Journal articles: 'Rural buildings'

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Arcidiacono, C., S. M. C. Porto, and G. Cascone. "Seismic Analysis of Traditional Stone Rural Buildings: Case study of a one-storey building." Informes de la Construcción 67, no. 537 (March 30, 2015): e053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.13.039.

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Zhu, Yiyun, Xiaona Fan, Changjiang Wang, and Guochen Sang. "Analysis of Heat Transfer and Thermal Environment in a Rural Residential Building for Addressing Energy Poverty." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2018): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112077.

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Reducing energy consumption and creating a comfortable thermal indoor environment in rural residential buildings can play a key role in fighting global warming in China. As a result of economic development, rural residents are building new houses and modernizing existing buildings. This paper investigated and analyzed a typical rural residential building in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwest China through field measurements and numerical simulation. The results showed that making full use of solar energy resources is an important way to improve the indoor temperature. Reasonable building layout and good thermal performance of the building envelope can reduce wind velocities and convective heat loss. Insulation materials and double-glazed windows should be used to reduce energy loss in new buildings, although it is an evolution process in creating thermally efficient buildings in rural China. This research provides a reference for the design and construction of rural residential buildings in Northwest China and similar areas for addressing energy poverty.

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Ruda, Gy. "Rural buildings and environment." Landscape and Urban Planning 41, no. 2 (June 1998): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2046(97)00062-5.

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Li, Fan, Zhi Min Li, and Xiao Min Wang. "Study on Old Construction Renewal of the Rural School Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1730.

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With the construction of the urban-rural integration, Chinese township's structure begins to adjust. The changes of the site layout planning of rural schools bring a large number of vacant rural school buildings. This paper aims to study the possibility and rationality about the rural school building reuse in northwest China. The appropriate retrofitted buildings types are public buildings such as culture building, medical building or welfare building. The construction method is proposed which includes the repair, replacement and increase. Finally, the example that the rural school building transformed into the disabled care center proves the possibility and rationality about the renovation patterns. The use of this kind of renovation patterns will save construction costs, bring economic benefits and a good social effect.

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Garrido-Velarde, Jacinto, María Montero-Parejo, Julio Hernández-Blanco, and Lorenzo García-Moruno. "Visual Analysis of the Height Ratio between Building and Background Vegetation. Two Rural Cases of Study: Spain and Sweden." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082593.

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The perception of apparent sizes of buildings in a rural environment depends on the height ratio between the building and its surrounding vegetation, and it is this parameter which is currently used to assess the built landscapes. The impact of a contrasting height is less strong if the building does not exceed the horizon line. For buildings overshooting the skyline, the building’s level of sharpness and number of lines in contrast to the sky determines the impact of the scales, and vegetation in the background helps to reduce impact. The specific objectives of the present study were: (1) finding height–ratio thresholds between building and background vegetation, which may improve the integration of rural buildings in sky-sensitive locations, and; (2) comparing the results in two rural contexts with very different climatic conditions: Spain and Sweden. A survey of eighteen scenarios (nine Spanish and nine Swedish), all digitally modified with different relative height ratios between vegetation and buildings, was performed. The survey was evaluated by the public from both countries. Regardless of the country of origin, integration of the building was good or very good when the vegetation in background did not exceed one half of the height of the construction. These results may be translated to technical criteria for planning assessment.

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Su, Ying She. "Study on Energy Conservation of External Wall Structure of Rural Houses in Cold Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.716.

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According to the status of the northern rural architecture analysis, the prevalence of high energy consumption, low comfort features, it is essential to design energy-efficient buildings in rural areas. Article research and analyze the layout of rural buildings, a variety of energy-saving technologies and building design measures development and utilization of new energy sources and other issues that can make rural buildings to save energy and improve the environmental quality of living of farmers. It also put forward some reasonable suggestions for carrying out residential building energy efficiency in cold areas.

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Buzalo, Nina, Irina Platonova, Nadezhda Tsaritova, and Igor Kosogov. "Experience in inspection of operated rural school buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809037.

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Summarizing the experience of examining school buildings built in rural areas in 1950 - 1990, the article draws conclusions about their technical condition and compliance with the requirements of modern regulatory documents. All surveyed school buildings do not meet the requirements for resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures, accessibility for all categories of low-mobile groups of the population. The article presents the results of a survey of a high school building in the Oblivsky district of the Rostov region and a high school building in the village of Karaichevskaya in the Rostov region, high school building in the Kuibyshev district of the Rostov region. A number of defects and damages were found in the buildings under investigation. The analysis of the experience of survey of school buildings located in rural areas of the Rostov region.

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Wang, Chang Feng, and Guo Qiang Fan. "Unscrambling the Building Envelope Insulation Technique in "Tianjin Energy Efficiency Design Standard for Rural Residential Buildings"." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1519.

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In order to solve problems of high energy consumption and poor indoor thermal comfort in existing rural residential buildings, Tianjin city developed Tianjin energy efficiency standard for rural residential buildings, the building envelope insulation technique in the standard-including determination of heat transfer coefficient, principle of choosing insulation materials for building envelope, energy efficiency standards of walls, windows, and roofs are unscrambled particularly in this paper. It is suggested that natural materials and appropriate techniques are used to achieve the energy-saving goal for rural residential buildings with minimum energy consumption.

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Benni, Stefano, Elisabetta Carfagna, Daniele Torreggiani, Elisabetta Maino, Marco Bovo, and Patrizia Tassinari. "Multidimensional Measurement of the Level of Consistency of Farm Buildings with Rural Heritage: A Methodology Tested on an Italian Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (August 6, 2019): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154242.

