Relevant bibliographies by topics / Salt recovery

Academic literature on the topic 'Salt recovery'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Salt recovery"

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Tian, Yu, Yang Li, Hongxiang Zhang, Kushan U. Tennakoon, and Zewei Sun. "Germination Strategy of Chenopodium acuminatum Willd. under Fluctuating Salinity Habitats." Agronomy 13, no. 11 (November 5, 2023): 2769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112769.

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Germination events of plants often occur after rainfall in saline environments where the soil salinity is diluted, viz recovery germination. Previous germination studies have rarely considered the duration of exposure to salt stress, and none of them have investigated recovery germination under low-salt concentration, other than in distilled water. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salinity, exposure duration and low-salt recovery solutions on seed germination of the weed Chenopodium acuminatum to get a clear insight about the germination strategy exhibited by this species in a saline habitat. Seeds were initially exposed to 0–400 mM NaCl for 10, 20 and 30 d. The subsequent recovery experiment was conducted differently. For those initially treated with 100 and 200 mM NaCl, the recovery solution was distilled water, while for those initially treated with 300 and 400 mM NaCl, the recovery solution was distilled water, at 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Results showed that the recovery germination percentage and rate significantly decreased when the exposure duration extended. Seeds could subsequently recover to germinate at high percentages at recovery salt solution concentrations for a short duration, but the recovery percentages and rates in high salinity, combined with high exposure duration and relatively high recovery salt concentrations, were remarkably lower. More than 30% of the ungerminated seeds were viable after the recovery experiment. We suggest that Ch. acuminatum exhibits a ‘cautious’ strategy of germination to avoid injury from long-term salt stress and ensure survival for the subsequent continuation of its population under unfavorable saline conditions.
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Ly, Lyvonne, Ian Fergus, and Steve Page. "CSG water: desalination and the challenge for the CSG industry—developing a holistic CSG brine management solution." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12016.

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The management of brine, generated from the desalination of CSG produced water, is a key challenge for the CSG industry. In many cases, the cost and technical challenges relating to the management of brine has a greater impact on the economic and technical feasibility of desalinating CSG produced water than the desalination plant itself. The challenge is to determine the best solution for brine management, given the high salinity of the brine and limited options available for acceptable disposal. This has driven the need for more sustainable options, including using salt recovery processes to recover the salts for beneficial use. Where suitable strata can be identified, brine injection may be considered as a low life-cycle cost solution for brine disposal. CSG brine is particularly high in alkalinity, and as such, brine management options, including acid mine waste neutralisation and recovery of salts (sodium chloride [NaCl] and sodium carbonate [Na2CO3]) are possible. The latter uses selective salt crystallisation, which is generally higher in capital and operating costs, but is offset by the revenue gained from the sale of salt(s). Other brine management options include solar evaporation ponds or zero liquid discharge technology to produce a mixed salt residue that can be disposed through onsite encapsulation or landfill. The feasibility and life-cycle cost of any brine management option depends primarily on the location of CSG sites and the availability of brine management disposal/sale opportunities in reasonable proximity—this is one of the greatest challenges for managing brackish CSG produced water sources, particularly as the CSG sites are in remote inland locations. Further challenges associated with the management of salts recovered include establishing a viable commercial route for the market sale of the salts. This peer-reviewed paper explores technical considerations, challenges and the life-cycle cost of the brine management options. The emerging trends for desalination and brine management in the CSG Industry will also be featured in this paper.
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Zhao, Xi, Shiyi Zhang, Haoran Ma, Huaqing Xie, and Rui Guo. "Feasibility Study on A Novel Waste Heat Recovery Process of Industrial Waste Salt Based on High Temperature Melting Dry Method." E3S Web of Conferences 385 (2023): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338503007.

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Industrial waste salt is mainly produced by industrial production processes of pesticides, drug synthesis, printing and dyeing, as well as solid-liquid separations, concentration and crystallization of solution, and sewage treatment, etc. At the present stage, the annual output of waste salt in China has exceeded 2.0×107 tons and the high-temperature melting method is considered to be a promising treatment method, but there are problems such as molten salt adhesion and agglomeration, unused high-temperature sensible heat, and waste of water resources. A novel process for waste heat recovery by high temperature melting dry method is proposed in this paper, using a combination of centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery to dispose high-temperature molten salt and effectively recover heat. Through thermal equilibrium analysis and calculation, the waste heat recovering efficiency of the waste heat recovery using the novel process can reach up to 98%. Taking the annual treatment of 100,000 tons of waste salt as an example, the benefits of effective heat recovery converted to standard coal could be approximately 5 billion. While efficiently utilizing waste heat resources, the novel process brings considerable economic benefits to enterprises, has good industrial application prospects, and helps to advance the process of national hazardous waste solid waste treatment.
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Kılıc, Ö., and A. M. Kılıc. "Recovery of salt co-products during the salt production from brine." Desalination 186, no. 1-3 (December 2005): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.05.014.

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Yang, Rui, Zhifen Yang, Ze Peng, Fang He, Luxi Shi, Yabing Dong, Mingjian Ren, Qingqin Zhang, Guangdong Geng, and Suqin Zhang. "Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Tritipyrum provides insights into the molecular basis of salt tolerance." PeerJ 9 (December 23, 2021): e12683. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12683.

