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Academic literature on the topic 'Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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CHIA, T. W. R., N. FEGAN, T. A. McMEEKIN, and G. A. DYKES. "Salmonella Sofia Differs from Other Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars with Respect to Cell Surface Hydrophobicity." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 12 (December 1, 2008): 2421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.12.2421.

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Salmonella enterica is one of the most important foodborne pathogens. Salmonella enterica subsp. II 4,12:b:– (Salmonella Sofia) is commonly found in Australian poultry. It has been suggested that physicochemical properties such as surface charge and hydrophobicity may affect bacterial attachment to surfaces and their ability to persist in food systems. A possible link between hydrophobicity cell surface charge and persistence of Salmonella from the poultry system was examined. Hydrophobicity of Salmonella Sofia (n = 14), Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 6), Salmonella Infantis (n = 3), and Salmonella Virchow (n = 2) was assayed using hydrophobic interaction chromatography, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons (BATH), using xylene or hexadecane, and the contact angle method (CAM). Cellular surface charge (CSC) of the isolates was determined using zeta potential measurements. The majority (12 of 14) of Salmonella Sofia isolates were found to be hydrophobic when assayed using BATH with xylene, except isolates S1635 and S1636, and the other serovars were found to be hydrophilic. Salmonella Sofia isolates were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from isolates of other serovars as measured by hydrophobic interaction, BATH with hexadecane, or the CAM. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in zeta potential measurements were observed between isolates. Principal component analysis using results from all four measures of hydrophobicity allowed clear differentiation between isolates of the serovar Salmonella Sofia (except S1635 and S1636) and those of other Salmonella serovars. Differences in physicochemical properties may be a contributing factor to the Salmonella Sofia serovar's ability to attach to surfaces and persist in a food system.
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Gan, Emily, Fiona J. Baird, Peter J. Coloe, and Peter M. Smooker. "Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Sofia, an avirulent species in Australian poultry." Microbiology 157, no. 4 (April 1, 2011): 1056–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.047001-0.

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Salmonella enterica serovar Sofia (S. Sofia) is often isolated from chickens in Australia. However, despite its high frequency of isolation from chicken and chicken meat products, S. Sofia is rarely associated with animal or human salmonellosis, presumably because this serovar is avirulent in nature. The objective of this work was to investigate the phenotypic and molecular properties of S. Sofia in order to assess its pathogenic potential. Our in vivo studies support the observation that this serovar can colonize tissues, but does not cause disease in chickens. This was further confirmed with tissue culture assays, which showed that the ability of S. Sofia to adhere, invade and survive intracellularly is significantly diminished compared with the pathogenic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) 82/6915. Molecular analysis of Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) showed that most of the differences observed in SPI1 to SPI5 of S. Sofia could be attributed to minor changes in the sequences, as indicated by a loss or gain of restriction cleavage sites within these regions. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the majority of virulence genes identified were predicted to encode proteins sharing a high identity (75–100 %) with corresponding proteins from S. Typhimurium. However, a number of virulence genes in S. Sofia have accumulated mutations predicted to affect transcription and/or translation. The avirulence of this serovar is probably not the result of a single genetic change but rather of a series of alterations in a large number of virulence-associated genes. The acquisition of any single virulence gene will almost certainly not be sufficient to restore S. Sofia virulence.
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HARAPAS, DEAN, ROBERT PREMIER, BRUCE TOMKINS, GRAHAM HEPWORTH, and SAID AJLOUNI. "Shoot Injury Increases the Level of Persistence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia and Listeria innocua on Cos Lettuce and of Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia on Chive." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): 2150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-141.

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Minor shoot injury significantly (P < 0.05) increased the level at which Salmonella enterica serovar Sofia persisted on cos lettuce in the greenhouse. Initial mean counts of the Salmonella on the injured and uninjured cos lettuce were on the order of 6 log CFU/g. After 3 days, the mean count decreased to 4.8 log CFU/g on the injured plants compared with the significantly (P < 0.05) smaller count of 3.4 log CFU/g on the uninjured plants. By the end of the 3-week experiment, the count from the injured plants was 2.9 log CFU/g compared with a count of below the level of detection from the uninjured plants. A similar pattern of bacterial persistence was observed on injured versus uninjured plants by using Listeria innocua on cos lettuce and S. enterica serovar Sofia on chive. The findings reaffirm earlier results with Escherichia coli and increase the impetus to avoid shoot injury during the production of cos lettuce and chive, if bacteria of food safety concern are present.
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Ross, Ian L., Rina Willmore, and Michael W. Heuzenroeder. "A fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism study of Salmonella enterica serovar Sofia, the major Salmonella serovar isolated from chickens in Australia." International Journal of Medical Microbiology 293, no. 5 (January 2003): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1438-4221-00272.

