Journal articles: 'SALT-METAL'

1

Christie, Robert M., and Jennifer L. Mackay. "Metal salt azo pigments." Coloration Technology 124, no. 3 (June 2008): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.2008.00133.x.

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Silvestrelli, Pier Luigi, Ali Alavi, Michele Parrinello, and Daan Frenkel. "Nonmetal-metal transition in metal–molten-salt solutions." Physical Review B 53, no. 19 (May 15, 1996): 12750–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.53.12750.

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JUSSIPBEKOV, U. Zh, R. M. CHERNYAKOVA, A. A. АGATAYEVA, N. N. KOZHABEKOVA, R. А. KAIYNBAYEVA, and G. Sh SULTANBAYEVA. "SORPTION OF HEAVY METAL CATIONS FROM A WATER-SALT SYSTEMBY NATURAL MONTMORILLONITE." Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan 73, no. 1 (March 14, 2021): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.22.

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The sorption properties of natural montmorillonite from the Tagan deposit with respect to heavy metal cations were researched on the model system "Mn2+–Co2+– Ni2+–V4+–H2O–montmorillonite". The influence of temperature, duration of the process and concentration of solutions, as well as the norm of the sorbent on the degree of sorption of cations is considered. The optimal conditions for the sorption process (25о С, 30 min, Т:Ж = 1,5:100) have been determined, at which the degree of solution purification is up to 86.36% cations of Co2+, 85.59% of Ni2+, 82.64% of Mn2+ and 52.29% of V4+. The nature of the sorption curves is determined by the nature of the sorbed cation. According to the absorption efficiency of natural montmorillonite, ions are arranged in the following order: Ni2+≥ Co2+> Mn2+> V4+. The results of the conducted studies indicate the possibility of effective use of bentonite clays of the Tagan field in the purification of wastewater from heavy metal cations

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Li, Yongjiang, Xiaoyan Ma, Jingyu Ma, Zongwu Zhang, Zhaoqi Niu, and Fang Chen. "Fabrication of Pore-Selective Metal-Nanoparticle-Functionalized Honeycomb Films via the Breath Figure Accompanied by In Situ Reduction." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030316.

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Honeycomb films pore-filled with metal (Au, Ag, and Cu) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by combining the breath figure method and an in situ reduction reaction. First, a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based star-shaped polymer solution containing metal salt was cast under humid conditions for the formation of honeycomb films pore-filled with metal salt through the breath figure method. The morphology of the honeycomb films was mainly affected by the polymer molecular structure and the metal salt. Interestingly, the promoting effect of the metal salt in the breath figure process was also observed. Then, honeycomb films pore-filled with metal nanoparticles were obtained by in situ reduction of the honeycomb films pore-filled with metal salt using NaBH4. Notably, the metal nanoparticles can be selectively functionalized in the pores or on the surface of the honeycomb films by controlling the concentration of the NaBH4. Metal-nanoparticle-functionalized honeycomb films can prospectively be used in catalysis, flexible electrodes, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and wettability patterned surfaces.

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5

Flint, Edward B., and Kenneth S. Suslick. "Sonoluminescence from alkali-metal salt solutions." Journal of Physical Chemistry 95, no. 3 (February 1991): 1484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100156a084.

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6

Weber, Mirco, David Vorobev, and Wolfgang Viöl. "Microwave Plasma-Enhanced Parylene–Metal Multilayer Design from Metal Salts." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 2540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152540.

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In this paper, a new approach for the synthesis of Parylene–metal multilayers was examined. The metal layers were derived from a metal salt solution in methanol and a post-drying plasma reduction treatment. This process was designed as a one-pot synthesis, which needs a very low amount of resources and energy compared with those using electron beam sputtering processes. The Parylene coatings were obtained after reduction plasma treatments with Parylene C. Therefore, a Parylene coating device with an included plasma microwave generator was used to ensure the character of a one-pot synthesis. This process provided ultra-thin metal salt layers in the range of 1–2 nm for layer thickness and 10–30 nm for larger metal salt agglomerates all over the metal salt layer. The Parylene layers were obtained with thicknesses between approx. 4.5 and 4.7 µm from ellipsometric measurements and 5.7–6.3 µm measured by white light reflectometry. Tensile strength analysis showed an orthogonal pulling stress resistance of around 4500 N. A surface roughness of 4–8 nm for the metal layers, as well as 20–29 nm for the Parylene outer layer, were measured. The wettability for non-polar liquids with a contact angle of 30° was better than for polar liquids, such as water, achieving 87° on the Parylene C surfaces.

