Relevant bibliographies by topics / SALE OF CHILDREN

Academic literature on the topic 'SALE OF CHILDREN'

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Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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Shura, Robin, Elle Rochford, and Brian K. Gran. "Children for sale? The blurred boundary between intercountry adoption and sale of children in the United States." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 36, no. 5/6 (June 13, 2016): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-03-2015-0034.

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Purpose – Intercountry adoptions (hereafter ICAs) in the USA are a form of sale of children. According to international policy, sale of children is an illicit social practice that involves improper financial gains by at least one party. Sale of children is a threat to legitimate ICA. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the policy and practice of ICAs in the USA, including pricing arrangements, demonstrate that US ICAs, which can have humanitarian aims and be legitimate forms of family development, comprise sale of children. Design/methodology/approach – Internet searches and e-mail inquiries were used to obtain ICA cost data for a randomised sample of 10 per cent of the agencies in the USA that facilitate ICAs. Findings – Cost information was obtained from only 25 per cent of the sample, suggesting lack of transparency in and available information about monetary costs of US ICAs. A range of US$12,000 to $40,000 suggests that US ICAs are expensive and costs vary. Large, undisclosed fees in the form of “required donations”, agency fees, and extensive foreign travel requirements imply third party economic gains are made through US ICA transactions. Practical implications – US ICA agencies should disclose costs and employ transparent practices. US policies regulating ICAs should be clarified and strengthened. The US Government should ratify, implement, and enforce major children’s rights international policy standards. Social implications – International demand for adopted children may encourage child trafficking, child laundering, and kidnapping for profit (see Smolin, 2005), putting children, adoptive families, and birth communities at risk of breaches of basic human rights. Originality/value – No study has offered systematic analysis of monetary costs of US ICAs and linked this analysis to policy and legitimacy of social practices.
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Jones, D. W., and A. Charlton. "Traders' views on sale of cigarettes to children." BMJ 314, no. 7086 (April 5, 1997): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7086.1047a.

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Rafferty, Yvonne. "Children for sale: Child trafficking in Southeast Asia." Child Abuse Review 16, no. 6 (2007): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/car.1009.

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ARCHBALD, CHERYL. "Sale of Individual Cigarettes: A New Development." Pediatrics 91, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.4.851.

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To the Editor.— Each year, more people die as a result of cigarette smoking than from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or crack/cocaine. As such, use and abuse of tobacco remains a serious health concern in our society. The fact that a recent study concluded that young children were as adept at recognizing Old Joe, the cartoon camel that promotes Camel cigarettes, as they were at identifying Mickey Mouse, vividly demonstrates the influence of one tobacco company on our children.
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Pakaya, Fitra. "Legal Protection Effort Against Children In Sale And Purchase Of Cigarettes In Gorontalo Utara Regensy." Estudiante Law Journal 1, no. 1 (March 13, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v1i1.12774.

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The current research aims at finding out efforts performed to provide legal protection to children in the sale and purchase of cigarettes in Gorontalo Utara Regency. In addition, the research notifies the inhibiting factors during the provision of legal protection to children in the sale and purchase of cigarettes. The research applies empirical legal research with qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The data used are empirical and secondary data in which they are collected by using techniques of interview and observation. The research finding reveals that there are two efforts of legal protection to children in the sale and purchase of ciragettes, namely cigarettes sales ban to the children and specific protection. In the meantime, the inhibiting factors during the provision of legal protection to children in the sale and purchase of ciragettes are ineffectiveness of regulation, lack of knowledge on the law, absence of counseling and supervision from government, and ineffectiveness of existing programs.
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Nightingale, Stuart L. "Proposed Rule Restricting Sale of Tobacco Products to Children." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 14 (October 11, 1995): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03530140021010.

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Pollard, Christina Mary, Catrina Lisa McStay, and Xingqiong Meng. "Public Concern about the Sale of High-Caffeine Drinks to Children 12 Years or Younger: An Australian Regulatory Perspective." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/707149.

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Background.Dietary exposure to high caffeine is a health risk for children. Governments are considering measures to restrict the sale of formulated caffeinated beverages (FCB) to children.Objectives.To investigate community concern about sales of high-caffeine drinks to children among Western Australian adults and describe Australian and New Zealand regulatory processes regarding FCB.Methods.Data from the 2009 and 2012 Department of Health’s Nutrition Monitoring Survey Series of 2,832 Western Australians aged 18–64 years was pooled with descriptive and ordinal logistic regression analysis performed. Current regulatory processes for FCB are reported.Results.Most (85%) participants were concerned about the sale of high-caffeine drinks to children; 77.4% were very concerned in 2012 compared to 66.5% in 2009,p< .008. Females and those living with children had higher concern (odds ratio (OR) 2.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–3.10; OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.51–3.09, resp.,p< .001). Concern increased with each year of age (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02, 1.05,p< .001).Conclusions.Community concern regarding sale of high-caffeine energy drinks to children is high and increasing. Being female and living with children were associated with greater concern. These findings support the Australian and New Zealand regulatory controls of FCB, including labelling, promotion, and advertising to children.
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Watenpaugh, Keith David. "“Are There Any Children for Sale?”: Genocide and the Transfer of Armenian Children (1915–1922)." Journal of Human Rights 12, no. 3 (July 2013): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14754835.2013.812410.

