Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rural Sociology'
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Bernal, Fernando. "Sociology of economic life : eastern Cundinamarca." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321633.
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Santos, Robson dos. "A terra desolada = representações do rural no romance brasileiro (1945-1964)." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280597.
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Orientador: Marcelo Siqueira RidentiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Entre 1945 e 1964, a literatura brasileira comporta uma variedade significativa de romances de temática rural. Tal problemática irrompe nos textos expressando os processos sociais de lutas no campo, as relações e valorações peculiares ao contexto rural, as conseqüências da industrialização e as dualidades em relação à urbanização. As narrativas do rural na literatura exprimem as distintas opções estéticas e políticas dos escritores brasileiros desafiados pelas dinâmicas entre o mundo rural e o urbano em um momento chave da modernização. A partir da análise de nove romances escritos no período, a pesquisa buscou reconstruir as disputas, posições e opções narrativas que se revelam nos conteúdos das obras, que desenvolvem representações plurais sobre o mundo rural. A tese indagou como o rural irrompe nas obras escolhidas e como isto se associa aos processos sociais "exteriores" ao universo literário, como as ideologias, a política, as ciências sociais. A partir daí, a investigação apreendeu as formalizações literárias distintas feitas então sobre o rural. Isto foi possível a partir da construção sociológica de tipologias para a análise dos romances, denominadas narrativas da limitação e narrativas da revolução. Estas tipologias permitiram entender a correlação entre a experiência de cada autor e as condições políticas, econômicas e intelectuais que caracterizavam o período, haja vista que as obras analisadas foram tomadas como sínteses de pensamentos e formas de reconstrução do mundo social. Elas possibilitaram também nomear e interpretar com mais especificidade as diferenças entre as obras
Abstract: Between 1945 and 1964, Brazilian literature encompasses a significant variety of rural-themed novels. The thematic appears in the texts expressing social processes of struggle in the countryside, relationships and values peculiar to the rural context, the consequences of industrialization and the ambivalence towards the processes of urbanization and modernization. Narratives of "the rural" in literature express the distinct aesthetic and political choices of Brazilian authors, challenged by the dynamics relating the rural and the urban world in a key moment in Brazilian modernization process. Based on the analysis of nine novels written in the period, the survey sought to rebuild the disputes, positions and narrative options revealed by the oeuvres' contents, which build pluralistic representations on the countryside. The thesis inquired how the countryside erupts in the selected works and how this could be associated with social processes beyond the literary world such as ideologies, politics and social sciences. Thereafter, the investigation tried to capture the different literary formalizations created then regarding the countryside. This was made possible by the sociological construction of a typology for the novels' analysis. The use of two types, named "limiting narratives" and "narratives of the revolution", allowed us to understand the correlation between the experience of each author and the political, economic and intellectual context that characterized the period, considering that the analyzed works were treated as synthesis of thoughts and ways of rebuilding the social world. Through this typology we were also able to characterize and nominate with greater specificity the differences between the oeuvres
Doutorado
Trabalho, Cultura e Ambiente
Doutor em Sociologia
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Robinson, Marilyn N. "Attitudes of rural elderly toward impending death." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1986. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2922.
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This thesis is a study of the relationship between selected socio-demographic variables and the attitudes of rural elderly toward impending death. Sex, age, and religious group affiliation are examined to determine the extent to which these factors help to explain variations in attitudes toward death. The sample was comprised of 65 respondents: 31 males and 34 females, including 20 Catholics and 45 Protestants. All respondents were between the ages of 60-92.
The sample for this study is a subset of 234 Life History Interviews collected by Dr. Wilbur H. Watson (1978-80) in a larger study of older blacks in rural southeastern states focusing on "Informal Social Networks in Support of Elderly Blacks in the Black Belt of the United States." The Life History Interview was designed to facilitate the development of descriptive and explanatory data on personality development, changes in individual life styles, social roles, and community organization. This study limited its scope to data from two states: Mississippi and Louisiana. The following hypotheses were tested in this study:
1. There is a significant difference between males and females in attitudes toward death.
2. There is an inverse relationship between age and attitudes toward death.
3. Protestants have more positive attitudes toward death than Catholics.
To analyze these data, secondary analysis involving descriptive and inferential techniques were used.
The findings showed that there was no relationship between sex and attitude toward impending death. However, a significant inverse relationship was found between age and attitudes toward death. The findings also showed that Protestants had significantly more positive attitudes toward death than Catholics.
It was concluded that age and religious group affiliation have significant effects on attitudes toward impending death. However, there was no apparent relationship betweens sex and attitudes toward impending death.
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Cornwell, Ken W. "New Perspectives on Rural Educational Inequality." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1398334162.
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Cooper, Margaret. "The Social Construction of Rural Lesbian Identities." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/455.
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In this study, I interviewed twenty-seven women who possessed same-sex desires and lived in rural areas in Kentucky, Tennessee and Southern Illinois. The women in the study had constructed these desires with various labels including "gay," "lesbian," "queer," "bisexual," or preferred no label. Each of the participants talked about growing up rural areas of the Midsouth in communities which often were based on traditional, patriarchal families, fundamentalist Christianity, and conservative politics. The women told stories of how they not only realized their same-sex feelings within this social context, but how they acknowledged, managed and negotiated their feelings within the setting. In this study, I examine the women's concepts of sexual identity and gender identity constructions within the context of their regional identities. Religion, socioeconomic status and race and ethnicity also influenced these perceptions and are included in their discussions. Finally, this study focuses on the sociological concepts of cognitive dissonance and its resolution, identity salience and master status.
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MacKinnon, Donna. "Becoming an adult in rural Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2196/.