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Background Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts crop growth and yield. Methods Here, crucial proteins and biological pathways were investigated under salt-stress and recovery conditions in Tritipyrum ‘Y1805’ using the data-independent acquisition proteomics techniques to explore its salt-tolerance mechanism. Results In total, 44 and 102 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in ‘Y1805’ under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. A proteome-transcriptome-associated analysis revealed that the expression patterns of 13 and 25 DEPs were the same under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. ‘Response to stimulus’, ‘antioxidant activity’, ‘carbohydrate metabolism’, ‘amino acid metabolism’, ‘signal transduction’, ‘transport and catabolism’ and ‘biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites’ were present under both conditions in ‘Y1805’. In addition, ‘energy metabolism’ and ‘lipid metabolism’ were recovery-specific pathways, while ‘antioxidant activity’, and ‘molecular function regulator’ under salt-stress conditions, and ‘virion’ and ‘virion part’ during recovery, were ‘Y1805’-specific compared with the salt-sensitive wheat ‘Chinese Spring’. ‘Y1805’ contained eight specific DEPs related to salt-stress responses. The strong salt tolerance of ‘Y1805’ could be attributed to the strengthened cell walls, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmoregulation, phytohormone regulation, transient growth arrest, enhanced respiration, transcriptional regulation and error information processing. These data will facilitate an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance and aid in the breeding of salt-tolerant wheat.
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Gul, Bilquees, and Darrell J. Weber. "Effect of salinity, light, and temperature on germination in Allenrolfea occidentalis." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 2 (July 27, 1999): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-204.

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Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze, a halophytic perennial shrub in the family Chenopodiaceae, is widely distributed in inland salt marshes and salt playas of western North America. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of NaCl, light, and temperature on seed germination and their recovery of germination from saline conditions after being transferred to distilled water. Seeds of A. occidentalis were germinated at various temperatures (5:15, 10:20, 10:30, 15:25, 20:30, and 25:35°C (night:day)) and salinities (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mM NaCl) in a 12 h light : 12 h dark photoperiod and in 24 h darkness. Increases in NaCl concentration progressively inhibited seed germination, and this inhibition was greater in the dark than in light. No seeds germinated at concentrations higher than 800 mM NaCl. Cooler temperatures significantly inhibited germination in all treatments, while regimes of high night (25°C) and high day (35°C) temperatures showed higher germination. Rate of germination decreased with an increase in salinity. Germination rate was higher at 25:35°C and lower at 5:15°C. Seeds were transferred from salt solutions to distilled water after 20 days, and those from high salinities recovered quickly at all temperature regimes. Recovery germination percentages at higher salinities varied from 51 to 100% at various temperatures, but recovery of germination of seeds from salt stress was significantly affected by temperature regime.Key words: Allenrolfea occidentalis, halophyte, light, recovery of seed germination, salt playas, thermoperiod, Utah.
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Johnson, Jessica. "Molten Salt Membrane Process for Chlorine Recovery." ECS Proceedings Volumes 1999-41, no. 1 (January 1999): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/199941.0675pv.

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Oishi, Jun, Hirotake Moriyama, Seiichiro Maeda, and Yoshiyuki Asaoka. "Tritium recovery from molten LiF-BeF2 salt." Fusion Engineering and Design 8 (January 1989): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(89)80124-3.

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Capuzzi, Stefano, Giulio Timelli, Leonardo Capra, and Luca Romano. "Influence of Salt Quantity on Recovery Yield of Heterogeneous Aluminium Scrap." Advanced Materials Research 1139 (July 2016): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1139.16.

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The influence of the salt quantity on the recovery yield of aluminium scrap was studied considering an heterogeneous charge. The analysed heterogeneous charge was composed by different types of scrap such as turning, shredded materials and dross. The amount of salt was related to the scrap quality using the salt factor, which is defined as the ratio between the non-aluminium content in the scrap and the quantity of salt required. Two levels of salt factor were considered, 1.2 and 1.8. The analysis of variance was then implemented to verify the influence of the salt quantity on the recovery yield. The results were statistically confirmed using the Anderson-Darling test, the Dixon’s outliers test and the coefficient of variance. An increment of the recovery yield from 95% to 97% was revealed by increasing the salt factor from 1.2 to 1.8.
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Teixeira, Artur B., Weslei M. Ambrós, Carlos H. Sampaio, Fortunato L. Q. Raposo, Irineu A. S. De Brum, and Josep O. Moncunill. "Optimization of Water Leaching of Chlorides from Aluminum Salt Slag." Minerals 12, no. 9 (September 9, 2022): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12091141.

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Aluminum recycling generates large amounts of hazardous wastes, known as salt slags, consisting mainly of oxides, metallic aluminum, and salt fluxes. Water leaching is a common technique used for salt removal, being a decisive operation due to water usage and the need to achieve sufficient salt recovery. In this study, water leaching tests under varied operational conditions (water type, slag particle size, solid content, and leaching time) were carried out in salt slag samples obtained from a Brazilian aluminum scrap melting company. Leaching efficiency was assessed by the % chlorine leached. The optimal leaching condition, defined as the one that resulted in the highest chloride removal from the slag together with appropriate operational conditions (larger viable slag size, lower leaching time, etc.), was identified for a slag size below 2.8 mm, 30 wt% of solids in pulp, and a leaching time of 90 min. The results showed that it was possible to recover more than 92% of the salts initially contained in the raw slag, resulting in a leached material with less than 2.5% salts. The recovered salt characteristics showed potential for recycling and could be re-mixed to the salt flux used for aluminum melting. The possibility of achieving higher efficiencies and lower water consumption during leaching was also discussed, as was a preliminary flowsheet for salt slag treatment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Salt recovery"

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Taraphdar, Asutosh. "Studies on recycling of soak liquor and salt (NaC1) recovery." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1517.

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Oliveira, Vanessa Jesus de. "Microbe-mediated recovery of salt marshes contaminated with oil hydrocarbons." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14145.

