Dissertations / Theses: 'Safety'

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Nguyen, Viet Hung. "Model based safety assessmentfor safety critical system." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, PELAB - Laboratoriet för programmeringsomgivningar, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-75936.

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Nowadays, model-based diagnosis plays an important role in many systems fromsimple to complex, especially systems with high demand of safety. Inavionics/aerospace systems, the large distance from the vehicle to earth makes themaintenance process difficult. As a result, in this field model-based diagnosis hasbecome a major method for fault identification and recovering and NASA AmesResearch Center has developed the advanced diagnostics and prognostics testbed(ADAPT) as a platform for experimenting and comparing the results of differentdiagnosis technologies and tools. This study reviews the theory of model-based diagnosis and how it is employed inavionics systems. The diagnosis system in our study consists of a set of sensorsmonitoring different parameter of electrical components in the system to detect andlocate faults. In the scope of this study, we focus on detecting drift fault of electricalcomponents’ parameter such as values of voltage, current and resistor. Two approachesare used for detecting this kind of fault: CUSUM chart V-mask method and Shewhartvariable control chart. The application which is built based on these approaches will berun on ADAPT and the result will be showed and discussed.

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Papadopoulos, Yiannis. "Safety-directed system monitoring using safety cases." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313851.

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Håvold, Jon Ivar. "From Safety Culture to Safety Orientation - Developing a tool to measure safety in shipping." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1761.

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From Safety Culture to Safety Orientation.

Developing a tool to measure safety in shipping

This study intend to develop a tool to measure safety orientation (SO) in shipping. SO should be considered a practical safety culture assessment instrument, indicating the degree of orientation towards safety in a group or an organisation. The scale can for example be used in benchmarking as a key performance indicator (KPI), or as an indicator in a balanced scorecard type of management tool.

The definition of the construct follows below:

“Safety orientation consists of the cultural and contextual factors that create the attitudes and behaviour that influence occupational health and safety. Organisations with a positive safety orientation are characterised by a perception of the importance of health and safety, and by confidence in the efficacy of their chosen measures to create the necessary behaviour for avoiding or limiting accidents and to continuously improve health and safety.” (Håvold, 2005).

Examples on the cultural and contextual factors (see definition) might be national culture, organizational culture, industry culture, professional culture, regulations and competition.

The research falls into two categories; to contribute to theory testing of selected hypotheses related to safety culture/safety climate and contribute to the development of a tool to measure SO in shipping.

An extensive literature search in the maritime and safety fields revealed that there has been almost no previous research dealing with safety culture/climate in the maritime context. The study therefore examines the literature dealing with safety culture and climate in areas other than shipping. Many of the factors identified by these investigations assisted the study in the development of a first culture assessment instrument to measure SO at sea.

The main study was designed to represent as broadly as possible the safety attitudes, safety climate and safety culture of seafarers employed aboard Norwegian-owned vessels.

The study was based on a quantitative research approach using two questionnaires for data gathering, generating two datasets. These datasets provide the basis upon which the analyses were conducted. The total number of seafarers who participated in the two surveys numbered more than 2800 from 27 countries. Analysis of the datasets enabled the safety orientation construct to be described comprehensively and to be tested using different quantitative methods.

Fra Sikkerhetskultur til Sikkerhetsorientering

Utvikling av et verktøy for å måle sikkerhet i skipsfart

Forskningen presentert i avhandlingen har som hovedintensjon å utvikle et verktøy til å måle sikkerhets orientering (SO) i skipsfart. SO er tenkt å være et praktisk instrument basert på sikkerhetskultur/klima, og som indikerer i hvor stor grad en gruppe eller organisasjon er orientert mot sikkerhet og som eksempelvis kan benyttes i benchmarking som en nøkkelindikator eller som indikator i balansert målstyring.

Sikkerhetsorientering er definert nedenfor:

Sikkerhets orientering er et resultat av kulturelle og kontekstuelle faktorer som fører til holdninger og handlinger som i sin tur påvirker yrkesmessig helse og sikkerhet. Organisasjoner med positiv sikkerhets orientering er karakterisert ved at helse og sikkerhet oppfattes som viktig, og ved tillit til at forebyggende aktiviteter vil gi ønsket handling slik at ulykker kan begrenses eller unngås og helse og sikkerhet kan forbedres kontinuerlig (Håvold, 2005).

Eksempel på kulturelle og kontekstuelle faktorer (se definisjon) kan være nasjonal kultur, organisasjons kultur, industri kultur profesjons kultur, lover og regler eller konkurranse.

Forskningen og de publiserte arbeidene som er en del av avhandlingen har både bidratt til teori ved å teste utvalgte hypoteser relatert til sikkerhets kultur/ sikkerhets klima, og bidratt til utvikling av et instrument for å måle SO i shipping.

Litteratur søk i starten på prosjektet avdekket at det var publisert så godt som ingen forskning som omhandlet sikkerhets kultur/klima i en maritim setting. Senere er det publisert noe men betydelig mindre enn for eksempel for offshore oljeproduksjon. Utviklingen av et instrument for å vurdere sikkerhetsorientering til sjøs baserer seg derfor i stor grad på forskning utført i andre bransjer enn shipping.

Hovedstudien ble designet slik at den omfatter holdninger til sikkerhet, sikkerhets klima og sikkerhets kultur til sjømenn ombord på skip eid av Norske redere.

Studien er kvantitativ, basert på analyser av to datasett innsamlet via to spørreskjemaer. I alt deltok mer enn 2800 sjømenn fra 27 land i undersøkelsen. Analyser av datamaterialet gjorde at sikkerhetsorientering begrepet kunne bli beskrevet og testet ved å benytte forskjellig kvantitative metoder.

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4

Ferraro, Lidia. "Measuring safety climate : the implications for safety performance /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/965.

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Safety culture and safety climate are terms that are used often in the context of safety management but are not very well defined or differentiated. This research concentrates on safety climate, a summary concept of employee perceptions of safety management practices within their organisation. There is a common assumption that a positive safety climate results in better safety performance outcomes, yet there is little research evidence to support this notion.
Despite being defined as a summary concept, much of the research on safety climate has been empirically driven and has concentrated on identifying the number and content of the dimensions/factors that contribute to the safety climate. Due to a lack of theoretical input in the field, the use of proprietary instruments which are unavailable in the public domain and varied developmental histories of these tools, the findings of past research has been mixed.
This research addresses several of the limitations in the literature on safety climate by using the National Safety Council of Australia’s Safety Climate Survey. The research centres around two main issues; the dimensionality and factor structure of safety climate; and investigation of the applicability of a framework linking safety climate to safety performance.
The project was divided into two studies. Study I is based on archival data collected by the National Safety Council of Australia (NSCA) (N=215, N=127, N=90). Study II utilises data collected specifically for the purposes pf this research (N=226). The survey instrument was further developed for Study II to include scales that allow for a more complete investigation of a framework linking safety climate to safety performance.
A comprehensive validation of the NSCA safety climate survey was conducted. Structural Equation Modelling was utilised to examine various models of the factor structure of safety climate. It was found that safety climate is best understood as a second order concept comprised of several specific first order factors. The factor structure remained consistent across several samples however the strength of the individual factors varied in each sample.
Structural Equation Modelling was also used to investigate the framework of the relationship between safety climate and safety performance. Evidence in support of his model was obtained however some variations to the model were necessary to achieve this support. Reinforcement for the influence of general organisational climate in providing a context for safety climate was revealed. Given that it was not possible to include all aspects of the framework within the statistical model these findings provide a good impetus for further research in this field.

