Journal articles: 'Saline effluents'

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Andrade, Marcelo da S., Josiani F. de Sousa, Marciana B. de Morais, and Cynthia C. de Albuquerque. "Saline pisciculture effluent as an alternative for irrigation of Croton blanchetianus (Euphorbiaceae)." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 27, no. 4 (April 2023): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n4p256-263.

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ABSTRACT The use of saline effluents from fish farming in agricultural activities has been increasing, especially in semiarid regions. This study was to evaluate the use of saline effluents from fish farming for the irrigation of Croton blanchetianus and to analyze the physiological and biochemical responses. After the cuttings were planted, irrigation with the effluent began. Treatments included four salinity levels (control, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 dS m-1). The control treatment was the supply water (0.56 dS m-1). The evaluated variables were growth, relative water content, dry biomass, and levels of proteins, proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and photosynthetic pigments. Physiological and biochemical adjustments ensured the maintenance of relative water content and osmotic adjustment under saline conditions without increasing lipid peroxidation. The salinity levels did not affect C. blanchetianus, indicating the lack of saline stress. The fish farm effluents are rich in organic matter, from food, and excrement, which was beneficial for the development of C. blanchetianus. The reuse of saline effluents from fish farming for the irrigation of C. blanchetianus can be a viable environmental alternative, avoiding direct disposal into the environment.

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Rosa, M. F., R. T. Albuquerque, J. M. O. Fernandes, S. G. F. Leite, and R. A. Medronho. "NITRIFICATION OF SALINE EFFLUENTS." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 14, no. 2 (June 1997): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66321997000200007.

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Минулин, М. Ф., Н. П. Коновалов, and Н. А. Ищук. "CATALYTIC TREATMENT OF SALINE EFFLUENTS." Южно-Сибирский научный вестник, no. 4(38) (August 31, 2021): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25699/sssb.2021.38.4.003.

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Процессы окисления органических и неорганических веществ занимают важное место в современной химии и технологии. Представляется естественным, что подобные процессы должны быть полифункциональными и высокоэффективными. Кроме того, весьма желательно, чтобы они происходили в достаточно мягких условиях – идеальными условиями (пока в большинстве случаев труднодостижимыми) являются атмосферное давление и комнатная температура. В настоящее время большинство процессов, используемых в промышленности, идут с достаточно высокой селективностью, и требуют для своего осуществления соответственно жестких условий (температура выше 100°С и повышенное давление). Более селективными и менее энергоемкими во многих случаях оказываются процессы, использующие в качестве окислителей связанный кислород (перманганаты, бихроматы, гипохлориты, различные пероксиды). Однако такие окислители находят применение только для малотоннажных продуктов, поскольку, как правило, достаточно дороги и дефицитны. Кроме того, их использование часто приводит к образованию не утилизируемых отходов. Поэтому реально в качестве окислителя для обезвреживания НДМГ, ДМА, метанола мы можем рассматривать только молекулярный кислород. Этот окислитель дешев, а единственными отходами процесса являются продукты окисления это вода, азот и СО2. Поэтому, поиск новых каталитических систем в этой области представляет собой важную и интересную задачу. Перспективным классом соединений, среди которых уже найдены подобные катализаторы, являются соединения переходных металлов, в частности, кобальта, никеля, меди, палладия и др. The processes of oxidation of organic and inorganic substances occupy an important place in modern chemistry and technology. It seems natural that such processes should be multifunctional and highly efficient. In addition, it is highly desirable that they occur in fairly mild conditions – the ideal conditions (while in most cases difficult to achieve) are atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Currently, most of the processes used in industry are carried out with a sufficiently high selectivity, and require correspondingly harsh conditions for their implementation (temperature above 100°C and increased pressure). In many cases, processes using bound oxygen as oxidants (permanganates, bichromates, hypochlorites, various peroxides) are more selective and less energy-intensive. However, such oxidizing agents are used only for low-tonnage products, since, as a rule, they are quite expensive and scarce. In addition, their use often leads to the formation of non-recyclable waste. Therefore, we can really consider only molecular oxygen as an oxidizer for the neutralization of NDMG, DMA, and methanol. This oxidizer is cheap, and the only waste products of the process are the oxidation products of water, nitrogen and CO2. Therefore, the search for new catalytic systems in this area is an important and interesting task. A promising class of compounds, among which similar catalysts have already been found, are compounds of transition metals, in particular, cobalt, nickel, copper, palladium, etc.

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Gómez, Silvia, Carlos Felipe Hurtado, Jaime Orellana, and José Andrés Gallardo. "Salinity reduction by Sarcocornia neei in hydroponics: implications in marine aquaculture wastewater remediation." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 51, no. 3 (July 2, 2023): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol51-issue3-fulltext-3031.

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Salinization has become one of the main environmental problems affecting the worldwide ecological balance. The effluent discharge of saline industrial effluents, such as marine aquaculture, and its rapid increase in global production in the last decades has become an important part of this problem. The halophyte Sarcocornia neei (Lag.) has proven its ability to remove and assimilate nutrients from saline wastewater, making it a promising candidate for application in phytoremediation systems. In this study, its ability to reduce water salinity was evaluated. For this purpose, the plants were reared for 53 days in artificial effluents at four different salinities: A) 0, B) 10, C) 20, and D) 30 g L-1. A significant salt reduction was obtained in all treatments with NaCl addition. The maximum decrease was achieved in treatment C, reducing 6.91 ± 1.52 g L-1, approximately 35% of the total added at the beginning of the trials. Plants tolerated all salt content ranges; no mortality or salt stress symptoms were observed in any treatment. The results obtained are a first approach suggesting that S. neei could be used for bio-desalination of saline wastewater. Further studies are needed to evaluate its application in pilot systems integrated into saline industrial effluents.

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Figueroa, M., A. Mosquera-Corral, J. L. Campos, and R. Méndez. "Treatment of saline wastewater in SBR aerobic granular reactors." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 2 (August 1, 2008): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.406.

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Fish canning effluents characterized by their salt content, up to 30 g NaCl/L, were treated, previously diluted to desired concentration, in a SBR where aerobic granular sludge was produced. The formation of mature aerobic granules occurred after 75 days of operation with 3.4 mm of diameter, SVI of 30 mL/g VSS and density around 60 g VSS/L-granule. Treated organic loading rates were up to 1.72 kg COD/(m3·d) with fully organic matter depletion. Ammonia nitrogen was removed via nitrification-denitrification up to 40% when nitrogen loading rates were of 0.18 kg N/(m3·d). The presence of salt in the treated effluent did not cause a detrimental effect on the operation of the reactor once the aerobic granules were formed.

