Relevant bibliographies by topics / RURAL DRINKING WATER

Academic literature on the topic 'RURAL DRINKING WATER'

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Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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Liu, Zhen Hua. "Status and Prospects of Rural Drinking Water in China." Advanced Materials Research 281 (July 2011): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.281.263.

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Safe drinking water in rural areas in china was worried about, and was very urgent.Table 2 shows that more than 320 million people living in rural areas drank unhealthy water in 2004, there were 90.84 million rural residents in 2004 drinking contaminated water in china. Contaminated water became the main reason of unsafe drinking water in rural areas,coming from industrial pollution and agricultural pollution. At the same time, emergency exacerbating crisis of rural drinking water, especially rising incidents of industrial pollution. china plans to provide safe drinking water for rural residents in rural areas, through financial investment and policy support, and improves rural safe drinking water system.
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Liu, Zhen Hua. "Discussion on Legislation of Rural Safe Drinking Water in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 556–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.556.

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There is a serious problem of rural unsafe drinking water in china,but only it is essential for legislation to solve comprehensively.Through the analysis of the legislative background, legislative basis and legislative framework system of rural safe drinking water,the paper explores some legislative issues.Water source contaminated by industrial pollutants, agricultural pollutants, domestic pollutants, is the biggest obstacle to rural drinking water safety.Rural safe drinking water legislation have sufficiently the constitutional basis and the basic law basis. Legislative framework system is composed of drinking water source protection,rural water supply planning,project financing,operation and management mechanisms,emergency warning system, pricing system, supervision system etc. Rural safe drinking water legislation will play a significant role in solving fundamentally the problem of rural safe drinking water.
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Liu, Zhen Hua. "Analysis of Problems of Unsafe Drinking Water in Rural Areas in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.706.

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In the process of solving rural drinking water safety,there are some problems need to attach great importance. Evaluation index system of rural drinking water safety includes water quality, quantity, convenience, and dependability. Figure 1 shows that Polluted water is the main reason of unsafe drinking water quality, 40.9% of unsafe drinking water quality, 28.8% of unsafe drinking water. Figure 2 shows that basically the discharge of waste water each year from 1998 to 2009 is increasing, the total discharge of waste water across China from 1997 to 2009 reached to 621.945 billion t. Table 2 shows that national industrial solid waste generation and utilization is increasing,but discharge decreasing, industrial solid waste, directly or indirectly polluted water environment, especially rural drinking water sources. The paper draws a conclusion that there are some problems of rural drinking water such as rural unsafe drinking water quality, lack of laws and regulations and effective management, serious rural water pollution.
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Liu, Zhen Hua. "Analysis of Legal System and Public Policy on Rural Water Source in China." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4126.

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Source of water is the beginning of rural drinking water projects, safe water source is the key to rural drinking water safety. Status of rural drinking water source in china and laws and regulations on rural water conservation were analyzed. The population of centralized water supply accounts for 51% of the total population in rural areas in 2008, centralized water supply 49%. Groundwater source accounts for 57% of the population of centralized water supply projects in rural areas in 2008, surface water sources 43%. China has a relatively sound legal system of drinking water source, including basic law, general law, administrative regulations, local regulations.The paper draws a conclusion that sources of drinking water in rural areas is mainly groundwater, water conservation is short of specific laws and regulations and not suitable for rural area,it is necessary to improve laws and regulations on rural water conservation, government must assume responsibility for rural water conservation, especially financial investment and public policy support.
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Li, Wei. "Study of Rural Drinking Water Safety Engineering Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.558.

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In recent years, all levels of government take solving the problem of safe drinking water in rural areas as a major initiative to ensure peoples livelihood. In the process of construction and management of rural safe drinking water project, government, enterprises and users are playing their own roles. The article proposes solutions to the problems that exist in the rural drinking water safety projects, by analyzing the roles of government, enterprises and users, in the management of rural safe drinking water project. It has certain referential significance to the construction and management of rural safe drinking water project.
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Peterson, H., and M. Torchia. "Safe drinking water for rural Canadians." Canadian Medical Association Journal 179, no. 1 (June 12, 2008): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1080061.