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The industrialization after World War II marked a severe discontinuity between rural heritage and contemporary farm buildings. Rural landscapes have thus become more and more uniform; historical buildings are often abandoned and degraded, while contemporary buildings are often disconnected from their surrounding environment. Besides aiming to protect and restore rural heritage—more and more acknowledged as a common good contributing to societal identity—attention should be paid to increasing the quality of new buildings, a crucial issue to improve landscape quality in everyday landscape contexts. Based on a series of previous studies carried out to develop and test a robust methodology allowing the analysis of the main formal features of rural buildings, organized in a comprehensive framework known as the FarmBuiLD model (Farm Building Landscape Design), this study aims to perform an integrated and compared analysis of sets of traditional and contemporary rural buildings through experimental trials on an Italian case study. In particular, the study focuses on defining and measuring indexes allowing the quantification of the level of consistency of contemporary buildings with the traditional typologies. A contemporary farm building is evaluated based on the distance of each of its formal features from those which proved to be representative of the corresponding traditional building type, evaluated through a cluster analysis of the typological characters of traditional buildings in the study area. The results showed that different degrees of dissonance can be detected. Similarities have been found, in particular with respect to the shape of buildings and their closure with regards to landscape. The major dissonances are related to the perception of buildings as flattened on the ground, due to their excessively elongated shape, and in the case of buildings completely permeable to landscape, this being necessary for structural purposes and for the type of use of historic buildings. The expected impact of this study is to provide designers and planners with indicators allowing the evaluation, on an objective basis, of the level of consistency of new buildings with local rural heritage, thus supporting both design phases and project evaluation as well as building management processes (maintenance, restoration, extension, change in use, etc.).

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Morena, Marzia, Gian Battista Bischetti, Maria Luisa Del Gatto, and Anna Gornati. "Innovative management of rural buildings." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-09-2017-0065.

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Purpose This study forms part of a larger project funded by Cariplo Foundation. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the scope to exploit the full potential and upgrade the functions of abandoned or under-utilized typical highland Alpine pasture systems (made by a complex of grazing fields, buildings for temporal animal and human recovery and dairy production, identified as Malga system or Alpeggio), by adopting the property investor’s point of view. Design/methodology/approach This study has adapted the traditional property development processes to rural buildings, thus generating an analysis model that proves able to define a new destination of use whenever the project considers the reuse of existing facilities. Findings The proposed model analyzes the technological, functional and territory features of the building to be upgraded, to assess the technical feasibility of the changeover project and identify the highest and best use of Malga-systems. The model has been applied to all the Malga-systems in the Orobie Bergamasche Park; it performed a comprehensive assessment of the development potential of the Malga-systems in the same Park. Research limitations/implications The design of the model took into consideration the specificities of the Orobie Bergamasche Park; nevertheless, the method can be taken as an example to be applied to any grazing land in the Alps. Originality/value This research provides the real estate market with a new analysis tool that is specific for the rural buildings, and suitable to streamline the procedures designed to upgrade these properties and to infuse new life into the territories that are experiencing a period of hardship and/or decay.

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Antuchevičienė, Jurgita. "PRINCIPLES OF REVITALISATION OF DERELICT RURAL BUILDINGS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2003): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2003.10531333.

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The problem of Lithuanian derelict and mismanaged rural buildings that have a negative influence on the economy and environment of the country is analysed in the paper. Revitalisation of unused rural buildings is analysed in a context of sustainable development. Factors determining distribution and revitalisation perspectives of unused buildings were established by using methods of mathematical statistics. It was estimated that the peculiarities of territorial distribution are different in various zones of different development activity, also they differ according to the uses of buildings. Analytical review of sustainability indicator systems was performed. The model of indicator system for revitalisation of derelict rural buildings is proposed in the paper. This indicator system was worked out according to the common principles of sustainable development and to local peculiarities, explored by analysing territorial distribution of objects. It is possible to rate the priorities of building revitalisation alternatives by using the proposed model of the system with the help of multiple criteria decision-making methods. Due to incomplete and inconsistent information regarding sustainable development, the author suggests to use fuzzy set theory.

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Zhong, Ming Fang. "Research on Traditional Stone Buildings in West Hunan Rural Areas." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.218.

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Stone buildings have long history in west Hunan, stone is one of the most important building material that has been widely used in traditional building, village and town constructions especially in rural mountainous minority areas where rock resource is abundant. Stone is natural and compatible with the environment. Buildings built with local natural stone material in west Hunan minority areas are worth studying considering sustainable development and culture protection. Stone slab masonry in the south with grey limestone slabs and rubble masonry in the north with brown rubbles are two different types. Stone dominates the exterior, while the interior and main structures are built of wood like most of the traditional Chinese buildings. Traditional building techniques are passed on in the stone buildings while they also form the unique culture image of west Hunan rural areas.

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Liu, Yong Jun, Xing Tao Ma, and Yong Mei Sun. "Flood Damage to Rural Buildings Result from Foundation Scour and Scour Protection Strategy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2627.

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In China, flooding is one of the most common and frequent natural disasters, which can cause life and property losses partly due to heavily damage and collapse of rural buildings. Hence, it is very important to conduct comprehensive study on flood damage to rural buildings. In this paper, the flood damage to rural builds is described and analyzed with emphasis on the foundation scour, which may result in whole building collapse, and scour protection strategy. Damages or collapse caused by foundation scour of rural building can be categorized into two main groups according to the location of rural a building. After summarizing existing scour protection strategies, a new technology is suggested. The contents presented in this paper may be useful references for further study on flood damage to rural building and scour protection engineering practices.

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Liu, Yong Jun, Xing Tao Ma, and Yong Mei Sun. "Numerical Simulation of Rural Brick Buildings Strengthened with CFRP under Flood Actions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.223.

