Academic literature on the topic 'Safet Zec'
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Journal articles on the topic "Safet Zec":
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Nikšić, Redžep. "Landscapes in the works of Safet Zec." Univerzitetska misao - casopis za nauku, kulturu i umjetnost, Novi Pazar, no. 21 (2022): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/univmis2221215n.
Abstract:
The Bosnian artist Safet Zec began his artistic development in the so-called Yugoslav artistic space. His work, which spanned several decades, is dominated by a certain number of motifs. In his works, he predominantly focuses on architectural motifs (the Bosnian, Počitelj, and Venetian house...), but also landscapes, still life, and human figures. He would return to these motifs several times during the active period of his life, and since he was constantly maturing as an artist, he transformed the aforementioned motifs giving them a new meaning and message. This paper presents the results of an aesthetic analysis of ten works of art painted by this artist (the technique, format, color, lines...) between 1971 and 1982. The aim of the paper is to analyze his creative process in works with a landscape motif. This paper is meant to contribute to the presentation and popularization of the creative opus of Safet Zec to both the wider and the expert public, as well as contribute to the better understanding of his creative method.
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Hodzic, Prof Dr Aida Abadzic. "The Quest for the Sacred in the Paintings of Safet Zec." Science, Art and Religion 1, no. 1-2 (June 3, 2022): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/sar-1-1-2-150.
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Deng, Tao, Yefei Chen, Jinqiang Zhang, Yanping Gao, Changgui Yang, Weike Jiang, Xiaohong Ou, et al. "A Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D-1 Strain Is Responsible for Zearalenone Detoxifying in Coix Semen." Toxins 15, no. 12 (November 28, 2023): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15120674.
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Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp., which commonly and severely contaminate food/feed. ZEN severely affects food/feed safety and reduces economic losses owing to its carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, endocrine effects, and immunotoxicity. To explore efficient methods to detoxify ZEN, we identified and characterized an efficient ZEN-detoxifying microbiota from the culturable microbiome of Pseudostellaria heterophylla rhizosphere soil, designated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D-1. Its highest ZEN degradation rate reached 96.13% under the optimal condition. And, D-1 can almost completely remove ZEN (90 μg·g−1) from coix semen in 24 h. Then, the D-1 strain can detoxify ZEN to ZEM, which is a new structural metabolite, through hydrolyzation and decarboxylation at the ester group in the lactone ring and amino acid esterification at C2 and C4 hydroxy. Notably, ZEM has reduced the impact on viability, and the damage of cell membrane and nucleus DNA and can significantly decrease the cell apoptosis in the HepG2 cell and TM4 cell. In addition, it was found that the D-1 strain has no adverse effect on the HepG2 and TM4 cells. Our findings can provide an efficient microbial resource and a reliable reference strategy for the biological detoxification of ZEN.
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Galaverna, G., C. DallAsta, M. Mangia, A. Dossena, and R. Marchelli. "Masked Mycotoxins: an Emerging Issue for Food Safety." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, Special Issue 1 (June 24, 2009): S89—S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1064-cjfs.
Abstract:
The presence of masked or hidden forms of <I>Fusarium</I> mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, DON, zearalenone, ZEN and fumonisins B1, B2 and B3) were studied in wheat and maize derived products. Significant amounts of these forms were found both in raw and in processed food commodities. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside was found in wheat products up to 30% of DON concentration. Bound forms of fumonisins often account for an equal or even higher amount in comparison with the free forms.
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Itô, Junko, and R. Armin Mester. "Licensed Segments and Safe Paths." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 38, no. 2 (June 1993): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100014742.
Abstract:
The following pages sketch a system of constraints intended to sharpen and organize a number of current assumptions surrounding the concept of “prosodic licensing”, as proposed in Itô (1988) and further developed in later work (Bagemihl 1991; Charette 1990; Goldsmith 1990; Inkelas 1991; Itô and Mester 1991; Kaye 1990; Lombardi 1991; Piggott 1991; Zec 1988; and others). The proposal to be developed below draws on Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993); one of the goals is to explicate the notion of the coda as a “secondary licenser” (Goldsmith 1990) and to clarify the privileged status of geminate and partial geminate clusters (Prince 1984) with respect to syllabification. After laying out some background assumptions (Section 1), we present the definitions and constraints that form the core of our theory of licensing (Section 2). We illustrate the approach with an analysis of the syllable structure of Japanese (Section 3) and conclude the paper with a discussion of remaining issues and problems relating to the general typology of syllabification systems (Section 4).
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Kowalczyk, Stanisław. "FOOD SAFETY AS A NEW SCIENCE DISCIPLINE." Problems of Agricultural Economics 361, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30858/zer/113376.
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Bi, Zhenbin, Xuezhu Gu, Yeyi Xiao, Yajing Zhou, Wenbin Bao, Shenglong Wu, and Haifei Wang. "Analysis of the Roles of the ISLR2 Gene in Regulating the Toxicity of Zearalenone Exposure in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells." Toxins 14, no. 9 (September 16, 2022): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14090639.
Abstract:
Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the mycotoxins that pose high risks for human and animal health, as well as food safety. However, the regulators involved in ZEN cellular toxicity remain largely unknown. Herein, we showed that cell viability of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) tended to decrease with increasing doses of ZEN by the cell counting kit-8 assay. Expression of the ISLR2 (immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat 2) gene in IPEC-J2 cells was significantly downregulated upon ZEN exposure. Furthermore, we found the dose–effect of ZEN on ISLR2 expression. We then overexpressed the ISLR2 gene and observed that overexpression of ISLR2 obviously reduced the effects of ZEN on cell viability, apoptosis rate and oxidative stress level. In addition, ISLR2 overexpression significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α and IFN-α induced by ZEN. Our findings revealed the effects of ZEN on the ISLR2 gene expression and indicated the ISLR2 gene as a novel regulator of ZEN-induced cytotoxicity, which provides potential molecular targets against ZEN toxicity.
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Yu, Huilin, Junhui Zhang, Yixuan Chen, and Jiajin Zhu. "Zearalenone and Its Masked Forms in Cereals and Cereal-Derived Products: A Review of the Characteristics, Incidence, and Fate in Food Processing." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2022): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8090976.
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Zearalenone (ZEA) is known as a Fusarium-produced mycotoxin, representing a risk to cereal food safety with repercussions for economies and worldwide trade. Recent studies have reported the co-occurrence of ZEA and masked ZEA in a variety of cereals and cereal-based products, which may exert adverse effects on public health due to additive/synergistic interactions. However, the co-contamination of ZEA and masked ZEA has received little attention. In order to minimize the threats of co-contamination by ZEA and masked ZEA, it is necessary to recognize the occurrence and formation of ZEA and masked ZEA. This review focuses on the characteristics, incidence, and detection of ZEA and its masked forms. Additionally, the fate of ZEA and masked ZEA during the processing of bread, cake, biscuits, pasta, and beer, as well as the ZEA limit, are discussed. The incidence of masked ZEA is lower than that of ZEA, and the mean level of masked ZEA varies greatly between cereal samples. Published data showed a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the destiny of ZEA during cereal-based food processing, mostly as a result of the varying contamination levels and complicated food processing methods. Knowledge of the fate of ZEA and masked ZEA throughout cereal-based food processing may reduce the likelihood of severe detrimental market and trade ramifications. The revision of legislative limits of masked ZEA may become a challenge in the future.
