To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sandwich structure.
Journal articles on the topic 'Sandwich structure'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Sandwich structure.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Krzyżak, Aneta, Michał Mazur, Mateusz Gajewski, Kazimierz Drozd, Andrzej Komorek, and Paweł Przybyłek. "Sandwich Structured Composites for Aeronautics: Methods of Manufacturing Affecting Some Mechanical Properties." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7816912.
Full textAbstract:
Sandwich panels are composites which consist of two thin laminate outer skins and lightweight (e.g., honeycomb) thick core structure. Owing to the core structure, such composites are distinguished by stiffness. Despite the thickness of the core, sandwich composites are light and have a relatively high flexural strength. These composites have a spatial structure, which affects good thermal insulator properties. Sandwich panels are used in aeronautics, road vehicles, ships, and civil engineering. The mechanical properties of these composites are directly dependent on the properties of sandwich components and method of manufacturing. The paper presents some aspects of technology and its influence on mechanical properties of sandwich structure polymer composites. The sandwiches described in the paper were made by three different methods: hand lay-up, press method, and autoclave use. The samples of sandwiches were tested for failure caused by impact load. Sandwiches prepared in the same way were used for structural analysis of adhesive layer between panels and core. The results of research showed that the method of manufacturing, more precisely the pressure while forming sandwich panels, influences some mechanical properties of sandwich structured polymer composites such as flexural strength, impact strength, and compressive strength.
2
Lin, Zhengjie, Hengliang Liang, and Hongfei Zhou. "Forming pressure of PMI foam sandwich structure." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2566, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2566/1/012040.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this study, the performance of A-reinforced sandwich structures made with polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam material is explored. The research focuses on comparing two forming methods, bonding and co-curing. It also tests the static properties of sandwich test pieces under different forming pressures. It reveals that the foam sandwich structure formed under the 0.15 MPa bonding process outperforms the rest regarding static properties. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimal structure-forming process for PMI foam sandwiches, paving the way for future advancements in this field.
3
Hossain, Forhad, Md Arifuzzaman, Md Shariful Islam, and Md Mainul Islam. "Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Green Sandwich Structures for Building and Construction Applications." Processes 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2023): 2456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082456.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, three different types of sandwich structures were manufactured, each using a Formica sheet (a paper-based sheet) as the skin and perlite/sodium silicate foam as the core, with or without a paper honeycomb. The sandwich structures were fabricated by attaching the Formica sheets on both sides of a paper honeycomb core panel, a perlite/sodium silicate foam core panel, and a perlite/sodium silicate foam-filled honeycomb core panel. The flexural characteristics were studied by a three-point bending test and the thermal conductivity was measured using Lee’s thermal conductivity apparatus. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in flexural properties, including core shear stress, facing stress, bending stress, and energy absorption, when incorporating the paper honeycomb reinforcement. The thermal conductivity and flexural properties of the paper honeycomb reinforced and unreinforced perlite/sodium silicate foam-based sandwich panels were found to be very compatible with existing building materials described in the literature that are used for similar applications. The failure investigation revealed that the sandwiches with paper honeycomb failed prematurely only due to core buckling, while the foam-filled honeycomb core-based sandwiches were able to sustain higher loads while exhibiting material failures such as core shear failure, skin rapture, and delamination. It was found that the foam-filled paper honeycomb sandwich structures can withstand higher bending loads than the foam core-based sandwich structure or the paper-honeycomb-based sandwich structure. These developed sandwiches offer potential as green materials due to the characteristics of their constituent materials and they can provide valuable applications in the thermal insulation of buildings.
4
Kozak, Janusz. "Joints Of Steel Sandwich Structures." Polish Maritime Research 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2021-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Steel sandwich structures are perceived as alternatives to single-skin welded structures in the shipbuilding industry due its advantages like significant reduction of mass in relation to typical single skin structure. However, beside problems with their strength properties itself, applications in real structures requires of solving the problem of joining, both for connection sandwich to sandwich as well as sandwiches to single-shell structures. Proper design of joints is connected with some factors like lack of attempt to interior of panel, introduction of additional parts and welds with completely different stiffness. In the paper the results of laboratory fatigue tests of selected joints as well as numerical calculation of stressed for different kind of joints of sandwich structures are presented. As result of calculations optimisation of geometry for selected joints is performed.
5
Chang, Bianhong, Zhenning Wang, and Guangjian Bi. "Study on the Energy Absorption Characteristics of Different Composite Honeycomb Sandwich Structures under Impact Energy." Applied Sciences 14, no. 7 (March 27, 2024): 2832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14072832.
Full textAbstract:
A honeycomb structure is a sandwich structure widely used in fuselage, among which the hexagonal honeycomb core is the most widely used. The energy absorption characteristics and impedance ability of the structure are the main reasons that directly affect the energy absorption characteristics of the honeycomb sandwich structure. Therefore, it is necessary to study the out-of-plane mechanical properties of the composite honeycomb sandwich structure. Based on the numerical simulation results, the energy absorption characteristics of several composite honeycomb sandwich structures are verified by drop hammer impact experiments. The research shows that the transient energy absorption characteristics of the composite honeycomb sandwich structure are mainly related to the cell size of the honeycomb structure. The smaller the size of the front cell, the stronger the overall impact resistance; the strength of the composite honeycomb sandwich structure exceeds that of 7075 aluminum alloy-NOMEX and carbon fiber-NOMEX honeycomb sandwich structures. In this paper, the energy absorption characteristics of composite honeycomb sandwich structures under different impact energy are compared and studied. The displacement, force and energy curves of energy absorption characteristics related to time variables are analyzed. The difference in protective performance between the composite honeycomb sandwich structure and existing airframe structure is compared and studied. The optimal structural design parameters of composite honeycomb sandwich under low-speed impact of drop hammer are obtained. The maximum energy absorption per unit volume of the designed honeycomb sandwich structure is 171.7% and 229.8% higher than that of the NOMEX-AL and NOMEX-C structures. The 6.4 mm and 3 mm cell sizes show good characteristics in high-speed buffering and crashworthiness. The composite honeycomb sandwich airframe structure can improve the anti-damage performance of the UAV airframe structure, ensure the same thickness and lightweight conditions as the existing honeycomb sandwich airframe structure, and improve the single-core bearing mode of the existing airframe structure.
6
Kausar, Ayesha, Ishaq Ahmad, Sobia A. Rakha, M. H. Eisa, and Abdoulaye Diallo. "State-Of-The-Art of Sandwich Composite Structures: Manufacturing—to—High Performance Applications." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 3 (March 7, 2023): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7030102.
Full textAbstract:
This cutting-edge review highlights the fundamentals, design, and manufacturing strategies used for sandwich composites. Sandwich composite structures have the advantages of light weight, high strength, impact resistance, stability, and other superior features for advanced applications. In this regard, different core materials have been used in the sandwich composite structures, such as cellular polymer foam, metallic foam, honeycomb, balsa, tubular, and other core geometries. Among these, honeycomb sandwich composite materials have been effectively applied in space engineering, marine engineering, and construction applications. The foremost manufacturing techniques used for sandwiched composite structures include hand lay-up, press method, prepreg method, vacuum bagging/autoclave, vacuum assisted resin infusion, resin transfer molding, compression molding, pultrusion, three-dimensional (3D) printing, four-dimensional (4D) printing, etc. In advanced composite manufacturing, autoclave processes have been the method of choice for the aerospace industry due to less delamination between plies and easy control of thickness dimensions. Moreover, machining processes used for sandwich composites are discussed in this article. In addition to aerospace, the high-performance significance of sandwiched composite structures is covered mainly in relation to automobile engineering and energy absorption applications. The structure-, fabrication-, and application-related challenges and probable future research directions are also discussed in this article.