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Doutoramento em Biologia
Salt marshes are highly productive intertidal habitats that serve as nursery grounds for many commercially and economically important species. Because of their location and physical and biological characteristics, salt marshes are considered to be particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic inputs of oil hydrocarbons. Sediment contamination with oil is especially dangerous for salt marsh vegetation, since low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons can affect plants at all stages of development. However, the use of vegetation for bioremediation (phytoremediation), by removal or sequestration of contaminants, has been intensively studied. Phytoremediation is an efficient, inexpensive and environmental friendly approach for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons, through direct incorporation by the plant and by the intervention of degrading microbial populations in the rhizosphere (microbe-assisted phytoremediation). Rhizosphere microbial communities are enriched in important catabolic genotypes for degradation of oil hydrocarbons (OH) which may have a potential for detoxification of the sediment surrounding the roots. In addition, since rhizosphere bacterial populations may also internalize into plant tissues (endophytes), rhizocompetent AH degrading populations may be important for in planta AH degradation and detoxification. The present study involved field work and microcosms experiments aiming the characterization of relevant plant-microbe interactions in oilimpacted salt marshes and the understanding of the effect of rhizosphere and endosphere bacteria in the role of salt marsh plants as potential phytoremediation agents. In the field approach, molecular tools were used to assess how plant species- and OH pollution affect sediment bacterial composition [bulk sediment and sediment surrounding the roots (rhizosphere) of Halimione portulacoides and Sarcocornia perennis subsp. perennis] in a temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal) chronically exposed to OH pollution. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved in this study were used to generate in silico metagenomes and to evaluate the distribution of potential bacterial traits in different microhabitats. Moreover, a combination of culture-dependent and -independent approaches was used to investigate the effect of oil hydrocarbons contamination on the structure and function of endophytic bacterial communities of salt marsh plants.Root systems of H. portulacoides and S. perennis subsp. perennis appear to be able to exert a strong influence on bacterial composition and in silico metagenome analysis showed enrichment of genes involved in the process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation in the rhizosphere of halophyte plants. The culturable fraction of endophytic degraders was essentially closely related to known OH-degrading Pseudomonas species and endophytic communities revealed sitespecific effects related to the level of OH contamination in the sediment. In order to determine the effects of oil contamination on plant condition and on the responses in terms of structure and function of the bacterial community associated with plant roots (rhizosphere, endosphere), a microcosms approach was set up. The salt marsh plant Halimione portulacoides was inoculated with a previous isolated Pseudomonas sp. endophytic degrader and the 2-methylnaphthalene was used as model PAH contaminant. The results showed that H. portulacoides health and growth were not affected by the contamination with the tested concentration. Moreover, the decrease of 2-methylnaphthalene at the end of experiment, can suggest that H. portulacoides can be considered as a potential plant for future uses in phytoremedition approaches of contaminated salt marsh. The acceleration of hydrocarbon degradation by inoculation of the plants with the hydrocarbon-degrading Pseudomonas sp. could not, however, be demonstrated, although the effects of inoculation on the structure of the endophytic community observed at the end of the experiment indicate that the strain may be an efficient colonizer of H. portulacoides roots. The results obtained in this work suggest that H. portulacoides tolerates moderate concentrations of 2-methylnaphthalene and can be regarded as a promising agent for phytoremedition approaches in salt marshes contaminated with oil hydrocarbons. Plant/microbe interactions may have an important role in the degradation process, as plants support a diverse endophytic bacterial community, enriched in genetic factors (genes and plasmids) for hydrocarbon degradation.
As zonas de sapal são ambientes intertidais altamente produtivos, que servem como áreas de reprodução para muitas espécies com grande importância a nível comercial e económico. Devido à sua localização e às suas características físicas e biológicas, os sapais são particularmente susceptíveis à exposição a hidrocarbonetos com origem antropogénica. A contaminação dos sedimentos com hidrocarbonetos de petróleo é especialmente nociva para a vegetação de sapal, uma vez que os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos de baixo peso molecular podem afectar todos os estágios de desenvolvimento das plantas. No entanto, a utilização de plantas para biorremediação (fitorremediação) por remoção ou captura de compostos tóxicos, tem sido amplamente estudada. A fitorremediação é encarada como uma abordagem eficiente, económica e de baixo impacto ambiental para remoção de hidrocarbonetos aromáticos, que envolve a intervenção directa das plantas coadjuvada pela atividade das populações microbianas degradadoras na rizosfera (fitorremediação assistida por microrganismos). Nas rizosferas desenvolvem-se comunidades de microorganismos equipados com genes catabólicos relacionados com a degradação de hidrocarbonetos do petróleo (OH), com potencial na destoxificação do sedimento em torno destas raízes. Além disso, uma vez que algumas bactérias da rizosfera são também capazes de colonizar os tecidos das plantas (bactérias endofíticas), designadamente da raiz, as comunidades rizocompetentes degradadoras de OH são importantes para a degradação de OH ״in planta“ e contribuem para o seu papel como agentes de biorremediação. Este trabalho envolveu uma componente de campo e uma compoente laboratorial desenvolvida em microcosmos, com o objectivo de caracterizar interacções planta-bactéria relevantes na bioremediação de sapais contaminados com hidrocarbonetos e optimizar combinações planta-bactéria para uma melhoria da sobrevivência das plantas e aceleração da degradação dos poluentes. Na abordagem de campo, foram utilizadas ferramentas moleculares para avaliar como o tipo de espécie de planta e a contaminação com hidrocarbonetos afetam a composição das comunidades bacterianas do sedimento [sedimentos sem vegetação e sedimentos em torno das raízes (rizosfera) das espécies Halimione portulacoides e Sarcocornia perennis subsp. perennis] num estuário temperado (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal) cronicamente exposto à poluição por OH.As sequências de genes de rRNA 16S obtidas neste estudo foram usadas para gerar metagenomas “in silico” e inferir tendências nos perfis funcionais das comunidades bacterianas em diferentes microhabitats. Posteriormente, uma combinação de métodos dependentes e independentes de cultivo foi utilizada para investigar o efeito de contaminação com OH sobre a estrutura e função da comunidade bacteriana endófitica das halófitas. Os sistemas radiculares de H. portulacoides e S. perennis subsp. perennis parecem exercer uma forte influência sobre a composição bacteriana e a análise metageomica “in silico” revelou um enriquecimento em genes envolvidos no processo de degradação de hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs) na rizosfera de plantas halófitas. Na fracção cultivável de endofíticas degradadoras foram detetadas com particular frequência, espécies de Pseudomonas conhecidas como degradadoras de OH. As comunidades endofíticas revelaram um efeito local, relacionado com características do sedimento, tal como, o nível de contaminação de OH. A fim de determinar se a inoculação da H. portulacoides com bactérias degradadoras de hidrocarbonetos podem mitigar os efeitos negativos da exposição das plantas à contaminação por hidrocarbonetos, bem como avaliar as respostas em termos de estrutura e função das comunidades bacterianas associada à raíz de plantas (rizosfera e endosfera), foi desenvolvida uma experiência de microcosmos. A halófita Halimione portulacoides foi inoculada com uma estirpe de Pseudomonas sp., uma bactéria endofítica degradadora previamente isolada, e cultivada em sedimentos experimentalmente adicionados com 2-metilnaftaleno. Embora os resultados não tenham demonstrado um efeito significativo do contaminante sobre a condição da planta, a redução da concentração de 2-metilnaftaleno no sedimento no final da experiência sugere que H. portulacoides pode ser considerada como uma planta com potencial interesse para aplicação na fitorremediação de zonas de sapal contaminadas com hidrocarbonetos aromáticos. Apesar da degradação do hidrocarboneto não ter sido acelerada pela inoculação das plantas com uma estirpe de Pseudomonas sp. degradadora, esta parece ter exercido um efeito positivo sobre a condição das plantas, independentemente da adição de 2-metilnaftaleno. Os efeitos da inoculação sobre a estrutura da comunidade endófitica observada no final da experiência indicam que a estirpe pode ser uma colonizadora eficiente das raízes da H. portulacoides. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem que a H. portulacoides tolera concentrações moderadas de 2-metilnaftaleno podendo assim ser considerada como um agente promissor para processos de fitoremediação em sapais contaminados com hidrocarbonetos de petróleo. As plantas suportam comunidades bacterianas endofíticas diversas e enriquecidas em fatores géneticos (genes) relacionados com degradação de hidrocarbonetos e as interações planta/bactéria podem assumir um importante papel nos processos de degradação.
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Meyer, Joseph Freeman. "Recovery boiler superheater corrosion - solubility of metal oxides in molten salt." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47742.