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Hills, Kasey A., Ross V. Hyne, and Ben J. Kefford. "Species of freshwater invertebrates that are sensitive to one saline water are mostly sensitive to another saline water but an exception exists." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1764 (December 3, 2018): 20180003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0003.

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Coal mining and extraction of methane from coal beds generate effluent with elevated salinity or major ion concentrations. If discharged to freshwater systems, these effluents may have adverse environmental effects. There is a growing body of work on freshwater invertebrates that indicates variation in the proportion of major ions can be more important than salinity when determining toxicity. However, it is not known if saline toxicity in a subset of species is representative of toxicity across all freshwater invertebrates. If patterns derived from a subset of species are representative of all freshwater invertebrates, then we would expect a correlation in the relative sensitivity of these species to multiple saline waters. Here, we determine if there is a correlation between the acute (96 h) lethal toxicity in freshwater invertebrates to synthetic marine salts (SMS) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) added to dechlorinated Sydney tap water. NaHCO 3 is a major component of many coal bed effluents. However, most salinization in Australia exhibits ionic composition similar to seawater, which has very little HCO 3 − . Across all eight species tested, NaHCO 3 was 2–50 times more toxic than SMS. We also observed strong correlations in the acute toxicity of seven of the tested species to SMS and NaHCO 3 . The strongest relationship (LC50 r 2 = 0.906) was dependent on the exclusion of one species, Paratya australiensis (Decopoda: Atyidae), which was the most sensitive species tested to NaHCO 3 , but the second-most tolerant of SMS. We conclude that differences in the toxicity of different proportions of major ions can be similar across a wide range of species. Therefore, a small subset of the invertebrate community can be representative of the whole. However, there are some species, which based on the species tested in the current study appear to be a minority, that respond differently to saline effluent and need to be considered separately. We discuss the implications of this study for the management of saline coal bed waters. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.

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Diaz, Mónica R., Javier Araneda, Andrea Osses, Jaime Orellana, and José A. Gallardo. "Efficiency of Salicornia neei to Treat Aquaculture Effluent from a Hypersaline and Artificial Wetland." Agriculture 10, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120621.

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In this study, we evaluated the potential of Salicornia neei, a halophyte plant native to South America, to treat saline effluents with simulated concentration of ammonium-N (Amm) and nitrate-N (Nit) in a similar manner to land-based marine aquaculture effluents. Plants were cultivated for 74 days in drainage lysimeters under three treatments of seawater fertilized with: (1) Nit + Amm, (2) Nit, or (3) without fertilizer (Control). Over five repetitions, nitrogen removal efficiency (RE) was high in both treatments (Nit + Amm = 89.6% ± 1.0%; Nit 88.8% ± 0.9%), whereas the nitrogen removal rate (RR) was nonlinear and concentration-dependent (RRday1–4: Nit + Amm = 2.9 ± 0.3 mg L−1 d−1, Nit = 2.4 ± 0.5 mg L−1 d−1; RRday5–8: Nit + Amm = 0.8 ± 0.2 mg L−1 d−1, Nit = 1.0 ± 0.2 mg L−1 d−1). Effluent salinity increased from 40.6 to 49.4 g L−1 during the experiment, with no observed detrimental effects on RE or RR. High nitrogen removal efficiency and significant biomass production were observed (Nit + Amm = 11.3 ± 2.0 kg m−2; Nit = 10.0 ± 0.8 kg m−2; Control = 4.6 ± 0.6 kg m−2) demonstrate that artificial wetlands of S. neei can be used for wastewater treatment in saline aquaculture in South America.

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Oliveira, Ana Soares de, Regina Celia Pereira Marques, and Wyllame Carlos Gondim Fernandes. "Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential of Moringa oleifera in the treatment of effluents from the petroleum industry." Concilium 24, no. 1 (January 12, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-2531-24a01.

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Industrial growth generates waste, where produced water (PW) poses a challenge due to its chemical complexity. Concerns about potential health effects, including a link to Alzheimer's disease, arise with flocculants like aluminum sulfate. Studies indicate that Moringa oleifera seeds have coagulation activity. Thus, this study aimed to compare the oil/water removal efficiency of PW through flocculation between aluminum sulfate and M. oleifera seed-based coagulants in saline and aqueous media. The synthetic matrix was treated with these flocculants, revealing a notable reduction in oil and grease levels (TOG), especially with saline extracts showing removal above 69%, notably Moringa purified + NaCl exhibiting substantial potential, second only to aluminum sulfate. Additionally, in total solids analysis, the saline extract of purified seeds achieved 67% removal of T.S, while the commercial counterpart reached 72%. Toxicity analysis on Artemia salina indicates that M. oleifera treatments resulted in over 50% mortality, yet exhibited reduced toxicity compared to synthetic matrix (petroleum) and aluminum sulfate.

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Aina, Oluwajinmi Daniel, and Farrukh Ahmad. "Carcinogenic health risk from trihalomethanes during reuse of reclaimed water in coastal cities of the Arabian Gulf." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 3, no. 2 (February 27, 2013): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2013.062.

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Trihalomethane (THM) occurrence in reclaimed water and its exposure risk to human health during non-potable reuse was evaluated for a coastal Arabian city. Recycled water was monitored at two representative wastewater treatment facilities: a city-wide activated sludge treatment (AST) plant and a neighborhood membrane bioreactor (MBR). Actual total THM concentrations in the post-chlorinated effluents varied with effluent temperature, peaking at 69.28 ± 2.54 μg/L and 41.15 ± 2.34 μg/L in AST and MBR effluents, respectively, in summer. Higher bromide concentration and favorable Br−/Cl2 ratio during disinfection in the AST resulted in stronger brominated THM speciation. Conversely, the MBR effluent was dominated by chloroform. Salinity fingerprinting indicated the presence of saline water in the AST effluent. Individual excess lifetime cancer risk (IELCR) was calculated using the outdoor box exposure model based on annual peak THM concentrations and peak THM formation potential (THMFP) for each species. Inhalation exposure to chloroform in the MBR effluent using peak THMFP values presented the highest cancer risks of 1.28 × 10−6 and 1.12 × 10−6 to residential adult and child receptors, respectively, exceeding the USEPA IELCR guidance threshold of 1 × 10−6 for carcinogens. Chlorinated THM species are important in determining the health risk from reclaimed water during non-potable water reuse.

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Simões, Welson Lima, Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães, Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo, Alexandre Fernandes Perazzo, and Leticia Dos Santos Belfort Prates. "Chemical-bromatological characteristics of forage sorghum varieties irrigated with saline effluents from fish farming." Comunicata Scientiae 10, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v10i1.1943.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and bromatological characteristics of forage sorghum varieties subjected to different leaching fractions of saline effluents from fish farming in the Semiarid region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 3×4 factorial arrangement with four replications, consisting of three forage sorghum varieties (Volumax, F305, and Sudão) and four leaching fractions (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) of saline (electrical conductivity of 2.5 dS m-1) effluent from fish farming. The organic matter, dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose contents of the plants were evaluated. The crude protein contents of the plant components, and mineral matter content of leaves and panicles increased, and the NDF of leaves decreased in treatments with the highest leaching fractions. The F305 variety presented better chemical-bromatological characteristics compared to the other sorghum varieties evaluated.

