Academic literature on the topic 'Safaris Africa'
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Journal articles on the topic "Safaris Africa"
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Hodgson, Evelyn, Nicola J. Rooney, and Jo Hockenhull. "Preliminary Behavioural Observations of Horseback Safaris: Initial Insights into the Welfare Implications for Horses and Herbivorous Plains Game Species." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 11, 2022): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040441.
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In Africa, wildlife-watching experiences create substantial revenue from tourists that can finance wildlife conservation. Horseback safaris, where an experienced guide takes guests through the bush on horseback to observe plains game species, are a popular activity. Close encounters between ridden horses and game species are unnatural and potentially stressful situations, and horseback safaris may have adverse impacts on both the horses and the wildlife they have come to observe. This study aims to provide a preliminary insight into the behavioural responses of horses and herbivorous plains game species, including giraffe, zebra and impala, as a proxy measure of the potential welfare implications of horseback safaris. Seventeen group safari rides were observed encompassing 72 encounters with plains game species. Game species differed in their response to encounters with the horseback safari ride. Equine response behaviour appeared to be influenced by the species of game encountered. Horses seemed more wary of giraffe than other species, with a higher percentage of horses showing stationary and retreat behaviour at the start of giraffe encounters. They were also most likely to shy at giraffe. The behavioural responses suggest that game encounters can elicit a stress response in both animal groups, although it is not usually extreme, potentially indicating that some degree of habituation has occurred. Balancing the welfare of both the horses and the plains game species along with tourist preferences may be challenging in this context.
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Payton, Carolyn R., and Kevin Danaher. "Beyond Safaris: A Guide to Building People-to-People Ties with Africa." Journal of Negro Education 61, no. 3 (1992): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2295265.
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Podmore, Francis. "Zimbabwe – The Place for Astronomy at the next Total Solar Eclipse." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 3 (2001): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00001164.
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With clear skies most of the year, low levels of light and industrial pollution and location (we can see 96% of the celestial sphere) Zimbabwe is an excellent place for astronomy. For nearly 100 years a small but dedicated and talented band of amateur astronomers have been making hundreds of observations of occultations and variable stars, and contibuted 10% of the global total of reports to the International Halley Watch. The Astronomical Society of Southern Africa (Harare Centre) is 25 years old and the largest telescopes (mostly ‘home-made’) in the country are owned by members. Active preparations for the next two solar eclipses include site selection, coordination or safaris and free distribution of information packs and over 100 000 eclipse viewers to all schools. If the economy doesn’t collapse, good government and respect for law and order return, the planes keep flying and fuel shortages end, we look forward to welcoming hundreds of eclipse watchers to a dramatic 3 minute spectacle on 21 June 2001.
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Frazzoli, Chiara. "Toxicological Risk Analysis in Data-Poor Countries: A Narrative Approach to Feed an “Awareness Raising—Community Empowerment” Vortex." Medicina 56, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110629.
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Background and objectives: With globalization of culture and products, choices and behaviors associated with the unawareness of toxicological risk factors result in human and environmental toxic exposures along with health disparities. Toxic exposures are risk factors for malnutrition and diseases, impairing the chances of being healthy and having a healthy adulthood for current and next generation(s). Increasing research funds, infrastructures, analytical data and risk assessment is a reality well worth attention in sub-Saharan Africa. These countries are still unprotected nowadays and are particularly exposed and data-poor in respect to risk factors (e.g., neurotoxicants, immunotoxicants and endocrine disruptors). This paper presents how—based on scientific literature—low-resource countries may achieve more with less. As one of the world’s most important emerging markets, Africa can, and should, assess the benefits and risks of modernity versus tradition and ask for safe and quality products at affordable prices while producing safe and nutritious foods. Materials and Methods: Exempla and experiences of risk analysis based on participant observation in field anthropological research, consumer safaris and reportages in the field of food safety, environmental health and consumer products are discussed in terms of “narrative prevention” and its power to highlight previously unrecognized/overlooked real-life risk scenarios. Knowledge return initiatives are discussed in light of their power to feed awareness raising, informed choice and empowerment of communities. Results: In some cases, data exist but remain too sparse, unknown or underused; in other cases, the information is totally neglected. When there is international scientific evidence, a diagnostic risk assessment is feasible. Despite significant resource constraints, properly science-driven targeted reportages in data-poor countries can bridge the gaps between international scientific knowledge and the implementation of relevant findings in an “awareness-empowerment vortex”. When a clear message promoting healthy choices and behaviors is given, African communities are ready to respond. Conclusions: Poor skills are an avoidable consequence of low national income. Narrative prevention does not replace scientific research but stimulates scientific research and toxicological risk analysis during the ongoing risk transition in Africa. While African populations increasingly aspire to improve life expectancy in health, increasing exposure to such new health risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa needs top-down choices for diseases prevention, One Health, as well as public awareness and empowerment towards everyday habits and health protective choices.
