Journal articles: 'Sacrococcygeal region'

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Stans, Jelle, Anoeshka Pas, and Ellen Davids. "Ribs in the Sacrococcygeal Region." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, no. 2 (May 6, 2022): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.02.011.

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Supernumerary ribs are congenital anomalies that can occur in all areas of the vertebral column. Sacrococcygeal ribs, arising from the most caudal part of the vertebral column, are the rarest type of supernumerary ribs. They were described as early as 1960, with new reports being published every few years. Brief literature overviews were sometimes included with case reports. However, until now, no comprehensive reviews with reported search strategies have been published. The purpose of the study was to present a comprehensive review on the subject. A proposal for a clear definition of these entities is made. Where relevant, comparisons with other types of supernumerary ribs are made. An overview of supernumerary ribs in other mammals is presented. Materials and methods. A search of the Medline and Web of Science Core Collection databases was performed with several relevant keywords. The Google search engine was utilized to identify relevant literature. The references of the publications identified with the former methods were also searched. The publications were sorted according to whether they fit the definition of sacrococcygeal ribs put forward above or were called sacrococcygeal ribs but did not fit the definition. To avoid missing any relevant literature, all literature mentioning sacrococcygeal ribs regardless of the definition used were included. Additionally, literature about pelvic digits that would fit the definition was also included. Papers were excluded if they could not be sourced or did not mention sacrococcygeal ribs (any definition) or pelvic digits fitting the definition. Results and discussion. Sacrococcygeal ribs seems to occur equally often in men and women, since both accounted for half of the twelve cases identified that fit the definition. On average, they are diagnosed at 29.91 years of age, but this varied widely (from 3 to 64). This variation is to be expected, since the entities are usually discovered by accident and are present since birth. Although they are very rare, no further information about risk factors was identified. Most of the patients in the case reports did not suffer from symptoms relating to their sacrococcygeal ribs. However, some authors mention that the ribs might pose obstetrical problems during childbirth. This can be expected to be dependent on the exact size and anatomical location of the rib in question and may vary between patients. Due to the lack of symptoms that are associated with sacrococcygeal ribs, an underdetection could however be present. Therefore, further research is needed to more specifically assess the prevalence. This limited body of evidence makes it difficult to make sound conclusions about the epidemiology of these entities. Conclusion. Based on the current body of evidence, it is difficult to make sound conclusions about the condition. It is however very clear that the anomaly is very rare and that complications are relatively rare

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Hawezy, Dawan, and Azhi Kareem. "Closure of pilonidal sinus by the modified off-midline method in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq." Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 26, no. 3 (December 15, 2022): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2022.023.

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Background and objective: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease is an inflammation in the natal cleft of the sacrococcygeal region, which develops to abscesses and sinus formation. The incidence of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease notably increased in the last 50 years, however, there is no accurate data about the frequency of the disease and incidence rate among the Kurdistan region-Iraq population. In this study, we have introduced a simplified off-midline surgical technique without flap reconstruction. The main objective was to find out the rate of postoperative complications, hospitalization time, the recovery time to daily activity and work, and esthetic satisfaction. Methods: This study was conducted in Kurdistan region, Iraq from March 2016 to September 2019 on individuals suffering from sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease. Two hundred ninety-eight individuals from different gender and ages enrolled for operation by modified simple closure of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease. Results: The median age of the patients was 22.4 years (24.1 male and 20.5 female). 33.9% of our patients were female students (P = 0.002). Most of the patients (89.2%) did not have postoperative complications. However, wound infection was detected in 3.0% of patients. Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease recurred in 5.4% of patients; furthermore, the disease recurred twice in 7 females (2.4%). All the recurrences happened in the patients that had a severe form of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease. Conclusion: Significant number of our patients were students, and female students for unclear reasons are at risk in our region. The post-surgical complications only occur in patients with a severe form of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease. In terms of simplicity, hospitalization time, the recovery time to daily activity and work, esthetic satisfaction, and post-surgical complications, our surgery technique was superior to other open wound surgery such as V-Y Advancement flap, and Karydakis flap.

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Ravindra, Vijay M., Lucia Ruggieri, Sanjeev A. Vasudevan, M. John Hicks, Jodi A. Muscal, Norma M. Quintanilla, Deborah A. Schady, and Guillermo Aldave. "Salvage sacrococcygeal resection for yolk sac tumors after chemotherapy: report of 2 cases." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 25, no. 1 (January 2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.7.peds19321.

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Pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) are neoplasms that originate from primordial germ cells and, according to their site of presentation, are classified as gonadal or extragonadal. The most common site of extragonadal GCTs in children is the sacrococcygeal region, and the standard management is multimodal with a focus on chemotherapy. In selected instances, sacrococcygeal resection is performed. Herein, the authors report on 2 patients who presented with presacral yolk sac tumors managed with multimodal treatment. Both patients underwent salvage sacrococcygeal resection for oncological control and surgical removal of the sacral vertebral elements: a 27-month-old girl with a recurrent sacrococcygeal yolk sac tumor following chemotherapy and initial resection and a 24-month-old boy in whom a primary sacrococcygeal yolk sac tumor was resected following chemotherapy. These 2 cases illustrate the complexity in the management of these unusual tumors and will help neurosurgeons with the understanding of yolk sac tumors in the sacrococcygeal region.

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Zhou, Pengfei, Shiju Liu, Huiju Yang, Yaxin Jiang, Xiang Liu, and Dianwen Liu. "Signet ring cell carcinoma arising from sacrococcygeal teratoma: a case report and review of the literature." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 5 (March 5, 2019): 2234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519831574.

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We report here a rare case of adult sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) that was pathologically diagnosed as signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). A 26-year-old man complained of lower abdominal distension and discomfort and difficulty in urinating, and he was admitted to our hospital. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple oval, solid-cystic masses around the anterior sacrococcygeal region that measured approximately 96 × 114 × 89 mm. Magnetic resonance imaging also showed irregular cysts around the posterior sacrococcygeal region that measured approximately 34 × 72 × 60 mm. The preliminary diagnosis was cystic SCT. The patient then underwent surgery, during which we incised the cysts. A large amount of viscous, jelly-like liquid was present in the anterior sacrococcygeal mass. Furthermore, a large amount of light yellow, porridge-like secretion was present in the posterior sacrococcygeal mass. A pathological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed teratoma, specifically SRCC.