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In China, floods often cause life and property losses due to heavily damage and collapse of rural buildings. It is very important to conduct comprehensive research on flood behavior of rural buildings. In this paper, formula of hydrodynamic load imposed on building by flowing flood is derived based on conservation of momentum and test results firstly. Secondly, the finite element analysis of rural brick buildings strengthened with CFRP under flood actions is conducted using ANSYS software to check the effect of CFRP. Simulation results demonstrate that the formula of hydrodynamic pressure and the numerical model of rural buildings are of high accuracy, and can be referenced for further study and applied in engineering practices.

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G, ASOKAN, and DR AMIT JAIN. "Hybrid Renewal Energy Systems for Rural Sustainable House Buildings." SIJ Transactions on Industrial, Financial & Business Management 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 07–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/sijifbm/v8i1/ifbm20003.

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Wu, Ya Jun, Xue Ying Wang, and Dong Xu. "Analysis and Discussion of the Cold Northern Areas of Rural Residential Energy Efficient Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.121.

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In the cold regions of northern China, compared to the urban residential buildings, the rural residential buildings are lack of energy-saving technology, which currently in its infancy, some places even still blank, this does not meet China's energy conservation policy, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the country. For this reason, this paper is focused on rural residential building, starting from environmental analysis and technical measures, analyzed on rural residential energy-saving design, and also make research and discussion in terms of building sitting and planning, shape and layout of the building, building structure and technology.

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Bovo, Marco, Alberto Barbaresi, Daniele Torreggiani, and Patrizia Tassinari. "Report on earthquake-induced failures of rural buildings aimed at future preservation strategies." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 50, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2019.930.

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The rural landscape is undergoing rapid changes, and catastrophic events, such as earthquakes, can speed up this mutation, bringing to a loss of its traditional signs. In May 2012, two strong seismic events hit the Emilia Romagna region, in northern Italy. Those earthquakes caused several damages and collapses to historical rural buildings, highlighting their high seismic vulnerability. In this paper, damages and collapses collected in the aftermath surveys on 22 rural historical buildings, are presented and commented. It was observed that in the area hit by the earthquake few recurrent typologies are present, and buildings of the same typology showed similar damage mechanisms. Therefore, in order to define the most typical damages affecting rural constructions, the building stock has been classified in different categories, based on plan distribution and intended use of each building. The first criterion suggests considering isolated and composed buildings. The second separates the structures in dwellings for residential use, stable-haylofts and buildings used for other minor services. The outcomes presented in this paper allowed to identify the rural building typologies most vulnerable to earthquakes and to define recurring deficiencies for the various categories. In general, the main reasons of the collapses can be ascribed to lack of effective connections between orthogonal walls, poor connections between floor elements and walls, and excessive flexibility of floor diaphragms.

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Khakian, Reza, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Farshid Aram, Soghra Zoroufchi Benis, Amir Mosavi, and Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy. "Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102593.

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The energy performance of buildings and energy-saving measures have been widely investigated in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to buildings located in rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the energy performance of two-story residential buildings located in the mountainous village of Palangan in Iran and to evaluate the impact of multiple parameters, namely building orientation, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glazing type, shading devices, and insulation, on its energy performance. To attain a nearly zero energy building design in rural areas, the building is equipped with photovoltaic modules. The proposed building design is then economically evaluated to ensure its viability. The findings indicate that an energy saving of 29% can be achieved compared to conventional buildings, and over 22 MWh of electricity can be produced on an annual basis. The payback period is assessed at 21.7 years. However, energy subsidies are projected to be eliminated in the near future, which in turn may reduce the payback period.

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Netsch, Stefan, and Katharina Gugerell. "Reuse of Churches in Urban and Rural Dutch Landscapes." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 22, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2019-0009.

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Abstract European churches are confronted with the challenge of finding new uses for their church buildings. Due to a lack of members and income, the maintenance of their buildings cannot be ensured in the future; therefore, new applications and users are to be found. This task poses a considerable challenge, especially in a to a certain extent provincial and conservative country like the Netherlands, where people, even irreligious ones, perceive the church as a building that belongs to them. Besides having to deal with the building in an architectural way, there is a wide range of possibilities for reusing it; for example, community-based or mixed uses, commercial or residential ones. The eventual solution is mainly based on the church’s building type, the influence of the neighborhood, the owner’s financial possibilities, and the location. One of the present study’s main results suggests that uses which serve the community are more likely to be found in rural areas, consequently reflecting the importance of those buildings there.

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Tan, Liang Bin. "The Sustainable Indoor Environment Research and Design of Earth Buildings for Rural People." Applied Mechanics and Materials 147 (December 2011): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.147.50.

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The earth building is a building type with enormous quantity and widely being used in rural section of south-western part. It will dominate for a long time. The environment of traditional earth buildings is very poor because of out-dated ideological limitations and construction mode, it can’t meet the needs of increasingly demanding of local people. So these buildings must recur to modern technologies to integrate fine parts in tradition and form new appropriate technologies. This paper took Yi minority’s houses in Yongren as an example to look for a road opening to rural buildings’ sustainable development.

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Dong, Hai Rong, and Shao Ming Qi. "Strategies of Rural Eco-Residential Buildings Design in the Cold District." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3138.

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In view of the fast growth of rural residential buildings construction, the lack of scientific and rational design and technical guidance, the lack of the concept of "energy-saving, land-saving, water and materials conservation, environmental protection", towns and villages constructions having been in disorder and confusion states. The method is to sum up some strategies of eco-residential buildings design by analyzing overall planning in new rural construction, single building design and testing new rural residential temperature in Zhangbei. Aim is to provide some reference to planning and design staff in new rural construction.

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Hu, Lei, and Hou Tian Zhang. "Study on Energy Conservation in Rural Residential Buildings in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2434.

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Recent years have seen the improvement of economic conditions and living standards of Chinese rural residents. But the problems of waste and pollution have occurred in rural housing construction for heating, lighting and ventilation, damage of ecology, etc. As a result, it is necessary to push energy efficiency in rural housing construction in China. In this paper, the problems existing in rural housing construction are first described, and then the strategies and measures to improve the energy conservation in rural residential buildings are put forward. The solutions to the energy conservation in rural residential buildings in China are those government should play the strengthen leadership role, developing the market of building energy conservation and developing technical foundation s and technological innovations.