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Streff, Frederick M. "Driving safety and safety engineering: exploring risk compensation." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49837.

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Olsson, Jonas. "Safety Turnbuckle." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics and Mathematics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-117.

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This degree project has been carried out at FMC technology, Kongsberg, Norway. The aim of the project is to design turnbuckles that facilitate length adjustment of a sling during offshore lifting. Additionally, the design has to fulfil FMC technology safety requirements.

Further, the project also comprises of studies like material selection, numerical calculations, manufacturing and detailed drawings of all the components of the final design concept.

The final design concept presented in this report is based on a modification of an ordinary turnbuckle. Design improvements were carried out in order to fulfil the FMC technology requirements. A material selection has been performed according to DNV 2.7-1, and a suitable surface treatment of the material has been conducted. For the calculations, a safety factor has been taken in to account according to DNV 2.7-1.

The drawings of each component of the turnbuckle have been presented and are attached to this report.

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Ivanova, Olena. "Ecological safety." Thesis, Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. академіка В. Лазаряна, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9330.

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The article deals with the environment and human being interdependence. The changes in the relationship between man and environment depend upon the change in organization and attitude of society. The authors emphasize that one should stick to some rules to become a civilized society in order to improve environmental standard and to maintain ecological balance.
В статті розглядається взаємозалежність навколишнього середовища та людини. Зміни у відносинах між людиною та навколишнім середовищем залежать від зміни в організації та відношенні суспільства. Автори підкреслюють, що слід дотримуватися деяких правил, щоб стати цивілізованим суспільством в цілях вдосконалення екологічного стандарту та підтримання екологічної рівноваги.
В статье рассматривается взаимозависимость окружающей среды и человека. Изменения в отношениях между человеком и окружающей средой зависят от изменения в организации и отношении общества. Авторы подчеркивают, что следует придерживаться некоторых правил, чтобы стать цивилизованным обществом в целях улучшения экологического стандарта и поддержания экологического равновесия.

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Holovach, M. "Safety issue." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40484.

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There is no doubt that in the age of informational technology the importance of saving and protecting personal data is growing rapidly. Many places such as companies, banks, hospitals or even your personal gadgets need their data to be protected well. Because of these reasons more and more money are invested in security programs. So what can be a target of cybercriminals?

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James, Kara Ellen. "Crosswalk safety." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002jamesk.pdf.

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Oeding, Matthew. "Defibrillation safety." Thesis, Oeding, Matthew (2012) Defibrillation safety. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/13113/.

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In the past years, there has been a dramatic transition between the use of older monophasic defibrillators to newer, more sophisticated, biphasic types. As these biphasic defibrillators are more efficient, they require less energy and therefore create less of a risk to bystanders. Due to the lack of research around these new defibrillators, the current recommended procedures may not accurately reflect the safety of medical personnel. Because of this, the recommended “all clear” period may in fact become detrimental to the health of the patient as it causes the cessation of crucial activities of medical staff such as IV canalization and chest compressions. This thesis is aimed at assisting in a study to be performed by the Professor of Emergency Medicine at Royal Perth Hospital by designing a device capable of measuring, storing and analyzing the leakage voltages from a patient and their environment whilst undergoing defibrillation. The device that was designed consisted of a data acquisition system that would measure the voltages using standard ECG leads, and then wirelessly transmit that data to a laptop for further processing. Throughout the entire design process, the focus was aimed at ensuring the device would meet all the criteria specified in the required standards and cause no detrimental effect to the patient being monitored. At the end of the thesis period, a functional schematic was designed and tested, ready for manufacture as well as a solid framework of the software component of the project.

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Šmoldas, Michal. "CIP Safety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377037.

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This master´s thesis deals with the analysis of CIP technology and the creation of laboratory tasks from components based on this technology. The aim of the thesis is to create a literary research on CIP technology and its individual extensions focusing on CIP Safety. Further, a functional laboratory panel is assembled from the available components in the FEKT VUT Brno laboratory supporting this technology CIP Safety, specifying the assignment of the laboratory task. Functionality of the panel has been verified by the SW solution of the laboratory task with visualization and control of the virtual production line. The result of the work is literary research on CIP technology, functional laboratory panel, specification of assignment of laboratory task and SW solution of task with visualization and control of virtual production line.

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Šindelek, Milan. "CIP Safety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240916.

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This master’s thesis deals with the security machinery using available technologies. It contains a description to assess and reduce the risk of machine design of security measures and their application. In each section are provides descriptions of the standards, using the CIP Safety communication technology, design and implementation security measures of machine at two demonstration learning tasks.

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Pohl, Reinhard, and Antje Bornschein. "How safe is safe? Experiences in Dam Safety Policy." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-160789.

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Dam safety is a perpetual issue everywhere, when communities are located downstream of dams. This paper reflects experiences of the related practice and considerations in Germany. The probability of dam failure will be considered from a theoretical as well as from an empirical point of view. Information necessary in drawing up special hazard and risk maps are described and evaluated. For small dams further considerations to simplify the analysis procedure will be presented.

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Pohl, Reinhard, and Antje Bornschein. "How safe is safe? Experiences in Dam Safety Policy." Technische Universität Dresden, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28542.

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Dam safety is a perpetual issue everywhere, when communities are located downstream of dams. This paper reflects experiences of the related practice and considerations in Germany. The probability of dam failure will be considered from a theoretical as well as from an empirical point of view. Information necessary in drawing up special hazard and risk maps are described and evaluated. For small dams further considerations to simplify the analysis procedure will be presented.

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Harries, Rhydian. "Safety cases and safety culture : a safety case elicitation tool for light unmanned air vehicles." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4606.

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Jaradat, Omar. "Enhancing the Maintainability of Safety Cases Using Safety Contracts." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-29133.