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S�pi, Z., J. Megyesi, I. Beszny�k, and J. Sug�r. "Extraspinal ependymoma in the sacrococcygeal region." Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology 415, no. 3 (1989): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00724917.

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Ibrohim, Ibnu Sina, Suwardi, Dedy C. Haryono, and Bambang Irwansyah. "Antenatal teratoma sacrococcygeal in a three month old children in Indonesia: a rare case report." International Surgery Journal 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2024): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20241142.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma is a type of germinal cell tumor in children, usually observed in the prenatal or antenatal phases. In either phase, sacrococcygeal teratoma may cause complications that lead to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. A proper screening and management for sacrococcygeal in children are mandatory for the best outcome. Currently, surgical resection is the most promising treatment to manage antenatal sacrococcygeal teratoma in children. Three-month-old female children were brought to the hospital with a growing 8.4 cm mass since birth in her groin. The mass was painless and soft in consistency. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a dominant solid lesion accompanied by multiloculated fluid density arising from right gluteal muscle. The patient planned for surgical excision. Hyperkalemia was observed prior to the operation; hence an appropriate correction was needed before surgery. Germ cell tumors, though uncommon, may develop beyond the gonadal region, such as in the brain, neck, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum. In neonates and fetuses, these tumors frequently originate in the sacrococcygeal area, possibly resulting from the migration of primordial cells and the proliferation of totipotent stem cells in that region. Optimal disease burden outcomes for sacrococcygeal teratoma are often achieved through surgical resection. Sacrococcygeal teratoma, although rare, might possess a mortal threat to patient, hence proper diagnosis and treatment must be done to ensure the best clinical outcome.

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Noronha, Lúcia de, Betina Werner, Carmem Maria C. Mendonça, Luiz Nomura, and Luiz Fernando Bleggi-Torres. "Sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, no. 3b (September 1995): 654–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000400018.

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A case of sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 9-year-old boy is presented. The symptoms at presentation were pain in both legs and sacrococcygeal region for the last two years that increased in the last four weeks irradiating mainly to the left leg. X-ray and CT scan examinations of the lumbar region revealed an expansive process in the coccygeal region with multiple calcifications and a partially eroded coccyx. There was no invasion of the retroperitoneum and regional lymph nodes. A biopsy was performed and showed cords and nests of cells with large cytoplasm, sometimes vacuolated, nuclei with moderate pleomorphism and clumped chromatin. Immunohistochemistry with avidin-biotin peroxidase technique showed positivity for CK, S-100 protein, CEA, vimentin and to EMA. Chordomas are a distinctly uncommon neoplasm in the first two decades of life, specially in the sacrococcygeal region. They have an aggressive behavior. Treatment of choice is complete resection.

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Kumar, Nilay, and Avinash Kumar Sinha. "Sacrococcygeal teratoma: a case report." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 3 (February 25, 2019): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20190841.

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Teratomas are germ cell tumours composed of multiple types of cells derived from more than a single germ cell layer. The most common site of an extra gonadal teratoma is the sacrococcygeal region. We report a case of a 10-day-old female child with a large swelling in the sacrococcygeal region extending laterally into the buttocks. X-ray showed a large mass projecting from the lower pelvic region and delineate the extent of the tumour and the involvement of tissues. Image findings and clinical presentation led to the diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma. Tumour was surgically excised with prior pre-anaesthetic checkup, post-operative period was uneventful. She was discharged with advice to come in follow-up surgical outpatient clinic. There was no evidence of tumour recurrence till 1 year of age. She had normal growth curve for her age with normal developmental milestones.

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Sharma, Rashim, Sudeep Khera, Arvind Sinha, and Taruna Yadav. "Pure yolk sac tumor of sacrococcygeal region." Autopsy Case Reports 11 (2021): e2021287. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/acr.2021.287.

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Sugathadasa, WDP, NV Ratnatunga, KSU Kiriwattuduwe, and PH Ariyawanse. "Heterotopic brain tissue in the sacrococcygeal region." Ceylon Medical Journal 58, no. 3 (September 27, 2013): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v58i3.6106.

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Yakovleva, K. I. "Teratoma of the sacrococcygeal region in children." Kazan medical journal 43, no. 2 (October 20, 2021): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj83435.

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Shrestha, Binod Bade, Pradeep Ghimire, Dilasma Ghartimagar, Bishnu Jwarchan, Subita Lalchan, and Mikesh Karmacharya. "Mature brain tissue in the sacrococcygeal region." Journal of Surgical Case Reports 2016, no. 5 (May 2016): rjw088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjw088.

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Ioannidis, Orestis, Emmanouil Kakoutis, Ioannis Varnalidis, George Tamouridis, Aristidis Chatzichristou, Valasia Tzarou, and Nikolaos Makrantonakis. "Giant Cutaneous Plasmacytoma of the Sacrococcygeal Region." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 14, no. 2 (March 2010): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2009.09016.

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Background: Cutaneous plasmacytoma is a very rare manifestation of extramedullary plasmacytoma, with only 32 cases having been reported so far in the last 60 years. Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a plasma cell tumor that involves soft tissues, without any signs of systemic spread of multiple myeloma or bone marrow involvement. The cutaneous lesions usually range in diameter from 1 to 5 cm and can be treated with radiotherapy or surgical excision. Objective and Conclusion: We present a case of a giant cutaneous plasmacytoma of the sacrococcygeal region with a diameter of 12 cm that was treated with surgical excision.

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Kindblom, LARS-GUNNAR, PÄR Lodding, BJÖRN Hagmar, and GÖRAN Stenman. "METASTASIZING MYXOPAPILLARY EPENDYMOMA OF THE SACROCOCCYGEAL REGION." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series A :Pathology 94A, no. 1-6 (August 15, 2009): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1986.tb02968.x.

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Gumus, Serdar, Mehmet Gul, Ismail Eray, Ibrahim Tabakan, Ahmet Rencuzogullari, and Orcun Yalav. "Squamous cell skin carcinoma due to chronic sacrococcygeal diseases." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, no. 00 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh210405014g.