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Cooper, Caitlin, Sean C. Moore, Robert J. Moore, P. Scott Chandry, and Narelle Fegan. "Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae serovar Sofia, a prevalent serovar in Australian broiler chickens, is also capable of transient colonisation in layers." British Poultry Science 59, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2018.1447083.

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Duffy, Lesley L., Gary A. Dykes, and Narelle Fegan. "A review of the ecology, colonization and genetic characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Sofia, a prolific but avirulent poultry serovar in Australia." Food Research International 45, no. 2 (March 2012): 770–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.024.

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Ribeiro, Simone Alves Mendes, Jaqueline Boldrin de Paiva, Fábio Zotesso, Manoel Victor Franco Lemos, and Ângelo Berchieri Júnior. "Molecular differentiation between Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Pullorum and Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Gallinarum." Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 1 (March 2009): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-83822009000100032.

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Clavijo, Raul I., Cindy Loui, Gary L. Andersen, Lee W. Riley, and Sangwei Lu. "Identification of Genes Associated with Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Chicken Egg Albumen." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 2 (February 2006): 1055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.2.1055-1064.2006.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica consists of over 2,000 serovars that are major causes of morbidity and mortality associated with contaminated food. Despite similarities among serovars of Salmonella enterica, many demonstrate unique host specificities, epidemiological characteristics, and clinical manifestations. One of the unique epidemiological characteristics of the serovar Enteritidis is that it is the only bacterium routinely transmitted to humans through intact chicken eggs. Therefore, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis must be able to persist inside chicken eggs to be transmitted to humans, and its survival in egg is important for its transmission to the human population. The ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis to survive in and transmit through eggs may have contributed to its drastically increased prevalence in the 1980s and 1990s. In the present study, using transposon-mediated mutagenesis, we have identified genes important for the association of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis with chicken eggs. Our results indicate that genes involved in cell wall structural and functional integrity, and nucleic acid and amino acid metabolism are important for Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis to persist in egg albumen. Two regions unique to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis were also identified, one of which enhanced the survival of a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate in egg albumen. The implication of our results to the serovar specificity of Salmonella enterica is also explored in the present study.
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Admassu, Dawit, Gudina Egata, and Zelalem Teklemariam. "Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi among febrile patients at Karamara Hospital, Jigjiga, eastern Ethiopia." SAGE Open Medicine 7 (January 2019): 205031211983785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119837854.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi among febrile patients at Karamara Hospital, Jigjiga, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 febrile patients presumptive of enteric fever ( Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi) at Karamara Hospital from 15 February to 20 March 2016. Venous blood was collected, cultured, and biochemical tests were performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for each isolate using modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. Results: The overall prevalence of enteric fever ( Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi) was 11%. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (7%) was higher than Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi (4%). The odds of having enteric fever were higher among the study participants aged 31–45 years and with previous history of enteric fever. Most of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates were sensitive to tetracycline (78.6%), gentamycin (64.3%), and ceftriaxone (64%), while most of the isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi were sensitive to tetracycline (100%), gentamycin (100%), and ciprofloxacin (62.5%). All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Multidrug resistances were found among most of the isolates. Conclusion: A high prevalence of enteric fever and drug resistance to most commonly prescribed antimicrobials were observed in this study. Those of old age with previous history of enteric infection were more affected by enteric fever. Health information should be given about the transmission, prevention of enteric fever, and antimicrobial use. The treatment of enteric fever should be supported by antimicrobial susceptibility tests in the study areas.
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Liu, Gui-Rong, Andrea Rahn, Wei-Qiao Liu, Kenneth E. Sanderson, Randal N. Johnston, and Shu-Lin Liu. "The Evolving Genome of Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 10 (May 15, 2002): 2626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.10.2626-2633.2002.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum is a fowl-adapted bacterial pathogen that causes dysentery (pullorum disease). Host adaptation and special pathogenesis make S. enterica serovar Pullorum an exceptionally good system for studies of bacterial evolution and speciation, especially regarding pathogen-host interactions and the acquisition of pathogenicity. We constructed a genome map of S. enterica serovar Pullorum RKS5078, using I-CeuI, XbaI, AvrII, and SpeI and Tn10 insertions. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was employed to separate the large DNA fragments generated by the endonucleases. The genome is 4,930 kb, which is similar to most salmonellas . However, the genome of S. enterica serovar Pullorum RKS5078 is organized very differently from the majority of salmonellas, with three major inversions and one translocation. This extraordinary genome structure was seen in most S. enterica serovar Pullorum strains examined, with different structures in a minority of S. enterica serovar Pullorum strains. We describe the coexistence of different genome structures among the same bacteria as genomic plasticity. Through comparisons with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, we resolved seven putative insertions and eight deletions ranging in size from 12 to 157 kb. The genomic plasticity seen among S. enterica serovar Pullorum strains supported our hypothesis about its association with bacterial evolution: a large genomic insertion (157 kb in this case) disrupted the genomic balance, and rebalancing by independent recombination events in individual lineages resulted in diverse genome structures. As far as the structural plasticity exists, the S. enterica serovar Pullorum genome will continue evolving to reach a further streamlined and balanced structure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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Gan, Teck Fong Emily, and xf_dksfwm@yahoo com. "Molecular Characterisation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia in Australia." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080821.163140.