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7

Sun, Dezhi, Wenqing Zheng, Xiukui Qu, and Ling Li. "Enthalpies of Dilution formyo-Inositol in Aqueous Alkali Metal Salt and Alkaline Earth Metal Salt Solutions." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 52, no. 3 (May 2007): 898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je060492g.

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8

Meyerhoffer, Steven M., and Linda B. McGown. "Fluorescent probe studies of metal salt effects on bile salt aggregation." Journal of the American Chemical Society 113, no. 6 (March 1991): 2146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00006a036.

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9

Saito, Hiroki, and Shinji Koyama. "Solid-State Bonding of 5052 Aluminum Alloy/316L Stainless Steel by Using Organic Salt Formation/Decomposition Reaction." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 2468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.2468.

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The effect of metal salt coating process on the bond strength of the bonded interface of 5052 aluminum alloy and 316L stainless steel was investigated by SEM observations of interfacial microstructures and fractured surfaces. Aluminum alloy surfaces were coated by boiling in 5% aqueous solution of NaOH for 5 s and 98% formic acid and 99.7% acetic acid for 20 s and 20 s respectively. Bonding process was performed at bonding temperature of 733 ~ 773 K under a pressure of 20 MPa (bonding time of 900 s). From this study, it is found out that the bonded strength of the joint increased with the rise in bonding temperature with or without metal salt coating process. However, it is understood that with metal salt coating process, high strength joint can be achieved with lesser deformation and lower bonding temperature. From the experimental results, it is found out that metal salt generation processing is effective at removing oxide film and substitution to a metal salt on the aluminum surface.

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10

Kim, Hyunjin, Ji Eun Song, Carla Silva, and Hye Rim Kim. "Production of conductive bacterial cellulose-polyaniline membranes in the presence of metal salts." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 13-14 (December 16, 2019): 1517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519893717.

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This study presents a cost-effective method of enhancing the electrical conductivity and washing durability of bacterial cellulose (BC)-polyaniline (PANI) membrane by the addition of metal salt. In this study, two types of metal salts were tested: copper (II) sulfate and iron (II) sulfate. The optimal condition to produce BC-PANI-metal salt membranes was 0.05% (w/v) of copper (II) sulfate (copper salt). X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystallinity of BC-PANI increased after adding copper salt. According to the increased degree of crystallinity, the polymer chain structure of BC-PANI-copper salt (BC-PANI-Cu) was more organized than that of BC-PANI, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, this ordered structure of BC-PANI-Cu indicated enhanced electrical conductivity. Moreover, the addition of copper salt improved the electrical conductivity of BC-PANI to a level about 3.8 times higher than that of BC-PANI produced without metal salt, and it retained about 40% of its original electrical conductivity after three washing cycles. From the results, the addition of copper salt improved both the electrical conductivity and washing durability of the BC-PANI membrane.

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11

Huang, Hui, Xiaorui Li, Zhenhui Kang, Yang Liu, Haitao Li, Xiaodie He, Suoyuan Lian, Jinglin Liu, and Shuit-Tong Lee. "Tuning metal@metal salt photocatalytic abilities by different charged anions." Dalton Transactions 39, no. 44 (2010): 10593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0dt00824a.

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12

Novikau, Uladzimir, Sviatlana Filipovich, Anna Daletskaya, Irina Sharapava, and Ihar Razanau. "Cocrystallization Method of Porous Nanostructures Synthesis." MRS Advances 1, no. 13 (2016): 855–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.152.