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Tillman, R. W., and A. Surapaneni. "Some soil-related issues in the disposal of effluent on land." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 3 (2002): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00133.

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There is increasing environmental pressure to dispose of waste effluents on land, rather than discharging them directly into surface waterways. In addition to reducing impacts on water quality, land disposal of effluents offers the possibility of beneficial recycling of water and essential plant nutrients. Frequently, however, waste water contains high concentrations of dissolved salts, particularly sodium, that can affect the levels of salinity and sodicity in soils. This, in turn, can diminish the utility of soils for productive agriculture. Astute soil management can often ameliorate these adverse affects but this may require land-use practices that reduce the commercial return from farming activities. It is therefore important to identify the main purpose of effluent disposal areas and to compensate land users appropriately when the operation of the effluent disposal scheme affects farm profitability. If farmers are forced by commercial pressures to adopt inappropriate land use practices on areas used for effluent disposal, the operation of the scheme will be compromised, and there may even be the risk of complete failure. The results of a limited number of experiments investigating the application of effluents to land in northern Victoria are used to demonstrate these risks. The effects on soil chemical properties of applying saline–sodic waste water to land are now well understood. Considerably less certain are the effects of these changes on soil chemical properties, on the physical properties of soils and the way soils behave under various land uses — such as cultivation or grazing by heavy animals. Various approaches to modelling and predicting the impacts on soil of irrigation with saline–sodic waste water are discussed. A number of simple, classification models, based on practical experience and empirical equations, currently provide valuable assistance for land managers. More complex, mechanistic models have been developed that describe successfully the movement of water and salts through soils, given appropriate soil measurements as input parameters. The major limitations now are the availability of soil data at an appropriate scale and an understanding of the ways changes in soil chemical properties affect soil physical properties and subsequent soil behaviour. In particular there is a need to investigate those critical zones at the soil surface or the top of the B horizon where water movement is impeded in sodic soils.

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Ferraz, Ana Claudia Pinto, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, Athos Mois´és Lopes Silva, Regina Mambeli Barros, Marcia Viana Lisboa Martins, and Alana Lopes Junho. "Wastewater treatment from potato processing industry using Moringa Oleifera-based coagulant." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 12, no. 7 (July 15, 2021): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2021.007.0020.

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Potato is the third most important food crop on the planet. The potato processing industry produces a variety of food products and has high effluent generation with high organic load and solids content. These must be treated before being disposed of in water bodies. One of the options for treatment of industrial effluents widely studied in the literature is the use of natural coagulants. In this context, this work aims to evaluate the efficiency of effluent treatment of a potato processing industry in Brazil through the use of coagulants based on Moringa Oleifera. Five flocculation essays (Jar Essay) were performed, evaluating the use of Moringa Oleifera both in direct use (flour crushed) and in saline solution, for different coagulant mass and volume values. Turbidity removal rates close to 93% were obtained when using Moringa Oleifera in saline as a coagulant, which is the most efficient use of Moringa seeds compared to their direct use. BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) removal was also high, with values around 90%. The Moringa planting area required for effluent treatment of the studied industry is 1.14 ha. The obtained results allowed the identification of the optimal coagulant dosages to be used and demonstrate the feasibility of using Moringa Oleifera to treat potato processing effluent.

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Mahessar, A. A., A. N. Laghari, S. Qureshi, I. A. Siming, A. L. Qureshi, and F. A. Shaikh. "Environmental Impact Assessment of the Tidal Link Failure and Sea Intrusion on Ramsar Site No. 1069." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 3 (June 8, 2019): 4148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2686.

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This paper presents the impact on the RAMSAR site No. 1069 that receives fresh water by the Kotri drainage system. At present, the complex faces threats by effluents from the Left Bank Outfall Drain (LBOD) system and from saline seawater intrusion during high tides. These threats have destroyed the ecosystem of the lakes Cholari, Mehro, Pateji and Sanhro belonging to the complex. The total present lake area, maintained at the Cholari weir crest level, is about 170km2. The lakes are expanding, available data shows that there is an increase up to 700% in the original lakes’ area, from 6058 to 41220 acres from 1954 to 1977. This is mainly caused by the operation of Kotri Barrage surface drainage system and has positive impact on lakes’ ecology because the drainage effluent is of marginal salinity. The rapid increase in the lakes’ area, of about 40% within 2 years after the functioning of the Tidal Link with saline effluents from LBOD and sea intruded water have changed the ecology of the area. This posed a significant impact on the ecosystem. Conversely, a similar rise in water level due to sea intrusion has nearly doubled the surface area and reposed a negative impact on the system. These lakes were giving shelter to a wide variety of local and migratory birds and had aquatic biodiversity. Hence, parts of Sanhro and Mehro dhands have been recognized by the RAMSAR Convention

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Junho, Alana Lopes, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, Athos Moisés Lopes Silva, Regina Mambeli Barros, Daniele Ornaghi Sant'Anna, and Ana Claudia Pinto Ferraz. "Treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry with Moringa Oleífera using two different methods." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 7 (June 18, 2021): e21710716514. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16514.

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Dairy foods represent a large market, grossing more than $125 billion per year worldwide. Dairy effluent has high organic load and therefore must be treated before disposing in the water bodies. Natural coagulants represent a good option for effluent treatment, among which is the Moringa Oleífera (MO) seed. In this sense, the present work experimentally evaluates the effluent treatment efficiency of the dairy industrial effluents using coagulants based on the MO seed, also discussing environmental and economic potentialities of seed planting. Evaluation was carried out by use of the MO seed both directly (comminuted) and in saline solution by Jar Test essay. The COD clarification and removal efficiency of the crude sample was evaluated for different initial turbidity and coagulant volume scenarios. The results showed a high turbidity reduction efficiency (between 97 and 99%) in most of the tests by the direct use of MO seeds. The cropped area required for this application in a dairy industry with processing of 10 m³ of milk per day was 1775 m². The use of MO seed in saline solution did not achieve the same efficiency, indicating the need to optimize the test parameters. The results might to base more extensive discussions of potentialities and limitations of the use of MO seed as a potential coagulant.

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Mitko, Krzysztof, Piotr Dydo, Andrzej K. Milewski, Joanna Bok-Badura, Agata Jakóbik-Kolon, Tomasz Krawczyk, Anna Cieplok, et al. "Mine Wastewater Effect on the Aquatic Diversity and the Ecological Status of the Watercourses in Southern Poland." Water 16, no. 9 (May 1, 2024): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16091292.

