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Bussey, Melanie D. "Sacroiliac joint dysfunction in female athletes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ46238.pdf.
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Baria, Dinah. "Sacroiliac Joint Biomechanics and Effects of Fusion." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/466.
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Lumbar spine fusion (LSF) is a common surgical procedure used in the treatment of lower back pain. Numerous studies have been conducted investigating the effects of LSF. Biomechanical studies have found that mechanical changes at adjacent joints create cumulative stress and pain, while clinical studies suggest that many patients develop symptomatic adjacent segmental disease (ASD) following LSF, which may necessitate additional surgery. Recently, ASD pain following LSF has been attributed to accelerated sacroiliac (SI) joint degeneration. Normal SI joints are mobile segments adjacent to the lumbosacral spine articulation and it has been hypothesized that altered biomechanics at the SI joints due to LSF could accelerate degeneration of the joints. The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the biomechanics at the SI joints and to determine whether LSF causes biomechanical changes at the SI joints. Six cadaver pelves were tested in flexion/extension, torsion, double leg compression and single leg compression, under four conditions: 1) intact, 2) after a 360 degree instrumented fusion at L4-5, 3) after a 360 degree instrumented lumbosacral fusion at L4-S1 and 4) after a unilateral SI joint fusion. Anterior and posterior SI joint movements were recorded during the study, along with load/displacement data. This study proved that motion does exist at the SI joints, although it is quite variable between specimens and between right and left SI joints within an individual specimen. It was also determined that changes in biomechanics do occur at the SI joints following fusion (L4-5, L4-S1 and unilateral SI joint fusion). Anteriorly, an overall increase in motion was detected at the SI joints during axial compression as fusions were performed. The posterior SI joints also demonstrated increased motion, however, this increase was detected in all of the parameters tested (flexion/extension, torsion and axial compression). However, due to the small number and variability of specimens tested, significance could not be established. The results of this study may help surgeons make more informed decisions, by being made aware of SI joint degeneration as a possible side effect of fusion surgeries, and taking that into consideration when determining a treatment plan.
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Joukar, Amin. "Gender Specific Sacroiliac Joint Biomechanics: A Finite Element Study." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1503595542705189.
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Lueck, Danielle. "Reliability of sacroiliac joint tests in experienced and inexperienced examiners." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10190.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 94 p. : col. ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Fernandes, Monica Lente. "Relação do exame físico e ultrassonográfico do segmento lombo-sacro-ilíaco e do disco invertebral da articulação lombossacral com desempenho atlético em equinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-07072014-145019/.
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As dores lombares acometem a maioria dos atletas, inclusive os equinos. Somente o exame clínico não é suficiente para identificar a localização exata do foco doloroso. O diagnóstico definitivo só é atingido através da utilização dos meios diagnósticos complementares, neste caso, a ultrassonografia. Caso sejam constatadas anomalias discal lombossacras e/ou artropatias ITLS e/ou SI, o veterinário ainda não é capaz de quantificar a influência destas sobre o desempenho atlético do cavalo de esporte. Face a esta dúvida, objetivou-se estabelecer uma relação entre os achados dos exames físicos e ultrassonográficos, executados em 200 cavalos atletas, de quatro raças diferentes (Trote Francês, Quarto de Milha, Puro Sangue Inglês e Cavalos de Sela Francesa e Brasileiro de Hipismo). Todos os animais estavam em treinamento, participando de provas, e não apresentavam claudicação. Após exame físico, os animais foram avaliados ultrassonograficamente, por via transretal, para visualização do aspecto ventral do disco LS (L6-S1), das articulações intertransversas (ITLS) e sacroilíacas (SI), direitas e esquerdas. Para a avaliação transretal os animais foram colocados em tronco de contenção, não tendo sido observada necessidade de sedação ou emprego de outros métodos físicos. Ato contínuo foi introduzido um transdutor linear de 5-7,5 MHz e imagens do disco lombossacro, das articulações intertransversas lombossacras e sacroilíacas foram obtidas. A determinação do número de animais que apresentavam alterações durante os exames de inspeção, palpação, mobilização e avaliação dinâmica assim como a caracterização dos tipos de anomalias discais (T1, T2, T3 e T4) e artropatias ITLS e SI, sugere que durante a execução do exame físico, cavalos que não apresentem sinais clínicos não devem ser descartados de possuírem algum tipo de anomalia discal lombossacra e/ou atropatias ITLS e/ou SI. Observou-se também que as artropatias SI podem afetar o desempenho dos cavalos de trote atrelado, já para as artropatias ITLS e anomalias LS não houve significância quanto às suas influências aos achados no desempenho.Back pain affects most athletes, including horses. The clinical examination alone is not sufficient to identify the exact location of the painful focus. The definitive diagnosis is only achieved by using complementary diagnostic tools, in the case of this study the ultrasonography. Lumbosacral anomalies and intertransverse lumbosacral and sacroiliac arthropathies, if detected ultrasonographicaly, do not directly input in loss of performance or locomotor impairment. In order to assess this issue, this study aimed to establish a relationship between the findings of physical and ultrasound examinations, performed on 200 horses athletes, from 4 different breeds, French Trotters, Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred Horses and Show Jumpers. After physical examination, the animals were evaluated by a transrectal approach with ultrasonography and the images collected were, ventral aspect of the disc LS (L6-S1), intertransverse joints (ITLS) and sacroiliac (SI), right and left. To perform this evaluation, the animals were placed in the containment trunk with any sedation methods. Immediately thereafter introduced a 5 - 7.5 MHz linear transducer, images of lumbosacral, intertransverse lombossacral and sacroiliac joints were obtained. The determination of number of animals showing abnormalities during clinical examination of inspection, palpation, mobilization and dynamic examination as well as the characterization of the types of disc anomalies (T1, T2, T3 and T4) and arthropathies ITLS and SI, enabled the realization of the following framework, where even the patient, during the execution of the clinical examination, will not provide a positive signals for certain tests, this does not rule out the possibility it has some kind of anomaly in LS joint and/or arthropathy ITLS and/or SI. It was also observed that the arthropathy of SI can affect the performance of French Trotters, and anomalies of ITLS and LS have no significance or influence on athletic performance.
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Levin, Ulla. "Sacroiliac pain-provocation testing in physiotherapy : time and force recording /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-975-7.
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McGrath, Maurice Christopher John, and n/a. "The relationship between the long posterior sacroiliac ligament and the posterior sacrococcygeal plexus." University of Otago. Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070824.142033.
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The burden of non-specific low back pain in the population is substantial. Putative sacroiliac joint pain or 'sacroiliac syndrome' is a significant subset of this condition. Localisable pain over the long posterior sacroiliac ligament (LPSL) is often described as both a clinical sign and symptom of this syndrome. The aim of this qualitative morphological investigation was to investigate a potential basis for a patho-anatomic relationship between the long posterior sacroiliac ligament (LPSL) and the posterior sacrococcygeal plexus (PSP). Twenty-two cadavers were available for study. Three methods were utilised: macro-dissection (n = 22 sides), small wax block histology (n = 3 sides), large wax block histology (n = 1 side), giant wax block histology (n = 4 sides) and a review of E12 sheet plastinated transverse and sagittal sections (n = 4 sides).
The LPSL was demonstrated to have a layered structure that was penetrated by the lateral branches of the dorsal sacral rami. A segmental relationship was observed between the lateral branches of the dorsal sacral rami and the LPSL. The posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia was not continuous with the superficial layer of the LPSL, deep to the fibres of gluteus maximus. The LPSL was shown to have three morphologically distinct regions, the proximal, mid and distal LPSL. A confluence of three layers was observed at the mid LPSL posterior to the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) namely the erectores spinae aponeurosis (ESA), the gluteal aponeurosis (GA) and the deep fascial layer from the second and third medial dorsal sacral foramina. A region of adipose and loose connective tissue was evident deep to the deep fascial layer in which lateral branches of the dorsal sacral rami were observed. In the region of the mid LPSL between the inferior PSIS and the third sacral transverse tubercle (ST), the attachment of the ESA to sacral bone was absent. This space was occupied by the continuous underlying region of adipose and loose connective tissue. At its greatest extent, this region was observed between the central sacral canal medially and the gluteal aponeurosis laterally. This study suggests that the LPSL may be better described as a retinaculum for the lateral branches of the dorsal sacral rami.