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Li, Hongxing, Alasdair Cohen, Zheng Li, and Mengjie Zhang. "The Impacts of Socioeconomic Development on Rural Drinking Water Safety in China: A Provincial-Level Comparative Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010085.

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In China, achieving rural drinking water safety—meaning access to a safe, affordable, sufficient, and sustainable drinking water supply—remains a key challenge for government agencies and researchers. Using cross-sectional data at the provincial level, in this paper we examine the impacts of socioeconomic development on drinking water safety in rural China. Using a theoretical framework called Pressure-State-Response (PSR), existing data were organized into state and pressure indicators. Canonical Correlation Analysis was then used to analyze provincial-level relationships between the indicators. Significant drinking-water-safety-related differences were found across provinces. Our analyses suggest that, overall, China’s recent and rapid socioeconomic development yielded substantial benefits for China’s rural drinking water safety. However, this same development also negatively impacted rural drinking water safety via increased groundwater over-abstraction, reductions in water supply, and environmental contamination. The paper closes with a discussion of implications and options for improving drinking water policy, management, and regulation in rural China.
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Duarte-Vera, Alejandra Ester, Julien Vanhulst, and Eduardo Antonio Letelier-Araya. "Tensiones de la Gobernanza comunitaria de servicios sanitarios rurales en territorios periurbanos (Chile)." Revista Urbano 24, no. 44 (November 30, 2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2021.24.44.09.

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Unlike the private concession model applied in urban zones, rural water sanitation services in Chile are managed by rural drinking water (RDW) committees or cooperatives, under a community governance model. This article seeks to understand the tensions and conflicts faced by RDW community governance in the peri-urban territories of regional capitals, which are at the frontier of the private drinking water management model. Based on a political ecology and hybrid governance approach, this research proposes the hypothesis that, on facing urban expansion and water scarcity, the neoliberal institutional framework tends to favour drinking water market governance in peri-urban territories. With this aim, and through semi-structured interviews and participatory observation, focusing on three RDW cases located in the peri-urban zone of Talca, this study develops a critical discourse analysis of community managers and government regulators, identifying their perceptions and positions on current socio-ecological transformations, and community governance tensions. Consistent with the proposed hypothesis, from discourse analysis, it is possible to infer the potential risks of privatization, derived from the implementation of Law No. 20,998, which regulates rural water sanitation services.
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Nakamura, Ryota, and Takumi Kondo. "Assessing the Effects of Access to Safe Drinking Water on Children’s Nutritional Status in Indonesia." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 18, no. 2 (December 2021): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37801/ajad2021.18.2.4.

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This study analyzed the effects of access to safe drinking water on the nutritional status of children under the age of 59 months in urban and rural areas in Indonesia using the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5. Both piped water and packaged water were considered safe to drink. The descriptive statistics show that children in rural areas typically had insufficient access to safe drinking water and children who consumed safe drinking water had higher short- and long-term nutrition levels. To mitigate selection bias due to the non-random distribution of access to safe drinking water, a matching estimation was used to quantitatively determine the effects of access to safe drinking water on child nutrition. The provision of safe drinking water improved the short- and long-term nutritional status of children in rural areas but had no significant effect to that of children in urban areas. A simulation of this effect on child nutrition shows that in rural areas, improved access to safe drinking water decreases the stunting ratio by 13 percentage points and the wasting ratio by 6.1 percentage points. Additionally, both household income levels and community drinking water prices are important determinants of access to safe drinking water. Therefore, access to safe drinking water is necessary to improve the nutritional status of children in rural Indonesia, and community characteristics contribute to access.
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Li, Fang Hong, and Xu Li Liang. "Evaluation of Water Quality of Rural Drinking Water and Countermeasure Research in Luquan City." Advanced Materials Research 773 (September 2013): 815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.815.

