Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sampit language

Academic literature on the topic 'Sampit language'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sampit language"

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Trisnawati, Trisnawati. "PILIHAN BAHASA MASYARAKAT MULTILINGUAL DI KOTA SAMPIT (THE LANGUAGE CHOICE OF A MULTILINGUAL COMMUNITY IN SAMPIT CITY)." JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA, DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA 13, no. 2 (October 12, 2023): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v13i2.14862.

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AbstractThe Language Choice of A Multilingual Community in Sampit City. This study aims to describe the form of language choice of multiethnic communities in Sampit City in the realm of family, friendship, religion, education, and employment, and the factors that influence the language choice of multiethnic communities in Sampit City. This study used qualitative approach with field research. The method that was used in this study was descriptive method. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are various languages that coexist in a multilingual community in Sampit, namely Indonesian, Dayak, Banjar, Javanese, Maduranese, Bima, Batak, and Serawai. The dominant language used besides Indonesian is Banjar, because it is considered to have the highest prestige, so it is often chosen in communication. Multilingual people in Sampit are able to use language for the purpose of communication or polyglossia, and are able to distinguish between high and low varieties or diglossia. The choice of language made by the multilingual community in Sampit is influenced by the factors of people (participants), topics and situations.Keywords: language choice, speech community, multilingual.AbstrakPilihan Bahasa Masyarakat Multilingual di Kota Sampit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud pilihan bahasa masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit pada ranah keluarga, kekariban, agama, pendidikan, dan lapangan kerja, dan faktor yang memengaruhi pilihan bahasa masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat berbagai bahasa yang hidup berdampingan di tengah masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit, yaitu bahasa Indonesia, bahasa Dayak, bahasa Banjar, bahasa Jawa, bahasa madura, bahasa Bima, bahasa Batak, dan Serawai. Bahasa yang dominan digunakan selain bahasa Indonesia adalah bahasa Banjar, karena dianggap memiliki prestise tertinggi, sehingga sering dipilih dalam komunikasi. Masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit mampu menggunakan bahasa dengan tujuan komunikasi atau poliglosia, dan mampu membedakan ragam tinggi dan ragam rendah atau diglosia. Pilihan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit dipengaruhi oleh faktor orang (partisipan), topik dan situasi.Kata-kata kunci: pilihan bahasa, masyarakat tutur, multilingual
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Gita Anggraini. "Cultural Literacy as Conflict Mitigation of Sampit Dayak and Madurese Muslims in Tanah Mas Sampit Indonesia." Fikri : Jurnal Kajian Agama, Sosial dan Budaya 8, no. 1 (June 27, 2023): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25217/jf.v8i1.3393.

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Tanah Mas is one of the areas in Sampit that the Sampit Dayak and Madurese Muslim communities inhabit. They live side by side, peacefully exchanging culture and language. This area's uniqueness needs to be explored further so that it can become a good practice for mitigating conflicts that often occur in Indonesia. This study explores the cultural values developed, the processes of exchange and cultural literacy, and the cultural literacy methods used in Tanah Mas. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. The research was conducted for two months. The research locus was Tanah Mas Village, Baamang Sampit District. The study results show that cultural literacy is carried out in the family, community, and leaders. Parents provide examples and advice in the family to live well together and get along with anyone regardless of ethnicity. Community leaders provide examples and advice to respect each other, help each other, and cooperate reasonably with each other. Social literacy is performed by performing arts conveying messages of peace and moral teachings. In addition, the community mingles and cooperates in various activities. Information exchange is carried out through daily activities such as community interaction, traditional events such as weddings, religious events such as the Prophet's birthday or isra' mi'rāj, and artistic activities such as art performances.
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Anggraini, Gita, Sandy Ramadhan, Fauzi, Dwi Maulina Permata Sari, and Bernianti. "Utilization Of Social Media As A Learning Media For Promoting Sampit Language." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1477 (March 2020): 042054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1477/4/042054.

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Al Fath, Muhammad Sandy, Muhammad Abdul Azis, Nikmah Sistia Eka Putri, and Fatimah Setiani. "Mobile-assisted Language Learning(MALL) Exploration: Implementation in Extensive Reading subject for English Education study Program." Bitnet: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi 8, no. 2 (October 25, 2023): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bitnet.v9i1.5540.

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With the relatively low habit of reading, Indonesia created the urgent condition. The same problem actually happen in Universitas Muhammadiyah Sampit, especially in English educcation study program.Remebering how crucial reading in development of Language, the concrete way out deriving the will of reading of students is needed. One of the way out in UMSA bring the bright perspectively in both side, even students and lecturer in the class. This study aims to find out Description of Using MALL in the instructional process. The focus of this study is the extensive reading lecture in English Education Study Program in UMSA. The researchers use a type of qualitative research which is Case Study. Then, the instruments of this study were Interview and Documentation. Primary data were collected merely through interview; however, it has been taken deeply on the collecting data. The secondary data in this study are sources related to the problems in the object of this paper. The implementation of the MALL in this study was using Wattpad mobile apps as teaching media. Findings consists of the use, the features and the assessment of Wattpad as the learning medium in the class. The reason the supporting lecturer chose to use Wattpad was based on the needs of students in the Extensive Reading class. With Wattpad students can explore various uploaded literary works concluding on building and creating reading materials independently. In addition, students can collaborate with other students in building their knowledge and solving problems together.
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Mochizuki, Hajime. "Development of Sample Code Stocks for AR Applications in Language Learning." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 6, no. 12 (2016): 980–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijiet.2016.v6.829.

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Fakhrian, Andra, and Maria Arina Luardini. "Codes across languages at Kedai Inggris Coffee Shop: An autoethnography story." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.7.1.44-58.

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This article discusses the successful methods used in English speaking classroom at Kedai Inggris Coffee Shop Sampit, a coursework taught by Andra Fakhrian. Thereof, the purpose of this research is to observe and learn the journey of the teacher got the admission and brought the students to be distinguished and fluent in performing English. A descriptive qualitative method and autoethnography approach are the tools to draw the analysis as this research is a self-study, that the analysis is elaborated in the form of narrative. Throughout the results of Autoethnography description, moreover, this article has found: 1) a role play model is the key to the technique used in the classroom, 2) code switching and mixing are often got through in order to build the engagement between teacher and students, yet it results the clear understanding towards the material.�
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Bəyəhməd qızı Məmmədova, Əsmətxanım. "Phonetic gradations in the works of Nizami Ganjavi." SCIENTIFIC WORK 81, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/81/25-30.

