Academic literature on the topic 'SAMDI MS'
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Journal articles on the topic "SAMDI MS"
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VanderPorten, Erica C., Michael D. Scholle, John Sherrill, John C. Tran, and Yichin Liu. "Identification of Small-Molecule Noncovalent Binders Utilizing SAMDI Technology." SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 22, no. 10 (June 5, 2017): 1211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472555217712761.
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In recent years, the ability to unambiguously identify complex mixtures of analytes with high accuracy and resolving power in a label-free format continues to expand the application of mass spectrometry (MS) in the drug discovery process. This advantage combined with improved instrumentation makes MS suitable for targets with limited alternative assays for high-throughput screening (HTS). We describe a novel screening format using Self-Assembled Monolayers and matrix-assisted laser Desorption Ionization (SAMDI) technology. SAMDI enables affinity capture of a target protein for use in a small-molecule–binding assay format. Subsequent ionization enables the inferred identification of noncovalent compound interactions. SAMDI technology overcomes shot-to-shot variability by uniformly saturating the surface with captured protein, thereby minimizing matrix crystallization “hot spots.” Furthermore, the combination with high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight significantly reduces interference of small-molecule detection from salt, detergent, and matrix. By using a pooled library format, the SAMDI assay can significantly improve the throughput of MS-based screening irrespective of enzyme activity. Finally, we demonstrate binding affinity rank ordering from a pool of compounds that correlates with potency data from a biochemical assay.
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Scholle, Michael D., Doug McLaughlin, and Zachary A. Gurard-Levin. "High-Throughput Affinity Selection Mass Spectrometry Using SAMDI-MS to Identify Small-Molecule Binders of the Human Rhinovirus 3C Protease." SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 26, no. 8 (June 19, 2021): 974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24725552211023211.
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Affinity selection mass spectrometry (ASMS) has emerged as a powerful high-throughput screening tool used in drug discovery to identify novel ligands against therapeutic targets. This report describes the first high-throughput screen using a novel self-assembled monolayer desorption ionization (SAMDI)–ASMS methodology to reveal ligands for the human rhinovirus 3C (HRV3C) protease. The approach combines self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry (MS), a technique termed SAMDI-ASMS. The primary screen of more than 100,000 compounds in pools of 8 compounds per well was completed in less than 8 h, and informs on the binding potential and selectivity of each compound. Initial hits were confirmed in follow-up SAMDI-ASMS experiments in single-concentration and dose–response curves. The ligands identified by SAMDI-ASMS were further validated using differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and in functional protease assays against HRV3C and the related SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro enzyme. SAMDI-ASMS offers key benefits for drug discovery over traditional ASMS approaches, including the high-throughput workflow and readout, minimizing compound misbehavior by using smaller compound pools, and up to a 50-fold reduction in reagent consumption. The flexibility of this novel technology opens avenues for high-throughput ASMS assays of any target, thereby accelerating drug discovery for diverse diseases.
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Patel, Kaushal, John Sherrill, Milan Mrksich, and Michael D. Scholle. "Discovery of SIRT3 Inhibitors Using SAMDI Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 20, no. 7 (May 29, 2015): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057115588512.
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Lysine acetylation plays a critical role in cellular regulation and is implicated in human disease. Sirtuin deacetylases remove acetyl groups from modified lysine residues, and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) has been identified as a target for cancer therapeutics. Robust and high-throughput screening methods for these targets will be important to the development of therapeutics. This article describes the use of self-assembled monolayer desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, or SAMDI-MS—a label-free drug discovery tool—to characterize SIRT3 activity and discover inhibitors. SAMDI-MS was used to analyze a peptide array having 361 distinct acetylated peptides to identify an active SIRT3 substrate (GYKAcRGC). This peptide was used in a screen of 100,000 small molecules to identify inhibitors of SIRT3. A total of 306 SIRT3 inhibitors were identified, with one compound, SDX-437, having an IC50 of 700 nM with >100-fold selectivity for SIRT3 over SIRT1.
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Grant, Jennifer, Patrick T. O’Kane, Blaise R. Kimmel, and Milan Mrksich. "Using Microfluidics and Imaging SAMDI-MS To Characterize Reaction Kinetics." ACS Central Science 5, no. 3 (February 12, 2019): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.8b00867.
