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Academic literature on the topic 'S-2L'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "S-2L"

CHEN, SHI-QIANG, MIN TANG, and QUAN-HUI YANG. "ON A PROBLEM OF CHEN AND LEV." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 99, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972718001107.

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For a given set$S\subset \mathbb{N}$,$R_{S}(n)$is the number of solutions of the equation$n=s+s^{\prime },s<s^{\prime },s,s^{\prime }\in S$. Suppose that$m$and$r$are integers with$m>r\geq 0$and that$A$and$B$are sets with$A\cup B=\mathbb{N}$and$A\cap B=\{r+mk:k\in \mathbb{N}\}$. We prove that if$R_{A}(n)=R_{B}(n)$for all positive integers$n$, then there exists an integer$l\geq 1$such that$r=2^{2l}-1$and$m=2^{2l+1}-1$. This solves a problem of Chen and Lev [‘Integer sets with identical representation functions’,Integers16(2016), A36] under the condition$m>r$.

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Al-Qadsy, Inas, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Waseem Sharaf Saeed, Ali Alrabie, Arwa Al-Adhreai, Lena Ahmed Saleh Al-Faqeeh, Prem Lama, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, and Mazahar Farooqui. "Synthesis, Characterization, Single-Crystal X-ray Structure and Biological Activities of [(Z)-N′-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide–Nickel(II)] Complex." Crystals 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020110.

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(Z)-N′-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide (HL) and its Ni(II) complex (Ni(II)-2L) were synthesized using eco-friendly protocols. The single X-ray crystal structure of Ni(II)-2L was solved. Moreover, the structural properties were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass, and Ultraviolet/Visible spectroscopy. The diamagnetic and thermal stability were assessed using magnetic susceptibility and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The biological activities of both HL and Ni(II)-2L (62.5–1000 μg/mL) against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial and fungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus clavatus) species were studied using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests method in reference to Gentamycin and Nystatin standard drugs, respectively. The results revealed an affordable, environmentally friendly, and efficient synthetic method of HL using water as a green solvent. The Ni(II)-2L complex crystallized in a distorted square planar, P21/n space group, and one Ni(II) to two bidentate negatively charged ligand ratio. The analysis of biological activity revealed higher activity of the complex against S. aureus and S. pyogenes (bacteria) and A. niger and A. clavatus (fungi) compared to the ligand. However, the highest activity was at a MIC of 62.5 μg/mL for the complex against S. pyogenes and for the ligand against E. coli. Therefore, both HL and Ni(II)-2L could be promising potential antimicrobials and their selective activity could be an additional benefit of these bioactive materials.

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Aguade, M. "Restriction map variation at the adh locus of Drosophila melanogaster in inverted and noninverted chromosomes." Genetics 119, no. 1 (May 1, 1988): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.1.135.

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Abstract Restriction map variation among 39 Standard and 40 In(2L)t chromosomes extracted from a Spanish natural population of Drosophila melanogaster was investigated for a 2.7-kb region encompassing the Adh locus with ten four-cutter restriction enzymes. A total of 20 polymorphisms were detected, representing 15 restriction site polymorphisms, 4 length polymorphisms and the allozyme polymorphism. Variation at the DNA level was compared among St-Adh(F), St-Adh(S) and t-Adh(S) chromosomes. t-Adh(S) chromosomes show a higher level of variation than St-Adh(F) chromosomes. This suggests that In(2L)t arose before the fast/slow allozyme divergence in the evolutionary history of D. melanogaster.

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Nieuwenhuizen, Theodorus M. "Models for Quantum Measurement of Particles with Higher Spin." Entropy 24, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24121746.

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The Curie–Weiss model for quantum measurement describes the dynamical measurement of a spin-12 by an apparatus consisting of an Ising magnet of many spins 12 coupled to a thermal phonon bath. To measure the z-component s=−l,−l+1,⋯,l of a spin l, a class of models is designed along the same lines, which involve 2l order parameters. As required for unbiased measurement, the Hamiltonian of the magnet, its entropy and the interaction Hamiltonian possess an invariance under the permutation s→s+1 mod 2l+1. The theory is worked out for the spin-1 case, where the thermodynamics is analyzed in detail, and, for spins 32,2,52, the thermodynamics and the invariance are presented.

