Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rural labour markets

Academic literature on the topic 'Rural labour markets'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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Rao, J. Mohan. "Fragmented rural labour markets." Journal of Peasant Studies 15, no. 2 (January 1988): 238–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066158808438359.

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Monk, Sarah, Ian Hodge, and Jessica Dunn. "Supporting Rural Labour Markets." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 15, no. 4 (November 2000): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026909400750068022.

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Hardill, Irene. "Trading Places." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 13, no. 2 (August 1998): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690949808726432.

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This paper reports on some of the findings of a recent study on the employment impact of moving to a rural area. A case study approach is used to elucidate the choices/constraints/compromises encountered by women in in-migrant households to rural and semi-rural parts of the East Midlands, Great Britain. Rural labour markets are quantitatively and qualitatively different from urban labour markets and, while some of the surveyed in-migrant women managed to find jobs following their move, they often experienced downward occupational mobility; others withdrew from the labour market. A number of policy recommendations are also made to improve labour market access.
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Jones, Melanie K. "Rural Labour Markets: The Welsh Example." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 19, no. 3 (August 2004): 226–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269094042000233619.

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Osmani, S. R. "Wage determination in rural labour markets." Journal of Development Economics 34, no. 1-2 (November 1990): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(90)90074-l.

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Reddy, A. Amarender. "Rural labour markets: Insights from Indian villages." Asia-Pacific Development Journal 21, no. 1 (December 5, 2014): 107–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/22ec4f94-en.

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Jarvis, David, Philip Dunham, and Brian Ilbery. "Local Rural Labour Markets: Enterprising or Constraining?" Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 21, no. 2 (May 2006): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690940600608192.

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Wuepper, David, Stefan Wimmer, and Johannes Sauer. "Does family farming reduce rural unemployment?" European Review of Agricultural Economics 48, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 315–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab002.

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Abstract This article investigates the causal relationship between family farming and rural labour markets. To this end, we combine farm accountancy data and public labour market statistics at the district level (NUTS-3) for the years 2008–2013. While cross-sectional regressions reveal a strong and robust negative correlation between the share of family farm labour and unemployment rate in a region, fixed-effects panel data regressions suggest this is not causal. Instead, we find evidence that cultural differences in work ethic spuriously connect family farming with unemployment. Thus, supporting family farming to fight rural unemployment is not an effective strategy in Germany.
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Rak, Anna. "Aktywizacja zawodowa młodych osób bezrobotnych w wybranych powiatach ziemskich podregionu siedleckiego." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.3.84.

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Youth unemployment is currently among the most serious problems on the Polish and EU labour markets. The young account for nearly half of the unemployed on the two markets. The purpose of the paper is to determine the interest of young unemployed residents of rural areas in labour market programmes and to diagnose the methods of seeking employment used by those people. The information presented mainly comes from the results of questionnaire surveys carried out in three rural counties of the Siedlce subregion.
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Nanyiti, Aisha, Haki Pamuk, and Erwin Bulte. "Tied Labour, Savings and Rural Labour Market Wages: Evidence from a Framed Field Experiment." Journal of African Economies 28, no. 4 (March 11, 2019): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejz004.

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Abstract How does the introduction of tied labour or a saving product affect labour market decisions and wages in rural agricultural labour markets? We develop a theoretical model of labour tying that incorporates diminishing marginal returns to consumption and inequality (behindness) aversion in the context of a rural agricultural labour market with seasonally fluctuating demand for labour, and test model predictions using a framed field experiment (modified ultimatum game) in rural Uganda. Our main findings are that (1) wages fluctuate with productivity, (2) access to tied contracts decreases wages for casual labour and (3) access to a saving technology does not improve wages for tied labour. Consistent with model predictions and earlier theory, we empirically find that income for workers goes down (and income for landlords goes up) if an institutional innovation enables consumption smoothing by workers (tied contracts or a saving technology).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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MacDonald, R. F. "Schooling, training, working and claiming : Youth and employment in local, rural labour markets." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382968.

