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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Safety of a production node'
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1
Plachý, Štěpán. "Bezpečnost vybraného výrobního uzlu automatizované linky pro výrobu automobilových karosérií." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443212.
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This master’s thesis deals with the safety of a selected production node of an automated body production line. The first part is focused on a recherche of relevant directives by the Council and the European parliament. Follows a systems analysis of a solving issue and description of the production line. In the next part of the thesis, there is an accomplished analysis of harmonized standards in the safety of the production line. Furthermore, there is made hazard identification, risk estimation and risk assessment. The last part of the thesis is focused on a variants creation of safety of a workplace, technical-economic consideration of variants and computations for a final variant of the workplace.
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Snowball, Jeanette D. "Festival fringe production and the long tail." Economic Research Southern Africa (ERSA), 2016. http://www.econrsa.org/node/1170.
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Publisher versionIn the past 15 years, there has been a worldwide proliferation of arts festivals, including so-called "fringe" festivals, which encouraged more experimental and avant-garde productions. While fringe festival productions had the potential to generate significant income for producers, their aims were primarily related to artistic innovation and it is well known that putting on a fringe show is highly unlikely to provide financial gain for most producers. This is what is referred to in statistics and marketing as a "long tail" distribution, in which a minority of producers in a particular market earn the vast majority of industry income. However, for individual producers of live theatre, such a distribution represents high risks and potentially large financial losses. This article uses producer data from two different fringe festivals in South Africa to explore determinants of ticket sales and box-office income. Included in the analysis is a consideration of the impact of genre and pricing strategies on the probability (Logit model) of shows being in the top 10%, 30% and 50% of best-selling and earning productions. Results support the long tail hypothesis.
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Beatriz, Ricardo Filipe Martins. "Safety function analysis in an industrial production process." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8075.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialAim: The purpose of this work was to identify and assess safety features on a production line of paper manufacturer called Renova. The assessment includes technical as well as organisational factors. The study was carried out through the evaluation of safety functions (SF), either present or absent in the system analyzed. Methods: The methodology applied was the SFA (Safety Function Analysis), which was developed by Harms-Ringdahl in 2001 and was updated further, in 2011 (draft version). The analytical framework was applied in two processes (raw material loading and transversal cut of log) of a production line (Line H4) of Renova. Results: In the first process analyzed (raw material loading), 47 safety functions (SF) were identified and evaluated, whereas 36 SF were assessed in the second case (transversal cut of log). The evaluation has shown that most of the SF considered are in good condition and being well monitored, therefore they do not need any improvements. In contrast, this work has also identified a number of safety functions that need essential improvements. Conclusions: As a consequence of this SFA analysis, the author proposes a number of specific recommendations to improve safety and the system’s performance in general. Since Renova is a manufacturer of paper products, fire safety is of paramount importance and one of the most relevant recommendations is perhaps the implementation of thermo graphic tests to identify possible hot spots that may originate a fire.
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Mirabella, Edoardo. "Electroweak contributions to SUSY particle production processes at the LHC." kostenfrei, 2009. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/node?id=796820.
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Jones, Richard Hugh. "A study of safety and production problems and safety strategies associated with industrial robot systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38059.
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Willems, Sean Peter. "Strategic safety stock placement in integrated production/distribution systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11037.
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Darwish, Amina M. "Safety and Health Protection Plan for Carbon Nanofiber Production." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1182791904.
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Delpivo, Camilla <1985>. "Safety by design: production of engineering surface modified nanomaterials." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6969/.
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This PhD thesis focused on nanomaterial (NM) engineering for occupational health and safety, in the frame of the EU project “Safe Nano Worker Exposure Scenarios (SANOWORK)”. Following a safety by design approach, surface engineering (surface coating, purification process, colloidal force control, wet milling, film coating deposition and granulation) were proposed as risk remediation strategies (RRS) to decrease toxicity and emission potential of NMs within real processing lines.
In the first case investigated, the PlasmaChem ZrO2 manufacturing, the colloidal force control applied to the washing of synthesis rector, allowed to reduce ZrO2 contamination in wastewater, performing an efficient recycling procedure of ZrO2 recovered.
Furthermore, ZrO2 NM was investigated in the ceramic process owned by CNR-ISTEC and GEA-Niro; the spray drying and freeze drying techniques were employed decreasing NM emissivity, but maintaining a reactive surface in dried NM.
Considering the handling operation of nanofibers (NFs) obtained through Elmarco electrospinning procedure, the film coating deposition was applied on polyamide non-woven to avoid free fiber release. For TiO2 NF the wet milling was applied to reduce and homogenize the aspect ratio, leading to a significant mitigation of fiber toxicity.
In the Colorobbia spray coating line, Ag and TiO2 nanosols, employed to transfer respectively antibacterial or depolluting properties to different substrates, were investigated. Ag was subjected to surface coating and purification, decreasing NM toxicity. TiO2 was modified by surface coating, spray drying and blending with colloidal SiO2, improving its technological performance.
In the extrusion of polymeric matrix charged with carbon nanotube (CNTs) owned by Leitat, the CNTs used as filler were granulated by spray drying and freeze spray drying techniques, allowing to reduce their exposure potential.
Engineered NMs tested by biologists were further investigated in relevant biological conditions, to improve the knowledge of structure/toxicity mechanisms and obtain new insights for the design of safest NMs.
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Sharma, Davinder Kumar. "Toxin production by Clostridium botulinum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301991.
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The endopeptidase activity assay developed for measurement of purified botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) in clinical therapeutic preparations has been adopted to provide a specific measure of BoNT/A activity in culture supernatants of proteolytic C. botulinum type A. Electrophoretic studies and inhibition of BoNT/A activity by anti-A antibody confirmed the specificity of the assay. The minimum detection limit was 0.2 MLD50/ml indicating the assay as more sensitive than the standard mouse bioassay or any other in vitro assay available to date. Whilst the assay did not exhibit any cross reactions with non-proteolytic (saccharolytic) clostridia, proteolytic C. botulinum types B and F and C. sporogenes showed some cross reactions. The endopeptidase assay was used to investigate physiological aspects of BoNT/A production by proteolytic C. botulinum type A strain NCTC 7272. Growth studies at 15°C, 25°C and 37°C with strain NCTC 7272 demonstrated that the first appearance of BoNT/A (0.1-1.0 MLD50 ml) occurred during mid-late exponential or early stationary phase of growth. Extracellular BoNT/A formation was not proportional to viable count. Slightly more BoNT/A was detected at 25°C than 37° or 15°C. The results of BoNT/A formation by one of the growth curves at 25°C measured by the endopeptidase assay and mouse bioassays were very similar confirming the specificity of the assay. A simple method was developed to lyre the cells so that BoNT/A formation could be subsequently measured in the endopeptidase assay. The data obtained following lysis of cells and measurement of intracellular BoNT/A showed that both intracellular BoNT/A and total BoNT/A formation is not constitutive but are more closely proportional to viable count than extracellular BoNT/A. Release of BoNT/A from cells was not associated with autolysis. The conversion of BoNT/A from the single-chain to dichain form during growth has been measured. The use of the endopeptidase assay has been also exploited to study BoNT/A formation by this strain within the population of cells. There was only a four-fold difference in BoNT/A production by cells of strain NCTC 7272, and further work in this area is warranted. Attempts were made to use MAPs for the production of monoclonal antibodies to SNAP-25 following cleavage by BoNT/E. Whilst the outcome was unsuccessful, the soundness of the principle was demonstrated
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Persson, Kristian, and Max Renberg. "Ambulance Safety: MADDE." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42610.