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Farr, Amanda M., Marni Stott-Miller, Helen Varker, Danae Spencer, Manan Shah, and Clara Chen. "Treatment Sequencing Patterns Associated with Elderly Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM) in the US Community Setting." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 5392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5392.5392.

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Abstract Background: With more targeted agents in development, the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM has become more complicated and, as a consequence, has resulted in great heterogeneity in treatment patterns. Little is known about treatment sequences in the US community practice setting for elderly patients. The goal of this study was to describe treatment sequencing patterns in elderly MM patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients (≥65 years old) with newly diagnosed MM between 7/1/2011 and 5/31/2014 who had ≥2 oncologist visits within 90 days after diagnosis and ≥90 days of follow-up was conducted. Patients were selected from the Truven MarketScan Oncology Electronic Medical Records (EMR) database and followed until last visit in the EMR database or 8/31/2014, whichever occurred first. First-line (1L) treatment included treatment that a patient received since first anti-MM prescription/administration. For any given line of therapy, the end of treatment was defined as the first day of any gap in treatment >90 days or initiation of a new regimen. Treatment patterns for 1L, second-line (2L), and third-line (3L) treatment were described. Duration of treatment and treatment-free intervals were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) methods. Results: 2,896 MM patients met the selection criteria and initiated anti-MM therapy in the study period. Of these, 1,032 (36%) patients (median age 75 years, 55% male) received 2L treatment and 352 (12%) received 3L treatment. The median patient follow-up for those who received 2L treatment was 19.2 months. Of the 1,032 patients with 2L treatment, 715 (69%) received a proteasome inhibitor (PI=bortezomib, carfilzomib) or an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD=lenalidomide, pomalidomide, thalidomide) and 317 (31%) received conventional chemotherapy (CT) or steroid (S) only (Table 1). 16% received a stem cell transplant at any time. Of the 352 patients with 3L treatment, 227 (64%) received a PI or IMiD, and 125 (36%) received CT or S only (Table 1). The use of carfilzomib and pomalidomide increased slightly from 1L to 3L (Table 2). Of the 374 patients who received 2L IMiD, over 80% received a PI or IMiD in 1L treatment (PI: 45%, IMiD: 22%, both: 15%); of those who received an IMiD in both 1L and 2L, 86% repeated the IMiD received in 1L and 9% switched to pomalidomide. Of the 307 patients who received 2L PI, >80% received a PI or IMiD in 1L treatment (PI: 57%, IMiD: 22%, both: 5%); of those who received a PI in both 1L and 2L, 72% repeated the PI received in 1L and 26% switched to carfilzomib. Similarly, of the 124 patients who received 3L IMiD, most received a PI or IMiD in 2L (PI: 13%, IMiD: 47%, both: 3%). The same was true of the 92 patients who received 3L PI (PI: 28%, IMiD: 45%, both: 3% in 2L treatment). Of the 352 patients with 1L-3L treatment, 93% received a PI or IMiD in 1L, 2L, or 3L; 32% had a PI or IMiD in all 3 lines. Median duration of 1L, 2L, and 3L treatment was 196, 148, and 124 days, respectively (Table 3). Median treatment-free interval from end of 1L to initiation of 2L, and from end of 2L to initiation of 3L, was 175 and 137 days, respectively (Table 3). Conclusions: The data suggest that elderly MM patients run out of treatment options when they fail 1L/2L treatment; therefore, duration of treatment as well as treatment-free interval decreases as disease progresses. These findings highlight the unmet needs for newer therapies in elderly MM patients who fail prior anti-MM treatment. Table 1. 2L and 3L treatment for first- and second-relapsed elderly MM patients PI or IMiD, n (%) CT, n (%) S, n (%) n All PI only IMiD only Both 2L 1,032 715 (69) 307 (30) 374 (36) 34 (3) 78 (8) 239 (23) 3L 352 227 (64) 92 (26) 124 (35) 11 (3) 26 (7) 99 (28) Table 2. Use of carfilzomib and pomalidomide among the 1,032 patients in 1L, 2L and 3L treatment Treatment n Carfilzomib, n (%) Pomalidomide, n (%) 1L 2,896 99 (3) 15 (1) 2L 1,032 72 (7) 41 (4) 3L 352 32 (9) 23 (7) Table 1. K-M estimates of duration of treatment and treatment-free interval for 1L, 2L, and 3L treatment in elderly patients with MM K-M Estimate 95% CI Treatment duration, days 1L (n=2,896) 196 180-208 2L (n=1,032) 148 127-165 3L (n=352) 124 100-194 Treatment-free interval, days 1L to 2L (n=1,596) 175 164-191 2L to 3L (n=507) 137 127-157 Disclosures Farr: Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am employed by Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Stott-Miller:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Varker:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Spencer:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Shah:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Employment, Other: Stocks. Chen:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Employment.