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DE LUNA, KATHRYN M. "INVENTING TRADITIONS: BRITISH SAFARIS - Hunting Africa: British Sport, African Knowledge and the Nature of Empire. By Angela Thompsell . New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. Pp. xiii + 229. $100.00, hardback (ISBN 9781137494429)." Journal of African History 58, no. 3 (October 19, 2017): 512–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853717000457.
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Cox, John L. "An East African safari." Psychiatric Bulletin 13, no. 1 (January 1989): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.13.1.25.
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To have been external examiner for the Masters Degree in Psychiatry (M Med) of the University of Nairobi for the last three years was an unusually stimulating opportunity, not only for a ‘busman's holiday’ (as my registrar called it) and a ‘good enough’ reason for a return to Africa, but it also enabled me to contribute again to training East African psychiatrists – a task which I first undertook in 1972 when a lecturer at Makerere University in Uganda. Because of the civil wars in Uganda, however, the Department of Psychiatry in neighbouring Kenya has now flourished and become one of the most substantial Departments in Central and Southern Africa. The Department, which includes one ‘full’ professor, two associate professors, four lecturers, two tutorial fellows, will soon have its own teaching in Kenyatta National Hospital as well as accommodation at the Mathari Mental Hospital, made famous by the pioneer observations of Carothers. In addition to its commitment to postgraduate training the Department provides three months teaching for other doctors taking an M Med in Medicine and Paediatrics and also teaches 150 medical students each year.
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Verdcourt, B., L. J. G. van der Maesen, X. M. van der Burgt, and J. M. van Medenbach de Rooy. "African Safari." Biodiversity Letters 3, no. 6 (November 1996): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2999680.
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Valenti, Michael. "Tracking Africa’s Inferno." Mechanical Engineering 122, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2000-dec-6.
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This article focuses on instruments aboard an orbiting satellite and high-flying aircraft study grass fires that straddle a continent. NASA designed its $1.3 billion Terra to be the flagship in a new series of Earth-observing satellites that will study phenomena affecting the climate. The instruments carried by Terra that were most active during the Safari 2000 field experiment were Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MODIS), Multi-Angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR), and Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT). MOPITT accomplishes its mission by using gas correlation spectroscopy to measure rising and reflected infrared radiance in three absorption bands of carbon monoxide and methane. The Terra’s Safari 2000 observations were augmented by measurements taken by instruments aboard several aircraft, including the high-altitude Lockheed-Martin ER-2 that NASA flew from Pietersburg, South Africa, as part of the African field experiment. The South African Weather Bureau contributed two Aerocommander 690A aircraft to Safari 2000. One of the twin-engine, turboprop planes was used for aerosol research, while the other one helped validate the carbon monoxide measurements obtained by MOPITT.
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Grant, Elizabeth. "A Safari in Africa." Contact 141, no. 1 (January 2003): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13520806.2003.11758967.
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Scholte, Paul, Francis Nguimkeng, and Emmanuel Iyah. "Good news from north-central Africa: largest population of Vulnerable common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius is stable." Oryx 51, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315001258.