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Utilising original empirical research as a mode of contributing to theoretical understanding in the sociology of youth, the thesis posits that young people anticipate transitions with a possible future adult self in mind and such orientation mediates their present decisions around anticipated transitions. Whilst there is a subjective emphasis by young people on individual negotiation and control in the construction of their possible adult selves, it is nonetheless demonstrated that traditional determinants of social reproduction such as class of origin, family background, place of residence and gender remain influential. The research thus finds utility in the concept of structured possible selves. Through identifying the silient issues young people in four rural areas face in becoming an adult it is demonstrated that whilst there is some evidence of a biographical approach to the life-course, with some rural young people actively negotiating their way in a positive manner, others are acting through a paucity of alternatives. Living in a rural area adds further complexity to transitional decision-making as well as engagement in youth cultural behaviours hence prognosis of a disembedding of place and a decline in community and family ties is premature. A distinct aspect to living in a rural area is that more often than not, young people cannot make a post-compulsory educational choice without making other choices mainly because of limited employment opportunities and the absence of post-secondary educational institutions in rural areas. Decisions of migration are accompanied by financial decisions and also the personal/social decision to leave a community and social network that they are familiar with and often dependent upon. The research suggests that there are not only some unique issues for rural young people as they become adults, but also that the findings point to rural differentiation in their experience.
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Russczyk, Jaqueline. "Práxis pedagógica : modo de vida da juventude rural e ensino de sociologia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79124.
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Le thème central de cette étude est l'enseignement de la sociologie dans l'enseignement secondaire destiné aux jeunes du champ. Ainsi, il surgit le problème de recherche suivant: la mesure dans laquelle la praxis pédagogique de l'enseignement de la sociologie considère le mode de vie des jeunes en milieu rural, et en particulier les jeunes en campements ruraux, et contribue au développement humain? Pour répondre à cette question trois écoles de la ville de Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, une école dans une zone urbaine et deux écoles dans le campement du MST ont été interrogés. Un questionnaire a été administré auprès de 36 jeunes élèves ruraux et 36 jeunes élèves de campements ruraux. L'étude est composée par une approche quantitative et qualitative, avec la méthode des représentations sociales. Les techniques de recherche utilisées ont été: enquête par questionnaire, entretien, observation, littérature. Les instruments suivants ont été utilisés pour recueillir des données: questionnaires, parcours de questions, carnet de terrain, magnétophone, caméra, bibliographies. On a conclu que les jeunes sont encore incapables de franchir la frontière entre la connaissance du sens commun et des connaissances scientifiques, même au niveau de l'école secondaire. On considère que, pour que l'enseignement de la sociologie contribue au développement rural, outre les points sur la formation des enseignants, les programmes, la participation, l'accès et des ressources consacrées à l'éducation et d'autres services, la praxis pédagogique en sociologie doit être résultant de l'utilisation de la théorie à la analyser leur propre pratique pédagogique, c’-est-à-dire rechercher l'enseignement même de la sociologie et les caractéristiques des sujets qui font partie de la médiation pédagogique sans considérer les stéréotypes de leur mode de vie et en améliorant l'engagement, la liberté d'être et de faire.O tema central deste estudo é o ensino de sociologia no ensino médio direcionado aos jovens do campo. Deste modo, tem-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: em que medida a práxis pedagógica do ensino de sociologia considera o modo de vida dos jovens rurais e, especialmente, dos jovens rurais assentados, e contribui para o desenvolvimento humano? Para responder a esta questão, foram pesquisadas três escolas no município de Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, uma escola em área urbana e duas escolas no assentamento do MST. Foi aplicado um questionário para 36 jovens rurais e 36 jovens rurais assentados. O estudo teve abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, juntamente com o método das representações sociais. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram: inquérito por questionário, entrevista, observação, pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram usados os seguintes instrumentos de coleta de dados: questionário, roteiro de questões, diário de campo, gravador, máquina fotográfica, bibliografias. Conclui-se que os jovens ainda não conseguem transpor a fronteira entre conhecimento de senso comum e conhecimento científico, mesmo que em nível de ensino médio. Compreende-se que, para que o ensino de sociologia contribua ao desenvolvimento rural, além dos pontos sobre formação docente, currículo, participação, acessos e recursos voltados à educação e demais serviços, a práxis pedagógica em sociologia necessita ser resultante da utilização da teoria para analisar a própria prática docente, ou seja, pesquisar o próprio ensino de sociologia e as características dos sujeitos que fazem parte da mediação pedagógica, sem estereotipar seu modo de vida e potencializando o engajamento, a liberdade de ser e de fazer.
The central theme of this study is the teaching of sociology in secondary education targeted at rural young students. Thus, we have the following research problem: to what extent the pedagogical praxis of sociology teaching considers the way of life of rural youth, and especially young rural settlers, and contributes to human development? In order to answer this question, three schools in the city of Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, a school in an urban area and two schools in the MST settlement were surveyed. A questionnaire was administered to 36 young men and 36 settled rural youths. The study was quantitative and qualitative approach, together with the method of social representations. The research techniques used were: questionnaire survey, interview, observation, literature. The following instruments were used to collect data: questionnaires, question script, field journal, tape recorder, camera, bibliographies. It is concluded that young people are still unable to cross the border between common-sense knowledge and scientific knowledge, even at high school. It is understood that, in order to make the teaching of sociology contribute to rural development, besides the points on teacher training, curriculum, participation, access and resources devoted to education and other services, the pedagogical praxis in sociology needs to be resulting from the use of theory to analyze the own teaching practice, i.e. it needs to research the teaching of sociology and the characteristics of the subjects that are part of the pedagogical mediation without stereotyping their way of life and enhancing their engagement, the freedom to be and do.
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Adams, Gloria. "Rural Whiteness, Realizing Race: White Race Identity in Rural Northwestern Pennsylvania: A Critical Review." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1314103162.
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante. "A construção social do valor econômico da água: estudo sociológico sobre agricultura, ruralidade e valoração ambiental no Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-04042016-102956/.