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Li, Ying, Weipan Xu, Haohui Chen, Junhao Jiang, and Xun Li. "A Novel Framework Based on Mask R-CNN and Histogram Thresholding for Scalable Segmentation of New and Old Rural Buildings." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061070.

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Mapping new and old buildings are of great significance for understanding socio-economic development in rural areas. In recent years, deep neural networks have achieved remarkable building segmentation results in high-resolution remote sensing images. However, the scarce training data and the varying geographical environments have posed challenges for scalable building segmentation. This study proposes a novel framework based on Mask R-CNN, named Histogram Thresholding Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network (HTMask R-CNN), to extract new and old rural buildings even when the label is scarce. The framework adopts the result of single-object instance segmentation from the orthodox Mask R-CNN. Further, it classifies the rural buildings into new and old ones based on a dynamic grayscale threshold inferred from the result of a two-object instance segmentation task where training data is scarce. We found that the framework can extract more buildings and achieve a much higher mean Average Precision (mAP) than the orthodox Mask R-CNN model. We tested the novel framework’s performance with increasing training data and found that it converged even when the training samples were limited. This framework’s main contribution is to allow scalable segmentation by using significantly fewer training samples than traditional machine learning practices. That makes mapping China’s new and old rural buildings viable.

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Zhang, Tian Tian, Yu Fei Tan, Xue Dan Zhang, and Chuan Kai Niu. "Current Situation of Energy and Indoor Environment in Rural Buildings of Northeast China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 1756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1756.

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Due to the low levels of the design and construction technology in the countryside of northern cold region, energy consumption and indoor environment in rural residential buildings cannot be controlled effectively, which becomes one of the most prominent problems in rural energy efficiency and emission reduction. To learn the present situation of energy consumption and indoor environment in rural buildings, this paper adopts the method of field investigation and data analysis to analyze the building envelopes situation and the energy structure. Besides, indoor temperature and humidity field test and pollutant concentration test are carried out in heating period. Summarizing the problems and analyzing the reasons for the high energy consumption poor indoor environment, improvement strategies are put forward. The result will supply technical support for rural residential energy consumption and indoor comfort of rural residential buildings in the cold regions.

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Zhang, Tao, Qi Ding, Qinian Hu, Bin Liu, Weijun Gao, Dian Zhou, and Hiroatsu Fukuda. "Towards Rural Revitalization Strategy for Housing in Gully Regions of the Loess Plateau: Environmental Considerations." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 3109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123109.

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Under the background of Chinese Rural Revitalization Strategy, how to improve rural regional environment and living quality is very important and urgent. At present, residential buildings in gully regions of the Loess Plateau have poor insulation and high-energy consumption. Thus, better ecological design can largely save energy and improve living comfort. The findings of this paper provide an insight into the ecological design potentials for reducing energy demand across rural regions in China. In this paper, we select three main types of residential buildings in gully regions and build energy demand models based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The results show that the energy demand in the building use stage is extremely high in all three typical buildings, which account for around 90% of the whole life cycle. The energy demand of the traditional adobe residential building is lower than the brick-concrete structure buildings. The LCA method used in this paper can quantify the energy demand in each stage of life cycle, which helps to put forward the corresponding ecological design strategy. The research results can be used as a reference in the future development of this region and other rural regions in China.

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Shang, Shou Ping, Bo Wen Zhu, and Xue Zhang Wen. "New Isolation Technology of Rural Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.825.

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China is a large agricultural nation where most of the population and national economy is concentrated in rural areas. At the meantime, our country is a seismic country where earthquakes frequently take place. The earthquake disaster of Wenchuan in 2008 seemed that it always cost a great damage in rural areas. According to the present situation, a new type of seismic practical technology called steel-asphalt composite isolation lay is put forward with the characteristics of economic, simple and reliable. In order to test the effect of the new isolation layer, we have built a new house in use of the isolation layer nearby the rural areas in Changsha, beside the shaking table experiment in laboratory. The practical engineering in masonry structure has three floors and a basement. After the structure of the house had been finished, we tested the isolation effectiveness of the house. The results showed that the isolation layer can decay the acceleration about 40% and the isolation effectiveness is very well. Therefore, the seismic grade of the super structure can be reduced. So we took use of the High Performance Ferrocement Laminate as the ring beam and constructional column instead of the reinforced concrete. The cost of the upper structure can be reduced. And the money can be taken used on the building of the isolation layer. Therefore the whole cost of the structure didn’t increased.

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Li, Hui Min, Ao Jun Wang, Sheng Xing Yin, and Meng Sha. "A Study on the Energy-Saving Evaluation Index System of Rural Residential Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.469.

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Currently, energy-saving building is a hot topic in society, which is also generally recognized as the most direct and effective way with the greatest potential for energy saving in the industry when the energy problem has become increasingly urgent today. At present, the domestic scholars less focus on rural residential energy saving, so the energy efficiency assessment on countryside buildings is still a relatively new field. This paper introduced existing energy-saving building assessment system at home and abroad through referring to the domestic and overseas existing assessment system, combining the characteristics of energy efficiency of rural residential buildings in China, constructed the energy-saving evaluation index system of rural residential buildings. Expert opinions and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used to determine the index weight, and the rationality of the evaluation system was determined by an empirical analysis case.

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Montero-Parejo, María Jesús, Lorenzo García Moruno, Antonio Manuel Reyes Rodríguez, Julio Hernández Blanco, and Jacinto Garrido Velarde. "Analysis of Façade Color and Cost to Improve Visual Integration of Buildings in the Rural Environment." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 3840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093840.