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ABSTRACTThe paper describes a novel electrochemical method of metal nanowire synthesis via coherent cocrystallization of metal with metal salt. Using the method described, iron, copper, and tin nanowires as well as lead nanowalls in the matrix of ferrous chloride FeCl2 salt were synthesized. Influence of electrolyte composition and electrolysis regime on the deposit structure is revealed. Morphology, chemical composition, and structure of the NW@salt nanocomposite is studied and discussed.

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13

Sergeeva, L. E., and S. I. Mykhalska. "Cell selection with heavy metal ions for obtaining salt tolerant plant cell cultures." Fiziologia rastenij i genetika 51, no. 4 (August 2019): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/frg2019.04.315.

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14

Morales, P. Fernández, L. Marulanda Zapata, and M. Vásquez Rendón. "Microstructural and corrosion study of aluminum foams obtained by space holder process using low-cost removable preforms." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 19, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2021.19.3.1687.

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The space holder process (SHP) is a useful and common technique to obtain metal foams. However, an important question remains unsolved: Would the quality of the salt affect the properties of the aluminum foam obtained? In this paper, removable preforms of two types of salt (refined and unrefined) were infiltrated with A356 aluminum alloy to obtain metal foams with different pore sizes. The interaction preform-metal was studied from analyzing the morphological structure of the foams, the metal microstructure, and the corrosion resistance of the Al356 alloy. It was observed that, although the two types of salt exhibited some differences, they did not show variations in relation to the porous structure and metal microstructure in the aluminum foams obtained. Additionally, the electrochemical analyses did not show significant effects on the corrosion behavior of aluminum foams caused by the interaction with the salt preforms.

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15

Mantri, Kshudiram, Ryo Nakamura, Yasuyuki Miyata, Kenichi Komura, and Yoshihiro Sugi. "Multi-Valent Metal Salt Hydrates as Catalysts for the Esterification of Fatty Acids and Alcohols." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 2317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.2317.

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Some typical multi-valent metal salt hydrates, such as chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and acetate of Fe3+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, ZrO2+, HfO2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn3+, Cr3+, and Cu2+ have catalytic activities for the esterification of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and alcohols. Supporting these metal salt hydrates on ordered mesoporous silica such as MCM-41 enhanced the catalytic activity of the esterification. The esters of C10-C18 normal acid and alcohol were obtained in high yield by some of supported metal salt hydrates on MCM-41; however, the yield of the esters decreased with their chain length of acids and alcohols although the activities depended on type of metal salt hydrates. The catalyst is recyclable although some loss of activity was observed.

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16

Yurdabak, D., Z. Akdeniz, and M. P. Tosi. "A model for the metal-non-metal transition in metal-molten-salt solutions." Il Nuovo Cimento D 16, no. 3 (March 1994): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02463782.

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17

Guo, Zhi, Guiqiu Chen, Guangming Zeng, Lingzhi Liu, and Chang Zhang. "Metal oxides and metal salt nanostructures for hydrogen sulfide sensing: mechanism and sensing performance." RSC Advances 5, no. 67 (2015): 54793–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra10394k.

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18

Dumaz, Philippe, Nicolas Sergent, Thierry Pagnier, Anass Benayad, Margaud Lécuyer, Marc Deschamps, and Renaud Bouchet. "Can a “Bad” Salt be a Good Salt for Li Metal Batteries?" ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-01, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-012283mtgabs.

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19

Oosthuizen, Salomon Johannes, Jaco Johannes Swanepoel, and Dawid Steyn van Vuuren. "Challenges Experienced in Scaling-Up the CSIR-Ti Process." Advanced Materials Research 1019 (October 2014): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1019.187.