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The recovery boiler in a pulp and paper mill plays a dual role of recovering pulping chemicals and generating steam for either chemical processes or producing electricity. The efficiency of producing steam in the recovery boiler is limited by the first melting temperature of ash deposits that accumulate on the superheater tubes. Above the first melting temperature, the molten salt reacts with the protective oxide film that develops and dissolves it. The most protective oxide is determined by evaluating how little it dissolves and how its solubility changes in the molten salt. Solubility tests were done on several protective oxides in a known salt composition from a recovery boiler that burns hardwood derived fuel. ICP-OES was used to measure concentration of dissolved metal in the exposure tests while EDS and XRD were used to verify chemical compositions in exposure tests. NiO was found to be the least soluble oxide while Cr₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ had similar solubility with Fe₂O₃ being less soluble than Cr₂O₃ but more soluble than NiO. Exposure tests with pure metals and selected alloys indicated that even though Fe₂O₃ has little solubility, it is not a protective oxide and causes severe corrosion in stainless steels. The change in performance of iron based alloys was due to the development of a negative solubility gradient for Fe₂O₃ where Fe₂O₃ precipitated out of solution and created a continuous leaching of oxide. Manganese was found to be beneficial in stainless steels but its role is still unknown. Nickel based alloys were found to be least corroded due to nickel's low solubility and because it did not form a negative solubility gradient.
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Benomar, Salim Hmada A. "The analysis of salt resistant surfactants used in enhanced oil recovery." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2001. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19338/.

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Commercial nonylphenol ethoxysulphonate (NPEOS), octylphenol ethoxysulphonate (OPEOS) surfactant formulations and mixtures of alkyl aryl sulphonate and NPEOS surfactant formulations, are used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The surfactants have been analysed by liquid chromatography (LC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Mixedmode C1 8/SAX and C8/SAX columns were used for both liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of NPEOS and OPEOS. NPEOS and alkyl aryl sulphonate surfactant mixtures were separated using a mixed-mode C4/SAX column. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) spectra were obtained using either alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid or 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid as matrix with the addition of lithium chloride to simplify the mass spectra obtained. Data obtained from each method indicate that the NPEOS formulation has an ethoxymer chain length ranging from 2-13 units with average of 6.26. This is in broad agreement with earlier studies, although the range was reported as 2-15. However, the data obtained suggest that the OPEOS formulation has an ethoxymer chain length ranging from 1-8 ethoxymer units with an average chain length of 3.67. This is in contrast to earlier studies carried out by LC only, which suggested that the chain length ranged from 2 to 6 ethoxymer units with an average of 3.6. A method for the extraction of NPEOS and OPEOS from sea-water and reagent water, and alkyl aryl sulphonate from sea-water only, using graphitised carbon black (GCB) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges has also been developed. In the last section of this thesis the chemical oxidation of NPEOS used Fenton's reagent and biological oxidation of NPEOS using a microorganism (Paracoccus halodenitrificans) is reported. The intermediate products formed in the chemical oxidation have been identified and characterized by LC, LC-ES-MS and MALDI/MS techniques. The major products formed are dicarboxylic acids and single carboxylic acids. The aerobic biodegradation of NPEOS was carried out over five days. Theoxygen uptake was measured each day. The biodegradation intermediate products were analysed by LC and data indicate that the same products were formed as those from the chemical oxidation of NPEOS.
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Luechau, Frank. "Process considerations for the recovery of bio-nanoparticulates in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289385.