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Hong, Xia, Yuhao Mao, Chuqin Yang, Zhenjiang Liu, Ming Li, and Daolin Du. "Contamination of Zearalenone from China in 2019 by a Visual and Digitized Immunochromatographic Assay." Toxins 12, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12080521.
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Zearalenone (ZEN) is a prevalent mycotoxin that needs intensive monitoring. A semi-quantitative and quantitative immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was assembled for investigating ZEN contamination in 187 samples of cereal and their products from China in 2019. The semi-quantitative detection model had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.50 ng/mL with visual judgment and could be completely inhibited within 5 min at 3.0 ng/mL ZEN. The quantitative detection model had a lower LOD of 0.25 ng/mL, and ZEN could be accurately and digitally detected from 0.25–4.0 ng/mL. The ICA method had a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for on-site ZEN detection. For investigation of the authentic samples, the ZEN-positive rate was 62.6%, and the ZEN-positive levels ranged from 2.7 to 867.0 ng/g, with an average ZEN-positive level being 85.0 ng/g. Of the ZEN-positive samples, 6.0% exceeded the values of the limit levels. The ZEN-positive samples were confirmed to be highly correlated using LC-MS/MS (R2 = 0.9794). This study could provide an efficiency and accuracy approach for ZEN in order to achieve visual and digitized on-site investigation. This significant information about the ZEN contamination levels might contribute to monitoring mycotoxin occurrence and for ensuring food safety.
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Ji, Jian, Jian Yu, Yang Yang, Xiao Yuan, Jia Yang, Yinzhi Zhang, Jiadi Sun, and Xiulan Sun. "Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone." Toxins 13, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13100720.
Abstract:
Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants in food. For food safety, an efficient and environmental-friendly approach to ZEN degradation is significant. In this study, an Aspergillus niger strain, FS10, was stimulated with 1.0 μg/mL ZEN for 24 h, repeating 5 times to obtain a stressed strain, Zearalenone-Stressed-FS10 (ZEN-S-FS10), with high degradation efficiency. The results show that the degradation rate of ZEN-S-FS10 to ZEN can be stabilized above 95%. Through metabolomics analysis of the metabolome difference of FS10 before and after ZEN stimulation, it was found that the change of metabolic profile may be the main reason for the increase in the degradation rate of ZEN. The optimization results of degradation conditions of ZEN-S-FS10 show that the degradation efficiency is the highest with a concentration of 104 CFU/mL and a period of 28 h. Finally, we analyzed the degradation products by UPLC-q-TOF, which shows that ZEN was degraded into two low-toxicity products: C18H22O8S (Zearalenone 4-sulfate) and C18H22O5 ((E)-Zearalenone). This provides a wide range of possibilities for the industrial application of this strain.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Safet Zec":
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Ivchenkova, Tatiana. "Visage impossible : l’empreinte des totalitarismes et des terreurs sur l’effacement du visage humain dans la peinture moderne et contemporaine occidentale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080026.
Abstract:
L’objet de cette recherche est d’étudier le phénomène de la disparition du visage humain dans l’art moderne et contemporain occidental, en particulier dans sa dimension politique. L’empreinte des totalitarismes et des terreurs du XXe siècle sur l’effacement du visage a pris une profondeur considérable, ce qu’on découvre dans des œuvres de Kazimir Malevitch, Miklos Bokor, Zoran Music, Safet Zec, Jean Jansem, Mikhaïl Roginsky et Francine Mayran. La face gommée de l’homme opprimé, déshumanisé, privé de personnalité représente le portrait collectif d’une société souffrante. Dans ce travail nous analysons aussi l’opposition que ce phénomène plastique exprime face à l’art officiel des régimes totalitaires, dans lequel la face humaine reste très réaliste. Enfin, nous révélons le rôle du visage effacé dans la construction de la mémoire collective de la société, cette substance fragile qui subit souvent des déformations et connaît des effacementsThis research studies the phenomenon of the disappearance of the human face in modern and contemporary Western art, particularly in its political dimension. The footprint of the totalitarianisms and terrors of the 20th century on facial erasure has taken on a considerable depth, which is discovered in works by Kazimir Malevich, Miklos Bokor, Zoran Music, Safet Zec, Jean Jansem, Mikhail Roginsky and Francine Mayran. The gutted face of the oppressed, dehumanized, personality-deprived man represents the collective portrait of a suffering society. In this work we also analyze the opposition that this plastic phenomenon expresses to the official art of totalitarian regimes, in which the human face remains very realistic. Finally, we reveal the role of the erased face in the construction of the collective memory of society, this fragile substance that often undergoes deformations and deletions
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Oliveira, Maurício Schneider. "OCORRÊNCIA NATURAL DE MICOTOXINAS EM MILHO (Zea mays L.) E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NO DESEMPENHO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4109.
Abstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFungi can be found everywhere in nature and are known occur in maize. Those which have the ability to produce substances toxic to humans and animals, from its secondary metabolism, are named toxigenic fungi and the metabolites produced are called mycotoxins. Due to the presence of various toxigenic fungal species in maize crop, the occurrence of a large number of metabolites is expected. Besides occur in native forms, mycotoxins can occur in the form called masked, a result of changes in structure or chemical reactions with constituents of plants, making them undetectable to the analytical methodologies conventionally employed. Due to the damage that mycotoxins can cause to human and animal health, laws establishing maximum permitted levels of contamination in food has been proposed, but restricted to a small number of mycotoxins, partly due to analytical limitations and partly in consequence of the lack of database of natural occurrence of these contaminants in the native and masked forms. To evaluate the occurrence of fungal metabolites in maize, 148 samples were collected in the South region of Brazil. All samples were contaminated with at least 10 fungal metabolites and the higher co-occurrence detected in the same sample was 51 metabolites. In all maize samples analyzed were detected at least two mycotoxins adressed by Brazilian law (fumonisin B1 and fumonisin B2). Besides the research of the native forms of mycotoxins, analysis for masked fumonisin were performed. Seventy two maize samples were analyzed and masked fumonisin concentration was found up to two times greater than the concentration of fumonisins in native form. Furthermore, a positive correlation (R = 0.97) was found between the concentration of native and masked fumonisin. Based on this correlation, a mathematical prediction model to estimate the concentration of total fumonisins, based on the concentration of native fumonisins was generated. After knowing the co-occurence of several fungal metabolites in maize, the performance of broilers chickens submitted to diets with fungal culture material was evaluated. Body weight and feed conversion were significantly altered after 21 days of experiment in the group receiving diet containing higher concentrations of fusaric acid. The analytical methodologies enabled a first approach to study the co-occurrence of mycotoxins in their native and masked forms in maize naturally contaminated, collected in the South region of Brazil. The negative effect on the performance of broilers chickens, demonstrating that the co-occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins have real impact in poultry and requires greater attention of the parties involved.
