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1
Baranov, D. V., A. O. Utkina, and A. V. Panin. "Tver proglacial lake (Tver region, Russia): myth or reality." Limnology and Freshwater Biology, no. 4 (2022): 1383–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2022-a-4-1383.
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Abstract. In this study we aimed to find a Tver proglacial lake in the Upper Volga low land at the Late Valdai that it have been reconstructed by D.D. Kvasov. Our field studies did not verify previously reconstructed lake terraces at 135 140 and 120 125 m a.s.l., though at 140 m a.s.l. we found the Volga River terrace near Seslavie (Tver region, Russia). According to OSL data from this terrace, the Volga River has existed in the Upper Volga lowland ever since the LGM.
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Schletterer, Martin, Leopold Füreder, Vyacheslav Viktorovich Kuzovlev, Kyrill Yuryevich Zhenikov, and Yuri Nikolayevich Zhenikov. "REFCOND-VOLGA: a monitoring programme for water quality in the headwaters of the Volga River (Tver region, Russia)." Revista Eletrônica de Gestão e Tecnologias Ambientais 4, no. 1 (November 23, 2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/gesta.v4i1.16288.
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<p>Within the research expedition “Upper Volga 2005” an assessment of hydrological, limnochemical and biological parameters was carried out in the Volga River upstream of Tver, including the main channel as well as major tributaries. This assessment revealed that the headwaters of the Volga River represent conditions which are either reference or least disturbed and stipulated the establishment of the monitoring programme “REFCOND_VOLGA”, which is in operation since 2006 and includes stretches along the Volga River (Rzhev, Staritsa, Tver) as well as along the tributary Tudovka.</p>This paper summarizes the “first 10 years” of this joint Russia-Austrian research project, focusing on a sound description of the research area and providing a complementary view on the available data as well as a view ahead.
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Ugleva, S. V., and S. V. Shabalina. "Ricketsioses in the Lower Volga region." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 98, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-60.
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The aim of this work was to describe the features of the epidemiology and clinic of rickettsioses at the Lower Volga region.Materials and methods. Scientific papers on searchable electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY and ResearchGate) were selected and analyzed. Of the 256 found sources, the authors selected 87, taking into account the keywords, after an analysis of the selected literature, 30 sources were included in the present study in accordance with the topic of the work.Results. On the territory of the Lower Volga region, including the Astrakhan region, two rickettsioses are recorded: rickettsiosis from the tick-borne spotted fevers group — Astrakhan spotted fever (APL) and Q fever (coxiellosis). APL is a relatively new rickettsiosis common in the Caspian Sea basin, along the floodplain of the river Volga to Volgograd, capturing the steppes of Kalmykia. Q fever is recorded in many countries of the world, and in Russia, in terms of its importance and distribution, it occupies one of the first places among endemic diseases. The clinical characteristics of these rickettsioses are also presented.Conclusions. The study of the epidemiology and clinic of rickettsial infections remains relevant.
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Karmazina, Inessa O., Stanislav K. Korb, Andrey P. Mikhailenko, Alexander B. Ruchin, Nikolai V. Shulaev, Leonid V. Egorov, and Victor V. Aleksanov. "The last Pleistocene glaciations phylogeography episode of Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in the Volga River basin based on the mtDNA Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene fragment." Acta Biologica Sibirica 6 (September 18, 2020): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/abs.6.e56139.
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This study is to research the phylogeography of Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761) in the Volga river basin based on the mtDNA Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene fragment at the last Pleistocene glaciation episode. The studied location is the Volga river basin, a territory within the central and partially southern parts of European Russia; it includes the rivers Volga, Oka, Khoper and Don basins. We used the traditional molecular phylogeography methods: mtDNA COI gene fragment from the key locations within the studied area was sequenced and then analyzed (cladogram topology, haplotype diversity, cladogram calibration etc.). The phylogenetic tree shows the dispersion of our samples over the following regions: Lower Volga, Middle Volga, Lower Oka, Middle Oka, Upper Oka, Don basin, Khoper basin. Nine haplotypes determined from our samples; they are grouped into 7 haplogroups. Six of them are in the basins of the main rivers of the Volga region: three haplogroups - on the Oka (Upper, Middle and Lower Oka respectively), haplogroups of the Khoper and Don basins, and the haplogroup of the Middle Volga combining two subgroups – Lower and Middle Volga basins. The distribution of found haplogroups correlates with big river basins in the Volga area (Volga, Oka, Khoper, Don).
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Korolev, Alexey A., Djamila F. Amirova, and Maxim V. Tokarev. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE ISLAMIC «RENAISSANCE» IN POST-SOVIET RUSSIA IN THE LATE 1980s – 1990s (based on materials from the Central Volga Region)." Historical Search 1, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-4-45-51.
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The article describes the content and forms of the «revival» of Islam in the Middle Volga region – an increase in the number of mosques, the training and training of ministers of the Islamic cult, the restoration of the system of Muslim education and education, etc.; the practice of interaction between authorities and believers in the conditions of post-Soviet Russia is considered. The significant role of the Muslim mass media in the process of the revival of Islam is analyzed. The newspapers in the Tatar language, for the most part, were of a cultural and educational nature and were intended for a reader who is actively interested in the traditions of his people. Compact living with the Russians and, as a result, some Russification of the Tatars on the territory of the Middle Volga region became the main reason that Muslim newspapers were published in whole or in part in Russian. Initially, there were virtually no analytical materials in the Muslim publications, the information was presented somewhat one-sided, the bulk of the publications were devoted to the description or explanation of religious rites, etc. Virtually all Islamic newspapers were loyal to federal and local authorities. The process of reviving Muslim education is also considered. Almost in all regions of compact residence of Muslims, secondary, higher and special religious educational institutions were established. The Islamic «renaissance» proceeded at a slower pace than the Orthodox, and, first of all, in the Middle Volga region, since the local party and Soviet authorities were characterized by strong inertia, misunderstanding of the processes taking place; there were no corresponding serious spiritual structures and organizations that could become the initiators and implementers of new tasks. Islam in post-Soviet Russia existed fundamentally in different conditions than in the Russian Empire or the USSR. The relationship between the muftis – leaders of the Spiritual Directorates of Muslims and the federal authorities – was characterized by constancy and certainty. Representatives of the Islamic cult were represented in almost all high government levels in the country. At the turn of 20th – 21st centuries. Islam in the Middle Volga region did not become a serious factor of political socialization and a component of the political culture of the Tatar-Muslim ethno-confessional groups.
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Seleznevа, A. V., and I. S. Dedovа. "Morphogenetic analysis of erosion topography the right Volga river bank (Volgograd region, Russia)." Geomorphology RAS, no. 4 (November 8, 2019): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0435-42812019488-101.
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The article is devoted to a detailed morphogenetic analysis of erosion topography of the right Volga river bank (Volgograd region, Russia). The estimation of the factors in the development of erosion processes: lithological, geomorphological, climatic, biotic. It is established that the general trends of the development and the propagation of gully systems depend on the zonal conditions, and their specificity from structural-lithological and geomorphological features of the area. The actual basis for the work, based on data from field observations, interpretation of satellite imagery, morphometric processing of topographic maps. The obtained results were used for compiling maps, morphometric characteristics of the relief and zoning of the right bank of the Volgograd city according to the intensity of erosion processes. It was established that the studied area is among the most erosion-affected territories in the European part of Russia with the average erosion density of the network from 0.10.3 up to 34 km/km2. Comparison of factors determining the intensity of the evolution and morphology of gully systems led to the conclusion that modern intensification of erosion is the result of economic activities.
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Podshivalina, V. N., and N. G. Sheveleva. "First record of Sinodiaptomus sarsi (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the East European Plain." Zoosystematica Rossica 29, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2020.29.1.60.
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The calanoid copepod species Sinodiaptomus sarsi (Rylov, 1923) is recorded from the East European Plain (the Sura River floodplain, Middle Volga Region, Russia) for the first time. A brief description and illustrations of the species are provided, and some differences between its European and Asian populations are revealed. The studied population of S. sarsi from the Sura River basin is mostly similar in morphological characters to populations from China and Japan.
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Dronin, G. "PLANTS FROM RED BOOK OF RUSSIA IN THE SYZRANKA RIVER BASIN (MIDDLE VOLGA REGION)." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Natural sciences), no. 5 (2015): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-7189-2015-5-20-25.
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Vakalova, E. V., A. M. Butenko, T. V. Vishnevskaya, T. E. Dorofeeva, A. K. Gitelman, L. N. Kulikova, D. K. Lvov, and S. V. Alkhovsky. "Results of investigation of ticks in Volga river delta (Astrakhan region, 2017) for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (Nairoviridae, Orthonairovirus, CCHFV) and other tick-borne arboviruses." Problems of Virology, Russian journal 64, no. 5 (October 20, 2019): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-2019-64-5-221-228.