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The rural drinking water safety is an important issue for people's livelihood. For Luquan city, of Hebei province in China, drinking water was sampled through site investigation, and the water quality was analyzed used comprehensive index method. The results show that: the water type is IV in the investigation area, which is not suitable for drinking in a long time. The corresponding measures were proposed combined with the real conditions, which could provide theoretical guidance and policy reference for improvement of rural drinking water management mechanism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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Conboy, Mary Jane. "Bacterial contamination of rural drinking water wells." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35790.pdf.

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Chisenga, B. "Project maintenance : the case of rural drinking-water in Malawi." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/32859/.

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There is an investment of hand-pump technology to improve provision of safe drinking-water for the stakeholder end-users in rural sub-Saharan regions of Africa, yet there are challenges to maintain the assets. In rural drinking-water projects, end-users also assume the responsibility of hand-pump maintenance after projects are handed over to them by project sponsors. This study uses a realist philosophy to analyse the issues that hinder or facilitate effective end-user participation in a successful maintenance of drinking-water projects in Nkhoma and Bvumbwe, Lilongwe and Thyolo Districts of Malawi respectively. Data collection was done by employing secondary data (literature review) and primary data collection using documents, observation, and interviews to establish factors facilitating or inhibiting hand-pump maintenance. Interviews which were the main data collection instrument, recruited 12 Convergence Interviews (CI), followed by 39 Individual Case Interviews (ICIs) and two sets of Focus Groups (FGs) in operational and non-functional hand-pumps. CI processes developed categories related to hand-pump maintenance factors and associated challenges. The CI developed maintenance categories were further cross checked in ICIs that used semi-structured interviews and finally confirmed in FGs, documentary and observational analysis. Convergence Interviews data was analysed using a matrix while ICIs were analysed using likert-type ranking scales to identify the most occurring hand-pump maintenance factors. Focus Groups, observations and documents used content analysis to analyse the hand-pump maintenance factors. Results show that end-users maintain small- medium hand-pumps faults effectively if they pay a contribution towards maintenance costs and if local political structures are trained to repair the hand-pumps. Moreover, the study identifies lack of sponsor supports as the main factor leading to failure in the management of major faults and hand-pump rehabilitation, as this is beyond local capacity technically as well as economically. Hence, the study introduces a business approach to improving hand-pump maintenance by recommending some minimum standards on the demand-side (end-user level) as well as the supply-side (project sponsor and policy levels).
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Bartram, Jamie. "Optimising the monitoring and assessment of rural water supplies." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320994.

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Pumphrey, Sarah Irene. "Implementation of Appropriate Technology to Treat Drinking Water in Rural Tanzania." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218749376.

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Cory, Dennis C., and Molly V. Moy. "Reauthorization of the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Variability of Rural Public Water Systems." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296470.

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From the Proceedings of the 1995 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 22, 1995, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
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Rammelt, Crelis Ferdinand Institute of Environmental Studies UNSW. "Development and infrastructure in marginalised communities: safe drinking water in rural Bangladesh." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Institute of Environmental Studies, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44524.

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The poor in most developing countries are persistently marginalised in their living conditions, including their access to safe drinking water. The research objectives have been (1) to better understand why this state of affairs has endured despite decades of efforts and interventions, and (2) to propose more adequate alternatives. The central case study was concerned with drinking water in rural Bangladesh ?? a matter of grave urgency since the discovery of arsenic in the groundwater more than a decade ago. Millions of users are exposed to dangerous levels of contamination, and the implementation of solutions has been slow and inadequate. Little has been done so far to integrate the research on this complex humanitarian crisis. Many have argued that conventional views on development are ill-equipped to address the ??growing gap?? between rich and poor; the models often fail to interpret inequity beyond mere financial indicators. This thesis therefore puts forward a different analytical framework (based on the theoretical concepts of core-periphery and capital stock). This was designed to increase our understanding of marginalisation by taking into account unequal ownership of, entitlement to, and control over, ecological, technological, organisational and human assets. Through an action research methodology, this analytical framework was informed by a participatory programme that established safe drinking water supplies in several poor and arsenic-affected villages. The learning experience was then fed back into the programme. This pragmatic approach was also systemic, i.e., it emphasised the community level, which was framed within the context of external influences, various other programmes and national policies. This resulted in a clarification of the problem in terms of (1) lack of ownership of community land, resources, drinking water institutions and technical knowledge; (2) restricted access to (non-) governmental services and benefits from public or collective assets; and (3) exclusion from decision-making in new water sector developments. It was concluded that alternative strategies need to focus on vesting ownership, entitlement and control in marginalised communities. The steps to achieve this will have far-reaching ramifications for how organisations, policymakers and funding agencies perceive and plan development projects. The analytical and methodological approach of this thesis is relevant to other cases of marginalisation in different socio-economic contexts.
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Rai, Amrit Kumar. "Service delivery and accountability : the case of rural drinking water in Nepal." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6827/.