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Esta é uma tese sociológica sobre formas de assimilação social de novas institucionalidades para regulação do uso e acesso aos recursos hídricos. Busca empreender, a despeito do recorte disciplinar de sua problemática, um esforço no diálogo de saberes com os campos da economia, filosofia, antropologia, geografia humana, agronomia, ecologia e direito ambiental. Sua apresentação geral consta de uma revisão teórico-conceitual crítica sobre o princípio neoclássico da valoração ambiental e da apresentação de dois estudos de caso sobre os possíveis impactos que a política de valoração da água trará para a agricultura paulista. Na revisão teórico-conceitual, a tese discute a necessidade de elaboração de estratégias epistêmicas alternativas de interpretação dos modernos conflitos sócio-ambientais. Propõe a superação dos enfoques formalistas de modelagem da relação sociedade-natureza. Nos estudos de caso, a tese apresenta diferentes possibilidades de ajustamento entre distintas configurações territoriais - dotadas de relações específicas de produção material e de exercício do poder social - e os anseios do princípio da valoração da água. As conclusões gerais do trabalho apontam para uma crítica às intervenções institucionais de gestão ambiental baseadas em modelos universalizantes de supostas condutas racionais de agentes e/ou grupos sociais.This is a sociological thesis about ways of social assimilating of new institutional inovations for the regulation of the use and access to water resources. It seeks to make an effort to obtain a knowledge dialogue with the fields of economy, philosophy, anthropology, human geography, agronomy, ecology and environmental laws. The thesis\'s general presentation consists of a critical theoretical review about the neoclassical principle of environmental valuation and the presentation of two case studies about the possible impacts that the water valuation policy will bring to the agriculture in São Paulo state. In the theoretical review, the thesis discusses the necessity of elaborating alternative strategies for the interpretation of the modern social and environmental conflicts. It proposes to overcome the formalist approaches of modeling in the relation society-nature. In the case studies, the thesis presents different possibilities of adjustment among different territorial configurations - with specific relations of material production and the exertion of the social power - and the aims of the water valuation principles. The general conclusions of the work point to a criticism to the institutional intervention of environmental policy based on models of suposedly rational bahaviors of agents and/or social groups.
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Kelly, Paige. "Rurality, Region, and Republican Voting." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492602954178696.
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Kapadia, Karin. "Gender, caste and class in rural south India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265607.
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Maurna, Crozier R. M. "Patterns of hospitality in a rural Ulster community." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314698.
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Gibbins, R. W. "The deprivation of the elderly in rural Norfolk." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372205.
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Welker, Lauren ELizabeth. "Rural Inequality in the Republic of Karelia: Considering Nonfarm Communities in Russian Rural Studies." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1293723070.
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Eggers, Brenda Dishman. "Teacher Morale in Rural Northeast Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1482.
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The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the factors that influence the morale levels of teachers in the public school systems of 3 contiguous counties in rural northeast Tennessee. The level of teacher morale was measured using the Purdue Teacher Opinionaire. Data associated with the Tennessee Value-Added Assessment System (TVAAS) teacher effect score, grade level taught, years of service, gender, and level of education were gathered. The morale score and the teacher effect score were then examined to ascertain if there was a relationship with the other factors. Data from this study were examined using the Statistical Process for Social Sciences (SPSS) data analysis program. By determining if there was a relationship between teacher morale and factors such as Tennessee TVAAS teacher effectiveness scores, grade level taught, years of service, gender, and level of education, further research could be completed related to indentifying and improving the morale of teachers in rural northeast Tennessee. Improved teacher morale might increase student learning.
The sample for this study consisted of 209 licensed teachers who were employed in rural northeast Tennessee during the 2011-2012 school year. Four research questions were used to direct the study and 20 hypotheses were used to test the data. The findings revealed that the overall level of teacher morale was significantly positive. There was not a significant relationship found between teacher morale levels and the TVAAS teacher effect scores. There was no significant difference in teacher effect scores by years of experience nor by level of education. A significant relationship was found between TVAAS teacher effect scores and the grade level taught. It appears individuals who teach at the secondary level had significantly lower TVAAS teacher effect scores than teachers who teach at the elementary and middle levels. There was not a significant relationship found between teacher morale level and the teachers' levels of education and gender. However, there was a significantly negative relationship between teacher morale level and teachers' years of experience. A significantly negative difference was also found in the relationship between teacher morale level and grade level taught.
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Karlsson, Sandra. "Alcohol Abuse Reproduced by Structural Inequalities : A Case Study in rural Mexico." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1327.
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Author
Sandra Karlsson
E-mail: s.e.karlsson@gmail.com, skaiv02@student.vxu.se
Institutional affiliation
Växjö University
School of Social Sciences
Academic adviser: Associate professor Per Dannefjord
Level: Bachelor’s thesis in sociology
Title
Alcohol Abuse Reproduced by Structural Inequalities: A Case Study in rural Mexico
Description
The purpose of this case study is to reveal the social structure determining the state of alcoholism in a particular society. The Case Study area is a marginalized rural and indigenous village, highly interconnected with the modern world through non-indigenous presence and because of its geographic location, situated close to a highway.
The research is a result of a perceived local acceptance and naturalness of a highly destructive alcohol intake, which penetrates the whole society.
The theoretical focus is drawn from the theories Durable Inequality developed by Charles Tilly and Stigmatization of Outsiders developed by Norbert Elias.
The study is empirical and presented in a narrative structure introducing the reader to both the particularities of the Case Study area as well as the focal problem. The method used is Participant Observation.
The crucial finding of the study is that an adaptive structure has evolved around the alcohol abuse, normalizing its existence and hazardous side effects, hindering any form of active resistance, and therefore reproducing or even strengthening the abuse.
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Park, Dae Shik. "Structural correlates of rural poverty in the Republic of Korea /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487841975359787.
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Walsh, Kathleen Mary. "The potential of participatory evaluation for rural community development." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/6544408e-dc4b-4849-afba-3f4e6dc27336.
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Kerswill, P. E. "A sociolinguistic study of rural immigrants in Bergen, Norway." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273084.
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Gilliatt, Joanna. "Unmarried motherhood and social change in a rural Galician parish." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374451.
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Yngstrom, Ingrid. "Gender, land and development in Tanzania : rural Dodoma, 1920-1996." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325172.
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Anderson, Paul D. Jr. "Rural Urban Differences in Educational Outcomes: Does Religious Social Capital Matter?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1430749911.
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Lagace, Vincent. "Financing rural producer organizations: Assessing market innovations." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28895.