7
Fu, Yibin, Jun Zhou, and Xiaosheng Gao. "Sandwiched hollow sphere structures: A study of ballistic impact behavior using numerical simulation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 12 (December 12, 2013): 2068–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213515857.
Full textAbstract:
Sandwiched hollow sphere structure may have the potential to provide better ballistic impact protection as compared with monolithic plate based on the same weight and impact area. In the previous study of a sandwiched hollow sphere structure by the authors, a novel unit cell was created as a basic building unit of the structure, the tumbling effect was observed for significant impact energy absorption, and the existence of an optimal yield stress or hardness was proved for maximizing the impact energy absorption. However, the impact energy absorption ability of the sandwiched hollow sphere structure may also relate to many other factors. In this study, the diameter relation between the incoming projectile and the spheres in the sandwich core, the projectile initial impact velocity, and the sphere arrangement in the sandwich core are examined. It is revealed that the first layer sphere diameter should be comparable to the diameter of the incoming projectile, the diameter of spheres in different layers in one sandwich core should either decrease or increase monotonically, and there exists a critical impacting speed, at which the sandwiched sphere structure is most effective for impact energy absorption, etc. All these findings make the sandwiched hollow sphere structure a promising new member to the passive armor family.
8
Feng, Yixiong, Hao Qiu, Yicong Gao, Hao Zheng, and Jianrong Tan. "Creative design for sandwich structures: A review." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 17, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 172988142092132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881420921327.
Full textAbstract:
Sandwich structures are important innovative multifunctional structures with the advantages of low density and high performance. Creative design for sandwich structures is a design process based on sandwich core structure evolution mechanisms, material design method, and panel (including core structure and facing sheets) performance prediction model. The review outlines recent research efforts on creative design for sandwich structures with different core constructions such as corrugated core, honeycomb core, foam core, truss core, and folded cores. The topics discussed in this review article include aspects of sandwich core structure design, material design, and mechanical properties, and panel performance and damage. In addition, examples of engineering applications of sandwich structures are discussed. Further research directions and potential applications are summarized.
9
Zhang, Zhen, Jian Guang Zhang, Xiu Zhi Liu, Yong Hai Wen, and Shao Bo Gong. "Numerical and Experimental Studies of Composites Sandwich Structure with a Rectangular Cut-Out." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.891.
Full textAbstract:
Numerical and experimental study on honeycomb sandwich structure with a rectangular cut-out were carried out in this paper. Two designs were presented, with using a U-shaped sandwich structure or a combination of two separate sandwiches. Finite element models were developed and calculated using MSC.NASTRAN code by means of linear analysis and non-linear incremental deformation analysis. Compared with linear analysis, non-linear analysis was more suitable to evaluate the ability of sandwich structure with cut-out to resist compressive load. The results obtained from non-linear solution were verified by the supporting mechanical tests.
10
Wang, Dong-Mei, and Rui Yang. "Investigation of vibration transmissibility for paper honeycomb sandwich structures with various moisture contents." Mechanics & Industry 20, no. 1 (2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2019002.
Full textAbstract:
Vibration transmissibility is an important factor to characterize the vibration absorption performance of cushioning packaging materials during transportation. Reasonable prediction of vibration transmissibility can guide antivibration design and reduce packaging cost. As a kind of green cushioning material, paper honeycomb sandwich structure is widely used in transport packaging because of its good machinability. But at the same time, it also has strong water absorption capacity. To a great extent, the vibration transmissibility of paper honeycomb sandwich structure may be affected by ambient humidity. In this research, the vibration transmissibility of paper honeycomb sandwich structures with various structure sizes under different humidity was tested by sine frequency sweep experiments. The rule of maximal vibration transmissibility with moisture content, cell length of honeycomb, and thickness of sandwich structure was analyzed. The results show that the maximal vibration transmissibility of paper honeycomb sandwich structure increases with the increase of moisture content, cell length of honeycomb, and thickness of sandwich structure. In order to construct the relationship between maximal vibration transmissibility and various factors, the moisture content was standardized. Finally, the maximal vibration transmissibility evaluation equation of paper honeycomb sandwich structure containing standardized moisture content and size of sandwich structure was obtained, which is of some reference value for vibration prediction of paper honeycomb sandwich structures.
11
Wang, Xishu, Yuhang An, Nannan Dou, and Zhengbin Wu. "The peeling strength analysis of sandwich structure with cohesive element model." ITM Web of Conferences 47 (2022): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224703016.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, cohesive element models are applied to the strength analysis of the sandwich structure. As the sandwich structures have been used increasingly in the field of automotive light-weighting, the strength analysis of the sandwich structures becomes an important research topic. Cohesive Zone Models (CZMs) can be used to predict the initiation and propagation of the material cracks. Therefore, the peeling strength of the sandwich structure is calculated and analyzed by the traction-separation law with various CZMs. Experiments have been performed to verify the effectiveness of the sandwich structure via cohesive element models analyzation.
12
Wang, Dong Mei. "Evaluation Equation of the Flat Compression Properties of Corrugated Sandwich Structure." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.202.
Full textAbstract:
The flat compression properties of corrugated sandwich structure are an important factor to evaluate their cushioning properties. At present, more research has been made on the mechanical properties in the cross direction (CD) and machine direction (MD), but less has been made in the flat compression direction. Selecting corrugated paperboards as samples, we analyzed the flat compression properties of the corrugated sandwich structure and explored the critical stress which is a key element for evaluating the cushioning properties based on theory and experiment. It is convenient to evaluate the cushioning properties and optimize the corrugated sandwich structure. Simplifying the corrugated structure into the struts, and referring to the bending theory of the standard beam theory, we explored the evaluating equation of the critical stress for corrugated sandwich structure by the bending moment and Euler formulas. The critical stress is in direct proportion to the elastic modulus and the thickness of the basis material. It is also closely related to the length of the corrugated cell-wall and the pasted width between the corrugated cell-wall and the linerboard. Changing the above parameters, we can change the compression resistance of the corrugated sandwich structure. The theoretical value of the critical stress of the corrugated sandwich structure is higher than the experimental value, since the mechanical properties are lost when the basis material is manufactured into corrugated sandwiches and corrugated boards. Therefore, the lost coefficient is introduced into the theoretic equation which can not only help optimize and design the corrugated sandwich structure, but also find application in optimized design of cushioning pads of corrugated sandwich structure.
13
Sharif, Umer, Bei Bei Sun, Peng Zhao, Dauda Sh Ibrahim, Orelaja Oluseyi Adewale, and Aleena Zafar. "Dynamic Behavior Analysis of the Sandwich Beam Structure with Magnetorheological Honeycomb Core under Different Magnetic Intensities: A Numerical Approach." Materials Science Forum 1047 (October 18, 2021): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1047.31.
Full textAbstract:
In this article a sandwich beam structure with honeycomb core filled of MRE (magnetorheological elastomer) with different ratios of Elastomer and iron particles is proposed. Modal response for structures with Nylon and Resin8000 honeycomb core filled with MRE and sandwiched between aluminum face sheets were analyzed and compared for two different ratios of MRE by placing magnets at free end and center of the structure. The force generated by magnets on the sandwich beam structure was calculated using ANSYS EDT and the modal response of the structure was then observed under generated magnetic force using ANSYS Workbench. The results showed that the resonance frequency of the structure decreased as the magnetic intensity was increased for all the cases specially for the first mode. Secondly structure with Nylon honeycomb core showed lower frequency drop and higher deformation than the structure with Resin8000 honeycomb core.