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Coal mining activity contributes to energy security and employment occupation, but is associated with environmental deterioration. Coal combustion leads to GHG emissions, while coal mining results in the generation of saline effluents. These effluents are discharged in inland surface waters, applying significant pressure on their quality, with a negative impact on aquatic life and the economy of a region. This study includes water samples that were analyzed in order to investigate the organic compounds, heavy metals, and other physicochemical parameters. Biological monitoring was done according to the Water Framework Directive methodology. The results from an aquatic area in Southern Poland, which indirectly receives coal mine effluents, indicate elevated salinity with excessive chlorides, sulfates, and sodium ions. The water quality of another non-polluted aquatic area was also assessed to examine the impact of indirect coal mine wastewater discharge on this area. The high salinity levels hinder the use of river water for drinking, agricultural, or industrial purposes. The results obtained show high pressure on the ecological status of streams and rivers that receive mine effluents, and on the density and diversity of aquatic invertebrates. This pressure is clearly visible in the structure of benthic communities and in invertebrate diversity. It also contributes to the appearance of invasive species and increasing water salinity. Limiting discharges of mine water transporting large loads of saline substances would reduce the negative impact on the quality of river waters and biological life.

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Thompson, J. G. "Behaviour of sesquioxic clay soils subjected to alkaline and saline effluents." South African Journal of Plant and Soil 2, no. 4 (January 1985): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1985.10634174.

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Alvarino, Lauro Adeilson da Silva, Fernando Manzotti, Wardleison Martins Moreira, Thiago Peixoto de Araújo, Daniel Tait Vareschini, and Maria Angélica Simões Dornellas de Barros. "Antibacterial Potential of Activated Carbon Impregnated with Garlic Extract." Processes 11, no. 10 (October 11, 2023): 2948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11102948.

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Contamination of water resources by pathogenic microorganisms is a major concern worldwide. As an example, hospitals generate effluents with a wide range of chemical and microbiological contaminants. These effluents are generally not treated beforehand due to the high costs and are, therefore, mixed with domestic effluents in regional treatment systems. Thus, actions to maintain water quality include the development of appropriate materials for its sustainable treatment. In this context, this study aims to develop natural antibacterial materials by impregnating aqueous and alcoholic extracts of garlic in activated babassu charcoal to reduce the microbial load of effluents. This material has been tested in a standard saline solution, which simulates the composition of hospital wastewater and allows bacteria to develop. The biomaterials were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, pHPZC assays, Boehm’s method, and microbiological assays. Significant antibacterial activities were verified for the garlic extract-impregnated biomaterials; the activated carbon functionalized with HNO3 and impregnated with aqueous garlic extract inhibited 100% of E. coli growth. This result pointed to garlic extract associated with babassu activated carbon as a green alternative for the pre-treatment of complex effluents, such as hospital effluents.

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Custódio, Marco, Paulo Cartaxana, Sebastián Villasante, Ricardo Calado, and Ana Isabel Lillebø. "LED Lighting and High-Density Planting Enhance the Cost-Efficiency of Halimione Portulacoides Extraction Units for Integrated Aquaculture." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 4995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114995.

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Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants that can be used to extract dissolved inorganic nutrients from saline aquaculture effluents under a production framework commonly known as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA). Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen (common name: sea purslane) is an edible saltmarsh halophyte traditionally consumed by humans living near coastal wetlands and is considered a promising extractive species for IMTA. To better understand its potential for IMTA applications, the present study investigates how artificial lighting and plant density affect its productivity and capacity to extract nitrogen and phosphorous in hydroponic conditions that mimic aquaculture effluents. Plant growth was unaffected by the type of artificial lighting employed—white fluorescent lights vs. blue-white LEDs—but LED systems were more energy-efficient, with a 17% reduction in light energy costs. Considering planting density, high-density units of 220 plants m−2 produced more biomass per unit of area (54.0–56.6 g m−2 day−1) than did low-density units (110 plants m−2; 34.4–37.1 g m−2 day−1) and extracted more dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Overall, H. portulacoides can be easily cultivated hydroponically using nutrient-rich saline effluents, where LEDs can be employed as an alternative to fluorescent lighting and high-density planting can promote higher yields and extraction efficiencies.

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Rose, P. D., B. A. Maart, T. D. Phillips, S. L. Tucker, A. K. Cowan, and R. A. Rowswell. "Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration Used in Algal High Rate Oxidation Pond Treatment of Saline Organic Effluents with the Recovery of Products of Value." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 10 (May 1, 1992): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0258.

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An algal high rate oxidation ponding process for treating organic s present in saline effluents has been described. The extreme halophile Dunaliella salina can be made to predominate in the system by manipulating salinity, producing products of value together with a waste treatment function. Application in treating tannery saline organic wastes was examined. Techniques appropriate for the harvesting of micro-algae from this and other algal production systems presents a limiting factor in the development of algal biotechnology. Cross-flow filtration was evaluated as a technique for micro-algal cell separation. Both microfiltration and ultrafiltration were found to produce effective algal removal from the medium, Cross-flow ultrafiltration with a polyethersulfone coated tubular filter produced effective separation with the production of cell concentrates in a viable condition. Flux rates of 30 - 40 LMH fall within acceptable levels for application in industrial processes. Cell shattering observed with microfiltration precludes its use for recovering whole or viable cell concentrates.

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Sá, Francisco Vanies da Silva, Salvador Barros Torres, Francisca das Chagas de Oliveira, Antônio Sávio dos Santos, Antônia Adailha Torres Souza, Kleane Targino Oliveira Pereira, Tayd Dayvison Custódio Peixoto, et al. "Ecophysiology of Soursop Seedlings Irrigated with Fish Farming Effluent under NPK Doses." Sustainability 16, no. 11 (May 30, 2024): 4674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16114674.

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Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is a tropical fruit grown in the semi-arid region of Brazil, where problems of quantitative and qualitative scarcity of water for irrigation are frequent. Using alternative water sources, such as fish farming effluents, can increase water availability; however, it presents risks due to its high salinity levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with saline fish farming effluent and NPK doses on soursop seedlings’ ecophysiology. We conducted a greenhouse experiment using a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 5 factorial scheme. The factors consisted of two irrigation water sources (local supply water with 0.5 dS m−1 and fish farming effluent with 3.5 dS m−1) and five doses of NPK (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of the fertilizer recommendation of 100:300:150 mg dm−3 of N:P2O5:K2O for soil). The soursop seedlings showed the best growth results for plant height, stem diameter, and shoot dry mass when irrigated with low-salinity water at 95% of the recommended NPK dose. However, under saline stress, the soursop seedlings showed optimal growth when fertilized with 69% of NPK dose. We recommend the following NPK fertilization for soursop seedlings: 95:285:143 mg dm−3 of N:P2O5:K2O for those irrigated with low-salinity water and 69:207:104 mg dm−3 for those irrigated with fish farm effluent. Irrigating with fish farm effluent can be a practical option for soursop seedlings as it can help save fertilizers and promote environmental sustainability.