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Safety, a word that can be linked and interpreted in many different ways. Personal safety, that you should feel safe in your everyday life depending on your surroundings. IT security, to protect a persons or organization's valuable assets such as information. Flight safety, the safety of flying in its various kinds. There are safety issues in almost every area you look at, but this project that you will read about in this report is about traffic safety, more specifically, the safety of working in the back of an ambulance. Imagine working as an ambulance paramedic. You and your colleague have just picked up a “Prio 1” (most critical degree), classified patient who needs urgent care. You are sitting in the back of the ambulance and will take care of the patient while your colleague is driving the car. The situation is so critical that your colleague needs to drive as quickly as possible to get to the hospital in time. Thus, you must sit tight with a seat belt in order not to risk your own safety during the ride. Around you, there are a number of components you need to care of for the patient. You cannot reach these components because of the belt that clings to the chair. What are you going to do? Do you unbutton your belt to reach the components, but risk your own safety while driving? Or do you wear the belt incorrectly, so that you use the belt, but only over the hips (for example), so that you can reach the tools? Both of these alternatives are how the majority of ambulance paramedics use the seatbelt today to be able to do their job. Either you unbutton and release yourself completely from the belt or you use it, but incorrectly to reach everything the person in question needs in the ambulance. Both actions have resulted in a big amount of injuries to the caregivers and the numbers continues to increase continuously. This project is about just that. A solution to the problem of the working environment in the back of ambulances. Further in this report you will read about how two students at Halmstad University encountered the problem, but first and foremost how they solved it.Säkerhet, ett ord som kan kopplas och tolkas på många olika sätt. Personlig säkerhet, att man ska känna sig trygg i sin vardag beroende på omgivning. IT-säkerhet, att skydda en persons eller en organisations värdefulla tillgångar som exempelvis information. Flygsäkerhet, säkerheten vid flygning av dess olika slag. Det finns säkerhetsfrågor inom nästan varje område, men arbetet som du kommer få läsa om i denna rapport handlar om trafiksäkerhet, mer specifikt, säkerheten vid arbete bak i en ambulans. Föreställ dig att du arbetar som ambulanssjukvårdare. Du och din kollega har precis plockat upp en “Prio 1” (mest akuta graden), klassad patient som behöver akut vård. Du sitter bak i ambulansen och ska vårda patienten medan din kollega kör bilen. Läget är så kritiskt att din kollega behöver köra så snabbt som möjligt för att hinna till sjukhuset i tid. Därmed måste du sitta fastspänd med bilbälte för att inte riskera din egen säkerhet under körningen. Runtomkring dig finns det ett antal komponenter du behöver för att vårda patienten. Du når inte dessa produkter på grund av bältet som håller fast dig i sätet. Vad gör du? Knäpper du loss bältet för att kunna nå komponenterna, men riskerar din egen säkerhet under bilfärden? Eller tar du på dig bältet på ett inkorrekt sätt, så du sitter bältad, men bara över höfterna (exempelvis), så att du kan nå verktygen? Båda alternativen är hur majoriteten av ambulanssjukvårdare går till väga idag för att kunna utföra sitt jobb. Antingen knäpper man loss och frigör sig helt från bältet eller så använder man det, fast på ett inkorrekt sätt för att kunna nå allt personen i fråga behöver i ambulansen. Båda handlingarna har lett till flertalet skador på vårdarna och antalet fortsätter öka kontinuerligt. Arbetet handlar just om detta. En lösning på problemet med arbetsmiljön bak i ambulanser. Vidare i denna rapport kommer du få läsa om hur två studenter vid Högskolan i Halmstad kom i kontakt med problemet, men framförallt hur de fann en lösning till det.
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Patchanee, Prapas. "Epidemiology Of Salmonella Enterica Related To Swine Production System And Food Safety." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1226946581.
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Deary, David Sean. "Sources of Organizational Resilience: Sustaining Production and Safety in a Transportation Firm." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437526565.
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Koukoulaki, Theoni. "Production optimisation systems and consequences for workers' health and safety : lean production and effects on stress and musculoskeletal disorders." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/15743.
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This thesis investigates production optimisation systems such as lean production and their consequences for the health and safety of workers. In particular it examines potential positive effects and adverse effects on stress and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The thesis com-prises an extended literature survey and a field study in the manufacturing and the services sector applying lean production. It provides an extensive review of studies carried out in lean production environments in the last 20 years that aims to identify the effects of lean production (negative or positive) on occupational health and related risk factors. Thirty-six studies of lean effects were accepted from the literature search and sorted by sector and type of outcome. Lean production was found to have a negative effect on health and risk factors; the most negative outcomes being found in the earliest studies in the automotive industry. However, examples of mixed and positive effects were also found in the literature. The strongest correlations of lean production with stress were found for characteristics found in Just-In-Time production that related to reduced cycle time and reduction of resources. In-creased musculoskeletal risk symptoms were related to increases of work pace and lack of recovery time also found in Just-In-Time systems. An interaction model is developed to pro-pose a pathway from lean production characteristics to musculoskeletal and psychosocial risk factors and also positive outcomes. An examination is also made of the changing focus of studies investigating the consequences of lean production over a 20-year period. Theories about the effects of lean production have evolved from a conceptualization that it is an inherently harmful management system, to a view that it can have mixed effects depending on the management style of the organization and the specific way it is implemented. The field study was carried out in lean environments in the manufacturing and services sec-tors, namely in the electronics, beverage, and metal industry and call centres in Greece and UK. For the psychosocial factors and recording of MSD symptoms; self reported questionnaires were administrated to the workers. In total 353 workers responded to the questionnaires. Additionally qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with managers and lean officials, safety officers and workers in the sample. Finally, observation visits in the companies completed the data collection process. The lean implementation level of the companies was estimated on a five-point scale, according to a validated model (Conti et al, 2006). A follow up study to collect qualitative data was possible in one company in the sample. The research hypotheses of the field study tested the relationship between job stress and MSDs with quantitative job demands, job control, performance monitoring, and the level of lean implementation. The hypotheses were partly supported in both sectors: In the service sector findings confirm that quantitative job demands are predictors of job stress, consistent with similar studies in call centres. Stress is strongly asso-ciated with MSD development. In the manufacturing sector, quantitative job demands were not predictors of job stress, neither of MSDs. Positive challenges were a mediator of job stress. Stress was not a predictor for MSDs symptoms. Mechanical exposure increased after lean implementation in manufacturing although the opposite was aimed at. Consultation of workers on lean characteristics was another mediator to MSD development. A comparison was made between manufacturing and the services sectors. Differences be-tween sectors in job demands -with the exception of learning demands that are higher in manufacturing- were not significant. Predictability on the other hand was higher in call centres. Employees in the call centres reported statistically significant more frequent MSD symptoms compared to workers in manufacturing. Stress differences were not significant among sectors whereas job satisfaction was significantly higher in manufacturing. This can partly be explained by the positive social context, job security and management commitment to have no lay offs due to lean application; that workers enjoyed in the manufacturing companies of the sample. This was not the case in the call centres. In conclusion it was not the stressors that were higher in the call centres sample but a significant number of job support and control characteristics that were reported as being higher in the manufacturing sample of the study. Analysis of the relationship between job characteristics, stress and leanness revealed a high degree of non-linearity. The best fit was achieved with quadratic curves. At low levels of lean implementation stress was increasing. At a middle level of implementation stress reached a peak after which, with advanced implementation, it decreased. This is consistent with earlier study findings. The study demonstrates that it is not so much the level of lean implementation that is important for the health & safety effects but the lean characteristics that are employed. Characteristics linked to JIT can be critical and can be associated with increased job demands and for some cases increased stress and MSD symptoms. Moreover it is the social context (management mentality and actual workers participation) in lean application that is crucial for the implications of lean work to health. Further research is needed to compare lean effects between sectors including also other services. Finally, more research is needed on alternatives to intensive systems that would have better consequences for the health & safety of workers. Ergonomics has an obligation to pro-pose work redesign that aims at sustainability for all parties.