Fungos podem ser encontrados em toda a natureza e são de conhecida ocorrência na cultura do milho. Aqueles que possuem a capacidade de produzir substâncias tóxicas para humanos e animais, a partir de seu metabolismo secundário, denominam-se fungos toxígenos e os metabólitos produzidos são denominados micotoxinas. Devido a presença de diversas espécies fúngicas toxígenas na lavoura de milho, a ocorrência de um grande número de metabólitos é esperada. Além de ocorrerem em sua forma nativa, micotoxinas podem ocorrer na forma designada mascarada, resultado de alterações em sua estrutura ou de reações químicas com constituintes de plantas, tornando-as indetectáveis para as metodologias de análise convencionalmente empregadas. Em consequência aos prejuízos que as micotoxinas podem causar a saúde humana e animal, legislações estabelecendo limites máximos permitidos de contaminação em alimentos tem sido propostas, porém restritas a um pequeno número de micotoxinas, em parte devido a limitações analíticas e parte em decorrência da escassez de dados de ocorrência natural destes contaminantes na forma nativa e mascarada. Para avaliar a ocorrência de micotoxinas no milho, 148 amostras de milho foram coletadas nos estados pertencentes a região sul do Brasil. Todas as amostras estavam contaminadas com pelo menos 10 metabólitos fúngicos e a maior co-ocorrência detectada em uma mesma amostra foi 51 de compostos. Em todas as amostras de milho analisadas, foram detectadas pelo menos duas micotoxinas listadas na legislação brasileira (fumonisina B1 e fumonisina B2). Além da pesquisa das formas nativas de micotoxinas, foram realizadas análises para determinação de fumonisinas na forma mascarada. Setenta e duas amostras de milho foram analisadas e a concentração de fumonisinas mascaradas encontrada foi até duas vezes maior do que a concentração de fumonisinas na forma nativa. Ademais, uma correlação positiva (R=0.97) foi encontrada entre a concentração de fumonisinas na forma nativa e mascaradas. Baseado nesta correlação, foi gerado um modelo matemático de predição para estimativa da concentração de fumonisinas totais, baseado na medida de fumonisinas na forma nativa. Como consequência a constatação da co-ocorrência a diversas micotoxinas, o desempenho de frangos de corte submetidos a dietas contaminadas com materiais de cultivo fúngico foi avaliado. Peso corporal e conversão alimentar foram significativamente alterados aos 21 dias de experimento no grupo que recebeu dieta contendo maiores concentrações de ácido fusárico. As metodologias analíticas aplicadas permitiram uma primeira abordagem para estudo da co-ocorrência de micotoxinas na sua forma nativa e na forma mascarada em amostras de milho naturalmente contaminadas, coletadas na região sul do Brasil. O efeito negativo sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte observado, demonstrando que a co-ocorrência de micotoxinas do gênero Fusarium tem real impacto na avicultura e requer maior atenção das partes envolvidas.
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Domenico, Adriana Sbardelotto Di. "Qualidade e segurança alimentar do milho em diferentes acondicionamentos de armazenagem." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2014. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/199.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-28Brazil is one of the largest producers of grains, and maize is the second most produced grain in the country. As this cereal is directly related to human and animal food basis, many matters appear on the maintenance of their post-harvest quality, especially during storage, due to the increased attention to food safety. Despite this importance, maize is often stored on farms in inappropriate conditions, exposed to quantitative and qualitative losses, the development of toxigenic fungi and aflatoxin contamination, a substance capable of causing severe damage to human and animal health, as well as many agribusiness losses. The objective of this research was evaluating storage alternatives viable to farms through two storage experiments (2012 winter crop 2012/2013 summer harvests), for assessment of the quality of stored maize in different packings for 12 months. The experimental design was a 4 x 5 factorial, whose factors were four types of packaging storage (conventional sacks, bags hermetically sealed, metallic silo and cobs) and five time periods (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). Two maize hybrids (2B688RR, 30K73Hx) cultivated in the region of the town of Dois Vizinhos were used, in the southwest of Paraná. The storage was conducted in ambient conditions and the following parameters were evaluated: water content, ash, protein, fat, grains without defects, volumetric weight, one-thousand grains weight, counting of Aspergillus sp, Fusarium sp, Penicillium sp, total of molds and yeasts and occurrence of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2). The results obtained in each experiment, when attended the presuppositions of the mathematical model, were evaluated by use of analysis of variance and differences between means (p<0.05) by Tukey test at 5% significance level, and when not attended them, by Kruskal-Wallis also at 5% significance level. Furthermore, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was done to determine which of the variables evaluated was responsible for the largest variations in the quality of stored maize. It was found in both storages that maize kernels placed in sealed bags presented the lowest water content. Also that regardless of packaging and hybrid maize, there were an increase in ash content of grains and the decrease of the percentage of grains without defects and volumetric weight. It was detected the incidence of Aspergillus sp. Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp., respectively 20.37, 86.11 and 94.44% of the samples of maize season winter storage, and in 83.3, 91.6 and 90.07% of the samples from the summer season storage. Aspergillus sp. was only detected after 3 months of storage in the first experiment, while in the second since harvesting. The occurrence of Fusarium sp. tended to decrease during storage, and Penicillium sp. was higher in corn conditioning in cobs. There was no influence of types of packaging and storage time on the occurrence of Aspergillus sp. and aflatoxins in maize season winter storage. However, the conditioning in maize cobs of season storage summer had the lowest count of Aspergillus sp. and did not present aflatoxin. Aflatoxins (B1+B2+G1+G2) detected ranged from 2.77 to 14.45 μg kg-1 and from 3.03 to 197.51 μg kg-1 respectively in the maize storage winter and summer. Besides this, none of the samples of the first storage showed contamination higher than 20 μg kg-1, while in the second 41 samples presented higher values. The results are due to the different climatic conditions of the periods of cultivation of hybrid maize (summer and winter seasons) and storage experiments, the disparity in the incidence of Aspergillus sp. and aflatoxin contamination. The conclusion is that by ACP all variables assessed in this study are important for the quality of stored maize.