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AbstractNorth-central Africa (i.e. Cameroon, the Central African Republic and Chad) once held important populations of large mammals, including the hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius. Exports of hippopotamus trophies from Cameroon were suspended in 2012 but the species’ status and population trends remain poorly known. Using the same methodology as in 2000 and 2008, we counted hippopotamuses in Faro National Park and bordering hunting zones in 2014. We counted 685 individuals along 97 km of river, compared with 647 and 525 in 2000 and 2008, respectively. The stability of this population contrasts with the declines in populations of large mammals across north-central Africa. We attribute this conservation success to private efforts (i.e. safari hunting) compensating for a decline in state protection. However, the situation remains fragile, as highlighted by an influx of transhumant cattle and gold diggers. We recommend increasing public–private conservation efforts, including incentives for the safari hunting industry, which is also under pressure.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Safaris Africa"
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Han, Xiliang. "An examination of international trophy hunters' South African hunting experiences." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1244.
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The diversity of wildlife resources and the highly-developed trophy hunting and game ranching industry make South Africa a sought-after destination for travelling hunters. Significant economic, social and ecological benefits result from the annual visits of 16 000 hunters. These benefits, in turn, accelerate industry competition. To maintain or increase the clientele base, hunting providers should continue to manage and improve their clients’ safari experiences. This research investigated visiting hunters’ South African safari experiences by measuring their perceptions of service quality, satisfaction and behavioural intention. The results of the research could assist hunting providers in identifying areas where service expectations are not met and understanding the impact of service quality and satisfaction on clients’ loyalty. The literature study contextualised the South African trophy hunting industry within the tourism environment, the realms of wildlife tourism, and the characteristics of hunting tourism. An overview of tourism services, service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioural intention was also provided. The resulting conceptual model hypothesised relationships among the safari experience variables (service quality, satisfaction and behavioural intention). ii The empirical data were collected by means of a mail survey, using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 2 000 foreign hunters who had participated in a South African hunting safari at least once between 2003 and 2007. Two hundred and thirty six completed questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 13.2%. The majority of the hunters were male, aged between 40 and 60 years, and from the United States of America and Europe. Hunters perceived the level of service quality delivery by hunting providers to be relatively high and were generally satisfied with their South African safaris. As a result, they were willing to return for another hunting experience and were very likely to speak positively about their experiences. By performing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, a three-factor (augmented services, core services and supporting services) service quality construct was identified and confirmed. Multiple regression analyses found that core services was the strongest predictor of overall satisfaction; overall satisfaction was significantly related to revisit intention; and revisit intention significantly predicted word-of-mouth intention. An empirical model was accordingly constructed to replace the original conceptual model. iii It is recommended that South African hunting safari providers should: {u10007A} use the suggested measuring instrument to monitor their performance of service quality delivery on a regular basis; {u10007A} train their employees to ensure that they are knowledgeable and well prepared for field guidance and to promote ethical hunting practices; {u10007A} ensure an abundance of game and a wilderness atmosphere in the hunting area; {u10007A} conduct focus group studies to further understand the factors that shape clients’ perceptions of the safari experience; and {u10007A} invest in developing long-term relationships with existing clients.
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Michaud, Maxime. "Chasseurs d’Afrique : safari de chasse et quête du sauvage." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20102.
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Des voyages de la fin du XVIIIe siècle au tourisme cynégétique contemporain, les relations entre l’Europe et le continent africain ont été marquées par la pratique de la chasse. Le terme safari, qui désigne la formalisation dans une activité codifiée de ces séjours de chasse, suffit à incarner une certaine image romantique de l’Afrique sauvage. À travers une ethnographie dans des zones de chasse du nord du Bénin et l’analyse de sources textuelles et iconographiques diverses, il s’agit d’interroger le sens que donnent les chasseurs d’hier et d’aujourd’hui à leur engouement pour le safari de chasse. Lié historiquement au colonialisme, celui-ci peut être interprété comme une forme symbolique d’appropriation, à travers la mise en trophée de l’animal, d’un continent réduit à sa nature sauvage. Mais cette conquête, malgré sa facilité apparente, nécessite toutefois une contextualisation permettant d’actualiser des représentations du sauvage : y compris dans sa version commerciale, le safari ne peut se réduire à l’acquisition d’un trophée à prix d’argent. Les chasseurs associent