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Hartley, Daniel. "Effects of work stoppages at selected steel mills on production and safety systems." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1906.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xxxviii, 330 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 327-330).
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Karalli, Serge Michael. "THE MULTI-FAMILY ECONOMIC LOT SCHEDULING PROBLEM WITH SAFETY STOCKS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1094323177.
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Alkadri, Dima <1979>. "Fusarium species responsible for mycotoxin production in wheat crop: involvement in food safety." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4884/.
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Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is a worldwide cereal disease responsible of significant yield reduction, inferior grain quality, and mycotoxin accumulation. Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum are the prevalent causal agents. FHB has been endemic in Italy since 1995, while there are no records about its presence in Syria. Forty-eight and forty-six wheat kernel samples were collected from different localities and analyzed for fungal presence and mycotoxin contamination. Fusarium strains were identified morphologically but the molecular confirmation was performed only for some species. Further differentiation of the chemotypes for trichothecene synthesis by F. graminearum and F. culmorum strains was conducted by PCR assays. Fusarium spp. were present in 62.5% of Syrian samples. 3Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol and nivalenol chemotypes were found in F. culmorum whilst all F. graminearum strains belonged to NIV chemotype. Italian samples were infected with Fusarium spp for 67.4%. 15Ac-DON was the prevalent chemotype in F. graminearum, while 3Ac-DON chemotype was detected in F. culmorum. The 60 Syrian Fusarium strains tested for mycotoxin production by HPLC-MS/MS have shown the prevalence of zearalenone while the emerging mycotoxins were almost absent. The analysis of the different Syrian and Italian samples of wheat kernels for their mycotoxin content showed that Syrian kernels were mainly contaminated with storage mycotoxins, aflatoxins and ochratoxin whilst Italian grains with mainly Fusarium mycotoxins. The aggressiveness of several Syrian F. culmorum isolates was estimated using three different assays: floret inoculation in growth chamber, ear inoculation in the field and a validated new Petri-dish test. The study of the behaviour of different Syrian wheat cultivars, grown under different conditions, has revealed that Jory is a FHB Syrian tolerant cultivar. This is the first study in Syria on Fusarium spp. associated to FHB, Fusarium mycotoxin producers and grain quality.
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Mavromatis, Panos. "Food safety and histamine : production, control and risk assessment in the food chain." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427519.
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Pamanes, Castillo Guillermo. "Continuous improvement of occupational safety performance in aerospace production systems through collaborative automation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104279.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Employee health and safety are a top priority in aerospace manufacturing. As companies increase their production systems capacity in preparation for upcoming rate targets, new opportunities for continuous improvement start becoming evident and time critical. A strong collaboration of Health and Safety, Quality, Manufacturing and Research and Technology groups is paramount to ensure that adequate technologies are developed and deployed in the right stages of the manufacturing system in a way that is compliant with both technology readiness and the business needs. The integration of collaborative automation on ergo-motivated continuous improvement projects pose two major challenges in this aerospace manufacturing process. Firstly, the availability of resources to measure the current state, i.e. the identification and prioritization of the sub-steps and specific tasks in the process that require technological intervention. Secondly, the potential incompatibility of production systems, continuous improvement and technology development road maps that limit the speed at which new technologies flow to the shop floor. By leveraging the existence of historical safety performance and labor-tracking data, the proposed methodology offers an immediate approximation of occupational risk of the current state. This allows a "first gate" deliverable for any given continuous improvement project for the Occupational Health and Safety group with minimal use of resources, a framework for the R&D organizations to create and prioritize ergonomically-driven projects and ultimately complement business cases to propel technologies towards final deployment. The methodology results in a statistical risk profile that highlights the manual sub-steps of a product line that show better candidacy for collaborative automation. Continuous improvement and conventional Lean/Six Sigma tools where furthermore applied to demonstrate process capability and move a collaborative robot through the production system implementation roadmap in record timing.
by Guillermo Pamanes Castillo.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Corzani, Claudia <1974>. "Food safety in wine: optimization of analytical controls and evaluation of production technologies." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1056/.
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This PhD thesis has been proposed to validate and then apply innovative analytical methodologies
for the determination of compounds with harmful impact on human health, such as biogenic amines
and ochratoxin A in wines. Therefore, the influence of production technology (pH, amino acids
precursor and use of different malolactic starters) on biogenic amines content in wines was
evaluated.
An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of amino acids and amines with precolumnderivatization
with 9-Fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl) and UV detection was
developed.
Initially, the influence of pH, time of derivatization, gradient profile were studied. In order to
improve the separation of amino acids and amines and reduce the time of analysis, it was decided to
study the influence of different flows and the use of different columns in the chromatographic
method. Firstly, a C18 Luna column was used and later two monolithic columns Chromolith in
series. It appeared to be suitable for an easy, precise and accurate determination of a relatively large
number of amino acids and amines in wines.
This method was then applied on different wines produced in the Emilia Romagna region. The
investigation permitted to discriminate between red and white wines. Amino acids content is related
to the winemaking process. Biogenic amines content in these wines does not represent a possible
toxicological problem for human health.
The results of the study of influence of technologies and wine composition demonstrated that pH of
wines and amino acids content are the most important factors. Particularly wines with pH > 3,5
show higher concentration of biogenic amines than wines with lower pH. The enrichment of wines
by nutrients also influences the content of some biogenic amines that are higher in wines added with
amino acids precursors. In this study, amino acids and biogenic amines are not statistically affected
by strain of lactic acid bacteria inoculated as a starter for malolactic fermentation.
An evaluation of different clean-up (SPE-MycoSep; IACs and LLE) and determination methods
(HPLC and ELISA) of ochratoxin A was carried out. The results obtained proved that the SPE
clean-up are reliable at the same level while the LLE procedures shows lowest recovery. The
ELISA method gave a lower determination and a low reproducibility than HPLC method.
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Meng, Huixing. "Modeling Patterns for Performance Analysis of Production and Safety Systems in Process Industry." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX074/document.
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Les systèmes de production et de sûreté de fonctionnement sont d'une importance majeure dans l'industrie des procédés. Leurs performances impactent directement les intérêts de l'industrie. Ces systèmes ont des comportements similaires. Ces comportements peuvent être conceptualisés dans des modèles via des patterns de modélisation. La réutilisation de ces patterns permet de rendre le processus de modélisation à la fois simplifiée et plus efficace.Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un ensemble varié de patterns de modélisation. Ils sont classés en fonction de leur usage, ce qui reflète le fonctionnement d'un pattern de modélisation. Les patterns sont présentés sous forme d’un catalogue. Sur la base de l'étude de nombreux systèmes de production et de sécurité, vingt-quatre (24) patterns de modélisation sont introduits. Chaque pattern est représenté par un ensemble d'éléments structurés. Nous proposons une méthodologie basée sur les patterns pour l'analyse des performances des systèmes de production et de sûreté de fonctionnement.Pour tester la pertinence des patterns de modélisation suggérés, nous avons mené des études expérimentales sur un ensemble de systèmes de production et de sûreté. Tous les systèmes de validation sont extraits de la littérature. Ces systèmes traitent la majorité des difficultés de modélisation détectées auparavant. Une comparaison est effectuée entre les résultats obtenus en utilisant la modélisation basée sur les patterns et ceux rapportés dans la littératureProduction and safety systems are crucial in the process industry. Their performances affect significantly the industry interests. These systems have common behaviors. Such behaviors can be captured in models via modeling patterns. By reusing modeling patterns, the modeling process can be simplified and made more efficient.In this thesis, we propose a versatile set of modeling patterns. They are classified according to their purpose, which reflects what a modeling pattern works for. Modeling patterns are exhibited as a catalog. Based on reviewing numerous production and safety systems, twenty-four (24) modeling patterns are introduced. Each pattern is illustrated with a set of structured items. We propose a pattern-based methodology for performance analysis of production and safety systems.To test the applicability of proposed modeling patterns, we conducted experimental studies on a set of production and safety systems. All systems are extracted from the literature. These systems are declared to cover most of modeling difficulties. Comparisons are performed between the results obtained using modeling patterns and those reported in the literature
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Ghosh, Somik. "Analysis of Communication Patterns During Construction Production Planning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37494.