O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de grãos e o milho é o segundo grão mais produzido no país. Como este cereal está diretamente relacionado à base alimentar humana e animal, surgem muitas preocupações a respeito da manutenção de sua qualidade no pós-colheita, em especial ao longo do armazenamento, com aumento das atenções à segurança alimentar. Apesar disso, muitas vezes o milho é armazenado nas propriedades rurais, em condições inadequadas, exposto a perdas quantitativas e qualitativas, ao desenvolvimento de fungos toxigênicos e à contaminação por aflatoxinas, substância capaz de causar graves danos à saúde humana e animal, além de inúmeros prejuízos agropecuários. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alternativas de armazenagem, viáveis a propriedades rurais, através de dois experimentos de armazenagem (safra de inverno 2012 e safra de verão 2012/2013), nos quais se avaliou a qualidade do milho armazenado em diferentes acondicionamentos, por 12 meses. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi um fatorial 4 x 5, cujos fatores foram quatro tipos de acondicionamentos de armazenagem (sacarias convencionais, bolsas seladas hermeticamente, silo metálico e espigas) e cinco períodos de tempo (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses). Utilizaram-se dois híbridos de milho (2B688RR, 30K73Hx) cultivados na microrregião de Dois Vizinhos, sudoeste do Paraná. A armazenagem foi realizada em condições ambientais e os parâmetros avaliados foram: teor de água, cinzas, proteínas, lipídios, grãos sem defeitos, peso volumétrico, peso de mil grãos, contagem de Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., total de bolores e leveduras e ocorrência de aflatoxinas (B1, B2, G1 e G2). Os resultados obtidos em cada experimento, quando atendiam às pressuposições do modelo matemático, eram avaliados pelo emprego da análise de variância e as diferenças entre as médias (p < 0,05) pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de significância, quando não, pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, também a 5% de significância. Além disso, realizou-se a análise dos componentes principais (ACP) para verificar quais das variáveis avaliadas, eram responsáveis pelas maiores variações na qualidade do milho armazenado. Verificou-se, em ambos os armazenamentos, que os grãos de milho acondicionados em bolsas herméticas apresentaram o menor teor de água. Independente do acondicionamento e do híbrido de milho houve aumento do conteúdo de cinzas dos grãos, redução da percentagem de grãos sem defeitos e do peso volumétrico. Constatou-se a incidência de Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. e Penicillium sp., respectivamente, em 20,37, 86,11 e 94,44% das amostras de milho do armazenamento safra de inverno; em 83,3, 91,6 e 90,07% das amostras do armazenamento safra de verão, respectivamente. O Aspergillus sp. foi detectado somente aos 3 meses de armazenagem no primeiro experimento, enquanto no segundo desde a colheita. A ocorrência de Fusarium sp. tendeu a diminuir durante a armazenagem e a de Penicillium sp. foi maior no milho acondicionado em espigas. Não houve influência dos tipos de acondicionamentos e do tempo de armazenagem na ocorrência de Aspergillus sp. e de aflatoxinas no milho do armazenamento safra de inverno. Já o milho acondicionado em espigas do armazenamento safra de verão apresentou a menor contagem de Aspergillus sp. e não apresentou aflatoxinas. Os níveis de aflatoxinas (B1+B2+G1+G2) detectados variaram de 2,87 a 14,45 μg kg-1 e de 3,03 a 197,51 μg kg-1, respectivamente no milho dos armazenamentos safra de inverno e safra de verão, além disso, nenhuma das amostras do primeiro armazenamento apresentou contaminação acima de 20 μg kg-1. No segundo armazenamento, 41 amostras apresentaram contaminação. Resultados atribuídos, principalmente, às diferentes condições climáticas dos períodos de cultivo dos híbridos de milho (safra de verão e safra de inverno) e dos experimentos de armazenagem, a disparidade na incidência de Aspergillus sp. e na contaminação por aflatoxinas. Conclui-se, pela ACP, que todas as variáveis aferidas neste trabalho têm importância na qualidade do milho armazenado.
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Golka, Kamil. "Založení čtyřpodlažní obytné budovy v území náchylném k sesouvání." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225570.
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The subject of my thesis is the exploration the landslide, landslide stabilization, design foundation and construct buildings in Brno Bystrc. Attention will be given to slopes safety factor and especially to design four-floor building construction.
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Santos-Donado, Priscila Robertina dos. "Estudo proteômico de variedades de milho (Zea mays L.) obtidas por melhoramento clássico e por recombinação genética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-26012017-141922/.
Abstract:
O melhoramento genético clássico de sementes milho (Zea mays L.) permitiu desenvolver inúmeras variedades, incluindo o milho com qualidade proteica melhorada (Quality Protein Maize, QPM), que visava aumentar os teores proteicos e as propriedades nutricionais. Por outro lado, novas variedades comerciais foram obtidas por vegetais geneticamente modificados (GM), com foco em parâmetros agronômicos. Em ambos os casos, a segurança dessas variedades para uso como alimento é uma das principais preocupações dos desenvolvedores e dos órgãos de regulamentação. A Equivalência Substancial é a base do sistema de avaliação da segurança de culturas geneticamente modificadas, no entanto alterações na expressão de proteínas não são devidamente analisadas e esclarecidas. As abordagens proteômicas complementam as técnicas de avaliação de biossegurança para alimentos GM, bem como permitem investigar possíveis efeitos indesejáveis derivados do melhoramento clássico. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram caracterizar e comparar os perfis proteicos de variedades de milhos convencionais melhorados (QPM) e geneticamente modificados (GMs), contra suas respectivas linhas convencionais utilizando técnicas proteômicas como eletroforese bidimensional (2-DE) e bottom up shotgun (gel-free). Num primeiro estudo, foram utilizadas três amostras de milho, sendo duas variedades convencionais com QPM (QP1 e QP2) e uma variedade convencional normal (CN). No segundo estudo, foram analisadas duas cultivares de milho GM (GM1 e GM2) e seus respectivos convencionais genitores (CG1 e CG2). As composições químicas de todas as amostras também foram avaliadas quanto a Equivalência Substancial. O extrato bruto proteico foi submetido à análise de eletroforese unidimensional (1-DE), bidimensional (2-DE) e bottom up shotgun (gel-free). As imagens dos mapas proteicos foram analisadas pelo software Image Master 2D Platinum 7.0 (GE). Os spots diferencialmente expressos e selecionados foram sequenciados por MS. Pela composição química das principais frações das amostras de milho foi possível identificar a equivalência substancial entre as amostras convencionais e GMs, bem como QPMs e sua convencional dentro das faixas de variabilidade esperadas da espécie. Nos géis 1-DE foram observadas bandas proteicas com perfis similares entre os grupos de amostras avaliadas para ambos estudos. Nas imagens dos géis 2-DE não houveram alterações extremas entre as amostras de milhos GMs e seus respectivos convencionais genitores (CGs), mas apenas diferenças na intensidade dos spots proteicos. As variedades QPMs e CN apresentaram diferenças devido à distribuição dos spots. Os mapas proteicos das amostras CG1 x GM1 e CG2 x GM2 apresentaram maior semelhança com porcentagens de matchings superiores a 70 %, enquanto as porcentagens de matchings entre variedades diferentes (QPMs e CN) foram menores. No total foram identificadas 219 proteínas das amostras CGs x GMs e QPMs x CN, classificadas quanto aos seus processos biológicos e função molecular. Em conclusão, foram encontradas diferenças entre os cultivares GMs e CGs, indicando uma variação normal entre variedades de milho, que não comprometem a segurança alimentar das amostras estudadas. Quanto às amostras com QPM e CN as diferenças encontradas são devido à sua distância nas linhagens ou germoplasma.The classic genetic breeding of corn seeds (Zea mays) has enabled the development of many varieties, including corn with improved protein quality (Quality Protein Maize, QPM), which aimed to increase protein levels and nutritional properties. On the other hand, new commercial varieties have been obtained out of genetically modified (GM) vegetables, with a focus in agronomic parameters. In both cases, the safety of these varieties for food use is one of the main concerns for the developers and for the regulatory agencies. Substantial Equivalence is