Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SAND BATTERY'
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Belaid, Sofiane. "Formulation et procédé d'élaboration sans solvant d'électrodes de batteries Lithium-ion." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10038.
Full textThis study aims to find a new way of lithium-ion battery electrodes production using dry process. The production procedure consists on the extrusion of different compounds of the electrode (binder, active material and conductive agent) with a sacrificial polymer. First, a study was established to choose optimal conductive agent and coating material of the collector substrat in order to optimize electrical properties of the electrode. Then the interaction between charges and polymer was studied to justify charges cohesion despite the low amount of the binder and to explain some performances loss mainly in terms of ionic and electrical conductivity. This study revealed the presence of adsorbed / grafted polymer on the surface of charges, known as "bound rubber". Finally, we showed that electrode porosity could be controlled. In addition it was proved that it is possible to perform a dry electrode responding to initial specifications. In fact, electrodes with active material content greater than 80 wt% ( rate of global fillers greater than 80 vol % ), a rate of porosity of 40 vol % , a thickness less than 100 μm, high electrically conductive and finally a specific capacity of 145 mA.h/g were performed
El, Mahboubi Firdaous. "Stockage adaptatif pour noeud de capteur sans fil autonome et sans batterie." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30218/document.
Full textEnergy autonomy is a major challenge in the massive deployment of wireless sensor networks in numerous applications. Energy harvesting and storage can serve as solutions to the autonomy issues. However, the harsh environment of certain applications requires a long lifetime since the use of batteries for storage is prohibited. We then resort to storage on ultra-capacitors. This type of storage has disadvantages that require a compromise between 3 factors: the fast charge of ultra-capacitors (low capacity), the maximum energy storage (strong capacity), and the maximization of stored energy utilization (low residual voltage). To meet these seemingly contradictory criteria, we propose three self-adaptive storage architectures. The first consists of a matrix of four identical ultra-capacitors, interconnected by switches, whose equivalent capacity adapts to the stored energy. The second and third architectures consist of two ultra-capacitors, one of low capacity and the other of large capacity, the difference between the two architectures being related to the number and type of switches used. The self-adaptive storage architectures that we propose include a suitable self-powered control circuitry to vary the apparent capacity of the device. In addition, each architecture allows a cold start with completely empty ultra-capacitors. These three architectures were first optimized through simulation, and then validated experimentally with discrete components. Finally, we implemented the self-adaptive storage architecture with two ultra-capacitors in a completely wireless measurement system, using an energy harvesting source and its associated electronics for its power supply, and demonstrated the relevance of this approach of reconfigurable storage. In conclusion, we deduce that the topologies can reach an efficiency of energy usage of up to 94.7% by employing discrete components, a value that could be further improved through the exploitation of a silicon integrated version for both the control circuitry and the ultra-capacitors
Elango, Rakesh. "Thick binder free electrodes for Li-ion battery using Spark Plasma Sintering and templating approach." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0047/document.
Full textThe achievement of energy storage and return of energy supply is crucial for several applications (EVs, cellphones, laptops). Thick electrodes with minimized inactive materials in the overall battery can improve the energy density of lithium ion batteries. Spark Plasma Sintering is an advanced densification technique has been used to prepare thick electrodes in minutes. The templating approach is adopted for preparing porous electrodes with interconnected well-controlled pore sizes and morphologies. Here, sodium chloride microsize particles are used as a templating agent to create pores inside the thick electrodes. These sintered binder-free electrodes are self-supported that helps to increase the energy density of lithium ion batteries. The electrochemical performances of half and full batteries reveal a remarkable specific areal capacity (20 mA h cm−2), which is 4 times higher than those of 100 μm thick electrodes present in conventional tape-casted Li–ion batteries (5 mA h cm−2). The 3D morphological study is carried out by micro computed tomography to obtain tortuosity values and pore size distributions leading to a strong correlation with their electrochemical properties. These results demonstrate that the coupling between the salt templating method and the spark plasma sintering is also applied for thick electrodes fabrication using other active materials and also different cell configurations are proposed
Yoon, Sang Jun [Verfasser]. "Development of modified graphite felt electrodes for the vanadium redox flow battery / Sang Jun Yoon." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216104743/34.