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The CSIR-Ti process produces titanium metal powder through continuous stepwise metallothermic reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in molten salt medium, and represents a cost-effective alternative to the standard Kroll process to produce titanium metal. Subsequent to proving the CSIR-Ti process at bench scale producing batches of ±2 kg titanium powder, the design, build and test of a continuous 2 kg/h Ti pilot plant was authorised. The scale-up process highlighted limited expertise in South Africa with regards to handling molten salt and molten reducing metals. Such gaps in knowledge are addressed in this study, which discusses a number of the engineering challenges faced and solutions developed around agitation of molten salt reactors, process pipe heating and insulation, molten salt flow measurement and also feeding of a highly reactive molten reducing metal. Scaling up the CSIR-Ti process, with requirements of continuous operation, compact size, effective agitation, pumping and maintaining salt in the molten state brought an unusual set of challenges requiring development of unique and prototype equipment. Further challenges were encountered in the handling and continuous feeding of molten reducing metal at the relatively small scale of the pilot plant. Solutions developed and discussed in this study include custom-modified agitators, custom-developed flow meters for measuring molten salt and molten metal flows, and a custom-designed molten metal feed system. Specialised materials such as, ultra-high temperature heating tape and ultra-low thermal conductivity insulation had to be imported as well as a special high-temperature pump that can pump a slurry consisting of molten salt containing a high weight percentage of suspended metal powder. The experience illustrates the technological difficulty of bridging the chasm between science and technology in that many unforeseen problems are encountered when developing and scaling up a new technology.

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20

Karasevskii, A. I., R. E. Kris, and E. V. Panov. "Microstructure of the Metal-Molten Salt Interface." Materials Science Forum 73-75 (January 1991): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.73-75.109.

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21

Holzhey, Christiane, and Walter Schirmacher. "Phase Separation in Liquid Metal-Salt Solutions*." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 156, Part_1 (January 1988): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1988.156.part_1.163.

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22

Chini, Marco, Paolo Crotti, Cristina Gardelli, and Franco Macchia. "Metal Salt-Promoted Alcoholysis of 1,2-Epoxides." Synlett 1992, no. 08 (1992): 673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1992-21454.

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23

Pons, M., A. Hugon, A. Galerie, A. Fasasi, and A. Sugier. "Laser surface alloying using metal salt precursors." Surface and Coatings Technology 45, no. 1-3 (May 1991): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(91)90254-t.

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24

Haarberg, G. M., and J. Thonstad. "Electrochemical properties of metal-molten salt mixtures." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 19, no. 6 (November 1989): 789–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01007924.

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25

Afanasiev, P. "Molten salt syntheses of alkali metal titanates." Journal of Materials Science 41, no. 4 (February 2006): 1187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-005-3656-2.

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26

MAO, Yuanbing. "Molten-Salt Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-02, no. 59 (November 23, 2020): 2961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-02592961mtgabs.

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27

Koyama, Shinji, and Van Phu Nguyen. "Solid-State Diffusion Bonding of Titanium by Using Metal Salt Coated Aluminum Sheet." Key Engineering Materials 741 (June 2017): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.741.31.

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In this study, the effect of metal salt coating processing of aluminum surface on the bond strength of the solid-state diffusion bonded interface of titanium and aluminum has been investigated by SEM observation of the interfacial microstructures and fractured surfaces after tensile test. Aluminum surfaces were coated by boiling in 5% aqueous solution of NaOH for 90 s and 98% formic acid for 60 s. Bonding process was performed at a bonding temperature of 713 ~ 773 K under a load of 12 MPa (for a bonding time of 900 s). As a result of the metal salt coating processing, high strength joint can be achieved with lower bonding temperature compared with unmodified joints. From this study, it is found out that metal salt coating processing is effective at removing oxide film and substitution to metal salt on the aluminum bonding surface.

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28

Murahara, Masataka, Yuji Sato, and Toshio Okawara. "Salt as Alternative Energy Material to Fossil Fuel." MRS Proceedings 1492 (2013): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.219.