the basis of the safety evaluation system for genetically modified crops, however, alterations in the protein expressions are not been properly analyzed and clarified. The protein approaches complement the techniques of biosafety evaluation for GM foods, as well as allow for possible undesirable effects derived from classic improvement to be investigated. The goals of the current studies were to characterize and compare the protein profiles of the different varieties of conventionally improved (QPM) and genetically modified (GM) corn, against their respective conventional lines using proteomic techniques, such as, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), bottom up shotgun (gel-free) and masses spectrometry (MS). In a first instance of the study, three samples of corn were used, two of conventional varieties with QPM (QP1 and QP2) and one conventional normal variety (CN). In a second instance of the study, two cultures of GM corn (GM1 and GM2) were analyzed and their respective conventional genitors (CG1 and CG2). The chemical compositions of all the samples were also evaluated for their Substantial Equivalence. The protein raw extract was submitted to analysis of one-dimensional (1-DE), two-dimensional (2-DE) electrophoresis, and bottom up shotgun (gel-free). The protein image maps were analyzed by the Image Master 2D Platinum 7.0 (GE) software. The spots which were expressed and selected differentially were sequenced by MS. By the chemical composition of the main fractions of the samples of corn, it was possible to identify the substantial equivalence between the conventional samples and GMs, likewise with OPMs and their conventional in the ranges of variability which were expected for the species. On the 1-DE gel, it was observed protein bands with similar profiles amongst the groups of evaluated samples for both studies. In the images of the 2-DE gel, there were no alterations between the GM corn and their respective conventional genitors (CGs), but only differences in intensity of the protein spots. The OPM and CN varieties presented differences due to the distribution of the spots. The protein maps of samples CG1 vs. GM1 and CG2 vs. GM2 presented greater similarities with the percentages of matchings superior to 70%, while the percentage of matchings among different varieties (QPMs and CN) were smaller. In total, there were 219 proteins identified in the samples CGs vs. GMs and QPMs vs. CN, classified by the biologic processes and molecular function. In conclusion, there were found differences between the cultures of GMs and CGs, indicating a normal variation among the corn varieties, which do not affect the food security of the studied samples. As per the samples with QPM and CN, the differences found were due to the line distances or germplasm.
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Štainerová, Lenka. "Návrh zajištění hlubokého zářezu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227640.
Abstract:
The aim is to design economical and above all safe securing a deep notch, both in the construction phase and throughout the use of the building. In the first part of the thesis Background research will be given an idea of the construction of the geotechnical point of view. The second part will contain the geotechnical design calculation. The third part will be proposed safety recommendations in terms of geotechnical monitoring.
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Jalkebo, Charlotte. "Placement of Controls in Construction Equipment Using Operators´Sitting Postures : Process and Recommendations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108980.
Abstract:
An ergonomically designed work environment may decrease work related musculoskeletal disorders, lead to less sick leaves and increase production time for operators and companies all around the world. Volvo Construction Equipment wants to deepen the knowledge and investigate more carefully how operators are actually sitting whilst operating the machines, how this affects placement of controls and furthermore optimize controls placements accordingly. The purpose is to enhance their product development process by suggesting guidelines for control placement with improved ergonomics based on operators’ sitting postures. The goal is to deliver a process which identifies and transfers sitting postures to RAMSIS and uses them for control placement recommendations in the cab and operator environments. Delimitations concerns: physical ergonomics, 80% usability of the resulted process on the machine types, and the level of detail for controls and their placements. Research, analysis, interviews, test driving of machines, video recordings of operators and the ergonomic software RAMSIS has served as base for analysis. The analysis led to (i) the conclusion that sitting postures affect optimal ergonomic placement of controls, though not ISO-standards, (ii) the conclusion that RAMSIS heavy truck postures does not seem to correspond to Volvo CE’s operators’ sitting postures and (iii) and to an advanced engineering project process suitable for all machine types and applicable in the product development process. The result can also be used for other machines than construction equipment. The resulted process consists of three independent sub-processes with step by step explanations and recommendations of; (i) what information that needs to be gathered, (ii) how to identify and transfer sitting postures into RAMSIS, (iii) how to use RAMSIS to create e design aid for recommended control placement. The thesis also contains additional enhancements to Volvo CE’s product development process with focus on ergonomics. A conclusion is that the use of motion capture could not be verified to work for Volvo Construction Equipment, though it was verified that if motion capture works, the process works. Another conclusion is that the suggested body landmarks not could be verified that they are all needed for this purpose except for those needed for control placement. Though they are based on previous sitting posture identification in vehicles and only those that also occur in RAMSIS are recommended, and therefore they can be used. This thesis also questions the most important parameters for interior vehicle design (hip- and eye locations) and suggests that shoulder locations are just as important. The thesis concluded five parameters for control categorization, and added seven categories in addition to those mentioned in the ISO-standards. Other contradictions and loopholes in the ISO-standards were identified, highlighted and discussed. Suggestions for improving the ergonomic analyses in RAMSIS can also be found in this report. More future research mentioned is more details on control placement as well as research regarding sitting postures are suggested. If the resulted process is delimited to concern upper body postures, other methods for posture identification may be used.
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Jun, Martin. "Rekonstrukce restaurace s nástavbou ubytovacích prostor." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226411.
Abstract:
Diploma thesis "Reconstruction of Restaurant with Housing Facilities Extension" is processed in the form of project documentation for building construction according to the applicable regulations (Act No. 183/2006 Coll., On Zoning and Building Regulations, including subsequent amendments). The project deals with the reconstruction of the existing restaurant building in the village Lísek, No. 89. The building is located on plot No. 49 in the cadastral Lhota u Lisku. Floor plan of the existing building is in rectangular shape with almost the unused basement and a deck above. The 1st underground floor is currently used only technical room and garage. In the 1st floor there is the sales area of restaurant, large kitchen and rooms for staff. Existing structures do not show signs of major damage. Reconstruction is not due to the technical condition of the building, but due to operationally unsatisfactory disposition and investor requiring to create an accommodation capacity. The requirement was to build new rooms to accommodate 24 persons. The supporting structural system of the 2nd floor is designed of ceramic bricks and 3rd floor due to the resistance of existing constructions is newly designed as wooden sandwich. The window openings are fitted with a six-chamber windows with triple insulation. Horizontally extension of the existing building corresponds to the current object. The roof of the building is gabled with dormers lighting the rooms in the 3rd floor. The building is designed so that even after the reconstruction match an existing installation. Part of building construction works is also landscaping. Due to the partial change in purpose of the building was necessary to design a suitable parking space with adequate capacity.