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Fan, Nan, and Jiagui Luo. "On the conjecture of Je$ \acute{\textbf{s}} $manowicz." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 6 (2023): 14232–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023728.

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<abstract>Let $ k, l, m_1 $ and $ m_2 $ be positive integers and let both $ p $ and $ q $ be odd primes such that $ p^k = 2^{m_1}-a^{m_2} $ and $ q^l = 2^{m_1}+a^{m_2} $ where $ a $ is a positive integer with $ a\equiv {\pm 3}\pmod 8 $. In this paper, using only the elementary methods of factorization, congruence methods and the quadratic reciprocity law, we show that Je$ \acute{s} $manowicz' a conjecture holds for the following set of primitive Pythagorean numbers: <disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ \frac{q^{2l}-p^{2k}}{2}, p^kq^l, \frac{q^{2l}+p^{2k}}{2}. $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula> We also prove that Je$ \acute{s} $manowicz' conjecture holds for non-primitive Pythagorean numbers: <disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE2"> \begin{document}$ n\frac{q^{2l}-p^{2k}}{2}, np^kq^l, n\frac{q^{2l}+p^{2k}}{2}, $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula> for any positive integer $ n $ if for $ a = a_1a_2 $ with $ a_1\equiv 1 \pmod 8 $ not a square and $ \gcd(a_1, a_2) = 1 $, then there exists a prime divisor $ P $ of $ a_2 $ such that $ \left(\frac{a_1}{P}\right) = -1 $ and $ 2|m_1, a\equiv 5 \pmod 8 $ or $ 2\not|m_2, a\equiv 3\pmod 8 $.</abstract>

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Koga, Shunsaku, Thomas J. Barstow, Tomoyuki Shiojiri, Tetsuo Takaishi, Yoshiyuki Fukuba, Narihiko Kondo, Manabu Shibasaki, and David C. Poole. "Effect of muscle mass on V˙o 2kinetics at the onset of work." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.461.

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The dependence of O2 uptake (V˙o 2) kinetics on the muscle mass recruited under conditions when fiber and muscle recruitment patterns are similar following the onset of exercise has not been determined. We developed a motorized cycle ergometer that facilitated one-leg (1L) cycling in which the electromyographic (EMG) profile of the active muscles was not discernibly altered from that during two-leg (2L) cycling. Six subjects performed 1L and 2L exercise transitions from unloaded cycling to moderate [<ventilatory threshold (VT)] and heavy (>VT) exercise. The 1L condition yielded kinetics that was unchanged from the 2L condition [the phase 2 time constants (τ1, in s) for <VT were as follows: 1L = 16.8±8.4 (SD), 2L = 18.4 ± 8.1, P > 0.05; for >VT: 1L = 26.8 ± 12.0; 2L = 27.8 ± 16.1, P > 0.05]. The overall V˙o 2 kinetics (mean response time) was not significantly different for the two exercise conditions. However, the gain of the fast component (the amplitude/work rate) during the 1L exercise was significantly higher than that for the 2L exercise for both moderate and heavy work rates. The slow-component responses evident for heavy exercise were temporally and quantitatively unaffected by the 1L condition. These data demonstrate that, when leg muscle recruitment patterns are unchanged as assessed by EMG analysis, on-transient V˙o 2 kinetics for both moderate and heavy exercise are not dependent on the muscle mass recruited.

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Sleiman, Dona, Pierre Simon Garcia, Marion Lagune, Jerome Loc’h, Ahmed Haouz, Najwa Taib, Pascal Röthlisberger, Simonetta Gribaldo, Philippe Marlière, and Pierre Alexandre Kaminski. "A third purine biosynthetic pathway encoded by aminoadenine-based viral DNA genomes." Science 372, no. 6541 (April 29, 2021): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe6494.