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Successful delivery of public service depends on how the relationships are forged by the actors (organizations) involved in service provision in a given socioeconomic and political context. By applying Agency Theory to the accountability features of service transaction and Activity Theory as a tool to define relationships, I have demonstrated that the public sector (District Governments) exhibits a more liberal attitude towards relationships with community based organizations (Water Users' Committees) in the provision of rural drinking water, while being more formal in relationships with the technical service providers (NGOs). The resolution of the dilemma regarding whether to choose trust-based or more formal contractual relationships with community and service providers in service provision, depends on how effectively the public sector builds their capacity to monitor, supervise and enforce the terms of the service provision relationship. The study of the application of accountability features in the service delivery transaction helps us to understand how a government organization structures its relationships with community organizations and with others, by using either a social or a market approach. The research also reveals that it is difficult to assign accountability in the collaborative network type of service provision, particularly for the provision of public goods and services, which demands a greater level of formal accountability to legitimize the functioning of the government.
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Ewart, Sande. "Mutual aid as community development : accessing potable water in rural El Salvador /." Halifax, N.S. : Saint Mary's University, 2008.

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Tellez, Sanchez Sarita Lucia. "Household Water Filter Use Characterization in Rural Rwanda: Signal Interpretation, Development and Validation." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3026.

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Access to safe drinking water is an important health factor in many developing countries. Studies have shown that unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation practices leads to diarrheal disease, which is one of the leading causes of death of children under five in developing countries. Provision and proper use of household water filters have been shown to effectively improve health. This thesis is focused on the refinement and validation of algorithms for data collected from pressure transducer sensors that are used in household water filters (the Vestergaard Frandsen LifeStraw Family 2.0) deployed in Rwanda by the social enterprise DelAgua Health. Statistical and signal processing techniques were used to detect the use of the LifeStraw water filters and to estimate the amount of water filtered at the time of usage. An algorithm developed by Dr. Carson Wick at Georgia Institute of Technology was the baseline for the analysis of the data. The algorithm was then refined based on data collected in the SweetLab at Portland State University, which was then applied to field data. Laboratory results indicated that the mean error of the improved algorithm is 11.5% as compared with the baseline algorithm mean error of 39%. The validation of the algorithm with field data yielded a mean error of 5%. Errors may be attributed to real-world behavior of the water filter, electronic noise, ambient temperature, and variations in the approximation made to the field data. This work also presents some consideration of the algorithm applied to soft-sided water backpacks.
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Ariga, Kenichi 1972. "Political institutions in rural drinking water provision : the case of Baybay, the Philippines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63214.

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Books on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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Reddy, K. L. N. Economics of rural drinking water supply. Jaipur: University Book House, 1999.

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Dinesh Kumar, M., Nitin Bassi, and Saurabh Kumar. Drinking Water Security in Rural India. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9198-0.

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1943-, Helmer Richard, World Health Organization, and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. Surveillance of drinking water quality in rural areas. Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1991.

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National Rural Drinking Water Programme (India). National Rural Drinking Water Programme: Movement towards ensuring people's drinking water security in rural India : guidelines 2013. New Delhi: Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India, 2013.

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India. Dept. of Drinking Water Supply and National Rural Drinking Water Programme (India). National Rural Drinking Water Programme: Movement towards ensuring people's drinking water security in rural India : framework for implementation. New Delhi: Dept. of Drinking Water Supply, Ministry of Rural Development, 2010.

