Academic literature on the topic 'Salmonella Hessarek'

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Hessarek (Salmonella Hessarek) is considered a serovar with high host specificity and is an uncommon cause of disease in humans; no cases of S. Hessarek bacteremia have been reported in humans to date. On 16 July 2019, a young male presented abdominal pain, vomit, diarrhea, and fever up to 41 °C, a few hours after a kebab meal containing goat meat; he went to the Emergency Room, where a Film Array® GI Panel (BioFire, Biomerieux Company, Marcy-L´Étoile, France) was performed on his feces and results were positive for Salmonella. The culture of the feces was negative, but the blood culture was positive for Salmonella spp., which was identified as Salmonella Hessarek by seroagglutination assays. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone 2 g intravenously qd for 8 days; he was discharged in good general conditions, and ciprofloxacin 500 mg per os bid for 7 more days was prescribed, after exclusion of endocarditis and of clinical signs of complicated bacteremia. This case of Salmonella Hessarek gastroenteritis with bacteremia is probably the first case of bloodstream human infection due to this agent ever described. Further studies are needed to ascertain the global burden of S. Hessarek disease in humans.

SummaryThe important role of plasmid genes in assessing virulence for BALB/c mice in salmonella, and the difficulty of using standard techniques to detect them, led us to develop a detection method by gene amplification.One hundred and forty–three strains (71 serovars) of salmonella and 35 strains of other species were tested using specific oligonucleotide primers. The amplification products were identified by a specific oligonucleotide probe. Forty-nine salmonella strains from ten serovars (S. abortus ovis, S. choleraesuis, S. dublin, S. enteritidis, S. gallinarum / pullorum, S. hessarek, S. typhimurium, S. IIIa48:z4, z23,S. IV43: z4, z23:-,S. V28:a:-) produced a positive and specific response.Because of various origins of the strains possessing the gene sought and the diversity of the responses, both from one serovar to another and in the same serovar, this search has its place among the epidemiological markers in general use. This method appears well suited to the research and detection of plasmid genes associated with mouse virulence in salmonella.

Salmonella Hessarek is an uncommon serotype in Australia. We report on the investigation of a protracted outbreak of 25 cases of S. Hessarek gastroenteritis in which cases were defined as any laboratory confirmed case of Salmonella Hessarek notified to the South Australian Communicable Disease Control Branch from 1st March 2017 to 3 July 2018. We conducted a descriptive case series investigation interviewing all cases and 17 (68%) reported consuming brand X free-range eggs. Four samples of one-dozen brand X eggs were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp. One out of the four samples returned positive for S. Hessarek in the contents of the eggs; Salmonella was not present in any of the whole egg rinses of the four samples. The high proportion of cases reporting the consumption of brand X free-range eggs and the isolation of S. Hessarek from sampling four dozen brand X eggs is an unusually strong signal implicating brand X eggs as the source of this outbreak. From a public health perspective, it is important to understand the behaviour of S. Hessarek including its ability to be present in the content of eggs and further research is recommended. The findings in this investigation into a rare Salmonella serotype highlight the need for continuous monitoring of the epidemiology of Salmonella in Australia including the epidemiology of egg-associated Salmonella outbreaks of human disease.

Salmonella Hessarek is an uncommon serotype in Australia. We report on the investigation of a protracted outbreak of 25 cases of S. Hessarek gastroenteritis in which cases were defined as any laboratory confirmed case of Salmonella Hessarek notified to the South Australian Communicable Disease Control Branch from 1st March 2017 to 3 July 2018. We conducted a descriptive case series investigation interviewing all cases and 17 (68%) reported consuming brand X free-range eggs. Four samples of one-dozen brand X eggs were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp. One out of the four samples returned positive for S. Hessarek in the contents of the eggs; Salmonella was not present in any of the whole egg rinses of the four samples. The high proportion of cases reporting the consumption of brand X free-range eggs and the isolation of S. Hessarek from sampling four dozen brand X eggs is an unusually strong signal implicating brand X eggs as the source of this outbreak. From a public health perspective, it is important to understand the behaviour of S. Hessarek including its ability to be present in the content of eggs and further research is recommended. The findings in this investigation into a rare Salmonella serotype highlight the need for continuous monitoring of the epidemiology of Salmonella in Australia including the epidemiology of egg-associated Salmonella outbreaks of human disease.