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Výborný, Václav. "Příprava realizace polyfunkčního domu v Pardubicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240493.
Abstract:
The main contens of the thesis is solving a construction-technological project substructure and the upper shell construction of a polyfunctional building in Pardubice. Excavation and foundation work are done in section A and B1 and B2. Drilled piles are foundation of a polyfunctional building. Drilled piles are support of reinforced concrete grillage, which are from strips foundation and foundation pads. Cast-in-place concrete frame is a form of load-bearing structure, which contens plate ceilings, pillars and walls. Peripheral masonry is from hellow clay blocks, which are between cast-in-place concrete frame. Diploma thesis includes technical report, plan of building side, schedule and the budget of the building, technological instructions, radon prevent, control and testing plan, safety, balance resources, selected constructional details, machinery composition, bill of quantities.
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Anggriawan, Riyan. "Microbiological and Food Safety Aspects of Tempeh Production in Indonesia." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E395-C.
Books on the topic "Safet Zec":
1
Zec, Safet. Safet Zec: Capolavori senza tempo. Milano: Skira, 2012.
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Giuffrè, Guido. Safet Zec: Works from 1959 to 1998. Zagreb: Art studio Azinović, 1999.
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Xing, Tao, and Baohua Jia. Er tong zi jiu shi wan ge zen me ban? Beijing: Beijing shao nian er tong chu ban she, 2006.
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Weeks, Kermit. All of life is a school with Gee Bee Zee - the little racer. [United States]: KWIP Publishing, 2007.
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Wang, Ruishan. Zhongguo chuan tong zhi an si xiang yan jiu: Yi "dao zei" wei kao cha dui xiang. 8th ed. Beijing Shi: Fa lü chu ban she, 2016.
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Kunizaki, Nobue. Di zhen le! zhe ge shi hou gai zen me ban?: Di zhen fang zai hui ben. 8th ed. Xinbei Shi Xindian Qu: Yuan zu wen hua shi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 2012.
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Usui, Yoshito. La bi xiao xin fang zai shou ce: Di zhen le! zhi you wo yi ge ren zen me ban? Taibei Shi: Dong li chu ban she you xian gong si, 2015.
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Ichirō, Ōtsuka. Nihon Genshiryoku Hatsuden (Kabu) Tsuruga Hatsudensho 2-gōki de seisakusareru kinshitsu, kin'itsu kokatai no zen [alpha] no sukēringu fakuta no settei henkō ni tsuite: Change of the scaling factor of alpha nuclide on homogeneous and uniform solidified waste produced in Japan Atomic Power Company Tsuruga Nuclear Power Stations unit no. 2. Tōkyō-to Minato-ku: Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban Kikō, 2014.
Book chapters on the topic "Safet Zec":
1
Abel, Gillian, and Catherine Healy. "Sex Worker-Led Provision of Services in New Zealand: Optimising Health and Safety in a Decriminalised Context." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 175–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_10.
Abstract:
AbstractDecriminalisation recognises sex work as work; it provides opportunities for promoting the health of sex workers and therefore goes a long way to addressing health and human rights inequities for this sector of the population. This chapter focuses on three scenarios (among many) where decriminalisation of sex work in New Zealand has been successful in promoting sex workers’ health, safety, and wellbeing and, in so doing, provides a blueprint for best practice in working with sex workers.Although services for sex workers are available in many countries, they tend to focus on street-based sex workers, who are perceived as the most vulnerable and thus most in need. A decriminalised context provides greater access to peer support (Harcourt 2010), which is much better positioned to address the complex needs of all sex workers. It also allows for sex workers to engage with others in the community for more effective policy as well as service provision (O’Neill and Pitcher, Sex work matters: exploring money, power and intimacy in the sex industry, Zed Books, London, 2010). In this chapter, we discuss: How access to police has been improved for sex workers who wish to report sexual assault How decriminalisation has enabled interagency collaboration when working with sex workers who have concerns about practices within certain brothels How new sex workers access information on safe practices in a decriminalised environment We use the research literature from New Zealand and elsewhere to expand on the real-life stories of the engagement between New Zealand Prostitutes Collective and sex workers, agencies, and individuals to illustrate the three scenarios.
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Bruley, Duane F., J. M. Abdallah, M. B. Streiff, S. E. Reeg, C. C. Hasty, K. C. Bruley, M. Duncan, et al. "Two Consecutive Invasive Surgeries Utilizing Zymogen Protein C (ZPC) That Enhanced Patient Safety and Reduced Costs." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 45–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48238-1_7.
3
"Maize (Zea mays)." In Novel Food and Feed Safety, 83–106. OECD, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264180147-8-en.
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"Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays)." In Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, 47–78. OECD Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264053465-4-en.
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"Section 3 - Maize (ZEA MAYS SUBSP. MAYS)." In Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, Volume 1, 47–78. OECD, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264095380-6-en.
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Csogi, R. D. "The construction of the new Tappan Zee Bridge." In Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges, 1860–66. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315189390-253.
Conference papers on the topic "Safet Zec":
1
Ueta, Shohei, Jun Aihara, Minoru Goto, Yukio Tachibana, and Koji Okamoto. "Development of Security and Safety Fuel for Pu-Burner HTGR: Part 5 — Test and Characterization for ZrC Coating." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67530.
Abstract:
To develop the security and safety fuel (3S-TRISO fuel) for Pu-burner high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), R&D on zirconium carbide (ZrC) directly coated on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been started in the Japanese fiscal year 2015. As results of the direct coating test of ZrC on the dummy YSZ particle, ZrC layers with 18–21 microns of thicknesses have been obtained with 0.1 kg of particle loading weight. No deterioration of YSZ exposed by source gases of ZrC bromide process was observed by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) observation.
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Goto, Minoru, Shohei Ueta, Jun Aihara, Yoshitomo Inaba, Yuji Fukaya, Yukio Tachibana, and Koji Okamoto. "Development of Security and Safety Fuel for Pu-Burner HTGR: Part 2 — Design Study of Fuel and Reactor Core." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67110.