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Despite its high isolation frequency in Australian chickens, S. II Sofia is rarely associated with animals or human salmonellosis as this serovar is avirulent in nature. The reason for its persistence and avirulence is unknown as very few studies have been conducted on the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this strain. This study details the various experimental methods utilised to investigate the genetic relatedness and molecular mechanisms involved in S. II Sofia pathogenesis. Using PFGE and Rep-PCR, the Australian S. II Sofia isolates were found to show limited genetic diversity and probably share a clonal relationship. A majority of the S. II Sofia isolates were not geographically restricted with the predominant pattern subtype spread out among the isolates from various states. Distribution and variation of the SPI-associated virulence genes within S. II Sofia was also examined. Based on RFLP and sequence analysis, most of the differences observed in SPI1 to SPI5 of S. II Sofia could be attributed to a loss or gain of restriction cleavage sites within these regions. However, a number of genes in SPI1, SPI2, SPI3 and SPI5 were found to have accumulated changes (mutations, insertions and deletions) that could have affected gene transcription and/or protein translation - these genes have been shown to be involved in different aspects of the virulence process. The avirulence of S. II Sofia is probably not the result of a single genetic change but rather a series of alterations to a large number of its virulence-associated genes. Plasmid-mediated virulence was also assessed in S. II Sofia isolates. Southern hybridisation with probes derived from the virulence plasmid of S. Typhimurium indicated either the total absence of the virulence plasmid or possible presence of a virulence plasmid containing major deletions. Clones were constructed with the missing spv operon using high-copy pCR®2.1 and low-copy pWSK29 plasmids and the adherence, invasion and intracellular survival of the mutant strain was evaluated in vitro. The presence of spvRABCD was shown to have no effect on intracellular survival and replication. Although the cloning of spv with pCR®2.1 was observed to significantly increase invasiveness of S. II Sofia, it was not capable of restoring the invasive ability of S. II Sofia to the level of pathogenic S. Typhimurium 82/6915. On the other hand, the uneven adherence and invasion ability of the other mutant strains appeared to be linked to the presence of pWSK29 and this observation is further supported by RT-PCR analysis of the clones - indicating that perhaps pWSK29 is not a suitable vector for this study. Wild-type S. II Sofia isolates are unlikely to regain full pathogenicity because of the numerous mutations in many important virulence genes: even the chance acquisition of a virulence factor (e.g. spvRABCD) is not sufficient to completely restore S. II Sofia virulence. Therefore, S. II Sofia should not be considered similar to other Salmonella spp. when monitoring Salmonellae in food samples.
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Osman, Deenah. "Copper Homeostasis in Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509383.

