Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rural development (Iran)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Rural development (Iran)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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McLachlan, Keith, and Abdolali Lahsaeizadeh. "Contemporary Rural Iran." Geographical Journal 163, no. 2 (July 1997): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3060189.

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Badri, Seyed Ali, Nasrin Kazemi, Parvin Khodadadi, and Ali Mohammadnejad. "Why rural development policies have not contributed to rural development in Iran." Rural Society 30, no. 2-3 (September 2, 2021): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371656.2021.1997423.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Rural Development in Iran: A Survey of Policies and Outcomes." Journal of Developing Societies 35, no. 3 (September 2019): 346–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x19868316.

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This article examines secular changes in post-revolutionary rural Iran by focusing on rural social attitudes, social stratification, demography, morphology, and architecture. Offering a review of major rural reforms, it contends that although in the first two decades after the revolution, rural communities were primarily affected by state policies, they have been chiefly influenced by macro developments since then, nationally or globally. Rural change has been associated with the integration of the rural structure into the modern structure rather than adhering to the state-specific rural reforms and/or its ideological imperatives. The article concludes that such developments have resulted in greater access to modern amenities and paved the way for rural communities to adopt modern changes that were not necessarily on the government’s ideological agenda. Hence, the revolutionary objectives of an equal distribution of rural development benefits and combating rural poverty remain elusive.
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Afsharzade, Nashmil, Abdolhamid Papzan, Mehdi Ashjaee, Sohrab Delangizan, Steven Van Passel, and Hossein Azadi. "Renewable energy development in rural areas of Iran." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 65 (November 2016): 743–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.042.

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Orishev, Aleksandr B., Azer A. Mamedov, Igor Yu Zalysin, Dmitry V. Kotusov, and Sergey L. Grigoriev. "The Development of Travel and Tourism Industry in Iran." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 9 (December 27, 2020): 2173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.257.

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The article presents the results of scientific research devoted to the study of tourism in the countries of the Far East, obtained at one of its stages. The purpose of the article is to characterize the state of rural tourism in Iran. The article shows how the attitude to tourism has changed in this country, uncovering the main reasons for the growth of domestic and international tourist flows in recent years. There are several areas of rural tourism in Iran, which include visits to historical villages and free trade zones, camping in nomad tents, recreation in parks and natural resorts, and trips to the desert. The main research findings of the authors demonstrate the problems facing rural tourism in Iran and identify the risks that arise in this sector of the economy.
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Mahmoudi, Vahid. "Poverty Changes during the Three Recent Development Plans in Iran (1995-2007)." African and Asian Studies 10, no. 2-3 (2011): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x587013.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyse the degree of poverty in Iran and how it changed over time during the second, third and fourth (first three years) five-year national development plans (1995-2007). It does this by documenting overall poverty levels and poverty within regional subgroups, using the micro-level data set of household expenditure survey conducted by the Statistical Centre of Iran (SCI) in 1995, 1999, 2004 and 2007. I have found an increase in all poverty measures in rural regions and a decrease in urban areas during the second development plan (1995-1999). The country as a whole also experienced a considerable poverty reduction over the third development plan (1999-2004) under Khatami’s presidency. However, all poverty measures suggest that during Ahmadinejad Administration (2004-2007) poverty has risen. This paper also examines the distribution of poverty breakdown by the regional status of households in Iran. The incidence, intensity and severity of poverty are higher in rural than urban areas in Iran. Regional decompositions show that although poverty was spread throughout the country, the intensity of poverty in some provinces such as Systan-Balochestan, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Hamadan and Ilam was more pronounced. The results also suggest that the contribution of the “southeast” and “west” regions (including above mentioned provinces) to the national poverty were increased during the second, third and fourth plans. This might be attributed to the fact that these provinces were more affected by eight-year long Iran-Iraq war, immigration of refuges from neighbours countries and drought.
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Dadvar-Khani, Fazileh. "Participation of rural community and tourism development in Iran." Community Development 43, no. 2 (May 2012): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2011.604423.