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Bu məqalədə fonetikanın səs əvəzlənmələri, səs dəyişmələri kimi maraqlı bir hadisəsini klassik bədii irsimizin misilsiz incisi olan Nizami “Xəmsə”sinin beytləri daxilində araşdırmağa çalışmışıq. Fars dili samitlərinin bir-biri ilə əvəzlənmələri həm səs tellərinin iştirakına görə, həm də əmələgəlmə yerlərinə - artikulyasiyaya görə hər biri 3 bölüm daxilində tədqiq edilmişdir. Tədqiqatdan aydın olmuşdur ki, karlıq-cingiltililik, eləcə də əmələ gəlmə üsuluna görə samit səslər tələffüzü asanlaşdırmaq üçün öz xarakterlərini dəyişir, bir-biri ilə əvəzlənirlər. Tədqiqat boyu “Xəmsə”də işlənən iki fakültativ variantın hansı birinin Nizami dövründə daha işlək olduğu da imkan daxilində araşdırılmışdır. Açar sözlər: Azərbaycan dili, fars dili, fonetik əvəzlənmə, cingiltili samit, kar samit Asmatkhanim Bayahmad Mammadova Phonetic gradations in the works of Nizami Ganjavi Abstract In this article, we have investigated an interesting phenomenon of phonetics such as sound gradations and sound changes within the verses of Nizami's "Khamsa", which is an incomparable gem of our classical heritage. Gradations of Persian consonants were studied in 3 parts, each according to the participation of vocal cords, places of formation, and articulation. It became clear from the research that consonant sounds change their character and replace each other in order to facilitate pronunciation due to Voiceless -Voiced, as well as the way of formation. During the research, which of the two facultative options used in "Khamsa" was more effective during the Nizami period was investigated as far as possible. Keywords: Azerbaijani language, Persian language, fhonetic gradation, voiced consonant, voiceless consonant
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M.S, Shajith, and G. Bhuvaneswari. "A Study of Cultural Dilution and Influencer Advertising in Samit Basu’s ‘Chosen Spirits’." World Journal of English Language 13, no. 8 (September 12, 2023): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n8p257.

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The rapid growth of cultural consumption has led to a nearly seamless generation of hyperrealities. This generation is accentuated through the swift and inundated barrage of advertisements that have permeated all modes of expression in mainstream media. This article explores cultural dilution in the context of the convergence of art, advertising, and hyperrealities. Drawing on a textual analysis of Samit Basu's novel ‘Chosen Spirits’(2020), Baudrillard’s notions of hyperreality espoused in ‘Simulacra and Simulation’(1994), and a close study of influencer advertising and its effects, this study dissects the intricate relationship between art and commerce and its subsequent implications for cultural significance. The paper argues that blending art and advertising creates a continuous flow of hyperrealities, eventually diluting the represented culture. This process leads to the convergence of the once distinct realms of art, culture, and commerce, wherein culture becomes a consumable object. Advertising leeches, dilutes, and duplicates significant elements from its source, further blurring the boundaries between the two domains. The symbiotic relationship between advertising, culture and consumption is catalysed by technology. Consequently, the gormandised culture's value diminishes, and the communication gap between producers and consumers widens. In addition to transforming the nature of artistic expression, it impacts the authenticity and integrity of cultural production. The complex dynamics that shape contemporary cultural landscapes are unveiled by analysing how advertising and hyperrealities intertwine with art and culture. This subsequently invites critical reflection upon the implications of cultural dilution, the commodification of art, and the role of technology in reshaping cultural identities.
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Hummel, Philipp, and Jacob Hörisch. "The hidden power of language." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 187–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-04-2018-0111.

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Purpose Stakeholder theory research identifies changes in language as one possible mechanism to overcome the deficiencies of current accounting practices with regard to social aspects. This study aims to examine the effects of the terms used for specific accounts on company internal decision-making, drawing on the example of “value creation accounting”. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a survey based-experiment to analyze the effects of terms used for specific accounts on decision-making, with a focus on social aspects (in particular expenditures for staff) in cost reduction and expenditure decisions. Findings The findings indicate that wordings, which more closely relate to value creation than to costs, decrease cost reductions and increase the priority ascribed to the social aspect of reducing staff costs in times of financial shortage. The effects of terms used on cost reductions are stronger among female decision makers. Practical implications The analysis suggests that conventional accounting language best suits organizations that aim at incentivizing decision makers to primarily cut costs. By contrast, if an organization follows an approach that puts importance on social aspects in times of financial shortage and on not doing too sharp cost reductions, value creation-oriented language is the more effective approach. Social implications The study suggests that the specific terminology used for accounts should be chosen more carefully and with awareness for the possible effects on cost reduction decisions as well as on social consequences. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of the relevance of language in accounting. It suggests that the terms used for accounts should be chosen purposefully because of their far-reaching potential consequences for stakeholders as well as for the organization.
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Mahmood, Taha Mahdi. "THE IMPORTANCE OF USING ENGLISH GRAMMAR FOR TOURIST GUIDES A STUDY OF A SAMPLE OF GRADUATES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM AT AHL AL-BAYT UNIVERSITY IN KARBALA GOVERNORATE." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 06, no. 03 (March 25, 2024): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue03-09.

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Mastering the English language and its correct rules is necessary for tour guides and a gateway to enhanced communication with tourists. The importance of this research lies in the accurate use of vocabulary, which is critical to achieving the goal of a clear explanation. Understanding grammar is crucial in all languages, mainly administrative and commercial communications. For instance, a sentence's meaning can vary drastically without proper grammar, as seen in the 'go' and 'gen' examples. This research aims to equip tour guides with the necessary language skills to serve their English-speaking tourists better.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sampit language"

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Toscano, Jacqueline. "A comparison of language sample elicitation methods for dual language learners." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/467819.