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Introduction. There are natural foci of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) that vectored by Hyalomma marginatum ticks in Volga river delta (Astrakhan region, South of Russia). The circulation of Dhori virus (DHOV) (Thogotovirus: Orthomyxoviridae) has been also shown here. We hypothesized that other tick-borne arboviruses are also likely to circulate in the region. In particular, Bhanja virus (Phlebovirus: Phenuiviridae), Wad Medani virus (Orbivirus: Reoviridae), and Tamdy virus (Orthonairovirus: Nairoviridae), which were found to circulate in neighboring regions and are vectored by Haemaphysalis spp., Dermacenter spp., and Hyalomma spp. ticks.Goals and objectives. The aim of the study was to examine ixodid ticks in Volga river delta for the presence of CCHFV, DHOV, Bhanja virus, Wad Medani virus, and Tamdy virus.Material and methods. Ticks were collected in Volga river delta in 2017. We used molecular genetic methods for the detection and analysis of nucleic acids (PCR, sequencing, phylogenetic analysis).Results. We detect CCHFV and DHOV RNA in H. marginatum ticks. The rate of infected H. marginatum ticks was 1.98% for CCHFV and 0.4% for DHOV. The results of genetic analysis showed that found DHOV strains are almost identical (99- 100% in the M gene) and forms a separate genetic lineage alongside of Batken virus from Central Asia. At the same time, Bhanja virus, Wad Medani virus, and Tamdy virus were not found in ticks, collected in this region.Conclusions. DHOV is circulating in the natural foci of CCHF in the Volga river delta. The ratio of infection of H. marginatum with CCHFV and DHOV was determined for the first time.
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Boldyreva, Ekaterina. "Glazed pottery of the Eastern origin in the South part of the Eastern Europe. The main types and sourses of production." Rossiiskaia arkheologiia, no. 4 (December 2021): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086960630015281-8.
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The article focuses on the analysis of glazed ware imported into the southern regions of Russia from the Early Middle Ages to the Golden Horde period. The author studied most common types of glazed ware and their sources. In order to compare, the paper considers the groups of ware brought to the Pontic and the Volga River regions. From the 7th century in the northern Pontic region, vessels produced in Constantinople appeared. Various groups of Byzantine pottery were recorded there till the beginning of the Golden Horde period. In the Caspian region, glazed ware appeared not earlier than the middle-late 9th – early 10th century coming there from Central Asia and the Middle East. In the 11th century, there were no significant changes in the sources and number of imported products in the Pontic, while the Volga River region falls under the influence of the North-Eastern Caucasus, Transcaucasia and the Middle East (mainly Iran). In the second half – end of the 12th century, the Volga region was becoming one of the key areas points in the trade of kashi ware of Middle Eastern origin. In the 14th century, Byzantine ware first appeared there. The same period was marked with the rise in local pottery production in the Pontic and Azov littoral which contributed to the spread of these products throughout Eastern Europe.
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BARANOVA, Margarita N., Andrey V. MALTSEV, and Daria I. VASILYEVA. "INFLUENCE OF MAJOR LOWLAND WATER BASINS ON GEOTECHNICAL STATUS OF LOESS SOILS." Urban construction and architecture 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2017): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.02.2.
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The prevalence of loess soils in North Eurasia steppe zone causes their frequent use as building foundations. In this regard their geotechnical features are of particular importance. In European part of Russia loess soils are widespread in mid-Volga region which present at the moment tandem reservoir system created more than 50 years ago. In reservoir area major lowland rivers show rapid increase of groundwater level that has negative consequences in the case of loess soils. In Samara region there are two great lowland water basins on Volga river (Kuibyshev and Saratov Reservoirs) which have a great impact on environment. Loess soils geotechnical features, geological processes, material composition and microstructure as well as their changes in underfl ooding are described.Underfl ooding infl uence on loess soils in urban development conditions are studied.
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Shishlina, N. I., J. van der Plicht, and M. A. Turetsky. "The Lebyazhinka Burial Ground (Middle Volga Region, Russia): New 14C Dates and the Reservoir Effect." Radiocarbon 60, no. 2 (November 16, 2017): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2017.94.
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AbstractWe report new accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates of bones from humans, animals, and fish from grave 12 of the Lebyazhinka V Eneolithic burial ground in the middle Volga River region, Russia. Earlier conventional dates established a chronology. This has to be adjusted by new insights: the date has to be corrected for reservoir effects. For this purpose we redated bone from a human, and for herbivore and freshwater fauna from the same context, and included measurements of the stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N. The reservoir offset for the human appears to be about 700 14C yr.
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Kondrateva, Tatiana, and Larisa Nazarova. "Preliminary data on the chironomid fauna of the Middle Volga region within the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) based on hydrobiological monitoring studies." CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research, no. 28 (December 22, 2015): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/cjcr.v0i28.1876.
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<p>Here we provide a new list of chironomid taxa from the middle section of the River Volga (within the Republic of Tatarstan) and its tributaries (Mesha, Kazanka, Svijaga, Steppe Zai, Vjatka, Big Cheremshan, Tojma, Avlashka, Jurashka, and small inundated reservoir of Kazan). Chironomids were investigated from hydrobiological collections of zoobenthos completed by the Meteorological service of Russia (FPBI “Management of hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring of the Republic of Tatarstan”).</p>
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Podshivalina, V. N., N. G. Sheveleva, A. S. Semenova, and I. M. Mirabdullayev. "Eudiaptomus transylvanicus and E. vulgaris (Copepoda: Calanoida: Diaptomidae): comparative morphology, distribution and ecology." Zoosystematica Rossica 31, no. 1 (April 11, 2022): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2022.31.1.42.
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Two closely related, difficult to diagnose calanoid copepod species, Eudiaptomus transylvanicus (Daday, 1891) and E. vulgaris (Schmeil, 1898), were studied based on the new material from the Sura River floodplain (the Middle Volga region, European Russia). The redescriptions and illustrations of two species are provided. The main diagnostic differences between these species are refined. New characters useful in the identification of E. transylvanicus are proposed. The data on distribution and habitats of the two species are reviewed and briefly analysed.
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SCHLETTERER, M., E. BAUERNFEIND, and W. LECHTHALER. "Larval redescription of Prosopistoma pennigerum (MÜLLER, 1785) from the River Volga near Rzhev, Tver Region, Russia (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)." Zoosymposia 11 (November 18, 2016): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.11.1.6.
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Prosopistomatidae are a monotypic mayfly family, comprising at present about 25 nominal species, distributed throughout the Palaearctic, Oriental, Australian and Afrotropical Realms, but missing from the Nearctic and Neotropics. Larvae of Prosopistoma pennigerum (the species name ’pennigerum’ relating to the feather-like caudal filaments) had been discovered in 1762 by Étienne Louis Geoffroy in the neighbourhood of Paris and initially considered to represent a taxon related to Triops SCHRANK (Crustacea: Notostraca). Only in 1871, more than 100 years later, Émile Joly realized that the ‘binocle à queue en plumet’ was in fact a mayfly larva. Although recorded from various rivers throughout Europe in the past, nowadays most populations are considered lost or extinct. In 2006 the species was found in the Volga River, which represented the first record from the Russian Federation. On the basis of this material a detailed larval redescription of P. pennigerum is provided and discriminating characters and their variation are compared with previous descriptions and illustrations. The morphological description includes micrographs of relevant features, produced with special image processing software. Presumptive larval habitat requirements of P. pennigerum as observed at the R. Volga are summarized and discussed in comparison with earlier records.
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Ilyina, Valentina, Anna Mitroshenkova, Stepan Senator, Vera Solovyeva, and Stanislav Rogov. "Impact of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones (European part of Russia, Middle Volga region)." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126501019.
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The effect of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones in the south-east of European Russia (the middle course of the Volga River) has been evaluated. The research used methods of studying biosystems at organism, species, population and cenotic levels. The study revealed the possibility of regrowth of aboveground plant parts after fires, changes in the population structure of species, and resistance of populations and zonal plant communities to the effects of natural fires. The most vulnerable among zonal vegetation types are pine forests, feather-grass and petrophytic steppes. Frequency, intensity and area of natural fires in the Middle Volga region cause significant changes in the structure of vegetation cover and reduction of biodiversity. The results obtained in the study of the impact of fires on vegetation can be used in the planning and implementation of environmental and reforestation measures.
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Korolev, Arkadii, Anna Kochkina, and Dmitry Stashenkov. "The Early Eneolithic burial ground at Ekaterinovsky Cape in the forest-steppe Volga region." Documenta Praehistorica 46 (December 9, 2019): 388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.46-24.
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The Ekaterinovsky Cape burial ground is located on the territory of the Samara region of Russia on the left bank of the River Volga. The excavation of the burial ground was carried out in 2013–2018. During this time we studied 100 graves, including sacrificial sites with ceramics of collar type and sacrificial complexes. Most of the skeletons were in an extended position on their backs. There are some skeletons on their backs with legs bent at the knees, secondary burials and separate burials of skulls. Ochre was used. The inventory included beads made from shells, stone products, animal teeth, bones and horns. There we distinguished graves with stone sceptres and zoomorphic rods made from the horn. The burial ground belongs to the Samara culture and dates from the second half of the 6th millennium BC.