14
Li, Xiang, Li Cheng Yu, You Hui Zhou, Yang Li, and Xun Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of New Class-Honeycomb Sandwich Structure's Core." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 1601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.1601.
Full textAbstract:
As the sandwich structure materials extensively used in the engineering field, the existing sandwich structure materials can not meet the requirements of engineering design gradually. New sandwich structural materials with efficient, energy-saving and easy processing need to be developed urgently. Relying on the mature research results now on honeycomb sandwich structure, the class-honeycomb sandwich structure is put forward for the first time, meanwhile, innovate configuration in the structure. Based on this, the paper analyzes the mechanics properties of the structure and the results showed that the new class-honeycomb sandwich structures mechanics properties have improved greatly compared with the original hexagonal honeycomb sandwich structure. And also simulation analysis was carried out on the cores structure. The validity of the equivalent elastic constant is confirmed through the theoretical analysis and simulation analysis. For this reason, it has great theoretical significance and engineering application value.
15
Xu, Jinglin, Jianqing Liu, Wenbin Gu, Xin Liu, and Tao Cao. "Shock Wave Attenuation Characteristics of Aluminum Foam Sandwich Panels Subjected to Blast Loading." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2686389.
Full textAbstract:
Comparative experiments were conducted with two different structures to study the mechanism of aluminum foam sandwich attenuating blast shock wave. The sandwich structure is composed of “steel–aluminum foam–steel,” and the mild steel structure is composed of “steel–steel.” In the experiment, the polyvinylidene fluoride transducers were used to directly test the load of stress wave between different interfaces of sandwich and mild steel structures. The strain of back sheet was simultaneously measured using high-precision strain gauge. The accuracy of the test results was verified by Henrych’s formula. Experimental results show that the wave attenuation rate on the mild steel structure is only 11.3%, whereas the wave attenuation rate on the sandwich structure can exceed 90%. The interface effect is clearly a more crucial factor in the wave attenuation. The peak value of back sheet strain in the mild steel structure is much higher than the sandwich structure. The apparent overall “X” crushing band is produced in the aluminum foam core, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation clearly shows the collapse of the cell wall. Experiments on the sandwich structure with different aluminum foam densities indicate that increasing the relative density results in increased attenuation capability of the aluminum foam and decreased attenuation capability of the sandwich structure. Experiments on the sandwich structure with different aluminum foam thickness indicate that increasing the thickness results in increased attenuation capability of the aluminum foam and the sandwich structure.
16
Hujare, Pravin P., and Anil D. Sahasrabudhe. "Effect of Thickness of Damping Material on Vibration Control of Structural Vibration in Constrained Layer Damping Treatment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 2031–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.2031.
Full textAbstract:
The reduction of noise and vibration is a major requirement for performance of any vibratory system. Passive damping technology using viscoelastic materials is classically used to control vibrations. Viscoelastic material among the damping materials is widely used to dissipate the structural vibration energy. Three-layer sandwich beams, made of two elastic outer layers and a viscoelastic layer sandwiched between them, are considered as damping structural elements. This paper presents the effect of thickness of constrained damping material on modal loss factor of vibrating structures. Measurements are performed on sandwich beam structure. In order to understand the effectiveness of the sandwich structures, the dynamics of beam with constrained viscoelastic layers are investigated. Comparisons of the experimental and the Numerical results confirm that the damping levels and the natural frequencies of damped structures are well corroborated.
17
Fomin, A., V. Koshuro, M. Fomina, A. Aman, and S. Palis. "Structure and characteristics of a thin-layer "aluminum - carbon nanotubes" sandwich structure." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2086, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012180.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The study describes a way to produce thin-layer sandwich structures containing layers of aluminum foil and an interlayer filler of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). To obtain a homogeneous structure of the composite, induction heat treatment was used combined with a device providing primary compression of the assembly. To determine the functional characteristics of sandwich structures, the homogeneity of their microstructure and surface conductivity were studied. It was found that the use of CNTs allowed increasing the surface conductivity by a factor of 8.3–9.5 compared to the sandwich structure without filler.
18
Santoso, Djarot Wahju, and Kris Hariyanto. "COMPARISON OF SANDWICH COMPOSITE WING STRUCTURE WITH BALSA WOOD (CASE STUDY OF UAV AIRCRAFT FIXED WING VTOL VX-2)." Vortex 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/vortex.v3i2.1236.
Full textAbstract:
UAV aircraft with a fixed wing configuration with multi-rotor are aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL). In designing the wing structure of aircraft, the weight factor and the strength of the wing structure are factors that need to be considered. The use of sandwich composite materials on UAV wings is expected to be able to meet the requirements of UAV aircraft, namely having a light weight, having high rigidity and strength. In this study, a comparative analysis the strength of the sandwich composite wing structure with the balsa wood wing of the UAV VTOL VX-2 aircraft was carried out. The steps taken are to model the composite wing structure of sandwiches and balsa wood using CATIA. Performing the process of structural analysis using ANSYS software. Both half-span models are subjected to lift and vertical take-off loads. From the analysis results, the sandwich composite wing (glass fiber skin with styrofoam core) is stronger than the balsa wood wing structure under vertical take off loads. While the VTOL rods, upper and lower spars of the balsa wood wing model are stronger than the sandwich structure under lift loads, but overall the sandwich wing structure is stronger than the balsa wood wing
19
Cui, Zhen, Jiaqi Qi, Yuechen Duan, Ying Tie, Yanping Zheng, Jun Yang, and Cheng Li. "Low-Velocity Impact Resistance of 3D Re-Entrant Honeycomb Sandwich Structures with CFRP Face Sheets." Polymers 15, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15051092.
Full textAbstract:
Lightweight sandwich structures have been receiving significant attention. By studying and imitating the structure of biomaterials, its application in the design of sandwich structures has also been found to be feasible. With inspiration from the arrangement of fish scales, a 3D re-entrant honeycomb was designed. In addition, a honeycomb stacking method is proposed. The resultant novel re-entrant honeycomb was utilized as the core of the sandwich structure in order to increase the impact resistance of the sandwich structure under impact loads. The honeycomb core is created using 3D printing. By using low-velocity impact experiments, the mechanical properties of the sandwich structure with Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) face sheets under different impact energies were studied. To further investigate the effect of the structural parameters on the structural, mechanical properties, a simulation model was developed. Simulation methods examined the effect of structural variables on peak contact force, contact time, and energy absorption. Compared to traditional re-entrant honeycomb, the impact resistance of the improved structure is more significant. Under the same impact energy, the upper face sheet of the re-entrant honeycomb sandwich structure sustains less damage and deformation. The improved structure reduces the upper face sheet damage depth by an average of 12% compared to the traditional structure. In addition, increasing the thickness of the face sheet will enhance the impact resistance of the sandwich panel, but an excessively thick face sheet may decrease the structure’s energy absorption properties. Increasing the concave angle can effectively increase the energy absorption properties of the sandwich structure while preserving its original impact resistance. The research results show the advantages of the re-entrant honeycomb sandwich structure, which has certain significance for the study of the sandwich structure.