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Communication Sciences
M.A.
Language sample analysis has come to be considered the “gold standard” approach for cross-cultural language assessment. Speech-language pathologists assessing individuals of multicultural or multilinguistic backgrounds have been recommended to utilize this approach in these evaluations (e.g., Pearson, Jackson, & Wu, 2014; Heilmann & Westerveld, 2013). Language samples can be elicited with a variety of different tasks, and selection of a specific method by SLPs is often a major part of the assessment process. The present study aims to facilitate the selection of sample elicitation methods by identifying the method that elicits a maximal performance of language abilities and variation in children’s oral language samples. Analyses were performed on Play, Tell, and Retell methods across 178 total samples and it was found that Retell elicited higher measures of syntactic complexity (i.e., TTR, SI, MLUw) than Play as well as a higher TTR (i.e., lexical diversity) and SI (i.e., clausal density) than Tell; however, no difference was found between Tell and Retell for MLUw (i.e., syntactic complexity/productivity), nor was there a difference found between Tell and Play for TTR. Additionally, it was found that the two narrative methods elicited higher DDM (i.e., frequency of dialectal variation) than the Play method. No significant difference was found between Tell and Retell for DDM. Implications for the continued use of language sample for assessment of speech and language are discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Ooi, Chia Wen, and 黃家雯. "Assessing Malaysian Chinese-English bilingual preschoolers using language sample measures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4730909X.

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Specific language impairment (SLI) in bilingual Malaysian children is grossly underidentified for two reasons. First, there is an absence of locally-developed norm-referenced language assessment tools. The challenge in developing a local assessment tool comes from the inadequate knowledge of children’s English as it develops in the bilingual environment. Second, the characteristics of Malaysian English, a non-Standard form of English, are often confused with the features of SLI in monolingual children learning Standard English. To date, the literature has no information on SLI in bilingual children learning a non-Standard English because research mainly focuses on bilingual Standard English and monolingual non-Standard English. Spontaneous language sample is the recommended language assessment tool for bilingual Malaysian children because it provides quantitative and qualitative information for language development and assessment in communities with complex language environment. Phase 1 of the current study investigated the developmental sensitivity of four language sample measures (LSMs), including mean length of utterances (MLU), lexical diversity (D), the Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn), and frequency of code-switching (FCS), by examining the relationship between these LSMs and age in 52 bilingual Chinese-English Malaysian children with normal language development (NLD), aged between 3;06 and 6;09. Analyses showed a highly significant linear relationship with age in D (r=.536) and IPSyn (r=.451), moderately significant linear relationship with MLU (r=.364), but not in FCS. The findings suggested that MLU, D, and IPSyn were developmentally sensitive to non-Standard English in the bilingual Malaysian children studied. Phase 2 compared the same measures obtained from nine children with SLI and their age-matched controls from the NLD group in Phase 1. The SLI group had significantly lower MLU and the IPSyn scores than the NLD group. Discriminant function analysis indicated that the IPSyn alone classified children into SLI and NLD groups at 77.8% classification accuracy. The four misclassified children, two in the SLI and two in the NLD group, were aged below 4;06 years. MLU and the IPSyn showed potential as SLI markers for bilingual Malaysian children. Two types of error patterns were observed from the SLI group. The first pattern included verb and the copula -be omissions which were also observed in younger children from the NLD group. The second pattern was omission of prepositions which was not observed in younger NLD group, reflected linguistic transfer from the first language. Future research in this area is suggested to a) extend the age range of the study to include older children to further verify the diagnostic potential of LSMs, b) consider longitudinal research design so that language development over time can be described and c) include non-linguistic measures given reports of these measures as potential markers of SLI. As an initial study on bilingual children learning non-Standard English, the current study provided empirical data for charting language development and also suggested potential markers for SLI. The study can serve as the basic framework not only for further research on other bilingual non-Standard English-speaking groups but also for children with language impairment secondary to developmental disorders in the same language group.
published_or_final_version
Speech and Hearing Sciences
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Osborn, Paul Gardiner. "The Test of English as a Foreign Language Sample Test as a Measure of Adolescent Language Ability." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,4322.

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Lemche, Erwin, Gisela Klann-Delius, Rainer Koch, and Peter Joraschky. "Mentalizing Language Development in a Longitudinal Attachment Sample: Implications for Alexithymia." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-133705.

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Background: The construct of alexithymia implies a deficit in symbolization for emotional, somatic, and mental states. However, the etiologic factors for alexithymia have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study investigated the use of mentalizing language, i.e. the utterance of internal states, from a developmental perspective according to attachment organization and disorganization. Methods: A longitudinal design across 4 time points was applied to a volunteer sample of 42 children. At 12 months, children were tested with the strange situation procedure, the standard measure of attachment at the optimal age, and attachment classifications were taken of videotapes. At ages 17, 23, 30 and 36 months, mother and child were observed in simplified separation episodes of 30 min duration. Transcripts of the sessions were subject to coding of internal state words. Results: During the investigated span, securely attached children rapidly acquired emotion, physiology, cognition and emotion-regulatory language, whereas insecurely attached and disorganized children either completely lacked internal state language or displayed a considerable time lag in the use of emotion and cognition vocabulary. Conclusion: The results raise the possibility that alexithymia might be a consequence of deficits in the development of internal state language in the context of insecure or disorganized childhood attachment relationships
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Lemche, Erwin, Gisela Klann-Delius, Rainer Koch, and Peter Joraschky. "Mentalizing Language Development in a Longitudinal Attachment Sample: Implications for Alexithymia." Karger, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27529.

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Background: The construct of alexithymia implies a deficit in symbolization for emotional, somatic, and mental states. However, the etiologic factors for alexithymia have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study investigated the use of mentalizing language, i.e. the utterance of internal states, from a developmental perspective according to attachment organization and disorganization. Methods: A longitudinal design across 4 time points was applied to a volunteer sample of 42 children. At 12 months, children were tested with the strange situation procedure, the standard measure of attachment at the optimal age, and attachment classifications were taken of videotapes. At ages 17, 23, 30 and 36 months, mother and child were observed in simplified separation episodes of 30 min duration. Transcripts of the sessions were subject to coding of internal state words. Results: During the investigated span, securely attached children rapidly acquired emotion, physiology, cognition and emotion-regulatory language, whereas insecurely attached and disorganized children either completely lacked internal state language or displayed a considerable time lag in the use of emotion and cognition vocabulary. Conclusion: The results raise the possibility that alexithymia might be a consequence of deficits in the development of internal state language in the context of insecure or disorganized childhood attachment relationships.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Kazemi, Najafabadi Yalda. "Clinical assessment of Persian-speaking children with language impairment in Iran : exploring the potential of language sample measures." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3028.