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&NA;. "Man sentenced for sale of steroid cream after children fall ill." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1420 (September 2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214200-00009.

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Messaad et al., Said Ait. "Epidemiological investigation of intestinal parasites in children of Sale city (Morocco)." Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 26, no. 6 (November 1, 2022): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2022.273362.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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Semenets, Natasha. "“Girls for sale” : Understanding the difficulties in protecting girls in Nepal from being exploited for prostitution." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384403.

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The number of girls that are being exploited for prostitution in Nepal has increased in recent years, and girls suffer a high risk of being exposed when they come from already poorly conditions. Previously, uneducated girls could be found in the adult entertainment sector, but nowadays even educated girls are being exploited. This thesis aims to gain further understanding to why girls are being exposed and why it is difficult to protect them. By conducting qualitive interviews with employees from several NGOs working to protect girls from being exploited for prostitution, insights has been given about socio-structural factors that influences the situation for girls. By examining these factors with support from theoretical approaches that highlights social injustice, gender discrimination and structural oppression this thesis presents how different factors affect the work of protecting girls, and how the same factors also are contributing to why girls get exposed. The state of Nepal shows several efforts in trying to eradicate the problem and have ratified both the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The state has also made changes in national law that shall promote and strengthen children's rights. Although the laws are strong, the protection for girls is insufficient and girls are vulnerable to being exploited by traffickers. The Government of Nepal, NGOs and several other authorities are working together to eradicate the problem, but the work needs be strengthened, coordinated and responsive to influencing factors simultaneously in order to achieve a long-term solution. This thesis suggest that cultural norms need to be challenged more and that the Government of Nepal needs to oversee how structural injustices affect opportunities for girls to take part of social benefits. In addition, knowledge about legal and moral rights needs to be increased among girls and in society as a whole, moreover the knowledge about trafficking and prostitution needs to be spread.
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Budiselik, William Robert. "Child-safe organisations : a wise investment?" Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1979.

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This thesis explores how in the last two decades a ‘child-safe organisations movement’ has emerged in Australia. The thesis title does not signal that the question posed therein is answered in this project, or even that it is answerable. The title is an invitation to the reader to hold the question in their mind as they read the thesis.This thesis addresses two research questions: What is a child-safe organisation? How can an organisation’s child-safe status be effectively represented to stakeholders? The outcomes of this project include a child-safe organisations framework and its critique. These are offered to those involved in organisations providing services to children as stimuli for reflection and loose scripts for enactment.The child-safe organisations framework and its critique were developed within interpretivist theoretical traditions and assumptions. Qualitative research methods consistent with these traditions were utilised to derive data from various sources including organisations’ stakeholders and purposively selected professionals (social workers, lawyers, administrators and insurers) to develop the framework.The research questions’ context is established by identifying the emergence of an Australian child-safe organisations movement. Impetus for the movement’s emergence came from revelations in the mid-1980s about child abuse in children’s institutions and then from recommendations of the Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service, which made findings about paedophilia. The thesis argues the movement’s advice can be typologised as good management, child protection, children’s rights and injury reduction.The thesis’ relevance and topicality has become more evident throughout the period of the project. In 2009 the Council of Australian Governments announced a specific strategy within a broad national framework to develop a nationally consistent approach to working with children checks and child safe organisations across jurisdictions (Protecting children is everyone's business: National framework for protecting Australia's children 2009-2020, 2009).
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Bushin, N. V. V. "For the sake of the children? : children's experiences of family : migration to the English countryside." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636185.