These morphological findings provide a basis for the existence of a potential patho-anatomical mechanism that may explain localised pain in the posterior sacroiliac region, usually interpreted as referred pain from the sacroiliac joint. The lateral branches of the dorsal sacral rami may have a potential vulnerability to trauma or ischaemic challenge in this region, which may account for SIJ related 'non-specific' low back pain or for pregnancy related peripartum pelvic pain. Furthermore, a morphological basis for the anatomical confounding of SIJ tests is shown.
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Höch, Andreas, Philipp Pieroh, Faramarz Dehghani, Christoph Josten, and Jörg Böhme. "An atraumatic symphysiolysis with a unilateral injured sacroiliac joint in a patient with Cushing’s disease." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-206079.
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Glucocorticoids are well known for altering bone structure and elevating fracture risk. Nevertheless, there are very few reports on pelvic ring fractures, compared to other bones, especially with a predominantly ligamentous insufficiency, resulting in a rotationally unstable pelvic girdle.We report a 39-year-old premenopausal woman suffering from an atraumatic symphysiolysis and disruption of the left sacroiliac joint. She presented with external rotational pelvic instability and immobilization. Prior to the injury, she received high-dose glucocorticoids for a tentative diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis over two months. This diagnosis was not confirmed. Other causes leading to the unstable pelvic girdle were excluded by several laboratory and radiological examinations. Elevated basal cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were measured and subsequent corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation, dexamethasone suppression test, and petrosal sinus sampling verified the diagnosis of adrenocorticotropic hormonedependent Cushing’s disease. The combination of adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing’s disease and the additional application of exogenous glucocorticoids is the most probable cause of a rare atraumatic rotational pelvic instability in a premenopausal patient. To the authors’ knowledge, this case presents the first description of a rotationally unstable pelvic ring fracture involving a predominantly ligamentous insufficiency in the context of combined exogenous and endogenous glucocorticoid elevation.
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Ivanov, Alexander. "Development, validation and clinical application of finite element human pelvis model." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1213734675.
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Yusof, Nurul Asyiqin. "The development and anatomy of the sacrum in relation to the ilium and the sacroiliac joint." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/7fc989e0-e7ca-4b04-81be-fb03e110d70b.
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The juvenile sacrum is a unique bone which starts as approximately 21 separate osseous components at birth. It eventually fuses throughout development into a single mature sacrum at adulthood. Despite the unfused nature of these ossified structures in early life, its location between the axial and lower appendicular skeleton and function in transmitting stresses are undeniably crucial. During gross physical developmental milestones, a child experiences locomotive and postural changes from sitting, to crawling, and then standing and walking especially during the first 8 years of life. Additionally, the pelvis undergoes functional changes where pelvic viscera descend into the pelvic cavity, together with fusion of the ischiopubic ramus before the age of 6 - 8 years, stabilizes the maturing pelvic complex. During this critical period, the body weight is reported to be transferred through the weight-bearing bones and joints related to body posture via the sacrum, through the sacroiliac joint and the innominate. Recent investigations of trabecular bone architecture that reflect the routes of weight transmission were based on Wolff's law and bone functional adaptation theory. This is defined as the bone morphological response to mechanical strains and loading that is influenced by the genetic, nutritional status and general mechanical environment, where this response is reported to be higher during the juvenile period. The advancement of non-invasive, non-destructive imaging techniques has led to extensive research on this subject. However, studies on juvenile skeletal remains are insufficient, especially pertaining to trabecular pattern analysis, and can most probably be attributed to the limited availability of juvenile specimens compared to the adult. Additionally, the constant change in growth of the juvenile age group make it more difficult to study compared to the adult group. This research was divided into three different studies; the first and second studies were conducted on the juvenile sacrum, and the third on the juvenile ilium. The first was a preliminary study using qualitative radiographic analysis of the juvenile sacral microarchitecture, followed by the second study, a detailed trabecular microarchitecture quantification based on the reconstructed micro-CT images of S1 vertebra. The third study was conducted using a different approach, where a photographic image of the pelvic surface of the juvenile ilium was evaluated. Although not directly similar in terms of the methodological approach on both sacrum and ilium due to time constraints and uneven growth of the juvenile ilium, these studies were compared as the two bones meet at the sacroiliac joint. In contrast to the juvenile ilium that showed most of the characteristic features of the adult bone at birth, the study of the juvenile sacrum pose considerable difficulties as it appears as multiple separated bones at birth with different times of fusion, thus providing until now, no available literature on the trabecular pattern of the juvenile human sacrum has been conducted. Thus the current research aims to fill this gap and to highlight the possible route of weight transmission of the juvenile sacrum during the critical developmental years of a child, especially in the first 8 years of life. The result of the qualitative radiographic analysis of the juvenile sacrum revealed consistent and well-defined high intensity patterns of cortical and trabecular bone organisation in the sacrum from birth until late adolescence concentrating at the uppermost and centremost region of the sacrum. These high intensity areas reduce in the more distal sacral vertebra. The auricular area in contrast, largely exhibits low intensity areas suggesting minimal weight passes through this region. Subsequently, the quantification results of the reconstructed micro-CT sacral images revealed high bone volume, thick trabecular bones at the central part of the juvenile S1 vertebra. This region exhibits the most robust and remodeled area, especially at the anteromedial sacral ala, persistently throughout the first 8 years of life, with increasing absolute values for all bone parameters. In contrast, the auricular area representing the sacral part of the sacroiliac joint exhibit a sparse, low bone volume area with very little remodeling activity reflected in this region. The quantification study on the pelvic surface of the juvenile ilium revealed that postauricular growth is always in advance of the auricular surface throughout development. Thus, from the three studies it can be inferred that the body weight that passes from L5 vertebra to S1 is most likely being transferred via the soft tissue structures that are in a close vicinity to the sacroiliac joint. These soft tissue structures are mainly formed by the strong and abundant posterior sacroiliac and interosseous ligaments that bind the post-auricular surfaces of the sacrum with the ilium. In the erect posture, the sacrum is suspended by these posterior ligaments and supported by the anterior sacroiliac ligaments creating constant tensile forces on these soft tissues. The body weight that passed via the S1 vertebra is postulated to be transmitted to the ilium via these ligaments by virtue of these tensile forces. The vertically-oriented sacroiliac joint that previously was suggested to play an important role in transmitting the body weight is not supported in these studies.
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Soisson, Odette, Juliane Lube, Andresa Germano, Karl-Heinz Hammer, Christoph Josten, Freddy Sichting, Dirk Winkler, Thomas L. Milani, and Niels Hammer. "Pelvic belt effects on pelvic morphometry, muscle activity and body balance in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-167389.
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The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is frequently involved in low back and pelvic girdle pain. However, morphometrical and functional characteristics related to SIJ pain are poorly defined. Pelvic belts represent one treatment option, but evidence still lacks as to their pain-reducing effects and the mechanisms involved. Addressing these two issues, this case-controlled study compares morphometric, functional and clinical data in SIJ patients and healthy controls and evaluates the effects of short-term pelvic belt application.
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Ji, Xiang. "The association of variations in hip and pelvic geometry with pregnancy-related sacroiliac joint pain based on a longitudinal analysis." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242658.
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Jooste, Nicolene. "Validating the accuracy and repeatability of transition analysis for age estimation in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45975.
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Transition analysis transforms skeletal traits with an invariant, unidirectional series of
stages into a likelihood function with a maximum likelihood value and a 95%
confidence interval. Boldsen et al. used transition analysis to develop an adult age
estimation method employing components of the cranial sutures, pubic symphysis
and ilial portion of the sacroiliac joint, used either in combination or individually. This
validation study aimed to use the 36 transition analysis numerical, categorical scores
for the anatomical features in conjunction with the ADBOU computer program to
assess the accuracy and precision of the age estimates for 149 black individuals
from the Pretoria Bone Collection. In addition, the effect of observer variability in
scoring of these traits was assessed. Six age estimations were generated by the
ADBOU computer program using 1) the cranial sutures only, 2) the pubic symphysis
only, 3) the auricular surface of the ilium only, 4) all three features combined, 5) all
three features combined and modified by a forensic prior distribution and 6) all three
features combined and modified by an archaeological prior distribution. The six point
estimate categories, calculated from the maximum likelihood values, were evaluated
for accuracy using mean absolute values. The 95% confidence intervals were
evaluated for range width and accuracy. Cohen’s Kappa statistics were used to
analyse repeatability of the scoring procedure through inter- and intra-observer
agreement and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA statistics to determine the effect of observer
differences on the final age estimates. The usefulness of the age ranges were
diminished by large widths encompassing up to 95 years. The accuracy for the point
estimates fared better for the combined skeletal indicators and overall accuracy was
improved by using the archaeological prior distribution. The archaeological prior
distribution was also responsible for narrowing the age ranges, especially in the
older ages (over 70 years). Age estimates did not differ significantly when using
inter- and intra-observer scores, but experience with the method did seem to
improve results. Overall, age ranges were too wide, but accuracy could potentially be
improved by adding more skeletal components to the method and using a
population-specific prior distribution. The method would need considerable
adjustments to make it usable in a South African setting.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Anatomy
MSc
Unrestricted
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蕭志常. "骶髂關節錯縫的中醫藥治療研究." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1022.
