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Academic literature on the topic 'Saliency volumes'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Saliency volumes"

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Shafiq, Muhammad Amir, Zhiling Long, Haibin Di, and Ghassan AlRegib. "A novel attention model for salient structure detection in seismic volumes." Applied Computing and Intelligence 1, no. 1 (2021): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/aci.2021002.

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<abstract><p>A new approach to seismic interpretation is proposed to leverage visual perception and human visual system modeling. Specifically, a saliency detection algorithm based on a novel attention model is proposed for identifying subsurface structures within seismic data volumes. The algorithm employs 3D-FFT and a multi-dimensional spectral projection, which decomposes local spectra into three distinct components, each depicting variations along different dimensions of the data. Subsequently, a novel directional center-surround attention model is proposed to incorporate directional comparisons around each voxel for saliency detection within each projected dimension. Next, the resulting saliency maps along each dimension are combined adaptively to yield a consolidated saliency map, which highlights various structures characterized by subtle variations and relative motion with respect to their neighboring sections. A priori information about the seismic data can be either embedded into the proposed attention model in the directional comparisons, or incorporated into the algorithm by specifying a template when combining saliency maps adaptively. Experimental results on two real seismic datasets from the North Sea, Netherlands and Great South Basin, New Zealand demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for detecting salient seismic structures of different natures and appearances in one shot, which differs significantly from traditional seismic interpretation algorithms. The results further demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms comparable state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithms for natural images and videos, which are inadequate for seismic imaging data.</p></abstract>
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Pham, Nam, and Sergey Fomel. "Uncertainty and interpretability analysis of encoder-decoder architecture for channel detection." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): O49—O58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0409.1.

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We have adopted a method to understand uncertainty and interpretability of a Bayesian convolutional neural network for detecting 3D channel geobodies in seismic volumes. We measure heteroscedastic aleatoric uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty. Epistemic uncertainty captures the uncertainty of the network parameters, whereas heteroscedastic aleatoric uncertainty accounts for noise in the seismic volumes. We train a network modified from U-Net architecture on 3D synthetic seismic volumes, and then we apply it to field data. Tests on 3D field data sets from the Browse Basin, offshore Australia, and from Parihaka in New Zealand prove that uncertainty volumes are related to geologic uncertainty, model mispicks, and input noise. We analyze model interpretability on these data sets by creating saliency volumes with gradient-weighted class activation mapping. We find that the model takes a global-to-local approach to localize channel geobodies as well as the importance of different model components in overall strategy. Using channel probability, uncertainty, and saliency volumes, interpreters can accurately identify channel geobodies in 3D seismic volumes and also understand the model predictions.
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Song, Ailin, Pablo Ortiz, Mark Draelos, Stefanie G. Schuman, Glenn J. Jaffe, Sina Farsiu, Joseph A. Izatt, Ryan P. McNabb, and Anthony N. Kuo. "57084 Combining artificial intelligence and robotics: a novel fully automated optical coherence tomography-based approach for eye disease screening." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.712.

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ABSTRACT IMPACT: Despite its importance in systemic diseases such as diabetes, the eye is notably difficult to examine for non-specialists; this study introduces a fully automated approach for eye disease screening, coupling a deep learning algorithm with a robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography system to improve eye care in non-ophthalmology settings. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This study aims to develop and test a deep learning (DL) method to classify images acquired from a robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography (OCT) system as normal vs. abnormal. The long-term goal of our study is to integrate artificial intelligence and robotic eye imaging to fully automate eye disease screening in diverse clinical settings. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Between August and October 2020, patients seen at the Duke Eye Center and healthy volunteers (age ≥18) were imaged with a custom, robotically-aligned OCT (RAOCT) system following routine eye exam. Using transfer learning, we adapted a preexisting convolutional neural network to train a DL algorithm to classify OCT images as normal vs. abnormal. The model was trained and validated on two publicly available OCT datasets and two of our own RAOCT volumes. For external testing, the top-performing model based on validation was applied to a representative averaged B-scan from each of the remaining RAOCT volumes. The model’s performance was evaluated against a reference standard of clinical diagnoses by retina specialists. Saliency maps were created to visualize the areas contributing most to the model predictions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The training and validation datasets included 87,697 OCT images, of which 59,743 were abnormal. The top-performing DL model had a training accuracy of 96% and a validation accuracy of 99%. For external testing, 43 eyes of 27 subjects were imaged with the robotically-aligned OCT system. Compared to clinical diagnoses, the model correctly labeled 18 out of 22 normal averaged B-scans and 18 out of 21 abnormal averaged B-scans. Overall, in the testing set, the model had an AUC for the detection of pathology of 0.92, an accuracy of 84%, a sensitivity of 86%, and a specificity of 82%. For the correctly predicted scans, saliency maps identified the areas contributing most to the DL algorithm’s predictions, which matched the regions of greatest clinical importance. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This is the first study to develop and apply a DL model to images acquired from a self-aligning OCT system, demonstrating the potential of integrating DL and robotic eye imaging to automate eye disease screening. We are working to translate this technology for use in emergency departments and primary care, where it will have the greatest impact.
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Shen, Enya, Yunhai Wang, and Sikun Li. "Spatiotemporal volume saliency." Journal of Visualization 19, no. 1 (April 21, 2015): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12650-015-0293-y.