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The construction industry ranks high in the number of occupational incidents due to the complex and interdependent nature of the tasks. However, construction firms using lean construction have reported better safety performance than the rest. The situation reflects the limitation of traditional planning methods used in construction firms focusing on project level planning, at the expense of production level planning. Lean construction involves participants in the formal production planning process to minimize variability in workflow thus reducing probability of incidents. Considering the involvement of various participants in the production planning process, this research study hypothesized that communication levels afforded by participants during formal production planning have a positive impact on safety performance.
The goal of this research study was to understand the role of communication in the formal production planning process and its impact on safety performance. A case study approach was adopted for analyzing two projects, one following formal production planning and another following traditional project planning. Weekly subcontractor coordination meeting was selected as the unit of analysis. Data has been collected using direct observations, open-ended interviews, and examination of archival documents. For this study, the independent variables were categories of communication and dependent variable was recordable incidence rate (safety performance). Communication data was analyzed using Robert Balesâ Interaction Process Analysis.
Based on the analyses, the participants involved in formal production planning demonstrated: more sensitivity and higher degree of control by frequently providing suggestions/opinions, more enthusiasm in exchange of commitments, sincerity by declining inquiry for commitments in case of conflict of interest, and greater involvement by engaging in frequent dialogues with others. In addition, participants involved in production planning adopted a proactive approach toward safety performance by ensuring that safety was considered while preparing production plans, thus helping improve awareness. The findings indicated a better safety record by the project following formal production planning in comparison to the other project.
The research study provides a â mesoâ level understanding of the role of communication among project participants during formal production planning, and indicates that production planning might have a beneficial impact on safety performance.Ph. D.
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Sanders, Kevin A. "Production and evaluation of safety assurance software for process industrial sites in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8790.
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With a rapidly changing environment of industrial safety legislation in New Zealand, all of the country's process industries will be required to appraise the hazards on their sites by 1993. Currently, overseas techniques are available, but their complexity, expense and data requirements make them inappropriate for most New Zealand industry. In this project, a methodology for hazard appraisal was designed to analyse and quantify hazards on process sites. The methodology was then encoded into software for ease of application. To be useful for the wide range of New Zealand industry, the software had to be easy to use, able to run using a minimum of crude data and able to run on inexpensive hardware.
The software was produced and found to give valid results from the crude data used. When its results were compared to those from an analysis using an internationally recognised method, they were found to be within the limits of expectation, considering the fundamental differences in approach. While the internationally accepted method was seen to be more reliable, the project method was found to give realistic rankings, that would be useful to a wide range of New Zealand Industry. The method of rapid ranking used would highlight potentially hazardous areas on a site and help raise the awareness of industrial hazards in the users of the method. There were several modifications specified, whose application to the project software would improve the quality of results.
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Colombo, Monique. "Beneficial properties and safety of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the dairy production environment." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11610.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Bactérias ácido lácticas (BAL) foram isoladas do ambiente de produção de leite e avaliadas quanto ao potencial benéfico. Testes preliminares e análise por PCR foram aplicados para selecionar e identificar através de sequenciamento de rRNA 16S 15 cepas de BAL: Lactobacillus (n = 11; Lb. casei MSI1, Lb. casei MSI5, Lb. casei MRUV1, Lb. casei MRUV6, Lb. acidophilus MVA3, Lb. nagelli MSIV4, Lb. harbinensis MSI3, Lb. harbinensis MSIV2, Lb. fermentum SIVGL1, Lb. plantarum MLE5 e Lb. plantarum MSI2), Pediococcus (n = 2; P. pentosaceus MLEV8 e P. acidilactici MSI7) e Weissella (n = 2; W. paramesenteroides MRUV3 e W. paramesenteroides MSAV5). Todas as linhagens selecionadas apresentaram resistência ao baixo pH e à presença de sais biliares. O teste API ZYM foi realizado para caracterizar a atividade enzimática entre as cepas e foi observada elevada atividade β-galactosidase em 13 delas. Todas as cepas apresentaram alta taxa de sobrevivência ao suco gástrico e as condições intestinais simulados, capacidade de auto-agregação e co- agregação com micro-organismos indicadores e alta hidrofobicidade da superfície celular. A maioria das cepas foi positiva para os genes de adesão map e EFTu. Os resultados de deconjugação de sais biliares mostraram forte desconjugação para todas as cepas. Todas as cepas mostraram bons resultados para assimilar lactose. Após esta etapa de caracterização do potencial benéfico, as 15 BAL foram avaliadas quanto ao potencial de virulência e de resistência antimicrobiana. A produção de fatores de virulência (hemólise, gelatinase, lipase, desoxirribonuclease e aminas biogênicas: lisina, tirosina, histidina e a ornitina) foi avaliada por métodos fenotípicos, a 25 °C e 37 °C, bem como a resistência a 17 antibióticos. Os isolados foram também submetidos à análise de PCR para identificar a presença de 49 genes associados a fatores de virulência. Nenhuma das cepas apresentou atividade hemolítica, produção de gelatinase, lipase, desoxirribonuclease e aminas biogênicas. Das 15 cepas selecionadas, para 12 tipos de antibióticos no método de difusão em disco, todas as amostras foram resistentes à oxacilina e sulfa/trimetoprim, 14 foram resistentes a gentamicina, 11 foram resistentes a clindamicina, nove cepas foram resistentes à vancomicina, oito cepas para rifampicina, cinco foram resistentes a eritromicina, quatro foram resistentes à tetraciclina, duas cepas foram resistentes à ampicilina, uma cepa foi resistente ao cloranfenicol e nenhuma apresentou resistência ao imipenem. Para um teste quantitativo do antibiograma, 5 antibióticos em fitas Etest® (bioMérieux) foram selecionados. Todas as 15 cepas foram resistentes à vancomicina, duas para rifampicina, uma para gentamicina e uma para o cloranfenicol. Em relação aos genes relacionados com virulência, 19 dos 49 genes testados estavam presentes em algumas cepas. Após a caracterização do potencial virulento das 15 BAL, estas foram avaliadas quanto ao potencial tecnológico para aplicação na indústria de laticínios. Todas as cepas apresentaram capacidade de acidificação, atingindo valores de pH entre 0.73 e 2.11 em 24 horas: Lb. casei MRUV6 apresentou maior capacidade de acidificação (pH 2.11 após 24 h). Dez cepas foram capazes de produzir diacetil a 37 °C, com exceção de Lb. casei MSI1, Lb. harbinensis MSI3, Lb. fermentum SIVGL1, Lb. plantarum MLE5 e W. paramesenteroides MRUV3. Todas as cepas foram capazes de produzir exopolissacarídeos, e apenas duas cepas apresentaram atividade proteolítica (Lb. casei MSI5 e W. paramesenteroides MSAV5). Com base nessa caracterização, Lb. casei MRUV6 foi selecionado para produzir o leite fermentado, armazenado a 4 °C e 10 °C e monitorado até 35 dias de vida útil. As amostras foram submetidas a métodos fenotípicos e moleculares para avaliar a presença de Lb. casei MRUV6 (plaqueamento convencional e RT-PCR, verificando a expressão de gapdh, um gene housekeeping) e verificar a expressão do gene bsh, relacionado à resistência à sais biliares (RT-PCR). A população de Lb. casei MRUV6 se apresentou estável durante todo o período de armazenamento a 4 °C e 10 °C a níveis em torno de 9.9 log UFC/g e também pelo monitoramento da expressão do controle endógeno GAPDH. No entanto, o gene bsh não foi expresso durante o período de armazenamento. O estudo demonstrou o potencial uso da cepa de Lb. casei MRUV6 isolada de um ambiente lácteo para a produção de um produto lácteo fermentado e sua estabilidade durante o armazenamento a 4 °C e 10 °C. Todos os isolados do estudo apresentaram características benéficas, segurança para utilização em alimentos e potencial tecnológico para utilização na indústria de laticínios. Além disso, os mesmos podem ainda ser submetidos a estudos adicionais para avaliações in vivo e realizar a caracterização como probióticos.