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Cells have two purine pathways that synthesize adenine and guanine ribonucleotides from phosphoribose via inosylate. A chemical hybrid between adenine and guanine, 2-aminoadenine (Z), replaces adenine in the DNA of the cyanobacterial virus S-2L. We show that S-2L and Vibrio phage PhiVC8 encode a third purine pathway catalyzed by PurZ, a distant paralog of succinoadenylate synthase (PurA), the enzyme condensing aspartate and inosylate in the adenine pathway. PurZ condenses aspartate with deoxyguanylate into dSMP (N6-succino-2-amino-2′-deoxyadenylate), which undergoes defumarylation and phosphorylation to give dZTP (2-amino-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate), a substrate for the phage DNA polymerase. Crystallography and phylogenetics analyses indicate a close relationship between phage PurZ and archaeal PurA enzymes. Our work elucidates the biocatalytic innovation that remodeled a DNA building block beyond canonical molecular biology.

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Varghese, Della, Giovanna I. Cruz, Colden Johanson, Liz Toland, Miguel Miranda, Eleanor C. Faherty, David Harland, and Henry G. Kaplan. "Abstract P1-11-19: A real-world evidence study of treatment patterns in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have received at least 2-lines of therapy." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P1–11–19—P1–11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p1-11-19.

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Abstract Background. Standard-of-care treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+ mBC) patients has traditionally included targeted therapies such as trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab in first line (1L) and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in the second line (2L). In 2021, fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd, Enhertu®) was approved following DESTINY-Breast 03 trial results, demonstrating a significant reduction in the risk of progression compared to T-DM1 in 2L. Contemporary data on treatment patterns and clinical outcomes for HER2+ mBC patients after their 1L therapy in a real-world setting is limited and would help understand whether all eligible patients receive optimal and timely targeted therapies. This study aimed to report 2L treatment patterns and outcomes among HER2+ mBC patients in the United States (US). Methods. Adult HER2+ mBC patients with ≥2 lines of therapy were identified from the Syapse Learning Health Network (LHN) database; a longitudinal US oncology database integrating data from community health systems, labs and other external sources. Included patients initiated 2L treatment for metastatic disease between January 2014-February 2021 (index date), allowing for 12-months of follow-up. Descriptive statistics for patient characteristics, treatment patterns including prior metastatic treatments, time to treatment discontinuation (TTD), and reasons for 2L discontinuation were reported. Results. Of the 15,241 breast cancer patients in the LHN with abstracted data, 312 HER2+ mBC patients received ≥2L treatment. The patients were mostly White (69%) or African American (21%), median age of 59 years (interquartile range [IQR], 50-66) at start of 2L. The African American population was typically diagnosed young (median age 50 [IQR, 44-61] vs. 54 [IQR, 46-62] years) with stage IV disease at initial diagnosis (69% vs 62%) versus Whites. Majority of the 312 patients had stage IV disease at initial diagnosis (62%); most common sites of metastasis at mBC diagnosis were bone (52%), distant lymph node(s) (38%), liver (36%) and brain (10%). The median length of follow-up was 22 months (IQR, 13-37), 54% had initiated their 2L therapy since 2018. Majority of the 312 patients had received a trastuzumab-based (T-based) regimen in 1L (78%). Among the 312 patients, 37% had received only 2 lines of therapy in the metastatic setting, 28% received 3 and 35% received ≥4 lines of therapy. In 2L, 89% of the 312 patients received a HER2-targeted treatment (monotherapy or combination); the most frequent 2L regimens included T-DM1 monotherapy (29%), trastuzumab/pertuzumab/taxane (10%) and T-DM1/trastuzumab (8%). Subsequently, 197 of the 312 patients (63%) received 3L therapy. Among these 197 patients, T-DM1 monotherapy (19%), T-DXd monotherapy (10%) and capecitabine/lapatinib (8%) were the most frequently reported 3L regimens. Around 88% (n=274) of the 312 patients discontinued their 2L therapy. Median TTD of 2L from index date was 7.2 months (95% CI, 6.5-8.9); median TTD was 10.6 months (95% CI, 7.4-14.0) among a sub-group of patients who received a T-based regimen in their 2L (N=116). Approximately 47% of patients discontinued their 2L regimen due to progression/worsening of cancer, 17% discontinued from intolerance/toxicity in the absence of progression. Conclusions. This study suggests the treatment trajectory of US HER2+ mBC patients is variable in the real world clinical practice. Approximately two-thirds of the 2L patients had to receive a subsequent therapy and disease progression was the most common reason for 2L treatment discontinuation, reflecting a remaining need to improve outcomes for patients in 2L HER2+ disease. Citation Format: Della Varghese, Giovanna I. Cruz, Colden Johanson, Liz Toland, Miguel Miranda, Eleanor C. Faherty, David Harland, Henry G. Kaplan. A real-world evidence study of treatment patterns in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have received at least 2-lines of therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-19.

