Academic literature on the topic 'Rural conditions Psychological aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rural conditions Psychological aspects"
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����������, Viktor Danyushenkov, ���������, and Olga Korshunova. "Monitoring as a Necessary Condition for Achieving Academic Results at Rural School." Standards and Monitoring in Education 2, no. 4 (August 15, 2014): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5868.
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The article presents classical systems of academic monitoring displaying didactic, educational, social and psychological, administrative, and material
aspects of academic process on the basis of the analysis of the set of approaches to definition of the concepts of �pedagogical monitoring� and �quality
of education�. The actualmodification of monitoring system for rural school is analysedwith regard tomultiple aspects of understanding the category of
�quality of education�. The conclusion is drawn on existing problems in organization of pedagogical monitoring associated with various approaches to
understanding the essence of educational quality, classical inclination of pedagogy to traditional knowledge criteria of monitoring, need of developing
new indicators with regard to humanistic orientation of contemporary school and weak measuring and monitoring framework. Considering these factors
and specifics of modern rural school authors present a model of social and pedagogical monitoring for rural educational organizations and provide
an example of education monitoring in one of the rural schools of the Kirov region, displaying elements of a competence and activitybased paradigm.
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Blyznyuk, Tetyana. "Readiness of Senior Students from the Carpathian Terrain to Choose Teaching Profession: Pedagogical and Psychological Aspects." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, no. 2-3 (December 22, 2014): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.18-21.
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The article presented at the conference is the study of the problems of upbringing andeducation of senior pupils from the Carpathian mountain area. Namely the author investigates thestudents’ readiness for choosing the teaching profession and willingness to work at rural mountainschools. Despite the big number of teachers in the labor market of Ukraine, now the system ofeducation meets an acute issue dealing with the selection to the pedagogical specialties talentedcreative young people who actually choose teaching profession by nature and strong personal will.Today there are very few teachers whose level of commitment to perform professional duties inUkrainian education is really high, and this is especially true about mountain school teachers. Thisphenomenon can be partially explained by the fact that teaching profession has low prestige in oursociety for the recent decades (Ukrainian teachers are not well-paid, their working conditions inrural Carpathian schools leave much to be desired). Therefore the problem of readiness of highschool students to perform professional-pedagogical duties is of particular relevance. The authoranalyzes the psychological and pedagogical basis of the presented problem, defines the essenceand structure of the notion “readiness for choosing the teaching profession”. In the context ofsolving this issue one of the important conditions the author considers the comprehensivedevelopment of senior school students, particularly the development of their creative abilities.
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Nikulchev, Evgeny, Dmitry Ilin, Anastasiya Silaeva, Pavel Kolyasnikov, Vladimir Belov, Andrey Runtov, Pavel Pushkin, et al. "Digital Psychological Platform for Mass Web-Surveys." Data 5, no. 4 (October 5, 2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data5040095.
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Web-surveys are one of the most popular forms of primary data collection used for various researches. However, mass surveys involve some challenges. It is required to consider different platforms and browsers, as well as different data transfer rates using connections in different regions of the country. Ensuring guaranteed data delivery in these conditions should determine the right choice of technologies for implementing web-surveys. The paper describes the solution to transfer a questionnaire to the client side in the form of an archive. This technological solution ensures independence from the data transfer rate and the stability of the communication connection with significant survey filling time. The conducted survey benefited the service of education psychologists under the federal Ministry of Education. School psychologists consciously took part in the survey, realizing the importance of their opinion for organizing and improving their professional activities. The desire to answer open-ended questions in detail created a part of the answers in the dataset, where there were several sentences about different aspects of professional activity. An important challenge of the problem is the Russian language, for which there are not as many tools as for the languages more widespread in the world. The survey involved 20,443 school psychologists from all regions of the Russian Federation, both from urban and rural areas. The answers did not contain spam, runaround answers, and so on as evidenced by the average response time. For the surveys, an authoring development tool DigitalPsyTools.ru was used.
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VOZNYAK, Halyna, and Khrystyna PATYTSKA. "FINANCES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SPREADING PANDEMIC: PROBLEM-ORIENTED ANALYSIS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS." Economy of Ukraine 2021, no. 6 (June 22, 2021): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.06.078.
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It is shown that the pandemic in Ukraine has caused new challenges and increased the risks to the sustainable progress of territorial communities, and quarantine measures have deepened the negative trends in strengthening of their financial capacity. The processes of formation and use of financial resources of territorial communities of Ukraine in the conditions of a pandemic are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the COVID-19 crisis at the local level (asymmetric impact on the development of territories, negative financial and economic effects, uncertainty in financial and management decisions). The tendencies of pandemic influence on financial indicators of territorial communities in the context of selected groups (cities of regional significance, urban, settlement and rural territorial communities) are revealed: reduction of financial support of local budgets from the state budget, slowdown of growth of tax revenues on basic taxes; reduction of financial resources to ensure the economic development of territories, etc. Problems that negatively affect the strengthening of financial capacity of communities are identified, including: lack of vertical coordination and coordination of actions of public authorities and local governments in addressing the effects of the pandemic and ensuring the development of territories; unsystematic nature of the reaction of local authorities to the crisis; excessive orientation of local governments to finance social expenditures and delegated powers while reducing the amount of economic direction; low communication of local governments with residents of communities (especially rural) in the conditions of remote work. The influence of cognitive, social and psychological factors on decision-making is proved, which is peculiar both to individuals and groups of persons in the part of: substantiation of non-systemic character and short-term perspective of reaction of governing bodies of different levels to the crisis; underemployment of hired workers; establishing systematic communication between the authorities and residents; formation of effective mechanisms of interaction and support of citizens taking into account behavioral representations of people.
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������� and Irina Ivanova. "Conceptual View to the Nature of Planning of Younger School Students� Extracurricular Activity in Conditions of the Mastering of Federal State Educational Standard of Primary Education." Standards and Monitoring in Education 3, no. 2 (April 17, 2015): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11211.
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Due to the modernization of education system, one of the most important task of educational organizations is to assist in the process of human selfactualization
and self-development. According to the Federal state brand-new educational standard , to the �Law on Education in Russia�, and to the
national educational initiative �Our new school�, the emphasis in educational practice is gradually shifts towards support for the formation of the
personality of the individual, of his capacity for self-realization.
