Academic literature on the topic 'Rural health services Papua New Guinea'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rural health services Papua New Guinea"
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Thomason, Jane, Navy Mulou, and Caroline Bass. "User charges for rural health services in Papua New Guinea." Social Science & Medicine 39, no. 8 (October 1994): 1105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)90382-4.
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Beracochea, Elvira, Rumona Dickson, Paul Freeman, and Jane Thomason. "Case Management Quality Assessment in Rural Areas of Papua New Guinea." Tropical Doctor 25, no. 2 (April 1995): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559502500207.
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A study was carried out to assess the quality of case management of malaria, malnutrition, diarrhoea and acute respiratory tract infections in children in rural primary health services in Papua New Guinea. In particular, the study focused on the knowledge and skills of different categories of rural health workers (HW) in history taking, examination, diagnosis, treatment and patient education. Quality criteria were defined and health centre (HCW) and aidpost workers' (APWs) knowledge and practices were assessed. Primary health workers' (PHW) knowledge of case management was weak, but in all cases better than their actual practice. History taking and examination practices were rudimentary. HWs tended not to make or record diagnoses. Treatment knowledge was often incorrect, with inappropriate or insufficient drugs prescribed, being worst at aidpost level. These findings raise serious questions about the effectiveness of providing health services through small, isolated health units. Far greater attention must now be directed to focus on the institutionalization of problem-based training, continuous supportive supervision and maintenance of clinical skills and provision of essential drugs, supplies and equipment to ensure that rural health workers (RHW) can provide sound care.
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Thomason, Jane A. "Disbursement, decentralization and development: Lessons from the first rural health services project in Papua New Guinea." Public Administration and Development 8, no. 4 (October 1988): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230080403.
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Karel, Harumi Sasaki. "Knowledge and Use of Maternal and Child Health Services by Mothers in Papua New Guinea." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 7, no. 3 (July 1994): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053959400700308.
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A survey was conducted in the coastal area of Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea between March to April 1992 in order to obtain and examine the current health knowledge and practices of mothers with children under two years of age. The purpose of the survey was to gather data for the detailed planning and implementation of a Child Survival Intervention Project funded by USAID. A total of 30 villages in the area were selected utilizing the WHO 30-cluster sampling technique. The results indicated that breastfeeding was a very common practice. However, because nutritional intake was not increased during pregnancy and lactation for many of the women, it is likely that their nutritional intake was insufficient. Although many mothers knew the importance of immunization, they were unclear about the importance of completing immunization series. The utilization of contraceptive methods was very low among women who did not want to have another child within the subsequent two years. The most common methods were injections and pills. The dissemination of health education to isolated rural villages is one of the most important interventions in reducing maternal and infant mortality. As there currently is no health education unit at the Morobe Provincial Department of Health. It is crucial to establish the unit and to emphasize the importance of health education as the tool for disease prevention and health promotion. Asia Pac J Public Health1994;7(3):191-3.
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Jusi, Petri, Roy Mumu, Sirpa H. Jarvenpaa, Barnabas Neausemale, and Eduardo Sangrador. "Road Asset Management System Implementation in Pacific Region: Papua New Guinea." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-41.
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The road network of Papua New Guinea includes 8,258 km of national classified roads and another 19,937 km of lesser-trafficked but equally important provincial roads. The value of the national road network is more than 5 billion Kina (US$1 billion). Maintaining this significant asset places a great responsibility on the government and the Department of Works (DOW). Sadly, insufficient attention has been given to maintaining the road network. There is no doubt that poorly maintained roads have a significant adverse effect on national economic growth, with an adverse effect on gross domestic product. In a developing country such as Papua New Guinea, there is always a need to provide a basic level of access to all areas of the country to be able to provide basic services for all the population (access to markets, administrative, health, education). A poorly maintained road network limits access and deprives rural populations of basic services. Therefore, DOW, with funds and guidance provided by the Asian Development Bank, has, with the assistance of a Finnroad consultant, developed a road asset management system (RAMS). RAMS is a tool for storing and presenting road data information, planning short-and long-term road maintenance, creating budgets, and maximizing economic returns of investments made for the road network. The government of Papua New Guinea has also established requirements for institutional reform and strengthening under its public sector reform program. Furthermore, responding to community and other stakeholder pressure, the government has committed itself to launching a road sector reform program.