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Stokolos, Alexander. "PROPERTIES OF THE MAXIMAL OPERATORS ASSOCIATED WITH BASES OF RECTANGLES IN $\mathbb{R}^3$." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 51, no. 2 (June 2008): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091506001180.

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AbstractThis paper is an attempt to understand a phenomenon of maximal operators associated with bases of three-dimensional rectangles of dimensions $(t,1/t,s)$ within a framework of more general Soria bases. The Jessen–Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund Theorem implies that the maximal operator associated with a Soria basis continuously maps $L\log^2L$ into $L^{1,\infty}$. We give a simple geometric condition that guarantees that the $L\log^2L$ class cannot be enlarged. The proof develops the author's methods applied previously in the two-dimensional case and is related to theorems of Córdoba, Soria and Fefferman and Pipher.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "S-2L"

Czernecki, Dariusz. "Discovery and structure-function studies of key factors behind the non-canonical ZTGC-DNA observed in Siphoviridae family." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS199.

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Le but de cette thèse est de décrire le chemin métabolique permettant de remplacer l’adénine (A) par la 2-aminoadénine (Z) dans le génome de bactériophages Siphoviridae. La 2-aminoadénine et la thymine (T) forment la paire Z:T, liée par trois liaisons hydrogène. Avec la paire G:C classique, ils forment un ADN « ZTGC » qui est résistant aux enzymes de réstriction de l’hôte. En premier lieu, mes travaux se sont focalisés sur le cyanophage S-2L, décrit comme porteur de 2-aminoadénine. J’ai d’abord étudié la primase-polymérase, PrimPol, responsable de la réplication de l’ADN chez ces phages, et qui possède la capacité surprenante d’incorporer à la fois le dATP et le dZTP. J’ai ensuite caractérisé une triphosphatase dATP-spécifique, appelée DatZ, conservée chez tous les bactériophages Siphoviridae, responsable de la dégradation spécifique du dATP. J’ai également mis en évidence que PurZ, l’enzyme-clé pour la production de la diaminopurine est non seulement une ATPase mais aussi une dATPase. J’ai identifié une nucléotide pyrophosphatase, appelée MazZ, composant essentiel du chemin de biosynthèse de Z, qui convertit dGTP en dGMP, en générant ainsi un des substrats de PurZ. Structures cristallographiques de haute résolution de tous les 4 enzymes avec leurs ligands respectifs expliquent les spécificités observées dans les tests catalytiques – ou leur absence. Enfin, j’ai caractérisé une structure d’une ADN polymérase Z-spécifique de famille A, PolZ, trouvée dans le vibriophage φVC8, mais absente dans S-2L. J’ai résolu sa structure cristallographique en modes polymérase et exonuléase « couplé-ouvert » et « couplé-fermé », permettant de decrire son activité au niveau atomique
The subject for this thesis is to dissect the enzymatic pathway allowing a non-canonical base 2-aminoadenine, or diaminopurine (Z) to replace adenine (A) in the genomes of a number of Siphoviridae bacteriophages. 2-aminoadenine and thymine (T) form the Z:T pair bound by fully saturated triple hydrogen bond. Together with the standard G:C pair they form ZTGC-DNA which is resistant to host’s restriction enzymes. I first focus on cyanophage S-2L, the originally-described bearer of 2-aminoadenine. I identify a DNA primase-polymerase, PrimPol, responsible for its replication, with surprisingly similar activity towards dATP and dZTP. This prompted the characterization of a dATP-specific triphosphatase, DatZ. Its activity and conservation between the phages of interest explains the mechanism behind adenine removal. Secondly, I find that PurZ of phage S-2L’s, a key enzyme in diaminopurine production, is not only an ATPase but also a dATPase. I identify a nucleotide pyrophosphatase, MazZ, as an essential component of the conserved Z biosynthetic pathway, that converts dGTP into dGMP, thus generating one of the substrates of PurZ. High resolution crystallographic structures of all 4 enzymes with their respective ligands explain the specificities observed in catalytic tests - or lack thereof. Finally, I characterized the structure of a Z-specific family A DNA polymerase, PolZ, found in a related vibriophage φVC8 but absent in S-2L. Its crystallographic structure in polymerase-exonuclease “coupled-open” and “coupled-close” states offers an explanation for the observed specificity