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Rural producer organizations are being increasingly recognized for their efforts in improving the livelihoods of small farmers across the developing world. Caught between microfinance and commercial banks, these organizations however often struggle to access the necessary funds to bring their product to market or finance much-needed infrastructure.
In recent years, a growing recognition of the problem has led to the emergence of a new generation of specialized financial institutions (commonly called alternative lenders). Using innovative supply-chain oriented strategies such as reverse factoring, these lenders aim to catalyze the emergence of local financial markets that meet the needs of rural producer organizations. This thesis evaluates the need for these financial innovations, their impact as well as the business case for lending to rural producer organizations. This assessment is achieved through documentary research, literature review and three case studies of coffee rural producer organizations in the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Veracruz and Chiapas.
This thesis concludes that although a RPO financing gap was indeed identified in Mexico in the early 2000s, this gap was found to be receding in recent years due to the Mexican government's success in encouraging commercial lending to the sector through FIRA, a second-tier development bank, and changes in the financial regulatory framework allowing the rise of two categories of non-bank financial institutions, the SOFOL and SOFOM.
The study also found a business case for profitable lending to rural producer organizations. All three studied organizations, despite their challenges, were found to be dynamic businesses with financing needs undoubtedly beyond what the microfinance market has to offer. This thesis however identifies several risk factors for potential lenders: vulnerability to price fluctuations and local competition, the politicized nature of RPOs, dependence on public and private subsidies as well as low internal capacity in financial management and accounting.
This thesis evaluated the impact of recent financial innovations to be moderately positive at worst and transformational at best on rural producer organizations. The loans provided by alternative lenders allowed the organizations to gain precious credit experience while capitalizing on market opportunities that could have otherwise been out of reach.
Finally, this thesis concluded by suggesting a few strategies that could be used by alternative lenders to maximize their impact, including adjusting their interest rates to market conditions, working with local financial institutions, diversifying their client base, taking more risks, strengthening RPO capacity through capacity-building programs and leveraging RPO internal credit funds to unlock underserved rural microfinance markets.
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Iamamoto, André Toshio Villela. "Agroecologia e desenvolvimento rural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-09032006-140931/.
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Na cena contemporânea, a questão ambiental tem sido foco de atenção da comunidade científica de diferentes países, subsidiando a formulação de políticas que permitam conciliar a produção com a satisfação de necessidades humanas e a conservação e uso racional dos recursos naturais. No âmbito rural, a agricultura é uma das atividades que mais deterioram o meio ambiente e cujas conseqüências sociais e ambientais adquirem proeminência no debate mundial. Desde a década de 60 do século passado, quando a crise ambiental ganhou espaço na agenda das discussões internacionais da ONU, surgem mundialmente diversas iniciativas que se colocam como alternativas ao padrão tecnológico da agricultura industrial, resultado da chamada revolução verde. Atualmente a visibilidade dessas iniciativas tem se ampliado e, junto com a sua projeção mundial, observa-se o uso indiscriminado de termos como agricultura sustentável, agricultura orgânica, agricultura natural, agricultura ecológica a agroecologia, seja por desconhecimento de suas distinções, seja motivado por interesses fundamentalmente econômicos na apropriação dessas iniciativas. A presente dissertação propõe-se a um esclarecimento conceitual sobre a Agroecologia considerando os problemas rurais como expressões da sociedade capitalista e do padrão de desenvolvimento hegemônico, cujas interpretações sofrem refrações da atual crise paradigmática da ciência. A pesquisa apresenta uma retrospectiva histórica dos marcos fundantes da Agroecologia no âmbito da Ecologia agrícola através da análise do seu processo de desenvolvimento e enriquecimento teórico, tomando como referenciais os trabalhos de Miguel A. Altieri e de Eduardo Sevilla Guzmán devido a sua projeção internacional e complementaridade das abordagens. A pesquisa identifica um processo de continuidades e rupturas no desenvolvimento histórico da Agroecologia, o que indica a riqueza e, ao mesmo tempo, a complexidade do processo de sua constituição e do tema que abrange, e para além de concepções puramente técnicas e ahistóricas. As continuidades se expressam na incorporação e desenvolvimento do acervo de fundamentos teóricos e conhecimentos técnicos especializados acumulados ao longo de seu processo de formação; e as rupturas encontram-se consubstanciadas na subordinação dessas conquistas ao direcionamento social das pesquisas e ações empreendidas no marco dessa orientação teórica, direcionadas ao desenvolvimento rural. A Agroecologia nessa abordagem, mais que como uma ferramenta para o estabelecimento de sistemas produtivos sustentáveis, afirma a possibilidade de potencializar os processos sociais, resgatando formas de conhecimento e de práticas dos próprios agricultores mediante estratégias metodológicas voltadas ao desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Ela implica a afirmação de um pensamento social crítico junto a estudantes, profissionais e agricultores - para além da racionalidade instrumental vigente na comunidade científica ocidental.In the contemporary context, the environmental issue has been the main focus for the scientific community of different countries. They provide background to new policies that join production and satisfaction of human needs together with preservation and rational management of natural resources. In the countryside, agriculture is responsible for most environmental damage, and its socioenvironmental consequences are drawing attention of global debates. Since the1960´s, when the environmental subject was brought up to international discussions at UN, worldwide initiatives have been set in motion to stand for alternatives to the technological pattern of industrial agriculture - result of the so-called Green Revolution. Nowadays, as the visibility of these enterprises increases, along with its worldwide projection, we notice an indiscriminate use of terms such as sustainable agriculture, organic agriculture, natural agriculture, ecological agriculture and agroecology, due to an unclear distinction of these terms or due to economical interests in appropriating them. The present dissertation proposes a conceptual elucidation about Agroecology, considering rural problems as expressions of the capitalist society and the hegemonic development model, whose interpretations suffer refractions from the present science paradigmatic crisis. This research presents a historical retrospective of the beginning of Agroecology, in the Agricultural Ecology field, through the analysis of its development process and theoretical enrichment, taking as backgrounds the works of Miguel A. Altieri and Eduardo Sevilla Guzmán, due to their international recognition and complementary approaches. This research identifies a process of continuums and ruptures in the historical development of Agroecology, which indicates the richness and complexity of its development and of the subject it embraces, beyond purely technological and ahistorical conceptions. The continuums are expressed by the incorporation and development of the theoretical basis and of specialized technical knowledge, gathered along its development; and the ruptures are found in the subordination of these conquers to the social aim of research and initiatives taken in the mark of this theoretical orientation, concerning rural development. In this approach, Agroecology means more than simply a tool to design sustainable productive systems, but it represents a possibility to empower social processes, rescuing peasants knowledge and practices through methodological strategies aimed at the sustainable rural development. It implies the affirmation of a critic social thought by students, professionals and peasants beyond the operational rationality reigning over occidental scientific community.