20
Yan, Chang, Xu Ding Song, and Shuo Feng. "Aluminum Foam Sandwich with Different Face-Sheet Materials under Three-Point Bending." Applied Mechanics and Materials 872 (October 2017): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.872.25.
Full textAbstract:
Aluminum foam sandwich structure is a new type of composite material with excellent mechanical and functional properties. As it is known that properties of aluminum foam sandwiches (AFS) vary if the foam core is sandwiched between different face sheets. To study the effects of face-sheet materials on the mechanical properties of AFS and enable a better understanding of the usage of such AFS structures under flexural load, AFS sandwiched by 6061-aluminum alloy face-sheets and 304 stainless steel face-sheets were fabricated and investigated under three-point bending by using WDW-T100 electronic universal tensile testing machine. Results showed that 6061-aluminum alloy reinforced AFS had the same peak load value with 304-stainless steel reinforced one almost so long as the thicknesses of the face-sheet material were the same and the foam core densities were the same too, but the energy absorption ability of 304-stainless steel reinforced AFS was much higher than that of 6061-aluminum alloy reinforced. However, the integrality of the 6061-sandwiched AFS was better than 304-sandwiched AFS. Deformation modes of the two types of AFS were also discussed in the present study.
21
Wu, Hexiang, Jia Qu, and Linzhi Wu. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Impact Behavior of Hourglass Lattice Sandwich Structures with Gradients." Materials 16, no. 18 (September 19, 2023): 6275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186275.
Full textAbstract:
The impact mechanical properties of graded hourglass lattice sandwich structures under impact compression were studied using experiments and numerical simulations. The influence of the gradient distribution on the deformation mode, peak load, and energy absorption capacity of the hourglass lattice sandwich structure under the same impact energy level, different impact masses, and different impact velocities is discussed. The results show that the difference in impact mass and velocity has a significant effect on the impact mechanical properties of the graded hourglass lattice sandwich structure under the same impact energy level. The gradient distribution mode is a factor that requires careful consideration in the design. A reasonable gradient distribution design can control the initial and compression peak loads to achieve similarly low values and improve the load consistency of the hourglass lattice sandwich structure. The total energy absorption of the hourglass lattice sandwich structures with different gradient distributions is the same; however, the energy absorption capacity is different at different deformation stages. When the moving distance is 0.005 m, the gradient hourglass lattice sandwich structures with the mass decline distribution can absorb 1 kJ/kg more energy than the gradient hourglass lattice sandwich structures with the mass increment distribution. When the moving distance is 0.037 m, the mass decline distribution gradient hourglass lattice sandwich structures absorb 1 kJ/kg less energy than the mass increment distribution gradient hourglass lattice sandwich structures.
22
Sujiatanti, S. H., Achmad Zubaydi, and A. Budipriyanto. "Finite Element Analysis of Ship Deck Sandwich Panel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 874 (January 2018): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.874.134.
Full textAbstract:
Recently various types of sandwich panel are applied for constructing bridge and ship structures. Sandwich panel is material that consists of lightweight core material and two metal faceplates. The application of sandwich panel in ship structures makes the structure less-complex and ship’s selfweight lighter because of the reduction of secondary stiffeners. This paper discusses sandwich panel that was fabricated using synthetic resin core material and two steel faceplates. This study is aimed to analyze stresses developed in the sandwich panel of 750 GT Ro-Ro ship car deck structure when it was subjected to the deck design load. The finite element analysis was carried out to obtain the stress distribution and maximum deformation on the car deck structures. The stress of the ship car deck constructed using conventional steel structure, i.e. steel plate and stiffener, was compared with the stress of the deck that was built using sandwich panel.
23
Emi Nor Ain Mohammad, Nurul, Aidah Jumahat, and Mohamad Fashan Ghazali. "Impact Properties of Aluminum Foam – Nanosilica Filled Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sandwich Composites." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.11 (July 21, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.11.15934.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the effect of nanosilica on impact and energy absorption properties of sandwich foam-fibre composites. The materials used in this study are closed-cell aluminum (Al) foam (as the core material) that is sandwiched in between nanomodified basalt fiber reinforced polymer (as the face-sheets). The face sheets were made of Basalt Fibre, nanosilica and epoxy polymer matrix. The sandwich composite structures are known to have the capability of resisting impact loads and good in absorbing energy. The objective of this paper is to determine the influence of closed-cell aluminum foam core and nanosilica filler on impact properties and fracture behavior of basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) sandwich composites when compared to the conventional glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) sandwich composites. The drop impact tests were carried out to determine the energy absorbed, peak load and the force-deflection behaviour of the sandwich composite structure material. The results showed that the nanomodified BFRP-Al foam core sandwich panel exhibited promising energy absorption properties, corresponding to the highest specific energy absorption value observed. Also, the result indicates that the Aluminium Foam BFRP sandwich composite exhibited higher energy absorption when compared to the Aluminium foam GFRP sandwich composite.
24
Kulkarni, Dr V. A. "Design and Analysis of Weight Lifting Pallet with Respect to Sandwich Pattern of Pallet." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1761–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40130.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Sandwich plates are made of face plates which are separated by core material. They are usually designed in such a way that the face plates carry the bending and in-plane loads, the face plates have relatively high stiffness and density. The core is designed to sustain shear loads; it has relatively low density and stiffness. The face plates and core can be made from various materials metals, composites, plastics, and organic materials but the core can also possess various topologies: a web, a honeycomb. A structural sandwich consists of two thin face sheets made up of stiff and powerful relatively dense Material like metal or fiber composite bonded to a thick light weight material called core. These structures are commonly used in lightweight applications such as airplanes, marine systems and wind turbine instruments. Sandwiched panels have advanced High stiffness and strength to weight ratio and during this work various sandwiched structure is applied to optimize the load of weight lifting platform. Keywords: Sandwich structures, Material Handling, Stress, Deformation, and Finite Element Analysis.
25
WEI, PEIXING, JINXIANG CHEN, YUE ZHANG, and LIJUN PU. "WOOD-BASED SANDWICH PANELS: A REVIEW." WOOD RESEARCH 66(5) 2021 66, no. 5 (November 2, 2021): 875–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.5.875890.
Full textAbstract:
A sandwich panel with a high ratio of strength to weight is commonly used in aerospace, construction, packaging and other fields. Using a renewable material such as wood to make sandwich panels can achieve a perfect unity of material and structure. In view of the lackof systematic analyses of wood-based sandwich panels, this work reviewed the developmentof wood-based sandwich panels. Based on the core structure, these panels can be divided into hollow-core structures and solid-core structures. With the emergence of new materials and new technologies, new wood-based sandwich products had been created. However, the current research only focused on the manufacturing, and the related novel design was still lacking. This work put forward a research idea of bionic designbased on the integration of structure and function and pointed out the research direction for wood-based sandwich panels.
26
Baroiu, Nicușor, Elena Beznea, Gelu Coman, and Ionel Chirică. "Static and thermal behaviour of ship structure sandwich panels." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2019): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190531463b.