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Mueller, Bernd. "Working for development? : a study of the political economy of rural labour markets in Tanzania." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13195/.

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The thesis aims to expand economists’ general understanding of rural development by interpreting the formation, expansion and functioning of rural labour markets as being situated at the centre of development. For this, we start by setting up an analytical framework that is rooted in classical political economy and that highlights the importance of socio-economic relations of power and property, processes of socio-economic differentiation, as well as the centrality of gender and intra-household relations as critical parts and complements in any holistic analysis. Through this we explore the deep theoretical links between the labour market and any process of rural development. The principal part of the thesis then goes on to applying this analytical framework using empirical survey data collected in the West Usambara Mountains region in North Tanzania through primary fieldwork in 2008 exploring wider processes of labour market participation and capital accumulation. A major aspect of this research is to compare our results with the influential study by Sender and Smith (1990) conducted in the same region in 1986. Some important results of our study are a relatively clear trend towards production being predominantly governed by wage labour relations, a general increase of economic pressure on people’s land holdings and a resulting process of increased differentiation and separation from the means of subsistence. We furthermore observed – in contrast to Sender and Smith’s conclusions – a tangible reduction of men’s capacity to coercively appropriate women’s labour power within the household, which they diagnosed to be a major impediment towards the greater process of development.
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Moses, Gary William. "Social relations in the Victorian countryside hiring fairs and their critics in the East Riding of Yorkshire c. 1840-1880 /." Thesis, Online version, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.324567.

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Nasser, Yousef. "Labour markets and rural household economics : the case of hill country Palestine (1890-1990) with special reference to the Israeli occupation period." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259711.

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Cramer, C. "Labour markets, employment, and the transformation of war economies. Paper presented at the ¿Transforming War Economies¿ Seminar, Plymouth, 16-18 June 2005." University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4178.

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Although many different analyses in some ways acknowledge the relevance of labour markets to the political economy of violent conflict and of war to peace transitions, there has been little sustained or systematic exploration of this dimension of war economies and post-conflict reconstruction. This paper highlights the empirical and analytical gaps and suggests that a framework departing from the assumptions of the liberal interpretation of war allows for a richer analysis of labour market issues and policies. This is illustrated by the history of rural Mozambique through the war economy and into the first post-war decade.
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Feuerbacher, Arndt. "Economy-wide Modelling of Seasonal Labour and Natural Resource Policies." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19825.

