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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Weng, Leiyun, Yuichi Hirata, Masaaki Arai, Michinori Kohara, Takaji Wakita, Koichi Watashi, Kunitada Shimotohno, Ying He, Jin Zhong, and Tetsuya Toyoda. "Sphingomyelin Activates Hepatitis C Virus RNA Polymerase in a Genotype-Specific Manner." Journal of Virology 84, no. 22 (September 15, 2010): 11761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00638-10.

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ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and infection depend on the lipid components of the cell, and replication is inhibited by inhibitors of sphingomyelin biosynthesis. We found that sphingomyelin bound to and activated genotype 1b RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) by enhancing its template binding activity. Sphingomyelin also bound to 1a and JFH1 (genotype 2a) RdRps but did not activate them. Sphingomyelin did not bind to or activate J6CF (2a) RdRp. The sphingomyelin binding domain (SBD) of HCV RdRp was mapped to the helix-turn-helix structure (residues 231 to 260), which was essential for sphingomyelin binding and activation. Helix structures (residues 231 to 241 and 247 to 260) are important for RdRp activation, and 238S and 248E are important for maintaining the helix structures for template binding and RdRp activation by sphingomyelin. 241Q in helix 1 and the negatively charged 244D at the apex of the turn are important for sphingomyelin binding. Both amino acids are on the surface of the RdRp molecule. The polarity of the phosphocholine of sphingomyelin is important for HCV RdRp activation. However, phosphocholine did not activate RdRp. Twenty sphingomyelin molecules activated one RdRp molecule. The biochemical effect of sphingomyelin on HCV RdRp activity was virologically confirmed by the HCV replicon system. We also found that the SBD was the lipid raft membrane localization domain of HCV NS5B because JFH1 (2a) replicon cells harboring NS5B with the mutation A242C/S244D moved to the lipid raft while the wild type did not localize there. This agreed with the myriocin sensitivity of the mutant replicon. This sphingomyelin interaction is a target for HCV infection because most HCV RdRps have 241Q.

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2

Nadeem, Danial, Tenzin Choden, Yiannis Dimopoulos, and Mark C. Mattar. "S2443 Histology Exposes Hidden Histoplasmosis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1033—S1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783304.77699.ee.

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3

Hage, Naim, Tina Howard, Chris Phillips, Claire Brassington, Ross Overman, Judit Debreczeni, Paul Gellert, Snow Stolnik, G. Sebastiaan Winkler, and Franco H. Falcone. "Structural basis of Lewisb antigen binding by the Helicobacter pylori adhesin BabA." Science Advances 1, no. 7 (August 2015): e1500315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500315.

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Helicobacter pylori is a leading cause of peptic ulceration and gastric cancer worldwide. To achieve colonization of the stomach, this Gram-negative bacterium adheres to Lewisb (Leb) antigens in the gastric mucosa using its outer membrane protein BabA. Structural information for BabA has been elusive, and thus, its molecular mechanism for recognizing Leb antigens remains unknown. We present the crystal structure of the extracellular domain of BabA, from H. pylori strain J99, in the absence and presence of Leb at 2.0- and 2.1-Å resolutions, respectively. BabA is a predominantly α-helical molecule with a markedly kinked tertiary structure containing a single, shallow Leb binding site at its tip within a β-strand motif. No conformational change occurs in BabA upon binding of Leb, which is characterized by low affinity under acidic [KD (dissociation constant) of ~227 μM] and neutral (KD of ~252 μM) conditions. Binding is mediated by a network of hydrogen bonds between Leb Fuc1, GlcNAc3, Fuc4, and Gal5 residues and a total of eight BabA amino acids (C189, G191, N194, N206, D233, S234, S244, and T246) through both carbonyl backbone and side-chain interactions. The structural model was validated through the generation of two BabA variants containing N206A and combined D233A/S244A substitutions, which result in a reduction and complete loss of binding affinity to Leb, respectively. Knowledge of the molecular basis of Leb recognition by BabA provides a platform for the development of therapeutics targeted at inhibiting H. pylori adherence to the gastric mucosa.

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4

ANHALT, G. "S244 Autoantigens of oral epithelium." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 9 (September 1997): S55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-9959(97)89065-4.

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5

Powell, Charleston, Emily Wichersham, and Phillip Lindholm. "S2440 Hemochromatosis Secondary to Acute, Severe Parvovirus Infection." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1292—S1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711808.10950.62.