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ABSTRACTSalt is the raw material of sodium metal, which reacts with water to produce hydrogen for power generation. Sodium metal is solid matter and its specific gravity is low; therefore, it can be stored or transported for long at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure as oil and coal can. Sodium metal is produced with molten-salt electrolysis from sea salt, lake salt or rock salt, and securely kept immersed in kerosene for preventing it from reacting with air or moisture when transported to a consumer place; where it reacts violently with water to generate a large amount of hydrogen instantly. And sodium hydroxide, which is a reaction residue obtained after the production of hydrogen, is supplied as it is as the raw material of soda industries. Moreover, fresh water, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and magnesium are generated as by-products in the processes of manufacturing sodium metal and generating hydrogen. Sodium metal can be an alternative energy material for hydrogen combustion power generation, having a far-reaching economic effect.

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29

Phillips, W. M., and J. W. Stearns. "Alkali Metal/Halide Thermal Energy Storage Systems Performance Evaluation." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 109, no. 3 (August 1, 1987): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268212.

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Materials compatibility and durability of advanced salt/alkali metal slurry thermal energy storage systems has been demonstrated [1]. Applications are being evaluated for both space and terrestrial solar thermal power conversion [2]. High energy density of these thermal storage systems is achieved by colocation of heat input and extraction within the slurry mixture which is overwhelmingly phase-change salt. This paper addresses performance testing of these systems. Understanding of mechanisms of both micro and macro stratification of the slurry is necessary to fully predict system performance as a function of gravity and system geometry. If it can be shown the gravity stratification effects are secondary to a combination of: (1) liquid metal film adhesion (wetting) to the heat exchange surfaces and solidified salt particles, (2) solubility of alkali metal in the salt-rich phase, and (3) stirring produced by liquid to vapor conversion of the alkali metal, then system geometry limitations are greatly relaxed for space application. Performance testing was accomplished using a sodium heat pipe to transfer heat from the slurry canister to a gas gap calorimeter. Testing was accomplished with the heat pipe installed only in the vapor space above the alkali metal/salt slurry and with an increase heat pipe and minimum vapor space. This testing conclusively demonstrated the effectiveness of the pseudo-heat-pipe type heat transfer mechanism operating in the slurry system under terrestrial conditions.

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30

Marinin, S. D., and G. T. Afrikyan. "Production of carbon sorbents for metal recovery from metal salt solutions." Mining informational and analytical bulletin 4 (2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-4-0-33-43.

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31

Kiran, Bala, Anubha Kaushik, and C. P. Kaushik. "Metal–salt co-tolerance and metal removal by indigenous cyanobacterial strains." Process Biochemistry 43, no. 6 (June 2008): 598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2008.01.019.

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32

Merhebi, Salma, Munirah Mohammad, Mohannad Mayyas, Roozbeh Abbasi, Chengchen Zhang, Shengxiang Cai, Franco Centurion, et al. "Post-transition metal/polymer composites for the separation and sensing of alkali metal ions." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 35 (2021): 19854–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta02664j.

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33

Weber, Mirco, Anna Scheglov, Wiebke Dörries, Johann Benedikt Meyer, and Wolfgang Viöl. "Low-Pressure Microwave Plasma Reduction of Iron and Copper Salt Compounds at Low Temperatures for Oxidation State Alteration and Functional Applications." Materials 16, no. 8 (April 19, 2023): 3221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083221.

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The influence of plasma-reduction treatment on iron and copper compounds at different oxidation states was investigated in this study. For this purpose, reduction experiments were carried out with artificially generated patina on metal sheets and with metal salt crystals of iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4), iron(III) chloride (FeCl3), and copper(II) chloride (CuCl2), as well as with the metal salt thin films of these compounds. All the experiments were carried out under cold low-pressure microwave plasma conditions; the main focus was on plasma reduction at a low pressure in order to evaluate an implementable process in a parylene-coating device. Usually, plasma is used within the parylene-coating process as a supporting tool for adhesion improvement and micro-cleaning efforts. This article offers another useful application for implementing plasma treatment as a reactive medium in order to apply different functionalities by an alteration in the oxidation state. The effect of microwave plasmas on metal surfaces and metal composite materials has been widely studied. In contrast, this work deals with metal salt surfaces generated from a solution and the influence of microwave plasma on metal chlorides and sulfates. While the plasma reduction of metal compounds commonly succeeds with hydrogen-containing plasmas at high temperatures, this study shows a new reduction process that reduces iron salts at temperatures between 30 and 50 °C. A novelty of this study is the alteration in the redox state of the base and noble metal materials within a parylene-coating device with the help of an implemented microwave generator. Another novelty of this study is treating metal salt thin layers for reduction purposes in order to provide the opportunity to include subsequent coating experiments to create parylene metal multilayers. Another new aspect of this study is the adapted reduction process of thin metal salt layers consisting of either noble or base metals, with an air plasma pre-treatment prior to the hydrogen-containing plasma-reduction procedure.