Full textAbstract:
The mechanical properties of certain flexible core materials of ship structure sandwich panels, having skins made of metallic or composite laminates may be significantly influenced by the temperature variations that may occur during the operational loading. At the same time, the improving knowledge of the behaviour of these panels in terms of bending strength and other stress / strain related aspects in various harsh conditions increases their superiority in terms of weight-to-strength ratio, high stiffness, easy to manufacture, acoustic and thermal insulation. In the paper, the behaviour of the ship structural rectangular sandwich panels to the mechanical and thermal loading are presented. The sandwiches have a special core of 20 mm and skins made out of different materials (glass fiber reinforced polyester, steel and aluminium) with a thickness of 3 mm. Analysis consists of the behaviour of the composite sandwich panels in the bending test at constant speed by the three-point method, for three distances between different supports, by measuring the maximum displacement and force applied to the specimens under various thermal fields. The sandwich structures are also thermally analysed, determining their thermal conductivity by the heat flow measurement method. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained by finite element analysis in numerical simulation of all modelling cases.
27
Li, Fangyi, Yuanwen Chen, and Dachang Zhu. "Revealing the Sound Transmission Loss Capacities of Sandwich Metamaterials with Re-Entrant Negative Poisson’s Ratio Configuration." Materials 16, no. 17 (August 30, 2023): 5928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16175928.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the influence of mass law, traditional lightweight sandwich structures have struggled to surpass solid structures in sound insulation performance. To this end, we propose an acoustic metamaterial structure with a sandwich configuration based on the re-entrant negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) structure and systematically investigate its sound transmission loss (STL) performance under incident plane wave conditions. We used the acoustic impedance tube method to experimentally study the sound insulation performance of the re-entrant NPR sandwich structure under free boundary conditions, and then established an acoustic analysis simulation model based on COMSOL Multiphysics software, which verified that the results obtained by the experiment and the numerical simulation were in good agreement. The results show that the sandwich structure exhibits excellent sound transmission loss performance in the studied frequency range (250–4000 Hz), and the overall sound insulation performance exceeds the curve of the mass theorem, basically achieving more than 20 dB when the sandwich thickness is 2 cm. Finally, we conduct parametric studies to establish a correlation between the geometric design of NPR sandwich structures and their sound transmission loss performance. The research shows that the changes of the length of the ribs, the distance from the ribs to the center of the unit, and the length of the upper wall and the lower wall have a significant impact on the sound insulation performance of the re-entrant NPR sandwich structure, while the change of the wall thickness basically will not affect the sound insulation performance of the sandwich structure. This research can provide practical ideas for the engineering application of noise suppression designs of lightweight structures.
28
Wang, Chun, Xuan Ming Zhang, and Chun Ying Tang. "Manufacturing Process of Large Scale Sandwich Structure with Variable Thickness of PMI Foam Core." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.816.
Full textAbstract:
Composite sandwich structures are extensively used in the aerospace, wind power, sports equipment, shipbuilding, automotive and train locomotive industries in order to improve structure rigidity and reduce weight. The molding process of sandwich structure using glass cloth and fibre materials as panels has been reported in many literatures. However, few researches are found relative to the molding process of large scale sandwich structure with the characteristics of thin-walled aluminum alloy panels and variable thickness of Polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam cores. This paper describes a preformed molding process that consists of thermoforming foam core blocks, assembling blocks into a whole sandwich core, CNC machining the sandwich core according to surface models of the thin-walled aluminum alloy panels, and finally, bonding and curing panels and sandwich cores.
29
Prabhakaran, S., V. Krishnaraj, Hemashree Golla, and M. Senthilkumar. "Biodegradation behaviour of green composite sandwich made of flax and agglomerated cork." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221103602.
Full textAbstract:
Material experts are striving to use natural resources as skin and core in composite sandwiches to achieve light weight, biodegradability, and cost benefits. This paper reports one such newly developed green composite sandwich and its biodegradable behavior. The skin and core of newly developed sandwich are flax fiber and agglomerated cork respectively. This composite sandwich is manufactured by vacuum bagging technique in order to get higher volume fraction of fiber. The biodegradability testing of the composite sandwich has been executed by soil burial test. The verification of the same has been done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and Thermoanalytical test. The test results portray the percentage of weight loss in the specimens and that, it increases with burial time. It also depicts that the newly developed Green Composite Sandwich (GCS) has 82% higher degradation than the Synthetic Composite Sandwich (SCS) taken for the comparison. SEM images show that the green composite sandwiches have lost their fibrous structure and cell wall surface due to the degradation. FTIR and Thermoanalytical tests also confirm the biodegradability of the developed green composite sandwich.
30
Šuba, Oldřich, Ladislav Fojtl, Oldřich Šuba Jr., Libuše Sýkorová, Soňa Rusnáková, and Jitka Baďurová. "On Flexural Stiffness of Polymer Sandwich Walls." Materials Science Forum 862 (August 2016): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.862.115.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the flexural stiffness of sandwich structures based on fiberglass and polymeric foams. The influence of geometrical and material parameters on the resulting effective flexural stiffness of the sandwich structure is being studied experimentally, analytically and using FEM models. The effective elasticity module of the sandwich-structured element is being studied and it’s theoretical and model dependencies on the stiffness of the foam core are being investigated. These dependencies are then compared with experimentally observed values. This study shows it is necessary to pay special attention to the issue of flexural stiffness of walls when designing sandwich shell products in order to prevent possible failures in the practical applications of these types of structures.
31
DING, Zhendong, Hongshuang LI, and Xiaole GUAN. "Reliability analysis of composite sandwich structure for fuselage skin based on surrogate model." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 40, no. 2 (April 2022): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20224020360.
Full textAbstract:
Composite structures are characterized by multiple source uncertainties in mechanical properties, geometric dimension, etc., and multiple failure modes, which bring challenges to their design and application. In order to explore the reliability analysis method of composite sandwich structures with multi-source uncertainties and multi-failure modes, a parametric finite element model and an acoustic boundary element model were established for deterministic analysis of a fuselage skin sandwich structure. Considering the randomness of the mechanical properties of composite materials and the laminate thickness, the structural reliability models were established for three typical failure modes of sandwich structures: static strength failure, global buckling and vibration noise. In order to reduce the computational effort, the Kriging surrogate models of failure modes were constructed, and the subset simulation method was used to predict the system failure probability of the sandwich structure of fuselage skin. The proposed computational framework provides support and tool for the fine design of composite sandwich structure.
32
Cai, Yingqiang, Xiaolong Wang, Fenglin Ouyang, Qinglin Chen, Zhaoyi Zhu, Kuan Fan, and Fan Ding. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of a Carbon-Fiber/Glass-Fiber Hybrid Foam Sandwich Structure." Materials 17, no. 9 (April 26, 2024): 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17092023.
Full textAbstract:
Considering the different structural strength requirements of different parts of fiberglass yachts, carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid reinforcement can be applied to the skins of sandwich panels in special areas. This paper designs and prepares 12 foam sandwich panel samples composed of pure carbon fiber, a carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid, pure glass fiber skin, and PVC and SAN foam sandwich, with reference to the layup structure of the outer panel of a fiberglass yacht. Through a comparative analysis of low-speed impact experiments, edge compression experiments, and short beam three-point bending experiments, we seek the optimal carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid layup design scheme for local structures to guide production. The results show that a reasonable hybrid carbon fiber layup in fiberglass skin can effectively reduce the low-speed impact damage of the sandwich structure, reduce edge compression damage, and improve the bending and compression resistance of sandwich structure. The impact resistance, compression resistance, and shear resistance of the SAN sandwich structure are stronger than the PVC sandwich structure. The carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid SAN foam sandwich structure can be used for the local structural reinforcement of special parts such as the bow, side, and main deck of fiberglass yachts.
33
Le, Vinh Tung, and Nam Seo Goo. "Thermomechanical Performance of Bio-Inspired Corrugated-Core Sandwich Structure for a Thermal Protection System Panel." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 16, 2019): 5541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245541.