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Introduction/Objective. Sacrococcygeal region squamous cell cancers (SCC) due to chronic sacrococcygeal diseases of skin are rare malignancies. The anatomical relation with the anus represents a challenge for diagnosis and surgical treatment. The oncological treatment algorithm is still controversial. Here, we investigated the clinicopathologic features of skin cancer of the sacrococcygeal region in a total of 10 cases from a surgical oncology reference center. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent surgery for sacrococcygeal region skin SCC between January 2010 and July 2020. Results. All patients were male, and the mean age was 52.9?10.5 years. In the etiology, five patients had hidradenitis suppurativa, 2 had Human papillomavirus associated condyloma (Buschke-Lowenstein tumor), and 3 had pilonidal sinus disease. The mean time between the development of the lesion and malignancy diagnosis was 21.7?5.8 years. In the preoperative evaluation, three patients had bone invasion. None of the patients had anal sphincter or rectal invasion. Also, no patient had lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis. Wide local excision (WLE) was performed in all patients; 3 of them with bone resection. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was applied to five patients. In a 28.5?13.7 months follow-up, local recurrence occurred in 5 patients and WLE has performed again in these patients. Of these 5 patients, 2 eventually became metastatic. Finally, 3 patients died due to disease and 6 patients are still free of diseases. Conclusion. Sacrococcygeal region SCCs may rarely develop after a long interval from hidradenitis suppurativa, pilonidal sinus disease, and condyloma acuminata. Anal sphincter-sparing WLE can be applied, but sphincter dysfunction may occur. The disease is associated with a high risk of relapse and poor survival.

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Brown, Nolan, Brian Lien, Alexander Himstead, Benjamin Ball, and Frank Hsu. "SURG-30. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A RARE SACROCOCCYGEAL MYXOPAPILLARY EPENDYMOMA OF THE GLUTEAL REGION: CASE ILLUSTRATION AND SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.995.

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Abstract Ependymomas are rare tumors originating from neuroepithelial cells lining the wall of the ventricles or central canal of the spinal cord. While these tumors mainly occur within the central nervous system (CNS), there are occasional reports in children and young adult patients with a primary tumor occurrence outside of the CNS. Ependymomas of the sacrococcygeal region have been infrequently described in the literature with no standard of care established. We present a case report and review of the literature regarding this rare entity. A 24-year-old woman presented with right gluteal pain worsened by sitting and a palpable soft tissue mass of the sacrococcygeal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.7 cm cystic mass centered in the right gluteal region. Histology revealed myxopapillary ependymoma. The patient underwent an interdisciplinary neurosurgical and orthopedic oncology en bloc resection of the ependymoma, which intraoperatively appeared to originate from the coccygeal nerve. Through our systematic literature review, we identified 38 studies describing 78 unique cases of myxopapillary ependymoma occurring in the sacrococcygeal region without extension into the CNS. The exact presentation of sacrococcygeal ependymomas is variable. Given their location and propensity for drainage, they are frequently misdiagnosed as pilonidal cyst. Recurrence occured in 16.7% of cases described, typically within 20 years. Rate of metastasis was 20%. The primary means of management for sacrococcygeal myxopapillary ependymoma is complete surgical resection including excision of the neighboring sacrum or coccyx, when involved. Ultimately, we demonstrate that a myxopapillary ependymoma may present as an isolated gluteal mass attached to the coccygeal nerve, without frank CNS involvement. Furthermore, an interdisciplinary approach to surgical resection of this lesion appears to represent an effective treatment modality.

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Shankar, Gowri, Vidya Bangalore Umashankar, Vinay Jadhav, and Ashwini Nargund. "Isolated Sacrococcygeal Plexiform Neurofibroma in a Child." Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons 29, no. 1 (October 6, 2023): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_136_23.

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ABSTRACT This case report describes a 4-year-old girl with an isolated neurofibroma in the sacrococcygeal region. Although initially resembling sacrococcygeal teratoma, histopathology revealed a benign nerve sheath tumor. Wide local excision was performed, and the final diagnosis was plexiform neurofibroma. Diagnostic challenges in rare childhood tumors require stepwise evaluation and multidisciplinary team discussions.

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Carrasco García de León, Sira, José Manuel Flores Barragán, and Natalia Villasanti Rivas. "Pudendal Neuralgia as the Initial Manifestation of Infiltrative Sacrococcygeal Chordoma." Case Reports in Neurology 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000448915.

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Sacrococcygeal chordoma is a malignant tumour originating from remnants of the notochord. Chordomas are slow-growing tumours whose symptoms develop insidiously. We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a 6-month history of genital pain radiating to the perianal area and exacerbating when she was in a sitting position. MRI and PET studies revealed a large mass in the sacrococcygeal region causing bone destruction and invasion of neurovascular structures. The immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimen determined it to be chordoma. This is the first published case of pudendal neuralgia as a form of presentation of sacrococcygeal chordoma.

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Feleshtynskyi, Yaroslav, Ihor Balan, Olena Dyadyk, and Julia Beketova. "Morphological features of pilonidal cysts of the sacrococcygeal region." Polish Journal of Surgery 94, no. 1 (June 21, 2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7694.