Salmonella Hessarek is an uncommon serotype in Australia. We report on the investigation of a protracted outbreak of 25 cases of S. Hessarek gastroenteritis in which cases were defined as any laboratory confirmed case of Salmonella Hessarek notified to the South Australian Communicable Disease Control Branch from 1st March 2017 to 3 July 2018. We conducted a descriptive case series investigation interviewing all cases and 17 (68%) reported consuming brand X free-range eggs. Four samples of one-dozen brand X eggs were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp. One out of the four samples returned positive for S. Hessarek in the contents of the eggs; Salmonella was not present in any of the whole egg rinses of the four samples. The high proportion of cases reporting the consumption of brand X free-range eggs and the isolation of S. Hessarek from sampling four dozen brand X eggs is an unusually strong signal implicating brand X eggs as the source of this outbreak. From a public health perspective, it is important to understand the behaviour of S. Hessarek including its ability to be present in the content of eggs and further research is recommended. The findings in this investigation into a rare Salmonella serotype highlight the need for continuous monitoring of the epidemiology of Salmonella in Australia including the epidemiology of egg-associated Salmonella outbreaks of human disease.

Salmonella is an important zoonotic microorganism and the most isolated among food-borne infections across the world, including Türkiye. The detection and identification of common serovars circulating in Türkiye can present very useful data in the fight against Salmonella, which threatens both animal and human health. This study aimed to determine the distribution and diversity of Salmonella serovars isolated from the samples sent to Bacteriological Diagnosis Laboratory of the Veterinary Control Central Research Institute. The serotyping results of a total of 1,047 Salmonella spp. strains isolated between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. After confirming that the samples isolated were Salmonella spp. according to ISO 6579, identification at the species level was carried out by serotyping with the slide agglutination test. A total of 19 serogroups and 75 Salmonella serovars were detected. The most commonly isolated Salmonella serovar was Salmonella Infantis (40.5%), followed by Salmonella Enteritidis (12.9%), Salmonella Abony (4.3%), Salmonella Kentucky (4.2%), Salmonella Typhimurium (4%), Salmonella Liverpool (2.4%), and other serovars (31.3%). The most commonly identified serogroups were C1 (48.2%), D1 (14.4%), B (12.4%), C3 (7.8%), and E4 (4.2%). According to animal species, the most common serovar was Salmonella Infantis in chickens, Salmonella Montevideo in calves, Salmonella Darle in tortoises, Salmonella Typhimurium in lamb and Salmonella Hessarek in wild birds.

Salmonella is a major cause of foodborne gastroenteritis world-wide. Salmonella serovars are broadly classified as typhoidal or nontyphoidal. Nontyphoidal Salmonella serovars include Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis). In Australia, S. Typhimurium is the most commonly identified serovar during human outbreaks relating to eggs and egg products. Recently, during egg related outbreaks, Salmonella Hessarek (S. Hessarek) has increasingly been identified in South Australia. The aims of this thesis were to determine whether S. Typhimurium and S. Hessarek have an enhanced ability to penetrate the egg shell, to determine the effects of storage temperature on growth of S. Typhimurium and S. Hessarek within the egg, to examine the effect of storage temperature of eggs infected with S. Typhimurium when infected eggs were consumed and finally to study the effects of storage time and storage temperature on aioli infected with S. Typhimurium when infected aioli was consumed. Egg shells were infected with S. Typhimurium and S. Hessarek by dipping them in a bacterial suspension either immediately after lay or after being cooled to room (shed) temperature, then stored at either 5°C or 25°C. Egg contents were also infected with S. Typhimurium and S. Hessarek and stored at either 5°C or 25°C to examine bacterial growth in the egg contents. When eggs were infected immediately after lay, before the eggs cooled to room temperature, S. Typhimurium and S. Hessarek were able to penetrate into the shell pores, but not into the contents. Egg contents that were infected and stored at 5℃ were negative for bacterial growth after direct plating, whereas eggs stored at 25℃ were positive for bacterial growth after direct plating. Infected eggs were then stored at either 5°C or 25°C prior to being fed to mice to examine the effect of storage temperature of S. Typhimurium infected eggs when consumed. No mice fed infected egg components stored at 5°C exhibited signs of Salmonellosis. Mice fed infected yolk stored at 25℃ quickly developed disease symptoms. It took longer for the animals fed infected egg albumen and shell wash stored at 25℃ to begin showing symptoms of disease. Aioli, a raw egg product, was then infected and stored at either 5°C or 25°C for different periods of time (12, 24, 36, 48 or 72 hours). It was then fed to mice, to examine the effect of storage temperature and storage time on S. Typhimurium infected aioli when consumed. No infection occurred in mice fed infected aioli stored at 25℃, whereas two mice from the infected aioli stored for 24 hours 5°C and one mouse from the infected aioli stored for 12 hours at 5°C did succumb to salmonellosis. The bacteria enumerated from the organs of these mice was comparable to the number of bacteria enumerated from the control mice fed infected aioli, that were culled. Results of these experiments indicated the effect of storage temperature on bacterial growth within the egg and growth/survival in eggs and egg products prior to infection and the subsequent occurrence of salmonellosis.
Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Adelaide, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2020