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Techner, José-Marc, Weston Kightlinger, Liang Lin, Jasmine Hershewe, Ashvita Ramesh, Matthew P. DeLisa, Michael C. Jewett, and Milan Mrksich. "High-Throughput Synthesis and Analysis of Intact Glycoproteins Using SAMDI-MS." Analytical Chemistry 92, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 1963–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04334.
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Bayly, Alison A., Benjamin R. McDonald, Milan Mrksich, and Karl A. Scheidt. "High-throughput photocapture approach for reaction discovery." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 24 (June 1, 2020): 13261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003347117.
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Modern organic reaction discovery and development relies on the rapid assessment of large arrays of hypothesis-driven experiments. The time-intensive nature of reaction analysis presents the greatest practical barrier for the execution of this iterative process that underpins the development of new bioactive agents. Toward addressing this critical bottleneck, we report herein a high-throughput analysis (HTA) method of reaction mixtures by photocapture on a 384-spot diazirine-terminated self-assembled monolayer, and self-assembled monolayers for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SAMDI-MS) analysis. This analytical platform has been applied to the identification of a single-electron-promoted reductive coupling of acyl azolium species.
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O’Kane, Patrick T., Quentin M. Dudley, Aislinn K. McMillan, Michael C. Jewett, and Milan Mrksich. "High-throughput mapping of CoA metabolites by SAMDI-MS to optimize the cell-free biosynthesis of HMG-CoA." Science Advances 5, no. 6 (June 2019): eaaw9180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw9180.
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Metabolic engineering uses enzymes to produce small molecules with industrial, pharmaceutical, and energy applications. However, efforts to optimize enzymatic pathways for commercial production are limited by the throughput of assays for quantifying metabolic intermediates and end products. We developed a multiplexed method for profiling CoA-dependent pathways that uses a cysteine-terminated peptide to covalently capture CoA-bound metabolites. Captured metabolites are then rapidly separated from the complex mixture by immobilization onto arrays of self-assembled monolayers and directly quantified by SAMDI mass spectrometry. We demonstrate the throughput of the assay by characterizing the cell-free synthesis of HMG-CoA, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids, collecting over 10,000 individual spectra to map more than 800 unique reaction conditions. We anticipate that our rapid and robust analytical method will accelerate efforts to engineer metabolic pathways.
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Scholle, Michael D., Patrick T. O'Kane, Sandra Dib, and Zachary A. Gurard-Levin. "Label-free duplex SAMDI-MS screen reveals novel SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors." Antiviral Research 200 (April 2022): 105279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105279.
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Roth, Michael J., Jaekuk Kim, Erica M. Maresh, Daniel A. Plymire, John R. Corbett, Junmei Zhang, and Steven M. Patrie. "Thin-Layer Matrix Sublimation with Vapor-Sorption Induced Co-Crystallization for Sensitive and Reproducible SAMDI-TOF MS Analysis of Protein Biosensors." Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 23, no. 10 (July 31, 2012): 1661–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13361-012-0442-7.
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Wu, Ching-Yi, Kai-Chieh Lee, Yen-Ling Kuo, and Yu-Chie Chen. "Revisiting the quantitative features of surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2079 (October 28, 2016): 20150379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0379.
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Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is frequently used to analyse small organics owing to its clean background. Inorganic materials can be used as energy absorbers and the transfer medium to facilitate the desorption/ionization of analytes; thus, they are used as SALDI-assisting materials. Many studies have demonstrated the usefulness of SALDI-MS in quantitative analysis of small organics. However, some characteristics occurring in SALDI-MS require certain attention to ensure the reliability of the quantitative analysis results. The appearance of a coffee-ring effect in SALDI sample preparation is the primary factor that can affect quantitative SALDI-MS analysis results. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports relating to quantitative SALDI-MS analysis that discuss or consider this effect. In this study, the coffee-ring effect is discussed using nanoparticles and nanostructured substrates as SALDI-assisting materials to show how this effect influences SALDI-MS analysis results. Potential solutions for overcoming the existing problems are also suggested. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Quantitative mass spectrometry’.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SAMDI MS"
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COGHI, MARIA DONATA. "Samdi mass spectrometry for high yield protein modification reaction development." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/50887.