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Teixidó, Devesa Laura. "Estudio del regulón Fur en Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117269.

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El hierro es un oligoelemento esencial para la supervivencia celular ya que es un cofactor de muchas enzimas y forma parte de la estructura de muchas proteínas. Es por este motivo que los microorganismos necesitan mecanismos eficientes para la captación de hierro cuándo carecen del mismo. Está ampliamente descrito que la captación de hierro es uno de los pasos clave en el desarrollo de un patógeno dentro de su huésped 1. Pero, aunque el Fe es indispensable, su exceso en el citoplasma es tóxico para la célula ya que cataliza la reacción de Fenton con la consiguiente formación de radicales hidroxilo 2, 3. Por todo ello la homeóstasis del Fe2+ se encuentra estrictamente controlada. La proteína Fur (ferric uptake regulator) es el principal regulador transcripcional implicado en la respuesta celular a la concentración de hierro, controlando tanto la inducción de sistemas de captación de Fe2+ de alta afinidad, como la expresión de proteínas para el almacenamiento y enzimas que utilizan hierro 4. Normalmente Fur, asociado al ión Fe2+, se une a una secuencia concreta denominada caja Fur presente en la región promotora de los genes que regula, bloqueando de esta manera su transcripción 5. Aunque también puede activar la expresión de diferentes genes de forma directa o indirecta 1. En el presente trabajo se estudia, mediante microarrays de DNA, el papel de la proteína Fur en el patógeno intracelular S. enterica serovar Typhimurium y la relación de este regulador con los mecanismos de virulencia de dicho microorganismo.
Iron is an essential trace element for the cell since it is a cofactor for many enzymes and is a part of the structure of many proteins. It is for this reason that the microorganisms need efficient mechanisms for iron uptake when lacking it. It is widely reported that iron uptake is one of the key steps in the development of a pathogen within its host 1. Although Fe2+ is indispensable, its excess in the cytoplasm is toxic to the cell since it catalyzes the Fenton reaction leading to the formation of hydroxyl radicals 2, 3. Therefore Fe2+ homeostasis is strictly controlled. Protein Fur (ferric uptake regulator) is the major transcriptional regulator involved in the cellular response to iron concentration, by controlling the induction of Fe2+ high affinity uptake systrems and the protein expression of iron storing and utilizing enzymes 4. Normally, Fur, associated to the Fe2+ ion, binds to a specific sequence called Fur box present in the promoter region of genes the regulated genes, thus blocking its transcription 5. Fur also can activate the expression of different genes directly or indirectly 1. The role of the Fur protein in the intracellular pathogen S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and its relationship with the virulence mechanisms of this microorganism is studied in this work by DNA microarrays.
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Hu, Honghua. "Molecular typing and evolution of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." University of Sydney. School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/704.