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Sarkar, Sukla. "Sociology of educational achievement of SC students: case studies of two rural schools in North Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/144.
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Mell, Penelope. "The theory and practice of community-based strategies in rural areas." Thesis, Coventry University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367115.
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Fabian, Rika. "Making the national farmer progressive educational reforms and transformation of rural society in the United States (1902-1918) and Japan (1920-1945) /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3297429.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Aug. 8, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 231-236).
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Sterrett, Kenneth Walter. "The sociology of design and aesthetics : the case of housing in rural Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394883.
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Sun, Qi. "Traditional medicine in rural China and the southern United States: an exploratory study." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1722.
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This study compared the differences and similarities of the traditional remedies, the biochemical values of traditional remedies for hypertension, and the characteristics of the theories of traditional medicine between rural China and the rural southern United States. The data for rural China were collected from three popular medical books published by Chinese government and a periodical of Henan Province, China. The data for the rural southern United States were previously collected through Life History Interviews on 234 older blacks living in six southern states of the United States during 1978-1980. The original study of older blacks in the southern United States was carried out by The National Center on Black Aged under a grant from the Administration on Aging for a study of ways of meeting the needs of older blacks. The comparison of traditional remedies for hypertension was focused on the differences and similarities of the action principles. Some traditional remedies used in rural China have action principles similar to those of traditional remedies used in the rural southern United States. Through analyzing the data previously collected by The Navel Treatment Research Group of The Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute in Henan 1979, the significant biochemical values of traditional remedies for hypertension were found. The comparison of the theories of traditional medicine between rural China and the rural southern United States was based on reviews of previous studies.
This study provides an initial exploration of comparisons of traditional medicine between rural China and the rural southern United States. However, due to the fact that in the southern United states, data on the therapeutic effects of traditional remedies for hypertension were not explicit, the findings reported in this study are tentative. Secondly, because the comparison of the theories of traditional medicine between rural China and the rural southern United States was based on the literature reviews, the findings lack a foundation in primary data. Further research should include studies of data on the therapeutic effects multiple traditional remedies. Finally, theories of traditional medicine of China and the southern United States should be compared in detail, including their different histories, cultures, and ecological-botanical contexts.
In this thesis, eating medicine means taking medicine.
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Bukky, Molly. "Urban and Rural Adolescent Drug use and its Relationship with Classic Criminological Theories." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1491988076561329.
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LAI, Chun On. "The making of rurality in Hong Kong : villagers' changing perception of rural space." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2015. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/soc_etd/39.
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The study focus on the ongoing disputes over rural development bring to the fore the competing paradigms and representations of rurality on the part of different rural stakeholders in the New Territories. This study attempt to debunk the conventional image of the rural as a natural, homogenous locality pitted against the urban way of life. Drawing from the qualitative study of twenty-five people who live or often participate in rural activities, the New Territories was an actual space with three co-existing mindsets from three modes of social organization: agricultural, capitalist, post-industrial. These three co-existing mindsets are normally found in many societies experiencing unprecedented rapid social and economic development with rich theoretical and empirical support in global academic research. However, existing academic research in Hong Kong seldom explores the competing images of the rural that may exist amongst different rural stakeholders in the New Territories. Thus, this study will be marking a useful contribution by examining the construction of rurality in Hong Kong.
This study provides a new perspective that ascribed status of indigenous residents, which is unique in Hong Kong contextual background, is an important parameter in constructing individual perception of rurality. The ascribed indigenous identity solidified by blood, history and laws that act like special castes to differentiate Hong Kong people either indigenous or non-indigenous. The presence of ascribed indigenous status as a new parameter easily explains the complexity of individual perception of rurality amongst different rural stakeholders. This study will attempt to connect up the ascribed status of indigenous residents with the three co-existing mindsets based on the modes of social organizations, so as deepen our understanding of the uniqueness of rurality in the Hong Kong context.
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Bradley, Victoria Jane. "Community participation and the village appraisal process in rural England : a case study of Northamptonshire." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30724.
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A realist approach is developed to enable a detailed interpretation of the process of village appraisals at the national and local level, focusing upon the wider national structures and the ways these are shaped by the distinctive characteristics of individual localities and the people and groups who live there. This study focuses on the county of Northamptonshire, which has a long history of self-help and where village appraisals have been taken up with particular enthusiasm.;Given the shift towards local governance in the past two decades, and a growing emphasis on individual and community responsibility and procedures such as the village appraisal which mobilize local skills and resources and empower rural communities from the structures of government, the study involves a detailed investigation of the relationships which currently exist between the statutory authorities and local communities with specific reference to the village appraisal. Further research using participant observation of over 30 steering group meetings in three case-study villages, supported by a survey of over 300 households and 40 interviews with parish councillors and steering group members, gave detailed insights into the means by which local people were availed of the opportunity to participate in the village appraisal process and to shape its content and structure.;The key conclusions indicate that significant tensions are evident in the attitudes of local government agencies, particularly in how they might participate in the village appraisal process and what forms that participation should take. At the local level, the notion of participation, seen as an integral part of rural life, is shown as illusory with most villages and villagers choosing not to become involved. As a result most appraisals are conducted by small elites within the village, often with the token involvement of the population through a questionnaire survey.
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Krasucki, Lucas Berliner 1988. "Cultivando a floresta : sistemas de conhecimento e agroflorestas em Barra do Turvo - SP." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279712.