Full textAbstract:
A skin structure for thermal protection is one of the most interesting components that needs to be considered in the design of a hypersonic vehicle. The thermal protection structure, if a dense structure is used, is heavy and has a large heat conduction path. Thus, a lightweight, high strength structure is preferable. Currently, for designing a lightweight structure with high strength, natural materials are of great interest for achieving low density, high strength, and toughness. This paper presents bio-inspired lightweight structures that ensure high strength for a thermal protection system (TPS). A sinusoidal shape inspired by the microstructure of the dactyl club of Odontodactylus scyllarus, known as the peacock mantis shrimp, is presented with two different geometries, a unidirectionally corrugated core sandwich structure (UCS) and a bidirectionally corrugated core sandwich structure (BCS). Thermomechanical analysis of the two corrugated core structures is performed under simulated aerodynamic heating, and the total deflection and thermal stress are presented. The maximum deflection of the present sandwich structure throughout a mission flight was 1.74 mm for the UCS and 2.04 mm for the BCS. Compared with the dense structure used for the skin structure of the TPS, the bio-inspired corrugated core sandwich structures achieved about a 65% weight reduction, while the deflections still satisfied the limits for delaying the hypersonic boundary layer transition. Moreover, we first fabricated the BCS to test the thermomechanical behaviors under a thermal load. Finally, we examined the influence of the core thickness, face-sheet thickness, and emittance in the simulation model to identify appropriate structural parameters in the TPS optimization. The present corrugated core sandwich structures could be employed as a skin structure for metallic TPS panels instead of the honeycomb sandwich structure.
34
Huang, Zhicheng, Yuhang Mao, Anna Dai, Mengna Han, Xingguo Wang, and Fulei Chu. "Active Vibration Control of Piezoelectric Sandwich Plates." Materials 15, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113907.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the active vibration control of piezoelectric sandwich plate. The structure consists of a substrate plate layer sandwiched between two layers of piezoelectric sensor and actuator. Based on laminate theory and constitutive equation of piezoelectric material, the vibration active control dynamic equation of the sandwich structure is established by using hypothetical mode method and Hamilton principle. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to solve it. The form of hypothetical solution is used for approximate solution, which is simple and accurate. The method of this paper is verified by several examples. The parametric studies of the sandwich plate structures are carried out. The results show that applying different boundary conditions and piezoelectric patch positions to the structures have a great influence on the natural frequency. When the driving voltage increases, the deflection of the plate structures increase approximately linearly. The active vibration control studies are investigated as well. The results show that within a certain range, the larger the value of the speed feedback coefficient, the better the active control effect. The positions of the piezoelectric patches affect the effectiveness and cost of active control. When the piezoelectric plate is located at the fixed end, the effect and cost of active control are better than that at the midpoint and free end of the plate.
35
Tian, Hong Wei, Hai Feng Chang, and Hong Jun Ye. "Progress in Foldcore Sandwich Manufacturing and Application." Key Engineering Materials 905 (January 4, 2022): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.905.246.
Full textAbstract:
The sandwich structure with foldcore is a new type of structural material with light weight, high specific strength, high specific rigidity and multi-functional potential, which is connected with each other in core space, this kind of three dimensional structures can be formed by folding based on two dimensional materials. The main research achievements and characteristics of sandwich structure with foldcore in recent years are summarized and analyzed according to the lightweight and multi-functional requirements of aircraft structure in this paper. The configuration optimization scheme and fabrication process of the sandwich structure with foldcore are described. Moreover, the research status of multi-function of the sandwich structure with foldcore are summarized, including sound insulation, thermal protection, stealth performance of the structure, etc.
36
Corigliano, Pasqualino, Giulia Palomba, Vincenzo Crupi, and Yordan Garbatov. "Stress–Strain Assessment of Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Subjected to Uniaxial Compressive Load." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 2 (February 6, 2023): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020365.
Full textAbstract:
The ship hull structure is composed of plates and stiffened panels. Estimating the maximum load-carrying capacity, or the ultimate strength, of these structural components is fundamental. One of the main challenges nowadays is the implementation of new materials and technologies to enhance the structural integrity, economy, safety and environmentally friendly design of the ship’s hull structure. A new design solution may be represented by aluminium alloy honeycomb sandwich structures, both as plane panels or stiffened ones, which are characterised by excellent impact-absorption capabilities and a high stiffness-to-weight ratio. Still, their response to some conditions typical of ship structural design needs to be deeply investigated. Axial compressive loading is one of the most critical conditions that could impact the structural integrity of such light-weight solutions. Hence, the uniaxial compressive behaviour of aluminium honeycomb sandwich structures has to be deeply investigated to promote their integration in ship structural design. Within this context, the present work performs an experimental and numerical study of a honeycomb sandwich panel subjected to uniaxial compressive loads. The results will help develop models for predicting the uniaxial compressive load-carrying capacity of hybrid honeycomb sandwiches of aluminium alloy design.
37
ERYILDIZ, Meltem. "Estimation of three-point bending behavior using finite element method for 3D-printed polymeric sandwich structures with honeycomb and reentrant core." European Mechanical Science 6, no. 3 (September 20, 2022): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.26701/ems.1101832.
Full textAbstract:
Sandwich structures are known as ultra-light porous materials. Because the structure has advantages in terms of acoustics, fatigue, and impact resistance that conventional stiffened plates cannot match, it has become a popular material in aerospace, automotive, marine, windmill, and architectural applications. One promising method for decreasing production waste and enhancing flexural stress is to employ Additive Manufacture (AM) technologies for sandwich structure manufacturing. In this study, polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) sandwich structures with reentrant and honeycomb cores were designed and then a finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out to compare the stress distributions in these sandwich composites. According to the findings, higher flexure stresses and specific energy absorption were obtained in the reentrant sandwich structures compared to honeycomb sandwich structures. A minimum equivalent stress value was found in the ABS material, while a maximum equivalent stress value was found in the PLA material.
38
Yang, Dongxia, and Changsheng Fan. "The Mechanical Properties of Wood-Based Grid Sandwich Structures." Forests 13, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060877.
Full textAbstract:
In order to reduce the weight of the panels used in buildings and minimize the use of wood, it is of great practical significance to study the mechanical properties of wood-based sandwich structures for adaptation to modern wood-structured buildings. In this paper, a wood-based pyramid structure specimen with large interconnection space was designed and prepared first. Based on the results of the flat compression, in order to strengthen the core layer of the sandwich structure, an interlocking grid structure can be used. The mechanical properties of two kinds of structure specimens, including bearing capacity, compressive strength, specific strength, load–mass ratio, safety factor distribution, and specific energy absorption, were studied by means of experimental test, theoretical analysis, and finite element analysis. It was concluded that the apparent density of the two structures was lower than that of the materials of which they were composed. However, the overall flat compressive strength of the two structures was higher than that of their constituent materials, which were high-strength materials in the field of natural materials. The mechanical properties of the interlocking grid structures were better than those of the pyramid structures. Based on the criterion of cell structure stability, it can be concluded that the wood-based pyramid structure was a flexural-dominant structure, and the interlocking grid structure was a tensile-dominant structure. The results show that the core layer design plays an important role in the mechanical properties and failure modes of wood-based sandwich structures.