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Access to evidence-based assessment for diagnosing children with primary language impairment (PLI) in Iran is limited. This study aimed to explore diagnostic criteria employed by Iranian speech therapists for defining PLI and examine the diagnostic potential of language sample measures (LSMs) for Persian-speaking children. Thirty nine speech and language therapists (SLTs) contributed in a qualitative- quantitative study to explore the criteria currently used by Iranian SLTs to assess and diagnose Persian-speaking children with PLI. Personally-defined diagnostic procedures, based on the results of the questionnaires and focus groups were summarised to obtain a general picture of decision-making methods in identifying Iranian children with PLI. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used as an organising framework for establishing a consensus as to what constitutes a language impairment, since no commonly accepted reference standard currently exists in Iranian clinical practice. The assessment potential of LSMs in Persian was examined using the framework of diagnostic research and included a pre-accuracy study followed by phase I and II studies. Twenty seven pre-school children with typically-developing language (TDL) and 24 age-matched children with PLI, aged 42 to 54 months, were recruited. Language samples were recorded as each mother played with her child. None of correlations between age and the LSMs were statistically significant in either group of children (pre- accuracy phase). However, a majority of the LSMs could differentiate children at the group level (phase I). Five measures: Grammaticality/Ungrammaticality, Ungrammatical Utterances, MLUw-excluding one-word utterances, and Semantic Errors, provided good diagnostic accuracy when examined at the level of the individual child (phase II). An ICF-based reference standard for defining PLI in Iranian Pre-school children has been developed to enhance the consensus among Iranian SLTs. It was applied to recruit the children to the DA study, resulting in five LSMs which are clinically able to differentiate between children with and without PLI.
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Nopote, Nomvuyiseko Minty. "Establishing explicit perspectives of personality for a sample of Xhosa-speaking South Africans." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1145.

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Cross-cultural assessment in South Africa has become more prominent since the first democratic elections held in April 1994, as stronger demands for the cultural appropriateness of psychological tests have been made. The use of psychometric testing, including personality assessment in the workplace, is now strictly controlled by legislation, among others the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act 108 of 1996), the Labour Relations Act (66 of 1995), and the Employment Equity Act (55 of 1998), and the Health Professions Act (56 of 1974). The present study forms part of the development process of the South African Personality Inventory (SAPI), which seeks to explore the indigenous personality structure of all the 11 official language groups found in South Africa and to then develop a personality inventory based on this. The present study aimed to explore and describe the personality facets and clusters that were found among a sample of 95 Xhosa-speaking South Africans. An exploratory descriptive research method was used and participants were selected by means of non-probability purposive sampling. Data were gathered by administering a biographical questionnaire and a tape-recorded 10- item interview questionnaire. Content analysis was used to analyse and reduce the data obtained from interviews into personality descriptors. Of the 1872 personality-descriptive words obtained from the interview questions, 164 facets of different personality characteristics were finally configured as a consequence of a data-reduction process. These facets were further categorised into a total of 37 personality sub-clusters and nine personality clusters which were labelled as Extraversion, Soft-heartedness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect, Openness, Integrity, Relationship Harmony and Facilitating. These clusters and their sub-clusters resonate well with significant aspects and values of the Xhosa culture (e.g., Ubuntu). There also seems to be a moderate correspondence between the clusters and sub-clusters identified in the Xhosa-speaking sample and factors of the Five-Factor Model, especially with respect to the six clusters of Extraversion, Soft-heartedness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect, and Openness. Nonetheless, differences in the composition of the clusters/facets were found, some of which are due to the more unique facets and sub-facets of personality identified in the Xhosa-speaking sample. The limitations of the study are identified and suggestions are made for further research.
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Minch, Stacy Lynn. "Validity of Seven Syntactic Analyses Performed by the Computerized Profiling Software." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2956.pdf.

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Mooney, Aine M. "Language Sample Collection and Analysis in People Who Use AAC: A New Approach." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1554294907619342.

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Callan, Peggy Ann. "Developmental sentence scoring sample size comparison." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4170.

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In 1971, Lee and Canter developed a systematic tool for assessing children's expressive language: Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS). It provides normative data against which a child's delayed or disordered language development can be compared with the normal language of children the same age. A specific scoring system is used to analyze children's use of standard English grammatical rules from a tape-recorded sample of their spontaneous speech during conversation with a clinician. The corpus of sentences for the DSS is obtained from a sample of 50 complete, different, consecutive, intelligible, non-echolalic sentences elicited from a child in conversation with an adult using stimulus materials in which the child is interested. There is limited research on the reliability of language samples smaller and larger than 50 utterances for DSS analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference among the scores obtained from language samples of 25, 50, and 75 utterances when using the DSS procedure for children aged 6.0 to 6.6 years. Twelve children, selected on the basis of chronological age, normal receptive vocabulary skills, normal hearing, and a monolingual background, were chosen as subjects.
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Books on the topic "Sampit language"

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Nūančhan, Dārikā. Sambat samnūan. Krung Thēp: Samnakphim Khlư̄n ʻAksō̜n, 2008.

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Sammallahti, Pekka. The Saami languages: An introduction. Kárášjohka: Davvi Girji, 1998.

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Lindgren, Anna-Riitta. Helsingin saamelaiset ja oma kieli. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2000.

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Allan, Karker, Lindgren Birgitta, Løland Ståle 1945-, and Nordisk språksekretariat, eds. Nordens språk. Oslo: Novus, 1997.

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Lars-Gunnar, Larsson. Lapponica et Uralica: 100 jahre finnisch-ugrischer unterricht an der universität Uppsala : vorträge am jubiläumssymposium 20-23 April 1994. Uppsala: AUU, 1996.

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Aarnio, Eero J. Saamen kielen käyttäminen viranomaisissa: Tiivistelmä lausunnoista. Helsinki: [Oikeusministeriö], 1988.