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Efficient chemical strategies that attach synthetic molecules to desired positions on protein surfaces are useful tools in the field of chemical biology and represent one major prerequisite for the development of new drugs and materials. Protein modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups is indeed routinely performed on therapeutic proteins to improve serum half-life, or even cytotoxins or imaging agents are efficiently conjugated to cancer-targeting elements. In a typical approach, a synthetic functional group of interest is attached to a uniquely reactive amino acid group introduced by recombinant methods. Most bioconjugation reactions, however, do not reach full conversion. Therefore the development of a straightforward and reliable method to increase the extent of conversion into bioconjugates would be very helpful. In this perspective, we developed a generalizable combinatorial peptide library screening platform suitable for the identification of sequences displaying high levels of reactivity toward a desired bioconjugation reaction. This was achieved by using SAMDI MS technique (Self-Assembled Monolayer and Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry) as a new, efficient and simple method for the evaluation of highly reactive amino acid motifs. The bioconjugation reaction we selected is the oxidative modification of electron-rich tyrosine residues performed using cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) as oxidant reagent. The peptides were identified on a 361-member hexapeptide array, wherein the two N- and C-terminal residues to the target residue were varied. The arrays were prepared by immobilizing the peptides to a self-assembled monolayer of alkanethiolates on gold and could therefore be analyzed by mass spectrometry. We found that the most reactive peptides had either a serine N-terminal to the tyrosine residue or another tyrosine in proximity of the reactive site. Conversely, peptides displaying the lowest conversion level contained a positive charged residue: histidine, lysine or arginine, where the lowest relative activity was reached with arginine and leucine as C- and N- terminal residues, respectively. This study provides an important example of how synthetic peptide libraries can accelerate the discovery and optimization of protein bioconjugation strategies.
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Zhen, Liu [Verfasser]. "Novel approaches for quantitative analysis of small biomolecules in MALDI-MS and SALDI-MS / Liu Zhen." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219904481/34.
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Iakab, Stefania-Alexandra. "Gold-Coated Black Silicon Nanostructured Surfaces for SERS and SALDI-MS Multimodal Imaging of Biological Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672198.
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La caracterització in situ de la composició molecular dels teixits biològics és indispensable en la investigació clínica, farmacèutica i forense. Les tècniques d’imatge molecular, com l’espectrometria de masses d’imatge i les imatges per espectroscòpia Raman, empren materials nanoestructurats per abordar reptes com la baixa sensibilitat, l’especificitat i la resolució lateral. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és dissenyar, fabricar, avaluar i aplicar un substrat nanoestructurat basat en or i silici (que denominem “AuBSi”) compatible amb aplicacions d’espectrometria de masses d’imatges per desorció/ionització per làser assistides per superfície (SALDI-MS) i espectroscòpia Raman intensificada per superfície (SERS). Els resultats demostren que el substrat AuBSi és reproduïble, fàcil de fer servir, rendible i altament fiable. Assegura una fàcil preparació de la mostra i és totalment compatible amb les dues modalitats d’imatge, cosa que permet un enfocament veritablement multimodal. Mostrem que hi ha una unificació entre els formats de dades SALDI i SERS que permet la integració completa del flux de treball de processament d’imatges i el co-registre d’imatges.. S’han provat les capacitats d’obtenció d’imatges del substrat AuBSi en diverses solucions d’estàndards, seccions histològiques de teixit animal (fetge, ronyó i cervell de ratolí) i empremtes dactilars. L’anàlisi multimodal d’empremtes dactilars va destacar les excel·lents capacitats del substrat per acoblar imatges SALDI i SERS, alhora que s’aconsegueix pal·liar les limitacions de cada tècnica. Així doncs, el substrat AuBSi desenvolupat en aquesta tesi facilita els estudis de metabolòmica in situ dirigits i/o no dirigits per a diversos camp com la investigació clínica, medioambiental, forense i farmacèutica.La caracterización in situ de la composición molecular de los tejidos biológicos es indispensable en la investigación clínica, farmacéutica y forense. Las técnicas de imagen molecular, como la espectrometría de masas de imagen y las imágenes por espectroscopia Raman, emplean materiales nanoestructurados para abordar desafíos como la baja sensibilidad, la especificidad y la resolución lateral. El objetivo de esta tesis es diseñar, fabricar, evaluar y aplicar un sustrato nanoestructurado basado en