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Korolev, Arkadii, Anna Kochkina, and Dmitry Stashenkov. "The Early Eneolithic burial ground at Ekaterinovsky Cape in the forest-steppe Volga region." Documenta Praehistorica 46 (December 9, 2019): 388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.46.24.
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The Ekaterinovsky Cape burial ground is located on the territory of the Samara region of Russia on the left bank of the River Volga. The excavation of the burial ground was carried out in 2013–2018. During this time we studied 100 graves, including sacrificial sites with ceramics of collar type and sacrificial complexes. Most of the skeletons were in an extended position on their backs. There are some skeletons on their backs with legs bent at the knees, secondary burials and separate burials of skulls. Ochre was used. The inventory included beads made from shells, stone products, animal teeth, bones and horns. There we distinguished graves with stone sceptres and zoomorphic rods made from the horn. The burial ground belongs to the Samara culture and dates from the second half of the 6th millennium BC.
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Strelnikova, Nina I., and Ekaterina N. Nikitina. "Some Cretaceous and Paleogene Trinacria, Medlinia, Sheshukovia species from Russia (Volga river region, Western Siberia), Kazakhstan and Ukraine." Nova Hedwigia, Beihefte 147 (October 4, 2018): 193–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2018/017.
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Golovatyuk, Larisa V., Tatiana D. Zinchenko, and Larisa B. Nazarova. "Macrozoobenthic communities of the saline Bolshaya Samoroda River (Lower Volga region, Russia): species composition, density, biomass and production." Aquatic Ecology 54, no. 1 (September 26, 2019): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09726-z.
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Sharaya, L. S., P. A. Shary, A. V. Ivanova, N. V. Kostina, and G. S. Rozenberg. "Changes in species richness of vascular plants under climate and solar radiation in the Middle Volga River region (Russia)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 607 (December 1, 2020): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/607/1/012010.
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Astashin, A. E., A. A. Fomicheva, V. A. Ufilina, M. R. Osipov, and E. V. Ilichova. "Assessment of the density of the road and path network in the landscapes of the projected Nizhny Novgorod Zavolzhye National Park as a comprehensive indicator of anthropogenic pressure (Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russia)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 979, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/979/1/012186.
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Abstract The article considers the indicators of landscape determination of anthropogenic pressure on the territory through the analysis of the density of the road and path network. This analysis allows, firstly, to assess the level of preservation of the landscapes of the territory, secondly, it allows to find the territories that allow to use the already established network of roads for laying tourist routes, which in the future must be taken into account during the projecting of the functional zones of the national park; thirdly, it allows to establish the landscape determination of the anthropogenic pressure on the territories of the forest zone of Central Russia. The object of the research is the territory of the projected national park in the Nizhny Novgorod region (Russia), lying in the left-bank part of the Volga River valley in its middle course.
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Ermolaeva, Olga Sergeevna, and Anatoly Mikhailovich Zeyliger. "Classification and zoning of total evaporation flows for vegetation for the territory of the Marksovsky district of the Saratov region obtained according to the product MOD 16 ET in 2003-2017." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp83-88.
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This paper presents the results of the classification and zoning of the evapotranspiration fluxes for the growing season ETaw in the Marksovsky district of the Saratov region for the growing seasons of 2003-2017. The calculations for these types of spatial analysis were carried out in the ArcGIS Pro 2.8 software environment using the previously obtained two spatial arrays ETaw. To classify ETaw flows by land use types, we used raster datasets obtained at IIASA (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) for the territory of Russia as a result of processing and analyzing space monitoring data. Analysis of the classification results for the study area revealed a significant difference in ETaw flows in areas occupied by different types of land use. For zoning ETaw flows by distance from the left bank of the Volga River, the boundaries of seven zones were built at distances from its edge: 0-5 km; 5-10 km; 10-20 km; 20-30 km; 30-40 km; 40-50 km; 50-60 km. For the territories located within the indicated zones, the filtration of two ETaw flows was carried out, which revealed a decrease in their values as they moved away from the left bank of the Volga River
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Ermolaeva, Olga Sergeevna, and Anatoly Mikhailovich Zeyliger. "Classification and zoning of total evaporation flows for vegetation for the territory of the Marksovsky district of the Saratov region obtained according to the product MOD 16 ET in 2003-2017." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp83-88.
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This paper presents the results of the classification and zoning of the evapotranspiration fluxes for the growing season ETaw in the Marksovsky district of the Saratov region for the growing seasons of 2003-2017. The calculations for these types of spatial analysis were carried out in the ArcGIS Pro 2.8 software environment using the previously obtained two spatial arrays ETaw. To classify ETaw flows by land use types, we used raster datasets obtained at IIASA (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) for the territory of Russia as a result of processing and analyzing space monitoring data. Analysis of the classification results for the study area revealed a significant difference in ETaw flows in areas occupied by different types of land use. For zoning ETaw flows by distance from the left bank of the Volga River, the boundaries of seven zones were built at distances from its edge: 0-5 km; 5-10 km; 10-20 km; 20-30 km; 30-40 km; 40-50 km; 50-60 km. For the territories located within the indicated zones, the filtration of two ETaw flows was carried out, which revealed a decrease in their values as they moved away from the left bank of the Volga River
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Kashin, A. S., A. S. Parkhomenko, L. V. Kulikova, N. A. Petrova, I. V. Shilova, M. V. Lavrentiev, and V. A. Shushunov. "Potential Range of Bulbocodium versicolor (Ker-Gawl.) Spreng. (Colchicaceae, Liliopsida) in Russia." Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-2-241-247.
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The article presents a bioclimatic model of the potential range of Bulbocodium versicolor in European Russia. To build the model, we analyzed a matrix containing 166 B. versicolor localities in the studied region; the analysis was carried out in the SDMtoolbox program using the climatic paramaters from the WorldClim open database. The model demonstrates that, given the available dataset on the modern climatic conditions, B. versicolor may occur in a wider geographical range comprising, at the very least, the Belgorod, Voronezh, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov and Saratov provinces. Also, within European Russia, the most favorable conditions for B. versicolor are found in most of the Voronezh and Volgograd provinces as well as in some areas of the Right Bank and Left Bank of the Volga River adjacent to the Volga Upland (in the Saratov province). The maximum occurrence probability is 70–100% while the average occurrence probability is 40– 60%. The maximum contribution to the model is made by the precipitation of the warmest and most humid quarter (June–August); a smaller contribution is made by the average temperature of the coldest (December–February) and warmest (June – August) quarters as well as by the average annual precipitation. The least contribution is made by the precipitation of the most humid month (July) and the driest quarter (March–May). Finally, we conclude that bioclimatic model facilitates a better understanding of the geographical distribution of the species in question.
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Yudin, Aleksandr Ivanovich. "ORLOVKA CULTURE IN THE LIGHT OF NEW DATA ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE NEOLITHIC THE STEPPE VOLGA REGION." Samara Journal of Science 3, no. 3 (July 18, 2014): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20143224.
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The Varfolomeevka site is a basic location for the characterization of the Orlovka Neolithic culture in the steppe region of Volga River. Currently, there are 35 radiocarbon dates for the three lower layers the Varfolomeevka site. Cultural layers site produced on bone, coal, pottery and the charred crust in the six laboratories of Russia, Ukraine, Sweden and Poland. New radiocarbon dates specified chronology of the Varfolomeevka site. Layer 3 was formed in chronological interval 6200-5900 BC; layer 2 B - in the interval 6200-5700 BC; layer 2 A - in the interval 5600-5200 BC and latest Neolithic layer (1) - in the interval 5400-4800 BC. Received date suggest the following: 1. Precaspian Neolithic culture is formed on the basis of the Orlovka Neolithic culture; 2. These two cultures coexisted in the late Neolithic and the early Aeneolithic age.
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Mędelska, Jolanta. "Specyficzne warianty języków narodowych: polski północnokresowy i niemiecki nadwołżański. Perspektywy badań porównawczych." Acta Baltico-Slavica 39 (December 31, 2015): 14–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2015.004.