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In recent decades, rural buildings have proliferated in the rural environment, in many cases clashing with the surroundings. One of the main objectives in rural areas must be to maintain a balance between economic and sustainable development. In the exterior design of buildings, it is necessary to follow technical and scientific criteria that respect the natural environment, and one of the most important parameters in this scenario is façade color. This article analyzes the costs of using different colors on façades and how color variations affect the integration of buildings in the rural landscape. It addresses the context of rural buildings in the Extremadura region of Spain, where large areas of undeveloped land are available to drive economic development. Ten technical projects and photos of buildings were used for the study. A palette of suitable colors developed and proposed in previous studies was used to improve the external finishes of the façades. The variation in cost was calculated between the current designs and improved alternatives simulated using infographs, and a survey was conducted to determine how the rating of the landscape integration changed. The analysis shows that a building façade in a suitable color is always a significantly better rated solution than a finish in white (by 9%–14%). The results obtained are important because they show that a small variation in the cost of a building can significantly increase the rating of its integration and, therefore, give value added to the intervention because it respects the natural environment.

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Xie, Heng Yan, Dong Dong Chai, and Xin Zheng. "Investigation in Rural Buildings’ Damage Caused by Local Strong Wind in Suihua." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 2160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2160.

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In May 15th 2010, a strong wind occurred in Suihua, which caused severe damage of building. In order to get information about damage of buildings caused by strong wind, an investigation was conducted in May 18th 2010. Through observing and interviewing, the first-hand information on the damage of rural buildings subjected to local strong wind were got. Combined with the investigation results after the disaster, an introduction to the hazard around the local strong wind region in Suihua is reported. For half-timber houses, the enclosure structure totally damaged and the gable wall was almost totally broken. For masonry-timber structure buildings, the whole structure collapsed in the strong wind. Some conclusions were got: Some buildings conforming to design code is better than what were anticipated, but the rural buildings without official design damaged serious.

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Vukotic, Perko, Ranko Zekic, Tomislav Andjelic, Nikola Svrkota, Andrija Djurovic, and Aleksandar Dlabac. "Radon on the ground floor in the buildings of pre-university education in Montenegro." Nukleonika 65, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2020-0007.

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AbstractA national radon survey was performed recently in all buildings of pre-university education in Montenegro. During the school year 2016/2017, radon (222Rn) was measured with passive detectors (Radosys, RSFV type) in 2855 ground-floor rooms of 468 buildings. The average 9-month radon activity concentrations above the level of 300 Bq/m3 were found in 728 rooms, which belong to 213 buildings, while in 111 rooms, belonging to 47 buildings, they were above 1000 Bq/m3. Radon concentrations in the educational buildings, averaged over all sampled ground-floor rooms in a building, range from 16 Bq/m3 to 2810 Bq/m3, with arithmetic mean (AM) = 275 Bq/m3. They follow a log-normal distribution with geometric mean (GM) = 174 Bq/m3 and geometric standard deviation (GSD) = 2.58. There are 135 buildings with average indoor radon concentrations on the ground floor above 300 Bq/m3 and 18 buildings where they are above 1000 Bq/m3. The influence of the nine factors (climate, urban/rural area, age of building, number of stories, building materials, basement, foundation slab, window frames, and heating) on radon concentrations in the buildings was analysed by univariate (UVA) and multivariate (MVA) methods. The univariate analysis revealed the significant relationship of the four factors: age of buildings, basement, building materials, and window frames with radon concentrations on the ground floor in the buildings, while multivariate analysis added to those factors urban/rural area and number of stories, but excluded building materials as a factor influencing significantly radon concentrations.

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Pan, Wente, and Hongyuan Mei. "A Design Strategy for Energy-Efficient Rural Houses in Severe Cold Regions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 6, 2020): 6481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186481.

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In the past decade, Chinese urban areas have seen rapid development, and rural areas are becoming the next construction hotspot. The development of rural buildings in China has lagged behind urban development, and there is a lack of energy-efficient rural buildings. Rural houses in severe cold regions have the characteristics of large energy exchange, a long heating cycle, and low construction costs. Energy consumption is a crucial issue for rural houses in severe cold regions. How to balance the energy efficiency and building cost become a crucial problem. To solve this problem, we investigate the energy consumption of rural housing in cold regions, using Longquan Village in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, as a case study. A low-energy design framework is established that considers the spatial layout, building type, enclosure system, and heating system. With the support of project funds, a demonstration house is constructed, and the energy savings performance of the building is investigated during the heating period. The results indicate that the energy savings rate of the demonstration house is 66%. The demonstration building enables local residents to learn construction methods for low-energy houses and promotes energy efficiency.

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Cillis, Giuseppe, Dina Statuto, and Pietro Picuno. "Vernacular Farm Buildings and Rural Landscape: A Geospatial Approach for Their Integrated Management." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010004.

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Over the centuries, farm buildings, which accompany the development of agriculture, have played an important role in defining spatial and environmental planning. In some European countries in particular, these rural structures have been built based on traditional agricultural needs and typical land characteristics. Considering the land abandonment that has occurred over the last five decades, with farmers moving to more comfortable residences in neighboring urban settlements, historical farm buildings have often been abandoned, thus causing a leakage of the historical-cultural heritage of the rural landscape. Nowadays, open data and geographic technologies together with advanced technological tools allow us to gather multidisciplinary information about the specific characteristics of each farm building, thus improving our knowledge. This information can greatly support the protection of those buildings and landscapes that have high cultural and naturalistic value. In this paper, the potential of Geographic Information Systems to catalogue the farm buildings of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) is explored. The analysis of these buildings, traditionally known as masserie, integrates some typical aspects of landscape studies, paving the way for sustainable management of the important cultural heritage represented by vernacular farm buildings and the rural landscape.