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Aikio-Puoskari, Ulla. The Language rights of the indigenous Saami in Finland: Under domestic and international law. Rovaniemi, Finland: Northern Institute for Environmental and Minority Law, University of Lapland, 2001.

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Der samischen Einfluss auf die skandinavischen Sprachen: Ein Beitrag zur skandinavischen Sprachsgeschichte. Berlin: Nordeuropa-Institut der Humboldt-Universität, 2008.

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Svonni, Mikael. Samiska skolbarns samiska: En undersökning av minoritetspråksbehärskning i en språkbyteskontext. Umeå: Universitetet i Umeå, 1993.

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Sammallahti, Pekka. Sámi-Duiskka sátnegirji =: Saamisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Karasjok [Norway]: Davvi Girji os, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sampit language"

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Olguín Martínez, Jesús. "Chapter 14. A typological study of tail-head linkage constructions." In Discourse Phenomena in Typological Perspective, 403–32. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.227.14olg.

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This paper explores tail-head linkage constructions in a convenience sample of 58 languages. Special attention is paid to recapitulative constructions in which reported speech clauses are omitted and only the quotative verb is recapitulated and summary constructions composed of a light verb accompanied by a deictic and dependency marker. These strategies are more frequent in East Tucanoan languages in the sample. Interestingly, neighboring languages not genetically related to East Tucanoan have both strategies. It is proposed that the most obvious explanation seems to be language contact. This is because: (1) the languages are spoken in the same region, (2) they are not genetically related, and (3) the probability of chance resemblance is low given the rarity of the strategies.
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Mitchell, Alice, and Nicola Zimmermann. "Chapter 4. Mouths, tongues, and ears." In Culture and Language Use, 83–103. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/clu.23.04mit.

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This paper investigates words for ‘language’ and their possible source concepts in 130 African languages. Radden (2001) noted that words for ‘language’ almost always draw on more basic meanings and proposed a metonymic chain from (i) speech organs to (ii) speaking as activity to (iii) speech as “object” to (iv) language. Our sample provides additional evidence for these semantic pathways, showing that ‘tongue’ and ‘mouth’ are important source concepts for ‘language’ across Africa, as well as concepts relating to speech. After summarizing the survey results, we consider the novel extension ‘ear’ to ‘language’ in Datooga. While frequently attested metonymic processes point to widespread conceptualizations of language as embodied, we nonetheless find cultural variation in which aspects of speech behavior provide conceptual material for words for ‘language’.
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Wong, Anita Mei-Yin. "Grammatical Problems in Cantonese-Speaking Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD)." In Understanding Development and Disorder in Cantonese using Language Sample Analysis, 103–31. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367824013-4.

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Elstad, Eyvind. "The Long Road to Sámi Teacher Education." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 267–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26051-3_11.

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AbstractSápmi is the traditional term for the historical settlement area (the northern areas of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia) of the Indigenous people of this area, the Sámi. The school systems in Sápmi were imposed by Western educators and missionary workers in the eighteenth century. The road to a good Sámi school has had more than its fair share of obstacles, which is often a common experience at intersections between Indigenous peoples’ cultures and attempts by Western authorities to influence the mindsets and behaviour of Indigenous people. In the face of assimilation pressures, many Sámi lost their language and identity as a cultural minority. However, in the 1960s and 1970s, a new direction of Sámi education arose: the Norwegian, Swedish and Finnish education authorities decided that Sámi learners should have the opportunity to choose education in a Sámi language (of which there are several languages) in addition to receiving teaching in school subjects. Although the long road to Sámi teacher education has been a winding and tortuous path, today it is offered by two institutions (Sami University of applied sciences and Nord University). However, there are still challenges in obtaining enough teachers who have mastered Sámi languages.
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Angluin, Dana, Dana Fisman, and Yaara Shoval. "Polynomial Identification of $$\omega $$-Automata." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 325–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_20.

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Abstract We study identification in the limit using polynomial time and data for models of $$\omega $$-automata. On the negative side we show that non-deterministic $$\omega $$-automata (of types Büchi, coBüchi, Parity or Muller) can not be polynomially learned in the limit. On the positive side we show that the $$\omega $$-language classes $$\mathbb {IB}$$, $$\mathbb {IC}$$, $$\mathbb {IP}$$, and $$\mathbb {IM}$$ that are defined by deterministic Büchi, coBüchi, parity, and Muller acceptors that are isomorphic to their right-congruence automata (that is, the right congruences of languages in these classes are fully informative) are identifiable in the limit using polynomial time and data. We further show that for these classes a characteristic sample can be constructed in polynomial time.
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Toczyski, Piotr, Grzegorz Banerski, Cezary Biele, Jarosław Kowalski, and Michał B. Paradowski. "Google Translate Facilitates Conference Abstracts’ Acceptance, But Not Invitations to Deliver an Oral Presentation." In Digital Interaction and Machine Intelligence, 248–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11432-8_25.

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AbstractRemoving the language barrier could bring great benefits not only to the scientific community. Therefore, it is necessary to strive to improve both the tools and procedures in which these tools are used, to ensure a reliable exchange of knowledge. The authors try to find out whether the existing and widely available technology (Google Translate) contributes to the facilitation of knowledge sharing among scientists. Humanity has been trying to construct and improve the technology of universal real-time translation for a long time. For many, it was inspired by scifi works, in which, probably, this idea appeared already in the 1940s (see Leinster’s “First contact”). This is an important topic because the language of science has long since become English, and for most of the scientific community it is not the mother tongue. Furthermore, we are now talking about the English languages of the world, or “world Englishes”, not to mention those who say “the language of science is bad English”. The paper tells a story which on the one hand constitutes a thoughtful anecdote, on the other may offer a good introduction to a serious scientific study. As it stands now, the main argument for including it is the story itself, with which we encourage further studies to scale our ideas in terms of a broader sample and comparability.
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Constantin, Felicia, Anamaria-Mirabela Pop, and Monica-Ariana Sim. "Human Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence in Professional Translations — Redesigning the Translator Profession." In Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism, 239–47. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51038-0_27.