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Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission., ed. Bringing sustainability to drinking water systems in rural India. [New Delhi]: Govt. of India, Ministry of Rural Development, Dept. of Drinking Water Supply, Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, 2007.

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Gujarat Institute of Development Research., ed. Rural drinking water supply in India: Issues and strategies. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Institute of Development Research, 2000.

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Chakravarty, Shubhra. Drinking water and science: An Indian experiment. New Delhi: Batra Book Service, 1990.

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Hansel, Kate W. The safe drinking water bond program: A review. Sacramento, Calif. (925 L St., Suite 650, Sacramento 95814): Office of the Legislative Analyst, 1988.

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1944-, Ghosh Gourishankar, ed. Water supply in rural India: Policy and programme. New Delhi: Ashish Pub. House, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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Liu, Zhenhua. "Research on Rural Drinking Water Projects Management." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 307–13. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4793-0_37.

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Marks, Sara, and Rubika Shrestha. "Improving Drinking Water Quality in Rural Communities in Mid-Western Nepal." In Women in Water Quality, 47–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17819-2_3.

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Sakai, Akira, Maiko Sakamoto, and Kunio Takahashi. "Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation Awareness in Rural Bangladesh." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 119–30. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55169-0_7.

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Dinesh Kumar, M., Nitin Bassi, and Saurabh Kumar. "Managing Rural Drinking Water Supply Across Hydro-climatic Zones of India." In Water Resources Development and Management, 155–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9198-0_9.

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Ikemi, Mayu. "Dissociation Between National Policy and Local Communities in Regard to Water Supply Management." In Global Environmental Studies, 47–63. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7711-3_4.

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AbstractVarious governments and international organizations have made efforts to expand water supply and sanitation services in rural Africa. This study aimed to evaluate and elucidate the outcomes of national policies on improving water supply management in rural Africa through a case study of Senegal. This case study examined the actual conditions of water supply facilities and residents’ water use in villages. I also attempted to identify the remaining challenges for sustainable water management by local communities. In summary, despite improvement in access to safe drinking water resources for rural populations in Senegal, the national policies were not completely successful. My findings highlight that improving water quality is as crucial as expanding water supply facilities in rural Africa. Meanwhile, for the sustainable self-management of water resources in rural Africa, the case study suggested the importance of local people’s transparent management, information sharing, and mutual aid. Rural residents in Africa have great potential to improve their current water environment through their own initiatives. This potential should be considered as a key to achieving the goal of sustainable water supply management in local communities.
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Sharma, Aviram. "Meeting SDG6: Ensuring Safe Drinking Water for All in Rural India." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_308-1.

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Sharma, Aviram. "Meeting SDG6: Ensuring Safe Drinking Water for All in Rural India." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures, 1053–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87745-3_308.

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Paul, Subhalakshmi, and Prasenjit Sarkhel. "Delivery of Safe Drinking Water in Rural India: An Appraisal of Public Water Supply Initiatives." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 85–104. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9579-7_6.

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Dinesh Kumar, M., Nitin Bassi, and Saurabh Kumar. "Rural Drinking Water Security in India: The Challenge of Piping Water to Every Household by 2024." In Water Resources Development and Management, 179–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9198-0_10.

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He, Lian, and Jilin Cheng. "Research and Development of Preceding-Evaluation System of Rural Drinking Water Safety Project." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IV, 283–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18336-2_34.

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Conference papers on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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GOLOVKO, Liudmyla. "IMPLEMENTATION OF EU WATER POLICY IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.103.