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Bôto, Maria, C. Almeida, and Ana Mucha. "Potential of Constructed Wetlands for Removal of Antibiotics from Saline Aquaculture Effluents." Water 8, no. 10 (October 18, 2016): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w8100465.

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Ding, Guoyu, Xiangru Zhang, Mengting Yang, and Yang Pan. "Formation of new brominated disinfection byproducts during chlorination of saline sewage effluents." Water Research 47, no. 8 (May 2013): 2710–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.036.

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Yang, Mengting, Jiaqi Liu, Xiangru Zhang, and Susan D. Richardson. "Comparative Toxicity of Chlorinated Saline and Freshwater Wastewater Effluents to Marine Organisms." Environmental Science & Technology 49, no. 24 (November 10, 2015): 14475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03796.

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Priyadarsani, Leesa, and Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham. "Water and sediment quality characteristics of medium saline traditional shrimp culture system (bheri)." Journal of Fisheries 4, no. 1 (February 24, 2016): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v4i1.2016.81.

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Quality of water in shrimp culture ponds depends on several physical, chemical and biological processes. In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of water and sediment samples from inlet, pond and outlet of a traditional shrimp culture pond, locally called as bheri, were examined for nine months from March to November 2011. Majority of the physicochemical parameters of bheri were well within the optimum levels. The average BOD values in pond water and outlet water were 2.03 ppm and 2.33 ppm, respectively. In pond water, the levels of ammonia were from 0.012 to 0.033 ppm, which was well within the safe level (<0.1 ppm). The present study recorded low levels of nitrite (0.0037 to 0.0043 ppm) and nitrate (0.056 - 0.091 ppm) in pond water, which was within the safe levels recommended for shrimp farming. These physicochemical parameters did not affect the cultured shrimp as there was no incidence of diseases or growth retardation during the culture period. The effluent water characteristics also did not vary much and well within the recommended levels for protecting the coastal ecosystem. It is unlikely that the traditional shrimp culture pose any adverse environmental effect when effluents are discharged into the open coastal ecosystem.

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Priyadarsani, Leesa, and Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham. "Water and sediment quality characteristics of medium saline traditional shrimp culture system (bheri)." Journal of Fisheries 4, no. 1 (February 24, 2016): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.108.

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Quality of water in shrimp culture ponds depends on several physical, chemical and biological processes. In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of water and sediment samples from inlet, pond and outlet of a traditional shrimp culture pond, locally called as bheri, were examined for nine months from March to November 2011. Majority of the physicochemical parameters of bheri were well within the optimum levels. The average BOD values in pond water and outlet water were 2.03 ppm and 2.33 ppm, respectively. In pond water, the levels of ammonia were from 0.012 to 0.033 ppm, which was well within the safe level (<0.1 ppm). The present study recorded low levels of nitrite (0.0037 to 0.0043 ppm) and nitrate (0.056 - 0.091 ppm) in pond water, which was within the safe levels recommended for shrimp farming. These physicochemical parameters did not affect the cultured shrimp as there was no incidence of diseases or growth retardation during the culture period. The effluent water characteristics also did not vary much and well within the recommended levels for protecting the coastal ecosystem. It is unlikely that the traditional shrimp culture pose any adverse environmental effect when effluents are discharged into the open coastal ecosystem.

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Correa-Galeote, David, Lucia Argiz, Angeles Val del Rio, Anuska Mosquera-Corral, Belen Juarez-Jimenez, Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez, and Belen Rodelas. "Dynamics of PHA-Accumulating Bacterial Communities Fed with Lipid-Rich Liquid Effluents from Fish-Canning Industries." Polymers 14, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071396.

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The biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from industrial wastes by mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) enriched in PHA-accumulating bacteria is a promising technology to replace petroleum-based plastics. However, the populations’ dynamics in the PHA-accumulating MMCs are not well known. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to address the shifts in the size and structure of the bacterial communities in two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with fish-canning effluents and operated under non-saline (SBR-N, 0.5 g NaCl/L) or saline (SBR-S, 10 g NaCl/L) conditions, by using a combination of quantitative PCR and Illumina sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. A double growth limitation (DGL) strategy, in which nitrogen availability was limited and uncoupled to carbon addition, strongly modulated the relative abundances of the PHA-accumulating bacteria, leading to an increase in the accumulation of PHAs, independently of the saline conditions (average 9.04 wt% and 11.69 wt%, maximum yields 22.03 wt% and 26.33% SBR-N and SBR-S, respectively). On the other hand, no correlations were found among the PHAs accumulation yields and the absolute abundances of total Bacteria, which decreased through time in the SBR-N and did not present statistical differences in the SBR-S. Acinetobacter, Calothrix, Dyella, Flavobacterium, Novosphingobium, Qipengyuania, and Tsukamurella were key PHA-accumulating genera in both SBRs under the DGL strategy, which was revealed as a successful tool to obtain a PHA-enriched MMC using fish-canning effluents.

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ARAÚJO, Eliane Gonçalves, Márcia Lima SILVA, Francisco Nobre de Abrantes NETO, Sheila Priscila Marques CABRAL, Carlos Alberto MARTINEZ-HUITLE, and Nedja Suely FERNANDES. "EFFECT OF A SALINE SOLUTION ON GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ATRIPLEX NUMMULARIA." Periódico Tchê Química 09, no. 18 (August 20, 2012): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v9.n18.2012.73_periodico18_pgs_73_86.pdf.

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This study aimed to analyze the effect of a saline solution on growth and chemical composition of Atriplex nummularia. These species seedlings were planted in the Garden of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Chemical characterization was performed using the Ion Chromatography (IC) and Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results of this analysis highlighted the diversity of anions and cations absorbed by the plant during its evolutionary process. Based on this study it was concluded that the Atriplex could be used as a source of absorbing salts from soils contaminated by effluents from industrial processes in which the saline water has as an end product of their processes.

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Xu, Renshun, Hervé Nabet, Audrey Breton, Patrick Baldoni-Andrey, Nicolas Lesage, Thomas Cacciaguerra, Vasile Hulea, Francois Fajula, and Anne Galarneau. "Highly Efficient Mesoporous Mg/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Ozonation of Saline Petroleum Effluents." Petroleum Chemistry 60, no. 8 (August 2020): 858–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965544120080150.