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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a common cause of salmonellosis among humans and animals worldwide. In Australia, Typhimurium is responsible for over half of the salmonellosis cases. The Anderson phage-typing scheme is the primary means of long-term surveillance of Typhimurium outbreak isolates, and has played an important role in epidemiology. However, there exist quite a number of strains of Typhimurium that cannot be defined by the phage-typing scheme. Furthermore, the knowledge of evolutionary relationships among isolates of different phage types is still very limited and the genetic basis of phage type variation remains largely unknown. To address these issues, this study focused on molecular typing and evolution of Typhimurium. Fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was applied to 46 Typhimurium isolates comprising nine phage types in Australia using the restriction enzymes MseI and EcoRI and MseI +1 / EcoRI +1 primer pair combinations. The selected phage types, DT9, DT135, DT64, DT44, DT126, DT12a, DT1, DT141 and DT108, have been dominant or frequent phage types in animal and human infections in Australia in recent years. AFLP in the present study showed a very good discrimination power with Simpson index of diversity of 0.98, 35 different AFLP patterns were observed in the 46 isolates studied. The tree based on AFLP patterns showed good correlation with phage type, grouped most Typhimurium isolates by phage type, and differentiated all nine phage types. Furthermore, 84 phage-type specific polymorphic AFLP fragments, for which presence or absence correlated with phage type (including 25 with one exception to phage-type specificity) were observed in the 46 strains studied. Eighteen phage-type specific AFLP fragments were cloned and sequenced. Sixteen are of known genes or have a homologue in the databases. It was found a predominance of phage and plasmid genes rather than mutational changes in the AFLP fragments studied. Of the 18 cloned and sequenced AFLP fragments, only four relate to mutational changes in the S. enterica chromosome, the other 14 comprise DNA of mobile elements: nine are phage related, three are plasmid related and two are gain of DNA from unknown origin. Twelve of the 18 sequenced phage-type specific AFLP markers are polymorphic because the DNA is present or absent as indicated by Southern hybridization. Two of these markers were successfully used in preliminary PCR-based typing of 30 DT9 and 29 DT135 isolates from worldwide collections. 27 of the 30 DT9 isolates and all DT135 isolates tested were correctly categorized. The results implied a good potential to use the sequence of these fragments as the basis for a multiplex PCR or a microarray based molecular �phage� typing method for Typhimurium. This thesis also studied the molecular evolutionary relationships among the same set of 46 Typhimurium isolates using mutational changes detected by AFLP, or analysis of intergenic regions and their flanking genes in genome sequences. The complete genome sequence of Typhimurium LT2 was analysed by computer modelled AFLP. The polymorphic AFLP fragments, which matched with the modelled LT2 AFLP fragments, were amplified and sequenced by LT2 genome based primers to determine the changes. Forty-nine intergenic regions with higher pairwise differences between LT2 and Typhi CT18 were amplified and sequenced using LT2 genome based primers for one isolate of each phage type. 51 polymorphic sites were detected consisting of 18 in AFLP fragments and 33 in intergenic regions or their flanking genes. PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and SNaPshot were used to further investigate the distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected in intergenic regions in all isolates studied. Of the 18 mutational changes detected in AFLP fragments, eight were indels (insertions / deletions) and ten single base substitutions. Of the eight indels, four were in genes, three in intergenic regions, and one covered adjacent intergenic and coding regions. The four indels in genes all caused frameshift mutations, including three single base indels and one 19 bp deletion. Of the ten substitutions, one was in an intergenic region and nine in genes comprising three synonymous and six non-synonymous substitutions. Of the 33 polymorphic sites detected from sequences of 23 intergenic regions and their flanking genes, one was IS200 insertion and 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 30 were single base substitutions and two were single base indels. Nine of the 33 variations were found in the flanking genes, which were all single base substitutions comprising four synonymous, four non-synonymous substitutions and one non-sense mutation. More non-synonymous than synonymous substitutions were found for those in coding regions within Typhimurium, indicating that slightly deleterious intraspecies mutations can be fixed within clones, such as various lineages of Typhimurium. The 51 polymorphic sites, which were inferred from sequences of both mutation related AFLP fragments, and intergenic regions and their flanking genes, gave a single phylogenetic tree of the 46 Typhimurium isolates studied. All sequences involved were compared with the homologous sequences in the available S. enterica genome sequences for serovars Typhi, Paratyphi A, Gallinarum, Enteritidis and Pullorum and this enabled the determination of the direction of the mutational changes in the isolates studied and the root of the phylogenetic tree. There were only two events inferred to have occurred twice, the remaining 49 polymorphisms can be explained by a single event. The data indicated that Typhimurium has a very strong clonal structure with a very low level of recombination over the time for diversification of Typhimurium as majority of clonal variations are from point mutations rather than recombination. The phylogenetic tree based on mutational changes showed that most Typhimurium isolates of a given phage type are in the same evolutionary group, but that some phage types appear to have arisen more than once. Comparison of the phylogenetic tree with AFLP data gave examples of unrelated isolates of a given phage type having common AFLP fragments comprising plasmid or phage genes, supporting the view that phage type can be determined by presence of specific phages or plasmids. The mutation-based tree showed that six of the nine phage types studied appeared to have a single origin, at least for the isolates studied. It also found that DT1 and DT44 had two independent origins even for the limited set of strains used. The distribution of DT12a isolates into two groups could be explained that the group of three DT12a isolates were derived from the other group of four DT12a isolates, where the root of the tree might be. The data also confirmed that DT64 arose from DT9. The phylogenetic tree that was generated based on essentially mutational changes provides clear relationships of the closely related Typhimurium isolates with high level of consistency and reasonable confidence. This study provided one of the few analyses of relationships of isolates within a clone. Matching actual AFLP with computer modeled AFLP and sequencing intergenic regions provide very good new strategies to identify mutational polymorphisms and to study the molecular evolutionary relationships in the closely related isolates.
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Moore, Gillian Fiona. "Factors influencing biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248173.