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Shen, Enya, Sikun Li, Xun Cai, Liang Zeng, and Wenke Wang. "SAVE: saliency-assisted volume exploration." Journal of Visualization 18, no. 2 (October 4, 2014): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12650-014-0237-y.

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Kim, Youngmin, and Amitabh Varshney. "Saliency-guided Enhancement for Volume Visualization." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 12, no. 5 (September 2006): 925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2006.174.

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Giora, Rachel, Moshe Raphaely, Ofer Fein, and Elad Livnat. "Resonating with contextually inappropriate interpretations in production: The case of irony." Cognitive Linguistics 25, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0026.

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AbstractAccording to the graded salience hypothesis, salient meanings and salience-based interpretations are not only involved in language comprehension but also in language production (Giora 2003, 2011a; Giora and Gur 2003). This should be true of irony production as well. If, as predicted by the graded salience hypothesis, the ironist herself indeed activates utterance interpretations on account of their salience-based accessibility rather than solely on account of their contextual fit, this might be reflected in the ironies' environment. Given the crucial role of the salience-based interpretation of “what is said” in deriving and supporting the ironic interpretation, this interpretation should not be suppressed (Giora 1995). Such a view of irony production predicts that its environment will demonstrate dialogic resonance (à la Du Bois, this volume) with ironies' salience-based, but incompatible interpretations. To test this prediction, we studied a written Hebrew corpus including over 1600 ironies. Our findings show that 46% of the ironies, 10% of which are extended ironies, are addressed via reference to their salience-based contextually incompatible interpretations; resonance with the context-based , ironic interpretation occurred in only 8% of the cases; the environment of the rest either did not resonate with any of their interpretations (43%), or resonated with both their compatible and incompatible interpretations (3%). These results support the view that, like comprehenders (Giora et al. 2007), irony producers too activate and retain salience-based albeit inappropriate interpretations.
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Cohen, Jeremy, Taylor Smith, Khalil Thompson, Armond Collins, Tracey Knaus, and Helen Tager-Flusberg. "Altered Anterior Insular Asymmetry in Pre-teen and Adolescent Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Annals of Behavioral Neuroscience 1, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18314/abne.v1i1.1120.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is hallmarked by social-emotional reciprocity deficits. Social-emotional responding requires the clear recognition of social cues as well as the internal monitoring of emotional salience. Insular cortex is central to the salience network, and plays a key role in approach-avoidance emotional valuation. Consistent right anterior insular hypoactivity and variable volumetric differences of insular cortical volumes were shown previously. The current study analyzed anterior and posterior insular volume/asymmetry changes in ASD across age. Age was used as an additional grouping variable as previous studies indicated differential regional volume in ASD individuals before and after puberty onset. In the current sample, pre-teen ASD expressed left lateralized anterior insula, while adolescent ASD had right lateralization. Typically developing (TD) individuals expressed the opposite lateralization of anterior insula in both age-groups (right greater than left anterior insular volume among pre-teen TD and left greater than right anterior insular volume among adolescent TD). Social-emotional calibrated severity scores from the ADOS were positively correlated with leftward anterior insular asymmetry and negatively correlated with proportional right anterior insular volumes in ASD. Insular cortex has a lateralized role in autonomic nervous system regulation (parasympathetic control in the left, sympathetic control in the right). Atypical insular asymmetry in ASD may contribute to the development of networks with a diminished salience signal to human faces and voices, and may lead to more learned passive avoidant responses to such stimuli at younger ages, leading to more distressed responses in adolescence. Data here supports the use of early behavioral intervention to increase awareness of and reward for social-emotional cues.
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Li, Qingwu, Haisu Cheng, Yan Zhou, and Guanying Huo. "Human Action Recognition Using Improved Salient Dense Trajectories." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6750459.