As one of the conditions that can provide self-development of students in modern-term educational practice supports extracurricular activities, which
today has a special role in the development and education of the younger generation. According to information on launch of FSES of primary education,
extracurricular activities should be understood as educational activities carried out in the forms of non-class-lesson, and aimed at achieving the
expected results of development of the basic educational program of primary education.
The article presents the author´s vision of constructing models, that is to support self-development of students in extracurricular activities in the development
of the FSES of primary general education in rural schools. The model is based on the principles of flexibility, variability, individualization, creative
interaction of all participants of the educational process, and is to pay attention on individual characteristics of students and accept the regional features
of educational environment of rural schools. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the structural components of the model, the conditions of its realization in educational practice. The structural
model consists of three units: methodical, informational and psycho-pedagogical, their implementation relies are based on the adequate mechanisms
for psychological and pedagogical support of students (active basis of claims for recognition of motifs in the hierarchical subordination ,domination
of moral norms , the motive of self-acceptance and the desire for self-development, prevention and correction of negative psychological formations.
An important aspect of the model is to provide the author´s technology-monitoring measurements of the results of its operations on each structural unit
(methodical, psychological and pedagogical, informational).
The proposed model of self-support of students in extracurricular activities in the development of the FSES of primary general education in rural schools,
can be widely used in the regional educational practice in the context of the organization of extracurricular activities of younger students.
Currently testing model is performed on the basis of rural schools of Yukhnovskiy area of the Kaluga region. The study is conducted with the financial
support of the Government of RHF and the Kaluga region, the project �14-16-40007 a (r).
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Chanakya C and Padmashri P. "Indications and Prevalence of Hysterectomy for Benign Conditions at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural South India–A Descriptive Study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 1788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4379.
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This study aims to assess the indications and prevalence often various types of hysterectomy done for benign diseases. It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam. Data about the hysterectomies done for benign conditions were obtained from January 2019 till December 2019 from the in-hospital medical registry. Demographics, presenting complaints, indications, history, type of hysterectomy and complications were analysed. Amongst the two hundred (200) cases of hysterectomy performed in the year 2019, total abdominal hysterectomy (69%) was the most standard type and Leiomyoma uterus (73.5%) being the most common indication. Bilateral Salphingo-Oophorectomy (55%) was done in most patients, along with hysterectomy. Due to the advent of safer surgical practices, the extent of complications have drastically reduced, excessive bleeding (13.5%) being the most common, surgical site infection (1.5%) and bladder injury (1.5%) were recorded. This study demonstrates that though the incidence of hysterectomy done for benign conditions is decreasing with increasing popularity to go for medical management, women in rural India are still opting for surgical management. This necessitates the need for studies to analyse the psychological aspect governing the acceptance of surgical management in preference to conservative management in these rural women.
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Prokopiv, Liubov. "FEATURES OF USING METHODS AND FORMS OF THE TEACHING ORGANIZATION IN A SMALL SCHOOL (2ND HALF OF 20TH CENTURY) AND THEIR IMPROVEMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS." Mountain School of Ukrainian Carpaty, no. 19 (November 27, 2018): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/msuc.2018.19.26-31.
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This article is about methods and forms of organization of training in a small school. The problem is actualized in the context of the adopted strategy for modernizing general secondary education, namely the Concept of the New Ukrainian School, in accordance with which the restructuring of the educational sector is being carried out in the rural areas as well. The purpose of the article is to identify features of using methods and forms of teaching organization in a small school (2nd half of the 20th century) and effective methods and forms of teaching organization at the present stage. The article has the following tasks: to describe the methods of teaching organization in a small school in accordance with the selected stages; to specify the basic forms of teaching organization in small schools of the studied period; to identify the effective aspects of implementing the partnership pedagogy in the Carpathian educational space.
In order tosolve the research tasks, the following theoretical methods were used: analysis and systematization of psychological, pedagogical and methodical literature; analysis of archival, sources sociological surveys, questionnaires and interviews
The author conducted questionnaires, surveys and interviews confirmed the effectiveness of the innovative teaching methods selected for implementation in the operation of a small school.
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Rusilanti, Rusilanti, Clara Meliyanti Kusharto, and Ekawati S. Wahyuni. "ASPEK PSIKOSOSIAL, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN KONSUMSI MAKANAN LANSIA DI MASYRAKAT." Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 1, no. 2 (July 16, 2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2006.1.2.1-7.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.6pt .0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">This research attempts to analyze psychosocial aspect, physical activity, and food consumption of the elderly living in the community dwelling. Research locations were chosen purposively in three </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">POSBINDU (The Services Post for Elderly) located at areal of Bogor City, namely: Kelurahan Budi Agung (represents city-high income society), Kelurahan Baranangsiang (city-moderate to low society), and Kelurahan Situ Gede (boundary between city to rural-low income society). A simple random sampling was applied to select the subjects. One hundred ninety-seven (197) subjects aged range 60-85 years old (mean age 68.4 years) were selected in those places and completed the survey between August 2004-July 2006. A cross –sectional design and one point approach was followed (Si</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">ngarimbun & Effendi, 1995). A<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">structured questionnaire was developed to collect data about psychological aspects (family and community support; health behavior; level of depression; life satisfaction), and food consumption limited to some nutrients essensial for elderly. For physical activity assessment, each subject rated his/her capacity involved in housekeeping. A descriptive, Chi Square, One Way ANOVA and Tuckey tests were applied to analyze the data. The research results showed that there is no significance difference among elderly in three sites in terms of psychological aspect. However, there are significance differences in health behavior and physical activity. The worst health behavior and physical activity conditions were found among elderly in </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">Kelurahan Situ Gede caused by the social-economic differences. In terms of food consumption aspects, the significance differences exist in intake of vitamin A, vitamin B, and calcium among the subjects.</span></p>
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Sharma, Sanjeev K., Atul K. Singh, Dharmendra K. Gupta, Shashi Saxena, Meenakshi Singh, and Shyam B. Gupta. "Impact of socio-demographic variables and morbid conditions on general health component of perceived health using SF-36 form." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191451.