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Introduction: Despite the fact that the pilonidal cyst of the sacrococcygeal region is a long-known disease, the mechanism of accumulation or absence of hair in the cyst remains unclear, which affects the accuracy of the name of the disease, as well as understanding of its pathogenesis. Aim: Aim to perform morphological examination of pilonidal cysts of the sacrococcygeal region, to determine the nature of the cysts, the frequency of hair in the cyst cavity and to determine the causes and mechanism of its accumulation in cysts. Materials and methods: A morphological study of skin areas with altered tissues of the sacrococcygeal region after radical surgical treatment of 235 patients with a coccygeal cyst of the sacrococcygeal region was carried out. The gender distribution of patients with pilonidal cysts was as follows: 220 (93.4%) male patients, 15 female patients (6.6%). Results: Among 235 patients who underwent radical surgical treatment, the absence of hair shafts was recorded in 112 (46.8%) cases, hair in the cyst structure – in 123 male patients (53.2%), both visually and under a microscope, and in 4 of them (0.9%) only under a microscope. Among 15 patients, hair in the cyst cavity was found in 1 case (0.4%), in 14 patients they were not detected either visually or by microscopic examination. Discussion: Having observed the formation of foreign body granuloma and the accumulation of polynuclear histiocytes of foreign bodies around the hair in the pilonidal cyst cavity, a proportional increase in histiocytes depending on the number of hairs, that is, the body's reaction to the foreign body was registered. However, multinucleated histiocytes in lower numbers were also observed in cases in which hair shafts were not found either microscopically or macroscopically, which may indicate both completed phagocytosis and formation of a cyst without a hair component, registering the reaction of histiocytes to inflammatory changes in the cyst cavity. The detection of atypically located pilonidal cysts (cheek, navel) provides additional confirmation of the formation of pilonidal cyst as a result of disturbance of hair growth through the hair funnel due to inflammatory changes in the hair follicle and their accumulation subcutaneously.

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Slesarenko, S. S., and V. G. Katsia. "Surgery of cutaneous anomalies of the sacrococcygeal region." Kazan medical journal 70, no. 4 (August 15, 1989): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj100659.

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There are very few articles on the treatment of epithelial coccygeal passages in the periodical literature. Therefore, it is not surprising that these diseases are not recognized in a timely manner, and serious mistakes are made in their treatment. It is believed that in the acute period of the disease there are all conditions for radical surgery, but a number of authors suggest performing radical surgery after signs of acute inflammation subside in a period of 5 days to 6 months.

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Charifa, Ahmad, and Christine J. Ko. "Coccygeal Polypoid Eccrine Nevus." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, no. 7 (December 28, 2018): 890–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0055-rs.

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Skin tags are fairly common lesions usually seen in adults on the neck and in body folds. The sacrococcygeal region is an unusual location for skin tags in children and may represent a congenital malformation of the spine or an isolated skin lesion. In this review, we summarize the clinical presentation, histopathologic changes, and differential diagnosis of coccygeal polypoid eccrine nevus as a rare cause of sacrococcygeal papules in children.

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Gagliardi, Martin Julian, Alfredo Guiroy, Alfredo Sícoli, Nicolás Gonzalez Masanés, and Alejandro Morales Ciancio. "Partial Sacrectomy for Resection of a Sacral Chordoma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): E412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa024.

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Abstract Sacral chordomas are infrequent tumors that arise from remnants of the notochord. They are most often found in the sacrum and skull-base.1,2 These lesions rarely metastasize and usually have an indolent and oligosymptomatic clinical course. Chordomas show low sensitivity to standard radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Operative resection with wide resection margins offers the best long-term prognosis, including longer survival and local control.1,3 However, achieving a complete resection with oncological margins may be difficult because of the anatomic complexity of the sacrococcygeal region.4 The main complications of sacral resection include infections, wound closure defects, and anorectal and urogenital dysfunction. The rate of these complications is significantly increased when the tumor involves the S2 level or above. We report the case of a 64-yr-old male who presented with progressive sacrococcygeal pain and a feeling of incomplete evacuation. A heterogeneous, osteolytic lesion was found at the sacrococcygeal region. Full body imaging tests were negative for other lesions. A computed tomography (CT) guided biopsy was made. We usually use the midline approach in case we have to include the needle path in the resection. The pathology confirmed a sacrococcygeal, low-grade chordoma. We decided to perform an en bloc resection. A posterior, partial sacrectomy was planned distal to the S4 level.

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Islam, Md Rashidul, Abul Bashar Md Abdul Matin, Sami Ahmad, Md Armanul Islam, and Shoaeb Imtiaz Alam. "Limberg Flap is a Safe and Effective Procedure for the Surgical Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus in Sacrococcygeal Region." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 12, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v12i1.51611.

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Pilonidal sinus in the sacrococcygeal region is an acquired condition and usually seen in young male adults. Diagnosis is indicated by to see the site and appearance of chronic discharging opening, and identification of midline pit in the natal cleft. The management of the sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus varies from clipping of hairs with good hygiene of the area, wide excision of the area with primary or secondary closure and newer flap procedures, but none is widely accepted. The main concern for the treatment to the patient is the recurrence. This prospective study has been performed to determine the effectiveness and safety of the Limberg flap procedure for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus for new and recurrent cases. Primary end point was rate of recurrence and secondary end points were its complianceand complications such as wound infection, postoperative pain and return to work. A total of 17 patients were operated from March 2012 to June 2016.Both primary and recurrent diseases were included. All patients successfully underwent surgery. Patients complained very minimal postoperative pain. LO were average 2 days. All patients were discharged with negative suction drain in situ. Drains were removed on 7th POD and stitches were removed on 9th to 12th postoperative day. All patients returned to work after 2nd weeks. In our study no recurrence or major complications were found. Limberg flap for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus was found very useful and effective in terms of recurrence rate and patients morbidity. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2020, Vol.12(1); 6-8

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Dourado, Amândio José Soares, Ignacio Sández Cordero, Anabela Filipa Rodrigues Gomes, Luís Pedro Rodrigues de Lima Lobo, and Maria Isabel Ribeiro Dias. "Transient skin and fur color change after trichotomy of the sacrococcygeal region for epidural anesthesia in a domestic cat (Felis catus)." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 58 (July 7, 2021): e180388. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.180388.

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A clinical case in which skin and hair color change occurred after sacrococcygeal epidural anesthesia in a nine-month-old Siamese cross queen undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is described. Six weeks after surgery, during a re-check, it was noted that in the sacrococcygeal region the color of the skin and new hair growth was dark with a color comparable to the color present on the body extremities (muzzle, pinnae, legs, and tail). The skin and new hair growth of the shaved abdomen presented a standard color. The key enzyme of the melanogenic pathway in mammals is tyrosinase (TYR), and the Siamese temperature-sensitive phenotype is the result of genetic mutations that makes TYR function thermolabile. The activity of TYR in these cats is limited to the extremities where the temperature is lower while pigment production is impaired in the other body areas. The trichotomy of the sacrococcygeal region performed during wintertime in an outdoor cat was probably the trigger for increased activity of TYR in this area promoting pigment production. The absence of the same alterations in the abdominal area may be justified by less exposure of that region to the external environment, as well as to the feline habits of sedentarism, that avoid significant cooling in these regions. This report highlights the importance of taking this type of occurrence into account when performing an epidural in the Siamese cat breed. Also, to avoid skin color change in this breed, the authors recommend a midline abdominal instead of a flank approach to perform OHE.