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Wauters, Cary N. "Electrolytic membrane recovery of bromine from waste gas-phase hydrogen bromide streams using a molten salt electrolyte." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10131.

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Philipson, Harald. "The effect of thickness and compaction on the recovery of aluminium in recycling of foils in salt flux." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280048.

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In Norway, more than 40.000 tonnes of aluminum (Al) in food packaging goes to incineration annually. Recycling this waste would save more than 1.5 TWh of energy and several hundred thousand tonnes of CO2 emissions. However, recycling thin aluminum foil in small packaging is more difficult than recycling of larger and cleaner scrap. In this thesis, properties of compacted coating-free Al foil with five different thicknesses (15, 30, 100, 200, 300 𝜇𝜇m) were investigated and related to percentage Al recovery during remelting in salt flux. This thesis consists of five main parts. Two initial studies involved shredding of the foil into a controlled chip size and compaction of these chips to briquettes of a wide range of bulk densities using three types of compaction techniques. In the following two studies, relevant briquette properties and oxidation behavior were determined. Finally, chips and briquettes were melted in salt flux and the percentage Al recovery was calculated. The bulk density, porosity and surface areas of the briquettes were significantly influenced by the type of compaction technique. Applied torque and heat in addition to uniaxial pressing were found to be effective measures to increase bulk density. Oxidation was higher for thin Al foil due to higher specific surface area and micro roughness. However, the oxidation of briquettes significantly decreased as the bulk density exceeded 2.4 g/cm3. Briquetting led to significantly increased recovery of the two thinnest foils. For the three thickest foils the effect of briquetting was smaller. For the thinnest foil, recovery increased with compaction. For this foil, even significantly oxidized chips compacted to bulk density 2.6 g/cm3 resulted in 99-100 % recovery. The specific surface area of the aluminum was the most important material property influencing recovery. It is expected that an optimum amount of salt flux and fluoride contentrelated to specific surface area of the scrap can be developed.
I Norge förbränns mer än 40 000 ton aluminiumförpackningar årligen. Återvinning av denna mängd aluminiumförpackningar skulle spara 1,5 TWh energi och hundratusentals ton av koldioxidutsläpp. Det mycket svårare att återvinna tunn aluminiumfolie i förpackningar än större och renare aluminiumskrot. I denna uppsats har egenskaper hos komprimerad beläggningsfri aluminiumfolie med fem olika tjocklekar (15, 30, 100, 200, 300 𝜇𝜇m) bestämts. Dessa egenskaper är sedan till kopplade till återvinningsgraden efter smältning i saltfluss. Uppsatsen består av fem huvuddelar. I de två inledande delarna strimlas foliet till en bestämd spånstorlekt varpå dessa komprimeras med tre olika presstekniker till briketter av olika bulkdensiteter. I de nästa två delarna bestäms relevanta brikettegenskaper och oxidationsbeteendet. I den sista delen bestäms återvinningsgraden av spån och briketter som smälts i saltfluss. Briketternas bulkdensitet, porositet och ytarea varierade beroende på pressningsteknik. Högtryckvridning under tillförd värme var ett effektivt sätt att öka bulkdensiteten. Tunnare folie oxiderade mera på grund av stor specifik ytarea och hög mikrosträvhet. Oxidationsgraden för briketter med bulkdensitet över 2.4 g/cm3 var betydligt lägre än briketter med lägre bulkdensitet. Briketter av de två tunnaste folierna ledde till högre återvinningsgrad jämfört med motsvarande spån. Effekten av kompression på återvinningsgraden var mindre för de tre tjockaste folierna. Återvinningsgraden ökade med ökad kompression för det tunnaste foliet. Trots att denna folie oxiderades relativt mycket var återvinningsgraden 99-100 % efter kompression till 2.6 g/cm3. Resultatet indikerar på att främst specifika ytarean påverkar återvinningsgraden av aluminiumet. Baserat på den föreslagna teorin borde ett optimum avsaltmängd, fluorinnehåll och ytarea skrot kunna utvecklas för att maximera återvinningsgraden.
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SANTO, ANDREA. "Seed germination requirements and salt stress tolerance of coastal rare species in Sardinia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266220.