Lactic acid bacteria isolated from dairy environment were evaluated for beneficial potential. Preliminary screening and PCR analysis were applied to select and identified through 16s rRNA sequencing 15 LAB strains: Lactobacillus (n = 11; Lb. casei MSI1, Lb. casei MSI5, Lb. casei MRUV1, Lb. casei MRUV6, Lb. acidophilus MVA3, Lb. nagelli MSIV4, Lb. harbinensis MSI3, Lb. harbinensis MSIV2, Lb. fermentum SIVGL1, Lb. plantarum MLE5 and Lb. plantarum MSI2), Pediococcus (n = 2; P. pentosaceus MLEV8 and P. acidilactici MSI7) and Weissella (n = 2; W. paramesenteroides MRUV3 and W. paramesenteroides MSAV5). All selected strains showed resistance to acidic pH and to presence of bile salt. API ZYM test characterized enzymatic activity of the strains and high β-galactosidase activity was observed in 13 strains. All strains presented high values for survival rate to simulated gastric and intestinal conditions, ability to auto and co-aggregate with indicators microorganisms and high cell surface hydrophobicity. Most of the strains were positive for map and EFTu beneficial genes. Strong bile salts deconjugation was applied for all strains and all strains showed good results for assimilating lactose. After this first part of the study, the 15 BAL were evaluated for potential virulence and antimicrobial resistance. The production of virulence factors (hemolysis, gelatinase, lipase, deoxyribonuclease and biogenic amines: lysine, tyrosine, histidine and ornithine) was assessed by phenotypic methods at 25 °C and 37 °C, as well as the resistance to 17 antimicrobials. The isolates were also subjected to PCR to identify the presence of 49 genes associated with virulence factors. None of the strains presented hemolytic activity or the production of gelatinase, lipase, deoxyribonuclease and tested biogenic amines. Of the 15 selected cultures, for 12 types of antibiotics in the disc diffusion method, all strains were resistant for oxacillin and sulfa/trimethoprim, 14 were resistant to gentamicin, 11 were resistant to clindamycin, nine strains were resistant to vancomycin, eight strains to rifampicin, five were resistant to erythromycin, four were resistant to tetracycline, two strains were resistant to ampicillin, one strain was resistant to chloramphenicol and none was resistant for imipenem. For a quantitative test of the antibiogram, five antibiotics were selected in Etest ® strips (bioMérieux). All 15 strains were resistant to vancomycin, two for rifampicin, one for gentamicin and one for chloramphenicol. Regarding the virulence related genes, 19 genes from 49 tested were present in some strains. Results showed that five cultures showed the presence of the int gene, four cultures showed the presence of the ant(4')-Ia gene, three cultures were positive for vanC2, cpd and tdc, two cultures for vanA, tet(K), tet(S), ermA, bcrR, mur-2ed, asa1 and ccf, and one culture was positive for vanC1, ermB, aph(3')-IIIa, aac(6’)-le-aph(2”)-Ia, bcrB and hyl. After characterizing the virulent potential of the 15 BAL, these strains were evaluated for the technological potential for application in the dairy industry. All strains presented acidification capacity, reaching pH values between 0.73 and 2.11 in 24 hours: Lb. casei MRUV6 presented the highest acidification ability (pH 2.11 after 24 h). Ten strains were able to produce diacetyl at 37 °C, except by Lb. casei MSI1, Lb. harbinensis MSI3, Lb. fermentum SIVGL1, Lb. plantarum MLE5 and W. paramesenteroides MRUV3. All strains were able to produce exopolysaccharides, and only two strains presented proteolytic activity (Lb. casei MSI5 and W. paramesenteroides MSAV5). Based on this characterization, Lb. casei MRUV6 was selected for producing fermented milk, stored at 4 °C and 10 °C and monitored until 35 days of shelf life. Samples were subjected to phenotypical and molecular methods to quantify the presence of Lb. casei MRUV6 (conventional plating and RT-PCR, by checking the expression of gapdh, a housekeeping gene) and to verify the expression of bsh gene, related to resistance to bile salts (RT-PCR). Lb. casei MRUV6 population was stable during storage period at 4 and 10 °C at levels around 9.9 log CFU/g, and by monitoring the expression of gapdh gene. However, bsh gene was not expressed during storage period. The study demonstrated the potential use of the beneficial strain Lb. casei MRUV6 isolated from a dairy environment for the production of a fermented milk product, and its stability during storage at 4 and 10 °C. All isolates from the study presented beneficial characteristics, safety for use in food and technological potential for use in the dairy industry. In addition, they may further be subjected to further studies for in vivo evaluations and characterization as probiotics.
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Pellegrini, Jacob Philip. "Reduction of total production cost through the use of safety stock and process improvements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122569.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MITThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 76-77).
In an ideal production system, supply exactly meets demand. Instantaneous, correct quantities arrive exactly at the right location when needed. However, real-world production systems often have variability- a change in the quantity demanded, a broken part, a shipping delay for a snow storm. The variability can be random, so companies are left with a dilemma: too little inventory buffer and a shortage may occur; too much inventory and capital is unnecessarily tied up in inventory sitting on the shelves. Using research conducted at the Boeing 737 program as a case study, this thesis proposes the application of a multi-step approach to optimize the total cost of the production system, balancing holding cost (inventory) with the disruption cost of a shortage. The initial pilot shows that small increases in inventory can have an order of magnitude of cost avoidance. The methodology includes system observation, qualitative interviews with Boeing employees, quantitative data gathering and analysis, proposed changes, and measured results. First, the historical supply and demand variability of the system is identified. Second, the cost of a shortage is estimated for the system. Next, an analytical approach to set safety stock levels is applied to balance the cost of inventory held with the cost of a shortage. By reducing the variability in the system, inventory levels can be reduced while maintaining the service levels. This process is then repeated at regular intervals to optimize the total cost of the system, balancing inventory holding cost and the disruption cost of a shortage.
by Jacob Philip Pellegrini.
M.B.A.
S.M.
M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Riccetti, Sauro. "Design of equipment safety & reliability for an aseptic liquid food packaging line through maintenance engineering." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5301.