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Orientador: Nádia FarageDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Este projeto visa uma análise da apropriação diferencial de técnicas e narrativas agroflorestais por agricultores familiares da Barra do Turvo, no Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo. Reunidos, atualmente, em torno da associação Cooperafloresta, esses agricultores tiveram contato com diversos ativistas, pesquisadores e cientistas, entre eles um dos sistematizadores do conceito de agrofloresta, Ernst Götsch, em 1996. A pesquisa buscará, portanto, compreender, do ponto de vista desses agricultores e agricultoras, os aspectos econômicos, sociais e simbólicos que permeiam a prática do cultivo de florestas, e de que forma tal prática se constitui e se insere num diálogo entre ciência e tradição, entre transnacionalidade e localidade, entre cultura letrada e cultura oral. Trata-se, portanto, de focalizar a imbricação do conhecimento tradicional e da ciência alternativa oferecida pela agroecologia, com ênfase na produção intelectual de pesquisadores das agroflorestas, nas representações da população local sobre a natureza ¿ vegetais, animais, solos e outros aspectos ¿, buscando mapear suas convergências, dilemas e eventuais conflitos
Abstract: This project aims to analyze different ways family farmers appropriate agroforestry techniques and narratives at Barra do Turvo, in Vale do Ribeira, state of São Paulo. Over time, these farmers that presently form the association Cooperfloresta have been in contact with many activists, researchers and scientists, including Ernst Götsch, himself one of the main systematizers of the agroforestry concept, whom they met in 1996. It is our goal to understand, from the point of view of these farmers, the economic, social and symbolic aspects of the practical cultivation of forests, and in what way this practice constitutes itself through, and is included in, a dialogue between science and tradition, transnationalism and locality, learned culture and oral culture. To this end, we focus on the interconnections between traditional knowledge and the alternative science put forward by agroecology, with special emphasis on the intellectual work of agroforestry researchers, and the local people's representations of nature - plants, animals, soil and other aspects - while striving to chart their convergence, dilemmas or possible conflicts
Mestrado
Antropologia Social
Mestre em Antropologia Social
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Favareto, Arilson da Silva. "Paradigmas do desenvolvimento rural em questão - do agrário ao territorial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/90/90131/tde-24042008-113514/.
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O objetivo desta pesquisa é estabelecer a diferença conceitual trazida com a abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento rural em relação às abordagens tradicionais de apreensão deste mesmo objeto nas ciências sociais, a partir de uma análise histórica e teórica do problema. Na base da emergência do que se convencionou chamar por \"nova ruralidade\" há um deslizamento no conteúdo social e na qualidade da articulação das suas três dimensões definidoras fundamentais: as relações rural-urbano, a proximidade com a natureza, e os laços interpessoais. A tese que se pretende demonstrar é que os significados maiores desta mudança são, de um lado, a erosão do paradigma agrário que sustentou as visões predominantes sobre o rural ao longo de todo o último século, e, de outro, a intensificação de um longo e heterogêneo processo de racionalização da vida rural. Um processo através do qual o rural, em vez de desaparecer, se integra por completo à dinâmica mais ampla dos processos de desenvolvimento, por meio tanto da unificação dos diferentes mercados (de trabalho, de produtos e serviços, e de bens simbólicos) como também por meio da criação de instituições que regulam as formas de uso social destes espaços, agora amalgamando interesses que têm por portadores sociais segmentos originários também de outras esferas.The purpose of this research is to establish the conceptual difference embedded in the territorial approach to rural development in relation to traditional approaches to apprehending the same object in social science, founded on a historical and theoretical analysis of the problem. At the basis of the emergence of what convention termed as \"new rurality\", there is a shift in the social content of and in the quality of the interrelation between its three fundamental defining dimensions: rural-urban relations, proximity to nature, and interpersonal ties. The thesis we intend to demonstrate is that the broader implications of this change are, for one, the erosion of the agrarian paradigm that supported the prevailing visions about the rural throughout the last century and, for another, the intensification of a long and heterogeneous process of rationalization of rural life. A process in which the rural, rather than disappearing, is completely integrated to the broader dynamic of development processes both by means of the unification of the different markets (labor, products and services, and symbolic goods) and the creation of institutions that regulate the forms of social use of these spaces, now amalgamating interests borne by social segments also originating in other spheres.
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Packman, J. "Rural deprivation and the loss of services : A case study of Norfolk." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375067.
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Roberts, Emyr Gordon. "Deprivation in a remote rural area : a case study in mid-Wales." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334828.
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Ray, C. "Local rural development in the Western Isles, Skye and Lochalsh and Britanny." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362923.
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Hoop, Larry Doughan Larry. "Effective ministry in rural Iowa." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Almeida, Adriano Carlos de. "De tradição e modernidade: o campo religioso em transformação no meio rural de Viçosa-MG, na contemporaneidade." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4115.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-22Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In this study we sought to understand the relationship between the changes in religious manifestations in rural Brazilian in times of high-modernity, and the social, economical and productive transformations that characterize the emergence of the so called new ruralities. For this cause we tried to perceive which way and how far the religious manifestations in the rural areas of the local municipality of Viçosa found to be connected to the transformations in the areas of jobs and income. More and more it is possible to see that job and occupation dynamics that show up in the profile of owners moves away from the common characteristics of traditions field work. The income sources of the interviewed families are from activities traditionally found in the rural environment, such as agriculture and cattle-raising, but by traditional urban jobs. In the same manner we find the presence of "neo-rural" groups in the rurality profile of Viçosa. Residents in the field that come from the city look for a simpler life in a rural environment, and naturally give meaning to this rural world. When we put our attention in the characteristics referring to the religious field in the studied communities, it was notable that its dynamics is characterized by a strong connection with the urban world. There is a plurality of religious denominations in the rural area of the local municipality of Viçosa. We verified a majority of Catholics, but a considerable number of historical Protestants, Pentecosts, Saint Daime followers, as well as interviewed those that declared no religion. Nevertheless, such considerations do not imply affirmations in distinctions of specific identities of rural areas in relation to urban, but that the rural rebuilds and is re-defined inside a global dynamic keeping rhythms and differentiated forms of absorption that give it a specific dynamic character. From this perspective, we cannot talk about rurality conditions other than these conjectural transformations neither stop protecting that such processes are constantly marked by the undeniable weight that traditions give them.
