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Journal articles on the topic 'Safety and Fire Engineering'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Didieux, Franck. "Facade fire – fire safety engineering methodology." MATEC Web of Conferences 9 (2013): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20130903010.

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2

Watts, John M. "Fire safety re-engineering." Fire Technology 29, no. 4 (November 1993): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01052525.

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3

Weilert, Astrid, Dietmar Hosser, and Christoph Klinzmann. "Probabilistic Safety Concept for Fire Safety Engineering based on Natural Fires." Beton- und Stahlbetonbau 103, S1 (April 2008): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/best.200810118.

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4

Rasbash, D. J. "Fire safety: Science and engineering." Fire Safety Journal 10, no. 3 (May 1986): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-7112(86)90021-4.

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5

Rein, Guillermo. "Guest Editorial: Wildfires, Fire Science and Fire Safety Engineering." Fire Technology 47, no. 2 (October 28, 2010): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-010-0196-3.

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6

Frantzich, Håkan. "Risk analysis and fire safety engineering." Fire Safety Journal 31, no. 4 (November 1998): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-7112(98)00021-6.

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7

Meacham, Brian J. "Fire safety engineering at a crossroad." Case Studies in Fire Safety 1 (March 2014): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csfs.2013.11.001.

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8

Östman, Birgit, Daniel Brandon, and Håkan Frantzich. "Fire safety engineering in timber buildings." Fire Safety Journal 91 (July 2017): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.05.002.

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9

Zhang, Qingsong, Naiwen Jiang, Hanpeng Qi, and Xingna Luo. "Modified Fire Simulation Curve of Cabin Temperatures in Postcrash Fires for Fire Safety Engineering." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8978575.

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The fire simulation curve this paper presents is based on a curve which is proposed by Barnett in 2002. The curve is used to study the temperature change in a fire scenario in the interior of a rectangular compartment. However, it is not applicable to use in some long, limited spaces with arc boundaries, such as aircraft cabins. Some improvements and simplifications are made to the curve to solve this problem. A numerical simulation is conducted via the modified curve in a B737 fuselage during a postcrash fire. The result is compared with a fire dynamics simulator (FDS) simulation and a full-scale test undertaken by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The practicability and accuracy of the modified curve is proved through the relevant analysis and the main relative error analysis. The time to flashover is also predicted by the curve and the FDS simulation, respectively. Several parameters are chosen as influence factors to study their effect on the time to flashover in order to delay the occurrence of the flashover. This study may provide a technical support for the cabin fire safety design, safety management, and fire safety engineering.
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10

Baker, Greg, Colleen Wade, Michael Spearpoint, and Charley Fleischmann. "Developing Probabilistic Design Fires for Performance-based Fire Safety Engineering." Procedia Engineering 62 (2013): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.08.109.

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11

Wade, C., and P. Whiting. "Fire Risk Assessment Using the Building Fire Safety Engineering Method." Journal of Fire Protection Engineering 8, no. 4 (January 1, 1996): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104239159600800401.

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12

van Hees, Patrick. "Validation and Verification of Fire Models for Fire Safety Engineering." Procedia Engineering 62 (2013): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.08.052.

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13

Richardson, J. K., D. Yung, J. R. Mawhinney, G. Proulx, T. T. Lie, and G. D. Lougheed. "Design against fire – an introduction to fire safety engineering design." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 842–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-097.

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14

Yan, Shan Yu, and Jin Ding. "Application of Underground Engineering Fire Safety Evaluation Based on the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.307.

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In this paper, built fire control safety evaluation index system according to the underground engineering characteristics of fire and introduce a method to determine the weighing values for assessment index. Put fuzzy comprehensive assessment method on underground engineering of fire safety assessment, then use fuzzy mathematics theory build a model of engineering of fire safety assessment fuzzy evaluation, and through the underground engineering design of fire safety assessment, to prove its scientific and effective.
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15

Shikuskaya, Olga, Galina Abuova, Ivan Vatunskiy, and Mikhail Shikulskiy. "Mathematical Game Theory in Civil Engineering Fire Safety." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 03034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199703034.