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Yin, Xunzhi, Jiaqi Yu, Qi Dong, Yongheng Jia, and Cheng Sun. "Energy Sustainability of Rural Residential Buildings with Bio-Based Building Fabric in Northeast China." Energies 13, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 5806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215806.

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Due to the cold winters in northeast China, the energy consumption of the rural residential buildings is much higher in this region than in other regions. In this study, the energy sustainability of bio-based wall construction is examined through applications in rural residential buildings. Comparisons of the energy sustainability of the bio-based wall constructions and the conventional wall constructions are evaluated using IESVE-2019 computational simulation. The results show notable reductions in heating energy requirements and coal use, which is the major heating source for rural residential buildings in China. The results show that reductions of 45.82–204.07 kWh/m2/year in heating energy requirements and more than 40% in coal use are possible through application of bio-based wall constructions. The application of bio-based wall construction will result in lower seasonal air pollution and coal use through straw burning in northeast China.

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Szul, Tomasz. "Analysis of heat source selection for residential buildings in rural areas." BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 02034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181002034.

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The research aiming to check whether the output of currently installed boilers matches the use requirements together with estimation of their energy efficiency was carried out on a group of 84 single-family residential buildings located in rural areas. Heating and hot water energy needs were calculated for each building in order to determine the use requirements. This enabled verification whether the currently installed boilers match the actual use requirements in the buildings. Based on the calculations it was determined that the designed average boiler output in the group of buildings subject to analysis is 15.7 kW, whereas the mean rated output capacity of boilers installed therein is 25.4 kW. On average, the output capacity of the installed boilers exceeds the use requirements for the buildings by 60%. To calculate the energy efficiency of boilers, the mean annual boiler output capacity use coefficient was determined. For boilers selected on the basis of standard calculations, the mean coefficient is 0.47. For boilers currently in use it is 0.31, less than the above figure. The above calculations show that if boilers were correctly selected in compliance to the building needs, then the average estimated seasonal efficiency of 65% would be feasible. However, in the current state the achievable efficiency is approx. 55%.

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Yang, Zhi Xiong, Ting Ma, Jie Huang, and Yu Liu. "Research on Energy Saving Reconstruction Strategy of Rural School Building in Guanzhong Area - A Case Study of Guocun Primary School in Xi'an City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1741–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1741.

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As an important component of the construction of a new socialist countryside, the rural school building is the important infrastructure of new rural cultural construction. This paper takes rural schools of Guanzhong area as research object, combining the geographical environment characteristics with social development conditions to field investigate, and analyzes rural school construction and its status in Guanzhong area. On the basis of the investigation and analysis, this paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of design and usage of the existing rural school buildings, and proposes energy-saving strategy which is suitable for rural school building.

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Li, Fan, and Xiao Min Wang. "Renewal Patterns of the Administrative Office Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.67.

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With the commencement of the integration construction of urban and rural areas, Chinese rural structural adjustment is occurring. The government behaviors about merging townships bring a large number of vacant administrative office buildings. This paper aims to study the possibility and rationality about the administrative office building reuse in this context. How to renovate depends on the original building space characteristics and the new space requirements. The construction method includes the repair, replacement and increase. Finally, the example that the administrative office building transformed into the disabled care center in the Luonan County proves the possibility and rationality about the renewal patterns. This kind of renewal patterns will save construction costs, bring economic benefits and a good social effect.

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Win, Ei Phyu Sin. "Building Change Detection in Myanmar using Image Processing." International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 2, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.02.11.

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Building change detection makes it is easy to locate buildings from a distance in the sky. They can also observe the development of rural, or urban areas between 10 decade and present. So, higher resolution satellite and aerial pictures are needed to detect buildings. Building shape varies from one to another over the world. Rural areas are sparsely populated, but densely and complexly populated in urban areas. And it is difficult to detect separate buildings from them. To solve obstacles, non-linear filter, line extracting and region thresholding method is used in this research. The test images from the last decade and images of current year are acquired by using google earth pro, and have different spatial resolutions. Detection area is Hlaingthaya Township, Yangon, Myanmar. This system is simulated with MATLAB programming language

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Muttaqin, Ibnu. "Pengaruh Kesadaran Membayar Pajak, Persepsi Wajib Pajak Dalam Pelaksanaan Sanksi Denda, SPPT, dan Pemeriksaan Pajak Terhadap Keberhasilan Penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan di Kecamatan Wanasari Kabupaten." Permana : Jurnal Perpajakan, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi 10, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24905/permana.v10i2.83.

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Ibnu Muttaqin 4314500030 Influence of awareness of paying taxes, perception of tax payers in the implementation of financial penalties, SPPT (Tax Payable Notification) and tax audit of the success of land tax revenues and rural and urban buildings in Wanasari District, Brebes Regency. Faculty of Economics and Business, Pancasakti University Tegal 2018. The purpose of this study is to find out whether awareness of paying taxes, the perception of tax payers in the implementation of financial penalties, SPPT (Taxable Income Tax Notification) and tax audit affect both simultaneously and partially on the success of land tax revenue and rural and urban buildings in Wanasari District, Brebes Regency. Population in this research is tax payer of earth and rural and urban building in District Wanasari Brebes Regency in year 2017 as many as 62,065. The sample is calculated using the Slovin formula, so that it gets a sample of 100 respondents. Data collection method uses a questionnaire. The analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The test results show that 1) Awareness of paying taxes, tax payer perception in the implementation of financial penalties, SPPT (Tax Notification Letters) and tax inspection simultaneously affect the success of tax revenue earth and rural and urban buildings in District Wanasari Brebes. 2) Awareness of paying taxes affect the success of tax revenue earth and rural and urban buildings in District Wanasari Brebes District. 3) Tax payer's perception in the implementation of financial penalties, SPPT (Tax Notification Letters) and tax audit have no effect on the success of tax revenue of earth and rural and urban building in Wanasari Sub-district of Brebes Regency.