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AbstractHuman intelligence (HI) has used artificial intelligence (AI) in professional translations for many years. What has been so far a helpful tool for translators, turns out to be a formidable competitor. The article tackles the topic of the danger represented by the dramatic reconfiguration of a job, which risks losing much of its consistency, getting closer and closer to post-editing. HI and AI performances in the translator profession are approached from an economic perspective, setting as criteria for analysis the elements that define the price and survival on the market: source language, target language, type of document, content subject, delivery date, the volume of text to be translated, the competence of the translator, availability of the translator, capability to learn, costs, accuracy and risk of errors. The methodological analysis of a representative sample of different texts from the economic field translated into five foreign languages, reveals that the results provided by AI are fully acceptable and competitive with the versions generated by HI. In this context, the article warns about the need to rethink the training of translators and the sustainability of their activity in the economic market.
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Wong, Anita Mei-Yin. "Grammatical Analysis of Cantonese Samples." In Understanding Development and Disorder in Cantonese using Language Sample Analysis, 19–64. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367824013-2.

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Wong, Anita Mei-Yin. "The Development of Grammar in Cantonese-Speaking Preschool Children." In Understanding Development and Disorder in Cantonese using Language Sample Analysis, 65–102. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367824013-3.

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Wong, Anita Mei-Yin. "A Grammatical Overview of Cantonese." In Understanding Development and Disorder in Cantonese using Language Sample Analysis, 1–18. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367824013-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sampit language"

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Kurariya, Pavan, Prashant Chaudhary, Jahnavi Bodhankar, Lenali Singh, and Ajai Kumar. "Unveiling the Power of TAG Using Statistical Parsing for Natural Languages." In 4th International Conference on NLP Trends & Technologies. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.131407.

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The Revolution of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) has started when machines could decipher enigmatic symbols concealed within messages. Subsequently, with the progress of Natural Language Processing (NLP), machines attained the capacity to understand and comprehend human language. Tree Adjoining Grammar (TAG) has become powerful grammatical formalism for processing Large-scale Grammar. However, TAG mostly rely on Grammar which is created by Languages expert and due to structural ambiguity in Natural Languages computation complexity of TAG is very high o(n^6). We observed that rules-based approach has many serious flaws, firstly, language evolves with time and it is impossible to create grammar which is extensive enough to represent every structure of language in real world. Secondly, it takes too much time and language resources to develop a practical solution. These difficulties motivated us to explore an alternative approach instead of completely rely on the rule-based method. In this paper, we proposed a Statistical Parsing algorithm for Natural Languages (NL) using TAG formalism where Parser makes crucial use of data driven model for identifying Syntactic dependencies of complex structure. We observed that using probabilistic model along with limited training data can significantly improve both the quality and performance of TAG Parser. We also demonstrate that the newer parser outperforms previous rule-based parser on given sample corpus. Our experiment for many Indian Languages, also provides further support for the claim that above mentioned approach might be an awaiting solution for problem that require rich structural analysis of corpus and constructing syntactic dependencies of any Natural Language without much depending on manual process of creating grammar for same. Finally, we present result of our on-going research where probability model will be applying to appropriate selection of adjunction of any given node of elementary trees and state chart representations are shared across derivation.
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Smetanova, Eva, and Andrea Baranovska. "STORYTELLING AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING LANGUAGE ABILITIES AND SKILLS OF SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/s15.17.

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The research addresses the possibility of using storytelling in developing abilities and skills of bilingual children. The ability of children to read and listen with understanding in several languages is reflected in a positive sense in the development of their personality and language characteristics. In our research, we monitored the enlargement of a vocabulary range in different languages, the use of symbolic elements of speech compared to their age, and the use of other language devices on a research sample of six children. We also focused on whether a bilingual environment helps to develop overall communication competence and how this is reflected in the formation of personality traits and characteristics. The purpose of the research was also to determine the success of the storytelling method and the selection of images depending on the cultural background and age of the children. The results were significantly influenced by the cultural knowledge of images in one language and the possibility to use creativity when not recognizing them.
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Smetanova, Eva, and Andrea Baranovska. "STORYTELLING AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING LANGUAGE ABILITIES AND SKILLS OF SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/s11.17.

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The research addresses the possibility of using storytelling in developing abilities and skills of bilingual children. The ability of children to read and listen with understanding in several languages is reflected in a positive sense in the development of their personality and language characteristics. In our research, we monitored the enlargement of a vocabulary range in different languages, the use of symbolic elements of speech compared to their age, and the use of other language devices on a research sample of six children. We also focused on whether a bilingual environment helps to develop overall communication competence and how this is reflected in the formation of personality traits and characteristics. The purpose of the research was also to determine the success of the storytelling method and the selection of images depending on the cultural background and age of the children. The results were significantly influenced by the cultural knowledge of images in one language and the possibility to use creativity when not recognizing them.
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Farris, David, Chris White, and Sanjeev Khudanpur. "Sample selection for automatic language identification." In ICASSP 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4518587.

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Momcilovic, Nikoleta, and Dina Petrovic. "ONLINE DICTIONARIES IN LEARNING THE GERMAN LANGUAGE - STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-217.

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Intensive development of new media poses new challenges in learning and teaching foreign languages. A number of tools and online materials that support the development of language skills are available for university teachers and students. The emergence of online dictionaries significantly changed the translation process, which is for today's students faster, easier, and daily available on mobile devices such as phones, laptops, tablets. The main objective of this paper is to explore students' opinions about the use of online dictionaries for learning the German language. The research sample consists of students from the Faculty of Philosophy in Nis who study German as a second foreign language. A structured interview was used as an instrument for data collection; processing and data analysis was done by descriptive statistics. The results obtained confirm the initial hypothesis that the students use online dictionaries in learning the German language. The largest number of students used online dictionaries for translation of texts necessary for the preparation of examinations or tests, while a much smaller number of respondents use online dictionaries for the purpose of translating technical texts or materials that are not related to study purposes. The survey data show that students are informed about the benefits of using online dictionaries, such as speed, availability, better understanding, remembering new words for longer periods, as well as about the limitations relating to the lack of reliability, accuracy and precision. Conclusion is that online dictionaries are integral and indispensable part of learning foreign languages and that their use in the future most certainly will be on the rise. In this context, as the recommendation, the greater use of online vocabularies in foreign language teaching at universities is stated, which is in line with the requirements for the modernization of higher education.
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Dimitrov, Dimitar, and Ivaylo Penev. "DESIGN OF A TRAINING COMPILER FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LANGUAGE PROCESSORS LEARNING." In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-077.