oro y silicio (que denominamos “AuBSi”) compatible con aplicaciones de espectrometría de masas de imágenes por desorción / ionización por láser asistidas por superficie (SALDI-MS) y espectroscopía Raman intensificada por superficie (SERS). Los resultados demuestran que el sustrato AuBSi es reproducible, fácil de usar, rentable y altamente confiable. Garantiza una fácil preparación de la muestra y es totalmente compatible con ambas modalidades de imagen, lo que permite un enfoque verdaderamente multimodal. Mostramos que existe una unificación entre los formatos de datos SALDI y SERS, que permite la integración completa del flujo de trabajo de procesamiento de imágenes y el coregistro de imágenes.Se han probado las capacidades de obtención de imágenes del sustrato AuBSi en varias soluciones de estándares, secciones histológicas de tejido animal (hígado, riñón y cerebro de ratón) y huellas dactilares. El análisis multimodal de huellas dactilares destacó las excelentes capacidades del sustrato para acoplar imágenes SALDI y SERS, al tiempo que se consiguen paliar las limitaciones de cada técnica. Así, el sustrato AuBSi desarrollado en esta tesis facilita los estudios de metabolómica in situ dirigidos y / o no dirigidos para diversos campos como la investigación clínica, medioambiental, forense y farmacéutica.
Characterising in situ the molecular composition of biological tissues is an indispensable tool in clinical, pharmaceutical and forensic research. Imaging modalities such as mass spectrometry imaging and Raman spectroscopy imaging employ nanostructured materials for addressing challenges such as low sensitivity, specificity and lateral resolution. The aim of this thesis is to design, fabricate, evaluate and apply a gold- and silicon-based nanostructured substrate (named AuBSi) compatible with surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) imaging applications. Results demonstrate that the AuBSi substrate is reproducible, user-friendly, cost effective and highly reliable. It ensures easy sample preparation and is fully compatible with both imaging modalities, enabling a genuine multimodal approach. We show that there is a unification between SALDI and SERS data formats that allows the full integration of the image processing workflow and the straightforward coregistration of images. We tested the imaging capabilities of the AuBSi on several standard solutions, animal tissue sections (mouse liver, kidney and brain) and fingerprints. The multimodal analysis of fingerprints highlighted the excellent capabilities of the substrate to couple SALDI and SERS imaging, while dealing with the challenges of each technique. Thus, the AuBSi substrate developed in this thesis facilitates targeted and/or untargeted in situ metabolomics studies for various fields such as clinical, environmental, forensics, and pharmaceutical research.
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Amini, Nahid. "Novel Solid Phase Extraction and Mass Spectrometry Approaches to Multicomponent Analyses in Complex Matrices." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för analytisk kemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-38625.
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Analysis of compounds present in complex matrices is always a challenge, which can be partly overcome by applying various sample preparation techniques prior to detection. Ideally, the extraction techniques should be as selective as possible, to minimize the concentration of interfering substances. In addition, results can be improved by efficient chromatographic separation of the sample components. The elimination of interfering substances is especially important when utilizing mass spectrometry (MS) as a detection technique since they influence the ionization yields. It is also important to optimize ionization methods in order to minimize detection limits. In the work this thesis is based upon, selective solid phase extraction (SPE) materials, a restricted access material (RAM) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) were employed for clean up and/or pre-concentration of analytes in plasma, urine and agricultural drainage water prior to liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Two SPE formats, in which GCB was incorporated in µ-traps and disks, were developed for cleaning up small and large volume samples, respectively. In addition, techniques based on use of sub-2 µm C18 particles at elevated temperatures and a linear ion trap (LIT) mass spectrometer were developed to improve the efficiency of LC separation and sensitivity of detection of 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) metabolites in human urine. It was also found that GCB can serve not only as a SPE sorbent, but also as a valuable surface for surface-assisted laser desorption ionization (SALDI) of small molecules. The dual functionality of GCB was utilized in a combined screening-identification/quantification procedure for fast elimination of negative samples. This may be particularly useful when processing large numbers of samples. SALDI analyses of small molecules was further investigated and improved by employing two kinds of new surfaces: oxidized GCB nanoparticles and silicon nitride.