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Pranger, R. J. "The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran." Mediterranean Quarterly 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10474552-13-2-126.

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Sadeghloo, Tahereh, Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari, Mahdi Salehi, and Amin Faal Jalali. "Obstacles and methods of financing for the development of local entrepreneurship in Iran." International Journal of Development Issues 17, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 114–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-05-2017-0046.

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Purpose The purpose of the current study is to investigate the public and private financing obstacles to medium- and small-scale entrepreneurs in rural areas in Iran. Design/methodology/approach Descriptive analytic research method is used for collecting field data among 5,770 owners of entrepreneurial businesses located in rural areas of Mashhad in 2015. Findings The results showed that there are numerous public and private obstacles in rural entrepreneurship financing in Iran, which are the main factors for short-term loan repayment in public sector, and in the private sector, they result in entrepreneurs’ lack of access to the source of financing. Moreover, there are a variety of financing methods for entrepreneurship in rural areas, among which personal resources and borrowings are the most important ones. Thus, lack of serious and persistent governmental support from local entrepreneurs causes many entrepreneurial failures at the early stages of entrepreneurial activity in villages of Iran. Originality/value So far, few studies have been conducted on the subject of the study; hence, the results of the current study may be helpful to the developing nations.
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Najafi, Bahaeddin. "Rural service centres in Iran: a case study." Journal of Rural Studies 7, no. 3 (January 1991): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(91)90094-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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Mojtabavi, Jafar. "An evaluation of rural development planning in Iran after the Revolution 1979." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/426.

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With the industrial revolution and huge emigration from villages to cities in developed countries, and later on with the changing balance between the Urban and Rural residents in third world countries, because of the poverty and lack of basic services in rural areas, rural development has become a major problem in the world, especially in third world countries. Iran, as one of such countries, has been faced with this problem, and some reforms for changing the situation and providing more acceptable living conditions for the rural people have been established and implemented. After the Revolution in 1979, the Islamic Government has its roots in the poor people who supported the Revolution in different stages so the effective factors for such improvements in rural condition are included in the revolutionary Constitution and later on in the National Development Programmes. The statements in the Constitution Law and the establishment of two independent agencies, Bonyad-e-Maskan & Jahad-e-Sazandegi, to deal with rural problems, have resulted in the start of Rural Development Planning activities. The national aims developed by the policymaker for development in rural areas in this regard are to: "Create necessary social, cultural and economic conditions necessary for development, and providing necessary possibilities and physical improvements and necessary facilities for improving housing and other environmental basic public services." With this overall policy, development activity has started with the aim of improvement in the standard of life for rural areas. Up to 1997, about 1000 plans have been prepared and 370 have been implemented. This research is looking to investigate the implemented cases, to evaluate the degree of success or failure and to make conclusions and recommendations. With this aim, the research includes a literature review, in the context of development planning, specifically Rural Development Planning, and then an investigation of Iranian Constitutional Law, the National Programmes, the agencies and Iranian planning organisation to be able to make an evaluation framework and design a process for case studies and data collection, in a qualitative approach to the research. With 59 cases which had passed their first five years period of planning, 13 cases have been chosen, of which five have been studied in detail, each with an individual field study report, leading to specific and general conclusions, which are divided into two parts. Firstly from the literature review, which draws the main points to establish the desired achievements for successful development planning in rural areas. Secondly the conclusions apply to all parts of the rural development process in Iran, from policy making to implementation and with recommendations for the overall process in principle and in detail and relating to the agencies and resources involved. The main results from the case studies have identified gaps and weaknesses in the process and therefore have lead to recommendations as to how the process would be more successful. It shows that the rural development planning, as part of the national development programme, needs: i) To have more accurate regional plans in advance in order to define the main potentials in each region, and to provide guidelines appropriate to each, ii) To ensure the correct designation of the villages which are to be planned; iii) To encourage the appointed consultants to follow best practice for plan-preparation; iv) To provide the necessary administrative organisation, with the powers and resources to be able to carry out the process; and v) To improve implementation.
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Aazami, Mousa. "The process and outcomes of people's participation in rural development projects in Iran." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408099.