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In the analysis of the project documentation of a two-storeyed sports complex it was established that despite compliance of the project to all standards in the fire safety field, under certain conditions there is a danger of a delay of full people evacuation from the gym room in case of fire that can entail people’s death. For the purpose of ensuring fire safety several versions of space-planning decisions were considered. The scientific literature analysis showed efficiency of game theory use in the field of fire safety, however in the field of fire safety in construction it was not applied yet. Game theory Application (games with the nature in the conditions of uncertainty) for the revealed problem solution was proved. Three possible scenarios of emergence and development of the fire and four alternative space-planning decisions were considered. For all development scenarios of the fire time of critical values achievement of dangerous fire factors was defined. All necessary evacuation schemes are made and calculations are executed. On the calculated parameters basis the payoff matrix was constructed. An optimal variant of space-planning decisions was chosen. Research results showed expediency and efficiency of game theory application in the field of fire safety in construction.
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16

Yashiro, Yoshiro. "Fire Safety Engineering Based on Risk Assessment." Fire Science and Technology 23, no. 4 (2004): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3210/fst.23.280.

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17

Babrauskas, Ph.D., Vytenis (Vyto). "Some Neglected Areas in Fire Safety Engineering." Fire Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (2013): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3210/fst.32.35.

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18

Lange, David, Jose L. Torero, Graham Spinardi, Angus Law, Peter Johnson, Ashley Brinson, Cristian Maluk, Juan P. Hidalgo, and Michael Woodrow. "A competency framework for fire safety engineering." Fire Safety Journal 127 (January 2022): 103511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103511.

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19

Becker, Wolfram. "Smoke Toxicity: Application to Fire Safety Engineering." Journal of Fire Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 1996): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419601400501.

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20

Meacham, Brian J. "Informing the practice of fire safety engineering." Case Studies in Fire Safety 4 (October 2015): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csfs.2015.08.001.

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21

Xiao, Xuefeng, Eric Marchant, and Alan Griffith. "Quality Assurance in Fire Safety Engineering Firms." Journal of Applied Fire Science 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1wkt-vygh-9pn9-jxde.

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22

Bushnell, R. "Fire engineering for building structures and safety." Fire Safety Journal 15, no. 6 (January 1989): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-7112(89)90022-2.

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23

Grigoraş, Zeno Cosmin, and Dan Diaconu-Şotropa. "System and Subsystems Used in the Engineering Approach of Human Evacuation in Case of Fire." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.108.

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The new approach of human evacuation in case of fire, the engineering one, offers additional possibilities of assessment for this activity included in the issue of fire safety of buildings. Being a relatively new field of study, less known to professionals specialized in fire safety (but quite well known to specialized researchers), fire safety engineering undergoes permanent reorganization at the level of concepts and procedures, information by mean of which it operate, due to the rapid accumulation of experience in this area of engineering activity; therefore, after countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand, USA have provided to their specialists normative regulations specific to fire safety engineering, groups of specialists from these countries have joined their efforts to try reducing the differences between these regulations and give a unified, better conceptualized approach to fire safety engineering. The result: the development of International Fire Engineering Guidelines (last edition 2005). The systemic approach to fire safety in buildings outlined, once again, the possibility of modular organization of this field of study, the relations between modules depending on the objectives followed in a fire safety analysis for a specified building. This article intends to present in this modularized perspective, human evacuation in case of fire from a building designed for higher education, with a centrally located atrium.
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24

Evegren, Franz, and Tommy Hertzberg. "Fire safety regulations and performance of fibre-reinforced polymer composite ship structures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 231, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090215620449.