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Böhmová, Eva. "Využití nanokompozitů jako povrchů pro SALDI-MS." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-279573.
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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a soft ionization method used in mass spectrometry that is important for the analysis of biomolecules and large synthetic molecules. However, it is difficult to use MALDI for the analysis of small molecules because the matrix ions interfere with their analysis. Several surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry methods have been developed as a solution to this problem. In this thesis, polylactide (PLA) nanocomposites containing halloysite nanoclay, hydroxyapatite, magnesium oxide, montmorillonite nanoclay, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, titanium dioxide, and graphitized carbon black (GCB) nanoparticles were examined as surfaces for SALDI. The intensities of the signals of three human medicines: acebutolol, carbamazepine, and propranolol, obtained from these surfaces were compared to the signal intensities obtained from stainless steel MALDI plate without use of any matrix. The signal intensity was only enhanced when nanocomposites containing 30% GCB, 10% silicon nitride, and 10% titanium dioxide nanoparticles and analytes in concentration of 150 ppm were used. These results, together with the fact that PLA is a biodegradable polymer and can be obtained from renewable resources, make these materials potential...
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Alsuhaymi, Shuruq. "Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Four Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars from Saudi Arabia and Tunisia Using LC-MS and GC–MS Analysis." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/670187.
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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a fruit-bearing tree with numerous potential sustainable applications. Since ancient times, it has been considered a stable, secure, and sustainable food. This work provides comprehensive metabolic profiling of both parts, flesh and seed, of four P. dactylifera cultivars; Ajwa, Anbara, Sukkari, and Degelt Nour, which originated from two countries, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia.
The analysis performed using mass spectrometry-untargeted metabolomics approaches, included a combination of LC-MS and GC-MS coupled to multivariate statistical analysis to reveal the differences in metabolite compositions among date varieties. The LC-MS seed results showed several classes of metabolites that belong to the flavonoids, phenolic acids, and amino acids derivatives, including citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, hydroxyadipic acid, caffeic acid, which were at high concentrations in AJS followed by DNS and ARS. The LC-MS flesh analysis displayed that DNF had a high level of Isoquercitrin (flavonoid compound) and sinapic acid, and AJF was high concentrations level in hydroxyadipic acid and ascorbic acid. GC-MS concluded that seed samples of four date varieties are richer in metabolites classes than the flesh samples. The metabolites contributed to the seed metabolite compositions included several classes of amino acids, hydrocinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids), antioxidant phenolics, and long-chain fatty acids. The PCA and its loading analysis demonstrated the discriminating metabolites that were responsible for date varieties segregation, as HCA displayed the metabolic patterns and groups of metabolites that drive the clustering of the date samples, two groups of dates clustered together (AR and AJ) and (SR and DN). These clusterings are based on the similarities and differences observed in the metabolite compositions of the studied date samples that could be explained by differences in various metabolic responses and the environmental conditions, genotypes and geographical regions. This extensive date palm information would increase the potential of date fruits and seeds as low-cost sources of natural diet that may provide nutritious and bioactive components in the food and pharmaceutical fields to produce value-added products.
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Finkel, Nancy Hawkins. "Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) of controlled nanopore cavities and the associated thermal properties." 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07202005-135422/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "SAMDI MS"
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Liu, Qiang, Yongsheng Xiao, and Lin He. "Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules Using Matrix-Enhanced Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ME-SALDI-MS)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 243–52. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-746-4_14.
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Brown, Victoria L., Qiang Liu, and Lin He. "Matrix-Enhanced Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ME-SALDI-MS) for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 175–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1357-2_17.
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"Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review body, Ms. Irene Young of Hong Kong, China, at the Trade Policy Review of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 4 and 6 April 2016." In Trade Policy Reviews, 7–8. WTO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30875/a5c3a574-en.