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Population census data show that increasing numbers of children are migrating within Britain. The general geographic pattern is of urban areas losing children whilst rural areas gain. As the majority of children migrate within families, the aim of this thesis is to explore: the motivations for families’ migrations to the English countryside; the processes of these migrations; children’s involvement in migration decision-making; and children’s experiences of these migrations. In-depth interviews were carried out with children and parents in thirty-seven families who had recently migrated from urban locations within Britain to rural Devon. It has been posited that families migrate to the English countryside ‘for the sake of the children’. However, there is a dearth of research that justifies this suggestion. The ‘for the sake of the children’ hypothesis is deconstructed in several ways in this thesis. Firstly, the motivations for families’ migrations are shown to be more complex than simply ‘for the sake of the children’. Secondly, exploring the processes of family migration shows that half of the families had experienced more than one migration step and that this often had implications for children’s social and educational adjustment. Thirdly, examination of children’s involvement in making migration decisions demonstrates that, despite the recommendations of global and national legislation, the majority of children did not have high levels of involvement in migration decision-making. In relation to children’s experiences of living in their rural migration destinations, the dominant social imagining of idyllic country childhoods is shown to be misleading. The majority of families had not expected living in the countryside to be idyllic prior to migrating, and the majority of children’s experiences had not been wholly positive. However, many of the children were happy in their migration destinations, perceiving elements of rural living to be beneficial for them.
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Shah, N. Mohamed. "Safe and effective use of medicines in children." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546335.

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Ware, Bettie J. Galliher John F. "Contributing factors to the decriminalization of infant abandonment and the implementation of safe haven legislation." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6883.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 24, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. John Galliher. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Abdel, Jalil Mariam Hantash. "Safe and effective use of medicines in children : pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic applications." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675938.

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Variable drug response and lack of information on drug disposition and action in rare diseases are challenges that need to be addressed for safe and effective provision of medicines. The main aim of work presented in this thesis was to address these challenges in selected areas of liver disease in children. Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic analyses in children with liver transplant revealed that tacrolimus apparent clearance decreased over time, and was higher in carriers of the CYP3A5*1 allele in both donors and recipients, however, the recipient genotype showed a more profound impact. A sub-analysis in CYP3A5 non-expresser recipients, revealed that tacrolimus clearance in this subpopulation was higher in carriers of the POR*28 allele. When compared to liver transplant patients, children with intestinal transplant exhibited higher tacrolimus clearance. Several genetic variations were investigated for correlation with phannacodynamic outcomes; of these, the IL-4 -590 C allele showed a trend towards association with acute rejection in intestinal transplant patients, while selected ABCB1 SNPs at 6 months post-transplant were associated with tacrolimus associated nephrotoxicity only in liver transplant patients. Data on the use of nitisinone for treatment of tyrosinemia type I in children, revealed that, compared to dietary treatment alone, the use of this agent is associated with enhanced patient survival and decreased need for transplant, especially if the therapy is initiated early after birth. A distinct α-fetoprotein profile was noted in children who developed hepatic cancers. The population pharmacokinetics of nitisinone was evaluated for the first time in the UK population and a gradual time dependent decrease in nitisinone clearance was observed over a period of five years. A secondary aim of the present thesis was to analyse the content, quality and trends of reporting of issues relating to liver/intestinal transplantation in UK and USA newspapers. The newspaper coverage of this topic was generally poor in quantity and in quality. The general slant regarding transplantation and donation was positive, but few articles provided information regarding the means through which an individual could become a donor. In general the current research demonstrated the usefulness of population approaches in analysing the pharmacokinetics of drugs prescribed to children and the role of genetics in variable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic outcomes of narrow therapeutic index drugs such as tacrolimus.
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O'Connor, Suzanne M. "Development of an evidence-based toolkit to support safe design for children." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33519.