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Safety critical systems are those systems whose failure could result in loss of life, significant property damage, or damage to the environment. These systems require high quality and dependability levels in them, where system safety is a major property that should be adequately assured to avoid any severe outcomes. Many safety critical systems in different domains (e.g., avionics, railway, automotive, etc.) are subject to a certification. The certification process is based on an evaluation of whether the associated hazards to a system are mitigated to an acceptable level. Safety cases are often required to demonstrate how a regulatory body can reasonably conclude that a system is acceptably safe from the evidence available. The development of safety cases has become common practice in many safety critical system domains. However, safety cases are costly since they need significant amount of time and efforts to produce. This cost can be dramatically increased (even for already certified systems) due to system changes as they require maintaining the safety case before it can be submitted for certification. Anticipating potential changes is useful since it reveals traceable consequences that will eventually reduce the maintenance efforts. However, considering a complete list of anticipated changes is difficult. What can be easier though is to determine the flexibility of system components to changes. Sensitivity analysis has been proposed as a useful tool to measure the flexibility of the different system properties to changes. Furthermore, the concept of contracts have been proposed as a means for facilitating the change management process due to their ability to record the dependencies among system's components. In this thesis, we use sensitivity analysis to support changes prediction and prioritisation. We also use safety contracts to record the information of changes that will ultimately advise the engineers what to consider and check when changes actually happen.

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Cottle, Cassandra. "A Safety Exit Interview: Could there be safety gains?" Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Psychology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7172.

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This study sought to investigate the relationship between safety voicing and employee turnover. A model of the safety exit interview process was developed, along with reasons why conducting a safety exit interview may help improve workplace safety. A generic safety exit survey template was developed and administered to a sample of workers previously employed in high safety risk occupations. 126 participants completed the study measures. The type of information which the safety exit survey elicited is described. Results found clear evidence that safety concerns had influenced participants to leave their previous job. It was also found participants wished to voice these safety concerns at exit, but for some reason they could not or chose not to do so. Results also support the predictions that management and co-worker trust and support for safety, would be negatively associated with voicing within the safety exit survey context. Support was also found for the prediction that management trust and support for safety, would be positively associated with the actual voicing of safety issues on the job. Overall, this study seeks to improve workplace safety through encouraging the use of a safety exit interview.

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Šljivo, Irfan. "Facilitating Reuse of Safety Case Artefacts Using Safety Contracts." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27906.

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Safety-critical systems usually need to comply with a domain-specific safety standard, which often require a safety case in form of an explained argument supported by evidence to show that the system is acceptably safe to operate in a given context. Developing such systems to comply with a safety standard is a time-consuming and costly process. Reuse within development of such systems is used to reduce the cost and time needed to both develop the system and the accompanying safety case. Reuse of safety-relevant components that constitute the system is not sufficient without the reuse of the accompanying safety case artefacts that include the safety argument and the supporting evidence. The difficulties with reuse of the such artefacts within safety-critical systems lie mainly in the nature of safety being a system property and the lack of support for systematic reuse of such artefacts. In this thesis we focus on developing the notion of safety contracts that can be used to facilitate systematic reuse of safety-relevant components and their accompanying artefacts. More specifically, we explore the following issues: in which way such contracts should be specified, how they can be derived, and in which way they can be utilised for reuse of safety artefacts. First, we characterise the contracts as either “strong” or “weak” to facilitate capturing different behaviours reusable components can exhibit in different systems. Then, we present methods for deriving safety contracts from failure analyses. As the basis of the safety-critical systems development lies in the failure analyses and identifying which malfunctions eventually can lead to accidents, we deem that the basis for specifying the safety contracts lies in capturing information identified by such failure analyses within the contracts. Finally, we provide methods for generative reuse of the safety case artefacts by utilising the safety contracts. Moreover, we define a safety contracts development process as guidance for systematic reuse based on the safety contracts. We use a real-world case to demonstrate the proposed process.
SYNOPSIS - Safety Analysis for Predictable Software Intensive Systems

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Kelly, Timothy Patrick. "Arguing safety : a systematic approach to managing safety cases." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285977.

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Suhanyiova, Lucia. "Product safety culture : a new variant of safety culture?" Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=238033.

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Siddiqui, Deeba. "The Impact of Daily Safety Huddles on Safety Culture." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10153342.

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Death from medical error at time of writing is the third leading cause of the death in the United States. Creating a world where patients and those who care for them are free from harm is the priority in the patient safety movement. A strong culture of prioritizing safe practices is the foundation for safe patient care; this culture can be developed and maintained by the implementation of daily safety huddles. By engaging the team in safety behaviors to achieve the goal of reducing preventable patient harm, daily safety huddles have the potential to impact the safety culture at both the unit and organizational level. Daily safety huddles are deliberate, intentional, purposed conversations in a non-punitive environment from the leader with their team about safety events, concerns, and needs so that situational awareness is created, the team has a shared mental model, and resources can be assigned to reduce the risk of potential events of harm to patients, families, and the health care team. This change project evaluated the impact of daily safety huddles on unit-level safety culture as measured by the Safety Organizing Scale (SOS) survey which is based on the principles of high reliability utilizing a pre-posttest quantitative design. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the inclusive of gender, race, age, experience level, and educational level. Results indicated an overall increase in mean scores from the pre-test to the post-test for all behavioral indices of safety culture with the exception of one question describing handoff communication. A statistically significant positive difference was noted between groups with p = .03 for the SOS question on discussion of mistakes and how to learn from them as a result of huddle implementation. Thus, the implementation of huddles demonstrated a clinically significant improvement in unit level safety culture and a statistically significant improvement in one domain.

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Van, Bibber Ashley M. "Monitoring Safety Process Performance with Leading Indicator Safety Audits." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1430422992.

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Kivistö-Rahnasto, Jouni. "Machine safety design : an approach fulfilling European safety requirements /." Espoo [Finland] : Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2000. http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/publications/2000/P411.pdf.

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Pearce, Megan Nicole. "Safety Climate, Safety Behaviours and Control: An Application of the Job Demand-Control model to Occupational Safety." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7010.

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While the literature surrounding the negative effects of stress on health and well-being is plentiful, there is a distinct lack of research applying stress frameworks to an organisational safety context. This study investigated the impact of stressors and strains on safety in the workplace, using the Job Demand-Control model as a research framework. In order to maintain a proactive approach to safety management, safety climate, safety compliance and safety participation were used as study variables as they have been established as antecedents to accidents and injuries in the workplace. From questionnaire data from employees with regular safety issues it was found that a positive relationship exists between safety climate and safety behaviours. Satisfaction was found to mediate the relationship between safety climate and one dimension of the safety compliance measure used. Providing support for the buffer hypothesis of the Job Demand-Control model, safety control moderated the relationship between safety climate and safety participation. Control over work scheduling, and decision latitude moderated the relationship between safety climate and safety participation but were indicative of an enhancing effect, rather than a buffering effect. The results suggest that control is an important variable to consider in terms of safety.