Full textSabry, Mohab. "Shaft resistance of a single vertical or batter pile in sand subjected to axial compression or uplift loading." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64056.pdf.
Full textMeekhun, Dariga. "Réalisation d'un système de conversion et de gestion de l'énergie d'un système photovoltaïque pour l'alimentation des réseaux de capteurs sans fil autonomes pour application aéronautique." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0031/document.
Full textFlight tests of a commercial aircraft consist in gathering data during flight to validate aircraft design. However they are very expensive for various reasons. One of them is that most of the sensors implemented to collect data are wired. As an example, for the sole system that monitors the vibrations onboard a large (more than 100 seats) aircraft, more than 100 sensors may be deployed. Such networks are complex to implement, mainly because of the required wiring. A wireless solution is therefore of great interest; however, such a cable-less implementation implies both wireless transmission of data together with energy autonomy.The purpose of this work is therefore to describe a design of a power generation system, focusing on photovoltaic, together with the associated management strategies for an autonomous wireless sensor network deployed for large aircraft in-flight tests. This work is a part of SACER project. The main requirements are related to the thickness of the system (less than 3,2mm in order not to disturb the aerodynamic air flow) and the output power (3 W per sensor node in order to power the sensor, data processing and transmission system). In addition, the system has to properly work at extremely high and low temperature (-50 to 100°C). Our system consists of three primary components to consider: Energy Harvesting system, Energy storage device and Energy management system.In this work, we firstly present the comparison of the performance of different photovoltaic technologies at different temperatures concerning their availability and achievable power density in aircraft applications. Secondly, we will investigate the possibility of using batteries and supercapacitor. Finally the power management system, composed by a photovoltaic panel, a power conditioning (MPPT function), supercapacitors and a DC/DC regulator, is presented
Champault, Françoise. "Combattre sans se battre : une approche de la ritualisation du combat au Japon." Paris, INALCO, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INAL0010.
Full textDurand-Estèbe, Paul. "Systèmes de récupération d'énergie pour l'alimentation de capteurs autonomes pour l'aéronautique." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0033/document.
Full textThis work deals with energy harvesting and storage to power aircraft embedded wireless sensors. First, we discuss the issue of powering wireless sensors in an aircraft and we present a state of the art of the various energy harvesting and storage technologies that could be used. Then, through the design and construction of two harvesters, we show the possibilities offered by this technology and we explain the design constraints imposed by the application to get a reliable and robust power supply. The first harvester is a photovoltaic power supply located on the upper surface of an A321’s wing supplying a wireless sensors belt nearby. The systems provides 2 watts to the load, works with cloudy weather and is highly resistant to negative temperature (-50°C) and low pressure (200hPa) that are met at aircraft cruising altitude. The second harvester is a thermoelectric power supply located in an A380 pylon supplying a structural health monitoring system. The harvester is highly resistant to high temperature (300°C) and severe vibrations of the installation area and manages to generate the required energy to supply the structural health monitoring sensors. Mechanical and electronic design steps and choices that led to both harvesters are detailed and discussed
Bramas, Quentin. "Réseaux de capteurs sans fil efficaces en énergie." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066309/document.
Full textA wireless sensor network is an ad-hoc network connecting small devices equipped with sensors. Such networks are self-organized and independent of any infrastructure. The deployment of a WSN is possible in areas inaccessible to humans, or for applications with a long lifetime requirement. Indeed, devices in a wireless sensor network are usually battery-powered, tolerate failure, and may use their own communication protocols, allowing them to optimize the energy consumption. The main application of WSNs it to sense the environment at different locations and aggregate all the data to a specific node that logs it and can send alerts if necessary. This task of data aggregation is performed regularly, making it the most energy consuming. As reducing the energy consumed by sensor is the leading challenge to ensure sustainable applications, we tackle in this thesis the problem of aggregating efficiently the data of the network. Then, we study lifetime evaluation techniques and apply it to benchmark existing energy-centric protocols
Monthéard, Romain. "Récupération d'énergie aéroacoustique et thermique pour capteurs sans fil embarqués sur avion." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAT0026/document.