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Heywood, Peter F., and Robin L. Hide. "Nutritional Effects of Export-Crop Production in Papua New Guinea: A Review of the Evidence." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 15, no. 3 (September 1994): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659401500305.
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The effects of cash cropping on nutrition in Papua New Guinea are reviewed. The interpretation of the available evidence is complicated by the introduction of cash cropping simultaneously with services such as health and education of the rural population. However, there is indication that the growth of children improved over the period in which cash cropping increased, particularly in the highlands, where, as a result of the later introduction of cash crops, more baseline data are available. There is no reason to believe that the same effect did not occur in the lowlands, where the infant mortality rate fell progressively over the same period. There is also evidence of an increase in the height and weight of adults, as well as an increase in the prevalence of degenerative diseases. Programmes need to be developed that retain the important benefits of child health and at the same time arrest the increasing prevalence of degenerative diseases in adults.
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Hou, Xiaohui, M. Mahmud Khan, Justin Pulford, and Olga P. M. Saweri. "Readiness of health facilities to provide emergency obstetric care in Papua New Guinea: evidence from a cross-sectional survey." BMJ Open 12, no. 2 (February 2022): e050150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050150.
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ObjectiveTo measure the readiness of health facilities in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to provide obstetric care and other maternal health services.DesignCross-sectional study involving random sample of health centres, district/rural hospitals (levels 3 and 4 facilities) and all upper-level hospitals operational at the time of survey. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from health facilities.SettingHealth facilities in PNG. Facility administrators and other facility personnel were interviewed. Number of facility personnel interviewed was usually one for health centres and two or more for hospitals.Participants19 upper-level facilities (levels 5–7, provincial, regional and national hospitals) and 60 lower-level facilities (levels 3 and 4, health centres and district/rural hospitals).Outcome measuresFour service-types were used to understand readiness of surveyed health facilities in the provision of maternity care including obstetric care services: (1) facility readiness to provide clinical services; (2) availability of family planning items; (3) availability of maternal and neonatal equipment and materials; and (4) ability to provide emergency obstetric care (EmOC).Results56% of lower-level facilities were not able to provide basic emergency obstetric care (BEmOC). Even among higher-level facilities, 16% were not able to perform one or more of the functions required to be considered a BEmOC provider. 11% of level 3 and 4 health facilities were able to provide comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC) as compared with 83% of higher-level facilities.ConclusionGiven the high fertility rate and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in PNG, lack of BEmOC at the first level inpatient service providers is a major concern. To improve access to EmOC, level 3 and 4 facilities should be upgraded to at least BEmOC providers. Significant reduction in MMR will require improved access to CEmOC and optimal geographic location approach can identify facilities to be upgraded.
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Schuele, Elisabeth, and Colin MacDougall. "The missing bit in the middle: Implementation of the Nationals Health Services Standards for Papua New Guinea." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 24, 2022): e0266931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266931.