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29

Carrera, P., R. Campo, R. Méndez, G. Di Bella, J. L. Campos, A. Mosquera-Corral, and A. Val del Rio. "Does the feeding strategy enhance the aerobic granular sludge stability treating saline effluents?" Chemosphere 226 (July 2019): 865–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.127.

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30

Gebauer, Ruth. "Mesophilic anaerobic treatment of sludge from saline fish farm effluents with biogas production." Bioresource Technology 93, no. 2 (June 2004): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.10.024.

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Gong, Tingting, and Xiangru Zhang. "Detection, identification and formation of new iodinated disinfection byproducts in chlorinated saline wastewater effluents." Water Research 68 (January 2015): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.041.

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32

Huiliñir, C., M. Cristina Martí, E. Aspé, and M. Roeckel. "ORGANIC AND NITROGENOUS MATTER EFFECTS ON THE DENITRIFICATION OF SALINE AND PROTEIN‐RICH EFFLUENTS." Environmental Technology 29, no. 8 (August 2008): 881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330802015466.

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33

Jeison, D., A. Del Rio, and J. B. Van Lier. "Impact of high saline wastewaters on anaerobic granular sludge functionalities." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 6 (March 1, 2008): 815–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.098.

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Three UASB reactors were operated at different salinity levels in order to assess the effects on the granular sludge properties. High levels of activity inhibition were observed at sodium concentrations over 7 g Na+/L, which resulted in low applicable organic loading rates and VFA accumulation in reactor effluents. However, either sludge adaptation or selection for saline resistant microorganisms occurred, which could be concluded from the observed increase in the 50% activity inhibitory concentrations of sodium during continuous flow experiments. Changes in Na+ susceptibility in time are likely to be expected when treating saline wastewaters. The latter was evidenced by the high sodium tolerance of granular methanogenic sludge coming from a full-scale industrial reactor treating such wastewater. High salinity conditions resulted in a reduced granule strength, predicting process instabilities during long term reactor operation. Batch tests showed that high sodium concentrations seemed to displace the calcium from the granular sludge, a factor known to affect anaerobic granules formation.

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Sinton, Lester W., Carollyn H. Hall, Philippa A. Lynch, and Robert J. Davies-Colley. "Sunlight Inactivation of Fecal Indicator Bacteria and Bacteriophages from Waste Stabilization Pond Effluent in Fresh and Saline Waters." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 3 (March 2002): 1122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.3.1122-1131.2002.

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ABSTRACT Sunlight inactivation in fresh (river) water of fecal coliforms, enterococci, Escherichia coli, somatic coliphages, and F-RNA phages from waste stabilization pond (WSP) effluent was compared. Ten experiments were conducted outdoors in 300-liter chambers, held at 14°C (mean river water temperature). Sunlight inactivation (k S) rates, as a function of cumulative global solar radiation (insolation), were all more than 10 times higher than the corresponding dark inactivation (k D) rates in enclosed (control) chambers. The overall k S ranking (from greatest to least inactivation) was as follows: enterococci > fecal coliforms ≥ E. coli > somatic coliphages > F-RNA phages. In winter, fecal coliform and enterococci inactivation rates were similar but, in summer, enterococci were inactivated far more rapidly. In four experiments that included freshwater-raw sewage mixtures, enterococci survived longer than fecal coliforms (a pattern opposite to that observed with the WSP effluent), but there was little difference in phage inactivation between effluents. In two experiments which included simulated estuarine water and seawater, sunlight inactivation of all of the indicators increased with increasing salinity. Inactivation rates in freshwater, as seen under different optical filters, decreased with the increase in the spectral cutoff (50% light transmission) wavelength. The enterococci and F-RNA phages were inactivated by a wide range of wavelengths, suggesting photooxidative damage. Inactivation of fecal coliforms and somatic coliphages was mainly by shorter (UV-B) wavelengths, a result consistent with photobiological damage. Fecal coliform repair mechanisms appear to be activated in WSPs, and the surviving cells exhibit greater sunlight resistance in natural waters than those from raw sewage. In contrast, enterococci appear to suffer photooxidative damage in WSPs, rendering them susceptible to further photooxidative damage after discharge. This suggests that they are unsuitable as indicators of WSP effluent discharges to natural waters. Although somatic coliphages are more sunlight resistant than the other indicators in seawater, F-RNA phages are the most resistant in freshwater, where they may thus better represent enteric virus survival.

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Coskun, Tamer, Shaoyou Chu, and Marshall H. Montrose. "Intragastric pH regulates conversion from net acid to net alkaline secretion by the rat stomach." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 281, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): G870—G877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.4.g870.

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Our previous report showed gastric mucosal surface pH was determined by alkali secretion at intragastric luminal pH 3 but by acid secretion at intragastric pH 5. Here, we question whether regulation of mucosal surface pH is due to the effect of luminal pH on net acid/base secretions of the whole stomach. Anesthetized rats with a gastric cannula were used, the stomach lumen was perfused with weakly buffered saline, and gastric secretion was detected in the gastric effluent with 1) a flow-through pH electrode and 2) a fluorescent pH-sensitive dye (Cl-NERF). During pH 5 luminal perfusion, both pH sensors reported the gastric effluent was acidic (pH 4.79). After perfusion was stopped transiently (stop-flow), net acid accumulation was observed in the effluent when perfusion was restarted (peak change to pH 4.1–4.3). During pH 3 luminal perfusion, both pH sensors reported gastric effluent was close to perfusate pH (3.0–3.1), but net alkali accumulation was detected at both pH sensors after stop-flow (peak pH 3.3). Buffering capacity of gastric effluents was used to calculate net acid/alkaline secretions. Omeprazole blocked acid secretion during pH 5 perfusion and amplified net alkali secretion during pH 3 perfusion. Pentagastrin elicited net acid secretion under both luminal pH conditions, an effect antagonized by somatostatin. We conclude that in the basal condition, the rat stomach was acid secretory at luminal pH 5 but alkaline secretory at luminal pH 3.

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Yuzer, Burak, and Huseyin Selcuk. "Recovery of Biologically Treated Textile Wastewater by Ozonation and Subsequent Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis Process." Membranes 11, no. 11 (November 21, 2021): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11110900.

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The Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis process (BPMED) can produce valuable chemicals such as acid (HCl, H2SO4, etc.) and base (NaOH) from saline and brackish waters under the influence of an electrical field. In this study, BPMED was used to recover wastewater and salt in biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTWW). BPMED process, with and without pre-treatment (softening and ozonation), was evaluated under different operational conditions. Water quality parameters (color, remaining total organic carbon, hardness, etc.) in the acid, base and filtrated effluents of the BPMED process were evaluated for acid, base, and wastewater reuse purposes. Ozone oxidation decreased 90% of color and 37% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in BTTWW. As a result, dye fouling on the anion exchange membrane of the BPMED process was reduced. Subsequently, over 90% desalination efficiency was achieved in a shorter period. Generated acid, base, and effluent wastewater of the BPMED process were found to be reusable in wet textile processes. Results indicated that pre-ozonation and subsequent BPMED membrane systems might be a promising solution in converging to a zero discharge approach in the textile industry.