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6

Samuel, Shirly, Arvin J. Mallari, and Nicole Gentile. "S2448 Acute Esophageal Necrosis From Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Use." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1634-e1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866432.58109.bd.

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7

Naffouj, Sandra, Elie Ghoulam, Meredith Yellen, and Robert E. Carroll. "S2442 A Rare Finding of a Common Disorder." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1630-e1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866408.29285.d6.

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8

Rosner, M., N. Siegel, A. Valli, C. Fuchs, and M. Hengstschläger. "mTOR phosphorylated at S2448 binds to raptor and rictor." Amino Acids 38, no. 1 (January 15, 2009): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0230-7.

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9

Raza, Syed Musa, Daniyal Raza, Nazar Hafiz, Maryam Mubashir, Shazia Rashid, Anush Vasikaran, and Sudha Pandit. "S2443 Achalasia in a 16-Year-Old: Diagnostic Dilemma." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1631-e1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866412.29351.fe.

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10

Che Omar, Siti Nurhadis, Janna Ong Abdullah, Khairul Anuar Khairoji, Sieo Chin Chin, and Muhajir Hamid. "Effects of Flower and Fruit Extracts ofMelastoma malabathricumLinn. on Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria:Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,andSalmonella typhimurium." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/459089.

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Melastoma malabathricumLinn. is a shrub that comes with beautiful pink or purple flowers and has berries-like fruits rich in anthocyanins. This study was carried out with the aim to evaluate the inhibitory activities of different concentrations of theM. malabathricumLinn. flower and fruit crude extracts againstListeria monocytogenesIMR L55,Staphylococcus aureusIMR S244,Escherichia coliIMR E30, andSalmonella typhimuriumIMR S100 using the disc diffusion method. The lowest concentrations of the extracts producing inhibition zones against the test microorganisms were used to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). In addition, the growth ofListeria monocytogenesIMR L55 andStaphylococcus aureusIMR S244 grown in medium supplemented with the respective extracts at different temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 37°C) and pHs (4, 6, 7, and 8) was determined.

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11

Chang, Min-Hwang, Matthew R. Brown, Yiran Liu, Vladimir G. Gainullin, Peter C. Harris, Michael F. Romero, and John C. Lieske. "Cl− and H+ coupling properties and subcellular localizations of wildtype and disease-associated variants of the voltage-gated Cl−/H+ exchanger ClC-5." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 6 (December 18, 2019): 1464–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.011366.

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Dent disease 1 (DD1) is caused by mutations in the CLCN5 gene encoding a voltage-gated electrogenic nCl−/H+ exchanger ClC-5. Using ion-selective microelectrodes and Xenopus oocytes, here we studied Cl−/H+ coupling properties of WT ClC-5 and four DD1-associated variants (S244L, R345W, Q629*, and T657S), along with trafficking and localization of ClC-5. WT ClC-5 had a 2Cl−/H+ exchange ratio at a Vh of +40 mV with a [Cl−]out of 104 mm, but the transport direction did not reverse with a [Cl−]out of 5 mm, indicating that ClC-5-mediated exchange of two Cl− out for one H+ in is not permissible. We hypothesized that ClC-5 and H+-ATPase are functionally coupled during H+-ATPase–mediated endosomal acidification, crucial for ClC-5 activation by depolarizing endosomes. ClC-5 transport that provides three net negative charges appeared self-inhibitory because of ClC-5's voltage-gated properties, but shunt conductance facilitated further H+-ATPase–mediated endosomal acidification. Thus, an on-and-off “burst” of ClC-5 activity was crucial for preventing Cl− exit from endosomes. The subcellular distribution of the ClC-5:S244L variant was comparable with that of WT ClC-5, but the variant had a much slower Cl− and H+ transport and displayed an altered stoichiometry of 1.6:1. The ClC-5:R345W variant exhibited slightly higher Cl−/H+ transport than ClC-5:S244L, but co-localized with early endosomes, suggesting decreased ClC-5:R345W membrane trafficking is perhaps in a fully functional form. The truncated ClC-5:Q629* variant displayed the lowest Cl−/H+ exchange and was retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi, but not in early endosomes, suggesting the nonsense mutation affects ClC-5 maturation and trafficking.