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Objective This case study examined implementation of the National Health Services Standards (NHSSs) as a continuous quality improvement (CQI) process at three church-based health facilities in Papua New Guinea. This process was designed to improve quality of care and accredit the level three health centers to level four as district hospitals to provide a higher level of care. The aims of the paper are to critically examine driving and restraining forces in CQI implementation and analyses how power influences agenda setting for change. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine managers and eight health workers as well as three focus group discussions with health workers from three rural church-based health facilities in Morobe and Madang provinces. They included senior, mid-level and frontline managers and medical doctors, health extension officers, nursing officers and community health workers. Thematic analysis was used as an inductive and deductive process in which applied force field analysis, leadership-member exchange (LMX) theory and agenda setting was applied. Results Qualitative analysis showed how internal and external factors created urgency for change. The CQI process was designed as a collective process. Power relations operated at and between various levels: the facilities, which supported or undermined the change process; between management whereby the national management supported the quality improvement agenda, but the regional management exercised positional power in form of inaction. Theoretical analysis identified the ‘missing bit in the middle’ shaped by policy actors who exercise power over policy formulation and constrained financial and technical resources. Analysis revealed how to reduce restraining forces and build on driving forces to establish a new equilibrium. Conclusion Multiple theories contributed to the analysis showing how to resolve problematic power relations by building high-quality, effective communication of senior leadership with mid-level management and reactivated broad collaborative processes at the health facilities. Addressing the ‘missing bit in the middle’ by agenda setting can improve implementation of the NHSSs as a quality improvement process. The paper concludes with learning for policy makers, managers and health workers by highlighting to pay close attention to institutional power dynamics and practices.
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McKenzie, Maviso. "Experiences of men’s involvement in antenatal education services in the rural Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea: a descriptive qualitative study." Pacific Journal Reproductive Health 1, no. 7 (August 20, 2018): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.18313/pjrh.2018.901.
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Background: Appropriate antenatal education services that increase men’s involvement in pregnancy and childbirth is crucial for improving maternal and child health outcomes. However, in Papua New Guinea (PNG), men’s involvement in antenatal education services remains inadequate. This study aimed to describe experiences of men’s involvement in antenatal education services and identify factors that facilitate or restrict their involvement.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among 17 men who have attended antenatal care (ANC) and involved in antenatal education sessions with their wives. Semi-structured and face-to-face interviews were employed to obtain detailed descriptions of men’s experiences and their perception of antenatal health education services, including factors that influenced their involvement. Data is generated from interviews. The findings are informed by the thematic analysis.
Results: Three key themes that emerged were: (1) perception of ANC as women’s domain, (2) knowledge of antenatal education services, and (3) accessing of antenatal education services. Factors influencing men’s involvement were: strict gender roles, being responsible for pregnancy and spousal communication. Lack of knowledge, dissatisfaction with antenatal services, and lack of capacity to involve men were other reasons further observed.
Conclusion: This study found negative perceptions; poor maternal knowledge and socio-cultural norms, inadequate information dissemination and poor men-friendly services influenced men’s involvement. Suggestions to strengthen men’s involvement require gender-inclusive and culturally appropriate antenatal education programs.
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Warner, Jeffrey, and Catherine Rush. "Tropical fever in remote tropics: tuberculosis or melioidosis, it depends on the lab." Microbiology Australia 42, no. 4 (2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma21049.
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Diagnostics tests used to identify the cause of infection using proteomics and genomics have revolutionised microbiology laboratories in recent times. However, approaches to build the capacity of clinical microbiology services in the rural tropics by simply transplanting these approaches have proven difficult to sustain. Tropical fever in the remote tropics is, by definition, a clinical diagnosis where the aetiology of fever is not known, treatment is empirical, guided by clinical suspicion with treatment failure often attributed to incorrect diagnosis or antimicrobial resistance. Tuberculosis (TB) in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) is mostly diagnosed clinically, perhaps supported by microscopy. In fact, a ‘tuberculosis patient’ in rural PNG is included in the TB register upon commencement of TB treatment with or without any laboratory-based evidence of infection. The roll-out of GeneXpert is continuing to transform TB diagnostic certainty in TB endemic communities. Melioidosis is endemic in tropical regions and is increasingly reported to mimic TB. Isolation and identification of the causative agent Burkholderia pseudomallei remains the gold standard. Here, we discuss the increasing divide between rural and urban approaches to laboratory-based infection diagnosis using these two enigmatic tropical infectious diseases, in rural PNG, as examples.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural health services Papua New Guinea"
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Spencer, Dora Margaret. "The Early development of the Health Services of Papua New Guinea, 1870-1939 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 1998. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20021209.145943/.