Full textConference papers on the topic "SAMDI MS"
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AL-Quadeib, Bushra T., Mahasen A. Radwan, Lidija Siller, Elaine Mutch, Ben Horrocks, and Abdulaziz Alshaer. "Therapeutic Monitoring of Amphotericin B in Saudi ICU Patients using HUPLC MS/MS Assay." In Annual International Conference on Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacology. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2345-783x_pharma13.38.
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Kalam, Shams, Sidqi A. Abu-Khamsin, Muhammad Shahzad Kamal, Shirish Patil, Syed Muhammad Shakil Hussain, Emad W. Al Shalabi, and Anas Mohammed Hassan. "A New Strategy to Minimize the Surfactant Adsorption on Saudi Carbonate." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211434-ms.
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Abstract Surfactants play a vital role in chemical enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) to improve oil production by lowering the oil-water interfacial tension and/or altering the rock wettability. However, surfactant adsorption has been a great challenge. The quantity of surfactant loss by adsorption on a rock directly influences a cEOR project’s economics. Therefore, surfactant adsorption minimization is an important area of interest, which is investigated in this paper. Saudi carbonate rock (outcrop) was tested with a novel in-house synthesized cationic Gemini surfactant to quantify surfactant adsorption. This novel surfactant is compatible with high salinity and high-temperature environment. Rock characterization was performed first using XRD and SEM analyses, while the point of zero charge of Saudi carbonate was found using the pH drift method. Static adsorption tests were conducted using powdered rock sample and run for 24 hours to achieve the equilibration time. The material balance method was used to determine surfactant adsorption. High-performance liquid chromatography along with an evaporative light scattering detector was utilized to quantify the remaining surfactant concentration post-adsorption. Adsorption isotherm modeling was also performed to investigate the adsorption mechanism. Rock characterization results showed that Saudi carbonate contains mainly dolomite along with some impurities like quartz and clay minerals. The point of zero charge of Saudi carbonate determined using the pH drift method was around 10. The static adsorption tests were conducted on both pure and Saudi dolomites to investigate the influence of impurities. It was found that the presence of quartz and clay particles significantly impacts the degree of surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonates. A high adsorption of the novel Gemini surfactant used was obtained on Saudi carbonate (8.2 mg/g-rock). A powerful chelating agent made from natural, biodegradable, and renewable material was added to the surfactant solution to check its impact. The surfactant adsorption was significantly decreased using low pH chelating agent (5.8 mg/g-rock). It is proposed that low pH chelating agent renders the overall rock surface more positive and results in electrostatic repulsion between like charges of rock and surfactant. Therefore, the addition of a small quantity of the investigated chelating agent to the surfactant solution helps in reducing the cationic Gemini surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonate. This study reports a novel strategy to minimize surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonate through the use of an environmentally friendly and low-cost chelating agent, which will help in designing future chemical EOR projects.
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Alanazi, Abdullah Mohammed, Naif Radhyan Almutairi, Abdullah Ahmed Aseery, Salah M. S. Al Buraiky, Amani M. Rafie, and Abdullah Abdulrahman Alrumaih. "Private 5G Practice in Oil and Gas Industry." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210975-ms.
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Abstract The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has taken active steps to adopt cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Cloud, 5G, 3D printing, robotics and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to drive domestic value creation, improve localization, and maximize long-term economic growth and diversification. This is accelerating the digital transformation across many sectors such as energy, mining and logistics, tourism and culture and education, and advancing their business operation activities. Saudi Aramco, a world leader in hydrocarbons exploration, production, refining, distribution and marketing, and one of the world's largest exporters of crude oil and natural gas liquids, has always been at the forefront of technologies and continuously invested in digital transformation to maintain our competitiveness. We have realized that 5G plays a pivotal role in bringing all emerging technologies such as advanced analytics, intelligent sensing, mobility, and robotics as part of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 synergy. In January 2021, Saudi Aramco, stc, and Huawei signed a MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) to launch a joint innovation program for 5G and explore 5G assisted technologies for specific oil and gas (O&G) industry applications. Private 5G is a promised technology to enable digital transformation at Oil and Gas Facilities due to its unique capabilities. The deployment options for private 5G at enterprise, similar to Saudi Aramco case, could be Leased from Service Provider, Fully Owned by the Enterprise, or Hybrid Model. This report is focusing on the implementation of the third deployment model; Hybrid model, Network-Shared RAN & Control Plane, with the service provider, that was implemented in collaborations with STC and their network provider Huawei at Abqaiq plant. Private 5G deployment at Saudi Aramco has introduced eight (8) use cases related to safety, security, and plant operation. The use cases were selected collectively by several organizations within Saudi Aramco including Industrial Security, loss prevention, and Abqaiq plant Operations. The selected use cases end-user components are novel and had been co-invented and developed jointly with different partners to accelerate the maturity of industrial 5G ecosystem. Based on the pilot results, Saudi Aramco is planning to expand the 5G deployment through Hybrid model capitalizing on Shared Radio Access Network (RAN) to achieve design simplicity, scalability, and optimized cost.