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Cillis, Giuseppe, Dina Statuto, and Pietro Picuno. "INTEGRATING REMOTE-SENSED AND HISTORICAL GEODATA TO ASSESS INTERACTIONS BETWEEN RURAL BUILDINGS AND AGROFORESTRY LAND." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.15080.

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The rural built heritage constitutes a unique example, due to architectural and technical issues, which plays a central role in the formation of rural landscape. In this research, interactions between rural buildings and the surrounding land have been examined. Two case studies exemplifying some of typical dynamics of some internal mountain areas of Mediterranean region have been considered. These areas are located in Basilicata Region (Southern Italy) and suffer from land and rural buildings heritage abandonment, as well as from the concurrent disappearance of agroforestry systems with high ecological value. A multi-chronological geo-database incorporating different land cover datasets over a period of 62 years (1955–1988–2008–2017) has been implemented into a GIS to assess relationships between some rural buildings and the surrounding land have been then assessed. This has been achieved by integrating different types of remote-sensed geodata: historical aerial photos, digital orthophotos and satellite images. The analyses carried out have shown that the intensity of land abandonment can also be related to the type of rural building and prevalent agricultural activity. Moreover, thanks to this methodology, it has been possible to produce several spatial information useful to support public decisionmakers at different level.

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Mu, Jun, and Jing Chen. "Thermal Studies of Feasible Ecological Architecture for Rural Northwestern China." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2931.

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Aiming to minimize fossil fuel use and environmental impacts caused by buildings, thermal design is one of the most effective approaches forwards ecological architecture. For any given region, ecologically thermal design has to follow the principles of ecological design, which need to be conditioned to the local situation. In this context, under the poor conditions of rural Northwestern China, the feasibility limited by budget and conventional resources for construction is the main challenge faced by ecologically thermal design for local buildings. Under the background, the methodology based on condition analyses and computer simulating experiments with TAS is involved in the study. Based on locally available building elements and technology the paper carries out a series of alternative techniques and feasible thermal design strategies for this region, aiming to reach the most effectively ecological approach. As a result, the relationship between the cost increase and improvement of building thermal performance resulting from each technique is reduced, so as to assist locals to design and construct the feasible ecological buildings according to their individual situations in economy, resources, functions and site condition. This illustrates an inspiring way towards the ecological architecture suitable for rural Northwestern China.

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Zhang, Ying, Zuzhan Chen, Hongkai Sun, Shili Zhang, Kai Feng, and Haoqian Liu. "Research on Development Countermeasures of Prefabricated Buildings in New Rural Construction -- A Case Study of Longfeng Village, Hunan Province." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 04056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913604056.

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This paper introduces the present situation of the development of prefabricated buildings under the background of the development of prefabricated buildings advocated by the state. Through field visit, questionnaire survey and interview in Longfeng village, Hunan province, the present situation of the structure system of rural dwellings was investigated and researched, and its main problems were investigated and analyzed from various perspectives of energy conservation, environmental protection, thermal insulation, seismic resistance and the like. According to the survey data, this paper analyzes the difficulty of assembling rural self-built houses. Finally, the paper puts forward the corresponding development countermeasures for the construction of new rural dwellings on the road of sustainable green building, and provides strategies for the construction of new rural areas.

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Antuchevičienė, Jurgita. "PRINCIPLES OF REVITALISATION OF DERELICT RURAL BUILDINGS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 9, no. 4 (January 2003): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13923730.2003.10531333.

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Li, Zhihong, Xianming Huang, Duo Yuan, and Yingying Ma. "Study on Characters of Rural Residential Buildings Based on the Investigation in Shaanxi, Guangxi and Jiangsu in China." E3S Web of Conferences 237 (2021): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123703002.

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This paper is supported by the national key R&D program (2018YFD1100205) of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan “Research on the Construction Technology System of Green Livable Rural Residential Buildings”. This paper is focused on the characteristics of rural residential buildings form, functional space and villagers’ demands of buildings based on different regions, climate and economic performance. The research is processed in the field with spot plotting and questionnaire survey including interviews about the rural residential buildings in Luonan County of Shaanxi, Longan County of Guangxi and Wujiang District of Jiangsu. According to the statistical results, there is a contrastive analysis of rural residential buildings in time and space, and then the characteristics, influencing factors, modular spatial type of residential buildings have been teased out. Meanwhile it refines the development trends of rural residential buildings eventually combined with the demands of villagers.

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Richiedei, Anna. "The Valuation of Idle Real Estate in Rural Areas: Analysis and Territorial Strategies." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 8240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198240.

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Knowledge of the environment and its weaknesses is the first step in addressing urban development in a more sustainable direction, seeking, for example, to limit the occupation of new land. This research presents a methodology for identifying unused buildings in rural areas and providing strategies for the recovery and reuse of building heritage. The reuse of idle buildings, which are numerous and widespread in Italian agricultural areas, represents a valid opportunity to contain land occupation, redevelop unused areas (often degraded) and develop employment opportunities and social dynamics (as in the case of nonresidential use). The paper defines an expeditious methodology for the identification and subsequent mapping, on a municipal scale, of the unused building heritage that is external to the consolidated urban fabric. The initial data from a case study for the municipality of Chiari (in Italy) are significant: more than 370 unused real estate structures were identified. A successive analysis identified the individual buildings that were completely unused and proposes an assessment of their potential recovery value. This methodology can be useful for directing municipal urban planning strategies and regulations for the recovery of buildings in rural areas and for environmentally acceptable land utilization.

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Vallati, Andrea, Luca Mauri, and Chiara Colucci. "How the urban environment affects the microclimate and the building energy demand for the City of Rome." Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 4 (2019): 1035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci19s4035v.