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This article presents a procedure for how to relate fire performance of fibre-reinforced polymer composite structures to the fire safety regulations in Safety of Life at Sea II-2. It can be used as basis when performing a fire risk assessment to demonstrate that the degree of safety is at least equivalent to that provided by prescriptive requirements. A key issue is that requirements and test methods are based on the use of steel structures, which requires seeking the safety level implied by the regulations. This was demonstrated for the regulations and introduced hazards affecting the growth stage of a fire. The safety implied by regulations was related to fire performance of fibre-reinforced polymer composite by reference to fire tests involving typical materials and some relevant safety measures. Ignition was described as uncritical, while the fire growth on a fibre-reinforced polymer composite surface can be rapid. Flammability requirements are generally not achieved by an untreated panel but different means can be used for protection. A fire protective coating can be used to prevent ignition, and sprinkler is effective for both fire prevention and extinguishment on interior and external surfaces. For interior spaces, it can be relevant with a coating or thermal insulation also to hinder increased generation of smoke and toxic gases during fire evacuation. In all, it is shown that fire hazards during the fire growth stage are manageable, and a foundation is lain out for a well-structured fire risk assessment.
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25

Kong, Depeng, Shouxiang Lu, Håkan Frantzich, and S. M. Lo. "A METHOD FOR LINKING SAFETY FACTOR TO THE TARGET PROBABILITY OF FAILURE IN FIRE SAFETY ENGINEERING." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 19, Supplement_1 (January 9, 2014): S212—S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.802718.

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Ensuring occupants’ safety in building fires is one of the most important aspects for fire safety engineering. Many uncertainties are inevitably introduced when estimating the occupant safety level, due to the high complexity of fire dynamics and the human behaviour in fires. Safety factor methods are traditionally employed to deal with such uncertainties. This kind of methods is easy to apply but leaves fire safety engineers unsure of the margin by which the design has failed. A method of linking safety factor and probability of failure in fire safety engineering is proposed in this study. An event tree is constructed to analyse potential fire scenarios that arise from the failure of fire protection systems. Considering uncertainties related to fire dynamics and evacuation, the traditional deterministic safety factor is considered as a random variable. Because there is no target probability of failure accepted by the whole fire safety engineering community, the concept of expected risk to life (ERL) is integrated to determine the target probability of failure. This method employs a Monte Carlo Simulation using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) to calculate the required safety factor. A practical case study is conducted using the method proposed in this study.
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26

Yaping He. "Linking Safety Factor and Failure Probability for Fire Safety Engineering." Journal of Fire Protection Engineering 20, no. 3 (July 5, 2010): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042391510372726.

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27

Chen, Hao, William C. Pittman, Logan C. Hatanaka, Brian Z. Harding, Adam Boussouf, David A. Moore, James A. Milke, and M. Sam Mannan. "Integration of process safety engineering and fire protection engineering for better safety performance." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 37 (September 2015): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2015.06.013.

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28

Scutarasu, Constantin Sorin, Dan Diaconu-Şotropa, and Marinela Barbuta. "Case Study on Modeling Fire Action Complexity in Fire Safety Engineering of Structures." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.102.

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Important goals in the fire safety design, such as preventing loss of life and goods damage, are achieved by maintaining the stability of structures exposed to fire for a period of time established by norms and standards. Real fire scenarios confirm that the specific technical regulations which actually have a prescriptive character (both national and international) do not deal with sufficient possibilities regarding the assessment of structural fire safety. The new approach on structural safety, based on engineering notions, gives us additional prospects on it and it is included in the issues of the fire safety design of structures. A relatively new field of study, known by a few professionals focused on fire safety (but well acknowledged in the research area), fire safety design met with lots of changes and restructuring of the governing concepts and procedures and of the information with which they operate, due to the fast accumulation of experience in this area of engineering activity. Consequently, after countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zeeland or USA provided towards professionals specific technical regulations for fire safety design, groups of experts in these aforementioned countries have joined their forces to try to diminish the differences that exists between those regulations and to give a unitary character to them, a better conceptualized engineering approach of the fire safety design. The result: occurrence of the publication International Fire Engineering Guidelines (last edition from 2005). The systematic approach of fire safety design in constructions pointed, once again, the possibility of modular organization of this field of study, the relations between modules being established according to the objective or objectives in the fire safety design for a specified building. This article aims to put forward, from this modularized perspective, the study of the fire safety design of a building exposed to fire; hence, the practical part of the article exhibits the numerical simulation of initialization and development of the fire process for a large scale religious building. The main features of the building represent the amount of space that facilitates the spreading of smoke and warm gases and which increases the risk of damaging the structural reinforced concrete elements. Application calls to specific numerical simulation with a higher degree of credibility, such as those realized by the FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulation) software.
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29