de plus à leur pratique tout un discours de légitimation tournant autour de l’éthique de la chasse, qui emprunte, de nos jours, à des registres humanitaires ou écologistes. Si le tourisme cynégétique est relativement marginal et contesté dans le monde occidental contemporain, les représentations qui l’accompagnent et le fantasme d’un sauvage à conquérir incarné par le continent africain semblent, pour leur part, particulièrement répandusHunting has had a prominent place in the relations between Europe and the African continent, from the expeditions of the end of the 18th century through to contemporary hunting tourism. The word safari alone, which refers to the formalisation within a codified activity of these hunting trips, evokes a fairly romantic image of wild Africa. Using data from an ethnography in the hunting areas of north Benin, and with the analysis of various textual and iconographic documents, it is worth questioning the meaning that hunters of yesterday and today give to the their infatuation for safari hunting. Historically linked to colonialism, safari hunting can be interpreted as a kind of symbolical appropriation, in the shape of the hunting trophy, of a continent reduced to its wildness. This kind of conquest, however, in spite of its apparent ease, calls for a contextualisation to actualise the representations of the wild; even in its commercial version, a safari cannot be reduced to acquiring a paid-for trophy. Hunters furthermore link their activities to a legitimising discourse revolving around the ethics of hunting, a discourse which, nowadays, borrows from humanitarian or ecological discourses. Even though, on the one hand, hunting tourism is relatively marginal and controversial in the contemporary western world, the representations that go with it and the fantasy of a wilderness to be conquered – embodied by the African continent – are, on the other hand, particularly widespread
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Loader, Rory James. "Impact of poaching on the marketability of safari lodges in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016405.
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This research is presented in three sections. Section 1 presents the research report in an academic paper format. Section 2 provides a comprehensive literature review and Section 3 describes the research methodology and methods employed during the research. The tourism industry is the fastest growing sector within the South African Economy, with over 2.6 million foreign tourists visiting South Africa each year. Wildlife, landscapes and scenery are cited as the primary attractions for visiting the country, with over 45 percent of tourists visiting at least one wildlife or nature reserve during their stay in South Africa (Kerley et al., 2011:2). Sixty percent of those tourists travelled for leisure purposes, with 643,883 of the tourists utilising safari lodge accommodation during their visit (Ruggles-Brise, 2013). The Eastern Cape achieved 3.1 percent; of those tourist arrivals, with a bed-night contribution of 734,339, compared to the 16.8 percent (1.9million) and 10.5 percent (1.07million) for Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces respectively (Ruggles-Brise, 2013). The Eastern Cape lodges represent less than half the bed-nights achieved by Mpumalanga and Limpopo lodges. Due to the number of possible bed-nights available to lodges in the Eastern Cape, it is increasingly important for individual lodges to provide a unique experience, in order to be competitive in attracting guests (Saayman, 2013:81). This was used form part of the foundation to this research in determining the marketability of three lodges in the Eastern Cape, which was derived from the attractiveness of the lodges, determined by guests visiting the lodges. This research follows on from four previous surveys commissioned by INDALO, the Eastern Cape Private Nature Reserve Association in 2004 Sims-Castley et al. 2004), 2006 (Langholz et al., 2006), 2008 (Snowball et al., 2008) and 2011 (Kerley et al., 2011). Part of the research was to identify the main attractions of the reserves. These previous surveys provided a foundation for this research to follow on investigating guest motivations for visiting the three sample lodges and to determine visitor perception of poaching and whether it would impact their motivations for visiting the reserve. In order to address the goals of the research qualitative data was gathered during survey interviews conducted at the three sampled reserves. Seventy five (75) guests were interviewed, equally over the three reserves. Quantitative data was also gathered during the interview surveys, utilising Likert scale questions, prompting guests to choose their top attractions, from which basic descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data being able to determine possible trends amongst respondents and lodges. Results verified guest motivations from the previous surveys, confirming that game viewing, especially the “Big 5” remained the most important attraction for visitors to the reserves while the availability of natural scenery and landscape, high end accommodation and service, the proximity to the garden route and being located in a malaria free area were also see as attractive attributes of the lodges as per the previous surveys. Where the gap in the research was indicated based on guests perception of poaching and whether it would impact their motivations for visit these lodges, impacting that lodges marketability (attractiveness). Results indicated that if they were unable to view the iconic ‘Big Five’ at the reserve due to the extent of poaching. Respondents indicated that the impact would likely and very likely impact their decision to choose the reserves over another reserve that could. Indicating the potential impact that poaching would have on lodges if they were to lose their iconic species which would spell the loss in attractiveness and therefore marketability.