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Background: Perceived health (PH) is a subjective assessment of the health and it is a strong, independent and reliable predictor of morbidity, mortality. It includes so many aspects that are difficult to capture clinically such as incipient disease, physiological, psychological reserves. We assessed the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), co-morbidity and other associated factors on the general health (GH) dimension of the PH of the patients attending the outpatient department (OPD), Inpatient department (IPD), rural health training centre (RHTC) and urban health training centre (UHTC) of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS, IMS), Bareilly.Methods: PH status of the patients was assessed by the GH dimension of the physical component summary of PH using the 36-Items short form health survey (SF-36).Results: The impact of morbidity deteriorate the GH score but hypertensive patients scored poor results as compared to those with DM and comorbid patients (p>0.05). Age was inversely related with GH scores but male gender, higher education (p<0.05) and good occupation were all associated with higher GH score. There was not much influence of geographical area on the GH scores but urban score slightly better and the association was insignificant (p>0.05).Conclusions: Male young patients from urban area, educated and good job performed better score for GH and association was significant for education and occupation. The presence of morbidity and co-morbid condition deteriorate the GH of the patients. The impact of various socio-demographic factors on the PH status was also evident in the study.
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Loyola-Sanchez, Adalberto, Julie Richardson, Ingris Pelaez-Ballestas, Jose Alvarez-Nemegyei, John N. Lavis, Michael G. Wilson, and Seanne Wilkins. "Physical Function Assessment of a Mayan Population Living With Osteoarthritis: The Importance of Considering Different Aspects of Functioning." Rehabilitation Process and Outcome 6 (January 1, 2017): 117957271771543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179572717715433.
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Objectives: To assess the physical function of people living with osteoarthritis in a Maya-Yucateco rural community from 3 perspectives and explore factors associated with the presence of disability. Design: Physical function and social, physical, psychological, and behavioral factors were evaluated in all adults detected with hand, hip, and/or knee osteoarthritis (n = 144) through a Community-Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases–based census in the Mayan community of Chankom, Yucatán. All cases fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Physical function was assessed from 3 perspectives: hypothetical or “what people think they can do” (Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index [HAQ-DI]), experimental or “what people could do in standardized conditions” (6-minute walk test [6MWT] + the Functional Dexterity Test) and enacted or “what people actually do” (personal care, work, and leisure activities’ self-report). Results: About 80% of participants reported “mild” disability (HAQ-DI ≤ 1) in the hypothetical function perspective, whereas average experimental function scores were low (6MWT: 206 m, Functional Dexterity Test: 64 seconds), and 78% of participants reported problems with enacted function (ie, work). Pain was significantly associated with disability in the hypothetical perspective (odds ratio [OR] = 3 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1-4]); levels of wealth (β = 5 [95% CI: 1-9]) and muscle strength (β = 54 [95% CI: 20-87]) were significantly associated with functioning in the experimental perspective; and lower levels of self-efficacy (OR = 12 [95% CI: 6-27]) and physical activity (OR = 12 [95% CI: 6-27]) were significantly associated with work disability in the enacted function perspective. Conclusions: People living with osteoarthritis in Chankom show important issues when assessing physical function at the experimental and enacted perspectives, which could have been overlooked if only the hypothetical perspective was considered. Different factors were associated with different physical function perspectives and all should be addressed to decrease disability in this community.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural conditions Psychological aspects"
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Sully, Preis Max. "The meaning of work in a developing society a rural South African study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002575.
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The primary aim of this thesis is to explore, at a psychological level, the meaning of work in a rural developing society context. Additional aims comprise: the examination of distinctions in the meaning of work between different occupational niches; and the development of an appropriate conceptual and methodological approach for understanding meaning of work issues in developing society contexts. The research was conducted in the Keiskammahoek district situated in Ciskei, a South African homeland area. Demographically, the area comprises farms, small rural villages and one small town. It has traditionally fulfilled the role of a labour reserve, and the local economy largely depends on income generated through migrant labour. The population predominantly comprises indigenous Xhosa speakers, although a few whites, individuals of mixed racial origin and other ethnic groups are represented. In order to accommodate the diversity of work experience in rural society, an approach was adopted which relied on the participants' subjective definition of work. A conscious attempt was made to avoid defining work exclusively as remunerated employment. At a metatheoretical level, the meaning of work model used is grounded in Kelly's (1955) Personal Construct Theory. It comprises three facets, namely process, context and content. A multiple case study analysis was carried design was used, through to a in which nomothetic idiographic level of understanding. The primary' research instrument comprised an interview, in which data was derived from life-history material, a repertory grid, and focused interview questions. In the development of case studies, a process of triangulation was used to link the three sources of data. The thesis explores the relationship between participants and their work in several ways. First, it looks at how work and non-work are constituted and related to one another, and at how personally valuable work is contrasted to less valuable work. Second, it explores the relationship between the individual's orientation to work and their life and occupational context. Finally, it discusses the proposal that work meanings change and evolve with the development of the individual, and with shifts in social and historical circumstance.
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Njwambe, Avela Thandisiwe. "Essence of home: relevance of home and the assertion of place amongst Centane migrants, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51866.
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South Africa is currently experiencing ever-increasing rural-urban migration with many citizens from the former homeland areas migrating to cities to seek employment. Despite long-term residence in urban areas, many township dwellers do not consider these places to be home. Research into circular migration patterns reveal the lifelong relationships that migrants (amagoduka) have with their family home (ekhayeni). This study aimed to explore this relationship, looking in particular at the meanings imbued in the locality of home. In addition, the role of natural landscapes and social components in constructing meanings and attachments to ekhayeni for Xhosa-speaking migrants in Cape Town townships, who have family linkages to rural villages in the Transkei, was also explored. The study found that the landscape of home remains central to migrants’ cultural identity, belonging and well-being. Childhood experiences in nature, and cultural and recreational activities that continue to take rural inhabitants into these landscapes, remain key to this relationship. The rural area, as a geographical entity embodied with social and cultural/spiritual components continued to supply and satisfy many human needs for migrants, which were seen as crucial for psychological, mental and spiritual well-being.
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Magane, Melidah Sekgena. "Father absence : psychological experiences of black rural adolescents." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27706.
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Edwards, Lynn. "Needs, problems and stress of rural cancer patients : an interpretation according to the biomatrix theory." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17073.