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Turner, Bruce. "A clinical evaluation of hip joint functional ability after sacroiliac joint manipulation in patients with sacroiliac joint syndrome." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/180.
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Thesis (M.Tech.:Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005
xi, 123 leaves ; 30 cmThe differential diagnosis of back and leg pain should include sacroiliac joint disease as the prevalence of sacroiliac joint pain appears to range from 13%-30%, thus making the sacroiliac joint a significant source of pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Sacroiliac syndrome is well-defined and usually presents with pain over the sacroiliac joint in the region of the posterior superior iliac spine, with possible referral to the buttock, groin, and leg. Most patients with sacroiliac syndrome seem to present with spastic or hyperactive muscles which leads to increased pain and decreased range of motion. Because of the close proximity of the Piriformis muscle to the sacroiliac joint, it is likely to be one of these hyperactive muscles. Various studies on low back pain, including a study on sacroiliac syndrome, have shown a correlation between low back pain, hip rotation range of motion asymmetry, and decreased hip mobility. In addition, the muscles responsible for movements of the hip have an overlapping innervation with the hip joint (L2 to S1) and sacroiliac joint (L2 to S3). It is assumed that the hypertonic muscles associated with sacroiliac syndrome decrease hip joint proprioception as the proprioceptors are facilitated erratically in a highly facilitated neuronal pool common to the innervation levels of the sacroiliac joint and the hip and associated with the level of the involved hypertonic muscle. This is thought to result in aberrant proprioceptive function at the identified levels, affecting the hip. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate the effect which sacroiliac joint manipulation had on hip functional ability in patients suffering from sacroiliac syndrome by means of various measurement tools: . Active hip joint ranges of motion were assessed using an Inclinometer, . Pressure threshold of the Piriformis muscle was measured by using an Algometer, and . Hip joint proprioception was assessed by measuring joint position sense of the hip joint using an Inclinometer.
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Shen, Chien-Ming, and 沈建銘. "Effectiveness of Additional Sacroiliac Joint Manipulation on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Associated with Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ekw77q.
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碩士國立陽明大學
物理治療暨輔助科技學系
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Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is associated with symptoms around the patellofemoral articulation and can be aggravated by functional weight bearing activities. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints that accounts for approximately 25% of the knee conditions. The etiology of PFPS is commonly regarded as having abnormal patella tracking in the trochlear groove of the femur that causes increased patellofemoral joint stress with excessive compression or tension during activities. Recently, researchers found women with PFPS showed reduce hip strength and abnormal movement patterns of step-down strategy. Because hip joint control is closely related to sacroiliac joint (SIJ) mobility, researchers have used SIJ manipulation for PFPS with treatment effect on increasing knee extensor strength, but whether individuals with PFP and SIJ dysfunction have different musculoskeletal control than health subjects was still not clear, and if SIJ manipulation would be effective on individuals with PFPS associated with SIJ dysfunction. Purpose: 1. To compare difference of lower extremity musculoskeletal control characteristics in those with PFPS and SIJ locking from healthy subjects. 2. To determine effectiveness of SIJ manipulation on individuals with PFPS associated with SIJ dysfunction. Methods: Study 1: Forty individuals with PFPS associated with SIJ posterior rotation hypomobility (PFPS group) and 20 healthy subjects matched by sex, age, and body mass index were recruited. Lower extremity musculoskeletal control characteristics (Ilium anterior tilt angle difference (IATD), lower extremity muscle strength and flexibility, and hip adduction angle change (HAdd) and lower extremity muscle activation level during a step-down test were collected. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically compare differences in lower extremity musculoskeletal control characteristics between the PFPS and healthy groups. Study 2: Subjects in the PFPS group recruited in Study 1 were randomized to either an SIJ manipulation + exercise group (Experimental group, n=20) or an exercise-only group (Control group, n=20) and received physical therapy intervention for 4 weeks. The lower extremity musculoskeletal control characteristics as well as pain, lower extremity function, and self-perceived improvement were measured before and after intervention. Two-way repeated-measure ANOVAs were used to investigate if the experimental group improved more than the control group after intervention, α was set at 0.05. Results: In study 1, PFPS group demonstrated higher IATD (p<0.001), less lower extremity muscle strength (p<0.004) and flexibility (p<0.035), greater HAdd change (p=0.007) and lower extremity muscle activation (p<0.023) during the step-down test as compared to the healthy group. In study 2, additional SIJ manipulation resulted in significantly better improvement in pain reduction (p=0.008), self-perceived improvement (p<0.001), hip abductors strength (p=0.007), calf muscle flexibility (p=0.032) and tensor fascia lata-iliotibial band complex (p=0.005), IATD (p=0.045), HAdd change during the step-down test (p<0.001) as compared to the exercise-only approach after 4-week physical therapy intervention. Conclusion: Individuals with PFPS and SIJ posterior rotation hypomobility showed poorer lower extremity musculoskeletal control as compared to the healthy group. Additional SIJ manipulation was effective in pain reduction and enhancing self-perceived improvement as well as lower extremity musculoskeletal control.
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"A comparison of sacroiliac joint manipulation versus piriformis muscle ice-and-stretch combined with sacroiliac joint manipulation on post-partum females suffering from sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2664.
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Marszalek, Norman Maciej. "The effectiveness of manipulation of the symptomatic sacroiliac joint compared to manipulation of both the asymptomatic and symptomatic sacroiliac joints in the treatment of unilateral sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1911.
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A dissertation in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2002.Low back pain (LBP) is a significant public health problem that has had a marked impact on quality of life and on health care costs (Weiner, et al. 2000:450). Toussaint, et al. (1999:134) established that the prevalence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction in the population has been noted in the medical literature to be between 19.3% and 47.9%. There is a lack of consensus among medical practitioners, chiropractors, osteopaths, physiotherapists and others as to the most appropriate therapy or management for sacroiliac syndrome. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of manipulation of the symptomatic sacroiliac joint compared to manipulation of both the symptomatic and the asymptomatic sacroiliac joints in the treatment of unilateral sacroiliac syndrome. Anecdotal evidence would seem to indicate that the direction of the chiropractic manipulation is immaterial to clinical improvement (Till, 1994). Bilateral manipulation of the symptomatic and asymptomatic joints has been used in clinical practice in an attempt to increase the efficacy of chiropractic management for unilateral sacroiliac joint syndrome (Till, 1994, Lewis, 2001 and Nook, 2000). Walker (1992:914) was of the opinion that 'Unless reliability and validity of assessments and effectiveness of treatment procedures can be demonstrated, clinicians should temper their claims of measurement of, and direct effects on, the sacroiliac joint.' This randomized, comparative clinical trial consisted of sixty voluntary subjects each suffering from sacroiliac joint syndrome. There were two groups of thirty subjects, each of whom received five treatments within a three week period. Group one received manipulation of the symptomatic sacroiliac joint
M
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Peace, Shane. "Sacroiliac joint assessment within the Australian osteopathic profession." Thesis, 2003. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/928/.
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The aim of this study was to determine what clinical tests are employed to assess for sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) and determine whether a correlation existed between tests employed and clinical experience. The Australian Osteopathic Profession was surveyed via mail-out. The range and frequency of SIJ clinical tests used by Australian osteopaths is unknown. 168 practising osteopaths responded to the mail-out survey. Most practitioners that responded to the survey utilise asymmetry of bony landmarks, motion tests and pain provocation tests. Only 14% of respondents completely abstain from pain provocation testing. It appeared that many osteopaths used diagnostic procedures consistent with the model proposed by Mitchell and advocated by most American authors. The use of these tests declined with increasing experience, whereas the use of a wide range of "other" tests increased. It appeared that the majority of osteopaths use some form of pain provocation tests, that are not advocated by any osteopathic text but commonly suggested in the wider manual therapy literature. This minor thesis was written by a post-graduate student as part of the requirements of the Master of Health Science (Osteopathy) program.