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Particular variations of national languages: Polish Northern Kresy dialect and Volga German. Prospects for comparative studyThe author addresses particular language codes: Polish Northern Kresy dialect and Volga German. These varieties of their respective national languages evolved in unusual circumstances. Both were located outside of their home ethnic territory and occurred mainly in the form of extensive linguistic islands.Two varieties of Polish Northern Kresy dialect took shape in the lands of presentday Lithuania, Belarus, and Latvia. Voluntarily moving to the cities and smaller towns of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poles carried with them the Polish language, which eventually was assumed by the local upper echelons, who by Polonizing produced a particular local cultural dialect. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Lithuanian and Belarusian peasants began to take up this dialect. In this manner, compact Polish language areas developed beyond the northeastern ethnic border, in other words, the areas of Northern Kresy dialect. Both varieties of the Polish language developed in the Russian Empire, where they were subjected to Russification. Once again they were drawn into the orbit of a strong Russian influence after World War II. On this basis, a new Northern Kresy cultural dialect took shape in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic.Volga German dialects, which can be categorized as transferred dialects, arrived in the Volga region in the eighteenth century with settlers from different parts of Germany, and underwent modifications in the new locale, consisting mainly of the mixing of different dialects. These evolved for a long time in isolation, from the Russian environment, from other varieties of the German language used in many places in Russia, as well as from literary German. At the end of the nineteenth century, they were officially subjected to Russification. They were again Russified (Sovietized) in the 1920s and 30s. In the Soviet period, a peculiar cultural dialect developed, based on the dialects of Volga German.The author discusses the points of contact and divergence in the history of Volga German and Polish Northern Kresy dialect, indicating possible directions for comparative research. Specyficzne warianty języków narodowych: polski północnokresowy i niemiecki nadwołżański. Perspektywy badań porównawczychAutorka zajmuje się szczególnymi kodami językowymi: polszczyzną północnokresową i niemczyzną nadwołżańską. Są to odmiany języków narodowych, które rozwijały się w niezwykłych warunkach. Oba znajdowały się poza terytorium etnicznym i występowały głównie w postaci rozległych wysp językowych.Polszczyzna północnokresowa ukształtowała się na ziemiach dzisiejszej Litwy, Białorusi, Łotwy w dwóch odmianach. Polacy dobrowolnie przenoszący się do miast i miasteczek Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego przenieśli na te tereny język polski, który z czasem przejmowały miejscowe warstwy wyższe, polonizując się i wytwarzając specyficzny miejscowy dialekt kulturalny. W II połowie XIX w. dialekt ten zaczęli przejmować chłopi litewscy i białoruscy. W ten sposób powstały zwarte obszary języka polskiego za północno-wschodnią granicą etniczną, czyli gwary północnokresowe. Obie odmiany polszczyzny rozwijały się w Imperium Rosyjskim, gdzie poddawane były rusyfikacji. Ponownie trafiły w orbitę silnego oddziaływania języka rosyjskiego po II wojnie światowej. W Litewskiej Socjalistycznej Republice Radzieckiej na ich podstawie ukształtował się nowy północnokresowy dialekt kulturalny.Dialekty niemieckie Powołża należą do gwar przeniesionych, trafiły nad Wołgę w XVIII w. wraz z przybyszami z różnych stron Niemiec, na nowym miejscu uległy modyfikacji, polegającej głównie na wymieszaniu poszczególnych gwar. Długo rozwijały się w izolacji zarówno od rosyjskiego otoczenia, jak i od innych odmian języka niemieckiego, używanych w wielu punktach Rosji, a także od niemczyzny literackiej. Pod koniec XIX w. drogą administracyjną poddano je rusyfikacji. Ponownie rusyfikowano je (sowietyzowano) w latach 20. i 30. XX w. W okresie radzieckim na bazie dialektów niemiecko-nadwołżańskich ukształtował się swoisty dialekt kulturalny.Autorka omawia punkty styczne i rozbieżne w historii niemczyzny nadwołżańskiej i polszczyzny północnokresowej, wskazując możliwe kierunki badań porównawczych.
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Manaenkov, Alexander S., and Alexander S. Ponomarev. "Forest Sustainability of Ecotopes of the Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain when Cultivating Pine Plantations." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 4 (July 5, 2022): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-4-127-145.
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In the south of European Russia, the largest sand massifs are found in the zone of dry steppes and semi-deserts. Effective utilization of such lands requires creation of protective forest planting of drought-resistant coniferous species like Scots pine and Crimean pine. The productivity and longevity of such stands vary widely over the territory and depends on the presence of additional to atmospheric precipitation water supply and the root layer mineral supply. In this regard, sand massifs of steppificated river valleys composed of multiphase or single-phase polymineral rocks are of particular interest for afforestation. One of the most important objects of afforestation is the Northern (within the Volgograd region) highest and most drained part of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. Volga River damming by the Volga Hydroelectric Station (Volga GES) led to a restructuring of surface and ground water regimes, formation of new conditions of water and mineral nutrition and changes in other important factors of forest ecosystems in the area. The research aims at developing a classification of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain ecotopes by water-mineral nutrition conditions, cultivation, expected productivity and longevity of pine plantings. We studied relationships of growth parameters of Pinus silvestris L. stands with soil-ground and hydrological conditions in different ecotopes of the large hilly and transitional floodplains after the Volga River damming by the Volga GES. Dynamics patterns of this relationship were revealed. It was found that in the northern part of the Volga-Akhtuba valley (approximately up to the Kapustin Yar – Kamenny Yar line) with increasing stratification, heavier granulometric composition of the root layer to sandy loam layer, lowering the surface level at a small distance from the drainage channel moisture supply and growth of Scots pine plantations improve, forest suitability of ecotopes increases. There is a risk of early decay and death of high-density pine forests in periods of low water and dry years on soils underlain by thick loams. Three groups of ecotope forest suitability were identified according to these indicators, as well as the conditions for the creation of forest plantations, productivity and longevity of plantings. The least favorable ecotopes are in the highlands of the hilly and transitional floodplains with minor soils of different composition on single-phase open-textured sands with deep (more than 4–5 m) groundwater table during low-water season. The most favorable are welldrained areas of the transitional floodplain with light soils on thick stratified predominantly sandy loam sediments, as well as on sands with close to the surface groundwater occurrence. Average ecotopes in terms of conditions are poorly drained areas of the transitional floodplain with minor sandy loam and loamy soils on deep loams.
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Košták, Martin. "Goniocamax christenseni n. sp. (Belemnitellidae, Belemnitida) – a new species from the Upper Cretaceous of Russia." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 52 (December 31, 2005): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2005-52-12.
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A new species of Goniocamax Naidin: Goniocamax christenseni n. sp. is described from the Upper Turonian and the lowermost Coniacian strata of the Volga river region in Russia. The new species occur together with ‘primitive’ species of Goniocamax i.e. Goniocamax intermedius (Arkhangelsky) and G. surensis (Naidin), which suggests that two parallel evolutionary lineages in Goniocamax sensu Naidin, 1964 were present and both of unknown origin. The origin of G. lundgreni (Stolley) can be explained by gradual calcification of the anterior part of the guard in the intermedius/surensis group. G. christenseni n. sp. has a well calcified pseudoalveolus and an acute angle at the bottom of the ventral fissure of the wall of the pseudoalveolus. Thus, G. christenseni n. sp. resembles the first representatives of Belemnitella D’Orbigny and is considered the likely ancestor of the Belemnitella group. Phylogeny and palaeobiogeography of the Late Turonian belemnitellids (genera Praeactinocamax Naidin and Goniocamax Naidin) are discussed.
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Kuznetsova, Valentina. "Old-Russian needle-cases with an arched openwork back." Archaeological news 28 (2020): 334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/1817-6976-2020-28-334-346.
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Needle-cases of the 12th–13th century with arched openwork backs and rattle-pendants are known in historiography as an attribute of the Finno-Ugrian culture. The most of their finds come from kurgan cemeteries of the Ladoga and Upper-Volga regions. They have been also encountered in layers of Novgorod and Izborsk, burial grounds of Madi (Estonia), Zamikutye (former Gdov Uyezd), Tikhman’ga (Arkhangelsk Oblast), and Kintusovo (on the Salym River, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District). Some objects come from the collection of the Teploukhovs from the Perm Cis-Urals, from the Ydzhydyel cemetery in the Republic of Komi and from Vaygach Island. These objects were manufactured using a wax model and have an abundant decoration. They have a typical for Northwestern Russia form of tubular needle-case, but the origin of their decoration (twisted cord, slanting guilloche, volutes, etc.) is related with the Volga and Kama region. These artefacts cannot be considered as exclusively Finno-Ugrian ones. They belong to the culture of Old Rus’ but are executed in a syncretic style reflecting the contacts between the North-West and North-East of the forest zone.
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Neubauer, Thomas A., Sabrina van de Velde, Tamara Yanina, and Frank P. Wesselingh. "A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy." ZooKeys 770 (July 4, 2018): 43–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.
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The present paper details a very diverse non-marine gastropod fauna retrieved from Caspian Pleistocene deposits along the Volga River north of Astrakhan (Russia). During time of deposition (early Late Pleistocene, late Khazarian regional substage), the area was situated in shallow water of the greatly expanded Caspian Sea. The fauna contains 24 species, of which 16 are endemic to the Pontocaspian region and 15 to the Caspian Sea. The majority of the species (13) belongs to the Pyrgulinae (Hydrobiidae), a group famous for its huge morphological variability in the Pontocaspian region. The phenotypic diversity has led to an inflation of genus and species names in the literature. New concepts are proposed for many of the genera and species found in the present material, with implications for the systematics and taxonomy of the entire Pontocaspian gastropod fauna.Laevicaspiavinarskiisp. n.is described as a new species. This contribution is considered a first step in revising the Pontocaspian gastropod fauna.
