Relevant bibliographies by topics / San Francisco Bridges

Academic literature on the topic 'San Francisco Bridges'

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Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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Lewis, Clinton. "A tale of two bridges and a round Earth." Physics Teacher 60, no. 7 (October 2022): 614–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/10.0014307.

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Columbus concluded that Earth is round while watching a distant ship sink beneath the horizon. You too can observe the curvature of Earth on the San Francisco Bay (and other places); not only that: you can determine Earth’s radius from such observations. I present here a method to use the vertical shift between two bridges over the Bay due to Earth’s curvature as seen in a photograph, where the more distant bridge is apparently lower than the proximate one (as shown in Fig. 1). Starting with each bridge’s known dimensions and location and applying atmospheric refraction corrections and then measuring the vertical shift between the two bridges on the image allows a calculation of Earth’s radius within a surprising 1% of the accepted value.
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Upgren, Arthur. "Bridges and Outdoor Lighting." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 196 (2001): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900164046.

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Northeast Utilities, the electric power distributor for Connecticut, has devised a plan to light the Arrigoni Bridge across the Connecticut River at Middletown. This paper descibes the plan and its impact on the surrounding region. The floodlights will affect migratory birds, and teaching and research at the nearby Van Vleck Observatory on Wesleyan Campus. Examples of bridges at other sites are also discussed, including the suspension spans of New York and San Francisco, that bear only tracer lights, or no lights at all.
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KOSENKOVA, Elizaveta V., and Denis V. LITVINOV. "ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF URBAN BRIDGES RECONSTRUCTION." Urban construction and architecture 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2018): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2018.03.17.

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The bridges and overpasses of the city of Samara are considered, their main characteristics are identifi ed. A brief historical background of the appearance of the fi rst bridges as simple engineering structures is given, the main temporary periods are highlighted. Examples of implemented solutions that characterize the main stages of the history of bridge construction are given: the Hohenzollern Bridge in Cologne, the Millennium Bridge in Gateshead, the Ponte Vecchio Bridge in Florence, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, the Russian Bridge in Vladivostok, the String Bridge in Jerusalem. The analysis helps to understand how a modern bridge, located in the city building system, aff ects it, complements and enriches it, combines many functions and advanced technologies, and also has architectural expressiveness.
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Spoth, Thomas, Dyab Khazem, and Gregory I. Orsolini. "New Carquinez Bridge, Northeast of San Francisco, California: Technological Design Advancements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1740, no. 1 (January 2000): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1740-06.

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The new Carquinez Strait Bridge, northeast of San Francisco, California, will be the first major suspension bridge to be constructed in the United States since the second Chesapeake Bay Bridge in Maryland in 1973. It will replace an existing steel cantilever truss bridge, built in 1927, that was found to be seismically inadequate. The new bridge consists of an orthotropic closed steel box girder superstructure, two main cables 512 mm (20 1/8 in.) in diameter, reinforced concrete towers, and gravity anchorages. The design has set a new standard in modern suspension bridge design in the United States, particularly with respect to seismic safety. Some of the key elements of the design that are discussed are the global design loading criteria for long-span suspension bridges, the design of allowable stresses in main cable wire, the state-of-the-art design detailing of critical welded connections, the finite-element analysis approach for the box girder to determine the actual plate stresses and stress concentrations, and the design of the reinforced concrete tower leg sections for enhanced ductile seismic performance.
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Stergiou, E. C., and A. S. Kiremidjian. "Seismic performance of the San Francisco Bay Area transportation network bridges." Bridge Structures 1, no. 3 (September 2005): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732480500247728.

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Bruneau, Michel. "Preliminary report of structural damage from the Loma Prieta (San Francisco) earthquake of 1989 and pertinence to Canadian structural engineering practice." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-025.