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This thesis contributes to developing an evidence-based toolkit for designers when designing products based on theoretical inputs from human-factors study. Theoretical and developmental knowledge, relevant to the design of warning and risk communications and the area of design for child safety, is translated into support for reflections to practitioners. The risk management framework derived from this study aims to increase awareness of the implications of the aspects involved and as a reference point for groups involved in design for child safety. The thesis covers a shift from risk communications with children to information about children (including physical dimensions etc.) for designers. The final output is a collation of this knowledge base and some conceptual tools that can be applied to a specific design context whether that context be in risk communications or the area of general safety design considerations. Designers with little experience in managing design for children can benefit from this study when deciding on their design strategies. This reflective support is the result of a study of risk communication as a complex and unique activity in which various groups and domains are involved. The process of building an understanding started with an analysis of the literature in the field and with the direct experience of the researcher, who worked directly within ergonomics as part of a design-innovation team. The framework presented in this thesis follows a more structured approach to risk communications. It is conceived as an aid to help practitioners reflect on the implications each stage of the development process has on the experience of developing appropriate risk communications and appropriate products. In this way, it is thought of as a dynamic and flexible reference that can be adapted by design researchers when planning and coordinating design to suit different design situations. The use of this tool in the childsafety, design, and study communities would provide validation of the effectiveness of the framework and its continuous improvement. The purpose of this study is twofold: to contribute to study and practice with the aim of providing fundamental guidance to designers. The research detailed in this thesis brings readers up-to-date with the current literature on theories of risk communications. It then highlights methodologies, tools, guidelines and requirements for risk communication advances in study and practice. A framework for risk communication for young children has been developed out of a resource review based on previous work in the area by McLaughlin and Mayhorn, (2014). The information accumulated in this study has been used to develop initial prototype tools for designers who are considering young children. The developed platform supports practitioners from two different angles: theoretical and practical. Designers engaged in the core activity of design for child safety need methods that support the consideration of ergonomics and other product requirements, such as risk communications. This study contributes to developing methods and tools that can be used by designers and other relevant groups when designing risk communications for young children. Available knowledge is collated and integrated into the framework with the intention that it will be developed further throughout the thesis to consider effective use within the design cycle. This study aims to contribute to child safety by providing the first development of tools/decision supports aimed at designers who are designing for young children and are accordingly evaluating human-factors methods in design for child safety. The aim of this study is to gather the requirements of a collaborative design tool for use by industrial designers, engineers and other groups involved in design for child safety. This thesis aims to address these needs. When considering the needs, limitations and capabilities, ( mental model ) of the intended users (i.e., children), important aspects such as safety have been considered. The general need for support methods are addressed through a review of the safety, design and ergonomics literature. After this, empirical study through interviews and observations is used to outline some problem areas: the development and implementation of human-factors methods in design, lack of available resources and inaccessibility of data. Three empirical studies were conducted to meet the requirements of this study: Study 1 in Chapter 4 involves documentary analysis of existing models and methods, Study 2 in Chapter 5 involves formal interviews with designers (N = 30), and Study 3 in Chapter 7 involves an online survey for initial feedback about the prototype-persona (N = 50) respondents. The first section outlines the study questions. It discusses the outputs of the three main studies contained within this thesis.
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Lewis, Lawrence T. "The development of a safe and secure preschool department at Reidland Baptist Church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.

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Alsous, Mervat Musbah Zaki. "Safe and effective use of medicine in children : adherence and population pharmacokinetic approaches." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669538.

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Safe and effective use of medicines is an important issue especially in children with chronic illness who are less resilient to adverse events and in whom disease progression may not be addressed if appropriate medication is not taken. The research programme presented in this thesis focused on the use of dried blood spot (DBS) sampling in the assessment of adherence and population pharmacokinetics (PK) of medicines in children. The first aspect of the research focused on the use of azathioprine/6- mercaptopurine (AZA/6-MP) for the treatment of children with Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD). Portraying IBD and its treatments by the newspaper media in the UK and USA, as·a source of information and advice to the public, was investigated. Research demonstrated that information about IBD and its treatment was not frequently mentioned and reporting was generally of low quality. The media may impact public beliefs and concerns about medications and in turn influence how they use medicines themselves and give them to their children. Assay methods for the quantification of AZA/6-MP metabolites (as an adherence measure} in packed RBCs and plasma (using HPLC) and in dried blood spots (using LC/MS/MS) were developed and validated. The Bland-Altman test indicated equivalence in determined concentrations of AZA/6-MP metabolites in packed red blood cells and DBS samples. These assays were applied successfully, as part of a multi-method approach, to assess adherence to AZA/6-MP in a pilot study in children with IBD, including home DBS samples collected by children or their parents. The overall adherence rate using this method, coupled with other objective and subjective measures, was determined to be 71 %. The return rate of home DBS was reasonably high (81 .0%), however, more training on the proper use of the calibrated capillary used to collect home samples is required to help ensure good quality samples. Child concerns about medicines and the presence of side-effects, were found to significantly decrease the probability of the patient being adherent. The second major piece of clinical research presented in this thesis involved the development of a pharmacokinetic model for ketamine when used for procedural sedation and anaesthesia in neonatal intensive care patients. An LC-MS/MS method was developed, validated and applied effectively to the quantification of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers in dried blood spot samples collected from neonates recruited into the clinical trial. Utilising the data generated from the work, pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated for this patient group using population pharmacokinetic modelling. A lower volume of distribution and a shorter half-life for both ketamine enantiomers, compared to published data for older children and adults, were found. Weight was found to be the only covariate with a significant influence on the PK parameters. With further refinement, the final pharmacokinetic models can be utilised when designing ketamine dosage regimen in neonates. The research presented in this thesis clearly demonstrated the utility of the novel DBS approach which has extended the scope for conducting adherence and population pharmacokinetic studies in children.
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Peletz, Rachel L. "Safe drinking water for households with young children born to HIV-positive mothers." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558375.

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Books on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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Hunt, Roderick. House for sale. (Oxford): Oxford University Press, 1986.

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Hunt, Roderick. House for sale. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

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Weil, Ann. The bake sale battle. Barrington, Ill: Rigby, 2004.