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Bibliography: pages 119-139.The purpose of this study was to identify the needs and problems that were experienced by rural cancer patients and to investigate the level of emotional stress that they reported. A further purpose was to interpret the main findings of the study according to the Biomatrix Theory. 496 Cancer patients who lived in rural areas of the Western Cape and 140 urban cancer patients were interviewed. The urban cancer patients formed a control group for comparison of the stress data. In order to consider the needs and problems of rural cancer patients from a widespread area, stratified random sampling of magisterial districts was applied and an attempt was made to interview all cancer patients who were living in each of the 21 magisterial districts sampled. Data on needs and problems were collected by use of a questionnaire, and the stress data was collected by administering a modified format of the Stress Evaluation Inventory (SEI). The findings of this study revealed that financial difficulties were the most frequently reported problem while transport difficulties and frustration of emotional support needs were also frequently reported. Patients who reported experiencing these problems also reported statistically significantly higher stress according to the SEI than those who did not.
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Fawcett, Debra L. "AIDS attitudinal comparison between urban and rural perioperative registered nurses." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834609.
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is primarily identified as a metropolitan disease. However, it has suggested that the Centers for Disease Control may underestimate the prevalence of AIDS in the population of higher socioeconomic status, overstate the relative prevalence of AIDS in the minorities, and understate the prevalence of the disease in the Midwest (Laumann, Gagnon, Michaels, Michael, & Coleman, 1989). The problem addressed in this study was to determine whether groups of urban and rural perioperative registered nurses differ in their attitudes of tolerance toward AIDS patients. The attitudes of rural and urban perioperative nurses were examined in a comparative descriptive design. It is important to identify nurses' attitudes toward AIDS patients because nurses must interact with AIDS patients on an increasing basis.Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) Theory of Cognitive Emotion was used for the framework. A convenience sample of 77 perioperative registered nurses was obtained for the study. Five midwestern hospitals were used to collect the data. Two urban hospitals and three rural hospitals were used as collection sites. The AIDS Attitudes Scale (AAS) was used as the tool to collect the data (Shrum, Turner, and Bruce, 1989). The AAS consists of a fifty-four item questionnaire designed to measure attitudinal tolerance towards the AIDS patient. Validity and reliability of the tool were established with a resulting reliability score of .94.Findings revealed significant differences among urban and rural perioperative registered nurses in attitudes toward AIDS patients (p=.0387), with urban perioperative nurses being more tolerant of AIDS patients. Item-by-item analysis indicated that although urban perioperative nurses were more tolerant, an urban perioperative nurse would be more uncomfortable around a patient with AIDS (p=.0082). However, more rural perioperative nurses indicated that they would move out if a roommate had AIDS (p=.0030). Rural perioperative nurses indicated more often that no one deserved to have a disease like AIDS (p=.0057). Demographic profiles of registered perioperative nurses demonstrated similar backgrounds in relation to age, educational level, and gender.Conclusions of this study indicated urban perioperative registered nurses hold more tolerant attitudes toward HIV/AIDS patients than do rural perioperative registered nurses.School of Nursing
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Lynch, James Alan. "Mystery in the landscape : procedures for assessing and mapping mystery in a rural landscape." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/543780.
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Over the last two decades, researchers in landscape perception research have responded to the problem of preserving landscape scenery by examining issues of landscape management, planning and design in a number of countries. One of the underlying problems encountered over this period of time has been a lack of landscape perception theories essential to development of an integrated approach to assessing and mapping scenic value. The "Information Processing Model" proposed by Kaplan and Kaplan (1982) has received a considerable amount of attention in application of a theoretical model for landscape assessment. It describes concepts related to cognitive processes which provide an objective, analytical basis for understanding observers' preference for landscape scenery. In a Pioneering research effort, Brown and Itami (1982) used this theory as a basis for assessing and mapping scenic quality.However, the one component not successfully incorporated into the model has been mystery. Research has continued to reveal the underlying structure of the mystery attribute. This study looks at validating a refined definition of the mystery component of the Kaplan Model and develops a quantitative procedure based upon physical landscape characteristics and inherent landscape composition classes for predicting and mapping this mystery attribute, in the rural Indiana landscape. This study utilizes MultiDimensional Scaling to test the mystery component of the Kaplans' model and to confirm the dimensions of the mystery model as proposed by Gimblett and Fitzgibbon (1987). Ninety color slides of rural landscape scenery were presented to 26 respondents who rated each photograph on a five point scale for mystery. The selecticn of the mappable variables used to describe the four variables of mystery and landscape composition classes were based on the relationships of the mystery variables to the prediction of mystery in the study. The predictive model developed in this study incorporates land form and land use measures and each were assessed and combined to derive composite ratings of mystery. These groups were normalized and weighted in relationship to each other in order to derive composite values of mystery which then were mapped. The results of this research strongly theoretical model yet has the capability to be spatially illustrate a clearer understanding of the variables contributing to the perception of mystery and reveals a comprehensive procedure for assessing and mapping mystery. Finally, this research strongly supports the Kaplan and Kaplan (1982) conceptual model as a reliable, comprehensive mapped and utilized by researchers and practioners in the overall quest for determining scenic quality for landscape preservation and management practices.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Houdeingar, Ngarimaden. "Aspects juridiques du developpement agricole en afrique noire." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT4002.