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Emadi, Mohammad H., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." THESIS_FAH_ARD_Emadi_M.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.

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The study focuses on the relationships between nomads, the government and the natural resource base of Iran as a problematical situation. The research approach adopted was action-oriented with an emphasis on the process of development through the integration of theory with practice in a critical learning system designed to improve the situation and emphasising the significance of systemic thinking and acting.The underlying rationale for the approach is that the relatively limited achievements in nomadic development and natural conservation to date stem from the fact that policies are: (a) based on a reductionist view point and analysis, which separates theory from practice, and neglects the diversity, complexity and recursiveness of the different dimensions of nomadic life; and (b) developed on the basis of government perceptions of the nature of the issues confronting nomads rather than on the basis of shared concerns with the nomads themselves. There were three phases of fieldwork which, when taken together, represent what might be termed a system of systemic research methodologies. The first phase of the fieldwork was an attempt to explore the problematic situation from the point of view of particular group of nomads and government agents. The second phase of research turned to an action-oriented approach to establish the process of conversation and mutual recognition and accommodation of change among ‘clients’ and the researcher as facilitator to help each group of participants (nomads and government) to understand their own position and worldviews, to help each group of participants to recognise and appreciate differences in their positions, perceptions, and to establish a framework for action and improving the situation within each group could benefit in a reciprocal manner. The third phase of research focused on the learning organisation as a strategy to improve relationships. The recursive nature of the research, both in terms of relationship between theory and practice and also its three phases, is reflected in the structure of the thesis.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Abdollahyan, Hamid Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. "Historical impediments to the development of agricultural production in pre-capitalist rural Iran; absentee landlordism." Ottawa, 1996.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Rural reform policy in the post-revolutionary Iran : a study of the impact of rural development programmes on rural people in selected villages of eastern Azerbaijan." Thesis, University of York, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245900.

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Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." Thesis, View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.

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The study focuses on the relationships between nomads, the government and the natural resource base of Iran as a problematical situation. The research approach adopted was action-oriented with an emphasis on the process of development through the integration of theory with practice in a critical learning system designed to improve the situation and emphasising the significance of systemic thinking and acting.The underlying rationale for the approach is that the relatively limited achievements in nomadic development and natural conservation to date stem from the fact that policies are: (a) based on a reductionist view point and analysis, which separates theory from practice, and neglects the diversity, complexity and recursiveness of the different dimensions of nomadic life; and (b) developed on the basis of government perceptions of the nature of the issues confronting nomads rather than on the basis of shared concerns with the nomads themselves. There were three phases of fieldwork which, when taken together, represent what might be termed a system of systemic research methodologies. The first phase of the fieldwork was an attempt to explore the problematic situation from the point of view of particular group of nomads and government agents. The second phase of research turned to an action-oriented approach to establish the process of conversation and mutual recognition and accommodation of change among ‘clients’ and the researcher as facilitator to help each group of participants (nomads and government) to understand their own position and worldviews, to help each group of participants to recognise and appreciate differences in their positions, perceptions, and to establish a framework for action and improving the situation within each group could benefit in a reciprocal manner. The third phase of research focused on the learning organisation as a strategy to improve relationships. The recursive nature of the research, both in terms of relationship between theory and practice and also its three phases, is reflected in the structure of the thesis.
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Salehi, Alireza. "Livelihood dependency and management on semiarid oak forests : the case of southern Zagros, Iran /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200933.pdf.

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Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran /." View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030530.122653/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995.
PnD thesis, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995. Bibliography : leaves 324-337.
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Yavari, Ahmad. "Allocation des ressources naturelles renouvelables et le développement rural dans les milieux montagnards de l'Iran : exemple de modalités du développement rural et la dégradation des ressources naturelles végétales de l'Alborz central." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10277.