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Landau, Elaine. Black market adoption and the sale of children. New York: F. Watts, 1990.

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Javed, Rasool, and Kesari Pradeep, eds. Trafficking in women and children in India: Sexual exploitation and sale. New Delhi: Uppal Pub. House for William Carey Study and Research Centre, Calcutta, and Joint Women's Programme, 1988.

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Meer, Ron Van der. Little look 'n go car. Wilton, CT: Joshua Morris Pub., 1987.

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Berne, Emma Carlson. Run your own yard sale. New York: PowerKids Press, 2014.

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Perot, H. Ross. Not for sale at any price: How we can save America for our children. New York: Hyperion, 1993.

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Malarek, Victor. The Johns: Sex for sale and the men who buy it. New York: Arcade Pub., 2011.

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Centre, UNICEF Innocenti Research. Handbook on the optional protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. Florence, Italy: UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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de Boer-Buquicchio, Maud. "Sale of Children and Trafficking in Children as International Crimes." In The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 1341–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63058-8_75.

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de Boer-Buquicchio, Maud. "Sale of Children and Trafficking in Children as International Crimes." In The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63192-9_75-1.

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Arkadas-Thibert, Adem, and Gerison Lansdown. "Article 35: Prevention of Abduction, Sale, and Trafficking." In Monitoring State Compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 369–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84647-3_37.

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Mostafi, Jaouad, D. ounia Bassir, Saïd Oulkheir, Hamid El Oirdi, Khadija El Kharrim, and Driss Belghyti. "Study of Correlation Between Intestinal Parasitism and the Nutritional Status of Children at the Moulay Abdellah Hospital of Sale (MOROCCO)." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 353–61. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53824-7_32.

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Harding, Dido. "Staying Safe Online." In Online Risk to Children, 177–87. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118977545.ch10.

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Herring, Tanya. "The Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, and International Global Policy Outlook of the Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography." In Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research, 149–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90590-3_8.

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Al-Hassan, Mada Abdullah, and Theodoros Marinis. "Sentence repetition in children with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia." In Studies in Arabic Linguistics, 144–76. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sal.10.06alh.

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Musgrave, Jackie. "Keeping children and adolescents safe." In Health and Wellbeing for Babies and Children, 58–67. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003255437-7.

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Grobbee, D. E., and A. A. A. Bak. "Electrolyte Intake and Hypertension in Children." In Salt and Hypertension, 283–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73917-0_26.

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Vanobbergen, Bruno. "Are Children's Rights Duty-Free?" In Safe Spaces, 97–108. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-936-7_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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Carlini, Beatriz, Sharon Garrett, and Lexi Nims. "Are parents who use cannabis receptive to safe storage interventions and point-of-sale education?" In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.18.

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Purpose: The provision of cannabis storage devices paired with consumer prevention messages at point-of-sale has been considered by local health agencies to reduce youth access to cannabis in homes with adult cannabis consumers. This project sought to learn about current storage practices, interest in safe storage devices, and acceptability of youth prevention messages among adult consumers with youth at home. Methods: Potential participants responded to a Facebook advertisement and then completed an online survey which identified those who were over 21, used cannabis at least six times in the past six months, had children at home, lived in a target WA state county, and made at least one purchase from a cannabis store. Semi-structured interviews were conducted over Zoom, in May-June 2021. Participants responded to open-ended questions and reacted to existing prevention messages. Thematic analysis was performed by the three authors in two iterations; first initial themes were identified, and a coding framework was developed, then focused coding was conducted using this framework. Results: Sixteen parents ranging in age from 21-50 were interviewed. Most were women (14; 88%), 10 (63%) were White/Caucasian, 3 (19%) Black/African American, and 1 (1%) each Pacific Islander and White/Caucasian, Native American/American Indian, and Black/African American and White/Caucasian. Eleven had children between 2-10 y.o. and six between 11-17 y.o. in the home. Thirteen (81%) used cannabis daily, many for medicinal reasons. Parents described a wide range of storage practices and were supportive of receiving storage devices from retail stores. Health messages were well received when they were simple, depicted parents in a positive light, included relatable images, and emphasized edibles and that children may not know that products contain cannabis. Parents saw the importance of messages focused on brain development and the social consequences of teen use but were wary of messages that encouraged adult cannabis use to be hidden, that suggested that adults should communicate their disapproval of cannabis, or that described cannabis as addictive. Conclusions: Parents who use cannabis expressed concern for their kids and understood that cannabis use can negatively affect child development. While most were willing to store their cannabis out of reach of their children, cannabis was not viewed as being as harmful as other products that they consider a priority to store out of reach of children, such as opioids, alcohol, and guns. Content of health messages can easily be rejected if perceived as judgmental, stigmatizing, or untrue. Most parents trusted that open dialogues with their kids was the most effective prevention, and most were not willing to hide their own use.
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Doroș, Diana. "The concept of child pornography. Regulatory instruments." In Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359030.07.