Full textThis work adresses the issue of energy autonomy within wirelesssensor networks embedded in aircrafts, which may be solved throughambient energy harvesting and storage. In a first study, we develop a demonstratorbased on thermal gradients energy harvesting, which is designedto supply power to a structural health monitoring system implementednear the engine zone. Thereafter, we introduce a capacitive storagearchitecture which self-adapts to its own state of charge, aiming at improvingits performance in terms of startup time, the energy utilization ratioand under some conditions, the energy transfer. Finally, we report the resultsof a prospective study on aeroacoustic energy harvesting appliedto the relative wind. It is shown that this method exhibits an interestingpotential in terms of generated power, then we introduce the design andthe realization of an optimized energy management circuit, allowing ourtechnique to supply power to a wireless temperature sensor
Yamegueu, Nguewo Daniel. "Experimentation et optimisation d'un prototype de centrale hybride solaire pv/diesel sans batterie de stockage : validation du concept "flexy energy"." Ouagadougou, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERP0001.
Full textAn original ‘‘Flexy Energy’’ concept of hybrid solar PV/Diesel power plant, without battery storage has been developed by the Solar Energy and Energy Saving laboratory (SEESL) of 2iE foundation. This concept consists of decentralized electricity generation trough hybrid solar PV/Diesel generators systems without energy storage in batteries and with a smart management of the energy production and loads in the system. This thesis joins in the framework of the validation of this concept. In this sense, an experimental prototype based on this concept has been set up. This facility consists of a PV array of 2. 85 kWp coupled with a diesel generator rated at 9. 2 kW via a single phase inverter of 3. 3 kW. First, the experimental study of the “Flexy Energy” prototype shows that the system is efficient for periods of higher solar radiations and for higher loads. Indeed, this situation allows each generator (PV and Diesel) to operate in optimal way. This part of the study has pointed out the importance of a smart management of the energy production and loads in such a facility, in order to enhance its efficiency whatever are load conditions. A second aspect of the experimental study has concerned the impact of the PV generator on the grid electrical parameters. The voltage and current harmonic distortions, voltage unbalance and voltage rise are studied. Finally, this work concerns the modeling of hybrid PV/Diesel systems without storage. The model developed is a first stage for numerical applications (software or software package), useful in the sizing and the optimization of such systems with a smart management of energy production and loads
Mendil, Mouhcine. "Joint radio and power resource optimal management for wireless cellular networks interconnected through smart grids." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT087/document.
Full textPushed by an unprecedented increase in data traffic, Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are densifying their networks through the deployment of Small-cell Base Stations (SBS), low-range radio-access transceivers that offer enhanced capacity and improved coverage. This new infrastructure – Heterogeneous cellular Network (HetNet) -- uses a hierarchy of high-power Macro-cell Base Stations overlaid with several low-power (SBSs).The augmenting deployment and operation of the HetNets raise a new crucial concern regarding their energy consumption and carbon footprint. In this context, the use of energy-harvesting technologies in mobile networks have gained particular interest. The environment-friendly power sources coupled with energy storage capabilities have the potential to reduce the carbon emissions as well as the electricity operating expenditures of MNOs.The integration of renewable energy (solar panel) and energy storage capability (battery) in SBSs gain in efficiency thanks to the technological and economic enablers brought by the Smart Grid (SG). However, the obtained architecture, which we call Green Small-Cell Base Station (GSBS), is complex. First, the multitude of power sources, the system aging, and the dynamic electricity price in the (SG) are factors that require design and management to enable the (GSBS) to efficiently operate. Second, there is a close dependence between the system sizing and control, which requires an approach to address these problems simultaneously. Finally, the achievement of a holistic management in a (HetNet) requires a network-level energy-aware scheme that jointly optimizes the local energy resources and radio collaboration between the SBSs.Accordingly, we have elaborated pre-deployment and post-deployment optimization frameworks for GSBSs that allow the MNOs to jointly reduce their electricity expenses and the equipment degradation. The pre-deployment optimization consists in an effective sizing of the GSBS that