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The paper presents the design of a training compiler which is developed for the purposes of education in compilers and language processors in computer science courses. The presented compiler has the following main advantages compared to known training compilers used in various universities - a simplified modular structure and the building of an explicit abstract syntactic tree of the input program. The modules in the compiler structure are lexical analyzer, syntactic analyzer, semantic analyzer and code generator. This separation allows students to effectively study the main stages of compilation - lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis and code generation. Building and visualizing an explicit abstract syntax tree helps students to understand the translation of the program into the compiler's front-end and make the transition to the compiler's back-end. The compiler translates a program written in a high-level language into virtual machine code. An interpreter to execute the generated virtual machine code is also presented. The presented design is compared to other known training compilers used in various university courses. The input language is procedurally oriented and is a subset of the C and Java languages, which makes it easier for students to use it. Language has enough resources to solve many practical problems. The input program for the compiler is a sequence of definitions of variables and functions. The language of the training compiler is strongly typed. Variables, constants and expressions are related to a specific type. Input-output operations require a certain type of arguments, arithmetic-logical operations are defined for specific types of arguments and type of returned result. At the end of the paper are presented the results of the work of the training compiler in translating a sample input program to code for a virtual machine. The results demonstrate the output of each compiler module - a token stream, an abstract syntax tree, and a set of virtual machine instructions. The structure of the presented training compiler can be used for different input languages in training on compilers and language processors.
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Dittmer, Howard, and Xiaoping Jia. "Code Generation based on Controlled Natural Language Input." In 8th International Conference on Software Engineering. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.131201.

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Over time the level of abstraction embodied in programming languages has continued to grow. However, most programming languages still require programmers to conform to rigid constructs. These constructs have been implemented in the name of efficiency for the computer. The continual increase in computing power allows us to consider techniques not so limited. To this end, we have created CABERNET, a Controlled Natural Language (CNL) based approach to program creation. CABERNET allows programmers to use an outline-based syntax. Using heuristics and inference to analyze and determine the programmer’s intent, this tool chain can create mobile applications. Using templates, a CABERNET application can be processed to run on multiple run-time environments. Since processing a CABERNET program file results in a native application, performance is maintained. In this paper, we compared sample applications created in Swift, SwiftUI, and CABERNET. The CABERNET implementations were consistently shorter than those produced in the other two languages. In addition, users surveyed consistently found CABERNET easier to understand
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Kovacs, L., and P. Barabas. "Implementation of sentence parser for Hungarian language in natural language processing." In 2010 IEEE 8th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sami.2010.5423767.

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Gao, Jianfeng, Hao Yu, Wei Yuan, and Peng Xu. "Minimum sample risk methods for language modeling." In the conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1220575.1220602.

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Raina, Vyas, and Mark Gales. "Sample Attackability in Natural Language Adversarial Attacks." In Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Trustworthy Natural Language Processing (TrustNLP 2023). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.trustnlp-1.9.

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Reports on the topic "Sampit language"

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Stills, Morgan. Language Sample Length Effects on Various Lexical Diversity Measures: An Analysis of Spanish Language Samples from Children. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.250.

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Adris Saaed, Saaed, and Wafaa Sabah Khuder. The Language of the People of Bashiqa: A Vehicle of their Intangible Cultural Heritage. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.003.

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The current study is an attempt to provide a linguistic, a historical, as well as a sociocultural record of the language variety spoken in Bashiqa (Northern Iraq) by one of the communities which represents a religious minority in Iraq known as Yazidis. This language is an example of an under-researched language diversity. This research draws on a sample of eleven in-depth semi-structured interviews with Yezidi men and women from Bashiqa, Iraq. The analysis of these interviews has yielded a number of points which help in documenting and preserving this language variety. The study concludes that the language used in Bashiqa is an ancient hybrid regional dialect in which many values and meanings are embedded. In short, the Yazidis understand their language as a vehicle of their intangible cultural heritage.
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Meghir, Costas, Orazio P. Attanasio, Natalia Varela, Sally Grantham-McGregor, and Marta Rubio-Codina. The Socio-Economic Gradient of Child Development: Cross-Sectional Evidence from Children 6-42 Months In Bogota. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011641.

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We study the socio-economic gradient of child development on a representative sample of low- and middle-income children aged 6-42 months in Bogota, using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, a high quality test based on direct observation of the child's abilities. We find a statistically significant difference between children in the 90th and 10th percentile of the wealth distribution in our sample of 0.33 standard deviations (SD) in cognition, 0.29 SD in receptive language and 0.38 SD in expressive language at 14 months. The socio-economic gap increases substantially with age to 1 SD (cognition), 0.80 SD (receptive language) and 0.69 SD (expressivelanguage) by 42 months. While the gap persists after controlling for mediating factors such as parental and biomedical characteristics, the level of stimulation in the home, and the quality of the institutional care setting; its size is significantly reduced by variables related to the home environment i.e. parental investments in care quantity and quality. These findings have important implications for the design of well-targeted, effective and timely interventions that promote early childhood development.
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Goodwin, Sarah, Yigal Attali, Geoffrey LaFlair, Yena Park, Andrew Runge, Alina von Davier, and Kevin Yancey. Duolingo English Test - Writing Construct. Duolingo, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46999/arxn5612.

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Assessments, especially those used for high-stakes decision making, draw on evidence-based frameworks. Such frameworks inform every aspect of the testing process, from development to results reporting. The frameworks that language assessment professionals use draw on theory in language learning, assessment design, and measurement and psychometrics in order to provide underpinnings for the evaluation of language skills including speaking, writing, reading, and listening. This paper focuses on the construct, or underlying trait, of writing ability. The paper conceptualizes the writing construct for the Duolingo English Test, a digital-first assessment. “Digital-first” includes technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, with human expert involvement, throughout all item development, test scoring, and security processes. This work is situated in the Burstein et al. (2022) theoretical ecosystem for digital-first assessment, the first representation of its kind that incorporates design, validation/measurement, and security all situated directly in assessment practices that are digital first. The paper first provides background information about the Duolingo English Test and then defines the writing construct, including the purposes for writing. It also introduces principles underpinning the design of writing items and illustrates sample items that assess the writing construct.
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Zhao, Qing, and Lili Zhou. Culture, sex, and their combined impact on self-report empathy—Meta-analyses. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0172.