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Die vorliegende Dissertation widmet sich methodischen und empirischen Forschungsfragen mit Bezug auf saisonale Arbeitsmärkte und Politiken zur nachhaltigen Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen. Hierfür wird ein gesamtwirtschaftlicher Modellierungsansatz angewendet, für den das im südöstlichen Himalaya gelegene Königreich Bhutan als empirische Fallstudie dient. Das methodische Forschungsziel der Arbeit ist, die Relevanz der Darstellung von saisonalen Arbeitsmärkten innerhalb von allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodellen (sog. CGE Modelle) zu ergründen. Dies stellt eine Neuheit in der Literatur dar. Die Arbeit zeigt auf, dass Modelle ohne saisonale Arbeitsmärkte systematisch Ergebnisse, wie Angebotsreaktionen und Wohlstandseffekte, verzerren. Die Saisonalität von Arbeit hat eine hohe Relevanz für gesamtwirtschaftliche Analysen im Kontext landwirtschaftlich geprägter Volkswirtschaften, insbesondere für Untersuchungen des Strukturwandels und agrarpolitischer Interventionen. Empirisch wird die wechselseitige Abhängigkeit von Politiken zum nachhaltigen Management natürlicher Ressourcen mit Zielen des Umweltschutzes und der ländlichen Entwicklung untersucht. Basierend auf unterschiedlichen Modellierungsansätzen, konzentrieren sich drei Studien auf agrar- und forstpolitische Szenarien in Bhutan. Es wird gezeigt, dass Bhutans Ziel, seinen landwirtschaftlichen Sektor auf 100% ökologische Landwirtschaft umzustellen, zu substantiellen Wohlfahrtsverlusten und negativen Folgen für die Ernährungssicherung führen würde. Die Analyse verschiedener forstpolitischer Szenarien demonstriert, dass eine höhere Forstnutzung in Bhutan im Sinne der gesamtwirtschaftlichen und ländlichen Entwicklung nachhaltig möglich ist. Die Arbeit weist auf verschiedene zukünftige Forschungsfelder hin, wie zum Beispiel die Integration von Ökosystemdienstleistungen, was als eine der wesentlichen Einschränkungen bei der modellgestützten Analyse von Politiken zur Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen identifiziert wurde.
Using an economy-wide modelling approach, this dissertation investigates methodological and empirical research questions related to seasonal labour markets and natural resource policies. The Kingdom of Bhutan, located in the south-eastern Himalayas, serves as a case study. The methodological research objective of this thesis is to gain an understanding of the relevance of seasonal labour markets in the context of economy-wide modelling. The depiction of seasonal labour markets at national scale using a seasonal social accounting matrix (SAM) and computable general equilibrium (CGE) model presents a novel development within the literature. It is demonstrated, that the absence of seasonal labour markets leads to systematic bias of model results. The consequences are distorted supply responses and biased welfare effects, underlining the pivotal implications of seasonality for economy-wide analysis in the context of agrarian economies, particularly for scenario analysis involving structural changes and agricultural policy interventions. The empirical research objective addresses the interdependence of natural resource policies with objectives of environmental conservation and rural development. Employing modelling techniques, three studies focus on specific agricultural and forest policy scenarios in Bhutan. Simulating Bhutan’s ambitious policy objective to convert to 100% organic agriculture demonstrates substantial welfare losses and adverse impacts on food security, causing trade-offs with objectives of rural development and food self-sufficiency. Analysing forest policy reforms shows that increased forest utilization contributes to economic development, particularly in rural areas, without jeopardizing the country’s forest conservation agenda. The dissertation points at numerous areas of future research, as for example the incorporation of ecosystem services, which is identified as one key limitation of economy-wide analysis of natural resource policies.
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Yu, Li. "Labour market outcomes, migration intentions of rural-urban migrants and return migration in China." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3340.

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It has been widely documented that migrant labourers have made great contributions to the urban economy of China; as well, the explosive growth of rural-urban migrants has generated several "migration problems," such as growing social inequality in urban China. It is widely reported that a large number of migrants have returned to their places of origin, after several years of "urban life," and this trend has been accelerated after the global economic crisis after 2008. Consequently, the large number of return migrants have created many problems in the cities, such as labour shortage in the manufacturing industry, and also posed a huge challenge to the rural areas in the resettlement of these returnees. In sum, to understand both the migrants in destination cities and return migrants in their places of origin is of great importance for both urban and rural development in China. The research so far, on the understanding of migrants' behaviour and labour market outcomes in a multi-phased migration process, seems highly controversial and therefore, insufficient. This study, based on migrant survey data collected in Fujian Province, and return migrant interview data collected in Sichuan and Jiangxi Provinces, explores migrant labour market outcomes in the cities, as well as their geographical differentiation; migrant return intentions, and their gender differentiations; return behaviour and the resettlement situations of actual returnees. The results show that the multi-phased migration process of rural migrants in China is synthetically shaped by macro, meso, and micro factors, and by the interactions between these factors. To be more specific, findings of this study indicate that migrant labour markets in urban China are largely geographically differentiated according to several regional characteristics. The study also finds that a large proportion of rural-urban migrants intends to return to their places of origin. As well, their return intentions are significantly gender-differentiated. Finally, the resettlement situations of return migrants are closely connected to their migration experience.
ix, 160 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
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Vera-Toscano, Esperanza. "Modelling the labour market behaviour of women in rural canada." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302482.