Buscamos neste estudo compreender as relações entre as mudanças do universo das manifestações religiosas no rural brasileiro, em tempos de alta-modernidade, e as transformações sociais, econômicas e produtivas que caracterizam a emergência das chamadas novas ruralidades. Nesse sentido procuramos perceber de que modo e em que medida a manifestação religiosa nas áreas rurais do município de Viçosa se encontra atrelada à transformações na esfera de emprego e renda. Cada vez mais é possível perceber que a dinâmica de empregos e ocupação que se apresenta no perfil dos proprietários foge a característica comum às tradições de trabalho no campo. As fontes de renda das famílias dos entrevistados não estão dadas pelas atividades tradicionalmente encontradas no meio rural, tais como a agricultura e a pecuária, mas antes, por trabalhos de tradição urbana. Na mesma medida, constatamos dentro do perfil de ruralidade em Viçosa, a presença de grupos "neo-rurais". Moradores do campo advindos da cidade, que procuram no meio rural uma forma de vida mais simples, dando significação a este rural, como natureza. Ao lançarmos nossa atenção para as características referentes ao campo religioso nas comunidades estudadas, é notável que a sua dinâmica se caracteriza por um forte embricamento com o universo urbano. Existe nas áreas rurais do município de Viçosa uma pluralidade de denominações religiosas. Verificamos uma maioria de católicos, mas um número representativo de protestantes históricos, pentecostais, adeptos do Santo Daime, assim como entrevistados que declararam não manter vínculos em relação à nenhuma instituição religiosa. Contudo, tal consideração não implica em afirmar uma indistinção da especificidade identitária do rural em relação ao urbano, mas, sim, que o rural se reconstrói e se redefine dentro de uma dinâmica global, guardando ritmos e formas de absorção diferenciadas, que lhe dão uma especificidade de caráter dinâmico. Nessa perspectiva, não poderíamos falar de condições de ruralidade alheias à estas transformações conjecturais, nem tampouco, deixar de resguardar que tais processos são constantemente marcados pelo peso inegável que as tradições lhes conferem.
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Walton, Sarah. "“The Real Issue Is…”: A Case Study of Anti-Muslim Mobilization in a Rural Great Plains Community." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523631392939933.
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Mbokazi, Nonzuzo. "Understanding Childcare Choices amongst Low-Income Employed Mothers in Urban and Rural KwaZulu-Natal." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32830.
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This study explains how low-income employed mothers navigate care strategies for their young children (0-4 years). The study considers the constraints within which they make ‘choices' about caring for their children using the market, kin and state. In addition, the study argues that these ‘choices' are immensely constrained and that the low-income employed mothers have no real choice. For many women, the ‘feminisation of the workforce' – the growing number of women in paid work – has entailed enormous stress and pressure, as they combine strenuous paid work with the demands of mothering. Low-income employed mothers must balance paid with unpaid work, in ways that are different to women who have more resources. This study analyses how women do this within households where gendered roles and a gender hierarchy continue to prevail. In some cases, low-income employed mothers must take on not only do the ‘work' of managing the household but also the additional ‘work' of soliciting the fathers for financial support and involvement in at least some aspects of their children's lives. This is a phenomenon that existing literature has not captured. The work performed by low-income employed mothers is shaped by changes in the family structure and kinship relations. The family structure in South Africa has been described as disintegrating and in crisis. I argue that the presence of paternal kin had traditionally been a pertinent one in the life of a child (specifically in KwaZulu-Natal, the study site) based on patrilineal belonging. This has significantly shifted and has implications for low-income employed mothers already stretched thin balancing work and childcare with limited support. The ‘choices' made by working women are also framed by their understanding of motherhood, which are in turn framed by cultural and societal expectations and perceptions. Having engaged with the balance between paid and unpaid work (and other forms of work – cognitive work and the work of chasing money and involvement) that the mothers must do (mothering practices), the thesis makes sense of Zulu ideals about motherhood, and how these have shaped and informed the experiences of the mothers, in the present context of the changing position of women. Mothers are nearly always the gatekeepers for the provision of care for children. This study uses the lived experiences of low-income employed mothers to show that they cannot exercise much choice in determining how to provide care for their preschool children. Most of the institutional options – both through the market and the supposed state – are constrained by their inability to afford to look for better options and by their lack of time to travel to better options. Familial or kin options are constrained by the ambivalence of kin and mothers' own expectations and understandings of their own roles. The result is that employed mothers are often on their own, piecing together a combination of childcare arrangements that is very far from the ideal childcare they would like to provide for their children. Low-income employed mothers need to be supported in their roles as employed mothers; this would be possible through subsidized public provision of quality early childhood services. However, policy implications of this would need to be considered. For instance, what would quality childcare provision cost the state? Is it feasible in a country still working on undoing the policy implications of the apartheid state? It could be that the state might not have the capacity to organize this. The South African state has a very poor track record in converting public expenditure into high quality public services. Lessons from this can be drawn from a few examples, for instance health care, education and housing (which are problematic). This thesis adds to the literature in using the lived experiences of employed mothers to show that neither the state nor the market nor kin provide an adequate safety net for the care of the children of low-income employed mothers.
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Wei, Xiaoping. "Assessing the Social Impacts of a Sustainable Technology: The Biogas Program in Rural China." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420731804.
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Kamwendo, Naphambo Emmily. "(Re)constructing the African notion of girls' readiness for marriage: insights from rural Malawi." Thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33775.