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Farmer, John William. "Developing eye care and an analysis of eye conditions in Papua New Guinea." Connect to thesis, 2007. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1730.
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Accessible and affordable eye care is only a dream for much of the population of developing countries. Strategies for improving the visual welfare of these people need to be appropriate to the local situation. In 1992 a proposal was devised to address the lack of eye care in Papua New Guinea. This thesis examines the outcome of this proposal and reports on the ophthalmic data collected by these trained eye nurses.Method: In 1994, 11 National nurses were trained in a 3 month intensive course to become ‘eye nurses’. A basic set of equipment was provided to each eye nurse. Appropriate follow-up and annual conferences supported this initial training. A second group of 14 eye nurses were trained in 1997. Monthly eye clinic reports from the eye nurses provide significant data on eye conditions and visual welfare in PNGResults: After 6 years 80% of the eye nurses were still actively working in eye care. An analysis was made of the eye conditions of the 30,000 patients examined by the eye nurses over this 6 year period. The data is generally consistent with previous ophthalmic data from Papua New Guinea. The eye nurses were able to provide appropriate eye care for 80% of the presenting patients without Optometric or Ophthalmic assistance.Conclusions: Training nurses to become ‘eye nurses’ functioning as basic optometrists is an effective strategy in improving eye care in developing countries. The eye nurses were able to deliver sustainable, accessible, affordable and appropriate eye care, independently treating and managing the most common eye conditions in Papua New Guinea.
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Butt, Leslie. "The social and political life of infants among the Baliem Valley Dani, Irian Jaya /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34921.
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Among the Baliem valley Dani of the central highlands of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, infants play a prominent role in social relations. Infant mortality rates among the Dani are above two hundred and fifty deaths per thousand live births and birth rates are low. To these patterns of infant survival and growth the Dani consistently ascribe complex meaning. Drawing from anthropological research conducted in 1994--1995 in the Baliem valley, this dissertation demonstrates that indigenous meanings about the infant body and assessments of infant health link the infant to political relations within polygynous families, to antagonistic gender relations, and to affiliations with powerful ancestor spirits. Gender relations play a prominent role in explanations about infants. When an infant dies, parents explain the death in ways that reflect the lower social status of women in relation to men. A study of sex ratios during the first year of life and biased use of health services by gender of the infant suggest that the Dani may generate and validate cultural patterns of gender inequality during the earliest months of life.Infants also play an important role in national politics. In Indonesia's attempts to assimilate indigenous peoples into the country's economic development agenda, the infant appears in health promotions as a member of a contrived ideal family. These national cultural models, grounded in a concern with population control, translate into an applied health agenda for infants that has little impact on the mortality rates of the very young in Dani society.
The infant, though mute, is a powerful figure at the center of many social and political relations. The richness of meaning attributed to infants in the Baliem valley suggests that further research is needed to correct lacunae in anthropological theory about one of life's key social figures.
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Spohn, Sabine. "Embedding microfinance: sustainable delivery of microfinance services in rural areas of Papua New Guinea." 2010. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/8536.
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After a series of transitional phases, the microfinance industry has recognised that microfinance should comprise a variety of financial services, not only credit. In their endeavour to provide services to low-income populations, microfinance practitioners have therefore delivered services through a variety of institutional forms and delivery methods. While the outreach has been promising, the provision of services on a cost covering basis has lagged. Practitioners have attributed the difference in performance to differing country contexts (in particular urban, highly populated versus rural, less populated areas) and institutional capacity.The goal of this thesis is, therefore, to identify factors which potentially affect the performance of microfinance institutions but have so far not found due consideration. With the increasing trend towards commercialization the microfinance industry, like commercial banking, relies more on economic, capitalist principles in cash based economies. These principles and the use and need for cash based services are assumed to be universally accepted and existing. I attempt to identify issues, in particular characteristics of societies, which contradict this notion and thus might impact on the performance of microfinance institutions. I examine these in Bogia District of Madang Province, a rural area of Papua New Guinea (PNG). In addition, I study a potential role model for a microfinance institution that might be able to integrate these local specificities beneficially into its service delivery.