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This thesis develops and applies the neo-classical approach to labour supply to analyse differences between rural and urban women's labour market behaviour. Thus, one of the questions addressed is - what are the socio-economic factors affecting the labour supply of women in rural areas, and, thus do they differ between rural and urban female workers? Further beyond the general issue as to whether rural labour markets are functioning in the same way as their urban counterparts, the study also considers whether the labour market outcomes of women in poor households differ from the rest of the rural female workforce and/or their urban counterparts. First, an in-depth exploration of rural women is presented, focusing on the major barriers faced by women when entering rural labour market. Further explanations are also provided on the additional limitations among the rural poor workforce. Second, background information of employment in rural areas of Canada and, more specifically, aggregate evidence of particular differences in labour market behaviour are presented. Thus, we will have both theoretical and empirical work motivations for modelling rural-urban differences. Finally, through the use of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics individuals' and other socio-economic factors such as individual and household characteristics, job attitudes and place of residence are controlled for in order to model, at a micro/individual level, the labour market behaviour of women both in rural and urban areas. In particular, emphasis is placed on labour market participation, wages and hours of work supplied. Given the lack of previous economic studies in this field, this thesis represents a reasonable first step to the economic analysis of the impact of various socio-economic factors on any rural-urban differences.
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Wang, Xiaobing. "Labor market behavior of Chinese rural households during transition /." Halle (Saale) : IAMO, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0803/2008400549.html.

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Garnett, Anne Margaret, and n/a. "EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION ADJUSTMENT IN RURAL AUSTRALIA." University of Canberra. School of Business & Government, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20070802.130527.

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Rural regions in Australia have been, and continue to be, distinguished by very different population and labour market characteristics than those of more urbanised areas. Since the 1980s, rural regions have been exposed to a range of economic events and policies which has impacted on the structure and composition of the population and the labour force. These changes include trade liberalisation and globalisation, deregulation, declining numbers of agricultural establishments, advances in technology, increases in productivity and changes in the levels of public and private provision of goods and services. In addition, in recent years, serious shortages of labour, particularly skilled labour, has emerged as a major issue facing rural regions. However, there has been little economic research into rural labour markets relative to other labour markets, particularly since the 1980s. While there has been significant public discussion and political debate in recent years on the apparent changes experienced by rural regions, evidence regarding the nature, causes and impacts of these changes has often been anecdotal. For example, there is the popular notion of the �tree change� which refers to the idea that people are leaving metropolitan areas and moving to rural areas. Concurrently, there is also the significant discussion on the �rural downturn�, which refers to the belief that rural regions are declining in term of population and employment growth. Further, the agricultural sector has continued to be cited as the likely cause for downturns in rural population and employment growth rates in rural areas. However, again, there is a lack of economic research to substantiate these claims. The aim of this thesis is to redress the lack of economic research and to provide a comprehensive analysis of rural labour markets and population in Australia since the 1980s. Analysis focuses on the changing structure and composition of rural labour markets and the impact of population shifts on rural localities. Evidence is provided on the extent to which two decades of significant structural, technological and regulatory change have impacted on rural labour markets in Australia. This then provides a sound basis for the policy discussion in this thesis on population and labour market changes in rural Australia and the causes and implications of these changes.
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Books on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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Vali, Jamal, and World Employment Programme, eds. Structural adjustment and rural labour markets in Africa. New York, N.Y: St. Martin's Press, 1995.

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Jamal, Vali, ed. Structural Adjustment and Rural Labour Markets in Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23820-0.

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Bæck, Unn-Doris Karlsen, and Gry Paulgaard. Rural futures?: Finding one's place within changing labour markets. Stamsund: Orkana Akademisk, 2012.

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Fields, Gary S. Rural labour markets and the economic development of Sri Lanka. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1988.

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Osmani, Siddiqur Rahman. Wage determination in rural labour markets: The theory of implicit co-operation. Helsinki: World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1988.

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Appendini, Kirsten A. de. Re-visiting women wage-workers in Mexico's agro-industry: Changes in rural labour markets. Copenhagen, Denmark: Center for Development Research, 1995.