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He, Jianjun, Kaijun Yang, Gang Wang, Wei Li, Jiangyong Bao, and Jian Chen. "Study on Tensile Creep Behavior of 12Cr1MoV Alloy Steel under High-Temperature Alkali Metal Salt Environment for Solar Thermal Power Generation." International Journal of Photoenergy 2020 (March 13, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7095872.

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The heat exchange tubes of solar thermal power generation work in molten salt environment with periodic temperature change. In order to reveal the tensile creep behavior of 12Cr1MoV pipeline steel under high-temperature alkali metal salt environment, the tensile creep behavior of 12Cr1MoV alloy under different applied load and reaction temperature in high-temperature alkali metal chloride salt environment was studied. The results show that the deformation of 12Cr1MoV alloy in 600°C, NaCl-35%KCl mixed salt environment is mainly controlled by diffusion creep; with the increase of stress, the creep life of 12Cr1MoV alloy decreases. The creep fracture mechanism of 12Cr1MoV alloy in 600°C, NaCl-35%KCl mixed salt environment is intergranular ductile fracture; the increase of temperature will enhance the activation and oxidation of the chlorine atoms, thereby accelerating the corrosion of the base metal and increasing the spheroidization speed of the pearlite matrix, and the creep deformation rate of the alloy increases with increasing temperature.

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35

Harpke, Marie, Sebastian Pietschmann, Flávio Silva Costa, Clara Gansert, Falko Langenhorst, and Erika Kothe. "Biomineralization by Extremely Halophilic and Metal-Tolerant Community Members from a Sulfate-Dominated Metal-Rich Environment." Microorganisms 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010079.

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The adaptation to adverse environmental conditions can lead to adapted microbial communities that may be screened for mechanisms involved in halophily and, in this case, metal tolerance. At a former uranium mining and milling site in Seelingstädt, Germany, microbial communities from surface waters and sediment soils were screened for isolates surviving high salt and metal concentrations. The high salt contents consisted mainly of chloride and sulfate, both in soil and riverbed sediment samples, accompanied by high metal loads with presence of cesium and strontium. The community structure was dominated by Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota, while only at the highest contaminations did Firmicutes and Desulfobacterota reach appreciable percentages in the DNA-based community analysis. The extreme conditions providing high stress were mirrored by low numbers of cultivable strains. Thirty-four extremely halotolerant bacteria (23 Bacillus sp. and another 4 Bacillales, 5 Actinobacteria, and 1 Gamma-Proteobacterium) surviving 25 to 100 mM SrCl2, CsCl, and Cs2SO4 were further analyzed. Mineral formation of strontium- or cesium-struvite could be observed, reducing bioavailability and thereby constituting the dominant metal and salt resistance strategy in this environment.

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36

Liu, Shiyuan, and Lijun Wang. "Controlled Preparation of Different Proportions of Metal Fe-Mn from Waste Mn Ferrite by Molten Salt Electrolysis." Processes 8, no. 12 (December 14, 2020): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121647.

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A novel method for efficiently recovering Fe and Mn from waste Mn ferrite by molten salt electrolysis is firstly proposed. The electrolysis of molten salt (MnCl2 (1.06 wt%)-FeCl3 (2.69 wt%)-NaCl-KCl) was performed at 800 °C. The phase of product at 2.0 V was metal Fe while metal Fe and Mn were obtained by molten salt electrolysis at 2.3 V. The Fe/Mn mass ratio of electrodeposited products at 2.0 V and 2.3 V were 687 and 3.2, respectively. The different proportions of metal Fe-Mn were prepared by controlling the electrolytic voltages. This new method can realize direct transformation of waste Mn ferrite to Fe-Mn alloy.