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The Richter magnitude 7.1 October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta (San Francisco) earthquake is the largest to occur near a major North American urban center since the historical 1906 San Francisco magnitude 8.3 earthquake. As earthquakes of at least similar strength are expected to occur in most of eastern and western Canada, and since the amount of structural damage that occurred is considerable, the study of the effects of this earthquake is of particular significance to Canada. This paper reports on the major structures and types of structures that were most heavily damaged by this earthquake, and presents preliminary findings as to the causes of failures or collapses. The pertinence of this earthquake is reviewed in a Canadian perspective. Key words: earthquake, structures, damage, failure, collapse, buildings, bridges, heritage buildings, emergency preparedness.
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Passenger Wieck, Lindsey. "A Tale of Two Bridges: The San Francisco–Oakland Bridges of 1936 and 2013. By Stephen D. Mikesell." Western Historical Quarterly 49, no. 1 (October 16, 2017): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/whq/whx104.

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Nadel, Ira B. "Review: A Tale of Two Bridges: The San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridges of 1936 and 2013 by Stephen D. Mikesell." Southern California Quarterly 99, no. 4 (2017): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2017.99.4.483.

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Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl. "Review: A Tale of Two Bridges: The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridges of 1936 and 2013 by Stephen D. Mikesell." Public Historian 39, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2017.39.4.189.

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Liu, Chun, Chao Li, Jian Yang, and Liping Hu. "Sea-Crossing Bridge Detection in Polarimetric SAR Images Based on Windowed Level Set Segmentation and Polarization Parameter Discrimination." Remote Sensing 14, no. 22 (November 18, 2022): 5856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14225856.

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As sea-crossing bridges are important hubs connecting separated land areas, their detection in SAR images is of great significance. However, under complex scenarios, the sea surface conditions, the distribution of coastal terrain morphologies, and the scattering components of different structures in the bridge area are very complex and diverse, which makes the accurate and robust detection of sea-crossing bridges difficult, including the sea–land segmentation and bridge feature extraction on which the detection depends. In this paper, we propose a polarimetric SAR image detection method for sea-crossing bridges based on windowed level set segmentation and polarization parameter discrimination. Firstly, the sea and land are segmented by a proposed windowed level set segmentation method, which replaces the construction of the level set segmentation energy function based on the isolated pixel distribution with a joint distribution of pixels in a certain window region. Secondly, water regions of interest are extracted by a proposed water region merging algorithm combining the distances of the water contour and polarization similarity parameter. Finally, the bridge regions of interest (ROIs) are extracted by merging close water contours, and the ROIs are discriminated by the polarimetric parameters of the polarization entropy and scattering angle. Experimental results using multiple AirSAR, RADARSAT-2, and TerraSAR-X quad-polarization SAR data from the coastal areas of San Francisco in the USA, Singapore, and Fuzhou, Fujian, and Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in China show that the proposed method can achieve 100% detection of sea-crossing bridges in different bands for different scenes, and the accuracy of the intersection of the ground-truth (IoG) index of bridge body recognition can reach more than 85%. The proposed method can improve the detection rate and reduce the false alarm rate compared with the traditional spatial-based method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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Carstens, Kevin Reid. "Enhancing Capacity and Managing Demand to Increase Short-Term Throughput on the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1674.

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While there are many proposals for fixing congestion between San Francisco and Oakland in California by adding a new bridge or tube, these solutions will take decades to implement even though a solution is needed now. This thesis assesses sixteen different strategies for reducing congestion in the short-term in the four categories of improving transit, promoting carpooling, implementing intelligent transportation systems practices, and incentivizing alternatives to using the Bay Bridge. Top priorities include HOV improvements on the West Grand Avenue and Powell Street onramps, altering WestCAT Lynx and BART transit services, partnering with rideshare apps to increase transit station accessibility (last mile problem), partnering with vanpool/minibus apps, promoting carpooling and implementing a citizen report system for carpool violators, shifting corporate cultures away from requiring employees to drive and drive alone, and lastly, altering land-use planning practices. To reach this conclusion, an inventory of current proposals and relevant research was compiled. Ridership and capacity data for the various modes of transportation across the bay were assessed for shortfalls and opportunities. Through this research and its resultant conclusions, focus can be placed on the best strategies to pursue in the near-term, while the Bay Area waits on a second bridge or tube in the long-term.
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Books on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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McIntosh, Beverly Childs. Biological assessment for San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge seismic retrofit, San Francisco and Alameda Counties, California. [Oakland, Calif.?]: Caltrans, 1996.