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The use, protection and management of water resources belong to the most urgent among global environmental problems of our time. Today, the civilization clearly realizes the need for careful management of water resources, maintaining and restoring its quality. Water quality determines the possibility of its use in various fields of human activity. For Ukraine problems of water sector are also acute and urgent. Low efficiency of water use, poor drinking water quality, nitrate contamination of water resources, poor condition of water bodies in Ukraine require more foreign experience in this sphere, especially the EU experience. The purpose of our scholarly work is to explore actual problems of harmonization of water legislation of Ukraine with the requirements of EU water policy and development of proposals for the improvement of Ukrainian legislation. Main features of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation in the water resources management sphere with EU law and prospects for implementation of principles of EU Water Framework Directive were analyzed. As a result of the study the ways of implementation of positive foreign experience of water objects management in Ukraine are considered. Considering the scale of ecological crisis in Ukraine the necessity of forming a new system of economic regulators of nature is obvious. Such system must not only accumulate funds for urgent actions, but primarily encourage economic entities to protect the natural environment. We consider it appropriate to introduce mandatory environmental insurance for operators of environmentally hazardous activities.
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RAVICHANDRAN, Lenin, Dmitrijs RUSOVS, Thottipalayam Vellingri ARJUNAN, Selvaraj VIJAYAN, and Murugesan MATHESWARAN. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BRACKISH WATER DISTILLATION IN SINGLE SLOPE SOLAR STILL USING SENSIBLE HEAT STORAGE MATERIALS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.086.

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Solar distillation is one of the important methods of getting clean water from brackish and seawater using the renewable energy of the sun. The passive type solar still represent most economical method to supply drinking water for domestic applications for decentralized level. Experimental measurements of solar distillation productivity for single slope still were conducted at the testing field of the Mechanical Engineering department, Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. The influence of basin water quantity and amount of energy storage materials are examined and the performance is compared. The target of this research is to find best way to keep the excess heat by energy storage materials and release it during off-sunshine hours for increment in distillate output and efficiency. Various sensible heat energy storage materials like pebbles, blue metal stone, red brick, granites and white marbles were used as energy storage medium. The daily yield of black granite still is higher than other energy storage material stills and is equal to 3.216 kg/day/m2, which is 29% higher than that of the still without energy storage materials.
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DAPKIENĖ, Midona, Nomeda SABIENĖ, and Algirdas RADZEVIČIUS. "CONTAMINATION OF THE ROOT VEGETABLES WASH WATER AND ITS TREATMENT EFFICIENCY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.010.

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Growing volume of washed vegetables in Europe and Lithuania means that more drinking water is consumed and more wastewater is produced. Farmers, who engage in washing vegetables, face the problems of wastewater treatment, wastewater storage and utilization. Wastewater released to the environment from their farms would meet hygiene and environmental protection criteria. The aim of the study was to assess the contamination of the root vegetable wash water and to evaluate the possiblity of cleaning of wastewater in the land-based treatment system consisting of one constructed wetland and two biological ponds. The contamination of wastewater, produced by washed root vegetables, in Lithuanian farms was measured according to suspended solids (SS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Pollution of the wash water and wastewater was evaluated comparing the mean values with legislative limit values and with typical sewage contamination values. In all farms wastewater of initial root vegetables washing was treated in settling basins. Wastewater of one carrots washing farm was treated in the land-based wastewater treatment system consisting of surface flow constructed wetland and two biological ponds. Efficiency of the wastewater treatment in this system was according to suspended solids 90%, BOD7 – 97%, CODCr – 92%, total nitrogen – 98% , total phosphorus – 97%. The result shows, that the natural wastewater treatment system is suitable for farms, that wash and produce vegetables, but before releasing wastewater to the environment, it has to be settled.
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Song, Xue-ling, Ying-bao Zhao, Chao-ying Liu, and Zhe-ying Song. "Safe drinking water projects integrated information system for rural areas." In International Conference on Photonics and Image in Agriculture Engineering (PIAGENG 2009). SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.836843.

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Ni, Fuquan, Yu Deng, and Zhaocheng Zhang. "Assessing microbes safety of rural drinking water in Ya'an, China." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5966082.

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Ferdes, Mariana, Bianca-Stefania Zabava, Mirela-Nicoleta Dinca, and Gigel Paraschiv. "Effect of ozone treatment on three bacterial strains of drinking water." In 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2018.17.n382.

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Traylor, Helen, and Craig Woolard. "Evaluation of Capacitive Desalination Technology for Drinking Water Treatment in Rural Alaska." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)270.