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Pettinger, Charles Blakley. "Improving Occupational Safety & Health Interventions: A Comparison of Safety Self-Efficacy & Safety Stages of Change." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27395.

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For people aged 44 and under, the primary cause of loss of life in the U.S. is not due to heart disease or cancer, but to something as common as injuries (U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1998). As such, injuries kill an average of 142,000 Americans and require an estimated 62.5 billion dollars in medical attention each year (U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1998). This is close to three people dying and over 170 people sustaining a disabling injury every 10 minutes (National Safety Council, 1999). Every year more than 80,000 Americans are permanently disabled as a result of injury to the brain or spinal cord. Thus, unintentional injury represents a serious public health concern, and a theory-driven community, school, and organizational injury prevention technology is needed to improve the health and safety of individuals.
Ph. D.

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Bahari, Siti Fatimah binti Binti. "An investigation of safety training, safety climate and safety outcomes : a longitudinal study in a Malaysian manufacturing plant." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-of-safety-training-safety-climate-and-safety-outcomes--a-longitudinal-study-in-a-malaysian-manufacturing-plant(904372e7-cd44-4eca-948c-b531adc9e653).html.

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Safety training and safety climate are widely researched topics in the area of safety management. Safety training, as one of the safety interventions, is believed to be an antecedent of safety climate improvement within organisations. The rapid advancement in the safety management field has also raised many questions, mainly regarding the roles of safety training and safety climate within organisations. Recent literature has viewed safety climate as a mediating variable between organisational policies and practices (such as safety training) and safety outcomes. Nevertheless, to date far too few attempts have been made to empirically study the impacts and influence of safety training on safety climate change and to subsequently improve safety outcomes over a period of time, especially in developing countries like Malaysia. To facilitate the expansion of current theoretical perspectives, the research attempts to improve our understanding of safety training's impact on achieving a positive safety culture (via safety climate changes), particularly with regard to improved safety outcomes over a period of time. A quantitative approach, using a longitudinal panel design, was employed for the purpose of data collection. The results were based on two data collections carried out in a Malaysian manufacturing plant in 2008 and 2009. The response rate was 83 percent (N=330) in Time 1, 2008 and 98 percent (N=402) in Time 2, 2009. The findings of this study revealed that there was a significant improvement in all safety training impact subscales indicating that employees' perceived their level of safety knowledge and skill transfer, safe work practices, and their understanding of safety and risk to all be higher in Time 2. The findings of this study also revealed significant improvements in the safety climate dimensions related to Management Attitude and Management Action, indicating that the management role has been viewed as crucial in improving and supporting employees' and organisations' safety. Over a period of time the positive correlation between safety training and safety climate became stronger with a significance difference of .005, where in Time 1, r=.740 and in Time 2, r=.745. This finding adds to the theoretical proposition that safety training is an antecedent to improving safety climate. Similarly, safety outcomes have significantly improved over a period of time and have a negative correlation with safety training and safety climate. Overall, the current study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of safety training impacts and its influence on safety climate, particularly with regard to the improvement of safety outcomes. However, this study has thrown up a number of questions that are in need of further investigation. The need for further research to investigate the effectiveness of specific safety training intervention with the addition of motivational factors, and its relation to safety climate over a period of time in various industries, remain crucial.

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Powell, Barry. "Habitus, organizations and community safety partnerships - supplying Safety for All?" Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.722593.

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Using a combination of ethnographic methods this research portrays the effects of Bourdieu's concept of habitus in Community Safety Partnership (CSP) work in an English unitary council. The foundation for the research lies in Hughes and Gilling’s (2004) research with CSP managers, which suggests that those who undertake such roles have an outlook on their work that follows a social welfare agenda. This contrasts with the managerial approach to welfare and crime that developed in the late 1970s. The originality of this work lies firstly, in its method of investigation - the author has been an active member of the partnership since 2002 - and interaction with those for whom community safety is a core activity (council CSP teams and the police) and those - like the author - who may be considered as lay members. Secondly, what was found contrasts with the organizational discordance found in other CSP research (Skinns, 2005 and 2006; Ellis et al, 2007) and in other similar partnership work (Burnett and Appleton, 2004; Hodgson, 2004). The partnership is successful Organizational constraints did not seem to override the social democratic habitus of both the core and lay members of the CSP. The spirit of CSP work is illustrated in a small unitary authority in a period that saw a shift from the discourse of New Public Management (NPM) to that of the Big Society. The latter two notions, while present as theory, did not seem evident in practice as what emerged was a CSP managing to deliver services in difficult political and economic circumstances especially in terms of domestic abuse.

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Dreany, Harry Hayes. "Safety Engineering of Computational Cognitive Architectures within Safety-Critical Systems." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10688677.

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This paper presents the integration of an intelligent decision support model (IDSM) with a cognitive architecture that controls an autonomous non-deterministic safety-critical system. The IDSM will integrate multi-criteria, decision-making tools via intelligent technologies such as expert systems, fuzzy logic, machine learning, and genetic algorithms.

Cognitive technology is currently simulated within safety-critical systems to highlight variables of interest, interface with intelligent technologies, and provide an environment that improves the system’s cognitive performance. In this study, the IDSM is being applied to an actual safety-critical system, an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) with embedded artificial intelligence (AI) software. The USV’s safety performance is being researched in a simulated and a real-world, maritime based environment. The objective is to build a dynamically changing model to evaluate a cognitive architecture’s ability to ensure safe performance of an intelligent safety-critical system. The IDSM does this by finding a set of key safety performance parameters that can be critiqued via safety measurements, mechanisms, and methodologies. The uniqueness of this research lies in bounding the decision-making associated with the cognitive architecture’s key safety parameters (KSPs). Other real-time applications (RTAs) that would benefit from advancing cognitive science associated with safety are unmanned platforms, transportation technologies, and service robotics. Results will provide cognitive science researchers with a reference for the safety engineering of artificially intelligent safety-critical systems.

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Stave, Christina. "Safety as a process : from risk perception to safety activity /." Göteborg : Production Systems, Department of Product and Production Development, Chalmers University of Technology, 2005. http://www.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/pdf/050914_Stave.pdf.

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Sadeq, Haytham. "Automated roundabout safety analysis : diagnosis and remedy of safety problems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44032.