This thesis makes this argument in theoretical terms in Chapters Two and Three, which comprise a review of factors affecting the performance of microfinance institutions, in particular focusing on factors so far not deeply researched. The review establishes that some issues are more considered as influencing performance than others. In particular the potential clients' understanding of economic principles and their familiarity with the functions and use of money in partly established cash economies find little consideration in the microfinance research literature.
Chapter Four provides background details to PNG and Chapter Five details the research methods as well as the field site. Chapters Six and Seven analyse the key findings of the field research, in particular: i) the local socio-economic and socio-cultural characteristics and their potential impact on the performance of microfinance institutions and ii) an application of these findings to examine whether a co-operative could serve as a role model for the successful service delivery in rural areas of PNG.
Through the field research it could be documented that these issues are crucial to identify for any microfinance institution since familiarity with financial services and functions of money and understandings of contractual obligations of villagers in rural areas, in particular for credit services, may vastly differ from the institutions’ perception. Through their remoteness villagers are also used to interact informally within their clan and kinship groups. Therefore, a co-operative set-up will be a suitable option for delivering microfinance services in rural areas of PNG since it is a familiar and accepted form and can incorporate local specificities into its service delivery and thereby contribute to the economic development of its members.
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Davy, Carol. "Primary health care: knowledge development and application in Papua New Guinea." 2009. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/unisa:38312.
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Research into the use of information by health care professionals has generally been conducted in countries dominated by the biomedical model. In these contexts, illness is considered to have a scientifically identifiable physical cause, and treatment practices within the formal health care sector are prescribed and managed in accordance with this definition. Yet there are also contexts where other belief systems inform and guide the way that people think about their health. In comparison to the biomedical model, these contexts have contributed very little to our understanding of how health professionals develop their knowledge. This research investigates how primary health care workers (PHCWs) in one such context, Papua New Guinea (PNG), develop their knowledge about the health services they provide. In order to discover and understand the differing views of these PHCWs, 69 semi-structured interviews were conducted in three culturally and geographically diverse regions of PNG. In explaining the diagnostic and treatment practices they use, these participants provided insights into not only how PHCWs engage with information but also how it informs their professional practice. These data were analysed, interpreted and discussed using a framework consisting of four, primary but interconnecting aspects: the context in which information was provided, the interactions with the sources of information, the processes by which information was understood, and the outcomes realized as a result of the information being used. Findings indicated that the majority of participants in this study acknowledged, if not incorporated, information pertaining to biomedicine, Christianity and Indigenous belief systems into their diagnostic and treatment practices. Even when these belief systems clearly contradicted each other, PHCWs did not in general feel the need to make a conscious choice between them. From their comments it would appear that four factors contributed to this ability to incorporate diverse and often conflicting ideas into the way that patients were cared for. First, all of the belief systems were considered legitimate by at least one group of people connected to the community in which the PHCW worked. Second, although varying in degrees of availability and accessibility, members of these groups were able to disseminate information pertaining to the belief system they supported. Third, the PHCW had no particular affiliation with any one of these groups but instead regularly interacted with a range of different people. Lastly, the PHCW worked in situations where health practices were not generally well supervised by their employers and therefore they were relatively free to choose between various diagnostic and treatment practices. The qualitative interpretive approach adopted in this thesis contributes to the field of human information behavior by affirming that conflict is in the eye of the beholder. When a number of belief systems coexist and all are considered legitimate, information about them is freely available, and the recipients actions are neither constrained by their own dogma, nor imposed upon by others, individuals may quite comfortably embrace diverse beliefs. These findings may also contribute to a better understanding of health management practices in developing countries by suggesting that health professionals are not merely personifications of a biomedical model. Instead, the study demonstrates that multiple belief systems can be combined by PHCWs, and that in turn this benefits the formal health care sector through increased treatment options that are both appropriate and effective in such circumstances.