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Human action recognition in videos is a topic of active research in computer vision. Dense trajectory (DT) features were shown to be efficient for representing videos in state-of-the-art approaches. In this paper, we present a more effective approach of video representation using improved salient dense trajectories: first, detecting the motion salient region and extracting the dense trajectories by tracking interest points in each spatial scale separately and then refining the dense trajectories via the analysis of the motion saliency. Then, we compute several descriptors (i.e., trajectory displacement, HOG, HOF, and MBH) in the spatiotemporal volume aligned with the trajectories. Finally, in order to represent the videos better, we optimize the framework of bag-of-words according to the motion salient intensity distribution and the idea of sparse coefficient reconstruction. Our architecture is trained and evaluated on the four standard video actions datasets of KTH, UCF sports, HMDB51, and UCF50, and the experimental results show that our approach performs competitively comparing with the state-of-the-art results.
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Li, Quanzhi, and Qiong Zhang. "Twitter Event Summarization by Exploiting Semantic Terms and Graph Network." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 17 (May 18, 2021): 15347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i17.17802.

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Twitter is a fast communication channel for gathering and spreading breaking news, and it generates a large volume of tweets for most events. Automatically creating a summary for an event is necessary and important. In this study, we explored two extractive approaches for summarizing events on Twitter. The first one exploits the semantic types of event related terms, and ranks the tweets based on the score computed from these semantic terms. The second one utilizes a graph convolutional network built from a tweet relation graph to generate tweet hidden features for tweet salience estimation. And the most salient tweets are selected as the summary of the event. Our experiments show that these two approaches outperform the compared methods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Saliency volumes"

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Lalani, Sanam Jivani. "Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on Pediatric Brain Volume." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6924.

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This study investigated the effects of lesion presence within larger brain networks (e.g., default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and mentalizing network (MN)) in the chronic phase of a pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the effect on social function. We compared children with a TBI to children with an orthopedic injury (OI) with three different aims. The first aim was to determine whether network volume differed by group (e.g., TBI vs. OI). Second, investigate if lesion presence in a sub component region of the network resulted in total network volume loss for that network. Finally, learn whether network volume would predict outcome on the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2). Approximately 184 participants (65% male; 70% Caucasian) between the ages of 6-17 years completed testing and a structural MRI scan in the chronic stage (at least one-year post-injury) of the injury. Injury severity included complicated mild, moderate, and severe TBI. Radiological findings were analyzed using recommendations from the Common Data Elements' core (presence or absence of a lesion) and supplementary (lesion type and location) recommendations. Volumetrics for all participants were obtained with FreeSurfer to quantify total network volumes for the DMN, SN, and MN. The parent of each participant completed a behavioral measure for externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Three sets of statistical analyses were completed, including multivariate analysis of covariance, analysis of covariance, and multiple regression, for each of the three aims of the study, respectively. There were significant differences in total DMN volume between the two groups and participants with lesions solely in the MN had lower total MN volume. Moreover, lower total MN volume was associated with worse functioning on measures of externalizing and internalizing behaviors. The larger implications, including developmental and social implications, of these findings are discussed.
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Carletti, Marco. "Saliency-based approaches for multidimensional explainability of deep networks." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1016496.