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(Firm), Public Affairs Management, Gabriel Roche Inc, Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade & Douglas., and California. Dept. of Transportation. District 4., eds. Community impact assessment: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge east span seismic safety project. [Oakland, Calif: Calif. Dept. of Transportation], 1998.

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International Bridge Engineering Conference (4th 1995 San Francisco, Calif.). Fourth International Bridge Engineering Conference, San Francisco, California, August 28-30, 1995. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1995.

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California. Dept. of Transportation., ed. San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge treatment BMP feasibility study. [Oakland, Calif.]: The Dept., 2000.

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(Firm), Public Affairs Management, Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade & Douglas., and California. Dept. of Transportation. District 4., eds. Visual impact assessment: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge east span seismic safety project. [Oakland, Calif: Calif. Dept. of Transportation], 1998.

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California. Dept. of Transportation. and Geocon Consultants Inc, eds. Sediment sampling and analysis report: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge east span seismic safety project, Alameda and San Francisco Counties, California. [Oakland, Calif: Caltrans], 2000.

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California. Dept. of Transportation. District 4., ed. Historic property survey report: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge east span seismic safety project. [Oakland, Calif: Calif. Dept. of Transportation], 1998.

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Zuehlke, Jeffrey. The Golden Gate Bridge. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications, 2010.

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Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade & Douglas. and California. Dept. of Transportation. District 4., eds. Location hydraulic study: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge east span seismic safety project. 2nd ed. [Oakland, Calif: Calif. Dept. of Transportation], 1998.

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Knapp, E. J. The great Golden Gate Bridge trivia book. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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Webber, Marc A., William Keener, Magnus Wahlberg, Cindy R. Elliser, Katrina MacIver, Sara Torres Ortiz, Freja Jakobsen, et al. "Sexual Behavior and Anatomy in Porpoises." In Sex in Cetaceans, 415–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35651-3_18.

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AbstractAmong the taxonomic family of porpoises (Phocoenidae), mating behavior in nature has been described in detail only for the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). We review this species’ unusual mating habits based on a study in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, and present new data from across its range in the North Pacific, North Atlantic, Black Sea, and managed care. Results confirm the male’s unique laterality oriented solely to the female’s left side as contact occurred both in nature and managed care. The male’s high-energy sexual approach to the female led to splashy aerial behavior at the surface in nature. Drone footage provided observations of subsurface mating behavior, including evidence of male–male sexual interactions and a male calf interacting sexually with its mother. Harbor porpoise reproductive anatomy is also presented, with new comparative information on the vaquita (Phocoena sinus). The harbor porpoise’s lateralized behavior and anatomy (i.e., long asymmetric penis, large testes size, convoluted asymmetric female reproductive tract) may have coevolved. We note gaps in knowledge, suitable platforms for future investigations (drones, bridges, boats, and coastal cliffs), and what is known about mating behavior in other porpoise species, including hybridization. We conclude with conservation implications for porpoises and encourage researchers to recognize and report mating behavior as baseline data valuable for establishing marine conservation areas.
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Abdelbarr, Mohamed H., Mazen Wahbeh, and Sami F. Masri. "Structural Identification and Monitoring for the Skyway Span of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 193–202. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62253-3_15.

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Cherny, Robert. "Harry Bridges’s Australia, Australia’s Harry Bridges." In Frontiers of Labor. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041839.003.0017.

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Harry Bridges, longtime leader of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU, representing Pacific Coast workers), was born in Australia in 1901 and came to the United States in 1920. Bridges brought Australian concepts of labor and politics to the docks of San Francisco in the early 1930s and injected Australian examples into his discussions of US working conditions and politics thereafter. When faced in 1939-1955 with deportation for being a Communist, he always attributed his political outlook to his early experiences in Australia. Bridges was frequently demonized in the US press, and a similar process occurred in Australia as the press there drew upon the US press in presenting Bridges. Just as business groups and conservatives in the United States saw Bridges as a dangerous radical, so too did conservative Australian politicians let their fear of Bridges carry them into a Quixotic campaign to prevent him from sneaking into their country. However, the Australian dockworkers’ union, the Waterfront Workers’ Federation, looked to Bridges and the ILWU as inspiration and exemplar, and Bridges and the ILWU worked closely with their counterparts in Australia. With the thaw in the Cold War aecline in anticommunist rhetoric in both nations, Bridges could be celebrated in both places as a “labor statesman.”
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Ray, Robert B. "Golden Gate Bridge." In The ABCs of Classic Hollywood, 165. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195322910.003.0059.