Abstract:
JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) has conducted feasibility studies of the fuel and of the reactor core for the plutonium-burner HTGR (High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor). The increase of the internal pressure, which is caused by generations of CO gas and stable noble gases, is considered to be the one of the major causes of TRISO (TRI-structural ISO-tropic) fuel failure at high burn-up. The CO gas is generated by the chemical reaction of the graphite making up the buffer layer with the free-oxygen released from the fuel kernel by fission. The stable noble gases, which are fission products, are also released from the fuel kernel. Although it is considered very difficult to suppress the increase of the partial pressure of the stable noble gases because of its chemically inert nature, the increase of the CO gas partial pressure can be suppressed by reducing the free-oxygen mole concentration using a chemical reaction. ZrC acts an oxygen getter, which reduces the free-oxygen generated with fission reaction. An increase of the CO gas partial pressure with burn-up in a TRISO fuel is expected to be suppressed by coating ZrC on a fuel kernel. A PuO2-YSZ (Yttria Stabilized Zirconia) fuel kernel with a ZrC coating, which enhances safety, security and safeguard, namely: 3S-TRISO fuel, was proposed to introduce to the plutonium-burner HTGR. In this study, the efficiency of the ZrC coating as the free-oxygen getter under a HTGR temperature condition was examined based on a thermochemical calculation. A preliminary feasibility study on the 3S-TRISO fuel that enables to attain a high burn-up around 500 GWd/t was also conducted focusing on a fuel failure caused by an increase of the internal pressure. Additionally, a preliminary nuclear analysis was conducted for the plutonium-burner HTGR with a fuel shuffling in the radial direction. As a result, the thermochemical calculation result showed that all the amount of the free-oxygen is captured by a thin ZrC coating under 1600°C condition. The plutonium-burner HTGR will be designed to suppress fuel temperature to be lower than 1600°C under severe accident conditions, and hence it was confirmed that coating ZrC on the fuel kernel is very effective method to suppress the internal pressure. The internal pressure the 3S-TRISO fuel at 500 GWd/t is calculated to be lower than 60 MPa, which allows to prevent the fuel failure, and hence the feasibility of the 3S-TRISO fuel was also confirmed. Additionally, the results of the whole core burn-up calculations showed that the fuel shuffling in the radial direction allows to achieve the high burn-up around 500 GWd/t. It also showed that the temperature coefficient of reactivity is negative value during the rated power condition through the operation period.
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Gaffin, Neal, Tom Crotzer, Brian Ade, and Brain Jolly. "ZrC Chemical Vapor Deposition Capabilities at Ultra Safe Nuclear." In Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS 2023). Illinois: American Nuclear Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nets23-41925.
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Saiki, Yohei, Masaki Honda, Masashi Takahashi, Koichi Ohira, and Koji Okamoto. "Development of Security and Safety Fuel for Pu-Burner HTGR: Part 4 — Study on 3S-TRISO Fuel Fabrication." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67048.
Abstract:
In order to develop 3S-TRISO fuel for Pu-burner High Temperature Gas Reactor (HTGR), we conducted lab. scale experiments such as preparation test of simulated fuel kernel; CeO2-YSZ particle, and coating pre-test with simulated kernel. In the preparation test, based on the actual achievement of manufacturing fuel for High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR)[1], we tried to fabricate some CeO2-YSZ particles through external gelation process. As a result, we successfully obtained the manufacturing parameters that can prepare good particles. In addition, we carried out some parametric coating test with fluidized-bed equipment and ZrO2 particle as simulated ZrC coated fuel kernel, and obtained the prospect of the possibility to coat the layer having desired thickness.
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Russell, Stanley, Mark Weston, Yogi Goswami, and Matthew Doll. "Flex House." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54549.
Abstract:
Flex House is a flexible, modular, pre-fabricated zero energy building that can be mass produced and adapted easily to a variety of site conditions and plan configurations. The key factor shaping the design is central Florida’s hot humid climate and intense solar radiation. Flex house combines the wisdom of vernacular Florida houses with state of the art Zero Energy House technologies (ZEH.) A combined system of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal concentrating panels take advantage of the region’s abundant insolation in providing clean renewable energy for the house. Conservation is achieved with state of the art mechanical systems and innovative liquid desiccant dehumidification technology along with highly efficient lighting and appliances. The hybrid nature of the Flex house allows for both an open and closed system to take advantage of the seasonal temperature variation. Central Florida buildings can conserve energy by allowing natural ventilation to take advantage of passive cooling in the mild months of the year and use a closed system to utilize mechanical cooling when temperatures are too high for passive cooling strategies. The building envelope works equally well throughout the year combining an optimum level of insulation, resistance to air infiltration, transparency for daylight, and flexibility that allows for opening and closing of the house. Flex House is designed with a strong connection between interior spaces and the outdoors with carefully placed fenestration and a movable wall system which enables the house to transform in response to the temperature variations throughout the year. The house also addresses the massive heat gain that occurs through the roof, which can generate temperatures in excess of 140 degrees. Flex House incorporates a parasol-like outer structure that shades the roof, walls and courtyard minimizing heat gain through the building envelope. To be implemented on a large scale, ZEH must be affordable for people earning a moderate income. Site built construction is time consuming and wasteful and results in higher costs. Building homes in a controlled environment can reduce material waste, and construction costs while increasing efficiency. Pre-fabricating Flex House minimizes preparation time, waste and safety concerns and maximizes economy, quality control, efficiency and safety during the construction process. This paper is an account of the design and construction of Flex House, a ZEH for central Florida’s hot humid climate.
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Shao, Xuejiao, Hai Xie, Furui Xiong, Xiaolong Fu, Jun Tian, Ying Zhang, Kaikai Shi, and Mingda Yu. "Comparative Research on Nonlinear Analysis Method Technique for the Failure Modes Based on RCC-M Annex ZC." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-62035.
Abstract:
Abstract In the evaluation of nuclear equipment, if the elastic analysis cannot meet the corresponding design criteria, the nonlinear analysis should be adopted to assess the safety of equipment. A new nonlinear calculations appendix is supplied in RCC-M 2017 edition annex ZC to secure the nonlinear F.E. calculation performance. In this paper, the failure modes of nuclear engineering structure are discussed. In order to ensure the safe operation of the structure, the corresponding evaluation criteria formulated by RCC-M code are proposed. Based on the annex ZC of RCC-M 2017 edition, three kinds of nonlinear analysis methods, including limit analysis, plastic analysis and cycle analysis, are studied. The austenitic stainless steel typical nozzle model is used to carry out the finite element calculation. The effect on the limit load is compared between the limit load method of perfect elastoplastic analysis and the secant method of the elastoplastic analysis. The influence of the strain range method and the modified Ke method on the fatigue calculation results is also discussed. The strain range can be determined by monotonic calculation or cyclic calculation. The two kinds of approach are implemented in the elastic plastic fatigue calculation. Compared with the simplified elastic plastic fatigue results, using Ke method to calculate elastic-plastic fatigue can reduce the conservatism of the results.
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Elias, Ramon, and Mason Medizade. "Orcutt Field Thermal Diatomite Case Study: Matrix Flow Cyclic Steam Injection in the Careaga Lease, Santa Barbara County, California." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209274-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract This study updates a case history presented in 2013 (SPE 165321-MS) involving cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) in Santa Maria Energy's (SME) opal A diatomite project in the Orcutt field, Santa Barbara County, California. Recent steam injection data from a newer deviated CSS producer drilled in 2019 on 1.2 acre spacing situated immediately north of the original 20-vertical well project is analyzed and discussed. Oil is produced from the project using matrix flow steam injection. Discussed is the continued success seen with steam injection tracking and monitoring using modified Hall plots and their derivatives. Matrix flow is validated and enables simple analytical calculations to be used for determining a host of parameters including steam zone flow capacity, kh, steam injection rates that avoid formation parting, and the zone of endangering influence (ZEI) needed for UIC approvals. Evidence of pore dilation and unavoidable skin effects are also discussed. Modified Hall plots provide an alternative method for determining the formation parting flow rate (FPR) instead of the formation parting pressure (FPP) since step-rate tests for pressure are not reliable (SPE 169513-MS). An actual CSS well case history is used. This study shows there to be a wide range of diatomite steam zone injection conditions that do not cause parting or fracturing of the diatomite by steam. The real -time Hall plots used to continuously track and monitor safe CSS steam injection also provide valuable insights as to how injection zone properties change as the project matures. The project monitoring protocols originally described in our 2013 paper continue to be used with safe and reliable outcomes confirmed by thousands of successful project CSS injection operations. This project has not produced any out of zone break outs since the start of steam injection in 2009.