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12

Sturgill, Nanette, Joshua G. Yorgason, and Albert H. Park. "S244 – Intraoperative ABR after Myringotomy and Tube Placement." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.419.

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Objectives Understand the utility of intraoperative ABR testing after myringotomy and tube placement. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of 27 patients (mean age 23 months) who underwent intraoperative ABR (ioABR) after myringotomy and tube placement at Primary Childrens Medical Center from 2004 to 2007. Paired t-tests were perfomed to analyze the difference in threshold levels from the ioABR to follow up behavioral audiometry at 1kHz and 4kHz frequencies, accounting for the presence or absence of fluid at the time of surgery. Results 15 patients (29 ears) showed a mean improvement of 10 dB at the 1 kHz frequency (p=0.007), and 16 patients (31 ears) improved by 5 dB at 4kHz (p=0.83). An improvement of at least 15 dB was seen in 45% of patients (13/29 ears) at 1 kHz and in 26% (8/31 ears) at 4 kHz; 5 patients improved by as much as 35–50 dB. Of the patients whose thresholds improved by at least 15 dB, 77% at 1 kHz and 83% at 4 kHz showed evidence of fluid at the time of the ioABR Conclusions Patients who undergo ioABR testing show a significant improvement of dB level on follow-up behavioral audiometry. Many patients whose hearing threshold improved by at least 15 dB had fluid at the time of myringotomy. Therefore, the presence of middle ear pathology may lead to an overestimation of ioABR thresholds. Consequently, ioABR results should be interpreted with caution in isolation, and subsequent audiometric testing should always be performed to validate prior results.

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13

Kerr, Katelyn A., Nirmal Kaur, and Syed-Mohammed Jafri. "S2444 Exploring the Interplay Between Autoimmune Enteropathy and Ulcerative Pancolitis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783308.16477.5c.

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14

Figueredo, Carlos, Tehseen Haider, and Hilary I. Hertan. "S2446 PTH Independent Hypercalcemia in Cirrhosis: An Uncommon Case Report." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1296. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711832.96087.72.

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15

Suga, Herman, Neethi R. Dasu, Paul Jang, Yaser Khalid, Ashraf Malek, and Donald McMahon. "S2448 Rare Occurrence of a Spontaneous Unruptured Subcapsular Liver Hematoma." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1297—S1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711840.76179.e6.

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16

Yafet, Y., and R. E. Watson. "Configuration interaction and screening in the s2p4d and sp6 configurations." International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 7, S7 (June 18, 2009): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560070713.

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17

Baldwin, Nicholas, Meagan Gray, and Sameer Al Diffalha. "S2441 Acute Liver Failure Due to Toxoplasmosis After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711812.22789.ea.

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18

Figueredo, Carlos, Tamoor Shahid, Hilary I. Hertan, FACG, Kevin Kuan, and Amarpreet Bhalla. "S2447 Acute Abdominal Pain; The Answer Lies in the Remote History." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1296—S1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711836.65797.b9.

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19

Woods, Brittany M., Mary Abkemeier, Zubda Talat, and Louis E. Lataif. "S2445 Acute Esophageal Necrosis Due to Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Stroke." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1633-e1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866420.22135.d9.

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20

Patel, Anish, and Muhammad B. Hammami. "S2441 Mesalamine-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis in Patient With Ulcerative Colitis: Case Report." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1032—S1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783296.19795.84.

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21

Davis, William D., Nayrana Griffith, Natalie Dapas, Lakshmi Krishnan, and Ahmed Al Nakshabandi. "S2445 When Recurring Infections Mask an Atypical Presentation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783312.98098.5d.

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22

Zarker, Andrew W., Kavya Kelagere Mayigegowda, and Tanima Jana. "S2446 A Unique Endoscopic Finding in an HIV/AIDS Patient With Dysphagia." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1633-e1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866424.25057.70.

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23

Shah, Ayushi, Michelle Jones-Pauley, Mary R. Schwartz, and Neha Mathur. "S2440 A Rare Cause of Dysphagia: Esophageal Stricture Due to Lichen Planus." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1629-e1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866400.44386.7b.

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24

Groudan, Kevin, and Rohit Singhania. "S2440 Ustekinumab for Treatment of Refractory Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Crohn’s Disease Patient." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783292.24257.ad.