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Abstract Huston’s version of The Maltese Falcon immediately establishes its setting by superimposing “SAN FRANCISCO” over stock footage of the Bay and Golden Gate bridges. Popular narratives, as Barthes saw, are “marked by the excessive fear of failing to communicate meaning”; hence, they rely on “a certain redundancy, a kind of semantic prattle.” Studio Hollywood will always assume the viewer’s ignorance of even unmistakable landmarks: The Eiffel Tower must come equipped with an explicit marker, “PARIS.” And yet, commercial filmmaking also practices a certain laconic economy, dependent on the audience’s knowledge of stereotypes.
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Rabamad, Charles. "The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge." In GSA Field Guide 7: 1906 San Francisco Earthquake GSA Field Guides, 107–9. Geological Society of America, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906sf(08).

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Mueller, Dennis C. "Federalism." In Constitutional Democracy, 77–94. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095883.003.0006.

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Abstract When one individual consumes a pure public good all other members of the community either must consume the good in equal quantity, as with protection provided by the police, or may consume the good in equal quantity, as with a bridge. Public goods generally have a geographic component to them. The San Francisco Police Department protects the citizens of San Francisco, not those of Chicago. The Golden Gate Bridge is used by residents of the Bay Area of San Francisco, not those of Chicago. The same can be said of most externalities. If a student sets off fireworks on the Berkeley campus it disturbs, or perhaps benefits, other Berkeley students, but probably not people in San Francisco, and certainly not those in Chicago.
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Creef, Elena Tajima. "Looking at Japanese Picture Brides." In Shadow Traces, 41–68. University of Illinois Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252044403.003.0003.

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“Looking at Japanese Picture Brides” offers a critical examination of the photographic archives connected to this group of Japanese immigrant women (1908-24), beginning with anti-Japanese newspaper coverage of arriving brides and ending with official immigration case files created for Japanese “photo marriage” women arriving in San Francisco. Picture bride exchange photographs may have begun as personal artifacts, but once they have been entered into official immigration records they become part of an archival system of state surveillance. This chapter explores how early 20th century anti-Japanese politicians, Japanese picture grooms, U.S. immigration officials, and Japanese/American artists each bring different agendas to their reading of picture bride representations that have generated a multitude of meanings.
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"Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed." In Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed, edited by Heather M. Brown, Frederick J. Griffin, Eric J. Larson, and Gary N. Cherr. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569599.ch1.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—San Francisco Bay provides spawning and rearing habitat for California’s largest population of Pacific herring <em>Clupea pallasi</em>. This population provides a food source for other species and supports a valuable fishery for Pacific herring roe. Since the inception of the roe fishery in 1973, the California Department of Fish and Game has conducted annual surveys of spawning in San Francisco Bay as part of an ongoing assessment of population status and management of the fishery. The purpose of this paper is to document (1) regions of San Francisco Bay used by Pacific herring as spawning grounds over time, and (2) time periods in which spawning took place. Spawn data were analyzed by geographic region in the bay and by month for the period 1973–2000. During this period, we documented 269 spawning events from Point San Pablo south to Redwood City. Estimates of spawning adult biomass (fish that were not harvested by the fishery) ranged from 80,813 metric tons in 1981–1982 to 3,199 metric tons in 1997– 1998 (mean = 34,688 ± 19,325 SD). January was the peak spawning month, followed by December and February; small variations in this pattern occurred during some years. Overall, the majority of spawning took place in the north-central bay region (Point Bonita to Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, Angel Island, Point San Pablo, Berkeley flats; 55%) and the San Francisco region (Golden Gate Bridge to Candlestick Point; 34%), although it alternated between these two regions over time. In some years, considerable spawning took place in the Oakland–Alameda region (San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge to Bay Farm Island). The largest spawns and peak periods of spawning may not contribute most toward the next generation of Pacific herring, due to differential mortality within the season. For this reason, all regions documented in this study are important spawning grounds for Pacific herring from November through March each year. A number of recent studies have furthered our understanding of Pacific herring early life history and the forces that drive year-class formation in San Francisco Bay. However, studies are especially needed that will improve our ability to adequately address the potential impacts of human activities on Pacific herring in this highly urbanized estuary.
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Huang, Moh, and Jerry Kao. "Golden Gate Bridge field guide." In GSA Field Guide 7: 1906 San Francisco Earthquake GSA Field Guides, 111–22. Geological Society of America, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906sf(09).