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Peace, Shane. "Sacroiliac joint assessment within the Australian osteopathic profession." 2003. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/928/1/Peace_et.al_2003.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to determine what clinical tests are employed to assess for sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) and determine whether a correlation existed between tests employed and clinical experience. The Australian Osteopathic Profession was surveyed via mail-out. The range and frequency of SIJ clinical tests used by Australian osteopaths is unknown. 168 practising osteopaths responded to the mail-out survey. Most practitioners that responded to the survey utilise asymmetry of bony landmarks, motion tests and pain provocation tests. Only 14% of respondents completely abstain from pain provocation testing. It appeared that many osteopaths used diagnostic procedures consistent with the model proposed by Mitchell and advocated by most American authors. The use of these tests declined with increasing experience, whereas the use of a wide range of "other" tests increased. It appeared that the majority of osteopaths use some form of pain provocation tests, that are not advocated by any osteopathic text but commonly suggested in the wider manual therapy literature. This minor thesis was written by a post-graduate student as part of the requirements of the Master of Health Science (Osteopathy) program.
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Sawyer, Angela Hope. "The relative effectiveness of manipulation used in conjunction with a non-stabilising sacroiliac orthotic versus manipulation used in conjunction with a stabilising sacroiliac orthotic in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1941.
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A dissertation presented in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Technikon Natal, 2000.There has previously been a significant number of clinical trials supporting the efficacy of manipulation for the treatment of low back pain. In addition, the use of manipulation for the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome is well recognised. However, the management protocols involving the use of orthotics, used alone, or in combination with manipulation were found to be controversial. Orthotics seem to be frequently used in the clinical setting and yet there is a paucity of controlled clinical research advocating their application. The aim of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation used in combination with a non-stabilising sacroiliac orthotic (strapping) versus chiropractic manipulation used in combination with a stabilising sacroiliac orthotic in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome. It was hypothesised that both treatment protocols would be effective in the management of sacroiliac syndrome, and that manipulation used in combination with a stabilising sacroiliac orthotic over a two week period would be more effective than manipulation used in combination with a non-stabilising sacroiliac orthotic, in terms of subjective and objective clinical f-Indings. The study design chosen was a comparative, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Sixty consecutive patients diagnosed with sacroiliac syndrome were randomly assigned either to the group receiving manipulation used in combination with a non-stabilising sacroiliac orthotic or the group receiving manipulation used in combination with a stabilising sacroiliac orthotic. The age range of patients extencled from eighteen to forty-nine, and included thirty-one males and thirty-three females. Statistically patients\x8F\x8F
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Thompson, Neil. "The effectiveness of sacroiliac manipulation alone versus sacroiliac manipulation following ischaemic compression of gluteus medius trigger points in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/295.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic) -Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2002 1 v. (various pagings)In recent years, sacroiliac syndrome has been widely accepted by many different health professions as one of the major contributors to mechanical low back pain. Manipulation to effect the relief of the condition has thus far proven to be one of the most effective methods. However, comparatively little research has been done on the different forms of physical therapy that can be used in conjunction with a manipulation so as to maximise its effect. This study focussed on the use of ischaemic compression (a well-accepted technique for the treatment of myofascial trigger points) of the gluteus medius muscle.
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Naidoo, Jasantha. "The efficacy of sacroiliac adjustments versus pubic symphysis adjustments in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12384.
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M.Tech. (Chiropractic)This study aims to compare sacroiliac joint adjustments versus pubic symphysis adjustments in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction with regards to pain and disability as well as alternative treatment approaches in treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction.This study was a comparative study that consisted of two groups of fifteen participants each. The participants were between the ages of eighteen and forty five with an equal male to female ratio. The potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. The method of treatment that was administered was determined by group allocation. Group 1 received Chiropractic manipulative therapy delivered to the restricted sacroiliac joint and Group 2 received Chiropractic manipulative therapy delivered to the pubic symphysis.Treatment consisted of six treatment sessions with an additional follow up consultation over a three week period. Objective and subjective data was measured at the beginning of the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. Subjective readings were taken from The Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire as well as The Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Objective measurements were taken from The Orthopaedic Rating Scale. Analysis of the data collected throughout the study were performed by a statistician. The Chiropractic manipulative techniques used were based on restrictions identified during motion palpation and were applied at the first six consultations, with the seventh consultation consisting of data collection only.
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Morgan, Beverley. "The effects of sacroiliac manipulation on arthrogenic muscle inhibition in the hip musculature in patients with sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/196.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005
97 leaves ; 30 cmIn symptomatic sacroiliac syndrome, nociceptors located within the capsule and ligaments of the sacroiliac joint are said to be activated which in turn act on inhibitory interneurons that synapse with the motor neuron pool of the muscles of that joint (muscles responsible for hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction fall within the sacroiliac motor neuron pool). These inhibitory interneurons relay information that decreases the recruitment ability of that motor neuron pool. This is termed Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) and it has been stated that the number of motor units innervating a muscle relates positively to the strength of that muscle and hence may have an effect on the functional ability of that muscle. However, it has been proposed that spinal manipulation activates mechanoreceptors (Wyke receptors) from structures in and around the manipulated joint causing changes in motor neuron excitability through the altered afferent input and thereby causing an increase in motor neuron recruitment and a decrease in AMI. Furthermore, it has been found that sacroiliac joint problems have often been related to reduced or asymmetric range of motion (ROM) of the hip and / or lack of proprioceptive ability in the ipsilateral limb. In light of the above, manipulation has been found to cause a re-establishment of normal muscle tone and joint kinematics, therefore relaxing the muscles in that area and restoring normal ROM of the involved joint. This study presents the results of sacroiliac manipulation on objective hip measures (including peak torques, ROM and proprioception).
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Terblanche, Melissa. "The short-term effect of sacroiliac manipulation on hip muscle strength in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2003.
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A dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2004.Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is the reflex inhibition of the muscles that surround an injured joint in consequence to disturbed afferent feedback originating from the receptors of that joint. The resultant altered afferent innervation of the motor neuron pool leads to a decrease in recruitment ability within the motor neuron pool, a decrease in contraction force of the muscles that fall within the motor neuron pool, and hence the clinical manifestation of AMI as a decrease in muscle strength. Spinal manipulation has been proposed to activate mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors within and around the manipulated joint. The altered afferent input arising from their stimulation is thought to cause changes in motor neuron excitability. In this respect, sacroiliac manipulation has been shown to effectively reduce muscle inhibition and increase muscle strength of the quadriceps muscle group in patients with anterior knee pain. The focus of AMI has been aimed primarily at the quadriceps muscle group whereas little information is available on the functional properties of the muscles moving the hip joint. Thus, the purpose of the present cohort study was to determine the short - term effect of sacroiliac manipulation on ipsilateral hip muscle strength and subjective low back pain intensity in thirty male subjects presenting with low back pain, attributable to chronic sacroiliac syndrome. The first objective of the study was to evaluate the short - term effect of sacroiliac manipulation on the strength of the musculature of the ipsilateral hip joint for the actions of flexion, extension, adduction and abduction by means of the Cybex Orthotren II Isokinetic Rehabilitation System, with respect to objective clinical findings.