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25

Mobin, Navim, Bhavin Patel, and Megha Kothari. "S2449 A Rare Case of Acute Liver Failure in Suspected Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711844.59001.77.

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26

Oudet, C., Dominique Martin-Coignard, Solange Pannetier, Elisabeth Praud, Gérard Champion, and André Hanauer. "A second family with XLRH displays the mutation S244L in the CLCN5 gene." Human Genetics 99, no. 6 (May 15, 1997): 781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050448.

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27

Kapoor, Akshay, Saad Saffo, Kenneth W. Hung, and Darrick K. Li. "S2444 Acute Esophageal Necrosis and Stricture Formation: A Case Report and Literature Review." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1631-e1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866416.76988.51.

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28

Graff, Erica, Neelima Gaddipati, Ramon O. Minjares, Angeli Patel, Candido Pezon, and Paul Feldman. "S244 Patient-Reported Barriers to FIT Test Completion at a Single Institution." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S109—S110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000773448.76924.4a.

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29

Saltirov, I., K. Petkova, and T. Petkov. "S244 Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in patients with solitary kidneys: A single-center experience." European Urology Supplements 12, no. 4 (October 2013): e1352, S244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(13)62277-0.

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30

Mittal, Aditi, Charles B. Chen, Anthony DeRoss, Deborah Goldman, and Marsha Kay. "S2448 Obstructing Sigmoid Volvulus: An Unusual Complication in a Pediatric Patient with Ulcerative Colitis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783324.00944.89.

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31

Steinberg, Joshua M., Nathaniel A. Cohen, Tina G. Rodriguez, Sushila R. Dalal, and David T. Rubin. "S2442 Successive Use of Infliximab and Cyclosporine as Salvage Therapy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783300.59404.b0.

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32

Ahmed, Ahmed M., Yasir Rajwana, and Youssef Botros. "S2449 A Unique Case of Simultaneous Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1635-e1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866436.59935.19.

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Monga, Satdarshan, Mitesh J. Borad, and Junyan Tao. "Beta-catenin mutations in hepatocellular cancer, tumor cell metabolism, and the response of these tumors to mTOR inhibition." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.583.

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583 Background: Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) continues to grow in incidence despite approval of many new therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and TKIs. Genomic landscape of HCC is becoming increasing apparent through WGS and WES. One major driver of HCC is the Wnt/b-catenin pathway. Mutations in CTNNB1, which encodes for b-catenin, are evident in 26-37% of all human HCCs. However, expression of mutant-b-catenin in liver in mice is insufficient for HCC development. Indeed, analysis of HCC cases has revealed CTNNB1 mutations to significantly co-exist with other aberrations including activation/overexpression of Met and Myc and mutations in TERT promoter or mutations in NFE2L2/KEAP1, APOB and ARID2. Methods: Using sleeping beauty transposon/transposase and hydrodynamic tail vein injection, we co-expressed mutant-CTNNB1 (S45Y, S33Y or T41A) and one other clinically relevant co-occurrence to study significance and biology of HCC. Any novel findings in the preclinical model were validated in HCC patient cohorts. Results: Co-expression of mutant-CTNNB1 and one relevant co-occurrence led to development of HCC in mice in 6-10 weeks. All HCC in these models showed a dramatic increase in glutamine synthetase (GS), encoded by Glul, a known target of the Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway in the liver. This led to an increase in glutamine levels in the tumor-bearing livers. Increased glutamine in the tumors in turn led to increased levels of phospho-mTOR-S2448, a marker of mTORC1 activation. In fact, examination of ~400 patient HCCs showed a significant correlation between positive GS and p-mTOR-S2448 staining. Treatment of Met-b-catenin model with Rapamycin led to notable and significant decrease in HCC burden. Conclusions: Our studydemonstrates b-catenin-mutated HCC to be positive for both GS and in turn mTORC1 active. This provides a novel opportunity for personalized medicine in HCC and CTNNB1-mutated HCCs may be vulnerable to therapeutic targeting by mTOR and more specially, mTORC1 inhibitors.

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Karl, Taylor A., Blair Fennimore, Frank I. Scott, and Mark Gerich. "S2447 Let’s Get You Comfortable in Your Own Skin: Response of Metastatic Crohn’s Disease to Ustekinumab." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783320.87362.d0.