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Ce travail est une etude en geographie appliquee concernant la gestion des espaces montagnards de pays arides et en voie de developpement ou les montagnes sont des repertoires et lieux de recharge de ressources naturelles et de l'heritage culturel. L'economie de la pluspart des villages de plaines et piedmonts reste dependante des ressources naturelles qui ont subit une degradation intense et de fortes perturbations ecologiques et socio-economiques. La region etudiee est une partie de la chaine d'alborz central choisie de facon a inclure la diversite naturelle et socio-economique de l'espace montagnard de l'iran, tout en restant limitee sur l'etendue (2914 km carres). L'approche adoptee est inspiree par la vision systemique. La gestion de l'espace et son evolution pendant les vingt dernieres annees ont ete etudiees sur place et par des analyses statistiques en tant qu'un systeme uni. L'amenagement de cette region manque d'une gestion rationnelle de l'espace et ceci entraine un rapport desequilibre du developpement entre les montagnes et les pleines adjacentes et la non-integration des specificites montagnardes. Les potentiels agro-sylvo-pastorals sont limites par les contraintes naturelles et par les surexploitations intenses et chroniques. Cependant, il y a des potentiels d'exploitations importants au developpement de la region grace a sa situation geographique exceptionnelle. Le developpement du tourisme, du transport routier, de l'artisanat et de l'industrie legere sont des sources de l'emploi et de revenu et reduisent la pression exercee sur les ressources naturelles mais restent sous-exploites. Etablir l'equilibre (reduction) de l'exploitation de ressources naturelles et le developpement des autres potentiels de l'alborz central sont les premieres mesures indispensables de toutes gestion. La region a besoin d'un amenagement integre base sur les relations complementaires plaines-montagnes au niveau regional dans le respect des specificites des espaces montagnards au niveau local ou micro-regional
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Sackey, Mamie Eleanor. "Intestinal Parasitic Infection: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Consequences for Child Growth, Iron Status and Development in Rural Ecuador." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34712.

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Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI's) are considered to be a public health problem of global importance by the World Health Organization. The present epidemiologic survey study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of pathogenic IPI's on the growth, nutrition and psychomotor development of 244 Ecuadorian children aged 0.2-14 years. The study was conducted in five rural hamlets located in a tropical rainforest area in northwest Ecuador. The study data were obtained by means of a structured questionnaire, a developmental screening examination, anthropometry, and lab analysis of blood and fecal samples. Data analysis was conducted using appropriate bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques. The study results revealed that 90% of the child subjects were infected with at least one pathogenic IPI species. Fifty-one percent were identified with helminthic infections, 37.6% with protozoal infections, and 21.4% were infected with both. The most common intestinal parasites detected were Ascaris lumbricoides (39.7%), Giardia intestinalis (25.2%), Trichuris trichiura (19.7%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (18.5%), Blastocystis hominis (13.3%), and Ancylostoma duodenale (1.7%). The prevalence of growth stunting (40%) and iron-deficiency anemia (26%) also was high. Children infected with Giardia exhibited a risk for stunted growth that was twice that of their non-infected counterparts (51.7% vs. 33.1%; OR=2.16, 95% C.I.= 1.13-4.15; p= 0.01). They also had significantly reduced mean blood hemoglobin levels compared to non-infected children 11.8 + 1.5.g/dL vs. 12.2 + 1.4g/dL; p= 0.023) but the proportion with iron-deficiency anemia was slightly but not significantly increased (29.4% vs. 24.3%). The characteristic most consistently associated with risk for pathogenic protozoal IPI's was a high density of domestic animals living in and around the home. Children who lived in such households had a risk for infection that was 2-5 times greater than others. This suggests that domestic animals were important reservoirs for IPI infection in the child group studied. Contrary to the a priori hypothesis, no gender, ethnic, nor age differences in infection risk were identified except for Trichuris infection, which was reduced in younger children contrary to expectations. Mass or targeted chemotherapy combined with health education and promotion are needed to reduce the cycle of infection and re-infection and the negative impact of these on child growth and iron status. Health education and promotion messages can be incorporated into other types of programs already in place in local schools and by the Ecuadorian Ministries of Public Health, Education, and Social Welfare and other agencies.
Master of Science
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Books on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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Agriculture & rural development in Iran 1962-1978. Wisbech: Middle East & North African Studies Press Ltd., 1986.