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Canteri, Hugues. "Mise au point, optimisation et extrapolation de nouveaux procédés d'agitation et d'aération aux échelles 2L, 900L et 10m3 pour les souches D. Hansenii, s. Carnosus et P. Candidum." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0332/document.

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Les objectifs de cette thèse sont, d’une part, de développer un système d’agitation performant en termes de transfert d‘oxygène et de forces de cisaillement afin qu’il soit adapté aux cultures de levures, de bactéries et de champignons filamenteux. D’autre part, de mettre au point un procédé de production des spores de champignons en milieu liquide pour remplacer la culture sur milieu solide (boîte de roux) utilisée au démarrage de la thèse par la société DSM. Ces travaux ont permis de sélectionner le mobile type « oreilles d’éléphant » comme système d’agitation. Son efficacité de transfert d’oxygène a été caractérisée dans une large gamme de débits d’air et de vitesses d’agitation. Les données obtenues ont été modélisées pour développer un outil de prédiction du KLa et d’extrapolation de procédé d’agitation. L’approche utilisée pour l’extrapolation est basée sur la similitude non géométrique et le maintien du coefficient de transfert d’oxygène (KLa) constant entre les échelles. L’efficacité du nouveau mobile d’agitation a été validée à l’échelle pilote en présence des cultures de bactéries, de levures et de champignons. Parallèlement au choix du mobile d’agitation, un procédé de production de spores de champignons filamenteux en milieu liquide a été développé. Ainsi, le milieu de culture et les conditions opératoires de chaque étape de la fermentation (germination, croissance végétative et sporulation) ont été optimisés. Ce nouveau procédé permet d’obtenir jusqu’à 200.106 cellules par millilitre de culture aussi bien à l’échelle du laboratoire que pilote (900L). Il a été aussi validé en présence de cultures de levures et de bactéries. Sur le même principe, les données obtenues à l’échelle pilote ont permis de développer un outil d’extrapolation à l’échelle industrielle de 10 m3
The objectives of this thesis are, on one hand, to develop an efficient system of agitation in terms of oxygen transfer and shear stress, suited for the fermentation of yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi, on the other hand, to develop a process of spore production in a liquid medium. This new process will be used instead of the solid culture in Roux flasks used by DSM at the beginning of the PhD program. In a first step, we have selected “Elephant Ears” impellers as stirrers; its effectiveness of oxygen transfer was characterized in a broad range of stirring speeds and airflow rates. The data obtained were modeled and a predictive tool for KLa and process extrapolation was developed. The extrapolation is based on the non-geometrical similarity and the coefficient of oxygen transfer (KLa) was kept constant between scales. The effectiveness of the new stirrer was validated in a pilot-scale in the presence of the cultures of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. Besides the studies on the stirrer, a process in a liquid medium of filamentous fungi was developed. Thus, the fermentation medium and the operating conditions of each steps of the fermentation (germination, vegetative growth, and sporulation) were optimized. This new process makes possible to obtain up to 200.106 cells per milliliter of culture on both laboratory and pilot scale (900L). Finally, the data gathered on the pilot scale was used to extrapolate this process to the industrial-scale of 10m3

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Books on the topic "S-2L"

Inc, Versar, and United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Sacramento District., eds. Asbestos abatement survey performed at Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, California: Report category 2L, residential buildings--1700's. Alameda, Calif: Versar, 1990.

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Conference papers on the topic "S-2L"

Oliveira, Rafael F., Vander L. S. Freitas, Gladston J. P. Moreira, and Eduardo J. S. Luz. "Explorando Redes Neurais de Grafos para Classificação de Arritmias." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Aplicada à Saúde. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcas.2022.222510.