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35

Tariq, Usman, Ivana Deyl, Dhruv Chaudhary, Qiuhong Zhang, and Ragunath Appasamy. "S2445 When Guardians Become Assailants: An Unusual Case of Primary T-Cell Lymphoma of the Liver!" American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711828.38887.a1.

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36

Allswede, Dana, Tyrone Cannon, Jean Addington, Carrie Bearden, Kristin Cadenhead, Barbara Cornblatt, Daniel Mathalon, et al. "S244. CHARACTERIZING OUTCOMES OF CLINICAL HIGH-RISK NON-CONVERTERS USING GROUP-BASED TRAJECTORY MODELING." Schizophrenia Bulletin 44, suppl_1 (April 1, 2018): S422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby018.1031.

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37

Davis, William D., Zaeema Zafar, Camille H. Boustani, Tenzin Choden, and Mark C. Mattar. "S2446 Newly Diagnosed Advanced B-cell Lymphoma in the Setting of Crohn’s Disease on Chronic Azathioprine Management." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1034—S1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783316.95440.be.

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38

Nath, Anand, Ivanesa Pardo Lameda, and Timothy R. Koch. "S2442 Acquired Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Associated With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in a Woman With Medically Complicated Obesity." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1293—S1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711816.78061.3e.

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39

Van, Jeremy, Ami A. Dave, Michael Schwartz, and Justin Mitchell. "S2443 A Case of HHV-8 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma - Not Otherwise Specified With Liver Infiltration." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (October 2020): S1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000711820.02228.87.

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40

Voerman, J. S., C. De Klerk, S. Y. M. Mérelle, R. Timman, J. Passchier, M. Sorbi, and E. Aartsen. "S244 LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF BEHAVIOURAL ATTACK PREVENTION PROVIDED BY LAY TRAINERS WITH MIGRAINE." European Journal of Pain Supplements 5, S1 (September 2011): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1754-3207(11)70810-0.

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41

Patel, Maxine X., Suzanne Law, Lauren A. Best-Shaw, Maria Gudbrandsen, Nusrat Husain, Imran B. Chaudhry, Richard Drake, Anthony S. David, and Peter M. Haddad. "Poster #S244 CONSULTANT PSYCHIATRISTS' PERSPECTIVES REGARDING ANTIPSYCHOTIC DOSE CHOICE AND PLASMA CONCENTRATION THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING." Schizophrenia Research 153 (April 2014): S178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(14)70523-7.

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42

Hill, Marlee, Fatima Hassan, Beth Gillies, and Ijlal Akbar Ali. "S2441 A Rare Presentation of Esophageal Lichen Planus in a Patient With Collagenous Gastritis and Duodenitis: A Case Study." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1630-e1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866404.91391.aa.

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43

Pavao, Mauro S. G. "Effect of sulfated glycosaminoglycans on tumor invasion and metastasis." Frontiers in Bioscience S3, no. 4 (2011): 1541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/s244.

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44

Pavicevic, Snezana, Radovan Bogdanovic, Michael Ludwig, and Mira Samardzic. "Dent disease." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, Suppl. 4 (2008): 312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh08s4312p.

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INTRODUCTION. Dent disease is X-linked recessive proximal tubulopathy, due to mutations in the CLCN5 gene. It is characterized by low molecular weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and progressive renal failure. CASE OUTLINE. A seven-year-old boy was referred after endocrinological examination where abdominal ultrasound showed nephrocalcinosis. There were anamnestic data neither of oedema, macrohaematuria, nor polyuria or hypertension. There were also no data of chronic renal failure in the family. We determined: proteinuria (1.8 g/day), elevated urinary excretion of Beta 2 microglobulin, microscopic haematuria, hypercalciuria (8-10 mg/kg/day), nephrocalcinosis, decreased tubular reabsorption phosphate (65%). Values of growth hormone, parathormone on thyroid hormone were normal. Except hypercalciuria, which was registered in the patient?s mother, all other analyses performed in family members were betwen reference values. Diagnosis was finalized by mutation analysis, which showed S244L substitution on CNCL5. Mutation carrier was mother with normal phenotype. CONCLUSION. Dent disease is rare X-linked nephrocalcinosis. Definitive diagnosis of this proximal tubulopathy which leads to progressive renal damage is not possible without evidence of gene mutation in renal chlorine channel.