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To survive to adverse factors that characterize coastal environments, plant species often require special physiological or metabolic adaptations to overcome environmental stresses. Stress may be physical (e.g. temperature) or chemical (e.g. salinity). Many communities comprise highly specialized species, which have comparatively restricted geographical distributions. The coastal species investigated in this Ph.D. program were chosen accordingly to their habitat: Phleum sardoum (Hackel) Hackel and Rouya polygama (Desf.) Coincy for sandy dunes; Brassica insularis Moris and Lavatera triloba L. ssp. pallescens (Moris) Nyman for coastal cliffs; Lavatera triloba L. ssp. triloba and Halopeplis amplexicaulis (Vahl) Ces., Pass. & Gibelli for ultra-saline environments. Moreover, seed germination ecology of L. agrigentina Tineo, a species growing in clayey-chalky plains of South Italy, was also investigated for a comparative study within the Lavatera genus. For all the studied species, light and temperature requirements for seed germination were evaluated; their germination responses to salt stress (NaCl) and their germination recovery. Interpopulation variability on germination patterns was also evaluated for R. polygama, B. insularis and L. triloba ssp. triloba. Salt spray tolerance on the vegetative growth and biomass production during the early seedling developmental stages was evaluated for B. insularis, L. triloba ssp. pallescens, L. triloba ssp. triloba and H. amplexicaulis. Light did not affect germination percentages in any of the studied species enabling seed germination also under soil surface and highlighting that seeds were not photo-inhibited for germination. Seed germination of P. sardoum and R. polygama, as well as that of L. agrigentina, L. triloba ssp. pallescens and L. triloba ssp. triloba, reflected the optimal range of temperatures of “typical” Mediterranean species, suggesting germination in autumn-winter, when water availability, soil moisture and rainfalls are high, and temperatures are not excessively prohibitive for germination and consequent seedlings establishment. B. insularis differed from other “typical” Mediterranean plants, for which germination at low temperatures is a widely extended trait, demonstrating that germination of this species may occur in a wide time window during the year. H. amplexicaulis seed germination was highly promoted by the daily fluctuation of temperatures, while germination at constant temperatures was sensibly lower. Salinity tests showed higher germination percentages in the non-saline conditions, with seed mortality increasing proportionally with NaCl concentrations and temperatures. Salt tolerance limits varied among species, from a minimum of 100 mM NaCl for P. sardoum to 600 mM for H. amplexicaulis and L. triloba ssp. pallescens, without a clear habitat related pattern. The species for which salt spray experiments were conducted showed different responses on seedling growth to salt aerosol tolerance, with these differences being related to the habitat of each species and their distance from the sea. Populations of B. insularis and L. triloba ssp. pallescens, growing in coastal cliffs highly influenced by wind and salt spray, showed the lowest seedling mortality. High interpopulation variability in salt spray tolerance was detected for B. insularis, between a coastal and an inland population, with the latter resulting not adapted to this abiotic environmental factor. Seedling survival of the two inland species (L. triloba ssp. triloba and H. amplexicaulis) was inversely proportional to the increase of nebulization frequency, demonstrating a low adaptation to salt spray, likely due to their distance from the sea coast and/or to interposed vegetation that may determine a lower impact of marine aerosol. The results of this study lead to a better knowledge on the autoecology of the investigated species and to their limits of tolerance to abiotic factors such as temperature, soil salinity and salt spray.
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Fox, Erika Jade. "Assessing structural and functional recovery in a restored southern California salt marsh| fish community composition and the diet of juvenile California halibut." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523074.

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To evaluate the success of reestablishing tidal connection to salt marshes as a method of creating new fish habitat, both newly-restored and previously-restored (hereafter termed "reference") habitats within the Huntington Beach Wetlands Complex were monitored over a two year period. Although fish abundance and diversity metrics were generally equivalent between marshes within one year, community composition remained different. Newly-restored habitat generally had higher abundances of planktivores (e.g., Atherinops affinis), and lower abundances of benthic carnivores (e.g., Fundulus parvipinnis ) relative to reference habitat. To determine the possible mechanisms driving fish habitat use patterns, trophic support was assessed for juvenile California halibut, Paralichthys californicus, using gut content and stable isotope analyses of wild-caught and caged individuals. Observed differences in the diet of halibut across size classes indicated ontogenetic shifts in feeding behaviors, while similarity in diet among marshes suggested the potential for rapid development of trophic support within restored habitats for this species.

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Gomes, Pedroni Lucas. "Experimental study of mobility control by foams : potential of a FAWAG process in pre-salt reservoir conditions." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066564/document.

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Cette thèse vise à faire progresser notre connaissance du comportement rhéologique des mousses dans les milieux poreux. Pour cela, nous avons réalisé une étude pétrophysique systématique complète de l'écoulement de mousse dans des milieux poreux pour déterminer l'impact de la qualité de la mousse, du débit, de la perméabilité, de la pression et de la composition du gaz. Nos résultats montrent que les données obtenues sur une gamme de qualités de mousse, de vitesses interstitielles et de perméabilités, convergent vers une courbe maîtresse de loi de puissance, indépendamment du régime d'écoulement, une fois le comportement rhéologique de la mousse forte est exprimé comme la viscosité apparente en fonction du taux de cisaillement. La courbe maîtresse obéit à une loi de puissance avec un exposant universel de -2/3. Nous avons trouvé des preuves expérimentales et théoriques dans la littérature pour la valeur de l'exposant. Nos résultats ont montré aussi que la mousse était moins efficace pour réduire la mobilité des gaz lorsque la pression augmentait, et qu'à des pressions suffisamment basses, la composition du gaz n'avait aucun effet sur la performance de la mousse. Cependant, à haute pression, la composition du gaz devient un paramètre déterminant, et tous les composants doivent être pris en compte. Nous avons trouvé une courbe maîtresse pour la performance de la mousse que nous permet d'extrapoler l'efficacité de la mousse pour différentes compositions à différentes pressions. Donc, les deux approches et les corrélations ci-dessus peuvent être utilisées pour affiner la modélisation d'injection des mousses, améliorant ainsi la simulation du procédé Foam-EOR et sa fiabilité
This thesis aimed at advancing our knowledge of the rheological behavior of foams in porous media. For that, we performed a comprehensive systematic petrophysical study of foam flow in porous media to determine the impact of foam quality, flow rate (interstitial velocity), permeability, pressure and gas composition on foam performance. Our findings show that the data obtained over a range of foam qualities, interstitial velocities and permeabilities converged to a power law master curve, independently of the flow regime, once the rheological behavior of strong foam was expressed in terms of apparent viscosity as a function of shear rate. The master curve obeys a power law with a universal exponent of -2/3. We found experimental and theoretical evidence in the literature for the value of the exponent. Our results also showed that foam was less effective in reducing gas mobility as pressure increased and that at sufficiently low pressures, the gas composition has no effect on foam performance. However, at high pressures, the gas composition becomes a determinant parameter, and all components must be considered. We found a master curve for foam performance which allows us to extrapolate foam efficiency for different compositions at different pressures. The experimental correlations obtained by these original approaches hold immense potential to advance the physical modeling of foam flow in porous media. Therefore, both approaches and correlations above can be used to refine foam flooding modeling, thus improving the simulation of Foam-EOR process and its reliability
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Books on the topic "Salt recovery"

1

Huddleston, Jonathan George. Polymer-salt aqueous two phase systems in biochemical recovery. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1995.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Recovery plan for tidal marsh ecosystems of northern and central California. Sacramento, California: Region 8, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2013.