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Pal, Sarmistha. Casual and regular contracts: Workers' self-selection in the rural labour markets in India. Aberystwyth: University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dept. of Economics, 1995.

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Appendini, Kirsten A. Re-visiting women wage-workers in Mexico's agro-industry: Changes in rural labour markets. Copenhagen, Denmark: Center for Development Research, 1995.

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An integrated view of rural and urban labour markets in the process of economic growth and welfare. Delhi: Institute of Economic Growth, 1988.

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Ferguson, James. The Australian rural labour market. Barton, A.C.T: National Farmers' Federation, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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Thomas, Jayan Jose, and B. Satheesha. "Agriculture and rural labour markets in India." In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Reform Indian Economy, 15–34. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367855741-3.

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Weeks, John. "Adjustment, Rural Labour and Inequality: Sierra Leone." In Structural Adjustment and Rural Labour Markets in Africa, 38–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23820-0_2.

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Heffner, Krystian. "Rural Labour Markets and Peripherization Processes in Poland." In Rural Areas Between Regional Needs and Global Challenges, 53–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04393-3_4.

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Loxley, John. "Rural Labour Markets in an Adjusting Mineral Economy: Zambia." In Structural Adjustment and Rural Labour Markets in Africa, 131–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23820-0_4.

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Narasimha Reddy, D., A. Amarender Reddy, Madhusudan Bhattarai, N. Nagaraj, and Cynthia Bantilan. "MGNREGS Implementations and the Dynamics of Rural Labour Markets." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 71–101. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6262-9_3.

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Jamal, Vali. "Adjustment Programmes and Adjustment: Confronting the New Parameters of African Economies." In Structural Adjustment and Rural Labour Markets in Africa, 1–37. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23820-0_1.

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Bienefeld, Manfred. "Structural Adjustment and Tanzania’s Peasantry: Assessing the Likely Long-Term Impact." In Structural Adjustment and Rural Labour Markets in Africa, 88–130. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23820-0_3.

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Jazairy, Idriss, Mohiuddin Alamgir, and Theresa Panuccio. "6. Access of the rural poor to resources: labour and capital markets." In The State of World Rural Poverty, 160–212. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446035.006.

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Langthaler, Ernst. "Regional agrosystems, labour markets and the Nazi state. The German province of Niederdonau, 1938-1945." In Agrosystems and Labour Relations in European Rural Societies, 155–77. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.rurhe-eb.3.2757.

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Schumacher, Kim Philip, and Alexander Kunz. "Gendered Rural Labour Markets and Intent to Migrate — A Case Study in Northwestern Germany." In Women and Migration in Rural Europe, 109–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-48304-1_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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DUDEK, Michał, and Bożena KARWAT-WOŹNIAK. "BARRIERS AND CHALLENGES IN INCREASING RURAL EMPLOYMENT: LABOUR RESOURCES AND SELECTED POLICY INSTRUMENTS. THE CASE OF EU COHESION POLICY AND COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY INTERVENTIONS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.155.

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An important feature of many rural markets is the over-supply of labour. An insufficient number of jobs in rural areas is usually associated with the shortage of capital, companies, consumers and skilled workers, i.e. limited impact of the agglomeration effect. Additionally, in regions with structural changes in agriculture, the phenomenon of increased or hidden unemployment is visible. One of the important objectives of labour market policy in Poland was a promotion of employment, especially in peripheral, poor and agricultural territories. Along with the accession of Poland to the EU, both agricultural and cohesion policy instruments supported by the structural funds have also been aimed at resolving the problems of rural labour markets. They concerned mainly the diversification of agricultural activities, support of entrepreneurship, as well as development of knowledge and skills. The paper considers the barriers and challenges in increasing employment in rural Poland. In particular, the changes on local rural labour markets and the influence of relevant policy tools thereon have been studied. The study is based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the public statistics and information on the implementation of selected EU CAP and Cohesion Policy instruments in Poland from the period 2007-2014 and the literature of the subject. The study showed that, despite the favourable economic situation and the effects of projects aimed at creating and maintaining non-agricultural jobs in rural areas supported by the EU founds, the rural employment rate and the number of people employed in agriculture did not increase significantly. In this context, the paper provides the explanation of limited improvements in terms of rural employment and policy offers recommendations in this area.
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Lyubenov, Lyubomir, Atanas Atanasov, and Ivaylo Hristakov. "Profitableness and perspective of the apiculture in North-eastern Bulgaria." In Research for Rural Development 2021 : annual 27th International scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.27.2021.024.