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Child pornography is a form of sexual exploitation minors, a phenomenon that degrades and exploits children, undermines the family and distorts social relations. This phenomenon has always created addiction and pathology sexual. What began with a simple curiosity, satisfied by viewing nudity scenes, continues with sexual perversions and in some cases ends with committing sexual offenses against children. Offenders who commit acts of child pornography through computer systems acting either under the impulse of sexual preferences, aimed at minors, or for the purpose of obtaining materials from the sale of materials child pornography for either reason. The emergence of this phenomenon has generated, quite justifiably, a strong concern at the international level, in order to discourage and sanction, especially the production and spread these materials. The political pressure that has developed in recent years on this. The issue has gradually led to the substantiation of some principles of action, as well as some legal norms with extraterritorial applicability, likely to fix, as precisely as possible, the facts submitted criminal sanctions and to facilitate international cooperation aimed at combating the phenomenon child pornography.
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Sosnovenko, Nataliia. "WORK OF THE PRACTICAL PSYCHOLOGIST FOR PREVENTING VIOLENCE BETWEEN STUDENTS IN QUARANTINE PERIOD." In National Events on WMHD in Ukraine. N-DSA-N, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/nmhdup2021.6.

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The problem of violence against children has always existed and will probably exist. Today, its consequences, such as the death of children from starvation, during bombing and and shooting, murder during domestic quarrel are widespread. There are also forms of violence, such as sale of children, lebworks, economic exploitation, prostitution, neglect of needs and interests etc. Closure of educational institutions, distance learning through COVID-19 has radically changed the form of psychological support for students. Forced isolation has exacerbated the already difficult problem of violence. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the problem of prevention of violence among students during quarantine; to determine the algorithm of work of a practical psychologist on prevention of violence among students during the quarantine period; propose measures to prevent domestic violence. A study was conducted during November 2020 by conducting group focus interviews with teachers of educational institutions on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to determine the impact of the pandemic and quarantine measures on the implementation of the educational process in general and its participants in particular. The poll was anonymous. The Coverage of respondents – 3209 people. The level is all-Ukrainian. The algorithm of actions of pedagogical workers in case of revealing signs or facts that may indicate the commission of violence against a child at work and the algorithm of a practical psychologist for the prevention of violence among students during quarantine are determined. Activities with teachers, students and parents on the prevention of domestic violence are proposed. Keywords. abuse, violence prevention, quarantine, students, practical psychologists, psychological service
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Li, Shuai. "Children-friendly design of urban public space based on the study of Shanghai, China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/znxx7695.

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At present, more than 50% of children live in big cities. But with the increasing number of motor vehicles and shrinking public spaces , children have less and less opportunities for outdoor activities, resulting in obesity and sub-health problems. Therefore, it is very important to build children-friendly public spaces in metropolis. This study takes the Shanghai,china as an example.Firstly,through questionnaires,it is found that ensuring the safe movement of children and inspiring their spontaneous activities are key points to build children-friendly public spaces. Meanwhile, The public spaces near the home are the most used environment by children. Therefore, open spaces in metropolis areas need to be planned carefully for children near their homes. Then it is way much better to make sure children's places of daily life, such as homes, schools, green spaces, sports venues and so on, can be connected in a safe path. Secondly, for building the safe path for children ,the safety of each spot along the path is analyzed by SP method, which is a mathematical algorithm , in order to find the risk factors and to avoid them in the future. Then we establish the action plan of "line space + point space" to build the children-friendly urban public space system. Line space refers to meeting the basic safety space needs of children through the improvement of the routes to school, including reducing the impact of motor vehicles, safe road facilities, and enhancing road lighting system. "Point space" refers to the promotion of children's outdoor activities through the arrangement of multi-level outdoor children's playgrounds and green spaces, including safe green parks, security platforms and so on. Finally, it is hoped that the "Safety Line Space + Interesting Point Space" plan will establish a safe and inspiring path for children to travel, linking home, school, green space and sports venues, which they use mostly in their daily life. Then we can ensure the safe movement of children and inspire children's spontaneous games in big cities for a children-friendly goal
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Vyachina, A. N. "Ensuring safe work of children in the Internet at school and at home." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0036.

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The article discusses some ways to ensure the safety of children in the Internet through using the special programs and applications. Concrete examples of programs and applications designed to create a safe children's Internet environment are given.
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Schlebbe, Kirsten. "Support versus restriction: parents’ influence on young children’s information behaviour in connection with mobile devices." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2006.