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Hacker, Charlotte. "The Examination of Enrichment Using Space and Food for African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana) at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1547.
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Concern for elephant welfare in zoological facilities has prompted a number of exhibit and management modifications, including those involving enrichment. Knowledge of how these changes impact measures of health and wellbeing, such as elephant movement and behavior, is crucial as the effects of multiple enrichment types and their interactions are largely understudied. The present study used observations and GPS unit collected data to determine the effects of space and food on the walking distance and behavior of thirteen African elephants, whose dominance structure was ascertained by the handlers at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park (SDZSP). This facility has two exhibits of approximately equal size. Three treatments were created to assess the effects of food and space enrichment: (1) access to half of the exhibit with food (Half); (2) access to both yards with food in one yard, or half the total exhibit space (Both/Half); and (3) access to both yards with food in both (Both). To account for mirrored effects, the reverse for Half and Both/Half were also completed. Significant differences across treatments were revealed for average total walking distances, which varied among elephants belonging to different dominance groups. Overall, treatment Both evoked the most diverse behavior. Walking and behavioral data were related, as were walking distances and elephant dominance rank. No such relationships were found between dominance and behavioral measures. The information obtained from this study has direct implications for the management of the SDZSP elephants and could be applicable for elephants at other facilities that consider the choices between increasing the size of exhibits and the use of other forms of enrichment.
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Dreier, Tina, and Rhodes University. "China's African FDI safari : opportunistic exploitation or muturally beneficial to all participants." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001455.
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When implemented within a favourable legislative framework, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can produce domestic growth-enhancing spillovers in host countries. Other potential positive effects include the provision of investment capital, the creation of local employment and the transfer of sophisticated technology or advanced knowledge. African nations in particular have been historically reliant on externally-provided funds. Prevailing low income levels, marginal savings rates and the absence of functioning financial markets necessary to provide local start-up capital continue to keep Africa reliant on foreign inflows. Considering China’s increasing financial commitments to Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) over the last decade, this study examines the state of current Sino-African investment relationships. Specific attention is paid to the outcomes of this strategic bilateral alliance in order to determine whether or not a mutually beneficial investment relationship has evolved. The distinct nature and structure of, the motivation behind and the most significant determinants of Chinese FDI to SSA are all analysed in accordance with traditional FDI theories. A case study approach is used to establish whether China’s contemporary interest in SSA differs from historical investments and to also investigate country-specific commonalities and differences. Of particular relevance to SSA are resource-backed Chinese loans that finance major infrastructure projects in host nations. Interestingly, a lot of the Sino-African investment packages resemble similar deals struck between China and Japan in the 1970s. The results of this study indicate that China’s investment motives seem more diverse than initially expected. Resource-seeking, profit-seeking and market access-seeking reasons appear to be the most important motives. After establishing the Top- Ten recipients of Chinese FDI in SSA, these nations are then classified into three major categories: resource-, oil- or agricultural-rich nations. Undiversified resource- or oil-rich economies are found to have secured the largest shares of Chinese FDI. This study suggests that China’s contemporary “African Safari” is an unconventional way of providing financial assistance. Rather than solely supplying FDI, China finances a diverse mix of instruments, the most important being concessional loans, export credits, zero-interest loans and the establishment of Special Economic Zones. A profound difference to traditional Western investment packages is China’s non-interference approach. Accordingly, Beijing not only refrains from intervening in host countries’ domestic affairs but also refuses to attach formal conditionalties to its loans. China’s “financial safari” into Africa has produced many positive as well as negative effects in host countries. Nevertheless, it would seem that the positive effects outweigh the negative and China’s FDI could contribute to sustainable development in SSA
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Miller, Donald. "Fear and Loathing on the Green Hills of Africa." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2476.
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The purpose of this article is to establish a textual parallel between Hunter S. Thompson`s Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas and Ernest Hemingway`s Green Hills of Africa. Thompson took Hemingway’s novel as a challenge to write under extreme duress. Thompson twisted many passages from Green Hills to fit his own text. He used bitter irony to translate Hemingway`s text into his own “Gonzo” reportage.
