Academic literature on the topic 'SAID mnemonic'

Anatomy is considered the cornerstone of medical education; Anatomical knowledge is essential for doctors regardless of their specialty. Many articles have compared anatomy teaching methods.This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of a simple mnemonic method for memorizing the carpal tunnel bones.Twenty-six physiotherapy students, 3rd year trainees in the rehabilitation and functional rehabilitation department, were included in this study,when A majority of students (63.7%) said they were satisfied with the mnemonic method .The influence of using mnemonic method for memorizing the anatomical region studied before or after the course positively influences the students' understanding of anatomy.Based on our experience and student feedback, we strongly advocate the use of the mnemonic method for memorization as a course adjacent in anatomy teaching

A well-formulated research question should incorporate the components of a ‘problem’, an ‘intervention’, a ‘control’, and an ‘outcome’—at least according to the PICO mnemonic. The utility of this format, however, has been said to be limited to clinical studies that pose ‘which’ questions demanding correlational study designs. In contrast, its suitability for descriptive approaches outside of clinical investigations has been doubted. This paper disagrees with the alleged limitations of PICO. Instead, it argues that the scheme can be used universally for every scientific endeavour in any discipline with all study designs. This argument draws from four abstract components common to every research, namely, a research object, a theory/method, a (null) hypothesis, and the goal of knowledge generation. Various examples of how highly heterogenous studies from different disciplines can be grounded in the single scheme of PICO are offered. The finding implies that PICO is indeed a universal technique that can be used for teaching academic writing in any discipline, beyond clinical settings, regardless of a preferred study design.

This research is a case study of the performance of the offering dance at the ISI Surakarta 51st Dies Natalis Ceremony (held on July 15th, 2015) by seven dancers. The seven dancers previously acted as leaders of the Senate procession, after the members of the senate sat in their seats, they danced to express the character of Bima so that it could be said that the dance was part of the ceremonial event. The sesaji dance is an expression of Bima's character, which in Javanese collective knowledge is a complex system of symbols. This phenomenon is approached through the constructivism paradigm, especially from the point of view of interpretivism where the methodological mission is to elaborate a reflective events. The research question posed is what constitutes a gift or alms in the Sapta Cipta Rasa Tunggal – title of that dance — as offering dance considering that offerings lexico-etymologically means giving alms or charity. Triangulative data as objects of observation are videos of dance performances via the YouTube platform, interviews with source persons, and library data. The conclusions drawn are: 1) this sesaji dance is a form of mnemonic (kinetic mnemonic) in the form of motion as a tool for reflective memory; 2) offering dance and imitation of the imaginary character in the kind of the Bima containing doxa – knowledge that does not need to be verified – that the ethical attitudes that humans should have are teteg, tatag, teguh, tanggon, and tanggap.

The problem of teaching the Kazakh language in our country is one of the most urgent. This direction currently requires optimization, systematization of this area, updating the methodology, increasing the number of experienced specialists and high-quality training content. Of course, it cannot be said that there is neither development nor change. There is development, and change, and result, but slower, with less result. The specialists who teach the Kazakh language also hone their experience and prepare educational content. It is known that this process is being carried out in the republic, starting from kindergartens and ending with schools, colleges, universities, language learning centers and private centers that teach the Kazakh language daily. Every citizen who teaches and studies the Kazakh language directly contributes to the expansion of the scope of the state language, improving the status of our language. Now it is very important that the methodology and training content that ensure the quality of these processes are constantly improved and updated in accordance with the rapid changes of time. To do this, every specialist of the Kazakh language should constantly look for scientific and methodological orientation, be able not only to master new technologies, but also to use them rationally in the classroom. In language teaching, it is very important that the teacher achieve a true result, i.e. be able to formulate the skills and abilities of the audience to speak Kazakh, write, read, listen and understand. The proposed article discusses various ways to achieve results in teaching the Kazakh language. The authors gave a scientific and theoretical description of mnemonic techniques that allow you to correctly memorize lexical and grammatical material, and suggested ways to use it effectively in language lessons. It is noted that the frequent use of these methods as an innovative technique in linguistics lessons makes it possible to improve the methodology and hone language experience.