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Dalal, Shana S., Teresa Berry, and Veronica Maria Pimentel. "Prenatal Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Diagnosed in a Fetus with Partial Trisomy 13q22." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019 (April 7, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2892869.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma is a rare neoplasm that arises from a totipotent stem cell in Henson’s node. It has rarely been associated with chromosomal abnormalities. We present a unique case of a 25-year-old primigravida at 19 weeks and 5 days of gestation found to have an exophytic complex mass with cystic and solid components in the sacral region. This mass was consistent with a sacrococcygeal teratoma. The patient had originally declined genetic screening. After the ultrasound and genetic counseling, she opted to have cell-free fetal DNA screening that was positive for Trisomy 13. Amniocentesis was performed to confirm the diagnosis. The karyotype demonstrated an abnormality of chromosome 13 and microarray demonstrated a complex structural abnormality of chromosome 13 with large regions of copy number gain. The patient underwent a dilation and evacuation at 23 weeks and 2 days. No fetal autopsy was done. This is a case of a prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratoma associated with Trisomy 13. It illustrates the diagnostic importance of amniocentesis in setting of fetal anatomical abnormalities on ultrasound. For patients who are reluctant to undergo amniocentesis, cell-free DNA results may provide the additional evidence of the need for diagnostic tests.

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Lavreshin, Petr Mikhailovich, Vladimir Kishvardievich Gobejishvili, Sofia Sergeevna Korablina, Vachtang Vladimirovich Gobejishvili, Ilyas Khamzatovich Korkmazov, Marat Borisovich Uzdenov, and Mukharby Hadzhibekirovich Tatarshaov. "Treatment of Patients with Uncomplicated Sacrcoccygeal Sinus." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 15, no. 2 (June 24, 2022): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2022-15-2-131-135.

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Introduction. Despite the progress made in the treatment of patients with sacrococcygeal sinus, the number of complications in the early postoperative period does not decrease below 23%; 12% of operated patients experience relapses of the disease, 14% of patients develop rough scars and discomfort in the area of surgical intervention.The aim of the study was to improve clinical outcomes of patients with uncomplicated sacrococcygeal sinus.Materials and methods. The study included 152 patients who underwent surgical interventions: 79 (52,0%) - with sacrococcygeal sinus in the stage without clinical manifestations and 73 (48,0%) - in remission. In addition to the standard laboratory and instrumental examination, the following parameters were studied: predisposition to the development of excessive scarring, the importance of acute-phase inflammation proteins in predicting the development of pathological scars. A group of patients prone to excessive scarring was identified, measures were taken to prevent its development. The authors proposed options for surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal sinus using an intradermal suture. Results. When comparing long-term clinical outcomes of conventional treatment of patients with uncomplicated sacrococcygeal sinus and an integrated approach, there was revealed a decrease in the development of gross cicatricial deformity in the area of surgical intervention by 2,7 times, discomfort in the sacrococcygeal region by 3,7 times, the number of the disease relapses by 2,4 times.Conclusion. To predict the development of pathological scarring after surgery, it is necessary to study the dynamics of changes in the concentrations of acute-phase inflammation proteins in the peripheral blood of patients. To improve clinical outcomes in patients tending to excessive scar formation, it is necessary to include anti-scar therapy in the complex of postoperative measures. An integrated approach can significantly improve clinical outcomes of patients with sacrococcygeal sinus.

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Sankova, M. V., V. N. Nikolenko, M. V. Oganesyan, and A. V. Sankov. "Anatomical focus on the sacrococcygeal region importance in neurology." Russian neurological journal 29, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2024-29-1-67-76.

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Gregori, T., J. Viscasillas, and L. Benigni. "Ultrasonographic anatomy of the sacrococcygeal region and ultrasound-guided epidural injection at the sacrococcygeal space in dogs." Veterinary Record 175, no. 3 (May 12, 2014): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.102453.

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Yu, Zouzou, Shengyang Jin, Mengqing Zang, Shan Zhu, Shanshan Li, Tinglu Han, Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu. "Successful Reconstruction of Complex Sacrococcygeal Defects Using Chimeric Perforator Propeller Flap." Annals of Plastic Surgery 91, no. 5 (September 23, 2023): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000003698.

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Background Complex soft tissue defects, which result from the surgical resection of sacral tumors, manifest as a combination of skin defects, dead space, infection, and prosthesis exposure. Because the traditional musculocutaneous flap lacks flexibility because of the close connection between the skin flap and the muscle component, the musculocutaneous flap is not suitable for reconstructing complex soft tissue defects where the dead space and skin defects are located at different sites. Furthermore, the perforator flap is also not appropriate for reconstructing complex defects because it lacks the muscular component. We considered the possibility of using the chimeric perforator propeller flap for reconstructing complex sacrococcygeal defects. Methods This study included 7 patients who underwent, between July 2007 and July 2021, the reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects of the sacrococcygeal region using a chimeric perforator propeller flap. Results Among the included cases, the etiologies were chordoma (n = 3), sacral tumor (n = 3), and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1). In all the cases, vacuum-assisted closure therapy was used to treat wound infections before surgery. The average sizes of the skin and muscle flaps were 195.8 cm2 (range, 100–350 cm2) and 83.6 cm2 (range, 60–140 cm2), respectively. The superior gluteal artery was the source artery for the chimeric perforator propeller flap. The donor sites were primarily closed in all cases. One patient had delayed wound healing, and the secondary wound healed using conservative dressing changes. The other 6 flaps had no complications. The average follow-up time was 5.3 months (range, 1–9 months). Muscle weakness and compromised ambulation in the affected lower extremities were not observed in any of the patients. Furthermore, all 7 patients had no tumor recurrence, prosthesis exposure, and infection events in the sacrococcygeal region. Conclusions The chimeric perforator propeller flap may be an option for reconstructing complex soft tissue defects in the sacrococcygeal region.