Thompson`s friend and traveling companion, Oscar Z. Acosta, is used as an example of how Thompson rewrote Hemingway. Acosta`s Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo is referenced as the nexus of the two novels, making Acosta the primary focus of Thompson`s rewrite. These men, their methods, and their works fit together under Thompson`s pen. Hemingway`s religious, racial, and bestial imagery are included in Thompson`s narrative. However, these images are made ironic and do not plagiarize the original copy.
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Shenton, Dominique. "The effects of COVID-19 on safari tourism in South Luangwa National Park in Zambia." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37698.
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2020 has seen many businesses across all industries struggle and, in some cases, shut down due to the coronavirus pandemic declared in March 2020 by the World Health Organisation. Perhaps the most affected industry was and still is the tourism sector, with a reported 100% of global destinations restricting travel in different senses (UNWTO, 2020). Various adaptation strategies have been adopted by businesses in the tourism industry to curb the negative economic impacts the pandemic has had. Some adaptation strategies that have been implemented in Zambian safari businesses include focusing on the domestic market which has not been a priority in the past. This research investigates some impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Zambian safari industry and analyses some strategies that have been adopted to adapt to said impacts. This has been done through semi-structured interviews with senior staff at four safari lodges in South Luangwa National Park. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on lodges in South Luangwa National Park. It was found that all four lodges that were interviewed faced drastic impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly in that they faced significant financial losses, low occupancy and temporary closure. The findings also showed that they were able to adapt in several ways, with the most significant being the shift from an international market to the emerging domestic market.
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Moloko, Lesego Ernest. "Impact of beryllium reflector ageing on Safari–1 reactor core parameters / L.E. Moloko." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6930.
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The build–up of 6Li and 3He, that is, the strong thermal neutron absorbers or the so called "neutron
poisons", in the beryllium reflector changes the physical characteristics of the reactor, such as
reactivity, neutron spectra, neutron flux level, power distribution, etc.; furthermore,gaseous isotopes
such as 3H and 4He induce swelling and embrittlement of the reflector.
The SAFARI–1 research reactor, operated by Necsa at Pelindaba in South Africa, uses a beryllium
reflector on three sides of the core, consisting of 19 beryllium reflector elements in total. This
MTR went critical in 1965, and the original beryllium reflectors are still used. The individual
neutron irradiation history of each beryllium reflector element, as well as the impact of beryllium
poisoning on reactor parameters, were never well known nor investigated before. Furthermore,
in the OSCAR{3 code system used in predictive neutronic calculations for SAFARI–1, beryllium
reflector burn–up is not accounted for; OSCAR models the beryllium reflector as a non–burnable,
100% pure material. As a result, the poisoning phenomenon is not accounted for. Furthermore,
the criteria and hence the optimum replacement time of the reflector has never been developed.
This study presents detailed calculations, using MCNP, FISPACT and the OSCAR{3 code system,
to quantify the influence of impurities that were originally present in the fresh beryllium reflector,
the beryllium reflector poisoning phenomenon, and further goes on to propose the reflector's
replacement criteria based on the calculated fluence and predicted swelling. Comparisons to
experimental low power flux measurements and effects of safety parameters are also established.
The study concludes that, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the predictive OSCAR code
calculations, beryllium re flector burn–up should undoubtedly be incorporated in the next releases
of OSCAR. Based on this study, the inclusion of the beryllium reflector burn–up chains is planned
for implementation in the currently tested OSCAR–4 code system. In addition to beryllium
reflector poisoning, the replacement criteria of the reflector is developed. It is however crucial
that experimental measurements on the contents of 3H and 4He be conducted and thus swelling
of the reflector be quantifed. In this way the calculated results could be verified and a sound
replacement criteria be developed.
In the absence of experimental measurements on the beryllium reflector, the analysis and
quantifcation of the calculated results is reserved for future studies.Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Kee, Michele Siang-Hwa. "An Old Dragon in a Changing Safari: An Investigation of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa and Its Implications for Beijing's Foreign Policy Goals of 'Non-Intervention’." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/797.