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Joseph, Nina. "Improving maternal health using partcipatory action research with women living in rural Papua New Guinea." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/938528.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Papua New Guinea (PNG) has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the Pacific Region. My thesis is that safe birthing is a human right and this has been denied to many PNG women. My research question: What can be done to improve maternal health in PNG? is in line with Global Millennium Development Goal 5 and favoured as a community development research approach which allowed me to research alongside fourteen women. Participatory action research (PAR) as articulated by Koch and Kralik was conducted in two phases. Phase One was an apprenticeship in PAR process conducted in Newcastle under the guidance of the PhD supervisors. Storytelling and facilitating group processes were data generation and analysis strategies learned. The objectives for Phase Two were: (1) to collaboratively explore maternal health, examine and describe factors and contexts that are associated with maternal mortality in Lomakunauru village, PNG; and (2) to build awareness about maternal mortality through the PAR process and alongside village women and collaboratively decide on action and /or reform strategies. Fourteen women told their stories about pregnancy and birthing: four English speaking PNG women living in Newcastle (Phase 1) and ten Lomakunauru village women speaking their own languages (Phase 2). The student researcher is indigenous to this area and speaks several local languages. Stories were transcribed verbatim and each story was returned to the women for their validation and ownership. Storied data were analysed and commonalities in village women‘s experiences were revealed. Women were voiceless in their birthing process. Rural populations are thinly spread and health services are located many kilometres away, often across open seas. Hence the distance a woman needed to travel to gain access to maternal care was one of the major problems recognised. Lack of support from husbands during birthing was common and not surprising in patriarchal communities. Women‘s preference for gender specific care was noted. Nurses assisting women during the intrapartum process were portrayed as perpetrators of negligence and/or abuse. Spiritual devotion and trust in God during birthing gave women strength. In this Seventh Day Adventist village abortion as a birth control measure was unacceptable. Village women were brought together to discuss ways to promote maternal health. Awareness was raised about the problems associated with maternal mortality. Resultant action was that women wanted to build an accessible Health Post in the centre of the village. The Health Post would be run by traditional birthing attendants (TBAs). Ten women in this PAR group volunteered to complete TBA educational preparation. This study shows what is possible when women are given a voice. Grass roots organizations led by women are likely to be sustainable in the promotion of maternal health. Educational preparation of TBAs is one of the recommendations given because professional registered midwives are not affordable in PNG context.
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Wiltshire, Colin. "Public Expenditure, Decentralisation and Service Delivery in Papua New Guinea: Tracking Budgets to Health Clinics." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/119220.
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Forty years post-independence, Papua New Guinea’s (PNG)
development aspirations remain unmet. Important social and human
development indicators have stagnated, as has the delivery of
basic public services, especially for PNG’s large rural
populace. Over the last decade, PNG has experienced strong
economic growth from an extended resource boom. Much of the
increased revenues generated have been invested into public
expenditure reforms aimed at improving service delivery through
decentralised governance arrangements.
This thesis questions whether the significantly increased public
expenditure commitments to service delivery have been translated
into improved health services on the ground. A mixed methods
approach was adopted that involved undertaking PNG’s largest
and most comprehensive health expenditure tracking and facility
survey, combined with in-depth case studies that mapped the
implementation of national budgets to front-line service
providers, and actual health delivery to communities.
This thesis makes a significant contribution to research on the
changing political economy of service delivery in PNG. It
delivers a policy relevant and empirically grounded analysis of
the state of health services and the politics that have driven
decentralisation reforms. New findings are presented on the
status of PNG’s health clinics, how they receive funding, raise
revenue and the services that are delivered. Comparative survey
data indicates that health service delivery has largely declined
over the last decade, despite huge increases in recurrent and
development health budgets. It is argued that the weak
implementation of previous and current decentralisation reforms
have contributed to widespread inefficiencies and inequalities in
the delivery of health services across PNG.