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Luechau, Frank. Process considerations for the recovery of bio-nanoparticulates in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2002.

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Sandberg, R. G. Recovery of silver, gold, and lead from a complex sulfide ore using ferric chloride, thiourea, and brine leach solutions. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1986.

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Signal Recovery and Synthesis Topical Meeting (5th 1995 Salt Lake City, Utah). Signal recovery and synthesis: Summaries of the papers presented at the topical meeting, Signal Recovery and Synthesis : March 14-15, 1995, Salt Lake City, Utah. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 1995.

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Akins, Nancy J. Salt Creek: Data recovery at seven prehistoric sites along U.S. 285 in Chaves and De Baca Counties, New Mexico. Santa Fe, N.M: Museum of New Mexico, Office of Archaeological Studies, 2003.

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America, Optical Society of, ed. Signal recovery and synthesis: Summaries of the papers presented at the topical meeting ... March 14-15, 1995, Salt Lake City, Utah. Washington, DC: The Society, 1995.

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Silva, Matthew. Fluid injection for salt water disposal and enhanced oil recovery as a potential problem for the WIPP: Proceedings of a June 1995 workshop and analysis. Albuquerque, N.M. (7007 Wyoming Blvd. NE, Suite F-2, Albuquerque 87109): Environmental Evaluation Group, 1996.

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Technology Information Forecastin and Assessment Council (India), ed. Recovery of potassium fertiliser salts from sea bittern. New Delhi: TIFAC, 2002.

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Larry, Berkey, ed. Business asset valuation: Allocation and recovery of investment in business acquisitions. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Salt recovery"

1

Salamone, J. C., I. Ahmed, M. K. Raheja, P. Elayaperumal, A. C. Watterson, and A. P. Olson. "Behavior of Polyampholytes in Aqueous Salt Solution." In Water-Soluble Polymers for Petroleum Recovery, 181–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1985-7_11.

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Krumdick, G. K., D. J. Graziano, and J. N. Hryn. "Electrodialysis Technology for Salt Recovery from Aluminum Salt Cake Waste Brines." In Recycling of Metals and Engineercd Materials, 1159–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118788073.ch101.

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Avelino, Sebastião, Adriano R. Azzoni, Paulo T. V. Rosa, Everson A. Miranda, and Cesar C. Santana. "Recovery of Cellulase by HPMC-Salt Precipitation." In Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 807–15. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1604-9_73.

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Noguchi, Izumi, Kentaro Hayashi, Masahide Aikawa, Tsuyoshi Ohizumi, Yukiya Minami, Moritsugu Kitamura, Akira Takahashi, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Kazuhide Matsuda, and Hiroshi Hara. "Temporal Trends of Non-sea Salt Sulfate and Nitrate in Wet Deposition in Japan." In Acid Rain - Deposition to Recovery, 67–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5885-1_8.

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Marthi, Rajashekhar, and York R. Smith. "Recovery of Lithium from the Great Salt Lake Brine." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 2695–705. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_227.

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Gulden, Walter, and Sigmar-Peter von Halasz. "Vinyl Sulfonate/Vinyl Amide Copolymers as Temperature- and Salt-Stable Thickeners for EOR Flooding Processes." In Water-Soluble Polymers for Petroleum Recovery, 131–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1985-7_7.

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Janikowski, S. K., D. L. Smith, G. A. Reiman, and R. E. McAtee. "Silver Recovery Through Molten Salt Destruction of Sludges and other Solids." In Advances in Fine Particles Processing, 453–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7959-1_38.

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Barth, Hans-Jörg. "Rapid assessment indicators of oil spill recovery in salt marsh ecosystems." In Protecting the Gulf’s Marine Ecosystems from Pollution, 255–64. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7947-6_14.

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Dove, G. B., and G. Mitra. "Recovery of Proteins from Polyethylene Glycol-Water Solution by Salt Partition." In ACS Symposium Series, 93–108. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0314.ch008.

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ElGharbi, Hassan, Mohamed Triki, Ridha Amdouni, Subrata Borgohain Gogoi, and Monem Kallel. "Valorization of Oilfield Produced Water on the Recovery of Valuable Salt." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition), 1617–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_257.

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Conference papers on the topic "Salt recovery"

1

Zhu, Tao, and Clarence Raible. "Improved Sweep Efficiency by Alcohol-Induced Salt Precipitation." In SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/27777-ms.

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Brodie, James, and Gary Jerauld. "Impact of Salt Diffusion on Low-Salinity Enhanced Oil Recovery." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/169097-ms.

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Pinto, M. F., and M. Nele. "Carbonate Wettability Alteration: Core Flooding Test Under Reservoir Conditions with Carbonate Rock and Oil Samples from the Brazilian Pre-Salt." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218144-ms.