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Bulokhov, A. D., and A. M. Petrenko. "Communities of the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941 in the Bryansk region of Russia." Vegetation of Russia, no. 30 (2017): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2017.30.29.
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Only few publications on the classification of vegetation of Koelerio–Corynephoretea canescentis Klika in Klika et Novák1941 class, that unites pioneer communities on sandy soils, dunes or an exposed sands, is known for Bryansk region of Russia (Bulokhov, 2001; Bulokhov, Kharin, 2008). This region is located in the western part of the East European plain, on the watershed of two large river (Dnieper and Volga) systems, occupying the central part of the Desna river pool and the woody watershed between Desna and Oka. The territory (34.9 thousand кm2) is extended from the west to the east on 270 km (between 31°10′ and 35°20′ E) and from the north to the south — on 190 km (between 54°05′ and 52°10′ N). The main item of this paper is to submit the results of the classification carried out upon thebasis of 57 releves made in 2003–2016 in Bryansk region and to characterize the composition, distribution and syntaxonomical position of thepioneer vegetation of sandy and shallow soils communities within it. Three new associations are described according to Braun-Blanquet floristic classification. The syntaxon nomenclature of the higher ranks follows Mucina et al. (2016) The ass. Thymo serpylli–Koelerietum glaucae ass. nov. hoc loco, with synecological optimum on dry poor sandy soils, is diagnosed by character species Artemisia campestris, Koeleria glauca, Thymus serpyllum. Its communities occur on fringes of the lichen pine forests, sandy river terraces and outwash plains. Two subassociations are distinguished within the association: T. s.–K. g. typicum (with var. typica and Corynephorus canescens) and agrostietosum vinealis subass. nov. hoc loco (with var. typica and Calluna vulgaris) with Agrostis vinealis, Dianthus arenarius, Cladonia arbuscula as differential species. The ass. Koelerio glaucae–Plantaginetum arenariae ass. nov. hoc loco, with synecological optimum on dry poor sandy soils or exposed sands, is diagnosed by Plantago arenaria and Koeleria glauca. Its communities occuron the exposed sands, fringes of lichen pine forests and not flooded sandy river crests. The ass. Diantho borbasii–Festucetum polesicae ass. nov. hoc loco with synecological optimum on dry, weekly acidic, poor of mineral nitrogen, sandy soils or the exposed sands, is diagnosed by Festuca polesica, Astragalus arenarius, Jurinea cyanoides, Otites parviflora. Communities occur on the exposed sands, fringes of lichen pine forests. Two variants are distinguished within association: Sempervivum ruthenicum (on dunes with dry, poor, weekly developed soils) and typica. These three associations are the early stages of the progressive succession of oligotrophic lichen pine forests on the river terraces or of the heath meadows in flood river plains.
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Yakushenkov, Serguey. "From Place to Plate: Three Historical Etudes of Astrakhan. Etude #1." Studia Alimentaria 1, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 67–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/saj.v1i1.4.
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Various distant outskirts of Russia very often followed a specific path in their development, in no way resembling the culture of the Central Russia. One of such areas, where special cultural and natural environments existed, was the southern province located in the Delta of the Volga River – the Astrakhan province. Early in the Middle Ages this territory became a part of highly developed and powerful states – the Khazar Khaganate, the Golden Horde, and the Astrakhan Khanate were situated here. It was during this period that the main alimentary complex of the region was formed, which was a combination of the three main household types: cattle-breeding, fishing, and agriculture. This complex has survived to a large extent until the present day. The annexation of the Astrakhan Khanate by Russia in 1556 did little to change this configuration. The native inhabitants of these regions returned to their usual occupation, while the newly arrived peoples followed the same industries that had been familiar to them in their former homeland: gardening, fishing, or cattle breeding. The multinational character of the region's population led to a flexible system of economic relations and complementarity. As a result, there was an active cultural interchange between all the peoples of the region, which also influenced the alimentary landscape (foodscape).
The history of this foodscape can be divided into three major periods, which differ from each other in the specifics of their character. They are largely dependent on socio-political changes in Russia as a whole, which also stimulated serious cultural and social shifts in the region. This article is devoted mainly to the analysis of the formation of the first period of the alimentary landscape in the region. It lasted from the accession of the Astrakhan khanate to the First World War and the October Revolution of 1917.
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Shizhenskiy, R. V., and E. S. Surovegina. "EXPERIENCE OF QUESTIONNAIRE OF REPRESENTATIVES "VOLGA‘S PAGAN"." Vestnik of Minin University 6, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2018-6-4-16.
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Introduction:the article is devoted to the consideration of the ideological characteristics of members of the Volga pagan communities, "Rodnoverov-individuals" belonging to the union "Volga Frontier". June 23-24, 2018 employees of the research laboratory "New religious movements in modern Russia and Europe" of the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. Kozma Minin conducted a questionnaire among ordinary members of the cult environment of modern Russian paganism who took part in the celebration of the summer solstice (floodplain of the Kudma river, Mikhalchikovo village, Kstovsky district, Nizhny Novgorod region). The celebration was attended by 65 people, a representative sample represented by 45 respondents. The questionnaire consisted of four semantic blocks and included 18 questions, both open and closed. The article covers all the blocks of the questionnaire.Materials and methods:analyzed the ideological features of the community association "Volzhsky frontier". On the basis of the verbal-communicative method (complete questionnaire), assessments of the characteristics of social and cultural identities, the attitude of the pagans to the organizational structure of the “birth-faith” movement, and state power are presented. Taking into account the specificity of the comparative historical method, the chronological framework of the golden age is considered, the “historical face of Russia” is defined.Results:analysis of the obtained data allowed: first, to identify the features of the social portrait of a participant in Nizhny Novgorod Kupala (gender, age, education, occupation, etc.). Secondly, to form an idea of the views of the "Rodnovers" on issues related to the organizational structure of the movement, interaction of pagans with government bodies, the media. Thirdly, determine the type of cultural identity of the considered pagan community of the 21st century. Fourthly, to establish the chronological framework of the "young-speaking" golden age and the associated gradation of domestic historical figures.Discussion and Conclusions:according to the data of the questionnaire, the modern “Volga pagan” is duplicated in the mass of ideological projections, are in the same ideological field, with separate organizations, unions of the communities of central Russia. The unity of the main religious, social and political strata allows us to state a certain unified Russian neo-pagan field, independent of the chronology of the origin and geographical localization of groups.
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Halin, Alexey A., Ekaterina V. Akimova, and Elena V. Kainova. "FORMATION OF THE WATER POLICE IN NIZHNY NOVGOROD (1918–1921)." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2021-2-220-232.
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The article reveals the nature of the transformations in the law enforcement system, in particular in water police, in Soviet Russia. On the basis of a wide range of previously unused archival sources, the process of organizational formation of the water police on the Volga in 1918–1921 is presented. The main feature of this process was constant reforming of this security system in order to find the optimal organization to protect waterways and river transport. The first Soviet head of the river police of Nizhny Novgorod P.I. Protasov took up his post in January 1918. In 1919, protection of waterways and public order on them was carried out by the internal security troops of Nizhny Novgorod sector by separate rifle brigades of the Paramilitary Guard Troops (VOKhR) of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the RSFSR. At the beginning of 1920, for the first time in our country, the system of All-Russian police on transport was formed. According to this reform, Nizhny Novgorod became part of Nizhny Novgorod section of the river police, which was part of Nizhny Novgorod District Administration of the Volga region. Distribution of protection areas on river transport was fixed in the document dated May 18, 1920. In accordance with it, security on the navigable waterways was assigned to VOKhR troops, to the water police and watchmen. The new status of the water militia and the expansion of its tasks were determined by the «Regulations on the Workers’ and Peasants ‘Militia», adopted on June 10, 1920. The next reorganization of the security system on the river transport of the Soviet Republic was carried out in November-December 1920. It was aimed at strengthening centralization and unity of command in this matter, elimination of disparate actions in the activities carried out by security structures. The article highlights the issue of personnel selection for the water police, taking into account the «class approach» in the formation of new authorities, including the police. Previously unknown facts about the personal composition of the water police leaders are given, and the further fate of some of them is traced. The article gives a fairly complete idea of the first years in the formation and activity of the water police in Nizhny Novgorod and the Volga basin.
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Makrushin, A. V., A. S. Vasiliev, N. M. Arshanitsa, O. A. Lyashenko, and A. A. Stekolnikov. "THE ROLE OF TOXICOSIS IN THE ADAPTION OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (AT THE EXAM-PLE OF TOXICOSIS OF WATER ANI-MALS)." International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine 2 (2020): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.2.78.