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Condition being studied: The current meta-analysis covers empirical investigations of self-report empathy (evaluated using the EQ and the IRI scales) based on different populations. Studies with general populations and physical/mental clinical populations were included. Both cross-cultural and non-cross-cultural studies (studies based on a single cultural background) were considered. Eligibility criteria: We restricted our current meta-analysis to studies that satisfied all of the following criteria: (1) studies evaluated participants’ self-report empathy using the EQ or the IRI; (2) studies reported the EQ and IRI version (i.e., scale item number and language); (3) studies reported the EQ and IRI total or subscale scores (e.g., mean and SD) based on the overall sample or both sex groups separately. (4) studies reported participants’ cultural backgrounds (e.g., country of origin, nationality, ethnicity, and language).
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Campoli, Ayana, and Linda Darling-Hammond. Principal learning opportunities and school outcomes: Evidence from California. Learning Policy Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/438.376.

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This study looks at the relationship between principals’ learning opportunities (both preservice preparation and in-service professional development) and key outcomes for the teachers and students in their schools. It examines both teacher retention and student achievement gains in English language arts and mathematics. It offers a new perspective on the efficacy of professional learning by using detailed data from a large, representative sample of principals directly linked to individual-level information from the teachers and students in their schools.
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Abufhele, Alejandra, David Bravo, Florencia Lopez-Boo, and Pamela Soto-Ramirez. Developmental losses in young children from pre-primary program closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003920.

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The learning and developmental losses from pre-primary program closures due to COVID-19 may be unprecedented. These disruptions early in life, when the brain is more sensitive to environmental changes, can be long-lasting. Although there is evidence about the effects of school closures on older children, there is currently no evidence on such losses for children in their early years. This paper is among the first to quantify the actual impact of pandemic-related closures on child development, in this case for a sample of young children in Chile, where school and childcare closures lasted for about a year. We use a unique dataset collected face-to-face in December 2020, which includes child development indicators for general development, language development, social-emotional development, and executive function. We are able to use a first difference strategy because Chile has a history of collecting longitudinal data on children as part of their national social policies monitoring strategy. This allows us to construct a valid comparison group from the 2017 longitudinal data. We find adverse impacts on children in 2020 compared to children interviewed in 2017 in most development areas. In particular, nine months after the start of the pandemic, we find a loss in language development of 0.25 SDs. This is equivalent to the impact on a childs language development of having a mother with approximately five years less education. Timely policies are needed to mitigate these enormous losses.
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Brenzel, Jeffrey, and Burr Settles. The Duolingo English Test: Design, Validity, and Value. Duolingo, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.46999/lyqs3238.

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Colleges, universities, and secondary schools around the world are using the Duolingo English Test (DET) as a new way to assess English language proficiency. The DET offers many advantages to admissions offices and applicants: on-demand accessibility, low cost, remote test proctoring, and rapid score reporting, as well as an integrated video interview and writing sample. The DET also looks and functions differently from other proficiency tests, which raises an obvious question. If DET item types and administration differ from those used on other large scale tests like the TOEFL® or IELTS®, can DET test scores be used in the same way as the scores from those instruments?
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Armas, Elvira, Magaly Lavadenz, and Laurie Olsen. Falling Short on The Promise to English Learners: A Report on Year One LCAPs. Center for Equity for English Learners, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.lcap2015.2.

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California’s Local Control Funding Formula was signed into law in California in 2013 and allowed districts the flexibility to meet their student needs in locally appropriate manners. One year after its implementation, a panel of 26 reviewers, including educators, English Learner (EL) advocates, and legal services staff reviewed the Local Control and Accountability Plans (LCAPs) to understand how districts employ this flexibility to address the needs of ELs. The report uses the English Learner Research-Aligned LCAP Rubrics with 10 focus areas, and reviews sample LCAPs from 29 districts, including districts with the highest numbers/percentages of English Learners in the state, districts representative of California’s geographic Regions, and districts providing quality EL services. The review centers around four questions of the extent to which first-year LCAPs: (1) specify goals and identify outcomes for ELs, (2) identify action steps and allocate funds for increased or improved services for all types of ELs, (3) reflect research-based practices for achieving language proficiency and academic achievement for English Learners in their actions, programs and services, and (4) are designed and implemented with EL parent input as reflected in stakeholder engagement. The results indicate that overall, the LCAP is inadequate as part of the state’s public accountability system in ensuring equity and access for ELs. Six key findings were: (1) difficulty in discerning funding allocations related to EL services and programs; (2) inability to identify districts’ plans for increased services for ELs; (3) lack of explicitly specified services and programs aligned to EL needs; (4) weak approach or missing English Language Development (ELD) or implementation of ELD standards in most LCAPs; (5) weak/inconsistent representation of EL parent engagement; and (6) lack of EL student outcome measures. The authors also present detailed findings for each focus topic and offer district and state level recommendations.
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Tan, Li, Qiong Liu, Yun Chen, Ya-Qiong Zhao, Jie Zhao, Marie Aimee Dusenge, Yao Feng, et al. Efficacy of sonic activation techniques on tubular dentin sealer penetration：A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0116.

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Review question / Objective: Is sonic activation techniques more effective than conventional needle irrigation for the tubular dentin sealer penetration. The included study was a randomized controlled trial. Eligibility criteria: A comprehensive search was conducted for all published studies evaluating efficacy of percentage and maximum depth of sealer penetration, following the use of SI and standardized irrigants (NaOCl and EDTA). Because this can hardly be measured clinically, only confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies were selected owing to wide use of this methodology for evaluating tubular dentin sealer penetration. The studies using previously filled roots or animal teeth, artificial debris, and plastic blocks, and studies measuring the penetration of tubular dentin sealers in lateral root canals, isthmus, or artificial grooves were excluded to maintain the standardized sample selecting and measuring (Virdee et al. 2018). The search was limited to articles published between January 2000 and June 2022 to ensure conclusions were drawn from contemporary data. There are no language restrictions on filtering articles to ensure the integrity of included data.
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