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Ketchum, Mark A., and Donald Wells. "The new Carquinez Strait Bridge." In GSA Field Guide 7: 1906 San Francisco Earthquake GSA Field Guides, 333–38. Geological Society of America, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2006.1906sf(18).

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Conference papers on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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Nader, Marwan, George Baker, James Duxbury, Carol Choi, and Hayat Tazir. "Designed to Last 150 Years – The San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0820.

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<p>The east span of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (SFOBB) is a 3.6 km long structure that lies between two major faults, which can generate magnitude 7.5 M and 8.1 M earthquakes, respectively. Four distinct structures make up the bridge crossing, including the signature span of the bridge &mdash; the self-anchored suspension (SAS) bridge. With a length of 624 m and total deck width of 79 m accommodating 10 lanes of traffic plus a bike/ pedestrian path, it is named, in the Guinness Book of World Records, as the world’s longest self-anchored suspension bridge as well as the world’s widest bridge. The design life of the SFOBB is 150 years. Key considerations in design and construction include designing elements replacement after a major seismic event, proper fatigue detailing, and cable and anchorage zone dehumidification. This paper discusses the design and construction of this long span bridge to ensure optimal performance throughout its design life.</p>
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Nader, Marwan, and Brian Maroney. "The New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge." In Structures Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412848.052.

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"San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Deck Resurfacing Revisited." In SP-169: In-Place Performance of Polymer Concrete Overlays. American Concrete Institute, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/5931.

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Manzanarez, Rafael, Marwan Nader, Sajid Abbas, and George Baker. "Design of the New San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge." In Structures Congress 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40492(2000)67.

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Tang, Man-Chung, and Rafael Manzanarez. "San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Design Concepts and Alternatives." In Structures Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40558(2001)30.

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Campos, Javier E., and Rafael E. Manzanarez. "Load Rating of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge West Span." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1404.

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<p>The San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (SFOBB) West Suspension Spans connect downtown San Francisco to Yerba Buena Island (YBI) and is part of one of the main crossings in the Bay Area. Built in 1936, this historic structure has seen multiple design modifications during its life time, including: switching from fixed rail to standard highway traffic on the lower deck, a comprehensive seismic retrofit comprising the strengthening of truss elements and floor system with additional plates, replacement of rivets with bolts, and addition of utilities and maintenance equipment.</p><p>With the structure having exceeded its 80-year mark, it was deemed necessary to evaluate the structural capacity of the bridge and understand the effect of future modifications on the West Span to meet current demands.</p><p>The load rating on the superstructure was performed based on the AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) method. Some of the highlights of the work included running complex analyses to capture changes in the structure’s loading, seismic retrofits, and any other alteration since 1936. Understanding the bridge design intent and interpreting multiple historic code provisions made this a noteworthy challenge to our team.</p>
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Nader, Marwan, Sajid Abbas, and Tim Ingham. "Seismic Safety Design of the New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge." In Structures Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40558(2001)32.

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Shelden, Jeffrey G., Eric D. Smith, D. Max Sheppard, and Mufeed Odeh. "Hydraulic Modeling and Scour Analysis for the San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)16.

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GOSTAUTAS, RICHARD, and TERRY TAMUTUS. "SHM of the Eyebars of the Old San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge." In Structural Health Monitoring 2015. Destech Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2015/324.

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Nader, Marwan, Rafael Manzanarez, and Man-Chung Tang. "Design of the New San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge Self-Anchored Suspension Span." In GeoTrans 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40744(154)10.