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Dans la mesure ou 60 a 80 pour cent de la population des pays d'afrique noire depend de l'agriculture, c'est dans le secteur agricole qu'il faut rechercher les causes du sous-developpement et, partant, les moyens du developpement. Pour une tres grande part, l'activite agricole est, dans ces pays dans la mouvance des institutions coutumieres. Le droit foncier, le droit de la famille, les normes commerciales, en fait tout ce qui constitue la vie sociale, sont regis par un ensemble de traditions toujours en vigueur dans les societes paysannes. L'importance des structures agraires traditionnelles est, dans les pays concernes d'une telle dimension qu'aucun gouvernement ne peut en occulter l'examen. Aucune reforme ou creation legislative ne peut etre entreprise sans une etude approfondie des coutumes et une evaluation exacte des besoins, faute de quoi le droit nouveau risque de se reveler tout a fait inadapte a la realite sociale. Nombre de pays africains ont cherche a contourner cette difficulte en voulant realiser a la fois une agriculture industrialisee de type moderne et promouvoir des exploitations familiales traditionnelles. Ces deux options ont ete poursuivies simultanement et c'est ce qui explique en partie l'absence de choix definitif en matiere fonciere. Actuellement dans les pays d'afrique, le paysan connait deux existences juridiques ; celle dictee par le respect des traditions et celle repondant aux sollicitations de la vie moderne qui vise a integrer la production agricole dans les circuits economiques. Malgre les reformes de structures d'exploitation, de transformation et de commercialisation de la production et les mesures visant a assurer la promotion (enseignement, formation, vulgarisation, animation, etc. . . ) et la defense des agriculteurs (protection sociale, reglementation du travail agricole), le passage de l'agriculture de subsistance (reposant sur le droit coutumier) a l'agriculture moderne (fondee sur un type de relation juridique plus moderne) est encore loin d'etre realiseAs sixty to eighty per cent of the black african population depends directly on agriculture, it is in the agricultural sector we must look for the causes of under development, and, in effect, the means towards development. For a large part, agricultural activities in these countries depend on the traditional institutions. Land law, family laws, commercials rules in fact, all that constitutes social life, are subjected to an harmonious group of traditions, always in practice within the rural societies. The importance of the traditional agricultural structures has in the respected countries taken such dimension that no government can undustionate the study. No reforms or legislative initiative can be undertaken without a profound study of the customs and an exact evaluation of the needs, otherwise the new laws will be totally inadapted to the social reality. Many africans countries has tried to solve this difficulty in trying to realize both a modern industrialised agriculture and to promote at the same time a traditional family cultivation. These two options have been pursued simultaneously and this explains partly the absence of a definite choice in matter relating to land. Today in african countries, the peasant experiences two legal existences. The one dictated by the respect of traditions and the other answering the requests of the modern life which aim to integrate the agricultural production in the economic network. Despite of the reforms on farming concerns, transformation, commercialization of the production and the measures aiming to assure the promotion (teaching, training, popularization and animation etc. . . ) and the defense of farmers (social welfare, regulation of the agricultural work), the changing from an agricultural of subsistence based on the custom law) to a modern agriculture (founded on a type of legal relation more modern) is far from being achieved
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Sun, Yanshu. "Media exposure, self and fashion clothing involvement of Chinese young people: analyses of effect models." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/15.
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This study develops a complicated analysis model to explore more understanding for fashion communication in Confucian culture background, especially for the latest Chinese fashion. The current study examines theoretical connections between media exposure, some psychological and social variables and fashion clothing involvement in Chinese society within a predictive framework. To better understand the relations between these psychological factors, social norms and fashion clothing involvement, this study also explores several effect models, such as moderation effect, mediation effect and mediated moderation effect. Two studies were conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methods. In the first study, the author collected data through a random sampling survey. To cross-validate the survey findings, a second study adopting the method of group interviews was conducted. Results indicate that fashion clothing involvement is a function of exposing to the media, achievement lifestyle, perception of success, peer influence, cognitive dissonance reduction, and comparing with others. The results also indicate the complicated relations, such as, lifestyle factor moderates the tie between media exposure and fashion clothing involvement; social comparison processes mediates the relationship between media exposure and fashion clothing involvement; self-discrepancy also influences the relationship as a moderator; notably, social comparison mediates the moderation effect from self-discrepancy. Individuals with high levels of self-discrepancy experience more negative emotion from comparing to thin-ideal image in fashion media than those with low levels. Another finding is that traditional media, particularly magazines, are as strong in explanatory power as new media (e.g. website) in the model of fashion communication. Theoretical implications of this study provide an advance in understanding the mechanisms underlying internalization and the use of social norms, furthermore, develop the knowledge of self related theories.
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Van, der Riet Mary Boudine. "Mediation and the nature of cognitive socialization in the crèche and the home in a black rural context." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002586.
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This thesis examines socialization in the homes and crèches of a rural area in a time of change. Change which is controlled and initiated from outside the local context, creates a dilemma for socialization agents when it introduces a knowledge paradigm different from that operating locally. Rural South African communities frequently experience exogenous change. The introduction of rural preschools, locally known as crèches, provides one example of such change challenging local socialization agents. While rural residents may not operate within knowledge paradigms to deal effectively with such change, they are not necessarily defeated by it. They "grapple" with the uncertainty, developing ways of coping and containing the change. This forms the focus of this thesis. Vygotsky's concept of mediation and conceptualization of the individual/society relationship, informs the examination of "grappling" with change. Two central questions are addressed: In an unfamiliar situation, what is mediated and what resources are drawn on? The research was designed around the recognition of the process nature of research, the constructivism inherent in research and the significance of the social context. Two central mediators, the mother and the crèche teacher, and the broader social context of the home and the creche, were examined. Three levels of investigation were utilised. An analysis of mediation in dyads working on an unfamiliar task provided insight into the social/psychological dynamics. Interviews with residents highlighted socialization beliefs and practices and the social context. Analysis of verses and stories taught to children revealed the inherent ideology of socialization. The main findings of this study are that: Rural residents "grapple" with social change by drawing on their own resources; in "grappling" with the unfamiliar what is mediated is an adult/child interactional status based on the inherent ideology of socialization and the dominant resource drawn on is the "culture of orality". It is argued that in the situation of neither mastery nor defeat, rural residents have used intermediary strategies of coping and containing the effect of the preschool as an agent of exogenous, social change. Recommendations are made for integrating "socialized" and "learned" knowledge from the home and the crèche.
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Mudau, Tshinanne. "Age, gender and religiosity as correlates of death anxiety in a rural African context." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/741.
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Thesis ( M.A. (Research psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2012This study sought to investigate the relationship of death anxiety to age, gender and religiosity among Africans in a rural South African context. Two hundred participants completed a questionnaire based on demographic variables, death anxiety scales, and a measure of religiosity Results revealed that intrinsic religious motivation was inversely related to all types of death anxiety measured. Furthermore, age was correlated with death anxiety, such that the experience of death anxiety tended to decrease among older subjects. However, there were no gender effects on the experience of death anxiety.
Books on the topic "Rural conditions Psychological aspects"
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Cong sheng cun fang shi bian ge kan dai fa zhan: Xi bu sheng cun fang shi bian ge yu zi wo fa zhan neng li yan jiu = Cng shengcun fangshibiange kandai fazhan : Xibu shengcun fangshi biange yu ziwo fazhan nengli yanjiu. Chongqing: Chongqing chu ban she, 2007.