McCaffrey, B. J. "Fire Safety Science." Combustion and Flame 69, no. 3 (September 1987): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(87)90128-3.

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30

Li, Long-yuan. "Editorial: Fire safety engineering design of concrete structures." Magazine of Concrete Research 69, no. 7 (April 2017): 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.2017.69.7.325.

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31

Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Book review: Temperature Calculation in Fire Safety Engineering." Journal of Fire Sciences 34, no. 6 (August 20, 2016): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904116664535.

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32

Wang, Qian, and Cong Zhang. "Fire Safety Analysis of Building Partition Wall Engineering." Procedia Engineering 211 (2018): 747–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.12.071.

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33

Woodrow, Michael, Luke Bisby, and Jose L. Torero. "A nascent educational framework for fire safety engineering." Fire Safety Journal 58 (May 2013): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.02.004.

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34

Van Coile, Ruben, Danny Hopkin, and David Lange. "Guest Editorial: Probabilistic Methods in Fire Safety Engineering." Fire Technology 55, no. 4 (June 6, 2019): 1107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-019-00874-0.

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35

Ikeda, Kenichi, and Yoshifumi Ohmiya. "Fire Safety Engineering of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Column without Fire Protection." Fire Science and Technology 28, no. 3 (2009): 106–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3210/fst.28.106.

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36

Borg, Audun, Ove Njå, and José L. Torero. "A Framework for Selecting Design Fires in Performance Based Fire Safety Engineering." Fire Technology 51, no. 4 (January 7, 2015): 995–1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-014-0454-x.

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37

Jiang, Liming, and Asif Usmani. "Towards scenario fires – modelling structural response to fire using an integrated computational tool." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 13 (April 12, 2018): 2056–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218765832.

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Modern architecture has been challenging the obsolete assumptions of the current fire safety engineering approaches, most of which still rely on the standard fire curve and continue to focus on the fire resistance of isolated single members. It has been observed time and again that buildings designed to the code-required fire performance fail in fires where the fire behaviour is found beyond current understanding. To fill this gap in knowledge and practice and move a step forward towards more rational fire safety engineering approaches, an integrated modelling tool is proposed in this article which is devoted to the implementation of realistic and advanced fire models that can be used routinely in analyses accounting for heat transfer and thermo-mechanical behaviour. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the tool utility in simulating a tall building subjected to vertically travelling fire and a low-rise building subjected to a localised fire.
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38

Lim, Ohk Kun. "Bibliometric Analysis of Research Topics on Fire Safety." Fire Science and Engineering 37, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.6a32f1fd.

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Various studies have been conducted to minimize property damage and casualties caused by fire accidents, which occur over 40,000 times annually on average. The research papers published in the Fire Science and Engineering journal indexed in the Korea Citation Index and the Fire Technology journal indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded databases over the last 10 years were analyzed utilizing text-mining techniques. Similar research papers published these two journals were explored and significant differences in perceptions were identified. Recently, the proportion of studies on “Wild-Urban-Interface (WUI) fire” and “Battery fire” published in the Fire Technology journal has increased; however, “Firefighter organization” related research papers are being actively published in the Fire Science and Engineering journal. A quantitative analysis of the studies on fire incidents can provide significant information on developing new policies essential to reducing fire damage.
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39

Björkman, Jouni, and Olavi Keski-Rahkonen. "Fire Safety Risk Analysis of a Community Centre." Journal of Fire Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 1996): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419601400503.