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To feed the voracious economic machine that is China’s economy, Beijing’s foray into the global sphere has become increasingly resource driven. In the past two decades, China’s formation of strategic partnerships has manifested in its symbolic bilateral cooperation with resource-rich actors outside the Western sphere. This being said it is important to explore Chinese foreign direct investments in the developing world, more specifically the critical ties it has fostered in Africa.
Since 1996, Africa has been a key recipient of Chinese FDI. As the bulk of Chinese investments are increasingly directed towards Africa’s more politically volatile states, this Thesis seeks to understand the motivations of Beijing’s outward FDI and the risk management strategies it has developed for the region. Taking into account China’s rise to global power, the author will further investigate whether China’s increasing role in Africa will force the PRC to change its foreign policy goals of ‘non –intervention’ under the pressures of the international community. The author will then purpose that despite increased international scrutiny, structural inadequacies of the Chinese state will be too great an obstacle for any real change in policy.
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Solberg, Anna Marie Solberg. "Tourist Perceptions of their Environmental Impacts in Tanzania." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1498135227020184.
Full textBooks on the topic "Safaris Africa"
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Ian, Johnson, ed. East Africa: Safari in style. Cape Town: Africa Geographic, 2006.
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Jane, Taylor. Fielding's African safaris. New York, N.Y: Fielding Travel Books, 1987.
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(Firm), Wilderness Safaris. Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe: Wilderness adventures. Gaborone]: Wilderness Safaris, 2014.
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(Firm), Wilderness Safaris. Africa. Gaborone]: Wilderness Safaris, 2013.
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Bell, Sally. Safari in Africa. Racine, Wis: Western Pub. Co., 1992.
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Peter Capstick's Africa: A return to the long grass. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987.
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Adventuring in Southern Africa: Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1997.
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Into Africa: The story of the East Africa safari. London: Constable, 1990.
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G, Brown Michael. Zulus and gnomes: Safari in South Africa. Freeman, S. Dak: Pine Hill Press, 1997.
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My Africa: A professional hunter's journey of discovery. Agoura, CA: Trophy Room Books, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Safaris Africa"
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Thompsell, Angela. "‘To Make a Fetish of Roughing It’: Reimagining Hunting in the Age of Safaris, 1900–1914." In Hunting Africa, 134–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137494436_6.
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Keim, Curtis, and Carolyn Somerville. "Safari." In Mistaking Africa, 134–44. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003172024-12.
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Wickler, Wolfgang. "Zum ersten Mal in Afrika." In Wissenschaft auf Safari, 101–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49958-0_9.
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Kim, Young-Chan. "‘Safari Tour’ and Zhou’s Dream of Mao’s Land in Africa." In China and Africa, 23–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47030-6_2.
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Velden, Julia Laura van. "Contrasting safari and bushmeat hunting in Southern Africa." In Protected Areas and Tourism in Southern Africa, 259–70. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003193166-23.
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Saayman, Andrea, and Melville Saayman. "The valuation of elephant sightings in protected areas." In The elephant tourism business, 191–203. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245868.0016.
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Abstract The research presented in this chapter determines the value that tourists on safari in protected areas in South Africa attach to elephant sightings and the relative importance of the elephant sighting compared with the other species in the Big Five. The study also determines whether tourists take the increased poaching of elephants - also in South Africa - into account when revealing their choice. Using information from five surveys conducted at different parks in South Africa from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2019, the elephant was found to be the fourth preferred species in the Big Five. The exception is Addo Elephant National Park, where the elephants are the second most preferred species. To determine the value that tourists attached to a sighting, contingent valuation was used. Although approximately a quarter to a third of respondents indicated positive amounts for a sighting across the years, the mean willingness to pay (WTP) reflects the scarcity of the species. The elephant is relatively abundant in all the parks and, in many instances, much easier to spot than the leopard or lion. It is therefore not surprising that the mean valuation of a sighting is much lower than that of the leopard and lion throughout all the years. Although tougher economic conditions in the country also influence WTP, it was found that tourists to South Africa's National Parks do not yet take the increased poaching of elephants into account when revealing their choice, nor in their valuation.