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Arritmia cardíaca é uma condição de risco e seu diagnóstico precoce é de fundamental importância. Por isso, a automação do processo de identificação de arritmia é desejável. Neste contexto, um modelo de classificação automática de arritmias em sinais de eletrocardiograma (ECG) é proposto baseado em Graph Neural Network (GNN) e o batimento cardíaco representado por meio de um grafo via algoritmo Visibility Graph (VG). São avaliados três modelos de redes GNN: uma rede convolutional de grafos com duas camadas (GCN-2L), outra com três camadas (GCN-3L) e GraphSAGE (GraphSAGE-4L). Sob o paradigma interpatient, o modelo GraphSAGE-4L apresentou o melhor desempenho, obtendo F1-score médio de 0,86 para as classes N, S e V.

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Liu, Weijie, Bing Ge, Yinshen Tian, Shusheng Zang, Shilie Weng, Mingjia Li, and Wenyan Xu. "Experimental Study on Instability Characteristics of Low-Swirl Flames in a Multi-Nozzle Combustor With Different Swirling Arrays." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56714.

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This paper presents experimental study on self-excited combustion instability characteristics of premixed low-swirl flames in a multi-nozzle can combustor with counter-swirl and co-swirl arrays. Experiments were carried out over a wide range of inlet velocity from 4 m/s to 15.5 m/s and equivalence ratio from 0.5 to 0.85. Phase-locked OH planar laser-induced fluorescence was employed to measure flame shape and identify heat release rate. Four operation regions: stable combustion region, unstable combustion region, flashback region and extinguish region are observed for both array burners. The stable operating window for counter-swirl array is wider compared to the co-swirl array. Pressure fluctuation amplitude for co-swirl burner is larger than the counter-swirl arrangement at the same operating condition. In the unstable combustion region, the counter-swirl flames trigger the 2L mode of the combustion system while co-swirl flames incite three longitudinal modes with the highest amplitude near 3L. Rayleigh index distribution reveals neighboring flame interaction results in thermoacoustic coupling for multi-nozzle flames. Additionally, for counter-swirl array, thermoacoustic couplings in flame base region and shear region are also the main reasons for inducing self-excited combustion instabilities. For co-swirl array, the instability driving zones also locate at the lip region and the tail of center flame.

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Schiefer, T., M. Hollenbach, J. Tünnemann, J. Feisthammel, T. Karlas, B. Holler, M. Heindl, et al. "Prospektive Beobachtungsstudie zum Vergleich von 1l NER1006 und 2l Polyethylenglykol in ambulanten und stationären Patienten." In Viszeralmedizin 2021 Gemeinsame Jahrestagung Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS), Sektion Endoskopie der DGVS, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie (DGAV). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1734032.

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Schiefer, T., M. Hollenbach, J. Tünnemann, J. Feisthammel, T. Karlas, B. Holler, M. Heindl, et al. "Prospective Observational Study of 1L NER1006 Compared to 2L Polyethylene Glycol in Inpatients and Outpatients." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724788.

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Topa, M., R. Caccia, A. Rimondi, L. Elli, F. Cavallaro, C. Gentile, L. Scaramella, et al. "Bowel Preparation for Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy: Standard Regimen with 2L PEG versus 1L PEG plus Ascorbate." In ESGE Days 2024. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1783418.

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Koo, J. S., D. Kim, J. Baik, and Y. T. Jeen. "Comparisons of efficacy and safety between 1L and 2L water intake during bowel preparation with 1L-PEG and ascorbate for colonoscopy." In ESGE Days 2023. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1765156.

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Hong, SN, Lee CK, J. PIm, Choi CH, Byeon JS, Cho YS, Jung SA, Kim TI, and Jeen YT. "Efficacy and Safety of Very Low-Volume Bowel Preparation With 1L Plenvu Comparison With 2L Peg-Asc: Multicenter, Randomized, Endoscopist-Blinded Study." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724507.

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Álvarez-González, MA, and L. Clayton. "More Young Adults Detected With 3+ Adenomas After Bowel Preparation with 1L Polyethylene Glycol Ner1006 Versus 2L Polyethylene Glycol or Oral Sulfate Solution." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724695.

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Álvarez-González, MA, and J. Halonen. "More Adult Male Patients Detected with 5+ Adenomas after Bowel Preparation with 1L Polyethylene Glycol Ner1006 Versus 2L Polyethylene Glycol or Oral Sulfate Solution." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724696.

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