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Xu, Renshun, Hervé Nabet, Audrey Breton, Patrick Baldoni-Andrey, Nicolas Lesage, Thomas Cacciaguerra, Vasile Hulea, Francois Fajula, and Anne Galarneau. "Erratum to: Highly Efficient Mesoporous Mg/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Ozonation of Saline Petroleum Effluents." Petroleum Chemistry 61, no. 9 (September 2021): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s096554412109019x.

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Dönmez, Gönül, and Nur Koçberber. "Isolation of hexavalent chromium resistant bacteria from industrial saline effluents and their ability of bioaccumulation." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 36, no. 5-6 (April 2005): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2004.12.025.

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39

Luo, Guo-zhi, Niannian Ma, Ping Li, Hong-xin Tan, and Wenchang Liu. "Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion to Treat Saline Sludge from Recirculating Aquaculture Systems." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/479101.

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The effectiveness of carbohydrate addition and the use of ultrasonication as a pretreatment for the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of saline aquacultural sludge was assessed. Analyses were conducted using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR), which included stopped gas production attributed to the saline inhibition. After increasing the C : N ratio, gas production was observed, and the total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) removal efficiency increased from 75% to 80%. The TCOD removal efficiency of the sonication period was approximately 85%, compared to 75% for the untreated waste. Ultrasonication of aquaculture sludge was also found to enhance the gas production rate and the TCOD removal efficiency. The average volatile fatty acid (VFA) to alkalinity ratios ranged from 0.1 to 0.05, confirming the stability of the digesters. Furthermore, soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), VFA, andPO43-concentrations increased in the effluents. There was a 114% greater gas generation during the ultrasonication period, with an average production of 0.08 g COD/L·day−1.

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Jain, Aakanksha, Iman Bahreini Toussi, Abdolmajid Mohammadian, Hossein Bonakdari, and Majid Sartaj. "Applications of ANFIS-Type Methods in Simulation of Systems in Marine Environments." Mathematical and Computational Applications 27, no. 2 (March 21, 2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca27020029.

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ANFIS-type algorithms have been used in various modeling and simulation problems. With the help of algorithms with more accuracy and adaptability, it is possible to obtain better real-life emulating models. A critical environmental problem is the discharge of saline industrial effluents in the form of buoyant jets into water bodies. Given the potentially harmful effects of the discharge effluents from desalination plants on the marine environment and the coastal ecosystem, minimizing such an effect is crucial. Hence, it is important to design the outfall system properly to reduce these impacts. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, a study that formulates the effluent discharge to find an optimum numerical model under the conditions considered here using AI methods has not been completed before. In this study, submerged discharges, specifically, negatively buoyant jets are modeled. The objective of this study is to compare various artificial intelligence algorithms along with multivariate regression models to find the best fit model emulating effluent discharge and determine the model with less computational time. This is achieved by training and testing the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), ANFIS-Genetic Algorithm (GA), ANFIS-Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and ANFIS-Firefly Algorithm (FFA) models with input parameters, which are obtained by using the realizable k-ε turbulence model, and simulated parameters, which are obtained after modeling the turbulent jet using the OpenFOAM simulation platform. A comparison of the realizable k-ε turbulence model outputs and AI algorithms’ outputs is conducted in this study. Statistical parameters such as least error, coefficient of determination (R2), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Average Absolute Deviation (AED) are measured to evaluate the performance of the models. In this work, it is found that ANFIS-PSO performs better compared to the other four models and the multivariate regression model. It is shown that this model provides better R2, MAE, and AED, however, the non-hybrid ANFIS model provides reasonably acceptable results with lower computational costs. The results of the study demonstrate an error of 6.908% as the best-case scenario in the AI models.

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Qureshi, Muhammad Murtaza, Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Muhammad Saeed Qureshi, and Afzal Shah. "Arc GIS based Interpretation of Heavy Metals in Soil Samples near Coastal Areas of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 11, no. 4 (March 11, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol11.iss4.2020.506.

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This study was aimed to assess the severity of heavy metal contamination in eastern coastal area of Pakistan. Agriculture lands near district Badin coastal area found contaminated due to mega surface canal drain network, carrying untreated industrial and municipal effluents along with pumped saline water. Thirty-two random soil samples were collected from different coastal areas. Arc Geographic Information System was used for spatial mapping. Soil samples from coastal areas of Badin contain average concentrations of heavy metals (mg/kg) as Hg 0.247±0.207, Ni 2.622±1.107,Zn 3.121±0.929, Cu 0.059±0.066, Fe 70.447±1.163, Mn7.062±1.251, Co 0.0167±0.033,Cr0.799±0.718.

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Ch. J. Dash, A. K. Bhattacharya, A. Sarangi, and A.K. Singh. "Salt Uptake by Acacia biflora Saplings from Saline Root Zone." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 44, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2007442.1264.

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Waterlogging and subsequent soil salinization are the two major causes of degradation of irrigated agricultural lands. Subsurface Drainage Technology (SSDT) is an effective control measure for both. However, this technology is expensive and has an associated problem of safe disposal of the drainage effluents. These features have limited its large-scale adoption in India. Biodrainage is considered by some as an alternative, in which water and salt tolerant plant species are grown to remove the salt solutions from saline and waterlogged lands in an eco-friendly and economical manner. A pot experiment was conducted with saplings of Acacia biflora to determine the plant's salt uptake capacity from the root zone that was made saline by irrigation with water of different salt concentrations for a period of 6 months. The consequent plant sap salinity was measured and salt balance analysis was carried out to ascertain salt migration from the soil to the plant. The study revealed that the plants irrigated with the water of highest salinity removed 28.7 g of salt in comparison to the plant under control, which removed 8.4 g of salts. Even the highest salt removal by Acacia biflora saplings was negligible as compared to that by conventional subsurface drainage system. To portray bio-drainage as a land reclamation option, confirmation of salt uptake from saline lands having established plantation needs to be carried out.

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Gutierrez, Monica, Susana Etxebarria, Marta Revilla, Saioa Ramos, Alberto Ciriza, Luis Sancho, and Jaime Zufia. "Strategies for the Controlled Integration of Food SMEs’ Highly Polluted Effluents into Urban Sanitation Systems." Water 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020223.