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Khawaji, Akili D., Tariq Khan, and Jong-Mihn Wie. "Gas Turbine Operating Experience in a Power / Seawater Desalination Cogeneration Mode." In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-120.
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The Royal Commission power, desalination and seawater cooling (PD&SC) plant located in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia, includes eight MS-7001 E frame 7 gas turbine generators (GTGs). The GTGs are used in cogenerating electricity and process steam primarily required for desalinating seawater by a multi-stage flash (MSF) evaporation process. This paper describes the operating experience of the GTGs in a simple cycle and a cogeneration mode coupled to heat recovery steam generation. The significant problems, countermeasures and the GTG and heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) reliability, availability and performance are also discussed in the paper.
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White, Ramsey, Simone Mulas, Pier Domini, Miguel Lopez, and Faris Abusittah. "Modulated AC/DC Crude Desalting Technology Application & Best Practices." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205860-ms.
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Abstract The Modulated AC/DC Crude Desalting technology was successfully commissioned at several Saudi Aramco facilities. Enhancements to desalting performance and optimization of plant operating expenditures were realized. Benefits of the Modulated AC/DC Desalting technology, installation and operational best practices and a comparison to conventional AC technology is shared in the paper. The conventional AC desalting technology was replaced with the Modulated AC/DC Crude Desalting technology at some Saudi Aramco facilities. After the successful commissioning, the performance of the new units was tested in one of these facilities to identify operating limits, such as maximum water cut and minimum demulsifier injection at the production header, in which the stable operation is sustainable. A comparison of the performance of the technology compared to that of previous conventional AC desalting technology was conducted through analysis of grid/plate voltage stability, demulsifier injection rate, wash water rates and crude quality parameters. Some enhancements to the process were also introduced which resulted in realizing additional benefits. The technology resulted in several benefits, including: (1) A reduction in the required demulsifier injection rate during the testing period compared to the same time period from the previous year, leading to significant cost savings; (2) Ability to maintain normal operations beyond the design water cuts of the facility; (3) No major grid outages since installation; (4) Additional data that can be used to diagnose separation performance as each transformer provides a number of feedback signals to DCS that are good indicators of the separation process. Based on the observations and analysis, the Modulated AC/DC Crude Desalting Technology has several advantages over the conventional AC Crude Desalting Technology in regards to crude desalting performance and process stability. The Modulated AC/DC Crude Desalting technology at Saudi Aramco was the first installation in Saudi Arabia for Arab Light crude oil. The paper captures Saudi Aramco’s experience and best practices that other companies can find beneficial in their efforts to maintain crude quality and reduce operating expenditures.
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Wathnani, Abdulkarim, and Badr Hussain. "An Innovative IR 4.0 Solution Against Leaks Utilizing a Fully Integrated Pipelines Management System." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207997-ms.
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Abstract This paper demonstrates the Saudi Aramco Khurais Facility (KhPD) successful commissioning of the A Fully Integrated Pipelines Management System, in an effort to enhance its environmental emission performance. The project team conducted an assessment conceptually right from the beginning, to ensure that the value creations from this initiative can be realized, and the project remain cost effective and safely executed while meeting environmental objectives. Following successful deployment, the Khurais team carried out post installation performance assessment to ensure the outcomes and objectives from this project has been impacted positively. This paper covers the fully implemented solution to manage pipelines assets and enchantments followed by Saudi Aramco Khurais producing facility (KhCPF) Objectives: Share how a corrosion challenge of multi-phase flow within pipelines led to installation of a comprehensive solution to Pipeline Management Systems (common header connects all compressors) and how it was resolved through integration between two different systems. In addition, highlight how this approach enhanced the pipelines reliability, safety and most important the big environmental impact that helped Saudi Aramco to reduce its carbon footprint.