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In the past geological eras in the bio-sphere, species extinction was accompanied by speciation. Ecosystems adapted to a greater or lesser extent to coexist with a species whose activity had become a plane-tary factor and had a global impact on bio-spheric processes. One of it is the massive pollution of the main components of the biosphere - geobiosphere, hydrobooster and air. Its consequence is the development in living organisms of various pathological processes associated with the impact of tox-icants-toxicoses. The work was carried out in various re-gions of the USSR and Russia on reservoirs of various types and different objects of aquaculture. Various species and age groups of fish were studied. They were caught with trawls, nets, lifts, and sport fishing gear. Fish larvae were caught with a plankton net. A pathoanatomic method was used to assess the condition of fish. In some cases, histo-logical methods were used. Clams of the family Unionidae were surveyed in 1990-2011. They were collected by dredging in the reservoirs of the Volga, in the lake Ilmen, in the red sea of the Ka-relian isthmus of the Leningrad region and in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic sea. The liver of 399 individuals was examined us-ing histological methods. Also Perlovitz. Unio pictorum, 474 copies of U. tumidus and 298 copies. the mussels Anodonta sp. Branched crustaceans were examined in 1989-2016. They were collected in a plank-ton grid in the reservoirs of the Volga, in the Nyvchimsky reservoir (the basin of the Volga river). Vychegda Komi Republic, in the Finnish and Kursk bays of the Baltic sea, in lake Ladoga, in the lake of Sevan (Armenia) and in lakes of the Karelian isth-mus of Leningrad region, in the mountain lakes of West Sayan (Krasnoyarsk region), the lakes in Darwin reserve (Vologda re-gion) and in the pools of Garbacki lakes Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Vorkuta district, Komi Republic). Fixation in 4% formalin by Rachkov method was examined in Bo-gorov's cell under the MBS-9 microscope.
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Schletterer, Martin, and Vyacheslav V. Kuzovlev. "Documentation of the presence of Gmelinoides fasciatus (Stebbing, 1899) and the native benthic fauna in the Volga River at Tver (Tver Region, Russia)." Aquatic Insects 34, sup1 (June 2012): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650424.2012.643044.
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Черевичко, Татьяна Викторовна, and Маринэ Сельбертовна Отнюкова. "Glamping as a driver of innovative development tourist area." Professors' Magazine. Recreation and Tourism Series 1 (February 25, 2021): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2686-858x-2021-9-1-19-29.
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The main purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of developing a tourist area through the development and implementation of an innovative product in the hospitality and ecological tourism industry. The article notes that over the past year, under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic and the introduction of restrictions on outbound tourism, especially international tourism, there is a high demand for domestic eco-tours and recreation in Russia, which contributes to the further development of the entire glamping industry in the country. It is also shown that the convenient location of the Saratov region in three natural and climatic zones, as well as such a powerful resource as the great Volga River, are a potential advantage for the construction of glamping in the region. As a result of the study, the proposed sites for the location of glamping were established, the main preferences of consumers of these tourist services in the region were determined. A description of the design development aimed at creating glamping in a specific territory of the Saratov region is presented. In conclusion, it is concluded that new forms of accommodation bring variety to the regional tourism product and contribute to improving the quality of service.
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Ippolitov, A. P., and D. B. Gulyaev. "The age of the Pre-Callovian Jurassic sequence at the southwest of Tatarstan (central Russia, Tarkhanovskaya Pristan’–Dolinovka reference section) and the status of the Upper Bajocian “Garantiana-beds”, previously described from here." Стратиграфия 27, no. 6 (December 12, 2019): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-592x27629-40.
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In the present paper we describe and discuss belemnite finds from the basal part of the middle Jurassic sequence at the southwest of the Republic of Tatarstan (Tetyushi district). The belemnites were collected from the outcrops located along a shoreline of the Kuybyshevskoye reservoir (Volga river) between the place Tarkhanovskaya pristan and the former village Dolinovka. These belemnites indicate that the basal part of the Jurassic sequence is Early Bathonian (Ishmae Zone) or, less probable, Middle Bathonian in age. Such dating triggers a critical review for the age of the middle Jurassic sequence in the region. In particular, poorly preserved ammonites previously collected from the same outcrops higher in the succession and interpreted as members of the Late Bajocian subfamily Garantianinae, are in fact Late Bathonian Gowericeratinae. Consequently, Beds with Garantiana nominally the most ancient ammonite-based biostratigraphic unit within the whole Jurassic of European Russia, based on this assemblage, is invalid.
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Toulouze, Eva, and Laur Vallikivi. "“We Cannot Pray Without Kumyshka”: Alcohol in Udmurt Ritual Life." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 221–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2021-0025.
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Abstract We trace the history of the uses of the alcoholic drink known as kumyshka among the Udmurt. Our focus is on kumyshka’s ritual uses both in public and domestic contexts in the second half of the 19th century, the early 20th century as well as the early 21st century. We suggest that kumyshka not only represents a site of resistance to the dominant religious regime, i.e. Russian Orthodoxy, but is also a tool for self-enhancement and identity making for this indigenous people in the Volga River basin in Central Russia. The consumption of kumyshka has been a frequent object of criticism in the accounts of Orthodox clergy, scholars, doctors, travellers and administrators. Most accounts show a moralising stance, which only occasionally reflects the local understandings behind its uses. As anthropologists working in the region, we compare these historical sources with the current practices. We discuss changes in the religious sphere as well as in gender roles related to the uses of kumyshka.
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Yakovlev, Evgeny, Igor Tokarev, Sergey Zykov, Stanislav Iglovsky, and Nikolay Ivanchenko. "Isotope Signs (234U/238U, 2H, 18O) of Groundwater: An Investigation of the Existence of Paleo-Permafrost in European Russia (Pre-Volga Region)." Water 13, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 1838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131838.
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The isotopic (234U/238U, 2H, 18O) and chemical composition of groundwater on the right bank of the Volga River along the middle reach (European Russia) was studied down to a depth of 400 m. These data allow diagnosis of the presence of a three-component mixture. The first component is modern/young fresh recharge water of the Holocene age. It has the isotopic composition of water δ18O → −12.9 ‰ and δ2H → −90 ‰, close to modern precipitations, and the equilibrium isotopic composition of uranium 234U/238U → 1 (by activity). The second component is slightly salted water of the late or postglacial period with δ18O → −17.0 ‰ and δ2H → −119 ‰, and a small excess of uranium-234 234U/238U ≈ 4. The third component is meltwater formed as result of permafrost thawing. It is brackish water with δ18O ≈ −15.0 ‰ and δ2H ≈ −110 ‰, and a maximum excess of uranium-234 234U/238U ≈ 15.7. The salinity of this water is associated with an increase of the SO42−, Ca2+ and Na+ content, and this may be due to the presence of gypsum in water-bearing sediments, because the solubility of sulfates increases at near-zero temperature. We explain the huge excess of uranium-234 by its accumulation in the mineral lattice during the glacial age and quick leaching after thawing of permafrost.
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B. RUCHIN, ALEXANDER, ALEXANDER V. ANTROPOV, and ANATOLIY A. KHAPUGIN. "Distribution, abundance, and habitats of rare species Parnopes grandior (Pallas 1771) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Mordovia and adjacent regions, Russia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200201.
Full textAbstract:
Ruchin AB, Antropov AV, Khapugin AA. 2019. Distribution, abundance, and habitats of rare species Parnopes grandior (Pallas 1771) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Mordovia and adjacent regions, Russia. Biodiversitas 20: 303-310. The study of biological and ecological characteristics is essential in conservation efforts of threatened and locally rare species. Obtaining the comparable data in different regions of a species range allows developing a conservation strategy. We aimed to study the distribution, acquired characteristics of the abundance and habitats of the biology of a rare species Parnopes grandior (Pallas, 1771) in the Republic of Mordovia (European Russia). As a result of our study, the biology of Parnopes grandior found in the Republic of Mordovia and in five adjacent regions (Volga River Basin, Russia) is described. In the Republic of Mordovia in 2008-2018, 18 habitats of this species were identified. In all cases, it was found next to the host wasp colonies of Bembix rostrata (Linnaeus, 1758). The species population was low (no more than five individuals per study site). In all the sites surveyed, it inhabited xerophytic plant communities on sandy disturbed substrate. In these habitats, the coverage of plants is low and does not exceed 20%. The list of plants visited by the adults of Parnopes grandior is given. In the adjacent regions, the species abundance is also not high, but the number of records and abundance increases significantly to the south of the Ulyanovsk region.