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The safety of a transportation system is a serious concern for transportation agencies and analysts. In Canada, roughly 29% and 43% of fatalities and serious injury collisions, respectively, occur at intersections (Road Safety Directorate, 2007). There has been a growing interest in the construction of roundabouts to improve the safety performance and increase the traffic efficiency at regular intersections. As more roundabouts are installed throughout North America, there will be an increased need for a detailed analysis of their safety performance. Collision data used to evaluate the safety performance of roundabouts is considered a reactive and costly approach. Recently, the Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) has been used to improve and complement the collision-based safety diagnosis approach. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the use of an automated safety analysis tool, developed at the University of British Columbia (UBC), for the diagnosis of safety issues at roundabouts. Traffic conflicts occurring at a roundabout, located at UBC campus, are automatically identified and analyzed to develop an in-depth understanding of the behaviour of road users and the causes of traffic conflicts. The results from this detailed and low-cost approach are used to propose effective countermeasures to proactively improve the safety of roundabouts, and to ultimately reduce collisions. Based on these results, the following safety concerns have been determined; a confusion of the right-of-way between entering and circulating vehicles; inappropriate negotiation between circulating and exiting vehicles; higher risk of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at exit lanes than entry lanes and the accommodation of cyclists at mixed traffic roundabouts. Several countermeasures proposed to address these concerns are to add cross hatch markings, narrow down circulating lanes, modify central island markings, provide pedestrian crossing signs, and propose further education for drivers on using roundabouts and accommodating vulnerable road users. This thesis helps to demonstrate the effectiveness of the advanced safety tool in diagnosing safety, and proactively demonstrate safety issues at the roundabout.

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Norris, Beverley. "Expectations of safety : realising ergonomics and safety in product design." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11433/.

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This research considers the role of ergonomics in consumer safety. The aim was to encourage and improve the input of ergonomics, and thus safety, into the design process. The research has resulted in a series of publications targeted specifically at designers and producers of consumer goods, with the aim of encouraging their adoption of ergonomics principles, data and methods. These publications have been produced and distributed to industry by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Consumer Safety Unit: CHILDATA: The Handbook of Child Measurement and Capabilties - Data for Design Safety Designing Safety into Products: Making ergonomics evaluation a part of the design process (presented as an appendix to this thesis). The background to the research is a review of the influences on consumer safety, and the exploration of a role for ergonomics. European consumer legislation states that to be safe a product must meet the expectations of the user, hence the title of this thesis. This user-centred premise indicates the importance of product design and ergonomics in consumer safety, within the context of the other influences on safety such as safe-guarding, mitigation of accidents and education. Theoretically this places ergonomics as a central influence on safety. A review of the existing contributors to safety, such as governance, standards and education was undertaken and again design was found to be central. With the potential contribution of ergonomics to safety demonstrated, evidence of a formal relationship between ergonomics and the design process was sought from the literature. Despite many years of calls for improvements in the input of ergonomics to design, little evidence was found in the ergonomics literature of support or guidance for designers of consumer products on either of these aspects. Two main routes to improving this input of ergonomics to design were identified: the use of ergonomics data and guidelines, and the use of ergonomics evaluation methods. This research focuses on these two routes to product design safety with the hypothesis that these inputs could be improved, eventually allowing better design safety to be realised. The aims of the research were therefore to investigate and improve these inputs. The first stage of the research considered the use of ergonomics data and guidelines in design. The limitations of ergonomics data and the barriers to effective knowledge transfer were identified. Work was undertaken to address these problems, in the first instance specifically for designers of children's products. This resulted in the production of "Childata”, a handbook of ergonomics data on children, and its production and content are described. Four thousand copies of this handbook have been published and distributed free of charge to industry by the DTI. The success of Childata has resulted in sibling publications on adults (now published) and the elderly (in preparation). The next stage of the research was to consider the use of ergonomics evaluation methods by designers. A review of the literature on ergonomics methods and on guidance for their use found that there was a dearth of practical advice for designers. Also, that most guidance on evaluation methods concentrates on usability with very little reference specifically to safety. The feasibility of producing guidance for designers to encourage their use of evaluation was therefore considered. A series of four product safety evaluations were undertaken, presented here as case studies, and these form the major experimental part of the research. The aim of the case studies was to investigate the most useful and common methods for evaluating product safety and to generalise these into guidance for designers ,as well as producing formal reports and recommendations for improvements in the safety of the individual products. The products investigated were swimming pool covers, carbonated drinks bottles, all terrain bicycles and stepladders. The case studies showed however that a diversity of methods were needed to carry out the evaluations, many of which were novel methods or which drew on a mixture of ergonomics, technical and market research expertise T he only commonality found was in the sequence of stages that each evaluation followed, namely the identification of the products' users and hazards, the setting of performance criteria and selection of measurement variables, and the subsequent choice of methods. T he initial concept behind the fundamental research to producing prescriptive advice on methods was therefore rejected. Instead a framework for a generic evaluation process was developed, based on the findings from the case studies and with reference to the literature. This framework formed the basis of a guidance document for designers: ‘Designing Safety Into Products'. This was also published and distributed to industry by the DTI. The publication establishes and encourages a generic evaluation process, but also concentrates on embedding ergonomics principles into the design process by exploring the relationship between evaluation and safety and stressing the need to move past the use of ergonomics data, as well as providing methodological guidance. The research reported in this thesis has shown that the problems with the transfer of knowledge and methods from the ergonomics discipline are long standing. The reasons for this are discussed and recommendations are made to improve the link between design and ergonomics, including furthering this pragmatic approach to empowering designers by the production of similar design tools. The research programme has been a pragmatic approach to improving ergonomics and safety in design: improving the accessibility of ergonomics data for designers and promoting ergonomics evaluation methods during the product development process. The publications that have resulted from the research represent pragmatic steps which it is hoped may make some contribution to the realisation of safety.

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Masson, Lola. "Safety monitoring for autonomous systems : interactive elicitation of safety rules." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30220.