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The organisation of maintenance, in the Aseptic Liquid Food (ALF) industry, represents an important management task that enables a company to pursue higher manufacturing effectiveness and improved market share. This research is concerned with the process to design and implement maintenance tasks. These two complementary processes (design and implementation) have been thought and designed to answer the particular needs of food industry regarding product safety and equipment reliability. Numerous maintenance engineering researchers have focused on maintenance engineering and reliability techniques highlighting the contribution of maintenance in achieving world class manufacturing and competitive advantage. Their outcome emphasizes that maintenance is not a “necessary evil” because of costs associated, but it can be considered an “investment” that produces an added value which generates a real company profit. The existing maintenance engineering techniques pursue equipment reliability at minimum cost; but in food industry, food safety represents the most critical issue to address and solve. The research methodology chosen is based on case studies coming from ALF industries. These show that low maintenance effectiveness could have dramatic effects on final consumers and on the company’s image and underline the need of a maintenance design and implementation process that takes into consideration all critical factors relevant to liquid food industry. The analysis of measurable indicators available, represents a tool necessary to show the status of critical performance indicators and reveals the urgency of a research necessary to address and solve the maintenance problems in food industry. The literature review underlines the increasing regulations in place in food industry and that no literature is available to define a maintenance design and implementation process for ALF and in general for food industry. The literature review enabled also the gap existing between theory and real maintenance status, in the ALF, to be identified and the aim of the research was to explore this gap. The analysis of case studies and Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) available highlights the problem and the literature review provides the knowledge necessary to identify the process to design and implement maintenance procedures for ALF industry. The research findings provide a useful guide to identify the process to design maintenance tasks able to put under control food safety and equipment reliability issues. Company’s restraining forces and cultural inertia, that work against new maintenance procedures, have been analysed and a maintenance implementation process have been designed to avoid losing the benefits produced by the design phase. The analysis of condition monitoring systems shows devices and techniques useful to improve product safety, equipment reliability, and then maintenance effectiveness. This research aimed to fill the gap in the existing literature showing the solution to manage both food safety and production effectiveness issues in food industry. It identifies a maintenance design process able to capture all conceivable critical factors in food industry and to provide the solution to design reliable task lists. Furthermore, the maintenance implementation process shows the way to maximize the maintenance design outcome through the empowerment of equipment operators and close cooperation with maintenance and quality specialists. The new maintenance design and implementation process represents the answer to the research problem and a reliable solution that allows the food industry to improve food safety and production effectiveness.
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Seitter, Marion [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hertel. "Safety assessment of coagulase-negative staphylococci used in food production / Marion Seitter. Betreuer: Christian Hertel." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1098315944/34.
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Fagerlönn, Johan. "Designing Auditory Warning Signals to Improve the Safety of Commercial Vehicles." Doctoral thesis, Interactive Institute, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-23943.
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Based on four studies, this thesis aims to explore how to design auditory warning signals that can facilitate safer driving by operators of heavy goods vehicles. The first three studies focus on the relationships between certain characteristics of auditory warnings and various indicators of traffic safety. A deeper understanding of these relationships would allow system developers to design auditory signals that are better optimised for safety. The fourth study examines the opinions of both vehicle developers and professional drivers regarding warning attributes. One major conclusion is that meaningful warning sounds that are related to the critical event can improve safety. As compared with arbitrarily mapped sounds, meaningful sounds are easier to learn, can improve drivers’ situation awareness, and generate less interference and less annoyance. The present thesis also supports the view that commercial drivers’ initial acceptance of these sounds may be very high. Annoyance is an especially important aspect of warning design to consider; it can negatively influence driving performance and may lead drivers to turn off their warning systems. This research supports the notion that drivers do not consider that negative experience is an appropriate attribute of auditory warnings designed to increase their situation awareness. Also, commercial drivers seem to report, significantly more than vehicle developers, that having less-annoying auditory warnings is important in high-urgency driving situations. Furthermore, the studies presented in this thesis indicate that annoyance cannot be predicted based on the physical properties of the warning alone. Learned meaning, appropriateness of the mapping between a warning and a critical event, and individual differences between drivers may also significantly influence levels of annoyance. Arousal has been identified as an important component of driver reactions to auditory warnings. However, high levels of arousal can lead to a narrowing of attention, which would be suboptimal for critical situations during which drivers need to focus on several ongoing traffic events. The present work supports the notion that high-urgency warnings can influence commercial drivers’ responses to unexpected peripheral events (i.e., those that are unrelated to the warning) in terms of response force, but not necessarily in terms of response time. The types of auditory warnings that will be developed for future vehicles depend not only on advances in research, but also on the opinions of developers and drivers. The present research shows that both vehicle developers and drivers are aware of several of the potentially important characteristics of auditory warnings. For example, they both recognise that warnings should be easy to understand. However, they do disagree regarding certain attributes of warnings, and, furthermore, developers may tend to employ a “better safe than sorry” strategy (by neglecting factors concerning annoyance and the elicitation of severe startled responses) when designing high-urgency warnings. Developers’ recognition of the potentially important attributes of auditory warnings should positively influence the future development of in-vehicle systems. However, considering the current state of research regarding in-vehicle warnings, it remains challenging to predict the most suitable sounds for specific warning functions. One recommendation is to develop a design process that examines the appropriateness of in-vehicle auditory warnings. This thesis suggests an initial version of such a process, which in this case was produced in collaboration with system designers working in the automotive industry.Sound Design for Better Traffic Safety
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Olsson, Johannah. "From safety code to safety in operations : A qualitative study of safety management within five companies operating in the Swedish shipping industry." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284671.
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The maritime industry is vital to the Swedish trade and economy. Shipping has less environmental impact per ton transported goods than other transport modes. Furthermore, ships use the sea as their roads, thus not requiring additional impact on the environment in the form of building roads or tracks to be able to transport goods or people. The aim of this thesis is to identify the characteristics of the safety management approach and safety management systems (SMS) in five Swedish companies operating in the Swedish shipping industry. It furthermore explores whether a new approach to safety management such as Safety II and resilience engineering can offer a complementary view to the current safety management. The study design of this thesis has been a multiple case study. A literature review has been performed to gain insights into the domain and safety management in the domain in specific. Data has been gathered through semi-structured interviews with 10 respondents working within shipping or crew management companies. Five of the respondents work ashore with safety management and five of the respondents work onboard as Chief Officers or Chief Engineer. Chief Officers as well as Chief Engineers have responsibilities regarding safety for their respective department and thus have management positions within the operations. The results show that the participating companies’ safety management and SMSs are of the reactive kind. There is furthermore a gap between work as imagined, WAI, and work as done, WAD, that affects the suitability of the routines, procedures and equipment used in operations. Complexity of a system is also a contributing factor when it comes to safety management, and in the participating companies, aspects regarding complexity were identified at a regulatory, organisational and operational level. This affects the possibility to create routines and procedures that correspond to the demands, variations and situations encountered in operations. It is suggested in this thesis that a Safety II approach to safety management, along with the use of resilience engineering to develop and enhance the domain’s adaptability, can serve as a complement to the current safety management approach. Being able to adapt, respond and manage various unforeseen situations is a way of ensuring safety in operations even in complex socio-technical systems. The resilience assessment grid, RAG, is suggested as a tool to be developed to be usable in the participating companies. The RAG could serve as a tool to taper the gap between WAI and WAD, as well as to provide input to the development of indicators other than accidents for improving safety. Furthermore, it could also facilitate learning from everyday operations and what is going well – the everyday successes in everyday execution of tasks involved in operations.
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Vaiapury, Karthikeyan. "Model based 3D vision synthesis and analysis for production audit of installations." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8721.
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One of the challenging problems in the aerospace industry is to design an automated 3D vision system that can sense the installation components in an assembly environment and check certain safety constraints are duly respected. This thesis describes a concept application to aid a safety engineer to perform an audit of a production aircraft against safety driven installation requirements such as segregation, proximity, orientation and trajectory. The capability is achieved using the following steps. The initial step is to perform image capture of a product and measurement of distance between datum points within the product with/without reference to a planar surface. This provides the safety engineer a means to perform measurements on a set of captured images of the equipment they are interested in. The next step is to reconstruct the digital model of fabricated product by using multiple captured images to reposition parts according to the actual model. Then, the projection onto the 3D digital reconstruction of the safety related installation constraints, respecting the original intent of the constraints that are defined in the digital mock up is done. The differences between the 3D reconstruction of the actual product and the design time digital mockup of the product are identified. Finally, the differences/non conformances that have a relevance to safety driven installation requirements with reference to the original safety requirement intent are identified. The above steps together give the safety engineer the ability to overlay a digital reconstruction that should be as true to the fabricated product as possible so that they can see how the product conforms or doesn't conform to the safety driven installation requirements. The work has produced a concept demonstrator that will be further developed in future work to address accuracy, work flow and process efficiency. A new depth based segmentation technique GrabcutD which is an improvement to existing Grabcut, a graph cut based segmentation method is proposed. Conventional Grabcut relies only on color information to achieve segmentation. However, in stereo or multiview analysis, there is additional information that could be also used to improve segmentation. Clearly, depth based approaches bear the potential discriminative power of ascertaining whether the object is nearer of farer. We show the usefulness of the approach when stereo information is available and evaluate it using standard datasets against state of the art result.