The implications of these findings are analysed in the context of
contemporary health expenditure reforms in PNG, which are
increasingly politicised and appear destined to repeat past
failures. This thesis finds that PNG’s major health policies
are poorly targeted, misaligned with strengthening the health
system, and do not address weaknesses in health financing. In
particular, PNG members of parliament have directed
ever-increasing constituency development funds to their
electorates and have enacted legislative reforms that deliver
greater control over the allocation of resources and service
delivery priorities for their respective districts. This
entrenches the de facto arrangements of the past, meaning that
local politics, rather than national policy guidelines,
increasingly determine how expenditure reforms are implemented on
the ground. These changing governance arrangements have
significant implications for the health sector, risking greater
fragmentation of an already weak health system. More broadly, the
research shows that the political context in which
decentralisation reforms are implemented has important
implications for service delivery.
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Kulumbu, Ellen. "Health Service Delivery in Papua New Guinea and Determinants Influencing Health Outcomes: The Case of Women and Health." Phd thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/165911.
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This study aims to uncover the determinants influencing health
outcomes and investigates health service delivery in Papua New
Guinea (PNG) within the context of women and their health.
Despite extensive research on health and health service delivery
in PNG over the past three decades, little or no improvement has
been made to attain better health outcomes. Various factors which
were found to contribute to PNG’s poor health outcomes, include
poor financial management and resource allocation, complex
institutional structures and challenges following government’s
reform policies, lack of capacity, rugged geographical conditions
and lack of essential infrastructure. These are mainly provider
side factors with experiences of health service users largely
understudied. My research adopts qualitative data collection
methods, including focus groups discussions, questionnaires,
in-depth interviews, observations, body-mapping exercises and
illness narratives to understand women and their health service
usage, and health workers providing health care. Fieldwork was
conducted in three geographically, linguistically, culturally and
religiously diverse locations in PNG. Over 100 people
participated, including health workers and women.
The subsequent data was analysed and showed that women were
prevented from using health services by factors existing on user
and provider side, such as financial constraints, unfriendly
health workers, and long waiting time at health facilities. Their
personal values encouraged them to seek health care, such as
consideration of familial responsibilities and trust in health
workers. Although determinants were similar across the three
locations, the degree of influence of the determinants varied in
the context of the geographical and socio-economic environments.
Medical pluralism exists in PNG with a large number of women
using natural therapies and home remedies in rural and urban
areas. Informal agencies were influential sources of their health
knowledge. Health was narrowly confined to biomedicine and
efforts to improve health outcomes handled solely by the health
sector. However, health outcomes are not the result of use of
biomedical health services alone but result of economic policies,
political systems, educational programmes, social and cultural
beliefs and practices regarding wellbeing. Thus, health outcomes
need not be confined to biomedical disciplines but be a
multidisciplinary and multisectoral responsibility, involving
formal and informal institutions impacting all determinants and
dimensions of people’s health.
Intersectoral collaboration between relevant disciplines, sectors
and agencies at various levels are suggested in recognition of
this. Many factors discussed in this study are likely to be
amenable to interventions that are beyond the scope of the health
domain. The PNG Department of Health has relatively little
influence over many issues affecting individuals providing and
using health services. While medical standards and training
health workers may be within its scope, improving rural roads to
increase access to health services often require assistance from
other sectors. Multidisciplinary and multisectoral approaches are
needed to address all determinants of health and improve health
outcomes. Preventive primary health care through community-based
approaches should be the focus. Appropriate methods that
adequately capture human phenomena be used in health research.
Any service delivery and development studies should include
providers and users of services.
Books on the topic "Rural health services Papua New Guinea"
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Papua New Guinea. National Parliament. Permanent Parliamentary Committee on Public Accounts. Parliamentary report on rural health services. Papua New Guinea]: Permanent Parliamentary Committee on Public Accounts, 2011.
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Papua New Guinea. Ministry of Health. Minimum standards for village health volunteers in Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea: Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Ministry of Health, 2003.