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P.M., Lavreshin, Gobedzhishvili V.K., Gobedzhishvili V.V., Korablina S.S., Tatarshaov M.Kh., Korkmazov I.Kh., and Machukova M.N. "WAYS OF IMPROVE THE TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF PATIENTS WITH SACROCOCCYGEAL SINUS AND ANAL FISSURE." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 23, no. 10 (October 30, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2021-23-10-24-32.

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The anal fissure and the sacrococcygeal sinus in the structure of coloproctological pathology take third and fourth places after hemorrhoids and paraproctitis. The results of their treatment do not satisfy coloproctologists: the frequency of postoperative complications and relapses of the disease is high, rough scars and discomfort in the area of surgical intervention are formed. Aim - to improve the treatment results of patients with sacrococcygeal sinus and anal fissure. Materials and methods: 152 patients were operated on: 79 (52.0%)-with a sacrococcygeal sinus in the stage without clinical manifestations and 73 (48.0%) – with a chronic anal fissure. In addition to the standard laboratory and instrumental examination, the following were studied: predisposition to the development of excessive scarring; anal sphincter contractility. The importance of acute-phase inflammatory proteins in predicting the pathological scars formation was studied; measures were taken to prevent their occurrence. Surgical treatment methods of the sacrococcygeal sinus using an intradermal suture are proposed. Result. Long-term results comparison of traditional treatment patients with uncomplicated sacrococcygeal sinus and an integrated approach, a decrease was revealed: the development of gross scar deformation in the surgical intervention area – by 2.7 times; discomfort in the sacrococcygeal region - by 3.7 times, the number of relapses of the disease – by 2.4 times. In the chronic anal fissure treatment, the relapses number of the disease was reduced by 3.3 times. Conclution. 1. To predict the pathological scarring formation after proctological operations, it is necessary to study the changes dynamics in the concentrations of acute-phase inflammatory proteins in the patients peripheral blood sample. 2. To improve the treatment of patients with a tendency to excessive scarring it is necessary to include anti-scar therapy in the complex of postoperative measures

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Jeong, Mun Hui, Seong Hee Jeong, Chung Su Hwang, Yong-Hoon Cho, Shin-Yun Byun, and Narae Lee. "A Rare Case of Oligodendroglioma in Sacrococcygeal Mature Teratoma Diagnosed in Preterm Infant." Neonatal Medicine 29, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.3.105.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common congenital tumor in neonates, and is reported in approximately 1/35,000 to 1/40,000 live births. Oligodendroglioma is a rare central nervous system tumor that is usually found in the cerebral hemisphere of young and middle aged adults. When associated with a teratoma, it is mainly identified in ovarian teratoma in adolescents and adults. We describe a rare case of a preterm infant with oligodendroglioma in a mature sacrococcygeal teratoma. The male neonate was born at a gestational age of 30 weeks with a protruding mass in the sacrococcygeal region. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed a sacrococcygeal teratoma of approximately 11 cm comprising fat components and skeletal structure, that extended from the anterior part of the sacrum to the abdominal cavity. Radical resection was performed at 36 days of age. Macroscopically, the resected intra-abdominal mass had the characteristics of a cystic lesion, and the intrapelvic mass was a predominantly solid mixed cystic-solid lesion. Histologically, this solid lesion in the intrapelvic mass was composed of mature glial tissue, which comprised as a proliferation of monotonous cells with small and round nuclei, surrounded by a perinuclear halo (“fried egg” appearance). Additionally, these cells were immunohistochemically positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma in sacrococcygeal mature teratoma. After the treatment, no recurrence was observed during the follow-up period, and no additional intervention was required. However, the patient is undergoing treatment for voiding dysfunction caused by a neurogenic bladder.

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Keslar, P. J., J. L. Buck, and E. S. Suarez. "Germ cell tumors of the sacrococcygeal region: radiologic-pathologic correlation." RadioGraphics 14, no. 3 (May 1994): 607–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.14.3.8066275.

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Mardi, Kavita, and Neha Bakshi. "Cytodiagnosis of extragonadal pure yolk sac tumor of sacrococcygeal region." Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal 4, no. 1 (2014): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-0513.125814.

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Rios, Livia Teresa Moreira, Edward Araujo Júnior, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, Antonio Fernandes Moron, and Marília da Glória Martins. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Using Two and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/131369.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma accounts for half of all fetal tumors, with a prevalence of 1 : 40,000 births. It is believed to originate from pluripotent cells in Hensen's nodule. Although most are benign, they are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates because the fetus develops congestive heart failure and hydrops. Factors leading to poor prognosis include solid components in the mass, and hydrops diagnosed before the 30th week. A case of prenatal sacrococcygeal teratoma diagnosed using B-mode and color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) is described, in which three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) enabled characterization of the extent of fetal lesions and allowed the parents to understand the pathological condition better. A 20-year-old primigravida was referred with a solid mass diagnosed in the lumbosacral spine. Examinations performed at our institution revealed pregnancy of 23 weeks and 4 days, with a female fetus presenting a bulky solid mass with cystic components and calcifications, measuring cm, starting from the sacral region, with internal flow seen on color Doppler. A new ultrasound confirmed fetal death at 25 weeks and 4 days. Postnatal findings confirmed the diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma. 3DUS can be used in cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma to assess the development of tumor during the prenatal and to allow better understanding of this anomaly by the parents.

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Bayar, M. Akif, Yavuz Erdem, Omur Tanyel, Koray Ozturk, and Zeki Buharali. "Spinal chordoma of the terminal filum." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 96, no. 2 (March 2002): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2002.96.2.0236.

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✓ Chordomas are extradural tumors and usually originate from sacrococcygeal region, vertebral column, and clivus. The authors present a case of spinal intradural chordoma (terminal filum). To the best of their knowledge, this is the first such case in the English-language literature.

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Babkin, N. S., E. R. Musaev, I. V. Bulycheva, D. I. Sofronov, S. A. Shchipakhin, and A. M. Galustov. "Modern approach to the treatment of sacrococcygeal chordomas." Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin 13, no. 2 (August 28, 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2021-13-2-18-25.