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Biswas, S. N. What brings satisfication to rural life?: Analysis of personal and social factors of life satisfaction. Anand: Institute of Rural Management, 2015.
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H, Elder Glen, ed. Families in troubled times: Adapting to change in rural America. New York: A. de Gruyter, 1994.
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Progress without loss of soul: Toward a wholistic approach to modernization planning. Wilmette, Ill: Chiron Publications, 1989.
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A slave's place, a master's world: Fashioning dependency in rural Brazil. London: Continuum, 2000.
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Noodlers in Missouri: Fishing for identity in a rural subculture. Kirksville, Mo: Truman State University Press, 2012.
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1946-, Beaton Elizabeth, ed. Connecting the dots: Social and scientific perspectives on agriculture and rural life in Atlantic Canada. Sydney, N.S: Cape Breton University Press, 2009.
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Nation and religion: The politics of commemorations in south-east Poland. Münster: Lit, 2008.
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Cities. Halifax, [N.S.] ; Winnipeg: Fernwood Pub., 2007.
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K, Sharma A. Developing the underdeveloped: A socio-psychological study. New Delhi: Northern Book Centre, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Rural conditions Psychological aspects"
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Abdi, Ali Mohamed, Andrew Arewa, and Mark Tyrer. "Fuel Poverty and Health Implications of Elderly People Living in the UK." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 241–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_30.
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AbstractFuel poverty is widely recognised as distinct form of injustice and social inequality and a front burner issue in the last three decades in the UK. The crisis affects 4.5 million households in the UK, and it is a major high-risk contributor to health of elderly people (NEA in Effects of Living in Fuel Poverty, NEA.ORG, London, 2020, [1]). Thus, the consequences of fuel poverty range from psychological stress, worry and isolation to serious health conditions such as respiratory and circulatory diseases. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of fuel poverty on reoccurring health risks of elderly people. The study adopted quantitative research methods with participants drawn from West Midlands region of England - UK; an area with high population of elderly people, carers, health professionals and energy professionals. Findings from the survey indicate that fuel poverty is one of the major aspects that contributes to health implications among elderly people in the UK.
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Turk, Jeremy, Philip Graham, and Frank C. Verhulst. "Psychological aspects of specific physical conditions." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 341–96. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199216697.003.0008.
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Reiner, William G. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF GENITOURINARY CONDITIONS." In Pediatric Urology, 512–18. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-3204-5.00039-6.
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Kanzychakova, Nadezhda Germanovna. "Rural migration: a strategy for socio-psychological adaptation to urban conditions." In Sociology and Society: Traditions and Innovations in the Social Development of Regions, 2196–99. Russian Society Of Sociologists of FCTAS RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/kongress.2020.263.
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Vovchenko, Olena. "ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WORLD INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT." In SOCIETY DEVELOPMENT: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS, 322–40. KROK Univerdity, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31732/sd-322.
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Loiko, Valeriia. "ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF BANKING SERVICES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE BANKING SYSTEM." In SOCIETY DEVELOPMENT: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS, 44–53. KROK Univerdity, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31732/sd-44.
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Badashkeev, Mikhail Valerevich. "Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie usloviia lichnostnogo samoopredeleniia sel'skikh shkol'nikov." In Psychological and Pedagogical Conditions for Self-Determination in Rural School Students. Publishing house Sreda, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-64091.
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Boyce, William, Sarita Verma, Nomusa Mngoma, and Emily Boyce. "An Institutional Analysis of Access to GBV/HIV Services in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." In Social and Psychological Aspects of HIV/AIDS and their Ramifications. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/20862.
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Ivolga, Anna. "Rural Tourism in Transitional Russia's Economics." In Green Economic Structures in Modern Business and Society, 219–38. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8219-1.ch012.
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This chapter assesses the potential of rural tourism in Russia, addresses such threats to sustainable rural development as unemployment and depopulation, and substantiates the practicality of diversification of traditional rural sources of income by means of tourism and other alternative activities. The system approach is utilized, which envisages systematization and stocktaking of various aspects of sustainable development: available resources, economic conditions of agricultural production, market capacity and demand for agricultural commodities and food, employment and social issues, environmental conditions, and alternative sources of income for rural inhabitants.
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Vicente Martínez-Quiñones, José, Mar Martínez Gamarra, and Ignacio Jáuregui-Lobera. "Psychosomatic Approach to Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Medical, Psychological, and Social Aspects." In Psychosomatic Medicine. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91768.
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Management of patients who describe chronic pain all over the body, associated with a range of symptoms as sleep disturbance, overwhelming fatigue, alteration in mood, or psychological distress that worsens the quality of life, is often complex and challenging. This syndrome has been named by terms such as “neurasthenia,” “fibrositis,” and “fibromyalgia”. At the present time, fibromyalgia is considered the most common central sensitivity syndrome, affecting over 5% of the population, being often observed in people with rheumatic conditions. While typically presenting in middle-aged women, fibromyalgia can affect both sexes at any age. The causes of fibromyalgia remain unknown. Significant research findings have focused on dysfunction of central pain processing, with defects in the ascending and descending pain pathways leading to increased pain perception. There are two methods used in the diagnosis of fibromyalgia: criteria-based diagnosis and clinical diagnosis. Although fibromyalgia defies definitively efficacious management, much evidence underlies the importance of treating the psychological factors that affect pain management process. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a psychosomatic approach to fibromyalgia from three points of view of processing: the viewpoint of the medical profession, the position of the psychologist, and finally the way of thinking of people.
Conference papers on the topic "Rural conditions Psychological aspects"
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ATKOČIŪNIENĖ, Vilma, and Shaik Ilyas MOHAMMED. "PARTICULARITIES OF AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BLACK FOREST: CLIMATE CHANGE AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.239.