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Un moniteur de sécurité actif est un mécanisme indépendant qui est responsable de maintenir le système dans un état sûr, en cas de situation dangereuse. Il dispose d'observations (capteurs) et d'interventions (actionneurs). Des règles de sécurité sont synthétisées, à partir des résultats d'une analyse de risques, grâce à l'outil SMOF (Safety MOnitoring Framework), afin d'identifier quelles interventions appliquer quand une observation atteint une valeur dangereuse. Les règles de sécurité respectent une propriété de sécurité (le système reste das un état sûr) ainsi que des propriétés de permissivité, qui assurent que le système peut toujours effectuer ses tâches. Ce travail se concentre sur la résolution de cas où la synthèse échoue à retourner un ensemble de règles sûres et permissives. Pour assister l'utilisateur dans ces cas, trois nouvelles fonctionnalités sont introduites et développées. La première adresse le diagnostique des raisons pour lesquelles une règle échoue à respecter les exigences de permissivité. La deuxième suggère des interventions de sécurité candidates à injecter dans le processus de synthèse. La troisième permet l'adaptation des exigences de permissivités à un ensemble de tâches essentielles à préserver. L'utilisation des ces trois fonctionnalités est discutée et illustrée sur deux cas d'étude industriels, un robot industriel de KUKA et un robot de maintenance de Sterela
An active safety monitor is an independent mechanism that is responsible for keeping the system in a safe state, should a hazardous situation occur. Is has observations (sensors) and interventions (actuators). Safety rules are synthesized from the results of the hazard analysis, using the tool SMOF (Safety MOnitoring Framework), in order to identify which interventions to apply for dangerous observations values. The safety rules enforce a safety property (the system remains in a safe state) and some permissiveness properties, ensuring that the system can still perform its tasks. This work focuses on solving cases where the synthesis fails to return a set of safe and permissive rules. To assist the user in these cases, three new features are introduced and developed. The first one addresses the diagnosis of why the rules fail to fulfill a permissiveness requirement. The second one suggests candidate safety interventions to inject into the synthesis process. The third one allows the tuning of the permissiveness requirements based on a set of essential functionalities to maintain. The use of these features is discussed and illustrated on two industrial case studies, a manufacturing robot from KUKA and a maintenance robot from Sterela

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Mills, Troy Ricardo. "The effects of a safety climate on safety decision-making." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1447479.

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Aslansefat, K., Sohag Kabir, Amr R. A. Abdullatif, Vinod Vasudevan, and Y. Papadopoulos. "Toward Improving Confidence in Autonomous Vehicle Software: A Study on Traffic Sign Recognition Systems." IEEE, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18591.

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Yes
This article proposes an approach named SafeML II, which applies empirical cumulative distribution function-based statistical distance measures in a designed human-in-the loop procedure to ensure the safety of machine learning-based classifiers in autonomous vehicle software. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven decision-making systems in autonomous vehicles is growing rapidly. As autonomous vehicles operate in dynamic environments, the risk that they can face an unknown observation is relatively high due to insufficient training data, distributional shift, or cyber-security attack. Thus, AI-based algorithms should make dependable decisions to improve their interpretation of the environment, lower the risk of autonomous driving, and avoid catastrophic accidents. This paper proposes an approach named SafeML II, which applies empirical cumulative distribution function (ECDF)-based statistical distance measures in a designed human-in-the-loop procedure to ensure the safety of machine learning-based classifiers in autonomous vehicle software. The approach is model-agnostic and it can cover various machine learning and deep learning classifiers. The German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB) is used to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed approach.
This work was supported by the Secure and Safe MultiRobot Systems (SESAME) H2020 Project under Grant Agreement 101017258.

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Simpson, Andrew C. "Safety through security." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a690347-46af-42a4-91fe-170e492a9dd1.

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In this thesis, we investigate the applicability of the process algebraic formal method Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) [Hoa85] to the development and analysis of safetycritical systems. We also investigate how these tasks might be aided by mechanical verification, which is provided in the form of the proof tool Failures-Divergences Refinement (FDR) [Ros94]. Initially, we build upon the work of [RWW94, Ros95], in which CSP treatments of the security property of non-interference are described. We use one such formulation to define a property called protection, which unifies our views of safety and security. As well as applying protection to the analysis of safety-critical systems, we develop a proof system for this property, which in conjunction with the opportunity for automated analysis provided by FDR, enables us to apply the approach to problems of a sizable complexity. We then describe how FDR can be applied to the analysis of mutual exclusion, which is a specific form of non-interference. We investigate a number of well-known solutions to the problem, and illustrate how such mutual exclusion algorithms can be interpreted as CSP processes and verified with FDR. Furthermore, we develop a means of verifying the faulttolerance of such algorithms in terms of protection. In turn, mutual exclusion is used to describe safety properties of geographic data associated with Solid State Interlocking (SSI) railway signalling systems. We show how FDR can be used to describe these properties and model interlocking databases. The CSP approach to compositionality allows us to decompose such models, thus reducing the complexity of analysing safety invariants of SSI geographic data. As such, we describe how the mechanical verification of Solid State Interlocking geographic data, which was previously considered to be an intractable problem for the current generation of mechanical verification tools, is computationally feasible using FDR. Thus, the goals of this thesis are twofold. The first goal is to establish a formal encapsulation of a theory of safety-critical systems based upon the relationship which exists between safety and security. The second goal is to establish that CSP, together with FDR, can be applied to the modelling of Solid State Interlocking geographic databases. Furthermore, we shall attempt to demonstrate that such modelling can scale up to large-scale systems.

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Давиденко, Алла Олександрівна. "AVIATION FLIGHT SAFETY." Thesis, АВІА–2015: м-ли ХІІ міжнар. наук.-техн. конф., 29–30 травня 2015 р. – К., 2015. – К., 2015. – С. 9.187-190, 2015. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/15479.

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The article deals with issues concerning aviation flight safety. We know that air transport will continue to grow, it has a good relative safety record but pulbic perception focuses on total accidents rather than relative safety. This has led to the setting of ambitious new safety targets for air transport whose attainment will require improved knowledge of causes of accidents and better understanding of the effects of new technologies and procedures, Human factors and operational environments are key elements while aircraft design construction and maintenance, together with ATC operations and accident mitigation, also play important roles.

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Persson, Kristian, and Max Renberg. "Ambulance Safety: MADDE." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42610.