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In deep learning, visualization techniques extract the salient patterns exploited by deep networks to perform a task (e.g. image classification) focusing on single images. These methods allow a better understanding of these complex models, empowering the identification of the most informative parts of the input data. Beyond the deep network understanding, visual saliency is useful for many quantitative reasons and applications, both in the 2D and 3D domains, such as the analysis of the generalization capabilities of a classifier and autonomous navigation. In this thesis, we describe an approach to cope with the interpretability problem of a convolutional neural network and propose our ideas on how to exploit the visualization for applications like image classification and active object recognition. After a brief overview on common visualization methods producing attention/saliency maps, we will address two separate points: firstly, we will describe how visual saliency can be effectively used in the 2D domain (e.g. RGB images) to boost image classification performances: as a matter of fact, visual summaries, i.e. a compact representation of an ensemble of saliency maps, can be used to improve the classification accuracy of a network through summary-driven specializations. Then, we will present a 3D active recognition system that allows to consider different views of a target object, overcoming the single-view hypothesis of classical object recognition, making the classification problem much easier in principle. Here we adopt such attention maps in a quantitative fashion, by building a 3D dense saliency volume which fuses together saliency maps obtained from different viewpoints, obtaining a continuous proxy on which parts of an object are more discriminative for a given classifier. Finally, we will show how to inject this representations in a real world application, so that an agent (e.g. robot) can move knowing the capabilities of its classifier.
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Gikonyo, Waithira Lucy. "Family structure, salience, and knowledge of family planning methods among urban Kenyans." 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/16115550.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1987.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-178).
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Okocha, Aneneosa Anwuli Grace. "An investigation of the career salience of Nigerian women in dual-career families." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19174517.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1988.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-88).
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Li, Hsien-Yuan. "A doubly salient doubly excited variable reluctance motor." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33059934.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1994.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-112).
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Wadsworth, Frank Howard. "Consumers' salient characteristics a comparison of three identification approaches /." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34710088.html.

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Shakal, Andrew J. "Field weakening operation of a doubly salient permanent magnet machine." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33055048.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1994.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-89).
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Luo, Xiaogang. "Design and control of dual stator two phase doubly salient permanent magnet motor." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38021384.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1997.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-164).
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Li, Yue. "Design and control of a new class of doubly salient permanent magnet machines." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34986815.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1996.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-168).
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Schiferl, Rich. "Design considerations for salient pole, permanent magnet synchronous motors in variable speed drive applications." 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17958443.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1987.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 449-464).
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Books on the topic "Saliency volumes"

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Becucci, Stefano, ed. Oltre gli stereotipi. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-764-1.

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Il volume raccoglie una serie di scritti di Renzo Rastrelli (1948-2008), a lungo docente di Storia politica e diplomatica dell’Asia orientale presso la facoltà di Scienze Politiche “Cesare Alfieri” di Firenze. L’antologia di testi mette in evidenza alcuni aspetti salienti del lavoro scientifico dell’autore: l’analisi, di là da stereotipi di senso comune, sull’immigrazione cinese in Italia; le dinamiche interne circa le modalità associative e le forme di interlocuzione che le comunità cinesi hanno con la società italiana; infine, il contesto sociale più ampio nel quale si trovano i migranti cinesi, richiamando l’attenzione sull’intreccio fra normative restrittive all’ingresso e facilitazione di pratiche illegali, che coinvolgono sia cittadini cinesi che italiani.
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Fiori, Emiliano, and Michele Trizio. Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Byzantine Studies Plenary Sessions. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-590-2.

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The present volume collects most of the contributions to the plenary sessions held at the 24th International Congress of Byzantine Studies, and incisively reflects the ever increasing broadening of the very concept of ‘Byzantine Studies’. Indeed, a particularly salient characteristic of the papers presented here is their strong focus on interdisciplinarity and their breadth of scope, both in terms of methodology and content. The cross-pollination between different fields of Byzantine Studies is also a major point of the volume. Archaeology and art history have pride of place; it is especially in archaeological papers that one can grasp the vital importance of the interaction with the so-called hard sciences and with new technologies for contemporary research. This relevance of science and technology for archaeology, however, also applies to, and have significant repercussions in, historical studies, where – for example – the study of climate change or the application of specific software to network studies are producing a major renewal of knowledge. In more traditional subject fields, like literary, political, and intellectual history, the contributions to the present volume offer some important reflections on the connection between Byzantium and other cultures and peoples through the intermediary of texts, stories, diplomacy, trade, and war.
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Fiori, Emiliano, and Michele Trizio. Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Byzantine Studies Plenary Sessions. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-590-2.

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The present volume collects most of the contributions to the plenary sessions held at the 24th International Congress of Byzantine Studies, and incisively reflects the ever increasing broadening of the very concept of ‘Byzantine Studies’. Indeed, a particularly salient characteristic of the papers presented here is their strong focus on interdisciplinarity and their breadth of scope, both in terms of methodology and content. The cross-pollination between different fields of Byzantine Studies is also a major point of the volume. Archaeology and art history have pride of place; it is especially in archaeological papers that one can grasp the vital importance of the interaction with the so-called hard sciences and with new technologies for contemporary research. This relevance of science and technology for archaeology, however, also applies to, and have significant repercussions in, historical studies, where – for example – the study of climate change or the application of specific software to network studies are producing a major renewal of knowledge. In more traditional subject fields, like literary, political, and intellectual history, the contributions to the present volume offer some important reflections on the connection between Byzantium and other cultures and peoples through the intermediary of texts, stories, diplomacy, trade, and war.
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Garritzmann, Julian L., Silja Häusermann, and Bruno Palier, eds. The World Politics of Social Investment: Volume II. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197601457.001.0001.