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Vasilyev, S. V., S. B. Borutskaya, V. A. Averin, and S. Yu Frizen. "The population of the medieval Plyos (based on archaeological excavations of the Varvara necropolis in Plyos, modern Ivanovo Region)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 4 (51) (November 27, 2020): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2020-51-4-14.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally, the emergence of the Russian medieval town of Plyos is attributed to the second half of the 12th c., when a fortress was built on the Sobornaya Mountain (upper part), and a settlement emerged in the lower area on the left bank of the River Shokhonka, right-bank tributary of the Volga River. Craftsmen and fishermen quar-ters, which presumably had appeared long before the fortress, located on the other side of Shokhonka. Plyos was first mentioned in written sources in 1141. During the archaeological excavations in the Varvarinskaya street (Varvara necropolis) on the territory of modern Plyos town (Ivanovo Region), managed by the «Ivanovo Archaeo-logical Expedition» company, human skeletal remains dated to the 10th–13th c. were found. This palaeoanthro-pological material characterizes the population which inhabited the Upper Volga region (Verkhnee Povolzhye) in the Middle Ages. The aim of this study was to analyse the formation of the anthropological features of the medie-val town population and assess its physical appearance. Material and methods: 17 skulls (11 male and 6 female) were examined according to standard craniological protocol, 19 uncomplete postcranial skeletons were measured following the standard osteometric protocol with some authors modifications: we present detailed data on the postcranial skeletons and the analysis of limb proportions and robustness of the long bones. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for intergroup comparison with craniological series from ten different Russian and Belo-russian towns (11th–16th c.). Major results and conclusions. Presented paleoanthropological study has revealed a number of characteristics for the male skulls, associated with elongated cranium, average-high face and sharp horizontal facial profile. The female skulls exhibit mesocrania and smoother naso-molar area profile. Morphologi-cal analysis of the postcranial skeletons has demonstrated relatively elongated forearms and shortened shins in individuals from this burial ground. Reconstructed living stature of the males appears to be above average, and for women, on the contrary, below average. The problem of the common and specific patterns in the formation of the anthropological traits of the medieval town population cannot be addressed with the available anthropological material. However, PCA of the studied craniological sample indicates that the males are morphologically related to the medieval individuals from Yaroslavl (Russia) and partly to those from Novogrudok (Belarus). Thus, medie-val men buried on the territory of Plyos were undoubtedly related to (presumable) retainers buried in the sanitary graves in Yaroslavl.
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Maltsev, Mikhail, and Vadim Sagalaev. "Community Sporobolus Cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray in the Northern Part of Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain." Natural Systems and Resources, no. 4 (December 2018): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nsr.jvolsu.2018.4.1.
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On the territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain, plant communities including Sporobolus cryptandrus are found. This is an adventitious species from North America that came to Europe in the early 20th century. In Russia, Sporobolus cryptandrus was first discovered in 1998 on the territory of the Volgograd region. Currently, Sporobolus cryptandrus is actively distributed throughout the Volgograd regions. Probably, Sporobolus cryptandrus was introduced together with imported grain and mixed fodders. This species was originally built into the plant communities of sandy steppes. In this paper, we describe the S. cryptandrus communities that we found in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. The descriptions were carried out at two sites in the northern part of the floodplain. Geobotanical sites are located on the nearbed sand banks along the river bed. Akhtuba. Completed 19 geobotanical descriptions. All descriptions were accumulated in an electronic database based on the TURBOVEG program. Communities of Sporobolus cryptandrus are characterized by poor floristic composition, low overall projective cover. Habitats of communities are subject to short-term flooding in the spring-summer period, as well as cattle grazing. In communities dominated: Sporobolus cryptandrus, Secale sylvestre, Artemisia marschalliana. We assume that these phytocenoses can be classified as cl. Artemisietea tchernievianae Golub 1994. Sporobolus cryptandrus has shown itself as an agriophyte and a transformer species that can completely replace the dominant cereal species in sand steppe communities or be introduced to pioneer communities at an early stage of overgrowth. Settling of this adventive species can lead to the loss of the natural appearance of the vegetation of sandy substrates. Propagation processes need further observation and analysis.
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Kastalyeva, T., K. Mozhaeva, S. M. Thompson, J. R. Clark, and R. A. Owens. "Recovery of Four Novel Potato spindle tuber viroid Sequence Variants from Russian Seed Potatoes." Plant Disease 91, no. 4 (April 2007): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-4-0469c.
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First described in the early 1930s, the limited distribution of potato “gothic” disease made it of little economic significance in European Russia until the early 1970s when meristem-tip culture was widely adopted throughout the former USSR to increase production of virus-free seed potatoes. Shortly thereafter, the yield and quality of Russian seed potatoes began a dramatic decline. Symptoms of potato “gothic” resemble those of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) (3), and initial suspicions that in vitro plantlets and seed potatoes might be viroid-infected were later proved correct when Kastalyeva et al. (2) showed that approximately 50 to 70% of in vitro plantlets and tubers collected from different regions of Russia as well as the in vitro germplasm collection maintained by the All-Russian Potato Research Institute (ARPRI) were infected with PSTVd. Measures have since been taken to reduce the incidence of PSTVd infection, and numerous PSTVd isolates were collected from territories of the former USSR; however, none of these isolates have been characterized at the molecular level. Overlapping reverse transcription (RT)-PCR products (1) were generated from four PSTVd isolates maintained in field-grown tubers at the VNIIF using two pairs of primers; PSTVd180F (5′-TCACCCTTCCTTTCTTCGGGTGTC-3′) + PSTVd179R (5′-AAACCCTGTTTCGGCGGGAATTAC-3′) and PSTVd112F (5′-ACT GGCAAAAAAGGACGGTGGGGA-3′) + PSTVd359R (5′-AGGAACC AACTGCGGTTCCAAGGG-3′). Automated sequence analysis of the resulting uncloned PCR products revealed the presence of four previously unknown PSTVd variants (GenBank Accession Nos. EF044302-EF044305). All four tubers were also infected with Potato virus M and Potato virus Y and one tuber also contained Potato virus S. ELISA tests for Potato leaf roll virus were negative. Each isolate appeared to contain only a single 358–359 nt variant differing from PSTVd-intermediate strain (GenBank Accession No. V01465) at 2–5 positions. The three closely related variants originating from Leningradskaya Province (Northwest Russia) contain two to three changes in the variable domain and central conserved region and induced intermediate symptoms in Rutgers tomato. The fourth variant originating from Samarskaya Province (Volga River Region) contains additional changes in the pathogenicity domain and induced mild symptoms. Minor differences among the Leningradskaya variants may represent sequence drift during extended (9 to 11 year) tuber passage. The presence of additional sequence changes in the variant from Samarskaya is consistent with independent origin and/or prolonged separation. Additional studies with a wider range of Russian isolates of PSTVd are currently underway to develop diagnostic methods suitable for future large-scale screening programs. References: (1) Y. Hu et al. Virology 219:45, 1997. (2) T. B. Kastalyeva et al. Vestn. RASKHN 3:22, 1992. (3) Y. A. Leontyeva. Potato spindle tuber (‘gothic’) as one of the most important diseases in the Volga region. (In Russian.) Ph.D. thesis. Agricultural University of Leningrad, Pushkin, 1971.
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Matishov, G. G. "Expedition of the R/V Professor Panov (April 2018): preliminary results of observations of extreme flooding in the Lower Don Region." Океанология 59, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0030-1574591163-165.
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During the period of 2002–2018, southern Russia was subjected to extreme weather conditions, which can be characterized as drought. The water content and volume of the Don, Kuban, and Volga rivers decreased, salinization of the Sea of Azov was observed, and saline (4–6‰) Azov water periodically flowed into the Don River delta. Analysis of the hydrological observation data for 2018 revealed an episode of extreme flooding in the Lower Don (below the Kochetov hydroelectric complex) associated with the 15-year shortage of water in the body of the Don. An outstanding example of a natural and manmade anomaly in 2018 was the discharge of a significant amount of water from the Tsimlyan reservoir in April–May. For example, the average daily discharge was 345m3/s on April 10, 1503 m3/s on April 28, and 1701 m3/s by May 6. As a result, the maximum wave of water abundance in the Don formed by the end of April–beginning of May 2018, and the water level reached values not observed in the Don for 15 years. The research in the Gulf of Taganrog showed considerable desalinization of its eastern part. The level of salinization in this region did not exceed 2‰, while in spring 2017, the average values of salinization around the port of Taganrog were over 6‰.
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Yamalov, S. M., Ya M. Golovanov, Z. B. Baktybaeva, and S. S. Petrov. "Aquatic vegetation of the South Urals (Bashkortostan Republic). I. Classes Lemnetea and Charetea." Vegetation of Russia, no. 24 (2014): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2014.24.124.