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Tan, Yu, Xuejiao Shao, Enming Liang, Shuchun Zuo, Feng Lv, Thomas Metais, and Han Liu. "Overview of AFCEN Non-Linear Benchmark in China – Improving Rules for Vessel Ratcheting Evaluation." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93561.
Abstract:
Abstract The French nuclear standard, RCC-M 2017 edition, has seen the inclusion of an Appendix on non-linear calculation methods: the Appendix ZC. This non-mandatory Appendix encompasses a set of rules and guidelines which can help the designer perform non-linear analyses. It includes the definition of models adequate to use, fatigue Ke factor optimization methods, etc... In fatigue analyses per the RCC-M B-3200 paragraph, rules on thermal ratcheting limits are exposed in paragraph B-3234.8. These rules aim at limiting any thermal ratcheting of the structure and the criteria exposed are sometimes difficult to meet, even though there is no threat to safe operation of the concerned equipment. Non-linear analyses in this case could be used to help meet the criteria but would need extra rules to be defined: these are considered to be added to the Appendix ZC. In early 2019, an international benchmark effort was launched on this topic. The case is a typical nozzle geometry subjected to both thermal and pressure transients. In China, some main nuclear entities have taken part in this benchmark effort: NPIC, SNPI, CNPDC and CNPE, along with the coordination of EDF and Yuansuan. • let participants get familiar with the benchmark and performing linear elastic calculations along with simplified RCC-M code evaluation methods. The outcome is a participant comparison of the respect or not of the code criteria. • perform an analysis based first on one’s own parameter identification and an Armstrong-Frederick model (with 1 and 2 parameters) and then perform the comparison with a common set of parameters. • use a defined cyclic stress-strain curve including full hysteresis loops to derive a common identification methodology and compare results. This paper aims at providing the public with a progress of the benchmark case (using ANSYS and code_aster software), the Chinese participants findings, and recommendations for the structural integrity community on the first two bullet points above.
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Joulin, C., F. Lagarde, and T. H. Le Goff. "An Open-Access Well Integrity Tool to Study Legacy Wells Re-Purposed for CO2 Injection." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0980.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT: This work presents a well integrity tool based on an analytical model describing the thermo-poroelastic behaviour of wells in the so-called drained conditions and plane-strain conditions. The analytical model takes into account the pore pressure, uniform temperatures changes across the well and the cement’s initial state of stress. The well integrity tool estimates the potential for debonding, tensile and shear fracturing of the rock and the cement sheath using computed stress profiles and the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The tool is suited to study vertical well sections consisting of a single casing and cement sheath inside a porous or non-porous rock formation. The tool is built within a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to make it as accessible, portable and flexible as possible. Furthermore, this work also presents an integrity analysis of a characteristic gas production well re-purposed for CO2 injection. This investigation covers the construction of the well, reservoir depletion, CO2 injection and long-term storage conditions. This demonstrates the type of data necessary for the tool to function, the different results and outputs that may be expected and the type of conclusions that may be drawn from them. This work is part of wider efforts by TotalEnergies to drive the development of safe CO2 storage technology and in particular to progress the understanding of well integrity loss mechanisms. 1 INTRODUCTION Storing CO2 in depleted oil & gas fields (DOGF) can help meet climate targets by enabling faster and cheaper deployment of geological carbon storage projects in comparison to saline aquifer storage. Indeed, in the case of DOGF large investments have already been made and can be capitalised on. This includes data acquisitions campaigns, reservoir characterisation studies, and construction of exploration, production and monitoring wells. According to the International Energy Agency’s Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme and the Zero Emissions Platform IEAGHG and ZEP (2011), the total costs associated with CO2 storage could be cut by half when using depleted reservoirs instead of saline aquifers. Furthermore, if the existing legacy wells which are already present in depleted reservoirs can be repurposed for the injection of CO2, additional cost-reductions could be achieved and the deployment of carbon storage projects accelerated.
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Métais, Thomas, Sarah Plessis, and Julien Miralles. "Validation of the New Post-RCCM Option From Code_Aster Through Benchmark Comparisons With Other Industrial Codes." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65336.
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Fatigue is identified as a significant degradation mode that affects nuclear power plants world-wide. The various international codes and standards (ASME, RCC-M, JSME, etc...) offer rules to predict its damaging effect on the locations of the various components of an NPP. These rules, which ensure conservatism and safe operation, have grown in complexity over the years because they have integrated R&D results showing aggravating effects (such as PWR environment degradation) that were not explicitly included in the original analyses (such as Environmental Assisted Fatigue [1] [2]) but also because an economically viable design of components has required optimization and refinement of mechanical assessment methods. EDF has been developing since 1989 its own in-house FEA code baptised code_aster that is included in the Salome-Meca mechanical package. Salome-Meca is open-access and can be used freely by international users. It is continuously improved with a release at a rate of one new software version per year and it integrates the most recent results obtained by the EDF R&D, in fields as broad as fracture mechanics, XFEM and fatigue. The fatigue post-processing in code_aster offers a span of criteria (Dang Van, Stress Intensity, etc...) to pick and choose from and even offers the possibility to make up owns one fatigue criteria. It also offers the possibility to post-process fatigue according to the RCC-M rules: this is implemented in code_aster through the so-called POST_RCCM operator. Recent developments have enabled EDF to update the POST_RCCM operator in order to bridge the gap with modern fatigue industrial codes. The update effort has included in particular the development of a new option to evaluate fatigue for nozzles according to the RCC-M Annex ZE-200 as well as the clarification of the methodologies used for combining time points and transients. In addition, POST_RCCM includes the possibility to perform calculations with integration of environmental effects, with significant freedom to design one’s own corrections. The option is even left open to integrate a correction per the methodology proposed in [2]. The overall work scope and progress as of early 2016 was reported in [3] and is now in its validation phase. The validation of a fatigue computer code is not an easy task as the full validation using hand calculations would be a highly tedious effort, given the technicality and the multiple choices to make along the various steps of the fatigue analysis. As a result, an accepted way of validating the results obtained with a given code is to perform a benchmark analysis against another industrial fatigue code. This strategy was adopted for the validation of the new POST_RCCM functionalities and this paper presents the work performed and the results obtained.