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Nattagh, Nima. Agriculture & regional development in Iran. Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, England: Middle East & North African Studies Press, 1986.

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The state and rural development in post-revolutionary Iran. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001.

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Shakoori, Ali. The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433.

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Islam, gender, and development: Rural-urban migration of women in Iran. Lanham, Md: Lexington Books, 2011.

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The elementary structures of political life: Rural development in Pahlavi Iran. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.

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Abdollahyan, Hamid. Conceptualization of reality in historical sociology: Narrating absentee landlordism in Iran. Tehran, Iran: Sayeroshan Publications, 2004.

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Iran. Vizārat-i Jihād-i Sāzandagī. Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt va Barʹrasī-i Rūstāyī, ed. Sanjish-i girāyish-i rūstāʼīyān nisbat bih Jihād-i Sāzandagī: Pizhūhishī dar sih ustān-i Iṣfahān, Fārs va Khurāsān. Tihrān: Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt va Barʹrasī-i Masāʼil-i Rūstāyī, 1994.

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Quelyoe, Ivone De. Wanita dan industri rumah tangga pangan di Irian Jaya. Yogyakarta: Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1994.

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Unit, Zambia Ministry of Local Government and Housing Provincial Planning. A study into the application of integrated rural accessibility planning (IRAP) in Kalabo District, Zambia: (Aug. 1999 - Feb. 2000). Harare, Zimbabwe: International Labour Organisation, Advisory Support, Information Services and Training Programme, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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Shakoori, Ali. "Rural Development at the Micro Level." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 126–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_6.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Theoretical Debates on Rural Change." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 9–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_2.

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Shakoori, Ali. "The Revolution and Rural Society." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 60–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_4.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Introduction." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 1–8. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_1.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Historical Background." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 40–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_3.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Agricultural Policies and Agricultural Growth." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 99–125. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_5.

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Shakoori, Ali. "Conclusion." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 164–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_7.

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Rezvani, Mohammad Reza, and Hossain Mansourian. "The Development of Quality-of-Life Indicators in Rural Areas in Iran: Case Study – Khaveh Shomali District, Lorestan Province." In Community Quality-of-Life Indicators: Best Cases V, 171–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0535-7_9.

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Faraji, Farnaz, and Elham Masoumi. "The Challenges of Integrated Conservation and Development in Historic Rural Landscapes; Case Study: The Historic Villages of East Azerbaijan, Iran." In Placemaking and Cultural Landscapes, 153–71. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6274-5_9.

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Theobald, Robin, and Sa'ad Jawad. "Problems of Rural Development in an Oil-Rich Economy: Iraq 1958-1975 1." In Iraq, 191–218. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003252719-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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NASER, SHAFIEI SABET, and HARATIFARD SAEIDEH. "IMPACT OF EMPOWERING LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF MARGINAL RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN IRAN." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp170431.

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Taleshi, M. "Rural development in small mountainous settlements: case study of Bojnord region, North-eastern part of Iran." In ECOSUD 2007. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eco070301.

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Nael, M., and S. H. Matinkhah. "Evaluation of sustainability of conventional agroecosystems and introduction of ecological farming systems in the Zagros region, Iran: a necessity towards sustainable rural development." In First International Symposium on Urban Development. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/isud130321.

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PEKARSKAS, Juozas, Algirdas GAVENAUSKAS, Anželika DAUTARTĖ, and Aida STIKLIENĖ. "RECYCLING OF MINERAL SERPENTINITE WASTE FROM MINING INDUSTRY AND ITS USE IN AGRICULTURE TO IMPROVE SOIL AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.102.