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Introduction. This paper examines how parents perceive and mediate young children's use of mobile devices and discusses how this may affect children's information behaviour. Method. For data collection, semi-structured interviews with 22 parents from 19 families with 22 children aged one to six years who had already used mobile devices were conducted. Analysis. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the software MAXQDA. A combination of inductive and deductive coding methods was used for data analysis. Results. The analysis shows that young children engage in a great variety of information-related activities while interacting with mobile devices. The results also indicate a strong parental influence. Parents expressed positive and negative perceptions of young children's use of mobile devices and reported different enabling and restrictive mediation practices. Conclusions. By supporting children's use of mobile devices, parents enable their children to engage in activities that help them to access new information and expand their knowledge. At the same time, parents try to protect their children from risks and negative influences through restrictions. In this way, parents act as a bottleneck for children's access to information by mobile devices.
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Lewis, Zoe Ann Marie, Sarah Priscilla Lee, Stephanie T. Jones, Tyler James Nanoff, and Marcelo Worsley. "For Maker’s Sake: A Somatic Exploration of Making." In IDC '23: Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3585088.3589931.

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Hana, Suela. "ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATION POLICIES FOR VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING, THE NECESSITY OF THEIR MULTIDISCIPLINARY EVALUATION." In 5th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2021 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2021.413.

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Extensive developments and changes in the economic, political, social, cultural and scientific fields have undoubtedly brought problems and disturbing phenomena in many parts of the world, such as the trafficking and exploitation of human beings. Every year many women, girls and children are illegally transported across the borders of their countries of origin, sold or bought, bringing to mind all the primitive ways of human slavery, seen in stark contrast to the galloping development that society has taken today, as well as aspirations for a worldwide civilization and citizenship. Regarding Albania, the beginning of trafficking in human beings dates in 1995 (Annual Analysis of 2003 of the State Social Service, Tirana), where the country found itself in a situation of instability of political, economic, social and cultural changes, as well as in a transitional geographical position to was used by traffickers, mostly Albanians, as an “open door” for the recruitment, transportation and sale of women, girls and children from Moldova, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Albania, China, etc. Albania is identified as a source and transit country for trafficked women and children. In addition, many NGOs and international organizations report significant increase cases in the trafficking of human beings. In 1999, official sources reported that young women and girls had been lured or abducted from refugee camps in Albania during the Kosovo crisis and then sold for prostitution in Italy and the United Kingdom. Reports from Italy, Germany, Belgium and the UK suggest that Albanian women and girls, which are trafficked for prostitution mostly are from rural areas (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Review Conference, September 1999). It is almost common to talk about the phenomenon of trafficking in human beings, about the motivating and attractive factors, the consequences associated with this phenomenon of Albanian society. Given the extent of the trafficking phenomenon during the last 30 years transition period in Albania, the Government has made different legislative and institutional efforts, through a strategic approach to combat and mitigate this phenomenon. However, the elements of identification, protection, reintegration and long-term rehabilitation for victims of trafficking remain issues of concern and still not properly addressed, in the context of the institutional fight against trafficking in persons, which should have as its primary goal the protection of the human rights for victims of trafficking and not their further violation or re-victimization (Annual Report of the European Commission, 2007).
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Januskiene, Egle, and Jurate Kamicaityte. "CHILDREN'S ABILITY TO PERCEIVE LANDSCAPE AND CREATE A CONNECTION WITH THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/s22.02.

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Although the historical changes in children's perceptions of the landscape have not been studied in depth, according to the different authors, this topic is of great importance for understanding children's perceptions of the environment and the factors influencing these perceptions, as well as for understanding which urban environments are best suited to meet children's needs. This study aims to determine the changes in children's ability to perceive and explore landscapes in a historical context. The main findings are obtained using studies of artwork content and literature systemic analysis. This research has indicated the most important sociocultural factors, such as social reforms, the establishment of compulsory education, and changes in the attitudes of parents that influenced children's perception of the landscape in different historical periods, and how, considering these aspects, children's relationship with the natural environment has changed. Today, children spend more and more time indoors and in virtual environments, and due to that their relationship with the natural environment is getting weaker compared to historical times. The results of this study underline that children have little options to engage with natural settings in today's cities, which are not safe enough. As a result, children go to virtual spaces that provide opportunities to have the experiences they want. This research has also highlighted the importance of understanding what places and environments were important to children when they were still able to experience them independently and applying this knowledge to create a city suitable for children to grow up in.
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Januskiene, Egle, and Jurate Kamicaityte. "CHILDREN'S ABILITY TO PERCEIVE LANDSCAPE AND CREATE A CONNECTION WITH THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/s09.02.