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Matkovich, Grant. "The immediate effect of sacroiliac manipulation on hip strength in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/287.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)- Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2004. xvi, 155 leavesThe aim of this investigation was to investigate whether an immediate objective increase in hip strength was observed after an ipsilateral sacroiliac manipulation in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome. The actions of hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction were assessed. The study also investigated the patients’ subjective perception of pain due to the chronic sacroiliac syndrome before and after the manipulation. The proposed increases in strength would have been as a result of a reduction in arthrogenic muscle inhibition. Stimulation of nociceptors caused by the chronic sacroiliac syndrome would have lead to the presence of the arthrogenic muscle inhibition within the joint. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition has been described as an inability of a muscle group to utilise all its muscle fibres when performing a maximum voluntary contraction of that muscle group. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition is a joints natural response to pain, damage or distension within the joint. The response is an ongoing reflex inhibition of the muscles surrounding the joint in order to protect the joint. The inhibition of the surrounding musculature clinically manifests itself as a decrease in strength of the affected muscles. The decreased strength levels hampers rehabilitation of the affected joints as active exercise forms a vital role in the rehabilitation process. Current treatment options used to reduce arthrogenic muscle inhibition include lidocaine injection into the joint, cryotherapy and transcutaneous nerve stimulation. These treatments are aimed rather at the reduction of pain, joint effusions and atrophy of the related musculature than at the reduction of arthrogenic muscle inhibition. Recent studies have proposed that manipulation reduced arthrogenic muscle inhibition by causing excitation of the joint receptors, called the Wyke receptors. Stimulation of these joint receptors is thought to cause an alteration in the afferent input to the motorneuron pool resulting in a reduction of arthrogenic muscle inhibition. This study aimed to investigate whether sacroiliac manipulation could reduce arthrogenic muscle inhibition at the hip by assessing the immediate gains in hip muscle strength. The problem statement was to evaluate if an immediate subjective or objective change in hip strength was observed after an ipsilateral sacroiliac manipulation in patients suffering from chronic sacroiliac syndrome.
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"The validity and specificity of the Arm Fossa test." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2648.
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Mitchell, Travis Dylan. "The predictive value of the sacral base pressure test in detecting specific types of sacroiliac dysfunction." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/612.
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The sacroiliac joints are a source of low back pain (1) and sacroiliac joint disorders are a common occurrence in clinical practice (2). Sacroiliac dysfunction is considered to be the most common cause of sacroiliac joint pain and subsequent lower back pain (3). However, the anatomical location of these joints and the lack of a satisfactory criterion standard (the “gold standard”) make the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction difficult (4). Nevertheless, many different sacroiliac joint tests have been described to detect the sacroiliac dysfunction however none have been validated against any independent criterion standard (5). Furthermore, numerous invalidated tests attempt to diagnose the type of sacroiliac joint dysfunction although they also lack that satisfactory criterion standard (4, 5). The Sacral Base Pressure Test has been shown in a previous study to have good validity as an indicator of sacroiliac dysfunction (6). This study aimed to reconfirm the validity of the Sacral Base Pressure Test in diagnosing sacroiliac joint dysfunction. It also determined the predictive powers of the test in determining which type of sacroiliac joint dysfunction was present. Sixty-two participants underwent a double-blind experimental study where the results from the Sacral Base Pressure Test were compared against a cluster of previously validated tests of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. The cluster of tests gave the diagnosis against which the Sacral Base Pressure Test’s validity and predictive powers were determined. The cluster of tests included Standing Flexion Test, the Iliac Springing Test, Spine Test and Supine Long-Sitting Test. The former two tests only determined the presence of the sacroiliac joint dysfunction, whilst the latter tests also determined the type of dysfunction present. The results occurring in the Sacral Base Pressure Test, namely the external rotation of the feet, were measured using a digital inclinometer. There was no statistically significant difference in the results of the Sacral Base Pressure Test between the types of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Only when the Sacral Base Pressure Test was performed on the right of the patient and when it analysed right-sided dysfunction types, was there a slight statistically significant difference (P = 0.0529) evident in the results. In terms of the results of validity, the Sacral Base Pressure Test was useful in identifying positive values of sacroiliac joint dysfunction but was not useful in identifying the negative values. The Sacral Base Pressure Test did not accurately diagnose patients with positive test results, however it was fairly helpful in correctly diagnosing patients with negative test results. The Sacral Base Pressure Test had only a “slight” agreement with the diagnosis according to the Landis and Koch Guidelines for Kappa interpretation. At this stage of research into the Sacral Base Pressure Test, the results are varied. In this study, the test was not a clinically useful test for determining the presence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction or the type of dysfunction present. Further research comparing the agreement of the Sacral Base Pressure Test or other sacroiliac joint dysfunction tests with a gold standard of diagnosis is necessary.Dr. E.K. Urli Dr. J. Breitenbach Dr. C. Yelverton
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Sher, Gregory Colin. "The effect of sacroiliac joint manipulation on quadriceps muscle strength." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2694.
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De, Beer Quintin Hardus. "The relative effectiveness of Kinesio® taping methods as an adjunct to a single sacroiliac joint manipulation in the treatment of chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/939.
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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s
Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2013.The lifetime incidence of low back pain is between 48% to 79% in South Africa. Globally, chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome occurs in 13% to 63% of the world’s population. Therefore, chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome is a significant health problem that has the potential to have a major impact on quality of life. Chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome is described as an alteration in normal motion or mechanics. The Sacroiliac Joint fibrous capsule contributes to proprioceptive and nociceptive output, which may be exacerbated when the joint is in a dysfunctional state. Chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome may be effectively treated by spinal manipulative therapy. Spinal manipulative therapy is professed to have four therapeutic effects – mechanical correction, pain reducing effects, circulatory increase and neurobiologic effects. Similarly, Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy is professed to have comparable therapeutic effects – circulatory increase, pain reduction and stimulation of proprioceptive systems. Spinal manipulative therapy and Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy may, therefore, have similar therapeutic effects which, if used in adjunction, may produce enhanced therapeutic effects and accelerated results regarding reduction of symptoms in patients with chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome. This investigation aimed to determine whether Kinesio ® Taping methods would have any relative effect on the Sacroiliac Joint, and whether it would be appropriate to use as an adjunct to spinal manipulative therapy in the treatment of chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome. The study was a prospective stratified clinical trial with three intervention groups, twenty participants in each (n = 60). All participants were 18-50 years of age and suffering from chronic Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome. Subjective measurements included the Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index. Objective measurements included the Algometer Scores. Numerical Rating Scale and Algometer measurements were taken before and immediately after treatment at the first consultation and at the second consultation. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index measurements were taken at the first and second consultation. Group One underwent spinal manipulative therapy alone, Group Two underwent Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy alone and Group Three underwent both spinal manipulative therapy and Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy in combination. Comparisons were made using the Unpaired and Paired t-tests. The results for the Inter-group analyses suggested that most comparisons were statistically insignificant (p ≥ 0.05) which indicated that all treatment groups appeared to improve to a similar degree. The results for the Intra-group analyses suggested that most comparisons were statistically significant (p < 0.05) which indicated that Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy was effective as an adjunct to spinal manipulative therapy, however not statistically more or less effective that spinal manipulative therapy or Kinesio Tex® Tape therapy alone. In conclusion, it was found that some differences did occur, however these differences were not sufficient enough to conclude that one treatment was more effective than the other. Further research with a larger sample size, more frequent treatments and follow-ups, a more homogenous stratification of age, ethnic group, gender, side of diagnosis and categorizing participant occupation is needed in order for the power of the study to be amplified and, therefore, any results would carry more weight.
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Hillermann, Bernd. "The effect of three manipulative treatment protocols on quadriceps muscle strength in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/284.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic) -Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2003. xvi, 138 leavesKnee joint pathologies, in general, are associated with a loss of knee-extensor muscle strength. This weakness has been attributed to arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI). Manipulation of the sacroiliac (SI) has been shown to significantly reduce AMI and increase the strength in the quadriceps muscle group. Although both the knee and SI joints have been linked to AMI of the quadriceps muscle group, no studies have been conducted showing that manipulating the tibio-femoral (knee) joint has any effect on quadriceps muscle strength or AMI. The purpose of this study was therefore to verify whether manipulation of the knee (tibio-femoral) joint is as effective as SI joint manipulation in increasing quadriceps muscle strength in PFPS patients. This study also investigated the effect of combining manipulative therapy of the tibio-femoral and SI joints on quadriceps muscle strength in PFPS patients.