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The current European Union’s and state agricultural support is more focused on the modernization of farms in technological terms, coupled with the intensification of production, and weakly focused on the farm exclusivity and diversification. This creates a minor motivation for farmers to address the issues related to climate change mitigation. The main attention in the article is concentrated on two themes: climate change and forest management. The main research methods were used: analysis and generalization of scientific literature, interview, logical and systematically reasoning, comparison, abstracts and other methods. The farms in the lower mountain ranges of Germany will change different climate conditions analyzed in the 2017 summer. Sustainable framing wide term in black forest, forest lands, organic farms, are depending or considering the climate cycles. In economic social conditions of Germany, black forest farming is so sensitive towards ancient methods of farming and their equations with the current environment. In simple terms, black forest sustainable framing is farming ecological by promoting methods and practices that are economically viable. It does not only particular about economic aspects of farming perhaps on the use of non-renewable factors in the process of thoughtful and effective farming. Agriculture land of Black Forest contributes to the nutrient and healthy food to reach high standard of living of the black forest society.
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Kopecký, Marek, Jaroslav Bernas, Ladislav Kolář, and Pavlína Hloucalová. "MONITORING OF ENERGY GAIN AND EROSION PROTECTION OF CORN AND TALL WHEATGRASS CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.084.
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With the growing energy demand of the society and the increased requirements for ecological aspects of obtaining and utilizing energies, renewable energy sources have been getting to the forefront. In the conditions of Central Europe, transformation of biomass to biogas through anaerobic digestion appears to be promising. The article describes the results of a field experiment carried out in an experimental site of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice (South Bohemia, Czech Republic). The goal of the article is to compare the conventionally grown corn (Zea mays L., hybrid Simao), the areas of which have increased considerably as a result of the development of biogas stations, and the alternative perennial grass called tall wheatgrass (Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1), which is, according to the literature, well positioned to replace corn. The harvests of the plants took place in 2013-2015, and tall wheatgrass was cut twice per season. A number of aspects – dry phytomass yield, specific methane yield and hectare methane yield – were monitored. In addition, the long-term soil loss by water erosion was calculated through the Universal Soil Loss Equation for both species of energy crops. In terms of yield parameters and methane production, better results were achieved by corn, given the average energy gain 238 GJ·ha-1 as compared to 126 GJ·ha-1 for tall wheatgrass. The protection of the soil surface from water erosion by corn appears to be insufficient and, in this criterion, it absolutely lags behind the anti-erosion abilities of tall wheatgrass, which protects soil incomparably better.
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KRIAUČIŪNAITĖ-NEKLEJONOVIENĖ, Vilma, Vaiva STRAVINSKIENĖ, Rimanta CIBULSKAITĖ, and Donatas REKUS. "THE ASPECTS AND BENEFITS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT MEASURE AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.108.
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It is planned to ensure the balanced development of the country's territory, creating and maintaining a healthy and harmonious human habitat and natural elements of the countryside and ensuring overall ecological stability by means of the agri-environmental protection activity measures RDP. As part of the EU's rural development policy, the tool for improving agri-environmental and climatic conditions has been continuously improved. The paper analyzes the differences between the 2007 -2013 RDP measure „Agri-environmental payments” and 2014-2020 RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate". Comparison of the 4 directions of the 2007-2013 and 2014-2020 RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate" according to the individual criteria for each direction indicate that the program rules are adjusted in a beneficial direction for both parties in close cooperation between the responsible authorities and the beneficiaries. In 2007-2013 it has been established that RDP measure "Agri-environmental payments" covered a much wider range of directions, and in 2014-2020, the RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate" had a slightly narrower range of directions, but more specific and clearer rules. However, the desired results can not be achieved. The greatest benefit of the measure is the improved biodiversity of the country. The main driving force for agri-environmental measures is financial support.
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Shayakhmetova, L. A., A. I. Pevneva, and А. V. Chernov. "Socio-psychological aspects of self-regulation of cognitive states in educational activity." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.326.337.
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The article considers the problem of the effectiveness of self-regulation of cognitive states, due to various socio-psychological factors. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the concept of self-regulation of mental states A. O. Prokhorov. In previous studies, various aspects of the self-regulation of cognitive states were touched, however, the socio-psychological factors of self-regulation of cognitive states remain practically unstudied. The purpose of the study: to identify the role of the psychological climate in determining the effectiveness of self-regulation of cognitive conditions of students in everyday learning activities. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: 1. Test for determining the index of group cohesion K. E. Sisora. 2. Methodology for assessing the microclimate of a student group V. M. Zavyalova. 3. Methodology for the effectiveness of self-regulation of mental states A. O. Prokhorova and A. N. Nazarova. In addition, to determine the effectiveness of self-regulation of mental states, students were asked to identify and evaluate cognitive states that occurred at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the lecture. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in groups with an average level of favorable psychological climate prevailed interest and reflection. Students studying in groups with a low-favorable level of psychological climate are more likely to experience states of immunity and boredom. The greatest impact of the psychological climate in the group is affected by such aspects of self-regulation of conditions as physiological processes and behavior: their indicators were higher in groups with a higher level of psychological climate. Further, for a greater differentiation of data using factor analysis, various indicators of the psychological climate were identified: «mutual assistance and support», «security» and «business activity of the group». It has been established that the greatest influence among the identified factors on the effectiveness of self-regulation is exerted by the indicator «group business activity».
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ŁUCZKA, Władysława, and Joanna SMOLUK-SIKORSKA. "SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION – BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.134.
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The aim of the considerations is to define the essence of sustainable consumption as one of the conditions of the practical realisation of sustainable development concept. The paper underlines the importance of sustainable consumption implementation as well as its importance for the future development. The existence of narrow and broad understanding of sustainable consumption was indicated in the elaboration. In the first case, it concerns environmental aspects, whereas in the second, it covers three dimensions: economic, environmental and social ones. The authors also indicated the practices in fames of sustainable consumption on different levels, i.e. individuals, households and governmental ones. They considered different aspects of sustainable consumption, which is an alternative occurrence in relation to consumptionism and manifests itself in eco-consumption, collaborative consumption, deconsumption and responsible consumption. Nevertheless, sustainable consumption is on the margin of mainstream consumption processes. The elaboration also presents a number of factors and obstacles for realisation of the sustainable consumption, both on demand and supply side. First, it requires fundamental changes in value system, social awareness and consumer habits. The state should use particular tools (informational, legal, economic and financial ones) to enable realisation of the sustainable consumption concept.
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MALIENE, Vida, and Ruta DICIUNAITE-RAUKTIENE. "FACTORS INFLUENCING CITIES PEDESTRIAN STREET FUNCTIONALITY AND SUSTAINABLE LAND USE." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.052.