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Al-Mulhim, Abdulaziz A. "Energy Efficiency Improvement of a Gas Compressor Through Process Parameters Adjustments." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211234-ms.
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Abstract As a global leader in energy supply, Saudi Aramco spares no efforts in maintaining the global energy demand by operating major onshore and offshore oil fields. This comes while ensuring to minimize the carbon footprint that will be resulted oil production, and to maximize the value creation from the operating facilities. The production of crude oil from these oil fields will involve producing associated gas at a facility that is called Gas Oil Separation plant (GOSP) which will be handled through gas gathering trains at the Gas Oil Separation Plants (GOSPs) to accommodate this valuable by-product with the produced crude oil from the connected oil field to increase the value creation and reduce flaring of the associated gas which may negatively impact the surrounding environment which includes but not limited to impacting climate change and air pollution. This is also part of Saudi Aramco commitments toward circular economy by reducing waste the amount of waste at the oil producing facilities. Therefore, Saudi Aramco strives to improve energy efficiency at its premises. In spite of all the exerted efforts, strict policies, challenging targets and investments to achieve a continual improvement in energy efficiency, it would be hard to avoid a performance plateau without breakthrough solutions. This is particularly true in Saudi Aramco, considering the large geographical area in which different facilities are scattered. Energy efficiency and environmental protection are two important parameters that are interconnected, and both are critical for the quality of future generation. Effective power utilization can eventually help sustainability and circular economy.
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Abbate, Piero, and Silvio Sparano. "Saudi Aramco Awards Winning Project." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210896-ms.
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Abstract Operational since 26th December 2020 on Saudi Aramco's premises in Qurayyah (KSA), TVP Solar thermal plant has been conceived as a sizeable industrial pilot for Saudi Aramco to show the potential of energy and CO2 savings offered by the solar thermal technology of the Swiss company TVP Solar. Because of its proven performances, Qurayyah's TVP thermal solar plant has been awarded in 2021 with the Environment Excellence Award assigned to the See Water Injection Department (SWID) within Saudi Aramco and with the Energy Efficiency Award assigned both to SWID and the Research and Development Center (R&DC). Qurayyah's TVP Solar plant has been engineered to preheat from 93 °C up to 174 °C the water fed to a set of two diesel fueled boilers used to generate steam. Experience gained in Qurayyah shows that at this location 1 MW of peak thermal power requires 1,700 m2 of TVP Solar collectors (for about 3,000 m2 of total occupation space) to produce 1.5 GWhT/year, thus reducing fuel consumption by 200 m3/year of diesel and avoiding 520 tons/year of CO2 emissions. The specific ability of TVP Solar collectors to harvest energy from diffuse light allowed the solar field to have its performance minimally impacted by fouling, even if the panels were never cleaned during more than one year of operations.
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Faisal, Al Qurooni A., Al Homam W. Ahmed, and Al Muhainy A. Mohammed. "Energy Management Best Practices." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211075-ms.
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Abstract Objectives/Scope: Energy Efficiency is one of the major pillars that need to be considered seriously today more than ever to overcome potential environmental impact and mitigate climate change. Therefore, Saudi Aramco strives to improve the energy efficiency at its industrial and nonindustrial premises. These efforts are in line with the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as several initiatives were launched to achieve net zero through decarbonization. Despite all the exerted efforts, strict policies, challenging targets and investments to achieve a continual improvement in energy efficiency, it would be hard to avoid a performance plateau without breakthrough solutions. This paper will shed light on some of best practices used in the southern area of Ghawar field to improve the energy performance of multiple gas and oil separation plants.
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Asar, H. K., S. Saner, and T. S. Amri. "Saudi Arabian Computerized Log Analysis System." In Middle East Oil Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/13736-ms.
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