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Bisset, Gregory. "The effect of a sacroiliac joint manipulation on hip rotation ranges of motion in patients suffering with chronic sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/227.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2003
1 v. (various pagings)Mechanical low back pain is one of the most common clinical disorders that most people seek help for (Painting et al. 1998:110). Epidemiological studies indicate a lifetime prevalence of low back pain ranging from 60 to 80% with an annual incidence of approximately 30% (Mosheni-Bandepi et al., 1998). The Sacroiliac (S.I.) joint is a significant source of pain in patients with chronic low back pain and it therefore warrants further study (Schwarzer et al. 1995:31). S.I. syndrome is defined as pain over the S.I. joint in the region of the posterior superior iliac spine, which may be accompanied by referred pain over the buttock, greater trochanter, groin, posterior thigh, knee, and occasionally to the postero-lateral calf, ankle and foot (Kirkaldy-Willis, 1992:123). Research indicates that there seems to be a correlation between low back pain, more specifically S.I. pain and hip rotation (Ellison et al. 1990, Cibulka et al. 1999, Fairbank et al. 1984). Cibulka et al. (1998) found that patients with lower back pain who were classified as having signs suggestive of S.I. regional pain had significantly more external rotation than internal rotation on the posterior innominate side i.e. side of S.I. dysfunction (approximately a 20 difference). Manipulation is recognised as an effective means of treating mechanical low back pain, with respect to both Lumbar Facet Joint Syndrome and S.I. Joint Syndrome (Assendelft et al. 1992 and Koes et al. 1996). Kirkaldy- Willis (1992:123) states that manipulation is the most certain way of relieving the symptoms of S.I. syndrome. This investigation aimed to determine the effect of a sacroiliac joint manipulation on hip rotation ranges of motion (active and passive motion) in patients with chronic sacroiliac syndrome in terms of objective measures.
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Schooling, Leonie. "The immediate effect of a chiropractic sacroiliac joint adjustment on gait." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8315.
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M.Tech. (Chiropractic)Purpose: The pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula, ankle and foot form a closed kinematic chain during gait. According to biomechanical principles any restriction or tension in one part of the kinematic chain will create increased load on the other parts of the same chain (Comerford and Mottram, 2001; Sahrmann, 2000). This increased load can lead to dysfunction and compensation along the chain and also lead to gait anomalies. A chiropractic adjustment is utilised for the treatment of sacroiliac joint restrictions. There has not been research conducted to establish the effects that a chiropractic adjustment has on lower limb biomechanics and gait. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a sacroiliac adjustment had an effect on gait by looking at the gait parameters. Method: Sixty participants who were between the ages of 18 and 40 years were recruited. The participants were asked to sign a consent form and then a thorough history and physical examination was performed to ensure that participants did not have any disease or pathology that may have excluded them from the study. These included foot pathologies, knee pathologies, hip pathologies, structural leg length discrepancies, or any contraindications to chiropractic adjustment. A lumbar spine regional examination as well as motion palpation of the sacroiliac joints was performed to determine which joints were restricted. Each participant then underwent a gait assessment before and after they received a chiropractic adjustment to the restricted sacroiliac joint. Procedure: Participants only received one adjustment. Objective measurements were obtained using the Zebris FDM gait analysis system. This system uses high-quality capacitive force sensors that are arranged in matrix form. As a result, each sensor produces its own calibration curve. The measuring plates enable the static and dynamic force distribution to be analysed under the feet while standing and walking. The measuring plate is integrated in a level walking area. The measuring parameters are automatically calculated in the WinFDM program and a printable, easy to read report of the measuring results is then available (Zebris Medical GmbH, Germany). Each participant walked over the measuring plate for 4 times. This was done before and after the adjustment.Results: Statistically significant changes were seen between the pre and post treatment measurements of foot rotation on the treatment side, the step length on the treatment side, the stride length, the stance phase on both the treatment and non-treatment sides, the swing phase on the treatment and non-treatment side and the total double support. Conclusion: This study shows that a chiropractic adjustment to the sacroiliac joint does change certain gait parameters and it should therefore be part of any treatment regime for gait abnormalities. Podiatrists, biokineticists and chiropractors should work together when treating patients with gait abnormalities. As the study only recruited asymptomatic participants, further studies are necessary to determine the effect a chiropractic adjustment has on the gait of symptomatic patients.
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Swanepoel, Shaylene. "The effect of sacroiliac joint manipulation compared to manipulation and static stretching of the posterior oblique sling group of muscles in participants with chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2912.
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Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.Sacroiliac joint syndrome is diagnosed in patients who complain of various painful symptoms associated to their lower back, for example: hip and groin pain, sciatica pain, and / or a need to frequently urinate. They further report that their pain is further intensified when standing from sitting, stair walking, bending forward or from sitting or standing too long. Sacroiliac joint syndrome has been widely accepted by health professions as a contributor to low back pain. Spinal manipulation has shown to be an effective method for pain relief of this condition. Studies have been done using physical therapy in conjunction with manipulation in treating sacroiliac joint syndrome. However, little research has been done on the effects of static stretching and manipulation combined. The posterior oblique sling group of muscles is created by the biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, erector spinae and latissimus dorsi muscles. The sacroiliac joint can be affected by the functional relationship of the posterior oblique sling muscles. These muscles are involved in forces across the sacroiliac joint. Tightness of muscles can affect the sacroiliac joint. Flexibility is an essential element of normal biomechanical functioning. Flexibility of muscles, tendons and ligaments can influence a joints range of motion. There is evidence that suggests that stretching could increase a joint’s range of motion which was evident one or more days after the stretching protocol in people without clinically significant contractures. Upon review of the related literature, it appears that there is insufficient literature assessing the clinical effectiveness of static stretching of the posterior oblique muscle sling group with respect to sacroiliac joint syndrome. Therefore this study is aimed at providing insight into the role of the posterior oblique muscle sling group in participants with and chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome. It is hypothesized that effective treatment of these muscles will allow for a more effective outcome of symptoms. The study design chosen was a randomised, clinical trial consisting of thirty voluntary participants’ between the ages 18 to 45 years suffering from chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome. There were two groups of fifteen participants, who received four treatment consultations within a two week period. Participants placed into Group One received sacroiliac joint manipulation only, while participants in Group Two received static stretching of the posterior oblique muscle sling and sacroiliac joint manipulation. Subjective and objective readings were taken at the first, third and fourth (final) consultations. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (OSW) questionnaires were used to assess the subjective findings whilst the objective measurements were collected from results of algometer and inclinometer readings. The intra-group analysis revealed there was a statistically significant improvement within both groups for NRS, OSW, and inclinometer results. It appeared that Group Two fared better in terms of the algometer (pressure) results. The inter-group analysis revealed that all comparisons apart from the algometer readings had no statistically significant improvement between the two groups. From the intra-group comparisons of the objective data, participants in both groups experienced a statistically significant improvement. However, Group Two fared better in terms of the algometric pressure readings (p = 0.001). This study confirms that both treatment protocols were effective in reducing the signs and symptoms associated with sacroiliac joint syndrome. Although the readings were not statistically significant, there is evidence that Group Two responded better than Group One in terms of the algometer readings (Figure 4.13). There is insufficient literature on studies related to the posterior oblique sling muscles, and therefore, comparisons are needed with respect to the posterior oblique muscle sling group and its effects on the sacroiliac joint. This study concludes that overall there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups and recommends that further studies be undertaken with a greater number of participants to gauge if a more significant result can be achieved.
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Venter, Stefanus Marthinus. "The effects of sacroiliac joint manipulation in the treatment of piriformis dysfunction." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6684.
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M.Tech.The primary focus of this study was to compare different treatment protocols namely Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy of the Sacroiliac Joint, lschaemic Compression of Trigger Points within the Piriformis muscle and Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy of the Sacroiliac Joint combined with lschaemic Compression of Piriformis Trigger Points in the treatment of a dysfunctional Piriformis muscle, to see which of the chosen treatment protocols would be the superior choice in treating the dysfunctional muscle. It was hypothesised that all the chosen treatment protocols would be effective in treating a dysfunctional Piriformis muscle, while it was hoped that the Chiropractic Manipulative Therapy of the Sacroiliac Joint would be the superior choice in treating a dysfunctional Piriformis muscle. Participants were recruited via posters and flyers in and around the University of Johannesburg Campuses. Forty five participants were recruited and randomly divided into three groups (Groupl received Chiropractic Manipulation of the Sacroiliac joint, Group 2 received Chiropractic Manipulation of the Sacroiliac joint combined with lschemic compression of the Piriformis muscle and Group 3 received only lschemic compression of the Piriformis muscle) by drawing a number from a box marked one, two and three for the different treatment protocols. The participants were given a consent and information leaflet which they had to sign and any questions they had were answered to the best of the researcher's ability. All the participants received five treatments and Algometer measurements were taken before and after every treatment and Numerical Pain Rating Scale forms were completed by the participant before treatment one and after treatment five. The results showed a significant decrease in pain perceived by the participants in all the different groups on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and on the Algometer measurements. When looking at the Numerical Pain Rating Scale Scores the group that received ischaemic compression (Group 2) had the most improvement and when comparing the Algometer Measurements between the groups, the group that received only the Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy of the Sacro-iliac Joints (Group 1) had the best improvement.