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A systems approach to fire safety is a way to evaluate fire safety of buildings, especially large and complex buildings. One tool for building fire risk analysis is the computer programme FIRE (Fire Simulation Program) de veloped at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) in USA by Professor R. Fitz gerald and his group. The computational utility of the code was improved and adapted to the Finnish environment by Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) and two engineering consultants, Rakennus-Ekono and LCA-Engin eering. We simulated fires in a four-floor building where one wing (single fire com partment) was selected for simulation. We chose four representative room types in the building for which fire engineering data were selected. By simulation, we studied the impact of different design alternatives to fire risk of the total building. Fire risk in each design alternative was computed as expectation of loss. Costs caused by structural changes and active fire safety systems were taken into account. The compilations proved that it is possible to design differently from the current fire code and still reduce the fire risk level. FIRE does not yet support the evaluation of life safety, but the results can be used for that purpose indirectly.
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40

Beyler, Craig L. "Industrial Fire Protection Engineering." Fire Technology 40, no. 3 (July 2004): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:fire.0000026982.50038.74.

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41

Węgrzyński, W., and P. Sulik. "The philosophy of fire safety engineering in the shaping of civil engineering development." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 719–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2016-0081.

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Abstract This paper presents modern application of fire safety engineering (FSE) in the shaping of civil engineering development. Presented scientific achievements of FSE become tools used in typical modern engineering workflow. Experience gained through successful implementations of these solutions is then further crafted into prescriptive laws that shape future fire safety. This diffusion of knowledge is limited by law requirements themselves, technical limitations, and yet unresolved challenges that are still being worked on by the researchers in this field. This paper aims to present the achievements of the FSE discipline that may and should be used by civil engineers and other participants of the building process. Explanations given for the choices of fire safety engineers allow a better understanding of their gravity by representatives of other engineering branches. That way it is possible to build empathy between different engineering disciplines, which may significantly improve both the building design process and safety of the buildings itself. The chosen framework of this paper is Appendix A to EU Construction Products Regulation defining basic goals for a fire safe building, with a possible application of FSE given for each of these goals. The current framework of performance-based FSE is presented in relation to the Polish legal system, with recommendations on how to improve both FSE and civil engineering in the future.
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42

Brzezińska, Dorota, and Paul Bryant. "Risk Index Method–A Tool for Sustainable, Holistic Building Fire Strategies." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 4469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114469.

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Modern fire safety engineering seeks to ensure buildings are safe from fire by applying optimum levels of fire safety and protection resources without the need to overprotect. Similarly, the principles of sustainability aim to ensure resources are suitably applied to meet social, economic, and environmental objectives. However, there is a mismatch between the actual application of fire safety and the sustainability objectives for buildings, typically caused by the highly prescriptive historical approaches still largely adopted and legislated for in many countries. One solution that is increasingly adopted is the more flexible, “performance-based” fire engineering approach that bases fire safety and protection provisions on the development of key performance objectives, some of which could be influenced by sustainability engineering propositions for buildings, but very often this does not appear to be enough. The proposed new concept prompts separate assessment and scoring of the eight most important fire safety factors, allowing for calculation of the fire strategy risk index (FSRI). By comparing the FSRI of the actual submitted strategy against the baseline strategy, enforcement agencies or other interested stakeholders will have a methodology to determine optimal fire safety solutions for buildings.
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43

Brzezińska, Dorota, Paul Bryant, and Adam S. Markowski. "An Alternative Evaluation and Indicating Methodology for Sustainable Fire Safety in the Process Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 28, 2019): 4693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174693.