Complex cognition relies on both on-line representations in working memory (WM), said to reside in the focus of attention, and passive off-line representations of related information. Here, we dissected the focus of attention by showing that distinct neural signals index the on-line storage of objects and sustained spatial attention. We recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) activity during two tasks that employed identical stimulus displays but varied the relative demands for object storage and spatial attention. We found distinct delay-period signatures for an attention task (which required only spatial attention) and a WM task (which invoked both spatial attention and object storage). Although both tasks required active maintenance of spatial information, only the WM task elicited robust contralateral delay activity that was sensitive to mnemonic load. Thus, we argue that the focus of attention is maintained via a collaboration between distinct processes for covert spatial orienting and object-based storage.

The password creation and management process presents a problem for users as secure passwords are not often very memorable, and memorable passwords are rarely secure (Adams & Sasse, 1999). Given that passwords are currently the dominant authentication method and that this situation is unlikely to change in the near future, it is imperative to continue to investigate the most effective password behaviors. Researchers have suggested that encouraging users to create passwords based on stories can be an effective method to improve password recall (Blocki, Komanduri, Cranor, & Datta, 2015). The Person-Action-Object (PAO) strategy has users create a password string based on a person they select from a predetermined list, which is later paired with an action and an object. Users are asked to imagine the person acting upon said object in a certain context. For instance, a user may imagine Darth Vader (person) bribing (action) a roach (object) among lily pads. The PAO method can help users circumvent much of the forgetting that happens soon after encoding a password. It has separately been suggested that processing pieces of information based on their relevance to one’s own fitness and survival can be the most advantageous type of processing for human memory (Nairne & Pandeirada, 2008; Nairne, Thompson, & Pandeirada, 2007). When paired against some of the most successful classic encoding techniques, processing information in regard to one’s survival has been demonstrated to be more effective (Nairne et al., 2007). The benefit provided by encoding items based on the survival-related context in comparison to similarly vivid contexts has come to be known as the survival processing advantage. Though the survival processing advantage has been found consistently across many memory studies, this advantage has not yet been studied in the context of improving memory for passwords. The present study is one of the first attempts aimed at applying what has been posed as a stone-age memory adaptation to modern-day cyber security issues. Participants were recruited from a university introductory psychology subject pool and participated in a two-part study in exchange for course credit. They were given instructions on how to use the PAO method and randomly assigned to one of two password generation conditions (i.e., vacation or survival). Depending on the context, participants were to imagine their selected person acting upon an item to ensure a successful vacation or their survival in a foreign land. The participants entered the passwords they generated into a simulated shopping website. Participants recalled their passwords after 2-min and 7-day delays. The present study found support for the PAO strategy, but did not find any systematic differences between the survival and vacation encoding conditions aimed at investigating a survival advantage beyond using the PAO strategy. In general, recall accuracy rates were very high across conditions. All participants either remembered their passwords without any mistakes or recalled almost the entirety of their passwords with relatively minor mistakes. The plausibility of implementing the PAO strategy in everyday life is further supported by subjective reports obtained on ease of recall and accuracy ratings. The manner in which participants misremembered their passwords was also systematic (e.g., mistaking the tense of the word “cook”), suggesting that additional training may be effective. Beyond the support obtained for the use of PAO strategies, there were no differences found between the control (vacation) and survival conditions. Given the robust nature of the survival processing advantage in the literature, however, it seems unlikely that it would not apply in the cybersecurity domain. Instead, the PAO strategy itself may have been sufficiently effective to produce ceiling effects that did not allow for the detection of any advantage for the survival processing condition.