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Thompson, Joseph. "Reliability and validity of selected pain provocation tests at the sacroiliac joint." Thesis, 2003. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/932/.
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The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a true source of pain commonly tested in osteopathic practice. This study investigated the inter examiner reliability and validity of pain provocation tests at the SIJ. Two examiners tested fifty participants, mean age 23. Sixteen participants were symptomatic for sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Examiners were blinded to participants inclusion criteria and examinations findings. Cohen's kappa and percentage agreement were used to evaluate inter examiner reliability. Validity was measured using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Percentage agreement between examiners was 76% and Cohen's kappa findings included a kappa = 0.475 overall. Total validity findings included; sensitivity 0.34, specificity 0.93, positive predictive value 0.70 and negative predictive value 0.75. Investigation identified a poor level of validity of pain provocation tests at the SIJ and of inter examiner agreement using compression and gapping tests. A good level of inter examiner agreement occurred using the high thrust and Faber test (k=0.674 0.611 respectively).
This minor thesis was written by a post-graduate student as part of the requirements of the Master of Health Science (Osteopathy) program.
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Thompson, Joseph. "Reliability and validity of selected pain provocation tests at the sacroiliac joint." 2003. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/932/1/Thompson_et.al_2003.pdf.
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The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a true source of pain commonly tested in osteopathic practice. This study investigated the inter examiner reliability and validity of pain provocation tests at the SIJ. Two examiners tested fifty participants, mean age 23. Sixteen participants were symptomatic for sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Examiners were blinded to participants inclusion criteria and examinations findings. Cohen's kappa and percentage agreement were used to evaluate inter examiner reliability. Validity was measured using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Percentage agreement between examiners was 76% and Cohen's kappa findings included a kappa = 0.475 overall. Total validity findings included; sensitivity 0.34, specificity 0.93, positive predictive value 0.70 and negative predictive value 0.75. Investigation identified a poor level of validity of pain provocation tests at the SIJ and of inter examiner agreement using compression and gapping tests. A good level of inter examiner agreement occurred using the high thrust and Faber test (k=0.674 0.611 respectively). This minor thesis was written by a post-graduate student as part of the requirements of the Master of Health Science (Osteopathy) program.
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Van, Doorene Kate. "A comparative study between sacroiliac adjustments and dry needling of the gluteus medius muscle in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5226.
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M.Tech.The aim of this research study was to determine the most effective way of treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, using adjusting of the sacroiliac joint or needling of the gluteus medius muscle or both. The participants were recruited randomly and placed in 3 different groups. Participants in group 1 were treated with an adjustment of the sacroiliac joint, as well as needling of the most prominent gluteus medius trigger point. Participants in group 2 were adjusted only and participants in group 3 were needled only. The treatment of the participants took place at the University of Johannesburg’s chiropractic day clinic. The objective data was acquired using a Digital Inclinometer to measure the ranges of motion at the spinal levels of the 5th lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra (L5/ S1). An Algometer was used to measure the amount of pressure required to evoke pain, within the most prominent trigger point being treated. The subjective data was acquired using the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire, as well as the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The results of the trial were of no statistical significance, but clinical improvement in both objective and subjective data was found. Group 2’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, when looking at range of motion. Group 1’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, with the Algometer and the subjective readings. The outcome of this study was that overall all three treatment protocols had a positive effect on the participants. Group 1 and group 2 had a slightly greater overall improvement. Thus it is suggested that when treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, the doctor can use an adjustment or adjusting with needling, both are effective. It is important to take the patients preference into account in order to make them feel at ease with the treatment they are receiving.
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Moodley, Lineshnee. "The relative effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy combined with transcutaneous flurbiprofen versus spinal manipulative therapy combined with either menthol or non-medicated placebo patches in the management of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/288.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)- Dept. of Chiropractic, Technikon Natal, 2002. 1 v. (various pagings)McGregor et al ( 1998) stated that approximately 50 – 80 % of the population in Western society will experience low back pain at some point. According to Cibulka and Koldehoff (1999), the sacroiliac joint is a common cause of low back pain that is overlooked. This study aimed to provide insight into the relative effectiveness of three different approaches in the management of sacroiliac syndrome. Giles and Muller (1999) concluded that spinal manipulative therapy was an effective form of treatment for spinal pain syndromes whilst Burgos et al (2001) states that the use of transcutaneous non-steroidal anti-inflammatories in the management of musculoskeletal conditions is a common therapeutic strategy. This investigation aimed to determine the relative effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy combined with transcutaneous flurbiprofen (TransAct® patches ) versus spinal manipulative therapy combined with either menthol or non-medicated placebo patches in the management of sacroiliac syndrome, in terms of objective and subjective measures.
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Ranwell, Ivan Henry. "The relative effectiveness of manipulation with and without the contract-relax-antagonist-contract technique of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching of the piriformis muscles in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2159.
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Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Services in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, at Technikon Natal, 2001.This study aims to provide insight into the relative effectiveness of two different approaches in the treatment of sacro - iliac syndrome. Until recently, the sacro - iliac joints were not commonly considered to be mobile enough to suffer from detectable restriction of motion (Panzer and Gatterman 1995:453). Kirkaldy - Willis et al. (1992:126) however, states that sacro - iliac syndrome is a well defined and common type of dysfunction. Frymoyer et al. (1991 :2114) also reports sacro - iliac syndrome to be common, although it is frequently overlooked as a source of low back pain. This study will attempt to determine whether manipulation of the sacro - iliac joints together with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (P.N.F.) stretching of the piriformis muscles is a more effective treatment for sacro - iliac syndrome, than manipulation alone. This will be accomplished by determining which approach yields the best patient response in terms of subjective and objective clinical findings. The study conducted was a randomised clinical trial consisting of two groups of 30 patients each. The patients were randomly allocated into the two groups. All patients received four treatments over a two - week period. Group one received manipulation of the sacro - iliac joints alone, while Group two received manipulation of the sacro - iliac joints together with P.N.F. stretching of the piriformis muscles. Only the sacro - iliac joint on the side of the sacro - iliac syndrome was manipulated, and only the piriformis muscle on the side of the sacro - iliac syndrome was stretched. If any patients became asymptomatic within the treatment period, then the treatment was terminated. The patients were however required to return for all the remaining consultations for observational purposes. The results of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Oswestry Low Back Disability Index questionnaire, inclinometer and algometer readings, as well as the sacro - iliac orthopaedic tests, were recorded before the first and second treatments, and immediately following the fourth (final) treatment.
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Schalekamp, Kobus. "The effect of lumbar and sacroiliac joint manipulation on sustaining muscle endurance in cycling." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9007.
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M.Tech. (Chiropractic)This study was conducted in order to determine if Chiropractic Spinal Manipulative Therapy (SMT) to the lumbar spine and Sacroiliac joints can accelerate the recovery process of the Hamstring and Quadriceps femoris muscle and thus enabling the athlete to sustain endurance levels for a longer period of time. Participants used were recruited from the cycling community by means of word of mouth. Thirty participants that matched the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The participants were then randomly divided into two groups, a Test Group and a Control Group, of fifteen participants each. Motion and static palpation was used to detect spinal restrictions. The Test Group received Chiropractic SMT to the restricted lumbar vertebral segments and the Sacroiliac joints after the first test was completed. The participants then underwent a 30 minute recovery period after which they were re-tested. The Control Group received no treatment after the first test, but still had a 30 minute recovery period after which they were re-tested. Objective measurements were taken by making use of Cybex Isokinetic Dynamometer. The objective measurement indicated that there was an increase in muscle endurance of the Quadriceps femoris and Hamstring muscle groups for both the test and the Control Group. When the increase in Hamstring and Quadriceps femoris muscle endurance was compared between the Test and Control Group, it was the Control Group that showed a more significant increase in Quadriceps femoris muscle endurance which was greater than the increase of the Quadriceps femoris muscle endurance in the Test Group. The Control Group also showed a greater increase mean endurance of the Quadriceps femoris and Hamstring muscle. In conclusion to the study, muscle endurance in cyclists can be increased by rest alone and does not require Chiropractic SMT to restricted spinal segments.