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Phan, Minh-Duy. "Analysis of IncHI1 plasmids in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608508.

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Holden, Nicola Jean. "The cold shock response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28240.

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The alternative sigma factor, ss, did not appear to play a significant role in cspB expression at low temperature. In contrast, Fis appeared to act as a positive regulator of cspB in stationary phase cultures. Cell survival assays (measured by ability to form colony forming units on nutrient agar plates) showed that 4% of cells that were in early exponential phase survived a rapid cold shock to 4°C, although survival was almost complete when cells were in lag phase or in late exponential phase. The alternative sigma factor, ss, did not appear to play a significant role in cell survival in response to a rapid temperature reduction to 4°C. The addition of an osmoprotectant, 0.3 M sucrose, protected against loss of plating viability to some degree for early exponential phase cells, when diluted to 4°C. 2-D PAGE analysis showed that the response of exponential phase S. typhimurium cells incubated at 10°C consisted of an adaptive phase followed by an acclimation phase, in agreement with previous reports for E. coli. Identification of CspA was verified by N-terminal sequencing. The response was delayed at 4°C and recovery of protein synthesis in the acclimation phase was not as extensive, as observed at 10°C. CspA was synthesised throughout the period of incubation at 4°C. Growth phase was found to severely affect de novo protein synthesis at low temperature. Incubation of stationary phase cells at 10°C or 4°C resulted in repression of the synthesis of the majority of proteins, although a small set of proteins was induced. CspA was not detected at 37°C, but was highly induced at 10°C. However, prolonged incubation at 4°C led to complete repression of protein synthesis, except for CspA. This study has shown that S. typhimurium adapts to low temperature in a dynamic fashion and expression of CspA is a major feature of the response. Furthermore, it appears that exponential phase S. typhimurium cells are metabolically active even after 4 days at refrigeration temperatures.
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Perkins, Timothy Trevor. "Characterisation of the transcriptome and proteome of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611537.

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Bjur, Eva. "Virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and innate antibacterial host responses /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-946-7/.

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Sangal, Vartul. "Multilocus sequence typing analyses of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15883.