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Urban heat island has significant impacts on buildings? energy consumption. The phenomenon is associated with increased urban air temperatures compared to the air temperature of the surrounding rural or suburban areas. The ambient air temperature growth due to climate changes and the urban heat island phenomenon are dramatically increasing the cooling demand in buildings. This is worsened by irradiation conditions, construction technologies, and subjective comfort expectations. This paper examines the impact of the urban environment on the energy demand of buildings, considering the case of two districts of the city of Rome, Italy: one is representative of a central zone, the other of a rural zone. Weather data were then used to calculate the thermal demand of a typical Italian building, ideally located in the monitored areas of the city. Standalone building with modified weather file was modeled in TRNSYS. Results show that urban heat island intensity causes an increase in cooling demand up to +33% for the urban area (+20% for the rural area) compared to the demand calculated using weather data from airportual areas. On the other hand, urban heat island intensity has a positive effect on heating demand which turns out to decrease up to -32% for the urban area (-14% for the rural area).

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Li, Xue Ping. "Applied Research on Straw Bale in Northwest Rural Residential Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3815.

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The straw bale is a kind of eco-energy saving building material. Straw bale construction is a building which it use straw bales as the wall materials. Based on the investigation of rural residential buildings status, climatic characteristics and energy consumption status in northwest rural areas, raw material supply, construction cost and construction technology of straw bale building, thermal insulation and fire resistance properties of straw bale, environmental protection characteristic and so on were analyzed, it could make people aware of the straw bale can be used as an ideal material instead of solid clay brick in northwest rural residential building, and it could be extensive used and popularized in rural residential building.

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Liu, Yong Jun, Jing Hai Zhou, and Xing Tao Ma. "Study on Failure Mechanism of Rural Building in Flood and Protection Strategies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 1307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.1307.

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In Chinese rural areas, flooding is one of the most common and frequent natural disasters, which can cause terribly life and property losses partly due to heavily damage and collapse of rural buildings. Therefore, it is very urgent to conduct comprehensive study on failure mechanism of rural buildings under flood actions. In this paper, the failure mechanism of rural buildings in flood is studied, and protection strategies are summarized with emphasis on describing some new technology proposed by authors. The contents presented in this paper may be useful references for further study on flood damage to rural buildings and be helpful for Chinese government to develop correct flood mitigation policies.

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Cui, Xiaoling, Yangkai Zhang, Guochen Sang, Wenkang Wang, Yiyun Zhu, and Lei Zhang. "Coupling Effect of Space-Arrangement and Wall Thermal Resistance on Indoor Thermal Environment of Passive Solar Single-Family Building in Tibet." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (September 2, 2019): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173594.

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In areas where solar energy is abundant, such as the Tibetan plateau, passive solar buildings are attracting more and more attention and becoming a popular form of rural building. However, it is often difficult to achieve the satisfactory indoor thermal environment in a local rural passive solar single-family house. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment of passive solar buildings through building design, a systematic study of rural single-family buildings in Tibet was conducted. The basic parameters were investigated on the outdoor thermal environment, space-arrangement, envelope structure, and the indoor thermal environment. The building model considering space-arrangement modes was developed based on the survey data in multi-space passive solar buildings. The general physical and mathematical analysis models of multi-space passive solar buildings were established based on the heat transfer theory. Furthermore, the effects of space-arrangement and exterior wall thermal resistance on indoor air temperature were analyzed by numerical simulation. Results show that the indoor air temperature of the passive solar building is influenced by space-arrangement and wall thermal resistance together. When the space-arrangement of the building model was changed from “north-south through type” (mode a) to “through and separation combination” (mode b) and “north-south separation” (mode c), the indoor air temperature of the living room increased from 8.8 °C to 10.6 °C and 11.6 °C, with increases of 20.5% and 31.8%, respectively. In addition, equally increasing the thermal resistance of exterior walls in different orientations has different effects on the indoor air temperature. In the space-arrangement mode c, comparing with the temperature increment of the living room and bedroom caused by increasing thermal resistance of the south wall and north wall, the temperature increment of the living room caused by increasing thermal resistance of the east/west wall increased by 151.7% and 32.7%, and that of the bedroom increased by 609.1% and 239.1% respectively. This study can provide a reference for the optimal design of passive solar buildings in solar energy abundant areas.

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Li, Xue Ping, and Zeng Feng Yan. "Energy-Saving Design of Rural Residential Building in Cold Region." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2740.

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There are serious energy-saving problems in cold region of rural residential buildings. On one hand, it needs the higher levels energy because of the particular climatic conditions, on the other hand, people in cold regions lack of energy-saving consciousness and technology. Through analyzing the rural residential building status and existing energy-saving problems in cold region of China, the author discussed and summarized the energy-saving design methods of rural residential building in cold region from three aspects, including the energy-saving of residential building size design, the energy-saving of building envelope structure design, and use of renewable energy. The research provides a reference for promoting socialism new rural reconstruction in China.

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Xiao, Shi Yun, Liu Juan Yang, Bin Yue, Xue Li Ge, and Li Xin Zhu. "Experimental Study on Flow Pressure Distribution of Flood on Rural Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 2459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2459.

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Recently, frequent torrential floods cause tremendous casualties and economic losses to the national people in China. In this paper, six 1:6 scale rural building models made of PMMA are tested to research the flow pressure of flood, which will provide the basic data for the flood-resistant design of rural buildings. The experiment of flood on buildings is carried on the large wave-current tank. The height of water is 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 meters and the distances between the building and floodgate are 3, 6 and 9 meters respectively. The flow pressure is obtained by the sensor transducer. Based on the experimental results, the distribution of the flow pressure and some effect factors are investigated. Results show that the variation of flow pressure distributions decreases gradually with the vertical distance from bottom to top in the vertical direction. The flow pressure in the horizontal direction is different because of the boundary and holes effect.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rural buildings'

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