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The influence of processing the serpentinite quarry from the Caucasian mountains at the foot of the Mount Elbrus crushed waste on soil agrochemical properties, phytotoxicity of spring barley, influence on barley plant biomass and its chemical composition were investigated. Ground and granular serpentinite had a different effect on soil and plants. Application of serpentinite fertilizers significantly increased the content of calcium, iron, 227.95-376.75 and 5.05-9.62 mg kg-1, total and plant-derived magnesium 0.34-0.52 and 1.19-2.16 mg kg-1, lead and nickel, while the amount of copper dropped substantially; the soil was becoming more alkaline. Application of ground serpentinite lead to alkalizing of the soil much more compared to the granular, with a significant increase in plant-derived magnesium. The influence of serpentinite increased the yield of spring barley plants in green and dry mass by 0.049-0.256 and 0.011-0.046 g or 0.65-3.41 and 1.19-2.59% out of the growing vessel, and dry matter increased by 0.12-0.26 % units, the yield of spring barley green and dry mass under the influence of ground serpentinite was higher than of granular serpentinite fertilizer, and the dry matter was found to be significantly higher than that of unfertilized spring barley plants. Ground and granular serpentinite was not phytotoxic to spring barley. An application of ground serpentinite increased an amount of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the barley dry matter compared to the granular serpentinite. Ground and granular serpentinite reduced the amount of trace elements copper and manganese in the dry mass of the plant, and the amount of zinc decreased only after fertilization with granular serpentinite. An application of serpentinite significantly decreased content of lead, chrome and cadmium while nickel content significantly increased in the dry matter of barley plants.
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Aryani, Rima, Winny Retna Melani, and Tri Apriadi. "Effectiveness of aquatic microfungi (Curvularia sp.) in reducing iron (Fe) from tailing pond bauxite post-mining Senggarang, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands Province." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5097499.

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Gottinger, A. M., D. J. Wild, D. McMartin, B. Moldovan, and D. Wang. "Development of an iron-amended biofilter for removal of arsenic from rural Canadian prairie potable water." In WATER POLLUTION 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp100291.

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Reports on the topic "Rural development (Iran)"

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Schlossnagle, Trevor H., Janae Wallace,, and Nathan Payne. Analysis of Septic-Tank Density for Four Communities in Iron County, Utah - Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah. Utah Geological Survey, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ri-284.

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Iron County is a semi-rural area in southwestern Utah that is experiencing an increase in residential development. Although much of the development is on community sewer systems, many subdivisions use septic tank soil-absorption systems for wastewater disposal. Many of these septic-tank systems overlie the basin-fill deposits that compose the principal aquifer for the area. The purpose of our study is to provide tools for waterresource management and land-use planning. In this study we (1) characterize the water quality of four areas in Iron County (Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah) with emphasis on nutrients, and (2) provide a mass-balance analysis based on numbers of septic-tank systems, groundwater flow available for mixing, and baseline nitrate concentrations, and thereby recommend appropriate septic-system density requirements to limit water-quality degradation. We collected 57 groundwater samples and three surface water samples across the four study areas to establish baseline nitrate concentrations. The baseline nitrate concentrations for Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 1.51 mg/L, 1.42 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, and 1.76 mg/L, respectively. We employed a mass-balance approach to determine septic-tank densities using existing septic systems and baseline nitrate concentrations for each region. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate is one of the principal indicators of pollution from septic tank soil-absorption systems. To provide recommended septic-system densities, we used a mass-balance approach in which the nitrogen mass from projected additional septic tanks is added to the current nitrogen mass and then diluted with groundwater flow available for mixing plus the water added by the septic-tank systems themselves. We used an allowable degradation of 1 mg/L with respect to nitrate. Groundwater flow volume available for mixing was calculated from existing hydrogeologic data. We used data from aquifer tests compiled from drinking water source protection documents to derive hydraulic conductivity from reported transmissivities. Potentiometric surface maps from existing publications and datasets were used to determine groundwater flow directions and hydraulic gradients. Our results using the mass balance approach indicate that the most appropriate recommended maximum septic-tank densities in Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 23 acres per system, 7 acres per system, 5 acres per system, and 11 acres per system, respectively. These recommendations are based on hydrogeologic parameters used to estimate groundwater flow volume. Public valley-wide sewer systems may be a better alternative to septic-tank systems where feasible.
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