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There is a mismatch between the desire to introduce greater levels of sustainability in engineering design and in the need to provide effective engineering solutions, particularly where issues of human safety and asset protection are involved. Sustainability engineering typically incorporates economic, environmental, and social factors, all of which are highly relevant and applicable to fire safety and the design of fire protection systems. The term fire strategy denotes a documented methodology to encapsulate a full range of such systems, within a single framework, for more complex risks such as those found in the process industry. The subject of fire safety is emotive and its application within building design may not change unless we refocus on a holistic and strategic approach, especially for complex building profiles. Fire is a recognized critical safety issue for most types of industrial plants. Due to the complexity of the processes, even a relatively small fire accident can lead to a chain of events that could be devastating, resulting in huge asset and continuity losses, damage to the local environment, and of course, the threat to life. More complex processes require a more flexible and relevant approach. The use of fire safety engineering and performance-based evaluation techniques, instead of prescriptive rules, continues to grow in prominence because of this. This is the case when specifying fire protection and safety for modern power generating plants. However, when it comes to critical infrastructure, such as is the case with power plants, it is sometimes not clear whether optimum fire safety engineering solutions have been applied. One of the ideas specifically developed for evaluating the most appropriate fire safety strategies and systems, especially for such infrastructure examples, is a method based upon the British Standard Specification PAS 911. This method is captured in a diagram and identifies eight main elements for fire safety and protection. The idea presented in this article is to allow assessment of a submitted actual fire strategy for a building or other form of infrastructure, against what has been predetermined as a standard baseline fire strategy for, in this case, a power plant building. The assessment makes use of a multi-level questionnaire, in this case specifically formulated for power plant fire safety needs. By comparing the actual fire strategy diagram against a baseline fire strategy, enforcement agencies, or other interested stakeholders, can recognize which fire safety factors play the most important part in the fire strategy, and determine whether proper levels of fire safety and protection have been applied. The fire strategy evaluation is realized by a team of engineers, which consists of independent fire strategist from a consultant office, internal fire and technical experts from the industrial plant, such as the person responsible for fire safety, person responsible for explosion safety, person responsible for housekeeping, and building manager. Additionally, there should be representatives of insurance companies and independent fire experts. Typically, the group consists of 7 to 12 people.
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44

Yue, Tsz Kit. "Application of fire engineering to assist disadvantaged minority in enhancing building fire safety." HKIE Transactions 22, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023697x.2015.1102659.

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45

Crandall, J. Sterling. "Commentary on Fire Safety Requirements: Circulation and Fire Safety in Buildings." Journal of Applied Fire Science 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/wdvy-gx04-xq36-f2bb.

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46

Cooke, Gordon M. E. "Fire safety aspects in design." Batiment International, Building Research and Practice 15, no. 1-6 (January 1987): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613218708726833.

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47

Barry, Carolyn. "Fire inside: Structural design with fire safety in mind." Science News 172, no. 8 (August 25, 2007): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.2007.5591720811.

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48

Sednev, V., and N. Teterina. "ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE SETTLEMENT FIRE SAFETY IN WINTER." Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination, no. 3 (2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/fe.2016.3.25-30.

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49

Sassi, Samuele, Paolo Setti, Giuseppe Amaro, Lamberto Mazziotti, Giuseppe Paduano, Piergiacomo Cancelliere, and Mauro Madeddu. "Fire safety engineering applied to high-rise building facades." MATEC Web of Conferences 46 (2016): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20164604002.

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50

Quiquero, Hailey, Matthew Smith, and John Gales. "Developing fire safety engineering as a practice in Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 7 (July 2018): 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2016-0552.

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Abstract:
The goal of fire safety engineering (FSE) is to design a strategy that meets human safety and property protection goals with an optimized solution. In comparison to international practice, Canada could be considered highly underdeveloped in a technical perspective of performance versus prescription. In Canada, FSE is a subdivision within civil and mechanical engineering, rather than treated as a profession in and of itself. With a requirement for more complex infrastructure to meet Canadian societal needs, there is stimulus that is fostering a demand to create professionals educated with FSE skill sets. This literary study therefore aims to present a state-of-the-art review of the design practice of FSE in Canada and abroad with explicit focus on performance-based fire design for the Canadian practitioner who seeks to develop their expertise in this subject.
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