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Wissenbach, Uwe. "The EU’s Response to China’s Africa Safari: Can Triangular Co-operation Match Needs?" In The Power of the Chinese Dragon, 250–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57449-7_11.
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Hancock, James F. "Monsoon Islam." In Spices, scents and silk: catalysts of world trade, 189–205. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249743.0015.
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Abstract Summarizing how the Ottoman took over the Middle East, the chapters also outlines the boom of the Muslim trade in Europe. Three powerful Muslim empires eventually ringed the Indian Ocean: the Ottomans controlled the Red Sea, the Safavid Dynasty controlled the Persian Gulf route, and the Mughal Empire covered most of India. The chapters also show the flow of the huge Indian Ocean trading network, stating how Muslim communities grew to become trading empires led by powerful sultans who established strong trading by navigating the seas. The terminals of the ocean trade involves: India, Aden, Ormuz, Swahili Coast of Africa, Strait of Malacca and the City of Malacca, Sumatra and Java, Ceylon, and Moluccas. Also, the chapters provide a summary of the ocean trade with Chinese dynasties and other Far East Asian countries.
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Brunette, Gary W., and Jeffrey B. Nemhauser. "Popular Itineraries." In CDC Yellow Book 2020, 535–602. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190928933.003.0010.
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The Rationale for Popular Itineraries Ronnie Henry East Africa: Safaris Karl Neumann Saudi Arabia: Hajj/Umrah Pilgrimage Salim Parker, Joanna Gaines South Africa Gary W. Brunette Tanzania: Kilimanjaro Kevin C. Kain Brazil Joanna Gaines, Ana Carolina Faria e Silva Santelli Cuba Andrea K. Boggild, Linda R. Taggart...
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Lekan, Thomas M. "Thinking Locally, Acting Globally." In Our Gigantic Zoo, 78–104. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199843671.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the frictions that emerged as the Grzimeks spoke on behalf of the world’s animals (and peoples) from their situatedness as celebrity scientists in West Germany. No Room for Wild Animals won over most critics and filmgoers because its doomsday portrayals of African endangerment projected European conservative anxieties about the perceived dark side of the “economic miracle” at home: the social dislocations of urbanization, the loss of traditional ways by mindless consumerism, and the pollution of land and water. The film energized discussions about how citizens of the Federal Republic might escape the diseases of civilization by creating their own national parks and outdoor zoos. The Grzimeks’ portrayals of reckless safaris in Africa, however, riled Germany’s conservation-minded hunters, who accused the pair of dramatizing wildlife endangerment to make a profit. Bernhard triumphed over his critics, but the public debates had raised uncomfortable memories of the German imperial origins of Africa’s game reserves and national parks that appeals to “global heritage” never resolved.
Conference papers on the topic "Safaris Africa"
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Butgereit, Laurie, and Laura Martinus. "On Safari with TensorFlow: Assisting Tourism in Rural Southern Africa Using Machine Learning." In 2018 International Conference on Advances in Big Data, Computing and Data Communication Systems (icABCD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icabcd.2018.8465441.
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Makgopa, B. M., M. Belal, and W. J. Strydom. "Neutronic Characterization of the SAFARI-1 Material Testing Reactor." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58155.
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This work presents a neutronic analysis of the core in the South African Fundamental Atomic Research Installation (SAFARI-1) for future Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) fuel irradiation experiments. Monte Carlo simulation of the core with and without the rig has been performed. The results show a negligibly small reactivity worth of the rig, which is expected, due to the small amount of heavy metal loading in the pebble and the low fuel enrichment. This effect will be further investigated when the rig is extended to include more than one fuel pebble. Results further show perturbations in the neutron and photon flux as well as the power distribution in core position B6. A 50% thermal neutron flux depression is observed in position B6 due to the insertion of the rig. A 60% increase in axial photon heating values is also observed in position B6. The neutron and photon flux and power distributions in the other incore irradiation positions (D6 and F6) are slightly affected by the insertion of this rig. Fluxes and power distributions in positions D6 and F6 will be studied in detail when they are loaded with isotope production rigs.
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"Overview of the Conceptual Design of the Upgraded Neutron Radiography Facility (INDLOVU) at the SAFARI-1 Research Reactor in South Africa." In Neutron Radiography. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644900574-2.
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