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Sonntag, Danja R. [Verfasser]. "Safety stock determination in production systems with random yield and positive lead times / Danja R. Sonntag." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149124393/34.
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Sonntag, Danja [Verfasser]. "Safety stock determination in production systems with random yield and positive lead times / Danja R. Sonntag." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149124393/34.
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Kuklane, Kalev. "Insulation of safety footwear : effect of steel toe cap in the cold." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16801.
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Bloom, Benjamin H. "Evaluation of the potential for ergonomic interventions at the XYZ Company's midwestern production facility." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006bloomb.pdf.
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Kayhan, Mehmet. "Analysis Of Safety Stock For Production - Inventory Problem Of A Company Under Multiplicative Form Of Forecast Evolution." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1094077/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, we focus on integration issue of manufacturing and sales functions from the perspective of aggregate production planning. The manufacturing function and sales function are performed by separate affiliated companies of the same business group, which operate as an integrated supplier-buyer system. In particular, this study provides theoretical and practical insight into the use of forecast volatility measure to better match supply with demand so as to reduce the costs of inventory and stock-outs in the manufacturer-buyer relationship under described master production-scheduling environment. Nature of forecast modifications provided by the buyer lays the foundation for the study. We modify the existing aggregate production planning model to accommodate a measure of historical forecast evolution. The overall objective of the thesis is to provide management with aforecast evolution-modeling framework to examine performance characteristics of the manufacturer-buyer interaction.
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Mahafha, Musiiwa Morris. "Food safety risks associated with the use of contaminated agricultural water in the production of table grapes." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53512.
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Most agricultural water sources are often considered contaminated, due to poorly
maintained sanitation systems, polluted river streams and other water catchment areas.
Agricultural water used for irrigation and reconstitution of pesticides is suspected to play
a direct or indirect role in the transmission of human pathogens to fresh produce. The
contamination of fresh table grapes during pesticide spraying can therefore be seen as
a potential risk factor. This study focuses on identifying possible sources and levels of
bacterial contamination in a river, holding dam and tank in table grape production areas.
In addition, the ability of selected pathogens to attach and survive on table grape
surfaces was studied using transmission electron microscopy. Water sources sampled
in this study were found to be microbiologically contaminated. Microbial populations
varied with season, sampling period within a season and water treatment conditions. No
human pathogens were detected under natural field conditions on crops irrigated with
contaminated water used for reconstituting agricultural pesticides. This study further
showed a wide range of pesticide products that permitted survival and multiplication of
most of the tested foodborne pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli 157:H7, Listeria
monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium and
Staphylococcus aureus. This information provides insight into the potential risk that may
be associated with table grapes due to the use of contaminated water. These findings
highlight the importance of considering pesticides used, water quality and spray
schedules prior to application. Detailed risk assessment studies on the potential of
contaminated irrigation water and the actual link with foodborne disease outbreaks have
not been investigated and should in future be determined as well as intervention
strategies.Mini Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
MSc
Unrestricted
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Krüsi, Penney Andrea. "The social and structural production of violence, safety and sexual risk reduction among street-based sex workers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51516.
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Background: Globally, sex work is highly stigmatized, and the dominant policy approach has been criminalization and police enforcement. Despite a growing body of research on the social and structural determinants of violence, and sexual risk among sex workers, less is known about the specific features of these environments and the dynamic interplay that shape the negotiation of safety and sexual risk in sex transactions. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to examine how social and structural factors such as stigma, evolving sex work legislation and policing practices intersect to shape the working conditions of primarily street-based sex workers in Vancouver.
Methods: This dissertation is based on in-depth qualitative interviews, focus groups and ethnographic fieldwork with street-based sex workers in Vancouver. Drawing on concepts of structural vulnerability and structural stigma, data analysis sought to characterize how evolving social and structural environments shape working conditions, health and safety among street-based sex workers.
Results: The findings of this dissertation suggest that intersecting regimes of criminalization and stigmatization serve to perpetuate labour conditions that render sex workers at increased risk for violence and poor health, and further deny sex workers their citizenship rights to police protection and legal recourse. Despite police rhetoric of prioritizing the safety of sex workers, criminalization and policing strategies that target clients reproduce the harms created by the criminalization of sex workers, in particular, risks for violence and abuse. Despite the lack of formal legal and policy support for brothels in Canada, the environmental-structural supports afforded by unsanctioned, safer indoor sex work environments, in the context of supportive housing programs for women, promoted increased control over negotiating sex work transactions, including the capacity to refuse unwanted services, negotiate condom use, and avoid violent perpetrators.
Conclusion: The collective work presented in this dissertation highlights the complex ways in which sex work related stigma, evolving sex work legislation, policing practices and sex work environments intersect to shape the working conditions of street-based sex workers, including citizenship and labour rights, violence, and ill health. The findings of this dissertation lend further support to calls for the full decriminalization of sex work.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
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Alhusin, Alkhdur Abdullah. "Toward a Sustainable Human-Robot Collaborative Production Environment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202388.
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This PhD study aimed to address the sustainability issues of the robotic systems from the environmental and social aspects. During the research, three approaches were developed: the first one an online programming-free model-driven system that utilises web-based distributed human-robot collaboration architecture to perform distant assembly operations. It uses a robot-mounted camera to capture the silhouettes of the components from different angles. Then the system analyses those silhouettes and constructs the corresponding 3D models.Using the 3D models together with the model of a robotic assembly cell, the system guides a distant human operator to assemble the real components in the actual robotic cell. To satisfy the safety aspect of the human-robot collaboration, a second approach has been developed for effective online collision avoidance in an augmented environment, where virtual three-dimensional (3D) models of robots and real images of human operators from depth cameras are used for monitoring and collision detection. A prototype system is developed and linked to industrial robot controllers for adaptive robot control, without the need of programming by the operators. The result of collision detection reveals four safety strategies: the system can alert an operator, stop a robot, move away the robot, or modify the robot’s trajectory away from an approaching operator. These strategies can be activated based on the operator’s location with respect to the robot. The case study of the research further discusses the possibility of implementing the developed method in realistic applications, for example, collaboration between robots and humans in an assembly line.To tackle the energy aspect of the sustainability for the human-robot production environment, a third approach has been developed which aims to minimise the robot energy consumption during assembly. Given a trajectory and based on the inverse kinematics and dynamics of a robot, a set of attainable configurations for the robot can be determined, perused by calculating the suitable forces and torques on the joints and links of the robot. The energy consumption is then calculated for each configuration and based on the assigned trajectory. The ones with the lowest energy consumption are selected.QC 20170223
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Kurkcu, Esin Aytac. "Examination Of Lean Production With Regards To Occupational Health And Safety: A Case Study In An Automotive Plant." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612810/index.pdf.
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The objective of this study is to examine lean production and its effects on general working conditions and occupational health and safety. Lean production is considered either as a humane way of production with positive effects on workers or to have negative consequences for workers'and their job quality. This study investigates the increasing workload of the workers as a result of the unlimited performance demands of lean production as the first hypothesis. Secondly, there is the question of whether lean production provides a reduction in the number of occupational accidents because of the fact that occupational accidents are seen as waste, thus eliminated at all costs. The last hypothesis which will be assessed is that the number of occupational diseases increases after the implementation of lean production. To that end, a case study was carried out in an automotive plant by a qualitative research method using tools of observation, document analysis, in depth interview and structured interview. As a conclusion, the implementation of lean production in a plant in automotive industry has resulted in the reduction of the occupational accidents and improvement of ergonomic conditions even though the main incentive for these improvements is to reduce the wastes and costs and to increase the profitability and competitiveness. Based on the interviews, workers do not consider that their workload is increased after the implementation of lean production. Besides, workers feel work autonomy and job satisfaction. They also claim that they do not feel job stress in contrast to the literature.