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Welfare states around the globe are changing, challenged by the development of knowledge economies. In many countries, policymakers’ main response has been to modernize welfare states by focusing on future-oriented “social investment” policies that focus on creating, mobilizing, and preserving human skills and capabilities. Yet, there is massive variance in the development of social investment strategies. This is the second of two volumes of the World Politics of Social Investment (WOPSI) project, which systematically maps and explains different welfare reform strategies in democratic countries around the world. This volume traces the development of social investment reforms across the regions of Nordic, continental, and southern Europe, as well as central and eastern Europe, North and Latin America, and northeast Asia. The chapters in this volume study the impact of different structural drivers for social investment (e.g., demographics, poverty, demand for skill, or lack of an available workforce), the salience of social investment in the public debates, and the different political coalitions that led to or prevented the adoption of social investment strategies. The chapters are written by leading social policy scholars from different world regions. They all apply a joint theoretical framework (developed in the first of the two volumes) to explain the politics of social investment in a range of contexts and policy fields. Jointly with the first volume, the WOPSI project offers the first analysis of social investment reforms around the globe.
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Taljanovic, Mihra S., Imran M. Omar, Kevin B. Hoover, and Tyson S. Chadaz, eds. Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938161.001.0001.

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This volume meets the needs of radiology residents to become adept at interpreting musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging studies. It does so by presenting core knowledge and fundamentals that must be learned to accurately and effectively interpret MSK studies by the trainee and non-specialist. The goal is to impart to residents, as well as to refresh for practitioners, essential facts in a concise and readable format so the reader becomes conversant with all imaging modalities used and the essentials of interpretation and technique. Other resources are at too high a level for the resident in training or contain far more information than a resident can easily assimilate during a rotation. The book is part of the Rotations in Radiology series for residents, which defines and encapsulates core knowledge for areas within Radiology, offering a guided, structured approach to imaging diagnosis. It contains sections on 10 key topics in MSK radiology: trauma; arthritis; tumors and tumor-like conditions; metabolic, hematopoietic, endocrine, and deposition diseases; infectious diseases; arthrography; internal derangements of the joints; congenital diseases; and ultrasound. Each section begins with an overview chapter, orienting the reader to the specific concerns and issues related to imaging that anatomic region or category of problem. Each clinical problem or diagnosis is concisely covered to provide a targeted discussion and highlight salient points. For each topic, concise chunks of text will review: definition; clinical features; anatomy and physiology; how to appraoch the image; what not to miss; differential diagnosis; common variants if pertinent; clinical issues; key points; high yield references.
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Taljanovic, Mihra S., Imran M. Omar, Kevin B. Hoover, and Tyson S. Chadaz, eds. Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938178.001.0001.

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This volume meets the needs of radiology residents to become adept at interpreting musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging studies. It does so by presenting core knowledge and fundamentals that must be learned to accurately and effectively interpret MSK studies by the trainee and non-specialist. The goal is to impart to residents, as well as to refresh for practitioners, essential facts in a concise and readable format so the reader becomes conversant with all imaging modalities used and the essentials of interpretation and technique. Other resources are at too high a level for the resident in training or contain far more information than a resident can easily assimilate during a rotation. The book is part of the Rotations in Radiology series for residents, which defines and encapsulates core knowledge for areas within Radiology, offering a guided, structured approach to imaging diagnosis. It contains sections on 10 key topics in MSK radiology: trauma; arthritis; tumors and tumor-like conditions; metabolic, hematopoietic, endocrine, and deposition diseases; infectious diseases; arthrography; internal derangements of the joints; congenital diseases; and ultrasound. Each section begins with an overview chapter, orienting the reader to the specific concerns and issues related to imaging that anatomic region or category of problem. Each clinical problem or diagnosis is concisely covered to provide a targeted discussion and highlight salient points. For each topic, concise chunks of text will review: definition; clinical features; anatomy and physiology; how to appraoch the image; what not to miss; differential diagnosis; common variants if pertinent; clinical issues; key points; high yield references.
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de Ponte, María, and Kepa Korta, eds. Reference and Representation in Thought and Language. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714217.001.0001.