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Chordomas of the sacrococcygeal region account for more than 50 % of all sacral tumors. These malignant neoplasms grow slowly and are asymptomatic for a long time. As a result, chordomas often reach large sizes and affect the neurovascular structures of the sacrum and pelvic organs. The use ofen-bloc resection allows to increase survival rates and reduce the risk of progression. However, this method of chord treatment is difficult for surgeons and in most cases, after surgery, the quality of life of patients decreases. The improvement of imaging methods, the success of oncological orthopedics and radiation therapy allow performing radical organ-preserving operations. In this article, we will consider the modern concept of treatment with a sacrococcygeal chord.

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Little, Nicholas S., Michael K. Morgan, and Robert P. Eckstein. "Primary ependymoma of a cranial nerve." Journal of Neurosurgery 81, no. 5 (November 1994): 792–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.81.5.0792.

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✓ Ependymomas arising from peripheral or spinal nerves are extremely rare. Other ectopic ependymomas are found mostly in the sacrococcygeal region, possibly in association with developmental anomalies. The case of an ependymoma arising from a cranial nerve in a 40-year-old man is described.

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Mishra, Namita, Ankur Mandelia, Kirti Naranje, and Anita Singh. "Case of nasopharyngeal teratoma: challenges in the management." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 9 (September 2019): e230105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230105.

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Teratomas are tumour with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of more than one germ layer. The most common site of congenital teratoma is sacrococcygeal region. Teratomas in head and neck region are rarer. We report a 4-day-old male baby who presented with nasopharyngeal mass, which led to respiratory distress and feeding difficulty. It was managed with surgical excision with multidisciplinary approach.

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Chatterjee, Sudipta, and Supratim Chaki. "Management of pilonidal sinus in sacrococcygeal region using Limberg transposition flap with acceptable and safer outcome: a case series." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 12, no. 6 (May 31, 2024): 2095–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241565.

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Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is a disease that arises from chronic irritation and secondary inflammation of hair follicles located in the sacrococcygeal and natal region, commonly seen among the young male adult population. There are multiple treatment options available ranging from non-medical to surgical procedure. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy and complications of Limberg flap reconstruction surgery. 8 consecutive patients underwent Limberg flap reconstruction from October 2022 to February 2023 at Midnapore Medical College with a median follow-up duration of 12 months and were evaluated for various parameters. All patients successfully underwent reconstructive surgery, with minimal post- operative pain, average hospital stay for 7 days, returned to work after 3 weeks, with only 1 patient having superficial surgical site infection (SSI), but no flap necrosis, seroma formation, recurrences so far. Overall the Limberg flap technique is an effective and reliable technique having fewer post-operative complications, low recurrence rate, easily performed with patient satisfaction, and is emerging as the standard of care.

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Mondal, Monojit, Biswajit Biswas, Atanu Roy, Abhijit Ari, Kaustav Nayek, Asok Kumar Datta, Kriti Sundar Rana, and Nayan Banerji. "A neglected case of Sacrococcygeal teratoma in a neonate." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 2 (September 15, 2014): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10448.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT), although rare, is the most common congenital neoplasm in neonates. A mass in the sacrococcygeal region at the time of birth is the usual presentation. Routine antenatal abdominal ultrasound of mother can detect almost all the cases. The prognosis is favorable when diagnosis is done antenatally and proper management is instituted soon after the baby is born. Presented herein a 2 days old neonate with a neglected SCT who died unfortunately due to massive bleeding from the tumor. A brief review of the literature has been presented to make everyone aware of the condition so that future recurrence of such sad events may be avoided.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10448Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 108-110

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Lien, Brian V., Nolan J. Brown, Alexander S. Himstead, Benjamin Z. Ball, Aileen Guillen, Nischal Acharya, Chen Yi Yang, et al. "Surgical management of a rare myxopapillary ependymoma of the gluteal region: A case report." Surgical Neurology International 12 (March 30, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_768_2020.

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Background: Ependymomas are rare tumors originating from neuroepithelial cells lining the wall of the ventricles or central canal of the spinal cord. While these tumors mainly occur within the central nervous system (CNS), there are occasional reports in children and young adult patients with a primary tumor occurrence outside of the CNS. Ependymomas of the sacrococcygeal region have been infrequently described in the literature with no standard of care established. We present a case report and review of the literature regarding this rare entity. Case Description: A 24-year-old woman presented with right gluteal pain worsened by sitting and a palpable soft tissue mass of the sacrococcygeal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.7 cm cystic mass centered in the right gluteal region. She underwent a biopsy at an outside institution, with histology revealing myxopapillary ependymoma. The patient was referred to our hospital and underwent an interdisciplinary neurosurgical and orthopedic oncology en bloc resection of the ependymoma, which intraoperatively appeared to originate from the coccygeal nerve. Conclusion: In the present report, the authors demonstrate that a myxopapillary ependymoma may present as an isolated gluteal mass attached to the coccygeal nerve, without frank CNS involvement. Furthermore, an interdisciplinary approach to surgical resection of this lesion appears to represent an effective treatment modality.

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UCHIKOSHI, Fumihiro, Kazuyasu NAKAO, Nobuhiro FUJITA, Katsuaki MAEDA, Masayasu HAMAJI, Tadashi NISHIMURA, Masaaki NAKAHARA, et al. "A CASE OF GIANT MUCINOUS CYST ADENOMA IN THE SACROCOCCYGEAL REGION." Journal of the Japanese Practical Surgeon Society 53, no. 3 (1992): 700–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.53.700.

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Yang, Jong Myeong, June Sik Cho, Kyung Sook Shin, and Gyu Sang Song. "Cystic Teratoma of the Sacrococcygeal Region in Adult: A Case Report." Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 45, no. 3 (2001): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.2001.45.3.301.

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Alexiou, George A., George Sfakianos, Maria Moschovi, Sofia Athanasiadou, Kalliopi Stefanaki, and Neofytos Prodromou. "Myxopapillary Ependymoma of the Sacrococcygeal Region Presenting as a Pilonidal Sinus." Pediatric Neurosurgery 48, no. 1 (2012): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000339454.