The article examines the effectiveness of interdisciplinary integration in the training of future physical education teachers. The purpose of the article is to test the effectiveness of interdisciplinary integration in the training of future teachers of physical education. Research methodology includes: empirical methods: observations, questionnaires, pedagogical experiment is for checking the effectiveness of interdisciplinary integration in the training of future teachers of physical education; methods of mathematical statistics are for processing the results of experimental work. Analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of interdisciplinary integration in the training of future teachers of physical education is based on a certain system of standards: pedagogical orientation, independence and professional maturity, which we used to diagnose their development by those activities that included students of the experimental group. After analyzing the data, it was found that students of the control and experimental groups have significant differences on such scales as: awareness, decision-making, planning and communication; as well as a positive trend on the scales: mnemonic, volitional and mental. According to the study, it can be said that future physical education teachers of the experimental group are more knowledgeable and confident in choosing their profession, they more rationally and adequately assess the situation and plan their future more thoughtfully than students in the control group.

Introduction: TMS is said to be an effective technique for motor and cognitive rehabilitation for acquired neurological lesions. This study aims to evaluate the effect of TMS in the cognition of patients after stroke. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal and interventional study was approved by the Ethics Committee (Protocol No. 54977216.3.0000.5078) and included 16 stroke victims aged from 24 to 74 years. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test was used before and after the stimulation sessions and TMS was administered according to treatment protocols for a motor goal, with inhibitory (1 hz) TMS stimulation over the right and left primary motor cortex; and according to protocol for the prefrontal cortex involved in humor processing, with stimulation (10 hz) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and inhibitory (1 hz) stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The patients underwent fifteen treatment sessions, on average. Results: Memory subtests showed improvement, and average and standard deviation values for the pre- and post-intervention periods were [2.06 (1.6) and 3.5 (1.5)], respectively. In terms of total performance, MoCA results were [18.7(3.4) and 21.1(4.03)]. Student’s t test indicated p=0.006 for performance differences in memory and p=0.003 for total performance. Conclusion: TMS was shown to be effective in achieving cognitive rehabilitation after strokes, most notably in terms of the recovery of mnemonic functions

When the last Inca emperor and the conquistador from Extremadura, Spain, met in Cajamarca, Peru, on Saturday, 16 November 1532, a world separated them, but they had one thing in common: neither knew how to read. In Andean popular culture and historical analysis, Atahualpa and Francisco Pizarro remain the protagonists of that formidable collision of worlds, in which the most powerful man of the Tawantinsuyo, the Inca empire, which stretched from Ecuador to northern Argentina, confronted a Spanish adventurer who was seeking an easy fortune, well aware that this encounter was his last and greatest opportunity. Beyond a mnemonic system of colored knots called quipus, which registered population numbers and other types of numerical accounting, the Incas did not know writing. Pizarro was an illegitimate child from a rich family and apparently had been a swineherd as a boy. It has been repeated that despite his illiteracy, he belonged to the “civilization of the sign” while Atahualpa, despite his power, was condemned for belonging to “the culture of orality.” However, according to legend, during his months of prison, out of curiosity the Inca learned some Spanish words and wrote on the fingernail of his thumb the word Dios (“God”). It is said that he showed it to Pizarro, asking him what it meant, and found that his rival could not read it. From the prison cell of a condemned man and the site of his punishment, Atahualpa engaged in what might have been the first critical reappropriation of the Castilian language (Garcilaso, Historia 98; bk. 1, ch. 33).

Introduction During labour, pain can affect the health of the mother and the foetus, and its relief is a right of the mother and a duty of the professionals. In the promotion of a positive experience of labour, it is crucial that nurses specialised in maternal and obstetric health give priority to pain assessment and the use of non-pharmacological methods for pain relief, providing the necessary resources and empowering parturients to use them. Among said methods, virtual reality stands out due to its ease of use and for allowing the reduction of pain levels by diverting attention from the real world, using computers and other devices. Since it is a new approach that is not yet implemented in delivery rooms in Portugal, it is important to map the facilitating factors and barriers associated with its use, so that the dissemination of existing knowledge and its transfer to skilled nursing care during the first stage of labour can be planned. Objective To map the research evidence on the facilitating factors and barriers in the use of VR as a non-pharmacological strategy for pain relief during labour in hospital settings. Methods This protocol follows the guidelines published by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and MedicLatina through the EBSCOhost platform, the Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, through the Ovid platform are considered for the search and, the grey literature is also included. As inclusion criteria, qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies that address virtual reality as a pain relief strategy during labour in hospital settings (based on the mnemonic PCC - Population, Concept and Context), published in Portuguese, French, Spanish or English language between 2017 and 2022 are considered. The titles and abstracts of identified references will be independently reviewed and assessed for eligibility by two reviewers. In the event of a tie, a third reviewer will be used. Full text studies and data will be extracted using a form. The data extraction table will show the mapped data in a descriptive way answering the research questions. Discussion The results will allow summarising the barriers and facilitating factors in the use of Virtual Reality for pain relief during labour and thus contribute to decision making in planning the dissemination of this strategy to pregnant women and health professionals and its implementation in delivery rooms. Systematic Review Record Open Science Framework : osf.io/4b2sj