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The chapters in this volume deal with our devices for singular reference and singular representation, taking them in different ways. The precise relation between using a linguistic expression to refer to an object and our mental representation of it has always been, and still is, one of the key topics of debate in philosophy of language, linguistics, and the cognitive sciences. Most essays focus specifically on singular terms, that is, linguistic expressions that, at least prima facie, are used to refer to particular objects, persons, places, and so on. They include proper names (“Mary,” “John”), indexicals (“I,” “tomorrow”), demonstrative pronouns (“this,” “that”) and perhaps (some uses of) definite and indefinite descriptions (“the queen of England,” “a medical doctor”), as well as complex demonstratives (“that woman”). Some of the essays do not directly deal with reference but with representation: the ways we represent objects in thought, especially the first-person perspective and a particular object of representation—the self. And there is also an essay that explores a notion common to reference and representation: salience. Salience is a pervasive notion in language and thought, and it is approached here from an intercultural perspective. The volume includes the latest views on these complex topics, expounded by some of the most prominent authors in linguistics and philosophy of language.
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Stewart, Dianne M. Obeah, Orisa, and Religious Identity in Trinidad, Volume II, Orisa. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478022152.

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Obeah, Orisa, and Religious Identity in Trinidad is an expansive two-volume examination of social imaginaries concerning Obeah and Yoruba-Orisa from colonialism to the present. Analyzing their entangled histories and systems of devotion, Tracey E. Hucks and Dianne M. Stewart articulate how these religions were criminalized during slavery and colonialism yet still demonstrated autonomous modes of expression and self-defense. In Volume II, Orisa, Stewart scrutinizes the West African heritage and religious imagination of Yoruba-Orisa devotees in Trinidad from the mid-nineteenth century to the present and explores their meaning-making traditions in the wake of slavery and colonialism. She investigates the pivotal periods of nineteenth-century liberated African resettlement, the twentieth-century Black Power movement, and subsequent campaigns for the civil right to religious freedom in Trinidad. Disrupting syncretism frameworks, Stewart probes the salience of Africa as a religious symbol and the prominence of Africana nations and religious nationalisms in projects of black belonging and identity formation, including those of Orisa mothers. Contributing to global womanist thought and activism, Yoruba-Orisa spiritual mothers disclose the fullness of the black religious imagination’s affective, hermeneutic, and political capacities.
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Liu, Constance, Noah Rindos, and Scott A. Shainker. 50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know. Edited by Michael Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190947088.001.0001.

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This volume constitutes a selection of 50 studies that changed the modern practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Studies were reviewed and summarized by national experts in the field and have been compiled in a simple, readable fashion that distills these works into the most salient points, placing them within the context of practice. This volume can be used by general practitioners as well as clinicians and academicians who have an interest in the state of evidence in obstetrics and gynecology.
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O’Leary, Brendan. A Treatise on Northern Ireland, Volume I. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199243341.001.0001.

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O’Leary’s authoritative treatment of the history of Northern Ireland and its current prospects is genuinely unique. Beginning with an in-depth account of the scale of the recent conflict, he sets out to explain why Northern Ireland recently had the highest incidence of political violence in twentieth-century western Europe. Volume 1 demonstrates the salience of the colonial past in accounting for current collective mentalities, institutions, and rivalrous animosities, culminating in a distinct comparative account of the partition of the island in 1920. The major moments in the development of Irish republicanism and Ulster unionism are freshly treated by this Irish-born political scientist who has spent thirty-five years mastering the relevant historiography. Volume 2 shows how Ulster Unionists improvised a distinctive control system, driven by their fear of abandonment by the metropolitan power in Great Britain, their anxieties about Irish nationalist irredentism, and their inherited settler colonial culture. British political institutions were exploited to organize a sustained political monopoly on power and to disorganize the cultural Catholic minority. At the same juncture, the Irish Free State’s punctuated movement from restricted dominion-level autonomy to sovereign republican independence led to the full-scale political decolonization of the South. Irish state-building had a price, however: it further estranged Ulster Unionists, and Northern nationalists felt abandoned. Volume 3 unpacks the consequences and takes the reader to the present, explaining Northern Ireland’s distinctive consociational settlement, accomplished in 1998, and its subsequently turbulent and currently imperiled implementation. An assessment of the confederation of European Union and the prospects for an Irish confederation close the book, which vividly engages with feasible futures that may unfold from the UK’s exit from the EU.
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Book chapters on the topic "Saliency volumes"

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Hladůvka, Jirí, Andreas König, and Eduard Gröller. "Salient Representation of Volume Data." In Eurographics, 203–11. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6215-6_22.