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Safety, a word that can be linked and interpreted in many different ways. Personal safety, that you should feel safe in your everyday life depending on your surroundings. IT security, to protect a persons or organization's valuable assets such as information. Flight safety, the safety of flying in its various kinds. There are safety issues in almost every area you look at, but this project that you will read about in this report is about traffic safety, more specifically, the safety of working in the back of an ambulance. Imagine working as an ambulance paramedic. You and your colleague have just picked up a “Prio 1” (most critical degree), classified patient who needs urgent care. You are sitting in the back of the ambulance and will take care of the patient while your colleague is driving the car. The situation is so critical that your colleague needs to drive as quickly as possible to get to the hospital in time. Thus, you must sit tight with a seat belt in order not to risk your own safety during the ride. Around you, there are a number of components you need to care of for the patient. You cannot reach these components because of the belt that clings to the chair. What are you going to do? Do you unbutton your belt to reach the components, but risk your own safety while driving? Or do you wear the belt incorrectly, so that you use the belt, but only over the hips (for example), so that you can reach the tools? Both of these alternatives are how the majority of ambulance paramedics use the seatbelt today to be able to do their job. Either you unbutton and release yourself completely from the belt or you use it, but incorrectly to reach everything the person in question needs in the ambulance. Both actions have resulted in a big amount of injuries to the caregivers and the numbers continues to increase continuously. This project is about just that. A solution to the problem of the working environment in the back of ambulances. Further in this report you will read about how two students at Halmstad University encountered the problem, but first and foremost how they solved it.
Säkerhet, ett ord som kan kopplas och tolkas på många olika sätt. Personlig säkerhet, att man ska känna sig trygg i sin vardag beroende på omgivning. IT-säkerhet, att skydda en persons eller en organisations värdefulla tillgångar som exempelvis information. Flygsäkerhet, säkerheten vid flygning av dess olika slag. Det finns säkerhetsfrågor inom nästan varje område, men arbetet som du kommer få läsa om i denna rapport handlar om trafiksäkerhet, mer specifikt, säkerheten vid arbete bak i en ambulans. Föreställ dig att du arbetar som ambulanssjukvårdare. Du och din kollega har precis plockat upp en “Prio 1” (mest akuta graden), klassad patient som behöver akut vård. Du sitter bak i ambulansen och ska vårda patienten medan din kollega kör bilen. Läget är så kritiskt att din kollega behöver köra så snabbt som möjligt för att hinna till sjukhuset i tid. Därmed måste du sitta fastspänd med bilbälte för att inte riskera din egen säkerhet under körningen. Runtomkring dig finns det ett antal komponenter du behöver för att vårda patienten. Du når inte dessa produkter på grund av bältet som håller fast dig i sätet. Vad gör du? Knäpper du loss bältet för att kunna nå komponenterna, men riskerar din egen säkerhet under bilfärden? Eller tar du på dig bältet på ett inkorrekt sätt, så du sitter bältad, men bara över höfterna (exempelvis), så att du kan nå verktygen? Båda alternativen är hur majoriteten av ambulanssjukvårdare går till väga idag för att kunna utföra sitt jobb. Antingen knäpper man loss och frigör sig helt från bältet eller så använder man det, fast på ett inkorrekt sätt för att kunna nå allt personen i fråga behöver i ambulansen. Båda handlingarna har lett till flertalet skador på vårdarna och antalet fortsätter öka kontinuerligt. Arbetet handlar just om detta. En lösning på problemet med arbetsmiljön bak i ambulanser. Vidare i denna rapport kommer du få läsa om hur två studenter vid Högskolan i Halmstad kom i kontakt med problemet, men framförallt hur de fann en lösning till det.

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Gustav, Scherrer. "Enhanced Avalanche Safety." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-135715.

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Friåkning, att jaga orörd pudersnö utanför skidområdets gränser, är en extremsport förknippad med många risker. Laviner är en av dem. Intresset för friåkning ökar ständigt vilket leder till fler som är exponerade för fara och stigande olyckssiffror. Lavinrisken beror på många faktorer; till exempel väder, terräng och väderstreck medan grupptryck och kommunikationssvårigheter påverkar skidåkarens beslutsfattande negativt. Mitt mål var att hjälpa skidåkaren förstå riskerna medan den åker skidor för att undvika lavinolyckor. Genom en enketundersökning och intervjuer med experter på området samt fokusgrupp har jag lokaliserat de största problemen vilka har blivit grundpelarna i mitt slutgiltiga koncept. Resultatet är Avoid. En tjänst som skickar notiser till skidåkaren, i realtid, om vilka risker den är utsatt för baserat på skidåkarens GPS-position, lavinprognosen och terrängdata. Genom påminnelser om planering och säkerhetsutrustning, ett adderat riskfilter på kartan, kommunikationshjälpmedel och riskinformation blir det lättare för skidåkaren att fatta kloka beslut och välja säkrare alternativ.

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Kingdon, Lorraine. "Food Safety Concerns." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295732.

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Campbell, Baili Denise. "Fall Safety Bundle." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2797.

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The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) report thousands of falls in hospitals each year. The CMS does not reimburse hospitals for fall related injuries, costing the hospital system organization for which this DNP project was designed millions of dollars each year. Framed within the Iowa model of evidence-based practice and using a team approach, the purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based (EB) fall safety bundle for use by nursing staff and a curriculum to educate staff on prevention strategies. The components of the EB fall bundle kit were approved by the stakeholder committee. Evaluation of the curriculum and the pretest/posttest items was completed by three content experts. The curriculum was evaluated related to the objectives using a 'met' (2) and a 'not met' (1) response. All responses were 'met' for an average score of 2 showing the content met the objectives. Validation of the pretest/post items was conducted using a 10-item, Likert scale, ranging from 1- 'is not relevant' to 4- 'is highly relevant'. The content validation index was 1.0, showing that the test items met the objectives and content of the course. Recommendations included providing a consistent methodology to disseminate the fall safety bundle and educational curriculum across the entire healthcare system as well as adding the fall safety bundle tool kit to the hospital's intranet page for ease of access for all staff. Social change will be achieved by facilitating prevention of fall related injuries and avoiding the financial impact on the facility.

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Hsu, Yueh-Ling. "Airline Safety Management: The development of a proactive safety mechanism model for the evolution of safety management system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4638.

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The systemic origins of many accidents have led to heightened interest in the way in which organisations identify and manage risks within the airline industry. The activities which are thought to represent the term "organisational accident", "safety culture" and "proactive approach" are documented and seek to explain the fact that airlines differ in their willingness and ability to conduct safety management. However, an important but yet relatively undefined task in the airline industry is to conceptualise the safety mechanism in proactive safety, and its influential factors. What is required is a model of a proactive safety mechanism which builds upon existing knowledge of what is thought to contribute to safety by adding an increased knowledge of the organisational factors. These factors not only serve to influence the safety mechanism, but also serve to be the predictors of the performance of safety management system. This thesis aims to fill that gap. It firstly conducts an overview of the current airline safety management system literature and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the current system. Given the need to explore the important but undefined field, a proactive safety mechanism model is then developed and tested to identify the organisational factors which exert an influence upon the safety mechanism. Four hypotheses were set out to be tested in an attempt to justify the multi-dimensional and complex nature of the safety mechanism model. The model is then tested by applying it to a past accident (case study) and a survey of opinions with questionnaire. The results of this research work show that the safety mechanism model is a model of the evolution of safety management system in the context of proactive safety management. Further study can apply the proposed model to the re-organisation of an airline safety management system and evaluate the impact upon the company's system. It leads to the suggestion that an airline's safety health and performance needs the co-ordination of both retroactive and proactive safety management, and concludes that the ultimate contribution of this research is to provide airlines with reliable data, applicable references and a practicable methodology to enable their safety management system to evolve at a fundamentally "genetic" level.

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Mahsoon, Alaa. "The Relationships Among Systems Thinking, Safety Culture, Safety Competency and Safety Performance of Registered Nurses in Saudi Arabia." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1565193017213961.