39
Gu, Xuetao, Jiawen Li, Ji Huang, Yaoliang Ao, and Bingxiong Zhao. "Numerical Analysis of the Impact Resistance of Composite A-Shaped Sandwich Structures." Materials 16, no. 14 (July 16, 2023): 5031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145031.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on the finite element analysis simulation of the impact properties of composite sandwich structures made of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer lamina. In the existing studies, the composite sandwich structures with A-shaped cores have superior mechanical properties under quasi-static plane compression loads compared to W-shaped, Y-shaped, and X-shaped cores. However, there is limited research on the impact resistance of this structure. This paper studied the resistance of a composite A-shaped core structure to ballistic impact. Using ABAQUS/explicit finite element analysis software, ballistic impact tests for the composite A-shaped core structure were simulated based on the Hashin and Yeh failure criteria with a progressive damage model introduced in the user-defined subroutine VUMAT. First, the composite Y-shaped core sandwich structure was verified via experiments and simulations to determine the accuracy of the method, and then the composite A-shaped sandwich structure was subjected to a series of ballistic impact simulations. With varied impact velocity, the damage to the front and rear face sheet and cores via ballistic loads was simulated to illustrate the overall dynamic response process of the sandwich structure. Subsequently, a curve was fitted using a ballistic limit velocity equation, which was used as the criterion to evaluate the impact resistance of the composite A-shaped core structure. The results showed that, under the same relative density and the same number of component layers, the ballistic limit velocity of the composite A-shaped core sandwich structure was bigger than the composite Y-shaped core sandwich structure. The composite A-shaped core structure had 12.23% higher ballistic limit velocity than the composite Y-shaped core, indicating the impact resistance capabilities of the A-shaped core structure. In addition, the impact location’s effect on the impact response was investigated.
40
Ha, Giap X., Andreas Bernaschek, and Manfred W. Zehn. "Experimentally examining the mechanical behaviour of nap-core sandwich material – A novel type of structural composite." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 8 (December 24, 2018): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418820437.
Full textAbstract:
Experimental investigation of the nap-core sandwich is presented in detail, in which the nap-core is based on knitted fabric, being impregnated with a thermoset resin, formed to create cup-shaped naps, and stabilized to assume a permanent 3D contour. The material is a novel type of lightweight sandwich-structured composite which has good specific strengths and possesses various properties crucial for engineering applications, but its exploitation is still restricted due to insufficient research and understanding. The sample preparation is first described, being followed by the test implementation and outcomes. The results obtained from typical tests demonstrate high performance of the nap-core sandwich samples under different cases of loading. They also reveal the sandwich’s essential behaviours which are similar to those of a common shell structure, giving it a great potential of being computationally modelled with finite element software.
41
Wei, Yuhan, Ruixian Wu, Luming Zou, Niuniu Liu, and Xin Xue. "Vacuum Brazing Effect on the Interlayer Failure Behaviors of Elastic-Porous Sandwich Structure with Entangled Metallic Wire Mesh." Symmetry 14, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14050977.
Full textAbstract:
Particular attention has been given to the complexity of the elastic-porous sandwich structure with entangled metallic wire mesh (EMWM), which is a novel rigid-flexible heterogeneous and symmetrical material. The orthogonal experiment design for vacuum brazing was adopted for sensitivity analysis of the key fabrication process on the performances of an EMWM sandwich structure. The shear behaviors of the sandwich structures with different vacuum brazing parameters (e.g., heating rate, brazing temperature, and holding time) were analyzed by mechanical experiments and an interfacial microstructure. The results indicated that the failure behavior of the sandwich structure could be divided into four stages in the mode-I experiment. In addition, the joint quality of the different vacuum brazing process could be shown by the mode-II experiment, and the failure behaviors involves three stages. Additionally, the failure behaviors of the sandwich structure were mainly associated with the deformation of the EMWM core and the strength of the brazing joint. In addition, the relationship between the joint strength and the shear performance of the sandwich structure was revealed through the interfacial microstructure. Furthermore, the importance of the optimized vacuum brazing parameters to fabricate the novel sandwich structure with the best joint performance was demonstrated in this work.
42
Qi, Dezhong, Qiang Sun, Sanqiang Zhang, Yuanfang Wang, and Xiaoqiang Zhou. "Buckling Analysis of a Composite Honeycomb Reinforced Sandwich Embedded with Viscoelastic Damping Material." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 10366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010366.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the buckling loads of a composite sandwich structure, which is reinforced by a honeycomb layer and filled with viscoelastic damping material, are analyzed. By applying von Karman anisotropic plate equations for large deflection, the governing equation of the composite sandwich structure is determined, and the deflection of the structure is further defined by a double triangular series. According to the dynamic equivalent effective stiffness obtained by the homogenous asymptotic method and Hill’s generalized self-consistent model based on the Halpin–Tsai model, limiting the dynamic load buckling of the composite honeycomb reinforced sandwich structure embedded with viscoelastic damping material under axial compression can be achieved. The factors that influence the composite sandwich’s buckling loads are discussed and compared, such as the load and geometry parameters, the thickness of the honeycomb reinforcement layer and the honeycomb’s width. Finally, the results obtained by the present method are validated by the existing literature.
43
Ashraf, W., M. R. Ishak, M. Y. M. Zuhri, N. Yidris, and A. M. Ya’acob. "Experimental Investigation on the Mechanical Properties of a Sandwich Structure Made of Flax/Glass Hybrid Composite Facesheet and Honeycomb Core." International Journal of Polymer Science 2021 (March 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8855952.
Full textAbstract:
This research is aimed at developing the sandwich structure with a hybrid composite facesheet and investigate its mechanical properties (tensile, edgewise compression, and flexural). The combination of renewable and synthetic materials appears to reduce the weight, cost, and environmental impact compared to pure synthetic materials. The hybrid composite facesheets were fabricated with different ratios and stacking sequence of flax and glass fibers. The nonhybrid flax and glass composite facesheet sandwich structures were fabricated for comparison. The overall mechanical performance of the sandwich structures was improved by increasing the glass fiber ratio in the hybrid composites. The experimental tensile properties of the hybrid facesheet and the edgewise compression strength and ultimate flexural facing stress of the hybrid composites sandwich structures were achieved higher when the results were normalized to the same fiber volume fraction of glass composite. The hybrid composite sandwich structure showed improved compression and flexural facing stress up to 68% and 75%, respectively, compared to nonhybrid flax composites. The hybrid composite using glass in the outer layer achieved the similar flexural stiffness of the nonhybrid glass composite with only a 6% higher thickness than the glass composite sandwich structure.
44
Soomro, Irfan Ali, Erwan Bin Sulaiman, Mahyuzie Bin Jenal, MD Zarafi Bin Ahmad, and Nur Afiqah Binti Mostaman. "Design of 6 slots/10 poles modular rotor sandwich switched flux switching permanent magnet motor." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1281, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1281/1/012053.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Conventional flux-switching permanent magnet brushless machines (PMFSM) gained a lot of attraction due to their high torque densities, simple and robust rotor structure, and the permanent magnets and coils on the stator. The sandwich PMFSM machine has been proposed to improve the torque density of the machine in which two PM pieces are sandwiched in one stator pole to enhance the PMs usage efficiency. 2D finite element analysis (2DFEA) method is employed to compare the performance of sandwich PMFSM with salient rotor topology with that of sandwich PMFSM with modular rotor, in terms of flux linkage, flux distribution, flux strengthening, induced back EMF, cogging torque and average torque. From the results it is shown that the salient sandwich PMFSM and sandwich PMFSM modular rotor produces 9.28Nm and 6.7Nm, respectively.