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Samura, Kazuhiro, Takato Morioka, Kimiaki Hashiguchi, Fumiaki Yoshida, Masaaki Hokama, Shinya Yamaguchi, Shinji Nagata, Satoshi O. Suzuki, Takashi Yoshiura, and Tomio Sasaki. "Bursal cyst (bursitis) of the coccygeal region clinically mimics sacrococcygeal meningocele." Child's Nervous System 24, no. 4 (January 29, 2008): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-007-0567-3.

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Woon, Jason T. K., and Mark D. Stringer. "The anatomy of the sacrococcygeal cornual region and its clinical relevance." Anatomical Science International 89, no. 4 (December 17, 2013): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12565-013-0222-x.

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Darya, Shlyk D., Sergey I. Barkhatov, Lev A. Safyanov, Maria N. Pikuza, Roman N. Kostin, and Petr V. Tsarkov. "Dermoid cysts masquerading as pilonidal sinus disease." Russian Medicine 29, no. 6 (December 13, 2023): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/medjrf601836.

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BACKGROUND: Dermoid cysts (DC) are benign cystic tumors formed because of impaired embryogenesis processes when ectodermal rudiments are immersed in tissues and organs along the lines of their embryonic fusion. DC is most often localized in the head and neck (84%). Rarer localizations areas are as follows: 1) ovaries; 2) retroperitoneal space; 3) mediastinum; 4) pancreas and spleen; 5) spinal canal. In case of retroperitoneal localization of DC, the presacral location occurs more often, then location in soft tissues of the sacrococcygeal region. Moreover, the clinical pattern may be similar to that of pilonidal disease, which may cause difficulties in diagnosis at the preoperative diagnostics and further determination of the surgical techniques. CLINICAL CASES DESCRIPTION: In the Clinic of colorectal and minimally invasive surgery, two clinical cases of dermoid cysts masquerading as pilonidal sinus disease were encountered. In both cases, Bascom II surgery was performed. Macroscopic examination of the specimens revealed pathognomonic signs of dermoid cysts: a hair growth site on the epithelial lining of the cyst in the first case and the presence of sebum in the cyst cavity in the second case. The early postoperative period in both patients proceeded smoothly, and no data were obtained for recurrence in the 6- and 18-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Because of the similar clinical picture of pilonidal cysts and DC of the sacrococcygeal region, differential diagnosis is crucial. A wide range of minimally invasive methods are available for treating pilonidal disease; however, they are not appropriate for the treatment of DC. At present, the only radical method of treating DCs of the sacrococcygeal region is excision of the cyst without rupturing the capsule to prevent disease recurrence.

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Xue-Song, Liu, You Chao, Yang Kai-Yong, Huang Si-Qing, and Zhang Heng. "Surgical excision of extensive sacrococcygeal chordomas assisted by occlusion of the abdominal aorta." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 12, no. 5 (May 2010): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.11.spine0977.

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Object An extensive sacrococcygeal chordoma is considered a challenge for neurosurgeons. Because of the complex anatomy of the sacral region, the risk of uncontrollable intraoperative hemorrhage, and the typically large tumor size at presentation, complete resections are technically difficult and the tumor recurrence rate is high. The aim of this study was to assess the value of using occlusion of the abdominal aorta by means of a balloon dilation catheter and electrophysiological monitoring when an extensive sacrococcygeal chordoma is removed. Methods Between 2004 and 2008, 9 patients underwent resection of extensive sacrococcygeal chordomas in the authors' department with the aid of occlusion of the abdominal aorta and electrophysiological monitoring. All of these operations were performed via the posterior approach. The records of the 9 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results Wide resections were performed in 6 cases and marginal excisions in the other 3. Five patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy. Intraoperative hemorrhage was controlled at 100–400 ml. Postoperatively, none of the patients had any new neurological dysfunction, and 2 patients regained normal urinary and bowel function. The mean follow-up period was 31.4 months (range 10–57 months). No patient developed local recurrence or had metastatic spread of tumor during follow-up. Conclusions Occlusion of the abdominal aorta and electrophysiological monitoring are useful methods for assisting in resection of sacrococcygeal chordoma. They can reduce intraoperative hemorrhage and entail little chance of tumor cell contamination. They can also help surgeons to protect the organs in the pelvic cavity and neurological function. Use of these methods could give patients better quality of life.

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Vana, P. Geoff, Sherri Yong, Dana Hayden, Theodore Saclarides, Michelle Slogoff, William Boblick, and Joshua Eberhardt. "Recurrent Retrorectal Teratoma." Case Reports in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/491605.

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Retrorectal tumors are a rare group of neoplasms that occur most commonly in the neonatal and infant population. They vary in presentation, but teratomas are the most common and often present as a protruding mass from the sacrococcygeal region. Immediate surgical resection is indicated when found and coccygectomy is performed to prevent recurrence. When teratomas recur, the patients most often have vague symptoms and the tumors usually have malignant transformation. Here, we present the case of a young woman who underwent surgical resection of a sacrococcygeal teratoma at 3 days of age where the coccyx was not removed. She presented at 31 years of age with lower extremity paresthesias and radiography revealed a cystic mass extending from the sacrum. After resection, pathology revealed a recurrent teratoma with nests of adenocarcinoma.

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Rochadi, Rochadi. "Operation procedure of sacrococcygeal fetus in fetu." Paediatrica Indonesiana 51, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi51.1.2011.58-60.

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Fetus in fetu is a condition in wich a fetiform calcified mass often presents in the abdomen of its host, a newborn. It is extremely rare condition, estimated once in 500,000 deliveries and has a 2: 1 male predominantly; with most patient presenting with an abdominal mass in the first year of life. 5,13 The term fetus in fetu is used to point out an unequal division of totipotential cells of blastocyst where the result is the inclusion of a small cellular mass in the more mature embryo. It was encapsulated, pedunculated and represents a malformed monozygotic, monochorionic, diamniotic parasitic twin. In 80% cases, fetus in fetu is located retroperitonealy but can be found in unusual location such as in oropharynx, neck, skull mediastinum, pelvis, iliac mesentery, adrenal gland, sacrococcygeal region and scrotal sac.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sacrococcygeal region'

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