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Ni, Fuquan, Guo-dong Liu, Yang-yang Gao, Li-ping Xu, and Cheng-wei Fu. "Notice of Retraction: Set Pair Analysis for Rural Drinking Water Quality." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5515095.

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Adhikary, B., P. Kafle, and S. Thapa. "Study and design of drinking water hydropower project for rural electrification." In 2009 International Conference on the Developments in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdret.2009.5454239.

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Zhenhua, Liu. "Supervision and Management Information System for Rural Drinking Water Project Construction." In 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications (ISDEA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isdea.2012.325.

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Reports on the topic "RURAL DRINKING WATER"

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Mathieu, Johanna L., Ashok J. Gadgil, Kristin Kowolik, and Susan E. A. Addy. Removing Arsenic from Contaminated Drinking Water in Rural Bangladesh: Recent Fieldwork Results and Policy Implications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/972648.

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Hallberg, George R., B. C. Kross, Robert D. Libra, L. F. Burmeister, L. M. B. Weih, C. F. Lynch, and D. R. Bruner. The Iowa state-wide rural well-water survey design report : a systematic sample of domestic drinking water quality. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa Department of Natural Resources, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/rep.006553.

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Puerta, Juan Manuel. Study on the Performance and Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Initiatives in Rural Areas: Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Communities (PR0118). Inter-American Development Bank, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000291.

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Schlossnagle, Trevor H., Janae Wallace,, and Nathan Payne. Analysis of Septic-Tank Density for Four Communities in Iron County, Utah - Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah. Utah Geological Survey, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ri-284.

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Iron County is a semi-rural area in southwestern Utah that is experiencing an increase in residential development. Although much of the development is on community sewer systems, many subdivisions use septic tank soil-absorption systems for wastewater disposal. Many of these septic-tank systems overlie the basin-fill deposits that compose the principal aquifer for the area. The purpose of our study is to provide tools for waterresource management and land-use planning. In this study we (1) characterize the water quality of four areas in Iron County (Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah) with emphasis on nutrients, and (2) provide a mass-balance analysis based on numbers of septic-tank systems, groundwater flow available for mixing, and baseline nitrate concentrations, and thereby recommend appropriate septic-system density requirements to limit water-quality degradation. We collected 57 groundwater samples and three surface water samples across the four study areas to establish baseline nitrate concentrations. The baseline nitrate concentrations for Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 1.51 mg/L, 1.42 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, and 1.76 mg/L, respectively. We employed a mass-balance approach to determine septic-tank densities using existing septic systems and baseline nitrate concentrations for each region. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate is one of the principal indicators of pollution from septic tank soil-absorption systems. To provide recommended septic-system densities, we used a mass-balance approach in which the nitrogen mass from projected additional septic tanks is added to the current nitrogen mass and then diluted with groundwater flow available for mixing plus the water added by the septic-tank systems themselves. We used an allowable degradation of 1 mg/L with respect to nitrate. Groundwater flow volume available for mixing was calculated from existing hydrogeologic data. We used data from aquifer tests compiled from drinking water source protection documents to derive hydraulic conductivity from reported transmissivities. Potentiometric surface maps from existing publications and datasets were used to determine groundwater flow directions and hydraulic gradients. Our results using the mass balance approach indicate that the most appropriate recommended maximum septic-tank densities in Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 23 acres per system, 7 acres per system, 5 acres per system, and 11 acres per system, respectively. These recommendations are based on hydrogeologic parameters used to estimate groundwater flow volume. Public valley-wide sewer systems may be a better alternative to septic-tank systems where feasible.
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Guidelines for Drinking Water Safety Planning for West Bengal. Asian Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim200370-2.

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Water safety planning is considered an international best practice for assessing and managing public health risks from drinking water supply systems. Under the West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Project and in close collaboration with the World Health Organization, the Asian Development Bank assisted in developing these water safety planning guidelines for the state of West Bengal. This document offers practical guidance for taking a water safety planning approach to bulk water supply systems, particularly in developing and implementing the stages of rural drinking water delivery service schemes in India and elsewhere.
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