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Although the historical changes in children's perceptions of the landscape have not been studied in depth, according to the different authors, this topic is of great importance for understanding children's perceptions of the environment and the factors influencing these perceptions, as well as for understanding which urban environments are best suited to meet children's needs. This study aims to determine the changes in children's ability to perceive and explore landscapes in a historical context. The main findings are obtained using studies of artwork content and literature systemic analysis. This research has indicated the most important sociocultural factors, such as social reforms, the establishment of compulsory education, and changes in the attitudes of parents that influenced children's perception of the landscape in different historical periods, and how, considering these aspects, children's relationship with the natural environment has changed. Today, children spend more and more time indoors and in virtual environments, and due to that their relationship with the natural environment is getting weaker compared to historical times. The results of this study underline that children have little options to engage with natural settings in today's cities, which are not safe enough. As a result, children go to virtual spaces that provide opportunities to have the experiences they want. This research has also highlighted the importance of understanding what places and environments were important to children when they were still able to experience them independently and applying this knowledge to create a city suitable for children to grow up in.
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Reports on the topic "SALE OF CHILDREN"

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Jiménez-Marín, G., I. García Medina, and E. Bellido-Pérez. Advertising at the point of sale: influence on children´s body image. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2017-1202en.

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Manning, Wendy, and Krista Payne. Same-Sex Married and Cohabiting Couples Raising Children. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-21-08.

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Dar, Anandini, and Divya Chopra. Co-Designing Urban Play Spaces to Improve Migrant Children’s Wellbeing. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.044.

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Between 2001 and 2011, India’s urban population increased from almost 28 per cent to just over 31 per cent. Almost 139 million people migrated to cities (mainly Delhi and Mumbai), often bringing their children with them. Most live in poverty in informal settlements that lack basic infrastructure and services. Their children are often out of school and have no safe spaces to play. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), ratified by India in 1989, recognises children’s right to play as fundamental to their social, emotional, and physical wellbeing. Urban planners need to involve children in co-designing better neighbourhoods that accommodate children’s right to play.
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Moore, Tim. Protection through participation: Involving children in child-safe organisations. Australian Catholic University, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24268/fhs.8340.

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Westrick-Payne, Krista, and Wendy Manning. Same-Sex Married and Cohabiting Couples Raising Children, 2022. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-24-05.

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Riley, Catherine, and Kate Wilson. Anaesthesia for Children with Skin Disorders. World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, August 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.28923/atotw.530.

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This tutorial explores the provision of anaesthesia for children with skin disorders, which range from mild to life-threatening. The anaesthetist must balance prevention of skin trauma or infection with the provision of safe anaesthesia, including airway and temperature management.
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van Blerk, Lorraine, Wayne Shand, and Janine Hunter. Safe Movement in the City: Street Children and Youth in Three African Cities. University of Dundee, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001142.

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Sheppard, Laura. Negative behavior exhibited by preschool children in same-age versus mixed-age groups. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5412.

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Mateo-Berganza Díaz, María Mercedes, Emma Näslund-Hadley, Margarita Cabra, and Laura Felizia Vélez Medina. Socioemotional Learning in Early Childhood Education: Experimental Evidence from the Think Equal Program’s Implementation in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004877.

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In this article we experimentally evaluate Colombias Think Equal program, which teaches socioemotional skills to children ages 3 to 6. Given the context of COVID-19, the original design was adapted as a hybrid model, alternating in-person and remote instruction and engaging families in the implementation of the curriculum. We found that the program had positive effects on childrens prosocial behavior, self-awareness, and cognitive learning. The intervention also had an impact on education centers personnel (community mothers) and caregivers implementing the activities. Treated community mothers had higher levels of empathy, lower negative health symptoms, better pedagogical practices, and a closer relationship with the childrens caregivers compared with those in the control group. Treated caregivers had better stimulation practices and lower negative health symptoms compared with those in the control group. These findings suggest that a well-designed intervention has the potential to develop socioemotional skills in children at an early age and, at the same time, to develop capacities in those who implement the activities. Our results have important implications for the design, implementation, and evaluation of early childhood socioemotional learning programs and provide novel evidence about the challenges faced by interventions combining face-to-face and remote learning.
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Ng, Amanda, Dzifa Adjaye-Gbewonyo, and Lindsey Black. Regular Bedtimes Among Children Aged 5–17 Years: United States, 2020. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:117490.

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This report uses data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to describe regular bedtimes, defined as going to sleep at the same time most days or every day in a typical school week, among children aged 5–17 years. Estimates are presented by sociodemographic characteristics, family type, social vulnerability index (SVI), family income, and urbanicity of residence.
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