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Abstract HIGHLIGHTS Evaluation of carbonates wettability modifier under Pre-Salt reservoir conditions. Rock and oil originating from the Brazilian Pre-Salt. Core flooding test under pre-salt reservoir conditions Carbonates wettability modifier. Surface agents can be used in different forms in upstream oil and gas production. One application is to enhance oil recovery by reducing interfacial tension (IFT) or changing the wettability of rocks from oil-wet (OW) to water-wet (WW). They can also be used for flow assurance purposes, preventing the deposition of inorganic scales. However, reducing IFT through surfactant application may lead to the formation of stable emulsions, complicating the separation of water from oil during primary processing. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of a hydrotrope, specifically the phosphoric ester of glycerol (PEG-H), in increasing the hydrophilicity of carbonate petroleum reservoirs without significantly reducing IFT. The evaluation was conducted through a core flooding test to simulate pre-salt reservoir conditions, with a reservoir pressure of 6200 psi and a temperature of 84°C. The rocks and crude oil used in the test originated from the Brazilian pre-salt. The results demonstrate that the hydrotrope successfully enhances the hydrophilicity of carbonate rocks, resulting in an increased oil recovery factor, while maintaining a high IFT level.
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Zhou, Jia, Jennifer Cutler, Samiha Morsy, Aaron Morse, Hong Sun, and Qi Qu. "Enhancing Well Stimulation with Improved Salt Tolerant Surfactant for Bakken Formation." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/169141-ms.

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Remerowski, M. L. "[sup 238]Pu recovery and salt disposition from the molten salt oxidation process." In Plutonium futures-The science (Topical conference on Plutonium and actinides). AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1292280.

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Vieira, R. A. M., S. S. F. dos Santos, L. P. T. do Nascimento, D. M. P. T. de Souza, and C. N. da Silva. "Experimental Characterization to Support a FAWAG Project in an Offshore Pre-Salt Field." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218195-ms.

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Abstract This work describes the experimental characterization of foam flow in a Pre-Salt field, carried out to support the implementation of a FAWAG pilot currently under evaluation. Foam performance was quantitatively determined as a function of surfactant concentration, water composition, gas composition, water saturation, oil saturation, and rock permeability. Surfactant adsorption on the rock and its partition in the oil phase was also measured. These results were used to estimate parameters to be entered into foam models available in commercial reservoir simulators. Other fields subject to gas injection for secondary or tertiary recovery purposes, or even CCS/CCUS projects, are potential beneficiaries of this information.
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Rashidi, M., S. Sandvik, A. M. Blokhus, and A. Skauge. "Static and Dynamic Adsorption of Salt Tolerant Polymers." In IOR 2009 - 15th European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201404862.

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Osterloh, W. T. "Evaluation of Tall Oil Fatty Acid Salt as a Steam/Foam Surfactant." In SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/27776-ms.

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Iraji, S., R. Soltanmohammadi, T. Rodrigues De Almeida, E. Ruidiaz Munoz, M. Basso, and A. Campane Vidal. "Laboratory and Numerical Examination of Oil Recovery in Brazilian Pre-salt Analogues Based on CT images." In Third EAGE Conference on Pre Salt Reservoirs. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202288005.

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Iverson, Brian D., Joseph G. Cordaro, and Alan M. Kruizenga. "Thermal Property Testing of Nitrate Thermal Storage Salts in the Solid-Phase." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54159.

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Implementation of molten salt compounds as the heat transfer fluid and energy storage medium provides specific benefits to energy collection and conversion. Nitrate salts have been identified as a strong candidate for energy transfer and storage and have been demonstrated for use in these applications over time. As nitrate salts have solidification temperatures above ambient, concern for recovery from salt freezing events has instigated efforts to understand and predict this behavior. Accurate information of salt property behavior in the solid-phase is necessary for understanding recovery from a freeze event as well as for phase change thermal energy storage applications. Thermal properties for three representative salts (that span the range of melting temperatures from approximately 90–221 °C), have been obtained. These properties include specific heat, coefficient of thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. Specific heat and thermal conductivity were measured using differential scanning calorimetry.
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Reports on the topic "Salt recovery"

1

Adamson, M. G., W. A. Brummond, D. L. Hipple, P. C. Hsu, L. J. Summers, E. H. Von Holtz, and F. T. Wang. MSO spent salt clean-up recovery process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13773.

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Hobbs, D. T., and T. B. Edwards. Electrochemical Recovery of Sodium Hydroxide from Alkaline Salt Solution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/626454.

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Walker, D. D. Recovery Plan for the Non-Elutable Ion Exchange Salt Alternative. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10454.

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Fife, K. W., D. F. Bowersox, C. C. Davis, and E. D. McCormick. Direct oxide reduction (DOR) solvent salt recycle in pyrochemical plutonium recovery operations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6820703.

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Williams, David, Susan Hogle, and Guillermo Del Cul. Efficient Isotope Recovery and Seamless Recycle of Target Material in a Salt Matrix. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1606913.

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Del Cul, G. D., A. S. Icenhour, and D. W. Simmons. Prototype Tests for the Recovery and Conversion of UF6 Chemisorbed in NaF Traps for the Molten Salt Reactor Remediation Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/768805.

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Del Cul, G. D. Prototype Tests for the Recovery and Conversion of UF6Chemisorbed in NaF Traps for the Molten Salt Reactor Remediation Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885779.

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8

Silva, M. K. Fluid injection for salt water disposal and enhanced oil recovery as a potential problem for the WIPP: Proceedings of a June 1995 workshop and analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/379096.

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Grula, M. M., and H. H. Russell. Genetic, physiological and nutritional studies on und Clostridium strains isolated and screened for characteristics useful in enhanced oil recovery, with special reference to high salt tolerance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6978413.

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Martinez, Patrick Thomas, Rebecca M. Chamberlin, Galey Jean Bland, Andres Patricio Borrego, Alonso Castro, Lisa Michelle Colletti, Frank Preuitt III Dickson, et al. Analytical chemistry and materials characterization results for debris recovered from four nitrate salt waste drums. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1213501.

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