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Helala, Mohamed A., and Faisal Z. Qureshi. "Accelerating Cost Volume Filtering Using Salient Subvolumes and Robust Occlusion Handling." In Computer Vision -- ACCV 2014, 316–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16808-1_22.

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Kantola, Johanna, Anna Elomäki, and Petra Ahrens. "Introduction: European Parliament’s Political Groups in Turbulent Times." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94012-6_1.

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AbstractThe turbulent times the European Union witnessed over the last years together with the increased competences for the European Parliament call for closer examination of political groups as core actors in this setting. In this introductory chapter, we engage with political groups as unique alliances of national party delegations and the context they operate in. We first discuss the core features of the political groups and then proceed to present new inroads into studying their functions, work and practices. By engaging with broader questions of democracy and what political groups research can contribute, we suggest that theorising the democratic functioning within the EP allows casting a critical eye on democratic practices and the growing salience of the political groups. The chapter closes by introducing the chapters of the volume which provide new insights into the practices of political groups, the dynamics and power relations between them and, thus, decision-making and policy-making in the European Parliament.
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Virajh Dias, A. A., H. M. J. M. K. Herath, and L. K. N. S. Kulathilake. "Landform Geometry for Restoration of Mountain Roads and Landslide Hazard Resilience." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 327–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_25.

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AbstractTraveling on a mountainous road is attractive but questionable under aggressive climatic conditions such as extreme rainstorms. Roads are often designed in different geological complexity overlaying upper and lower terrains. The complexity of slope geometries, potential deformities, ground discontinuities, soil-rock composite nature, factors incorporated in structural integrity, the complexity associated with infrastructure developments, and unstable landform have long been causes of the increasing cost of road constructions in hills. In many instances, landform geometries and the natures of slope observed in-situ allow us to understand many salient features that we need to know in the design to mitigate landslide threats. The extent to which we make the collective effort to gather many features of landforms and their static representations concludes its validity. Findings are more forced to be based on geometrical evidence of slopes and cross-checked with an appropriate design criterion. A provision should describe a design or construction method that is deemed to comply with the site-specific conditions. Such an approach will save the enormous cost of investigations, design, and simplification for numerical evaluations, and also contribute to an indirect approach to road restoration and improve an appropriate approach for resilience to landslide hazards.
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Busemeyer, Marius R., and Julian L. Garritzmann. "Loud, Noisy, or Quiet Politics?" In The World Politics of Social Investment: Volume II, 59–85. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197601457.003.0003.

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This chapter develops a theoretical model for the conditions under which parties, public opinion, or interest groups, respectively, affect public policymaking. It argues that the influence of public opinion, parties, and interest groups depends on the salience of the respective topic and on the degree of agreement in public opinion. Public opinion has the greatest influence in a world of “loud” politics when salience is high and the public’s attitudes are coherent. In contrast, when an issue is salient but attitudes are conflicting, public opinion sends a “loud but noisy” signal and party politics have a stronger influence on policymaking. Finally, when an issue is not salient (i.e., “quiet” politics), interest groups are dominant. Empirically, the chapter studies the politics of social investment reform in Western Europe. Based on an original survey of public opinion in eight Western European countries as well as on process tracing analysis of policy reforms, the chapter demonstrates how the influence of public opinion, parties, and interest groups on social investment reforms depends on the salience of the respective topic and on the coherence of public opinion.
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Ben-Ahmed, Olfa, Christine Fernandez-Maloigne, Adrien Julian, and Marc Paccalin. "Visual saliency for medical imaging and computer-aided diagnosis." In Neurological Disorders and Imaging Physics, Volume 3. IOP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/978-0-7503-1793-1ch9.

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Mayseless, Ofra, and Pninit Russo-Netzer. "The Israeli Scene as a Case Study of Processes of Search for Meaning in Life in a Post-Modern and Globalized World." In Finding Meaning, 3–16. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190910358.003.0001.