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Álvarez, Carlos J. P., María Lodeiro, Marily Theodoropoulou, Jesús P. Camiña, Felipe F. Casanueva, and Yolanda Pazos. "Obestatin stimulates Akt signalling in gastric cancer cells through β-arrestin-mediated epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation." Endocrine-Related Cancer 16, no. 2 (June 2009): 599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-08-0192.

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Obestatin was identified as a gut peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene that interacts with the G protein-coupled receptor, GPR39. In this work, a sequential analysis of its transmembrane signalling pathway has been undertaken to characterize the intracellular mechanisms responsible for Akt activation. The results show that Akt activation requires the phosphorylation of T308 in the A-loop by the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) and S473 within the HM by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase complex 2 (mTORC2: Rictor, mLST8, mSin1, mTOR kinase) with participation neither of Gi/o-protein nor Gβγ dimers. Obestatin induces the association of GPR39/β-arrestin 1/Src signalling complex resulting in the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and downstream Akt signalling. Upon administration of obestatin, phosphorylation of mTOR (S2448) and p70S6K1 (T389) rise with a time course that parallels that of Akt activation. Based on the experimental data obtained, a signalling pathway involving a β-arrestin 1 scaffolding complex and EGFR to activate Akt signalling is proposed.

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Cheng, Yuanhua, Steffen Lindert, Peter Kekenes-Huskey, Vijay S. Rao, R. John Solaro, Paul R. Rosevear, Rommie Amaro, Andrew D. McCulloch, J. Andrew McCammon, and Michael Regnier. "Computational Studies of the Effect of the S23D/S24D Troponin I Mutation on Cardiac Troponin Structural Dynamics." Biophysical Journal 107, no. 7 (October 2014): 1675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.08.008.

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Whitton, Alexis, Alan Green, Diego Pizzagalli, Jill Williams, and Mary Brunette. "S244. Potent Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists Block the Reward-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine in Smokers With Schizophrenia." Biological Psychiatry 83, no. 9 (May 2018): S443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.1136.

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Raza, Daniyal, Maryam Mubashir, Meher Sindhoora Mavuram, and Hassaan A. Zia. "S2447 “Outpouchings in the Esophagus”: A Rare Case of HIV-Associated Esophageal Intramural Pseudodiverticulosis in the Absence of Esophageal Candidiasis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 117, no. 10S (October 2022): e1634-e1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000866428.55722.dd.

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Yan, Hong-Li, Wei-Ting Wang, Yan He, Zhuan-You Zhao, Yuan-Jian Gao, Yi Zhang, and Shu-Han Sun. "Construction, Expression, and Characterization of a Recombinant Annexin B1-Low Molecular Weight Urokinase Chimera in Escherichia coli." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 36, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abbs/36.3.184.

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Abstract To produce a thrombi-targeting plasminogen activator, low molecular weight single-chain urokinase gene (scuPA32k) was spliced with the full-length cDNA of annexin B1 gene (anxB1) by overlap extension method. The fused gene anxB1scuPA was ligated into pET28a vector, transformed into E. coli BL21-RIL, and then induced to express under the control of T7 promoter. The AnxB1ScuPA protein expressed amounted to 22% of the total bacterial proteins. The product was refolded, and then purified by using DEAE Sepharose fast flow ion-exchange column and Superdex S-200 gel-filtration column. HPLC analysis revealed that the final purity is about 95%. The specific activity of AnxB1ScuPA, measured as amidolytic activity, reached 100,000 IU/mg. It had a similar S2444 catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) to ScuPA32k, and also showed high activated-platelet membrane-binding activity and anticoagulant activity, indicating that the chimera fully retained the components of enzymatic and membrane-binding activities of the parent molecules. In vivo test revealed that, the dogs administered with AnxB1ScuPA had less reperfusion time, higher reperfusion ratio, and less bleeding effects than those with urokinase. These findings indicated that AnxB1ScuPA might have advantages over current available thrombolytic agents.

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Sharma, Sanskriti, Chelsae Keeney, Luis Nieto, Zandraetta Tims-Cook, and Luther Burse. "S2449 Gas-Containing Abscesses in the Left Thigh From a Musculoskeletal Fistula Presenting as an Extraintestinal Complication of Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease." American Journal of Gastroenterology 116, no. 1 (October 2021): S1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000783328.13200.8f.

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