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The public space encourages social exchange, develops and maintains social groups and allows the exchange of public messages. When the public space and public life are not supported in the community, there is no one to communicate with, people become isolated, less inclined to help or support each other. Public space is the scene of public life that promotes a sense of community, sense of place, human connection and communication as well as dependence sensation. High-quality and well-managed public space is a benefit to the city's economy, creating shelter from the car-centred life and move to a more natural environment as well as significant urban land use. Therefore, in recent times, in order to establish the right conditions in cities for different human needs, great attention is paid not only to the development of physical infrastructure, but also to other aspects that will help to create sustainable balance of social, economic and environmental aspects. One of the quality of life in the city return ways is the release of urban spaces for pedestrians. Until these days the pedestrian zones are extended little by little, resulting in disposal of the car parking-lots and improved cycling and other transport facilities. Sustainable use of urban pedestrian zones would provide economic, social, environmental and cultural benefits only if these aspects are combined with each other. The aim of the article is to distinguish and critically analyse (on the basis of a literature review) factors influencing the functionality and sustainable development of pedestrian streets. Article object – cities pedestrian street. The study was conducted using scientific publishing content analysis and synthesis techniques. This article is an overview.
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KONIECZNA, Jadwiga, and Dariusz KONIECZNY. "CAUSES OF SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.127.
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Rural areas, defined as land outside towns, except industrial areas, account for over 93% of the area of Poland. They are attractive as a places of work, residence, leisure, as well as places where agricultural and non-agricultural business activities can be conducted. Agriculture is naturally associated with rural areas. Currently, apart from the agricultural function and (depending on the socioeconomic, natural or historical conditions) rural areas are also places of leisure, recreation, residence or industrial activities. This is a consequence of implementation of the concept of multi-functional development of rural areas, in which conditions are created for diverse business activities, while respecting environmental constraints. Such a multifunctional approach must take into account the interests of all parties to avoid spatial conflicts. Therefore, actions aimed at the development of rural areas should be based on an in-depth analysis of the value of the area under consideration, they should take into account natural conditions (soil, climate, terrain) of the land for conducting agricultural activities, but also take into account environmental, social and economic aspects. Objective and historical conditions affecting agriculture in Poland and the experience gained so far indicate that there is a need to change the spatial arrangement of agricultural areas. This is because of the characteristic features of agriculture in Poland, which include a disadvantageous structure of farms in terms of their area, small size of farms, insufficient technical infrastructure in villages and difficult soil conditions. Rural areas in Poland, including agriculture, are undergoing deep structural changes in regard to agricultural production, but also to farm size and layout, demographic and spatial structures as well as technical and social infrastructure. The changes taking place in rural areas in Poland are greatly affected by the Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union. As a member of the EU, Poland has been receiving aid since 2004 and has been implementing actions within Rural Development Programmes. The aim of this paper is to analyse the transformations that have been taking place in rural areas in Poland and to present selected factors and causes of the changes in rural spaces.
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KALINOWSKI, Sławomir, and Barbara KIEŁBASA. "RISK OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.044.
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This paper addresses the poverty risk issues in the context of sustainable development of rural areas. Empirical materials included in this paper are based on EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) partial studies, and provide a reference point for comparing the EU income distribution and social integration statistics. Poverty reduction and counteracting social exclusion are among the key Millennium Development Goals. According to studies, one in four inhabitants of EU rural areas is at risk of poverty or social exclusion. While the highest shares of at-risk population are recorded in Bulgaria (54.8%) and Romania (50.8%), the levels reported by Poland and Lithuania are also above the EU average (by 4.5 and 9.2 percentage points, respectively). At the other end of the spectrum, the risk rate in the Netherlands and Czech Republic is 12.8%. For the households, income is a factor underpinning their economic safety and, thus, their confidence. The amount of incomes affects the objective poverty levels measured with a parametric method. In the EU, persons earning no more than 60% of the national median income are assumed to be at risk of poverty. Therefore, the risk of poverty affects nearly every fifth inhabitant of EU rural areas. Poverty and social exclusion are multidimensional aspects which result in unmet needs in multiple areas: healthcare, education, housing, culture and leisure. While triggering some kind of feedback loop, insufficient incomes are both the cause and the effect of deprivation of needs. Also, they provide favorable conditions for an unsustainable development of rural areas.
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Chuykova, T. S. "Psychological resources of professional selfrealization of a teacher of a higher school under conditions of pre-employment." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.694.707.
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The article presents an analysis of psychological resources that are important for the productive professional implementation of university teachers in modern conditions of employment. These conditions are noted by such features as job insecurity, job intensification and flexibilization. As psychological resources, the author considers such complex phenomena as resilience, hardiness, personal potential, as well as more narrow personality characteristics: optimism, self-efficacy, mindfulness. As the conditions that help a person cope with stresses, the author’s attention turns to the physical and social aspects of a person’s life support in difficult life circumstances: physical fitness, the presence of social support. The author shows that these psychological characteristics, phenomena and conditions can be involved in the prevention of psychological, somatic and social consequences of experiencing job insecurity among teachers of higher education.
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ZIELIŃSKA-SZCZEPKOWSKA, Joanna, Izabela ZABIELSKA, and Roman KISIEL. "SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GROUPS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.053.
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The aim of the article was to characterize the aspects of social and economic conditions and circumstances for the establishment and operation of groups of agricultural producers in Poland. The discussion is theoretical. In the article the monographic method was used. The following issues were subsequently examined: the nature and status of groups of producers in Poland, the social capital of farmers, advantages and obstacles in the cooperation of agricultural farmers and financial aid opportunities under the Rural Development Programmes for 2007–2013 and 2014–2020. As the example, the model of agricultural producer groups functioning in Poland was described. The results of the consideration has broad spectrum. It follows from the analysis conducted that the reasons for creating groups of producers are economic benefits related to production on a higher scale and to achievement of synergies through acting together. They also include EU financial aid opportunities. The benefits are also of a social character and are related, among others, to farmers learning how to act together as well as to increased trust in cooperation. In spite of numerous benefits that may arise from acting together, there are also certain obstacles related to the level of knowledge or educational background of farmers, typical responses to change or lack of trust between organisation members. This is often an effect of negative past experiences connected with overall socialisation that affects post-communist nations.