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Tshivhandekano, Itani. "Water quality in the City of Tshwane, South Africa and its role in food safety for vegetable production." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-151025.
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Schalkwyk, Gerhardus Petrus. "Evaluating the safety and regulatory aspects of the combined nuclear/chemical complex for Hydrogen production / Gerhardus Petrus Schalkwyk." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4955.
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Recently there has been an exceptional resurgence of interest in the nuclear power industry and the cogeneration of hydrogen from nuclear process heat and electricity, with climate change and energy security the main drivers for the implementation of these technologies. Nuclear-assisted hydrogen production technologies include electrochemical, thermochemical and hybrid-thermochemical options that respectively require electricity, high-temperature process heat and both electricity and high-temperature process heat from the nuclear reactor. Although the current commercial fleet of nuclear reactors are able to supply in the requirements of the electrochemical technologies, high-temperature nuclear reactors (HTR) are required for the thermochemical and hybrid-thermochemical options. The unique safety characteristics of Gen-IV HTGR technologies, such as the PBMR, favour their use in future energy-generation scenarios, especially with regard to process heat applications. Hydrogen production as process heat application is uniquely capable of alleviating concerns regarding energy security and sustainable development while supplying in the energy requirements of a growing population and economy. Hydrogen is relatively environmentally benign as fuel constituent or secondary energy carrier in the so-called hydrogen economy and is able to complement or even substitute fossil fuels in future energy markets, especially in the transport and industrial sectors. Regardless of the benefits of nuclear-assisted hydrogen production technologies, barriers ranging from technological and economical feasibility to safety and regulatory concerns exist that require to be addressed if these technologies are to be successful. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to investigate all safety and regulatory aspects associated with a combined nuclear/chemical complex such that they may be evaluated according to their attendant risk and probability to impede implementation of the technology. Of fundamental importance is the connection and co-location of the two critical facilities, especially considering the hazardous chemical inventories present at the chemical facility, the consequences of a nuclear accident and the use of the final product (hydrogen) by consumers.Thesis (M.Ing. (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Carter, Cora J. "Exploring safety and health concerns with urban and peri-urban livestock production in the city of Managua, Nicaragua." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543545706715605.
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Breccia, Lorenzo. "Sustainability study of an innovative technology for biodiesel production." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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The use of biomass as energy source is a well-known technology, and is rapidly growing. In this work the combination between an anaerobic digester and a gasification process was considered. As a case study was used the region Gnas. Gnas is one of the 26 municipalities in the district of Sudostsyteiermark (South- East Styria, Austria). The feedstock taken in account were manure for the anaerobic digester and wheat straw for the gasification. The supply chain of the feedstock was proposed by considering that only the 1% of the final energy produced in the process can be spent for the transportation, in order to maintain the process competitive. It has been found that the limiting feedstock was the manure due to the low energy density. Therefore were evaluated two scenarios one considering the manure as limiting feedstock (Case B) and the other without considering the manure as a limiting feedstock but considering the first transportation limit (Case A). The calculations for the production and cleaning of syngas were made by the use of the process simulation software. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was then evaluated by using the literature data with an efficiency of 50% depending also from the scale of the plant. The final diesel production was of 21.4 m3/h for the regional scale plant (Case A) and 0.08 m3/h for the farm scale plant (Case B). A preliminary economic evaluation was carried out identifing main cost factors in the process. An environmental evaluation was carried out by using the Sustainable Process Index (SPI). This index gave an amount of area needed to satisfy the ecological footprint of the plant. The safety evaluation was done by using a consequence based approach to the quantitative assessment of inherent safety.
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Wullschleger, Stephan Markus. "Biodiversity and microbial safety of artisanal Malian sour milk "fènè" and development of adapted starter cultures for controlled production /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18287.
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Tavaghof, Gigloo Dariush [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Minner, Stefan [Gutachter] Minner, and Martin [Gutachter] Grunow. "Essays on dynamic production and safety stock planning / Dariush Tavaghof Gigloo ; Gutachter: Stefan Minner, Martin Grunow ; Betreuer: Stefan Minner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185069658/34.
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Edwards, David Stanley. "Role of farm factors in the development of longitudinally integrated food safety assurance systems for beef and lamb production." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395038.
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Gigloo, Dariush Tavaghof [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Minner, Stefan [Gutachter] Minner, and Martin [Gutachter] Grunow. "Essays on dynamic production and safety stock planning / Dariush Tavaghof Gigloo ; Gutachter: Stefan Minner, Martin Grunow ; Betreuer: Stefan Minner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185069658/34.
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Gigloo, Dariush Tavaghof [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Minner, Stefan Gutachter] Minner, and Martin [Gutachter] [Grunow. "Essays on dynamic production and safety stock planning / Dariush Tavaghof Gigloo ; Gutachter: Stefan Minner, Martin Grunow ; Betreuer: Stefan Minner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20190206-1444212-1-2.
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CAMPOS, FABIO E. de. "Desenvolvimento de um modelo de cela para processamento de radiofarmacos injetaveis." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9511.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:06:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Dodd, Charles C. "Epidemiology of salmonella and E. coli O157 in beef cattle production systems." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6916.
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Doctor of PhilosophyFood Science Institute -- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
David G. Renter
Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157 are important causes of foodborne illness in humans and have been associated with the consumption of undercooked, contaminated beef. Individual feedlot cattle may shed these organisms in their feces and subsequently contaminate cattle hides and carcasses at harvest. Preharvest and harvest interventions may significantly decrease the risk of beef contamination and subsequent risk of human illness. Previous research suggests that preharvest interventions for Salmonella or E. coli O157 may compliment harvest interventions and reduce the risk of carcass contamination. In my research, I used diverse study designs to develop a better understanding of the epidemiology of Salmonella and E. coli O157 and evaluate the impact of specific preharvest interventions in commercial feedlot cattle. A randomized controlled trial indicated that a commercially available vaccine did not affect the fecal prevalence of Salmonella, or health and performance of cohorts of feedlot cattle. However, the fecal prevalence of Salmonella varied by cohort, suggesting cattle source as a risk factor. In a repeated cross-sectional study, the fecal prevalence of Salmonella in cattle at feedlot arrival was not associated with the prevalence immediately prior to harvest, yet specific Salmonella subtypes, as defined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), persisted throughout the feeding period. Another of my studies defined and compared PFGE subtypes of E. coli O157 isolated from cattle feces and carcass samples at harvest to determine relationships between fecal shedding and carcass contamination. Truckload appeared to be an important factor, and feces from cattle shedding both high- and low-concentrations of E. coli O157 posed a risk for carcass contamination. A stochastic Monte-Carlo modeling framework was later used to assess the impact of seasonal fecal prevalence and combinations of preharvest interventions on the risk of carcass contamination with E. coli O157. Results indicated that it may be important to incorporate multiple preharvest interventions, especially during periods of high fecal prevalence of E. coli O157. Overall, the research described in this dissertation demonstrates that multiple risk factors and interventions at the cohort level must be considered in order to mitigate the risks associated with Salmonella and E. coli O157 in beef production systems.
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Agus, Nugroho. "ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ON PRODUCTION CHANGES, MARKET INTEGRATION AND EXPORT CHALLENGES OF COFFEE SECTOR IN INDONESIA." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215968.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第19902号
農博第2185号
新制||農||1044(附属図書館)
学位論文||H28||N5006(農学部図書室)
32979
京都大学大学院農学研究科生物資源経済学専攻
(主査)教授 福井 清一, 教授 伊藤 順一, 准教授 沈 金虎
学位規則第4条第1項該当