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The artisan production of canned tuna is characterized by generating effluents with high organic and saline loads, which complicates their suitable treatment. The main objective of the LIFE VERTALIM project is to demonstrate the efficiency of a holistic solution (including technical, legislative, social, and environmental aspects) for the controlled integration of food industry wastewater from small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the urban sanitation system with the compliance of all stakeholders. This work shows the viability of the implementation of low-cost innovative solutions, through the clean and eco-efficient production and wastewater pretreatment for fish canneries. This solution allows on average a reduction of 30% of the wastewater discharges to the environment and a reduction of food losses of up to 0.1%. Moreover, there is a reduction of between 40% and 90% related to high organic load. These results allow the canneries to dispose their pretreated effluents to the urban sanitation system, avoiding the high costs of an industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to discharge to the river. A better physical-chemical quality in the river waters as a well as the marine water surrounding the urban WWTP have been achieved.

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Wang, Kaixiang, Tingmin Ran, Pai Yu, Long Chen, Jigang Zhao, Ayyaz Ahmad, Naveed Ramzan, Xiaolin Xu, Yisheng Xu, and Yulin Shi. "Evaluation of renewable pH-responsive starch-based flocculant on treating and recycling of highly saline textile effluents." Environmental Research 201 (October 2021): 111489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111489.

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45

Akinyemi, S., A. Akinlua, W. Gitari, R. Akinyeye, and L. Petrik. "Chemical Partitioning and Mobility of Trace Elements in Dry Disposed Weathered Ash Conditioned with high-Saline Effluents." Coal Combustion and Gasification Products 5, no. 1 (2013): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4177/ccgp-d-13-00002.1.

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Giustinianovich, Elisa A., José-Luis Campos, Marlene D. Roeckel, Alejandro J. Estrada, Anuska Mosquera-Corral, and Ángeles Val del Río. "Influence of biomass acclimation on the performance of a partial nitritation-anammox reactor treating industrial saline effluents." Chemosphere 194 (March 2018): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.146.

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47

Bhatti, Sameer, Parul Sahu, Hemali R. Masani, Anugraha K. Dinesh, Sumesh C. Upadhyay, Bipin G. Vyas, and Arvind Kumar. "Process integration and techno-economic assessment of crystallization techniques for Na2SO4 and NaCl recovery from saline effluents." Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification 203 (September 2024): 109879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2024.109879.

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48

Méndez, R., F. Omil, M. Soto, and J. M. Lema. "Pilot Plant Studies on the Anaerobic Treatment of Different Wastewaters from a Fish-Canning Factory." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0007.

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Most of the fish-canning factories are characterized by the variety of products to be processed and therefore by the production of effluents with different characteristics. When sea products are manufactured, generated wastewaters are very saline (10-20 gCl−/l) and have a high content of organic matter (10-50 g COD/l). Based on previous studies of the characteristics of different streams generated at a representative factory, which cans tuna, mussel, octopus, sardine and also produces fish meal, and once lab-scale studies showed the viability of the anaerobic treatment, a pilot plant was built in the factory. It consists of a predigester of 7 m3, a suspended sludge digester of 15 m3 and a clarifier of 3 m3. The main results can be summarized in these points: a) It is possible to obtain efficient anaerobic treatment of wastewaters with a concentration of chloride of 15 g/l. b) These wastewaters do not need the addition of nutrients, c) It is possible to treat individually or jointly all the streams generated in the factory. d) The particular results obtained with tuna- and mussel-canning effluents show that it is possible to reach 75-80% of COD removal when organic loading rates of 4 kg COD/m3.d were applied.

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Ma, Xiaona, Xingqiang Song, Xian Li, Songzhe Fu, Meng Li, and Ying Liu. "Characterization of Microbial Communities in Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetlands with Salicornia for Treatment of Marine Aquaculture Effluents." Archaea 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7819840.

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Microorganisms play an essential role in the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) for wastewater treatment. However, there has been limited discussion on the characteristics of microbial communities in CWs for treatment of effluents from marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). This study is aimed at characterizing the microbial communities of pilot-scale CWs with Salicornia bigelovii for treatment of saline wastewater from a land-based Atlantic salmon RAS plant located in Northern China. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was employed to identify the profile of microbial communities of three CWs receiving wastewater under different total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations. Results of this study showed remarkable spatial variations in diversity and composition of microbial communities between roots and substrates in three CWs, with distinct response to different TAN concentrations. In particular, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were predominant in roots, while Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes were prevalent in substrates. Moreover, redundancy analysis indicated that specific functional genera, such as Nitrosopumilus, Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, Nitrospina, and Planctomyces, played key roles in the removal of nitrogen/phosphorus pollutants and growth of wetland plants. From a microorganism perspective, the findings of this study could contribute to better understanding of contaminants’ removal mechanism and improved management of CWs for treatment of effluents from land-based marine aquaculture.

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Grieve, C. M., J. A. Poss, and C. Amrhein. "Response of Matthiola incana to Irrigation with Saline Wastewaters." HortScience 41, no. 1 (February 2006): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.1.119.

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Two cultivars of Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. (`Cheerful White' and `Frolic Carmine') were grown in greenhouse sand cultures to determine the effect of salt stress on growth, ion relations, and flower quality. Two types of irrigation waters, differing in ion composition, were prepared to simulate saline wastewaters commonly present in two inland valley locations in California. Solution ICV was typical of saline tailwaters frequently found in the Imperial and Coachella Valleys and contained Cl–, Na+, SO42–, Mg2+, Ca2+, predominating in that order. Solution SJV was dominated by Na+ and SO42– and simulated saline drainage effluents often present in the San Joaquin Valley. Five treatments of each salinity type were imposed; each was replicated three times. Electrical conductivities of the irrigation waters (ECi) were 2.5, 5, 8, 11, and 14 dS·m–1. Plant heights were determined weekly. Seedlings were sampled for ion analysis 9 weeks after planting. Flowering stems were harvested when about 50% of the florets in the inflorescence were open. Total stem length, weight and diameter, numbers of florets and buds, and inflorescence length were measured at final harvest. All plants remained healthy throughout the experimental period with no visible signs of ion toxicity or deficiency. Although length of the flowering stems decreased with increasing salinity, stems were of marketable quality even at the highest salinity level. Mineral ion composition of the vegetative tissues generally reflected ion concentrations in the irrigation waters. Shoot Mg2+ and Cl– were higher and shoot Na+ lower in seedlings irrigated with ICV waters than with SJV waters. Shoot P was reduced over control levels once salinity exceeded 11 dS·m–1. Both cultivars were highly selective for K+ over Na + and selectivity coefficients (SK, Na) increase about 60% as salinity increased from 2.5 to 14 dS·m–1. This study illustrates that commercially acceptable cut flowers of stock may be produced under irrigation with moderately saline wastewaters.

Journal articles on the topic 'Saline effluents'

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