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This ethnographic study is concerned with examining how communities in Chauma of Dedza district in Malawi construct “girls' readiness for marriage” as the immediate lens through which child marriage can be understood. The social label of girls' readiness for marriage refers to the complex constructions of notions of girlhood and girls' sexuality, conscious and subconscious, that define the maturity of girls to enter marital arrangements. The choice of exploring the social construction of “girls' readiness for marriage” is odd, as it may be mistakenly assumed obvious and unnecessary. However, this choice places emphasis on the process itself – that of ‘becoming ready for marriage', one of the ways of understanding marriage decisions for young girls. And yet, this phenomenon has not received much scholarly attention in recent times. In this study, I adopt a social constructionist perspective to question and challenge how communities have constructed and reproduced notions of girls' readiness for marriage. The study argues that girls' readiness for marriage is a complex construction that is informed by interrelated and yet, exclusive, conceptualisations. It is crystalised by multiple, intertwined, politicised and, sometimes, contradictory, motifs, created by girls themselves and by other actors around them. These constructions are multiple layered and centrally revolve on the formulation and maintenance of traditions. The first layer in these constructions is a dyad of pull forces that shape and influence girls' readiness for marriage. One part of these largely constitutes customary and religious traditions, which not only define girls who are ready for marriage, but also influence the acceptance of girls' maturity for marriage. The other part comprises the symbiotic relationship between traditions and the power of traditional authorities. Perched at the fulcrum of maintaining the institution of chiefship are gendered and sexuality-based traditions, which are used to legitimise the exercise of chiefly powers over their subordinates. As this form of power is being exercised, girls' readiness for marriage is shaped. Foregrounded by the pull of social forces of traditions and the political economy of chieftaincies, is a second layer, where girls' readiness for marriage is conceptulised in other distinctive ways. These include physical and mental maturity, sexual maturity, perceived loss of innocence (pregnancy and dating), ability to perform gendered household chores and commencement of menstruation. In these constructions, despite its popularity amongst development and human rights discourses, the chronological age of 18 is not considered as a fundamental marker for girls' readiness for marriage. The study therefore stresses that activists, development practitioners and governments working on child marriages should be conscious of local contextual conceptualisations of girls' readiness for marriage before developing policies and programmes that aim at eradicating child marriages. The facets of the context-specific nature of girls' readiness for marriage are missing in the conceptualisation of the main childhood scholars, yet they emerge as important aspects in this study. The study points to the need for these facets to be incorporated into the core elements of programmes to create a more holistic framework of analysis. Through girls' readiness for marriage, this thesis also highlights many other aspects; it challenges several other assumptions around gender, sexuality, religion, universality of childhood and on power of chiefships.
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Santos, Ana Carolina Vila Ramos dos 1981. "Pelo movimento : natureza e modernidade em "Os Parceiros do Rio Bonito" de Antonio Candido." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280512.
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Orientador: Leila da Costa FerreiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Neste trabalho, tomo como objetivo estudar um período crucial à formação do pensamento sociológico brasileiro- décadas de 1940 a 1960- tomando como obra-guia "Os Parceiros do Rio Bonito" de Antonio Candido. Sugiro que a sociologia de Antonio Candido e seu "Os parceiros do Rio Bonito" encontram-se na confluência de debates teóricos, metodológicos, sociais e políticos cruciais na compreensão da formação do pensamento sociológico brasileiro. Tomando como idéia-guia 'natureza' em sua articulação com o tema da modernidade, proponho desenhar uma história sobre o que e como se pensou sobre natureza na sociologia paulista munida do intento de oferecer um substrato crítico para o desenvolvimento dos estudos contemporâneos, no âmbito da sociologia, em torno da temática ambiente e sociedade
Abstract: This work looks at a important moment of the Brazilian sociological thought formation - from 1940 to 1960 - and takes as object of study Antonio Candido's "Os Parceiros do Rio Bonito". We suggest that Antonio Candido's sociology, as constructed and exposed in "Os Parceiros do Rio Bonito, is in the confluence of theoretical, methodological, social e political debates crucial to the comprehension of the Brazilian social thought formation. Taking as guide the idea of nature in its articulation with the theme "modernity", I intend to draw a history about what and how nature has been thought in the Brazilian sociology (especially, those studies that take place in São Paulo state in the period drawn above) as a first step to construct a critical background to the development of contemporary studies in the environmental sociology
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutora em Sociologia
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Torkelsson, Åsa. "Trading out? : A study of farming women’s and men’s access to resources in rural Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8339.
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Women are over-represented among the rural poor in developing countries, and the difficulties they face in raising themselves out of poverty are well established. This thesis examines how gender structures trade in local markets and forms of sociability in rural Ethiopia, using survey data from four rural communities and three local market places. Over 600 male and female farmers were surveyed, and qualitative data from interviews and observations was used to interpret and analyze the results. The thesis is in four parts: Part I introduces the research questions, and presents the theory and research methodology. The thesis posits that women’s access to resources is mediated via men, making it difficult for them to head their own households. Part II links the theoretical concepts to conditions in the field, showing how the the less valued activities are assigned to women, and develops a resource index that establishes the inequality in resource access. Part III proves that gender structures local markets and that the inequality in access to resources is reproduced in these. Yet trading offers an important livelihood for women, challenging their isolation and expanding their choices and markets are arenas in which they can exercise their agency. Part IV shows that local forms of sociability are also structured by gender and influence access to other resources. Density of social network ties and access to rural resources are strongly linked, particularly for female household heads. The final chapter shows how the gendered structure of local markets and sociability allows men to capitalize on resources more effectively than women. But women can carve out space and authority for themselves, lead local organizations and become active traders, and are actually less embedded in communities and more embedded in markets than men. The thesis problematizes the livelihood options open to female household heads, and how they balance these between markets and communities. The thesis concludes that future attempts to strengthen local markets and institutions must acknowledge that women and men face different constraints and opportunities. Women's room for maneuver could then translate into real empowerment.
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Gardner, Graham Simon. "Identity, strategy and the hybridity of power in the recomposition of rural places." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275726.
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Abdel-Wadood, R. M. "The socio cultural influences on the developmental role of the Egyptian rural woman." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375681.
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Coffey, Patricia S. "The psychosocial determinants of induced abortion among a rural population in Southern Togo." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359774.
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MacDonald, R. F. "Schooling, training, working and claiming : Youth and employment in local, rural labour markets." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382968.
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Goetz, Anne Marie. "The institutional politics of gender in development policy for rural women in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272656.
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