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The database on vegetation of water objects of the South Urals on the basis of the published relevés (Grigoryev, Solomeshch, 1987а; Petrov, Grigoryev, 1991; Petrov, Onishchenko, 1991) and the relevés executed by authors, was created. The analysis of a phytocoenotic variety of vegetation of the classes Lemnetea de Bolòs et Masclans 1955 and Charetea Fukarek ex Krausch 1964 was carried out. The water vegetation of the South Urals of the classes Lemnetea and Charetea is classified to 4 orders, 4 unions, 11 associations and 8 variants. The greatest variety of the plant communities of the class Lemnetea which unites cosmopolitan free-floating communities or pleustophyte communities in water column, widespread in reservoirs with still or drift water. Communities of this class are identified on accurately expressed floating layer of pleustophytes. Ricciocarpetum natantis association is noted for the first time in the region. The class Charetea unites water vegetation with prevalence of the submersed macroscopic algae of Charophyta division of the order of Charales. In the South Urals this class is presented by the only association Charetum globularis which is noted locally in the Cis-Urals. The comparative analysis of plant communities of the classes Lemnetea and Charetea in various regions of Russia and the neighboring countries has shown that the South Urals is characterized by a high syntaxonomic variety of vegetation. The communities described in estuarine part of the Dnieper River (Dubyna, Dzyuba, 2011) and the undercurrent of the Volga River (Golub, Maltsev, 2013) got the biggest structural similarities as well as wealth of classes’ coenofloras, and also in Western Siberia (Taran et al., 2004; Taran, 2008; Kipriyanova, 2013). Obviously, near latitudinal location of regions and similarity of types of water objects is affects. The aquatic vegetation of the South Urals demonstrates the smallest similarity with plant communities of the northern regions of Russia.
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Vasilieva, Irina Nikolaevna. "Some review on the results of technical and technological analysis of ceramics (on the example of the Rakushechny Yar settlement)." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873203.
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The article gives the results on the problem of pottery technology usage in the population which left a multilayered stratified settlement of the neo-Eneolithic Age of Rakushechny Yar. It is located on the island of Porechny in the riverbed of the Don river, which is near Razdorskaya village of Rostov Region in Russian Federation. This research is a long-term study concerning the problem of ancient pottery technology usage in Eastern European territory of Russia. The author found it is important to use both the historical and cultural approach and the method of A.A. Bobrinskiy. This method includes binocular microscopy, tracology and physical modeling experiment. The authors studied 294 samples of ceramics (separate vessels approximately) in Rakushechny Yar. Thus, the article describes the techniques and methods for selecting plastic raw materials, composing molding masses, making vessels, giving a general description of the Lower Don region Early Neolithic pottery. Moreover the author uses the comparative analysis to describe the new knowledge and give more information on the problem concerning the pottery technology usage in these regions. The author gives similar and different specific features of the neolithization process in the Don and the Volga regions as well as the questions concerning the origin and the development of early Neolithic pottery traditions in south steppe zone of the Eastern Europe.
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Savchenko, Alexander, and Tatiana Borodina. "The Role of Cultural Tourism in Development of Depressed Regions in Russia: The Case of Plyos, Ivanovo Region." European Countryside 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 384–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2020-0021.
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AbstractThe article analyzes the impact of cultural tourism on the development of municipalities in depressed regions through case-study of the small town Plyos in Ivanovo oblast in Russia. The town-planning composition of Plyos is determined by the Volga river and the complex highly rugged relief. The unique combination of architecture and natural landscape makes the town and its surroundings attractive for cultural tourism development. The connection between the development of culture and tourism in Plyos has been noted since the beginning of the 1970s. Since then, from decade to decade, these spheres have constantly strengthened each other’s development. A number of market factors have been identified for effective involvement of historical heritage and cultural landscape in various types of cultural tourism and their transformation into a resource for sustainable development of the settlement. These market factors can be summarized into three groups: marketing, institutional and investment. The bet on market-based and diversified development of cultural tourism made by the authorities of the municipality and the region in 2005 has produced significant positive results by 2020. The structure of cultural tourism in Plyos has changed qualitatively, and the importance of event and creative tourism has grown significantly. Over the past 4–5 years, the tourist flow has changed radically in the direction of a significant increase in the share of individual and most solvent categories of tourists. Increasing the duration of cruise ship stay and lengthening the period of attendance in Plyos for individual tourists provides an increase in the load of tourist infrastructure in the summer season, and the boom in expensive seasonal real estate and the expansion of the offer of services for types of tourism related to cultural, contribute to leveling the seasonal load. However, these successes have a downside, when Plyos is an “island of prosperity” in the “economic desert” of its depressed regional environment. There are several ways in which it is possible to influence the development of a depressive surroundings. For the Ivanovo region, Plyos acts as a “point of entry” for investments in the tourism sector, a promoter of all-Russian events in the field of cultural tourism and a market place for products of local producers, including products of world-famous art crafts.
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Kupreev, V. E., and Yu A. Semenishchenkov. "The survey of the psammophylous grass vegetation syntaxa in the Southern Nechernozemye of Russia." Vegetation of Russia, no. 45 (2022): 39–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2022.45.39.
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The article provides a survey of grass psammophylous vegetation syntaxa in the Southern Nechernozemye of Russia and validation of syntaxa in accordance with the requirements of the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (Theurillat et al., 2021); questions of syntaxonomy and diagnosis of units of different levels of the syntaxonomical hierarchy are discussed. The data for the analysis was the base obtained in 2018–2021, including 312 relevés of psammophylous grass vegetation in the Southern Nechernozemye of Russia (Bryansk, Kaluga, south-west of Moscow, north-west of Oryol, Smolensk Regions). Most of the relevés were made on the watershed of two large river systems: the Dnieper (the Sozh river basin) and the Volga (the Oka river basin) while some ones are in the northwestern part of the Smolensk region (Demidovsky district, Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park), which belongs to the Zapadnaya Dvina basin. Natural psammophytic habitats in this region are widespread on outwash plains, sandy river terraces dominated by pine forests of the alliance Dicrano–Pinion sylvestris (Libb. 1933) W. Mat. 1962 nom. conserv. propos. Open sands are formed in the place of such forests after clear felling of pine with the destruction of the living land cover. In addition, psammophylous grass vegetation forms on non-flooded or short-flooded sandy ridges in river floodplains, on plowed sands that were opened during construction, along sand pits, on clearings under power lines, along old abandoned roads on sand embankments and sandy roads fallow lands and pastures with sandy and sandy loam soils (Kupreev et al., 2020). The psammophylous grass vegetation of the studied region is represented by 12 associations comprising 4 alliances and 2 orders of the class Koelerio–Corynephoretea canescentis Klika in Klika et Novák 1941, which unites dry grasslands on sandy soils and on rocky outcrops of the temperate to boreal zones of Europe, the North Atlantic islands and Greenland (Mucina et al., 2016). On the basis of comparative analysis for alliances and orders we compiled regional combinations of diagnostic species with constancy in coenoflora above 20 % and values of the statistical φ-coefficient above 20 (at p <0.01): Armerion elongatae (Armeria maritima, Astragalus arenarius, Dianthus fisheri, Jovibarba globifera, Jurinea cyanoides, Koeleria glauca), Corynephorion canesentis (Corynephorus canescens), Hyperico perforati–Scleranthion perennis (Berteroa incana, Festuca ovina, Helichrysum arenarium, Hypericum perforatum, Jasione montana, Pilosella officinarum, Rumex acetosella, Scleranthus perennis, Trifolium arvense). The following species diagnose the orders of psammophylous vegetation: Corynephoretalia canescentis (Chamaecytisus ruthenicus, Cladonia arbuscula, Corynephorus canescens, Jurinea cyanoides, Koeleria glauca, Sedum acre) and Trifolio arvensis–Festucetalia ovinae (Abietinella abietina, Elytrigia repens, Hieracium umbellatum, Jasione montana, Festuca ovina, F. rubra, Galium mollugo, Pilosella officinarum, Plantago lanceolata, Poa angustifolia, Trifolium arvense, Viola tricolor). Diagnostic combinations of alliances partly duplicate those of orders, and some species are the diagnostic for two alliances, which does not contradict the logic of syntaxonomy. Analysis of the comparative table showed that all syntaxa of psammophylous vegetation taken for analysis can be fully assigned to the class Koelerio–Corynephoretea canescentis in accordance with its current diagnosis (Mucina et al., 2016). According to the ratio of the diagnostic species of the classes Koelerio–Corynephoretea canescentis and Sedo-Scleranthetea, it is not possible to divide syntaxa into two groups. In general, in the Southern Nechernozemye of Russia, typical natural habitats characteristic of the Central European communities of the class Sedo-Scleranthetea are virtually absent. They are imitated by anthropogenic ecotopes with washed out or trampled, usually heavily disturbed, rubble substrates. Probably, it is possible to classify some types of grass communities that form here on the slopes of railways and roads, on overgrown stony dumps, strongly compacted as a result of trampling or the passage of vehicles, to the class Sedo-Scleranthetea. However, the assigning of these communities to this class is debatable. A significant part of the studied phytocoenoses was assigned to 7 non-rank units — «communities» within the class Koelerio–Corynephoretea canescentis. These are, firstly, pioneer and, as a rule, sparse or floristically incomplete psammophylous communities at the initial stages of succession with the participation of widespread grass psammophilic oligotrophs. Secondly, these are monodominant phytocoenoses formed after anthropogenic disturbance of psammophylous vegetation, for example, on fallow lands and clearings in pine forests on sandy and sandy loam soils; after fires, trampling. The names of these syntaxa are given according to the dominant plant species.