accounts for the battery aging and the associated management of the energy resources. The problem is formulated and the optimal sizing is approximated using average profiles, through an iterative method based on the non-linear solver “fmincon”. The post-deployment scheme relies on learning capabilities to dynamically adjust the GSBS energy management to its environment (weather conditions, traffic load, and electricity cost). The solution is based on the fuzzy Q-learning that consists in tuning a fuzzy inference system (which represents the energy arbitrage in the system) with the Q-learning algorithm. Then, we formalize an energy-aware load-balancing scheme to extend the local energy management to a network-level collaboration. We propose a two-stage algorithm to solve the formulated problem by combining hierarchical controllers at the GSBS-level and at the network-level. The two stages are alternated to continuously plan and adapt the energy management to the radio collaboration in the HetNet.Simulation results show that, by considering the battery aging and the impact of the system design and the energy strategy on each other, the optimal sizing of the GSBS is able to maximize the return on investment with respect to the technical and economic conditions of the deployment. Also, thanks to its learning capabilities, the GSBSs can be deployed in a plug-and-play fashion, with the ability to self-organize, improve the operating energy cost of the system, and preserves the battery lifespan
Marsan, Benoît. "Battez-vous, ne vous laissez pas affamer! : la lutte des sans-emploi et le Parti communiste du Canada durant la Grande Dépression à Montréal (1930-1935)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6525.
Full textMeekhun, Dariga. "Réalisation d'un système de conversion et de gestion de l'énergie d'un système photovoltaïque pour l'alimentation des réseaux de capteurs sans fil autonome pour l'application aéronautique." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554679.
Full textDron, Wilfried. "Méthode d'estimation de la durée de vie des objets connectés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066719.
Full textConnected devices are embedded electronic systems that are powered by batteries. Their lifetime is an important constraint to take into account at very early design stages. In the context of this work, the lifetime is defined as being the time elapsed from the device very first boot until its battery does not contain enough energy to supply it. Thus, in this work, we investigate lifetime estimation in early design stages. A deep state-of-the-art's study showed that existing solutions were not accurate enough to do such estimation. Therefore, we introduce an original method oriented toward lifetime estimation in order to address this limitation. Our method relies on three fundamental aspects that are the software running on the device, its hardware platform and the battery that supplies it. This method has been implemented as a framework for the OMNeT++ network simulator. We evaluate the simulation performances of our implementation as well as the precision of our method. Moreover, in the context of a scientific collaboration with the SICS (Sweden), this method has been applied to a case study that implies several TMote Sky nodes running ContikiOS with a RPL/6LowPan communication's stack. Actually, our method gave us access to useful insights. These latter were used to improve the lifetime from 4 months to more than a year. We also compare our method’s simulation results to real experiment's measures. The absolute mean error is going from 6.17% to 11.56% depending on the model. In comparison, the state-of-the-art methods/solutions lead to an error that is greater than 35% - which highlights their inaccuracies. We also need to mention that the models that we have designed in our method were built using only the technical specifications and do not require any calibration
Russo, Patrice. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la gestion de l'énergie dans les applications audio embarquées." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918487.
Full textRAWAT, NEERAJ. "MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF SAND BATTERY SYSTEM." Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19963.
Full textDas, Shyamal Kumar. "Influence Of Nanostructuring On Electrochemical Performance Of Titania-Based Electrodes And Liquid Electrolytes For Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries." Thesis, 2010. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/1920.
Full textDas, Shyamal Kumar. "Influence Of Nanostructuring On Electrochemical Performance Of Titania-Based Electrodes And Liquid Electrolytes For Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries." Thesis, 2010. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1920.
Full textAtici, Mehmet. "A 3-D numerical model for pullout capacity of single batter piles in sand." Thesis, 2009. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/976362/1/MR63247.pdf.
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