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Serovare von Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica sind im allgemeinen pathogen für Mensch und andere Säugetiere. In dieser Arbeit habe ich anhand eines “Multilocus Sequences Typing” Typisierungsschemas die Populationsstruktur einer der am häufigsten auftretenden Serovaren dieser Subspecies, das aus Menschen und Schlachttieren isolierte Serovar Newport charakterisiert. Dieses Schema wurde auch für die Charakterisierung von Isolaten derselben Subspecies aus humanen Dauerträgern und Reptilien verwandt, um zu bestimmen, ob Isolate aus diesen Quellen sich in ihrer Populationstruktur von denjenigen unterscheiden, die aus anderen Quellen isoliert wurden. Multilocus Sequences Typing ist eine weitgehend für die Untersuchung der Evolution und Populationsstruktur von einen breiten Spektrum von Organismen verwendete Technik. 400 - 600 bp lange Fragmente von 7 Haushaltsgenen wurden sequenziert, und jede einzelne Sequenz jedes einzelnen Gens wurde eine Allelnummer zugeordnet. Jede einzelne Allelkombination wurde einem Sequenztyp zugeordnet. Die so gewonnenen Daten wurden weiter analysiert. Drei “Lineages”, Newport-I, Newport-II und Newport-III, wurden innerhalb dieses Serovars identifiziert, die jeweils aus Menschen in Europa, Tieren und Menschen in Nordamerika isoliert wurden. Der Multiresistenz-Phänotyp wurde häufiger in Newport II gefunden, während die meisten Newport III Isolate pan-sensitiv waren. Verglichen mit anderen Serovaren war die Anzahl von “Lineages” innerhalb Newport höher als bei Enteritidis, Kentucky und Typhimurium, aber niedriger als bei Paratyphi B. Das heisst, die Serovare von S. enterica subspecies enterica variieren stark in ihrer Populationsstruktur. Die Sequenztypen in Isolaten aus humanen Dauerträgern waren im allgemeinen am häufigsten in Isolaten von klinischen Patienten und Tieren vorhanden. In der Mehrheit der Serovaren waren die meisten Isolate aus Patienten und Tieren genetisch identisch mit solchen, die aus gesunden Trägern isoliert wurden. Die genetische Variabilität war zwischen Isolaten aus diesen Quellen vergleichbar. Diese Ergebnissen deuten daraufhin, dass Salmonellen aus Dauerträgern sowie Isolate aus Patienten und Tieren derselben Population angehören. Die meisten Serovare aus Reptilienisolaten waren genetisch identisch mit denen von Menschen und warmblütigen Tieren. In den Serovaren Bovismorbificans, Decatur, Miami und Oranienburg hingegen waren die meisten Isolate aus Reptilien genetisch anders als Isolate aus anderen Wirten. Allerdings wurden nur wenige Isolate der Serovaren Bovismorbificans, Decatur und Miami aus Reptilien und nur wenige Isolate der Serovaren Oranienburg aus anderen Quellen getestet; eine grössere Anzahl von Isolaten müsste daher untersucht werden, um festzustellen ob diese genetischen Unterschiede statistich signifikant sind oder nicht.
Serovars of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica are generally pathogenic to humans and other mammals. In this study, I examined the population structure of one of the most common serovars of this subspecies isolated from humans and food animals, serovar Newport, using a multilocus sequence typing scheme. This scheme was also used to analyze isolates of this subspecies from chronic human carriers and reptiles to determine whether isolates from these sources represent distinct populations than those from other hosts. Multilocus sequence typing has extensively been used to study evolution and population structure of a wide range of organisms. 400-600 bp fragments of 7 housekeeping genes were sequenced and every unique sequence of each gene fragment was given a distinct allele number. Each unique combination of alleles was assigned a distinct sequence type number. The data were used in further analyses. Three lineages, namely Newport-I, Newport-II and Newport-III were identified within serovar Newport which were associated to European humans, animals and humans in North America, respectively. Multidrug resistance phenotypes were most common in Newport-II whereas most isolates in Newport-III were pan-susceptible. When compared to other serovars, the numbers of lineages within Newport were higher than for Enteritidis, Kentucky and Typhimurium but lower than for Paratyphi B. Therefore, serovars of S. enterica subspecies enterica vary greatly in their population structures. The sequence types observed for isolates from chronic human carriers were generally the most common among human-clinical and animal isolates. Most isolates from non-carrier humans plus animals were genetically identical to the carried isolates within most serovars. Genetic diversity was also comparable between isolates from these sources. These results suggest that salmonellae from chronic human carriers belong to the same population as isolates from non-carrier humans and animals. For most serovars, most isolates from reptiles were genetically identical to those from humans or other warm blooded animals. However, in serovars Bovismorbificans, Decatur, Miami and Oranienburg, most reptile isolates were genetically distinct from isolates from other hosts. Only few reptile isolates were tested from Bovismorbificans, Decatur and Miami and only few non-reptile isolates were tested from Oranienburg, and in larger numbers of such isolates would be needed to determine whether these differences are statistically significant.
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Books on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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Russell, Dean. The measurement of orgA gene expression in salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium using competitive RT-PCR. [S.l: The author], 2002.

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(Editor), A. M. Saeed, Richard K. Gast (Editor), Morris E. Potter (Editor), and Patrick G. Wall (Editor), eds. Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Humans and Animals: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control. Iowa State Press, 1999.

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M, Saeed A., Gast Richard K, and Potter Morris E, eds. Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in humans and animals: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1999.

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Smith, Adam Christopher. Quantitative study of the phagosome maturation pathway and the alteration of this pathway by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium through the use of Rab GTPases. 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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Bossi, Lionello, and Nara Figueroa-Bossi. "Prophage Arsenal of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." In Phages, 165—P7. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816506.ch8.

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Olsen, John E., Derek J. Brown, Dorte L. Baggesen, and Magne Bisgaard. "Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Berta." In Biology of Salmonella, 105–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2854-8_12.