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Coetzee, Natasha. "The effect of the activator adjusting instrument in the treatment of chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1001.
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Objective : Low back pain (LBP), and in particular sacroiliac joint syndrome, is a significant health concern for both patient and their chiropractor with regards to quality of life and work related musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, chiropractors often utilise mechanical aids to reduce the impact on the chiropractor’s health. It is, however, important to establish whether these mechanical aids are indeed clinically effective, therefore, this study evaluated the Activator Adjusting Instrument (AAI) against an AAI placebo to determine whether this adjusting instrument is an effective aid for both the chiropractor and the patient.
Method : This randomised, placebo controlled clinical trial consisted of 40 patients (20 per group), screened by stringent inclusion criteria assessed through a telephonic and clinical assessment screen. Post receipt of informed consent from the patients, measurements (NRS, Revised Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, algometer) were taken at baseline, prior to consultation three and at the follow consultation. This procedure occurred with four interventions over a two week period.
Results:
The AAI group showed clinical significance for all clinical measures as compared to the AAI placebo group which attained clinical significance only for the Revised Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. By comparison there was only a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the algometer readings (p= 0.037).
Conclusion : Therefore, it is evident that the AAI seems to have clinical benefit beyond a placebo. However this is not reflected in the statistical analysis. It is, therefore, suggested that this study be repeated with a larger sample size in order to verify the effect on the statistical analysis outcomes.
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Moorcroft, Rayne. "A study to determine the usefulness of the Gonstead Listing System as an indicator of the direction of adjusting the sacroiliac joint in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2821.
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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Diploma in Technology: Chiropractic, Natal Technikon, 1997.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the Gonstead Listing System as a reliable indicator of the direction in which to adjust the sacroiliac joint in subjects with sacroiliac joint dysfunction, in terms of their subjective and objective clinical findings. The hypothesis is that the direction of manipulation is clinically insignificant in causing a decrease in the subject's clinical findings. This information is necessary in order for chiropractors to formulate a more cost-effective treatment protocol for their patients.
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Breitenbach, Jacques Gerard. "The validity of the sacral base pressure test in detecting sacroiliac joint dysfunction." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2847.
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Shearar, Kirstin Anne. "The relative effectiveness of manual manipulation versus manipulation using the activator adjusting instrument in the management of acute on chronic sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/165.
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Thesis (M.Tech.:Chiropractic)- Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2003Low back pain is a significant health problem that has had a major impact on quality of life and on health care costs (Weiner, et al. 2000:450). Schwarzer, et al. (1995) established the sacroiliac joint to be a significant source of pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Bernard and Kirkaldy-Willis (1987:2107-2130) established the sacroiliac joint to be the primary source of low back pain in 22.5% of 1293 patients presenting with back pain. According to a review article by Hendler, et al. (1995:169), “manipulation provides dramatic relief” in cases of sacroiliac syndrome. Little research, however, has been done regarding instrument manipulation and it’s effect on acute, chronic or acute on chronic sacroiliac syndrome. Osterbauer and De Boer, et al. (1993) found a significant decrease in Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry scores following treatment using instrument manipulation for sacroiliac joint syndrome. They also noted a reduction in the number of pain provocation tests applied to the research subjects. “Unless reliability and validity of assessments and effectiveness of treatment procedures can be demonstrated, clinicians should temper their claims of measurement of, and direct effects on, the sacroiliac joint” (Walker 1992:914). The study design was a randomised, omparative clinical trial. Sixty voluntary subjects were accepted onto the trial; each diagnosed as having acute on chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome, and divided into two groups of thirty subjects. Each subject received five treatments within a three-week period. The subjects in group one received manipulation using the Diversified Technique of manipulation and those in group two received instrument manipulation using the “Activator Adjusting Instrument”.
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Reid, Alan Roger. "A comparison of two manipulative techniques in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2770.
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Dissertation submitted to the in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Technikon Natal, 1997.Sacroiliac syndrome is a painful, debilitating condition that may cause considerable discomfort (Haldeman 1992), it is a common condition causing low back pain (Mierau, et al 1984, Guo and Zhao 1994), it is also believed by Bernard and Cassidy (1991) to be a frequently overlooked source of low back pain. Between 9 and 19.5 % of all sickness absence days are due to low back pain (Andersson 1981)
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Birdsey, Paul Craig. "The reliability of motion palpation versus a traditional chiropractic method for the analysis of chronic mechanical sacroiliac joint syndrome." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2762.
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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic at Technikon Natal, 2000.Sacroiliac joint syndrome represents a common cause of lower back pain (Cassidy and Burton 1992:3). However, much controversy exists regarding the most reliable method used to diagnose and determine sacroiliac joint dysfunction (Wiles and Faye 1992).
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Botha, Quentin Martin. "The efficacy of a single maintained contact drop piece manipulation technique in the treatment of sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/337.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)- Dept of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005.
xiii, 129 leaves :|bill. (some col.) ;|c30 cmResearch indicates the sacroiliac joint (prevalence of sacroiliac syndrome ranges from 19.3% and 47.9% (Toussaint et al., 1999)) as being the primary source of low-back pain in 22.5% of patients with back pain (Bernard et al., 1987:2107-2130). Treatment options that are available for the treatment of low-back pain include allopathic (Hellman and Stone, 2000), and manual therapies such as hydrotherapy and traction (Cull and Will, 1995). It has been found that allopathic interventions have been less effective than spinal manipulative therapy, even with spinal manipulative therapy having various modes of application (e.g. side posture and drop piece manipulations) (Gatterman et al., 2001). Drop table thrusting techniques were found to be effective for patients with neuromuskuloskeletal problems such as facet syndrome (Haldeman et al., 1993), however, it is still not known which specific drop piece technique is the most appropriate for sacroiliac syndrome. Thus it is important to ascertain the clinical effectiveness of the technique as certain conditions prevent the patient from being positioned in the conventional side posture for treatment of sacroiliac syndrome (White, 2003; Pooke, 2003; Hyde, 2003; Pretorius, 2003; Haldeman, 2003; Cramer, 2003; Engelbrecht, 2003). Therefore this study aims at determining the efficacy of a maintained contact drop piece manipulation technique.
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Noizadan, Omid. "A comparative study between the effect of thigh-ilio deltoid adjustment and pelvic blocking in patients with sacroiliac syndrome." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/933.
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Pretorius, Grant. "A comparative study between the effects of side-lying sacroiliac adjustments and Sacro Occipital Technic on the muscle strength of the gastrocnemius muscle in asymptomatic adult males." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/842.
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This unblinded, non-randomised pilot study was conducted in order to determine if diversified chiropractic manipulation and/or sacro occipital technic adjustments of the sacroiliac (SI) joint could increase the short-term strength of the gastrocnemius muscle. Ninety asymptomatic male patients between the ages of 20 and 30 years participated in the investigation. These patients were recruited by the use of posters that were placed in strategic areas around the Technikon Witwatersrand campus. The patients were randomly placed into one of three groups of thirty. Group FA (force adjustment) received force, side-lying, diversified sacroiliac adjustments to the sacroiliac joint. Group NA (non-force adjustment) received non-force sacro occipital technic (SOT) adjustments to the same area by means of SOT blocking technique. The third group. Group C (control) received detuned ultrasound over the SI joint. Each patient received only one treatment. The inclusion criteria required that the patient had to be male, fall inside the above age range, and presented with asymptomatic sacroiliac joint dysfunction. This was determined either by diversified chiropractic motion palpation or SOT category analysis. Only category one patients were used in this study. The objective data was collected using an isometric dynamometer. The gastrocnemius muscle strength was measured with the dynamometer before and after the treatment. The objective results indicated that there was a statistically significant increase in gastrocnemius muscle strength in both of the experimental groups. In conclusion, it has been shown that both force and non-force adjustments positively effect active muscle strength. In this case it was shown that these types of adjustments to the SI joint caused an increase in active gastrocnemius muscle strength. It is suspected that the inhibition of the motor neuron, via the capsular stretch reflex, plays a major role in the effect seen in this study. This gives further information about the underlying mechanisms of the chiropractic adjustments and may support the role of non-force techniques in treating patients.Dr. Chris Yelverton Dr. Malany Moodley