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The trends in the change of the profitability of Bulgarian beekeeping starting from the country’s accession to the European Union (EU) in 2007 to the present 2020, are being studied, depending on the changes in the market price of honey and its prime cost. The survey was conducted among selected apiaries in North-eastern Bulgaria. It has been found that they achieve a small net profit when selling conventional honey in the organizational markets – EUR 3.78 kg-1. The realization of organic honey as a raw material in the organizational markets is not profitable for them. The apiaries have a net profit of EUR 7.98 kg-1 for conventional and EUR 7.91 kg-1 for organic honey, with distribution to a consumer market sale. The apiaries in Ruse district achieve 10.26% profitability of turnover in sales on conventional consumer markets, 8.83% in organic consumer markets and 8.2% in organizational conventional markets. Improving their profitability requires: 1) marketing strategies, through regional and cross-sectoral integration; 2) the production of royal jelly, pollen and propolis with high added value; 3) introduction of new technologies, increase in labour productivity, and 4) state subsidies to a hive for ecosystem pollination service.
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Joma, Laura, and Simona Zvirgzdina. "Labour market trends in Latvia." In 20th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2019". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2019.007.

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Hendricks, Winston, and Babawande Olawale. "Bridging the Gender-Based Digital Divide: Empowerment of Women Through ICT." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.9136.

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This paper explores how digital transformation can bridge the gender-based digital divide and empower women for civic engagement in a digital world. This is because, in recent times, women in developing countries such as South Africa have been marginalized due to the patriarchal sentiment prevalent in society. While gender equality is not only a universal human right, recognizing the importance of gender equality in ensuring the advancement of society will go a long way to reducing the existing gender gaps in digital inclusion. While it has been argued that digital transformation perpetuates gender-related inequality, empowering women has the potential to generate a new source of global economic growth that is more inclusive. In addition, the incorporation of computer-based technologies into an organization's products, processes, and strategies, often referred to as 'digital transformation' is capable of providing an avenue for more equal women participation in labour markets and entrepreneurship. However, despite the advantages of digital transformation for women’s empowerment, women’s marginalisation in digital technologies continues to be evident in South Africa and its education system. The present study, therefore, investigates how digital transformation can bridge the gender-based digital divide and empower women for civic engagement in a digital world by promoting gender equality in the digital communities. Underpinned by an Interpretivist paradigm, the study employs a qualitative research approach and a case study design. Thus, to investigate how digital transformation can bridge the gender-based digital divide and empower women for civic engagement in a digital world, data for the study was collected through interviews from ten female university students in a rural university in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The findings from the study revealed that while there are several opportunities that the digital technologies present in the quest for women empowerment, the lack of skills and expertise, literacy gaps, traditional and social norms, and a lack of confidence in experimenting with technology, among many others are the key factors that widen the digital gender gap. Based on the findings, recommendations were made that universities and higher education institutions partners should promote women's empowerment by supporting women's meaningful and equal participation in decision making where digital technologies are concerned.
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Perkune, Linda, and Lasma Licite. "Labour market expectations of generation Y." In 20th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2019". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2019.112.

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JOTAUTAITĖ, Agnė, and Eglė JOTAUTIENĖ. "EVALUATION OF EXPORT DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES FROM TURKEY TO LITHUANIA." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.109.