45
Soomro, Irfan Ali, Erwan Bin Sulaiman, Mahyuzie Bin Jenal, and MD Zarafi Bin Ahmad. "Performance analysis of sandwich switched flux switching permanent magnet motor using modular rotor." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1261, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1261/1/012022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Conventional flux-switching permanent magnet brushless machines (PMFSM) gained a lot of attraction due to their high torque densities, simple and robust rotor structure, and the permanent magnets and coils on the stator. The sandwich PMFSM machine has been proposed to improve the torque density of the machine in which two PM pieces are sandwiched in one stator pole to enhance the PMs usage efficiency. 2D finite element analysis (2DFEA) method is employed to compare the performance of sandwich PMFSM with salient rotor topology with that of sandwich PMFSM with modular rotor, in terms of flux linkage, flux distribution, flux strengthening, induced back EMF, cogging torque and average torque. From the results it is shown that the salient sandwich PMFSM and sandwich PMFSM modular rotor produces 9.28Nm and 6.7Nm, respectively.
46
Zhang, Guo Li, Ya Nan Wang, Jia Lu Li, Guang Wei Chen, Li Chen, and Fu You Wang. "The Effect of Reinforcement Structure on the Modal Parameters for Sandwich Structure Composite Plate." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 2420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.2420.
Full textAbstract:
In order to investigate the effect of different reinforcement structure on the dynamic characteristics of sandwich structure composite plates used for manufacturing the high speed reciprocating motion composite components, four kinds of paulownia wood sandwich composite test specimens with dimensions of 350×83.5×9.5mm was designed and made by hand lay-up performing and press molding technology. The woven and 2D braiding fabric prepreg were both selected as top face and inner face materials , respectively, and the carbon fiber woven fabric prepreg was chosen as inner part materials. According to the impulse response modal test method, a modal test system was established. It was found that this kind of sandwich structure composite plate has bigger natural frequency value, it’s minimum natural frequency was about 609.77Hz that could meet the requirement for high speed reciprocating motion parts. The dynamic test results shown that the natural frequency of F2BAF-IUC-CPW sample is higher t about 11.17% at least, selecting 2D integral braiding pipe fabric as top face and inner face reinforced materials could effectively improve the dynamic properties of sandwich composite rectangular plates. The modal experiments indicated that the modal shapes of sandwich composite plate specimen with four kind reinforcement structures were identical, it’s 1st modal shape, 2nd modal shape and 3rd modal shape presented torsional vibration shape, flexural vibration shape and torsional flexural vibration shape, separately, the modal shapes of sandwich composite plate specimen were not obviously affected by reinforcement structure.
47
Lu, Wenke, and Junyan Zhang. "Mechanical response of aluminum foam sandwich structure under impact load." Materials Research Express 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 016515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac493e.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study investigates the mechanical response of aluminum foam sandwich panels, sandwich cylindrical shells, and sandwich shallow shells under impact loads. First, a finite element model of the sandwich panel was established, and an impact load was applied. The numerical results were compared with theoretical and experimental results to verify the model’s effectiveness. Second, the energy absorption efficiency and overall deformation of sandwich panels, sandwich cylindrical shells, and sandwich shallow shells under the same impact load were studied. The research shows that the energy absorption performance of the sandwich shells is better than that of the sandwich panels, and the overall deformation is less than that of the sandwich panels. The effect of increasing panel thickness on the two types of sandwich shell studies is based on this basis. The conclusions describe that increasing the panel thickness will significantly reduce the structure’s energy absorption efficiency and deformation. Finally, the effect of single-and double-layer structure on the impact resistance of sandwich shells was studied when the total thickness of the sandwich structure was unchanged. The results show that compared with the single-layer structure, the energy absorption efficiency, overall deformation, and contact force between the projectile and structure of the double-layer structure will be reduced.
48
Meekum, Utai, and Waree Wangkheeree. "Designing the wood foam core for manufacturing of lightweight sandwich structure engineered wood." BioResources 12, no. 4 (October 11, 2017): 9001–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.9001-9023.
Full textAbstract:
Wood foam cores manufactured from Eucalyptus fiber/epoxy adhesive and 4,4′ oxybis(benzene sulfonyl hydrazide) (OBSH), ethyl acetate (EA), and microsphere polymer bead (Expancel®) as foaming agents were investigated. A 10 phr of OBSH showed superior properties of the 0.50 g/cm3 wood foam and that 0.70 g/cm3 was the optimal density. Also, 17 phr of EA loading gave rise to the better mechanical properties and was considered the optimal content. The microsphere polymer bead did not achieve significant expansion under the conditions employed. Manufacturing of single (X1) and double (X2) layer of lightweight sandwich structures engineered woods with teak/glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) skins was studied. The enhancement of the sandwich structures’ properties was mainly contributed by the core and also by the added thin interlaminated GFRP layer. In X1 and X2 sandwich structures, with the same volume fraction of core(s), marginal improvement occurred in the properties, caused by the addition of the thin inter-layer of GFRP. Small contributions of the core properties on the sandwich structures were also demonstrated. The sandwich structure derived from the OBSH core was superior in mechanical properties and heat distortion temperature (HDT). The sandwich structure made from EA was unsuccessful in achieving water resistance.
49
Alsubari, S., M. Y. M. Zuhri, S. M. Sapuan, M. R. Ishak, R. A. Ilyas, and M. R. M. Asyraf. "Potential of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites in Sandwich Structures: A Review on Its Mechanical Properties." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030423.
Full textAbstract:
The interest in using natural fiber reinforced composites is now at its highest. Numerous studies have been conducted due to their positive benefits related to environmental issues. Even though they have limitations for some load requirements, this drawback has been countered through fiber treatment and hybridization. Sandwich structure, on the other hand, is a combination of two or more individual components with different properties, which when joined together can result in better performance. Sandwich structures have been used in a wide range of industrial material applications. They are known to be lightweight and good at absorbing energy, providing superior strength and stiffness-to-weight ratios, and offering opportunities, through design integration, to remove some components from the core element. Today, many industries use composite sandwich structures in a range of components. Through good design of the core structure, one can maximize the strength properties, with a low density. However, the application of natural fiber composites in sandwich structures is still minimal. Therefore, this paper reviewed the possibility of using a natural fiber composite in sandwich structure applications. It addressed the mechanical properties and energy-absorbing characteristics of natural fiber-based sandwich structures tested under various compression loads. The results and potential areas of improvement to fit into a wide range of engineering applications were discussed.
50
Wang, Lifeng, Yingcheng Hu, Shuai Li, Gaoyuan Ye, and Zelong Li. "Compression behavior and failure modes of wood-based lattice core sandwich structure with improved relative density." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 40, no. 19-20 (April 9, 2021): 770–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07316844211009384.
Full textAbstract:
In response to growing interest in lightweight, high-strength wood-based engineering materials, a lattice core sandwich structure made of plywood and birch dowels with improved relative density in its core was designed and fabricated. Flatwise and edgewise compressive experiments were performed to investigate the mechanical behavior of the sandwich structure. The effect of relative density on the mechanical properties and failure mode of the structure under flatwise compression was discussed. The theoretical and experimental flatwise compression test results showed good agreement. The results of the edgewise compressive tests of the sandwich structure indicated that face sheet wrinkling, crushing, and macro-shear buckling of the core were the main failure modes. The wood-based lattice sandwich structure has potential applications in the construction industry as beam and plate structures for buildings.