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37

Dumaz, Philippe, Nicolas Sergent, Anass Benayad, Thierry Pagnier, Margaud Lecuyer, Marc Deschamps, and Renaud Bouchet. "(Invited) Can a “Bad” Salt be a Good Salt for Li Metal Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-02, no. 5 (November 23, 2020): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-025681mtgabs.

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38

Azka, Aulia, and Putri Wening Ratrinia. "ANALISA LOGAM BERAT, KADAR GARAM DAN Salmonella PADA IKAN LOMEK (Harpodon nehereus) BIANG (Ilisha elongata) ASIN KERING." JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS 7, no. 1 (June 27, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v7i1.1822.

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Lomek and biang fish are types of fish commonly used as raw materials for making salted fish in Dumai. Industrial activity in Dumai can influence on heavy metal content in dried salted fish. In addition, the requirements for the quality of salted fish are salt concentration and Salmonella test. The aim of this study were to determine heavy metal (Pb and Cd), salt concentration, and Salmonella test in dried salted fish. The study was carried out the preparation of raw materials and the manufacture of salted fish using dry salting method with a salt concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% for lomek and biang fish. The second was the analysis of heavy metal, salt concentration, and Salmonella test. The addition of 10% salt concentration to Lomek fish was the highest result for Pb (1,48± 0,01 ppm), while all samples were not identified for Cd levels. The highest salt concentration was L3 that was 22,45%, while for Salmonella test results all samples were negative. Based on the results, it was concluded that Pb contamination passed the safe limit, while Cd was not detected. The difference in salt addition gave an effect on the salt concentration for dried salted lomek and biang. Salmonella were not found in all salted fish samples.Keywords : Food safety, pathogen, product quality, salted method

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39

Yonezawa, Yoshiro, Tomoo Sato, and Itaru Kawabata. "Photo-Induced Formation of Gold Metal Film from Metal Salt of Chitosan." Chemistry Letters 23, no. 2 (February 1994): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1994.355.

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Cheng, Z. L., K. W. M. Siu, R. Guevremont, and S. S. Berman. "Solvent-derived metal oxides in electrospray mass spectrometry of metal salt solutions." Organic Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 12 (December 1992): 1370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210271207.

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41

Beck, U., Th Koslowski, and W. Freyland. "Electronic structure of metal-molten salt solutions: Electron localization and the metal-non-metal transition." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 205-207 (October 1996): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(96)00425-5.

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B.Tiwari, B. Tiwari, I. P. Tripathi I. P. Tripathi, and Sanjay Saxena. "Synthesis, characterisation and study of properties of CNTs prepared by egg protein and metal salt." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2013/7.

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43

Sikora, J., and J. Zeromski. "The Effect of Nickel Compounds on Mitogen Dependent Human Lymphocyte Stimulation." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 8, no. 2 (May 1995): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039463209500800202.

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The effect of metal salts, three nickel and one non-nickel (manganese chloride), was examined on the ability to influence mitogen stimulated normal human blood lymphocytes by means of short term in vitro culture and a tritiated thymidine incorporation test. Purified lymphocytes were incubated for one hour with tissue culture medium containing either one of the nickel salts tested (nickel subsulfide, nickel sulfate or nickel acetate) or manganese chloride. Separate portions of cells were incubated in the metal salt mixtures containing both, nickel and manganese salts. All metal salts were used in predetermined subtoxic concentrations. Two mitogens, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), were used as lymphocyte stimulatory agents. Cells were cultured for 72 hrs. It was found that following incubation with nickel salts, mitogen dependent lymphocyte stimulation was inhibited proportionally to the metal salt concentration. This blocking effect on tritiated thymidine incorporation was stronger for readily soluble nickel salts i.e. sulfate and acetate than for almost insoluble nickel subsulfide with either mitogen used. Manganese chloride used as a single salt resulted in a dose-dependent increase of lymphocyte stimulation as compared to the mitogen stimulated cells without preincubation with either metal (control samples). Cells preincubated with nickel salt-manganese chloride mixtures exhibited an increase of thymidine incorporation but below values for control cells.