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Reports on the topic "San Francisco Bridges"

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Hutchings, L., P. Kasameyer, C. Turpin, L. Long, J. Hollfelder, T. McEvilly, R. Clymer, and R. Uhrhammer. Deep Borehole Instrumentation Along San Francisco Bay Bridges - 2000. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/802090.

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Hutchings, L., P. Kasameyer, L. Long, T. McEvilly, R. Clymer, R. Urhhammer, and L. Baise. Deep Borehole Instrumentation Along San Francisco Bay Bridges - 2001. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803164.

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Bakun, W., J. Bowman, R. Clymer, W. Foxall, P. Hipley, J. Hollfelder, L. Hutchings, et al. Deep bore hole instrumentation along San Francisco Bay Bridges. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2850.

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Hutchings, L., W. Foxall, P. Kasameyer, S. larsen, C. Hayek, C. Tyler-Turpin, J. Aquilino, and L. Long. Deep Borehole Instrumentation Along San Francisco Bay Bridges: 1996 - 2003 and Strong Ground Motion Systhesis Along the San Francisco/Oakland Bay Bridge. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881065.

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Murray, Chris, Keith Williams, Norrie Millar, Monty Nero, Amy O'Brien, and Damon Herd. A New Palingenesis. University of Dundee, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001273.

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Robert Duncan Milne (1844-99), from Cupar, Fife, was a pioneering author of science fiction stories, most of which appeared in San Francisco’s Argonaut magazine in the 1880s and ’90s. SF historian Sam Moskowitz credits Milne with being the first full-time SF writer, and his contribution to the genre is arguably greater than anyone else including Stevenson and Conan Doyle, yet it has all but disappeared into oblivion. Milne was fascinated by science. He drew on the work of Scottish physicists and inventors such as James Clark Maxwell and Alexander Graham Bell into the possibilities of electromagnetic forces and new communications media to overcome distances in space and time. Milne wrote about visual time-travelling long before H.G. Wells. He foresaw virtual ‘tele-presencing’, remote surveillance, mobile phones and worldwide satellite communications – not to mention climate change, scientific terrorism and drone warfare, cryogenics and molecular reengineering. Milne also wrote on alien life forms, artificial immortality, identity theft and personality exchange, lost worlds and the rediscovery of extinct species. ‘A New Palingenesis’, originally published in The Argonaut on July 7th 1883, and adapted in this comic, is a secular version of the resurrection myth. Mary Shelley was the first scientiser of the occult to rework the supernatural idea of reanimating the dead through the mysterious powers of electricity in Frankenstein (1818). In Milne’s story, in which Doctor S- dissolves his terminally ill wife’s body in order to bring her back to life in restored health, is a striking, further modernisation of Frankenstein, to reflect late-nineteenth century interest in electromagnetic science and spiritualism. In particular, it is a retelling of Shelley’s narrative strand about Frankenstein’s aborted attempt to shape a female mate for his creature, but also his misogynistic ambition to bypass the sexual principle in reproducing life altogether. By doing so, Milne interfused Shelley’s updating of the Promethean myth with others. ‘A New Palingenesis’ is also a version of Pygmalion and his male-ordered, wish-fulfilling desire to animate his idealised female sculpture, Galatea from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, perhaps giving a positive twist to Orpheus’s attempt to bring his corpse-bride Eurydice back from the underworld as well? With its basis in spiritualist ideas about the soul as a kind of electrical intelligence, detachable from the body but a material entity nonetheless, Doctor S- treats his wife as an ‘intelligent battery’. He is thus able to preserve her personality after death and renew her body simultaneously because that captured electrical intelligence also carries a DNA-like code for rebuilding the individual organism itself from its chemical constituents. The descriptions of the experiment and the body’s gradual re-materialisation are among Milne’s most visually impressive, anticipating the X-raylike anatomisation and reversal of Griffin’s disappearance process in Wells’s The Invisible Man (1897). In the context of the 1880s, it must have been a compelling scientisation of the paranormal, combining highly technical descriptions of the Doctor’s system of electrically linked glass coffins with ghostly imagery. It is both dramatic and highly visual, even cinematic in its descriptions, and is here brought to life in the form of a comic.
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Salinity and temperature in South San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Results from the 1999-2002 water years and an overview of previous data. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri034005.

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