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Symposium of the Medical Society of Papua New Guinea (23rd 1987 Madang, Papua New Guinea). Rural health services in Papua New Guinea: Papers on rural health services presented at the Twenty-third Annual Symposium of the Medical Society of Papua New Guinea, held at Madang 4-5 September 1987. Boroko, N.C.D: Papua New Guinea Dept. of Health, 1987.
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Ayisi, Ruth Ansah. UNICEF in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: UNICEF, 2004.
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World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western Pacific. WHO country cooperation strategy: Papua New Guinea, 2010-2015. Manila, Philippines: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 2010.
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Pahun, Miriam. Strategic plan to sustain leprosy services following elimination in Papua New Guinea: 2006-2010. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: National Leprosy Elimination Program Unit, Disease Control Branch, National Dept. of Health, 2005.
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Rural health services in Papua New Guinea: Papers on rural health services presented at the Twenty-third Annual Symposium of the Medical Society of Papua ... at Madang 4-5 September 1987 (Monograph). Papua New Guinea Dept. of Health, 1987.
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E, Smith D., Alpers Michael P, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research., Eastern Highlands Province (Papua New Guinea). Division of Health., and Workshop on Village Water Supplies (1984 : Goroka, Papua New Guinea), eds. Village water supplies in Papua New Guinea. Goroka, Papua New Guinea: Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, 1985.
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Papua New Guinea Independent Monitoring Review Group (Health): Report. [Port Moresby?], Papua New Guinea: Independent Monitoring Review Group (Health)-IMRG, 2006.
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Cairns, Alan, Sophie Witter, and Xiaohui Hou. Exploring Factors Driving the Performance of Rural Health Care in Papua New Guinea. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/29875.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Rural health services Papua New Guinea"
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Pal, Sanu, and Sutanaya Pal. "Melanesian Mental Health and Psychiatric Services: Perspectives from Papua New Guinea." In International and Cultural Psychology, 147–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87763-7_10.
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Fitzpatrick, Jane. "Migrant Women." In Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration, 121–35. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4619-3.ch007.
Full textAbstract:
Women across the world migrate for a wide range of reasons. Some gravitate to towns and cities in their own countries seeking safety, education, health care, and employment opportunities. Others cross international boundaries, fleeing from the atrocities of war and extreme poverty. Migration within countries is also on the rise, as people move seeking resources, services, education, and employment opportunities. In addition, they may want to escape from violence or natural disasters. This movement of people from rural to urban areas has resulted in an explosive growth of cities around the globe. Women migrate to enhance their life experiences and that of their children and kinsfolk. This chapter draws on a research case study undertaken with the Kewapi language group in Port Moresby and the Batri Villages of the Southern Highlands in Papua New Guinea. It highlights the perspectives of women migrating from their home communities in order to seek education and health care. It explores the implications for developing user-focused health care systems designed to meet the needs of mobile and vulnerable women. The study suggests that if women and their families from remote rural communities participate in health promoting initiatives, they can dramatically improve their life and health experiences and that of their community.
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Zemel, B., C. Worthman, and C. Jenkins. "Differences in endocrine status associated with urban-rural patterns of growth and maturation in Bundi (Gende-speaking) adolescents of Papua New Guinea." In Urban Ecology and Health in the Third World, 38–60. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511600494.004.
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Flicker, Leon, and Ngaire Kerse. "Population ageing in Oceania." In Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, 55–62. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
The region of Oceania describes a collection of islands scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean between Asia and the Americas. The region is vast and largely covered by ocean. There are four subregions of this region including Australasia (Australia and New Zealand), Melanesia (Papua and New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia), Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia and Guam), and Polynesia (includes French Polynesia, Samoa, Tonga, Tokalau, and Niue). Australasia is relatively affluent and developed with an ageing population, whereas the other nations are of a developing nature with relatively younger populations but will face dramatic population ageing over the next 40 years. Australasia has well-developed services for older people. The Indigenous populations of Australasia have worse health outcomes than the non-Indigenous populations. However, outside Australasia there is an urgent need to develop health and community services for older people in the remainder of the region.