Abstract Traditions that are carried entirely in human memory without a external mnemonic aids are of obvious relevance to a science that would have something to say about long-term retention and retrieval. Indeed from a descriptive point of view, one may consider any corpus of folkloric texts as a “natural experiment “ in memorization conducted on the grandest of scales: with a cast of thousands performing across periods of centuries. Vikis-Freibergs, 1984, p. 326 There is one last thing to be said about my research style. It has always started with a phenomenon and only later become theoretical. I have tended to pick some mystery and poke it and prod it and tum it all round in an effort to figure it out. While no one seems to recommend a phenomenon-centered approach to research, it can be argued that its record is at least as good as that of theory-centered work.

The diagnoses shown in bold in Figure 18.1 are all surgical emergencies that you must exclude as you clerk the patient. In women, you should consider gynaecological causes, e.g. ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion (you can of course narrow these down depending on whether the woman is of childbearing age or not). Also, bear in mind that other abdominal pathology can occasionally present as flank pain (e.g. pancreatitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis). You should ask the standard array of questions about the pain—remember the mnemonic SOCRATES: Site: Where is the pain, and has it always been there? Is it unilateral or bilateral? Kidney stones are almost always unilateral, but the location of the pain may radiate from loin to groin. Often they start with a vague discomfort that is ignored until it becomes a severe pain. Onset: Any trauma or other trigger, or spontaneous? Gradual or sudden? Trauma may lead to musculoskeletal pain or internal bleeding. Character: Is the pain colicky or constant? Is it sharp or dull? Ureteric stones give a colicky (waxing and waning) pain because of periodic spasms of the ureteric smooth muscle walls trying to dislodge the blockage. A constant pain is more consistent with a stone lodged in the kidney, which does not periodically contract (‘vermiculate’) like the ureters, or an inflammatory cause. Musculoskeletal pain is more typically an ache, while nerve impingement causes shooting pains. Radiation: Does the pain radiate to the groin (typical of ureteric pain)? Does it radiate down the leg (typical of lumbar nerve root pain)? Alleviating factors: Does anything make the pain better, e.g. a given posture, eating/drinking, any medications, etc.? Timing: How long has the pain been present? Musculoskeletal back pain can last many weeks, whereas a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is unlikely to persist for more than a day without resolution, one way or another. Exacerbating factors: Does anything make the pain worse? Patients with peritonitis (e.g. due to a perforated peptic ulcer) are very sensitive to movement. Severity: How severe is the pain (e.g. on a scale of 1–10)? Kidney stones are said to be excruciatingly painful, comparable to childbirth.

Abstract A good history is crucial. Listen to the patient uninterrupted first. Assess whether the headache is new and/or different. Look for the presence of “red flags.” Red flags can be remembered with the SNNOOP10 and SAIL mnemonics. If any, obtain work-up such as brain MRI rapidly. Most of headache diagnoses are made based on history. Patients recording headache days, symptoms, and medication use on a calendar is very helpful longitudinal data for both diagnostic purposes and monitoring. Make sure you address the patients’ expectations of their visit. Screen for aura and ask about exogenous estrogen use. Evaluate for and address comorbidities and risk factors for migraine chronification.