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In this paper, export opportunities of textile products from Turkey to Lithuania are analyzed. The main goal of this article is to present an analysis of the opportunities to import textile products from Turkey to Lithuania. The empirical research basing on the statistical database analysis was used. The analysis of Turkey’s markets was showed that the economy is strongly dependent on exports of various products from Turkey and it is about one forth of Turkey’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The bulk of exports from Turkey is t o countries in the European Union. Turkey is one of the world’s largest manufacturers and exporters of textiles. The analysis of Lithuanian markets was indicated that Lithuania has a feasible market for imports due to its fast growing GDP, increasing labor wages and modernization of agriculture industry. Furthermore, advantageous and adequate policies of Lithuania’s foreign trade should encourage the development of imports to this country. The demand for textile products in Lithuania is growing rapidly and it is one of the most important sectors in fostering its economy
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KOPEIKA, Evija. "MATHEMATICS AS POTENTIAL FOR THE PERSON'S RESILIENCE." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.140.

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Scientific literature offers extensive examples of the role of mathematics education in the development of personality and intelligence as well as its application in everyday life and professional activities. Furthermore, the attitude towards the role of mathematical knowledge in the labour market is widely discussed in the society. In order to reflect the views of respondents on the issues of mathematics education and the potential values of mathematics, the survey was carried out. The research data was analysed considering the respondents` education speciality, gender, age and mathematics learning experience. Study results show that mathematics is widely used in everyday life as well as in professional activities, and gives advantage in the labour market. It is difficult to learn mathematics but it is highly worthy. Thus the subject of mathematics is becoming a crucial instrument for promoting an all-round education and personal development. Therefore, many higher education courses have to be mathematics-intensive, and students need to have a high level of competence in the subject to promote person’s resilience.
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Bickovska, Anna. "Reasons that Stops Long-Term Unemployed Social Benefits Receivers from Returning into Labour Market." In Rural environment. Education. Personality. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2018.041.

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Lyibenov, Lyubomir, Aneliya Lyubenova, and Ivaylo Hristakov. "FACTOR MARKETS IN BULGARIAN BEEKEEPING." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.163.

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The aim is to determine the size and development trends of land and labor markets in the national beekeeping. The study is focused only on them, as the size and trends of national financial markets in beekeeping are defined in another study by the authors. The urgency of the problem stems from the important role of factor markets in achieving sustainable development of beekeeping and other sectors dependent on it, given the pollination activity of bees. The study finds that the land markets in the beekeeping sector are over 0.5 BGN million/year, and the labor markets are over 77.2 BGN million/year, i.e. form joint factor markets in the Bulgarian beekeeping for over 77.7 BGN million/year. Their development trends are positive and derived from those in the beekeeping sector and other related markets - financial and others.
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Herman, Murdiansyah, Sunardi Sunardi, and Imam Sumantri. "Climate Change, Labor Market and Rural Worker Mobility." In Proceedings of the 1st Hasanuddin International Conference on Social and Political Sciences, HICOSPOS 2019, 21-22 October 2019, Makassar, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-10-2019.2291544.

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Reports on the topic "Rural labour markets"

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Alemu, Dawit, and Abebaw Assaye. Hired Labour Use, Productivity, and Commercialisation: The Case of Rice in Fogera Plain of Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.005.

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With the expansion of rice production in Ethiopia’s Fogera Plain, the rural labour market, highly characterised by the casual unskilled labour supply, has flourished. This is mainly associated with the nature of rice production, where certain agronomic practices demand a significant investment of time and thus family labour may not be sufficient. This has created an opportunity for rice farmers to hire labour when they need for extra help, and also for unskilled labourers to gain casual employment. This paper explores the characteristics of rural labour markets, trends in hired labour use and the impact of hired labour on smallholder farmers’ rice productivity and commercialisation using data collected from 723 randomly selected smallholder rice farmers in the Fogera Plain.
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Bakhtiar, M. Mehrab, Abu Sonchoy, Muhammad Meki, and Simon Quinn. Virtual Migration through Online Freelancing: Evidence from Bangladesh. Digital Pathways at Oxford, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2021/03.