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Knapp, Sabine. "The econometrics of maritime safety recommendations to enhance safety at sea /." [Rotterdam] : Rotterdam : Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus University Rotterdam ; Erasmus University [Host], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/7913.

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Johansson, Henrik. "Decision analysis in fire safety engineering : analysing investments in fire safety /." Lund : Univ, 2003. http://www.brand.lth.se/bibl/1027.pdf.

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Zhou, Jun. "Determination of Safety/Environmental Integrity Level for Subsea Safety Instrumented Systems." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produksjons- og kvalitetsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23119.

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The master thesis describes, compares current methods in the literature, and proposes new methods for determination of safety/environmental integrity level of safety instrumented systems (SISs). These systems are used widely in many industry sectors to detect the onset of hazardous events and mitigate the consequences to humans, the environment and material assets. The main objective of this thesis has been to investigate the risk based approaches for determination of safety /environmental integrity level of SISs. The focus of the thesis is the risk graph and layer of protection analysis approach for subsea applications where the failure of such systems could lead to significant environmental consequences. The thesis builds on concepts, methods and definitions adopted in two main standards for SIS applications: IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The proposals of new methods are inspired by these two standards and other relevant literature found during the master thesis project. The main contributions of this thesis are:1.Discussion on current environmental risk acceptance criteria used on Norwegian Continental Shelf and proposal of new environmental risk acceptance criteria based on release volume for subsea SISs applications where the consequences of hazardous events include environmental damages.2.A modified risk graph approach suited for SIL/EIL determinations for subsea SISs. This approach is demonstrated and tested in a case study.3.Detailed discussion on the effect of common cause failures between the designated SIS and the existing protection layers during SIL/EIL determination. A framework for determining SIL/EIL considering such CCFs is developed. This framework includes CCFs quantification in two phases: SIL determination phase and SIL realization phase. A checklist is developed for CCFs quantification in the early phase.

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Jones, Ceri. "Assessing safety culture and safety performance in a high hazard industry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30956/.

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In the UK 27 million working days are lost due to work-related illness or injury; at an estimate of £13.4 billion to the economy. Over the last 30 years researchers have examined safety culture and its relationship to poor safety performance. An organisation in the high hazard construction industry wanted to understand the factors that shaped and influenced safety performance and safety culture. This thesis details a research project which addresses that aim. A multi-method, triangulated approach was adopted combining both qualitative (focus groups and interviews) and quantitative (safety climate questionnaire) methods. The results of the qualitative studies informed the development of the safety climate questionnaire that included a measure of self-reported accidents and near misses. The qualitative studies identified 6 main themes; Communication, Leadership, Employee Engagement & Involvement, Safety Prioritisation, Job Demands and Culture. Quantitative study results show, Upward Communication, Perceived Organisational Support (POS), Employee Engagement. Leader Member Exchange (LMX) and Organisational Commitment demonstrate a significant relationship with Safety Climate. Safety Climate, POS had a Significant, positive, predictive relationship with both accidents and near misses reported. Upward communication had a significant negative, predictive relationship with accidents and near misses. LMX and Organisational Commitment show a Significant, negative, predictive relationship with accidents reported only. Results can be explained in the context of social exchange relationships. Reporting behaviour is being measured, this can be conceptualised as organisational safety citizenship behaviour. The probability of increasing or reducing reporting behaviours is shaped by social exchanges such as; a) the degree that employees feel supported by the organisation, b) and their manager, c) the safety climate, d) their commitment levels e) and opportunities to raise safety concerns. Interventions should aim to develop leaders and organisational practices to be more supportive, to increase reporting behaviour and to create a more accurate picture of safety performance.

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Silva, Cesar Alberto. "Safety approach for interiors aviation engineering : design for cabin safety method /." Guaratinguetá, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192783.

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Orientador: Mauro Hugo Mathias
Resumo: Este trabalho traz para a indústria aeronáutica e para a academia um método para aumentar a aderência de requisitos de segurança de cabine ao produto final da engenharia de interiores de aviões, melhorando a qualidade técnica das soluções e reduzindo ciclos de desenvolvimento para novas configurações de interiores para aviões de transporte de passageiros. A pesquisa analisa os requisitos de aeronavegabilidade de interiores aplicáveis à segurança da cabine, os aspectos de ergonomia envolvidos no design de interiores e a origem da tecnologia de segurança de cabine. É discutido um aspecto de design conhecido como usabilidade e explica por que esse conceito é relevante para o projeto cabines de avião. Também são discutidos fatores humanos, erros humanos na segurança da cabine e conceitos relevantes que projetistas precisam considerar para projetos em segurança de cabine. Considerando os aspectos acima mencionados foi desenvolvido, descrito e aplicado um método denominado Design for Cabin Safety. O método que através de específicos passos objetiva aumentar a aderência de requisitos de aeronavegabilidade aplicáveis à segurança de cabine para projeto de interiores de aviões. Subsequente ao seu desenvolvimento o método foi aplicado em testes práticos em aeronaves reais e com diferentes usuários atestando sua praticidade. Desta forma a hipótese da tese foi explicada e a principal pergunta da tese foi respondida. A pesquisa termina com resultados, discussões e conclusão sobre o desenvo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Andersson, Robin, and Robert Timalm. "Development and simulation of a safety bracket for a safety system." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Industriell produktutveckling, produktion och design, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49324.

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This thesis report aims to help the client developing their new product. The new product to be developed is a safety bracket for a safety system. The safety bracket connects different parts which create the safety system and it should be able to withstand impacts from moving objects. The client has a set of requirements that needs to be addressed during the product development process. One of the most important requirements that must be fulfilled is the given impact energy that the safety bracket must withstand. The methodology used during this thesis work is the product development processes (PDP). The product development process is used to find concepts that have the potential to answer the research questions and to fulfil the requirements. Some methods used in the product development process are brainstorming, brainwriting and combining working principles. The concepts were evaluated with a combination of Pugh´s matrix and weighting matrix. The three best concepts were selected for further development and tested with FEA simulation with Abaqus CAE. The impact simulation gave indications if the concepts could handle the impact energy and if they could fulfil the requirements. All three concepts could withstand the impact energy based on the simulations and most of the requirements could be fulfilled. The concepts with thinner profile walls had a reduction in stress and an increase in impact duration, where the kinetic energy is distributed throughout the impact. A protective shell helps with the reduction of stress and the energy absorption during the impact simulation.

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Roberts, David Stevens. "Development and evaluation of a safety culture survey for occupational safety." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-155408/.

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Habibzadeh, Zahra Haji. "The influence of safety measures on workers' safety perception and behavior." Phd thesis, Faculty of Medicine, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10594.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Safety'

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