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Römling, Ute. "Cyclic di-GMP Signaling in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." In Microbial Cyclic Di-Nucleotide Signaling, 395–425. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33308-9_24.

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Hancock, Dale, Thomas Besser, John Gay, Daniel Rice, Margaret Davis, and Clive Gay. "The Global Epidemiology of Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104." In Emerging Diseases of Animals, 217–43. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818050.ch11.

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Haque, Abdul. "Significance of Vi Negative Isolates of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 9–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7572-8_2.

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Hughes, Diarmaid, and Mirjana Macvanin. "Measurements of Heme Levels and Respiration Rate in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 105–12. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-279-7_8.

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Donazzolo, Chiara, Sara Turchetto, Martina Ustulin, Carlo Citterio, Gabriella Conedera, Denis Vio, Silvia Deotto, Tiziana Di Giusto, and Monia Cocchi. "6. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis strains from wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Italy." In Game meat hygiene, 121–27. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-840-7_6.

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Hausmann, Annika, and Wolf-Dietrich Hardt. "The Interplay between Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and the Intestinal Mucosa during Oral Infection." In Bacteria and Intracellularity, 41–57. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781683670261.ch3.

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Bearson, Bradley L. "Molecular Profiling: Catecholamine Modulation of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." In Microbial Endocrinology: Interkingdom Signaling in Infectious Disease and Health, 167–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_7.

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Arce, Cristina, Angela Moreno, and Juan Jose Garrido. "Proteomic analysis of host responses to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in gut of naturally infected Iberian pigs." In Farm animal proteomics, 59–62. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-751-6_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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Baggesen, Dorte Lau, Nina R. Steenhard, Tim K. Jensen, Allan Roepstorff, and Kristian Møller. "ExperimentaF8tud~ of the interaction between Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Oesophagostomum spp." In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-1160.

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Bergeron, N., Ann Letellier, F. Daigle, and Sylvain Quessy. "Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates associated with septicaemia in swine." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-54.

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Lopes, G. V., G. B. Michael, S. Schwarz, and M. Cardoso. "Antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Derby isolates from pig abattoirs." In 10th International Conference on the Epidemiology and Control of Biological, Chemical and Physical Hazards in Pigs and Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-941.

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Ziemer, Cherie J. "Evaluation of culture methods for investigation of Salmonella enterica serovar ecology in feces." In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-1182.

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Cardoso, M., G. V. Lopes, and L. E. Silva. "Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Derby and Typhimurium isolated from pigs slaughtered in southern Brazil." In Ninth International Conference on the Epidemiology and Control of Biological, Chemical and Physical Hazards in Pigs and Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-663.

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Kranker, Søren, Lis Alban, and Jaap Boes. "Longitudinal study of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in three Danish farrow-to-finish swineherds." In Fifth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Foodborn Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-523.

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"Detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in Milk Sample Using Electrochemical Immunoassay and Enzyme Amplified Labeling." In International Conference on Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c414053.

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Bearson, S., J. Uthe, Y. Wang, L. Qu, J. Dekkers, D. Nettleton, B. Bearson, and C. Tuggle. "Associations of the porcine immune response and genetic polymorphisms with the shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-96.

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Bearson, B. L., and S. M. D. Bearson. "The QseBC Quorum Sensing System is Involved in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Colonization of the Swine Gastrointestinal Tract." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-63.

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Bearson, B. L., and S. M. D. Bearson. "Serological Response of Swine to an Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Strain that Reduces Gastrointestinal Colonization, Fecal Shedding and Disease due to Virulent Salmonella Typhimurium." In Ninth International Conference on the Epidemiology and Control of Biological, Chemical and Physical Hazards in Pigs and Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-629.

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Reports on the topic "Salmonella enterica Serovar Sofia"

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Mateva, Gergana, Karl Pedersen, Gitte Sorensen, Mia Torpdahl, and Hristo Daskalov. Genetic Polymorphism and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolates from Food Chain Sources. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.07.04.

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Abasht, Behnam, Michael G. Kaiser, Jan van der Pool, and Susan J. Lamont. Toll-Like Receptor Gene Expression in Cecum and Spleen of Chicks Challenged with Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-145.

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