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Youth unemployment is a major issue in many developing countries, particularly in locations not well connected with large urban markets. A limited number of available job opportunities in urban centres may reduce the benefit of policies that encourage rural–urban migration. In this project, we investigated the feasibility of ‘virtual migration’, by training rural youth in Bangladesh to become online freelancers, enabling them to export their labour services to a global online marketplace. We did this by setting up a ‘freelancing incubator’, which provided the necessary workspace and infrastructure – specifically, high-speed internet connectivity and computers. Close mentoring was also provided to participants to assist in navigating the competitive online marketplace. We show the exciting potential of online work for improving the incomes of poor youth in developing countries. We also highlight the constraints to this type of work: financing constraints for the high training cost, access to the necessary work infrastructure, and soft skills requirements to succeed in the market. We also shed light on some promising possibilities for innovative financial contracts and for ‘freelancing incubators’ or ‘virtual exporting companies’ to assist students in their sourcing of work and skills development.
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Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane, Guush Berhane, Bart Minten, and Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse. Nonfarm income and rural labor markets. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896296916_11.

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Akram, Agha Ali, Shyamal Chowdhury, and Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak. Effects of Emigration on Rural Labor Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23929.

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Fink, Günther, B. Kelsey Jack, and Felix Masiye. Seasonal Liquidity, Rural Labor Markets and Agricultural Production. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24564.

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Guiteras, Raymond, and B. Kelsey Jack. Incentives, Selection and Productivity in Labor Markets: Evidence from Rural Malawi. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19825.

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Castel-Branco, Ruth Kélia. The machamba is for life: navigating a precarious labour market in rural Mozambique. Parktown, Johannesburg: Southern Centre for Inequality Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54223/uniwitwatersrand-10539-33628.

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Sumberg, James. Youth and Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa: Time to Reset Policy. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.038.

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Agriculture is widely promoted as the only economic sector capable of providing employment to the millions of rural Africans entering the labour market in the coming decades. Two competing visions vie for attention. The first is of innovative, entrepreneurial youth driving rural transformation; the second is of agriculture providing young people with little more than survival opportunities. Between these two visions are the young people themselves, actively building their livelihoods, which most often include some engagement with agriculture. Policy interventions need to better consider how young people engage with the rural economy and how they imagine their futures.
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Busso, Matías, Juan Pablo Chauvin, and Nicolás Herrera L. Rural-Urban Migration at High Urbanization Levels. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002904.

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This study assesses the empirical relevance of the Harris-Todaro model at high levels of urbanization a feature that characterizes an increasing number of developing countries, which were largely rural when the model was created 50 years ago. Using data from Brazil, the paper compares observed and model-based predictions of the equilibrium urban employment rate of 449 cities and the rural regions that are the historic sources of their migrant populations. Little support is found in the data for the most basic version of the model. However, extensions that incorporate labor informality and housing markets have much better empirical traction. Harris-Todaro equilibrium relationships are relatively stronger among workers with primary but no high school education, and those relationships are more frequently found under certain conditions: when cities are relatively larger; and when associated rural areas are closer to the magnet city and populated to a greater degree by young adults, who are most likely to migrate.
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Loukos, Panos, and Leslie Arathoon. Landscaping the Agritech Ecosystem for Smallholder Farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Alejandro Escobar and Sergio Navajas. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003027.

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Agriculture is an important source of employment in Latin America and the Caribbean. In rural areas, some 54.6 per cent of the labour force is engaged in agricultural production. Although much of the region shares the same language and cultural heritage, the structure and scale of the agriculture sector varies significantly from country to country. Based on the review of 131 digital agriculture tools, this report, prepared by GSMA and IDB Lab, provides a market mapping and landscape analysis of the most prominent cases of digital disruption. It highlights some of the major trends observed in five digital agriculture use cases, identifies opportunities for digital interventions and concludes with recommendations for future engagement that could deliver long-term, sustainable economic and social benefits for smallholder farmers.
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