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This chapter briefly discusses the universal need for meaning in life and its study and the challenges of the post-modern sociocultural context in this regard. The chapter presents the purpose of this edited volume, which is to better understand processes of search for meaning in life as embedded within a cultural context. The Israeli cultural scene thus serves as a case study for unravelling the interplay of psychological and cultural processes in wo(man)’s search for meaning in life in a variety of contemporary manifestations. The chapter then provides an overview of the unique cultural characteristics of Israeli society that are related to processes involved in the search for meaning and purpose in life. A brief description of Israeli society is provided, as well as a discussion of three major characteristics that strongly affect, intensify, and exacerbate such processes: the existential focus, the predicament of identity, and the salience of core dialectic worldviews. The chapter also introduces the volume’s parts and chapters and provides a conceptual connection and organization to bind them all together.
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Rai, Yashas, and Patrick Le Callet. "Visual attention, visual salience, and perceived interest in multimedia applications." In Academic Press Library in Signal Processing, Volume 6, 113–61. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811889-4.00003-8.

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"SALIENT FEATURES OF EVIL EYE BELIEF AND PRACTICE." In Beware the Evil Eye (volume 2), 47–266. The Lutterworth Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1131hck.9.

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Hong, Ijin, Chung-Yang Yeh, Jieun Lee, and Jen-Der Lue. "An Increasing but Diverse Support for Social Investment." In The World Politics of Social Investment: Volume II, 259–84. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197601457.003.0011.

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The agenda of social investment (SI) has been gaining ground during the 2000–2020 time frame in Northeast Asia, especially for family policies. Because of a similar policy legacy of developmentalism, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan might have more room to pursue equally bold SI strategies. Nevertheless, they took different directions, and, specifically, South Korea was the boldest SI “path shifter,” in comparison to “slow-moving” Japan and Taiwan. By analyzing welfare attitude data sets, we found that South Korea in the early 2000s was in a favorable position for SI-oriented family reform, with high public demand, high policy salience, and a lighter policy legacy; but the same did not happen for Japan and Taiwan. In Japan, family policy seems to have become more politicized in the 2010s, and only recently the time might have grown ripe for more SI-oriented policy reforms. Taiwan potentially has a constituency of young and female voters who support family policy, but the salience of work–family reconciliation has been delayed, inciting a very dynamic state of affairs in family policy reform only very recently. As a consequence, SI-oriented reforms in family policies took a different shape in these three economies. This chapter argues that public demand for SI policies is a relevant trigger for government responsiveness but only in the context of a favorable policy legacy and a high policy salience.
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Conference papers on the topic "Saliency volumes"

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Assens, Marc, Xavier Giro-i-Nieto, Kevin McGuinness, and Noel E. O'Connor. "SaltiNet: Scan-Path Prediction on 360 Degree Images Using Saliency Volumes." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2017.275.

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Pulido, Andrea, Andrea Rueda, and Eduardo Romero. "Classification of Alzheimer's disease using regional saliency maps from brain MR volumes." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Carol L. Novak and Stephen Aylward. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2007092.

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Liu, Jian, Yufeng Chen, and Jinan Xu. "Saliency as Evidence: Event Detection with Trigger Saliency Attribution." In Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.313.

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Wang, Qichao, Yubo Tao, and Hai Lin. "Saliency-Aware Volume Data Resizing by Surface Carving." In 2013 International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cadgraphics.2013.90.

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"Stereo Saliency Detection by Modeling Concatenation Cost Volume Feature." In 2022 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dicta56598.2022.10034604.

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Ding, Shuoyang, Hainan Xu, and Philipp Koehn. "Saliency-driven Word Alignment Interpretation for Neural Machine Translation." In Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Machine Translation (Volume 1: Research Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-5201.

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Liu, Guang-Hai. "Salient areas detection using color volume." In 2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imcec.2016.7867257.

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Pasunuru, Ramakanth, and Mohit Bansal. "Multi-Reward Reinforced Summarization with Saliency and Entailment." In Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-2102.

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Vanni, Laurent, Melanie Ducoffe, Carlos Aguilar, Frederic Precioso, and Damon Mayaffre. "Textual Deconvolution Saliency (TDS) : a deep tool box for linguistic analysis." In Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1051.

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Teneva, Nedelina, and Weiwei Cheng. "Salience Rank: Efficient Keyphrase Extraction with Topic Modeling." In Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p17-2084.

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