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Jensen, Roar, and Martin Syvertsen. "Salt Free Treatment of Aluminium Dross." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 1071–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.1071.

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Aluminium dross is composed of metallic aluminium and non-metallic compounds such as oxides, nitrides and carbides. The dross created during primary and secondary aluminium production can amount up to 1% of the total tonnage and may contain up to 90% aluminium metal. The conventional procedure for dross treatment is to use salt for separating the metallic aluminium and the non-metallic compounds. The resulting salt cake has to be processed further. This paper describes a process using a plasma rotary furnace with a non-oxidizing atmosphere and heated by a graphite plasma torch to separate the aluminium from the non-metallic compounds. A pilot scale furnace (charge 500kg) has been designed and tested. In the experiment presented here a mixture of aluminium and aluminium dross were charged into the furnace. Good atmosphere control was maintained during the experiment. No wear on the refractory and only minor wear on the graphite electrodes was observed after the experiment. The result shows that 98.9% of the aluminium in the charged raw materials was recovered in tapped metal without using any salt anywhere in the process. The aluminium metal tapped from the process had only minor increase in the trace elements compared to the metal originally produced. The inclusion content in the metal was also not increased significantly. The residual non-metallic compounds should be possible to recycle in the electrolysis or used in the cement industry.

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Ahmed, Mohammed, Chenmin Yao, Kirsten Van Landuyt, Marleen Peumans, and Bart Van Meerbeek. "Dentin conditioned with a metal salt-based conditioner." Dental Materials 38, no. 3 (March 2022): 554–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.137.

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Cho, Sung-Wook, and Jeong-Hyun Yu. "Electrowinning of Neodymium Metal Using FLiNdBa Molten Salt." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 60, no. 2 (February 5, 2022): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2022.60.2.124.

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Neodymium is the most used of rare earth elements. Its demand is rapidly increasing as the raw material for Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets. In the present study, the preparation of neodymium metal by molten salt electrowinning was investigated, using the support salt of LiF:NdF3:BaF2 = 7.5:67.4:25.1 (in wt%, FLiNdBa). It focused particularly on the effects of the electrowinning temperature, the cathodic current density, and the feeding rate of the raw material (Nd2O3) on the current efficiency. The current efficiency decreased almost linearly with the electrowinning temperature regardless of the cathodic current density in the temperature range (1030~1130 oC). Considering current efficiency and workability, the most suitable electrowinning temperature was 1040~1050 oC. The current efficiency increased linearly with the cathodic current density in the range of 1~4 A/cm2 irrespective of the electrowinning temperature. The effect of the feeding rate of the raw material (Nd2O3) on the current efficiency showed the same tendency as that of the cathodic current density on the current efficiency. The current efficiency of 73.6% and the metal purity of 99.8% were achieved in this study when the cathodic current density was 3.6 A/cm2 and the electrowinning temperature was 1045 oC.

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Shancita, I., Kelsea K. Miller, Preston D. Silverstein, Joseph Kalman, and Michelle L. Pantoya. "Synthesis of metal iodates from an energetic salt." RSC Advances 10, no. 24 (2020): 14403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02250k.

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Ping, Huang Shi, and Fukuo Yoshida. "Dynamical Properties of Ions in Metal-Salt Solutions." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 66, no. 5 (May 15, 1997): 1356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.66.1356.

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Shani, Yosi, and Abraham Katzir. "Metal-clad waveguides for Pb-salt diode lasers." Optics Letters 13, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.13.000372.

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50

Hope, GA, and R. Varma. "Molten Salt Deposition of Metal Matrix Composite Materials." Australian Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 8 (1988): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9881257.

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Journal articles on the topic 'SALT-METAL'

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