Journal articles: 'Rural building'

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Dudley, Eric. "Rural building course." Habitat International 21, no. 3 (September 1997): 334–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-3975(97)88093-9.

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Li, Fan, Zhi Min Li, and Xiao Min Wang. "Study on Old Construction Renewal of the Rural School Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1730.

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With the construction of the urban-rural integration, Chinese township's structure begins to adjust. The changes of the site layout planning of rural schools bring a large number of vacant rural school buildings. This paper aims to study the possibility and rationality about the rural school building reuse in northwest China. The appropriate retrofitted buildings types are public buildings such as culture building, medical building or welfare building. The construction method is proposed which includes the repair, replacement and increase. Finally, the example that the rural school building transformed into the disabled care center proves the possibility and rationality about the renovation patterns. The use of this kind of renovation patterns will save construction costs, bring economic benefits and a good social effect.

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Arcidiacono, C., S. M. C. Porto, and G. Cascone. "Seismic Analysis of Traditional Stone Rural Buildings: Case study of a one-storey building." Informes de la Construcción 67, no. 537 (March 30, 2015): e053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.13.039.

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Zhu, Yiyun, Xiaona Fan, Changjiang Wang, and Guochen Sang. "Analysis of Heat Transfer and Thermal Environment in a Rural Residential Building for Addressing Energy Poverty." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2018): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112077.

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Reducing energy consumption and creating a comfortable thermal indoor environment in rural residential buildings can play a key role in fighting global warming in China. As a result of economic development, rural residents are building new houses and modernizing existing buildings. This paper investigated and analyzed a typical rural residential building in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwest China through field measurements and numerical simulation. The results showed that making full use of solar energy resources is an important way to improve the indoor temperature. Reasonable building layout and good thermal performance of the building envelope can reduce wind velocities and convective heat loss. Insulation materials and double-glazed windows should be used to reduce energy loss in new buildings, although it is an evolution process in creating thermally efficient buildings in rural China. This research provides a reference for the design and construction of rural residential buildings in Northwest China and similar areas for addressing energy poverty.

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Liu, Yong Jun, Xing Tao Ma, and Yong Mei Sun. "Flood Damage to Rural Buildings Result from Foundation Scour and Scour Protection Strategy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2627.

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In China, flooding is one of the most common and frequent natural disasters, which can cause life and property losses partly due to heavily damage and collapse of rural buildings. Hence, it is very important to conduct comprehensive study on flood damage to rural buildings. In this paper, the flood damage to rural builds is described and analyzed with emphasis on the foundation scour, which may result in whole building collapse, and scour protection strategy. Damages or collapse caused by foundation scour of rural building can be categorized into two main groups according to the location of rural a building. After summarizing existing scour protection strategies, a new technology is suggested. The contents presented in this paper may be useful references for further study on flood damage to rural building and scour protection engineering practices.

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Garrido-Velarde, Jacinto, María Montero-Parejo, Julio Hernández-Blanco, and Lorenzo García-Moruno. "Visual Analysis of the Height Ratio between Building and Background Vegetation. Two Rural Cases of Study: Spain and Sweden." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082593.

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The perception of apparent sizes of buildings in a rural environment depends on the height ratio between the building and its surrounding vegetation, and it is this parameter which is currently used to assess the built landscapes. The impact of a contrasting height is less strong if the building does not exceed the horizon line. For buildings overshooting the skyline, the building’s level of sharpness and number of lines in contrast to the sky determines the impact of the scales, and vegetation in the background helps to reduce impact. The specific objectives of the present study were: (1) finding height–ratio thresholds between building and background vegetation, which may improve the integration of rural buildings in sky-sensitive locations, and; (2) comparing the results in two rural contexts with very different climatic conditions: Spain and Sweden. A survey of eighteen scenarios (nine Spanish and nine Swedish), all digitally modified with different relative height ratios between vegetation and buildings, was performed. The survey was evaluated by the public from both countries. Regardless of the country of origin, integration of the building was good or very good when the vegetation in background did not exceed one half of the height of the construction. These results may be translated to technical criteria for planning assessment.

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Wu, Ya Jun, Xue Ying Wang, and Dong Xu. "Analysis and Discussion of the Cold Northern Areas of Rural Residential Energy Efficient Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.121.

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In the cold regions of northern China, compared to the urban residential buildings, the rural residential buildings are lack of energy-saving technology, which currently in its infancy, some places even still blank, this does not meet China's energy conservation policy, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the country. For this reason, this paper is focused on rural residential building, starting from environmental analysis and technical measures, analyzed on rural residential energy-saving design, and also make research and discussion in terms of building sitting and planning, shape and layout of the building, building structure and technology.

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Qianda, Zhuang, Zheng Guoquan, Mohd Kher Hussein, Noor Fazamimah Mohd Ariffin, and Mohd Yazid Mohd Yunos. "Identification of rural vernacular building character and conservation strategy from the perspective of rural tourism -- a case study of Yayou Gou Village in Shandong Province, China." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 02076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125102076.

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Rural vernacular building is a traditional dwelling house with the characteristics of the time and regions, which is now greatly impacted by urbanization and modernization. This research takes the rural vernacular building of Yayou Gou Village as the study case and uses document analysis, observation, and interview method to investigate the character and conservation strategies of rural building. The paper suggests that the building site characters are greatly influenced by topography and living conditions, followed by village traffic. The architectural forms represent the rural style of southern Shandong province with the unique roof shale covered. The layout of the building helps to maintain kinship and improve the local microclimate. Under the background of rural tourism development, effective protection methods for traditional buildings include function revitalization, museum transformation, homestay transformation, and local residents’ living are identified. Through the analysis of rural characteristics and conservation methods exploration, it is beneficial to further research on the character of rural architectural elements, promote the utilization and protection of rural building landscape, and provide enlightenment for rural development.

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Xiao, Shi Yun, and Yun Fei Sun. "Numerical Analysis of the Rural Building due to Flood Impact." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1857.

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The impacting action of flood destroyed dramatically the rural buildings. In this paper, the rural building was analyzed numerically to investigate the destruction of rural building due to the flood impact. The rural building was discretized into 7950 8-node block elements and 4098 Goodman elements to simulate the brick and mortar respectively. The rule impact loading of flood on rural building was calculated using the criterion of gravity similarity according to test results. Finally, the stress, the displacement and the failure process of the rural building are studied. Firstly, the mortar element locates on the wall between the door and the window failure and more and more mortar and brick elements failure with the increasing loading. Finally, the right wall was damaged because the door and the right window decreased its stiffness. Because the failure mortar and brick elements decrease the stiffness of the structure, the displacements of the rural building increased nonlinearly with the increasing loading.

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Su, Ying She. "Study on Energy Conservation of External Wall Structure of Rural Houses in Cold Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.716.

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According to the status of the northern rural architecture analysis, the prevalence of high energy consumption, low comfort features, it is essential to design energy-efficient buildings in rural areas. Article research and analyze the layout of rural buildings, a variety of energy-saving technologies and building design measures development and utilization of new energy sources and other issues that can make rural buildings to save energy and improve the environmental quality of living of farmers. It also put forward some reasonable suggestions for carrying out residential building energy efficiency in cold areas.

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Mehta, Kedar, Wilfried Zörner, and Rick Greenough. "Residential Building Construction Techniques and the Potential for Energy Efficiency in Central Asia: Example from High-Altitude Rural Settlement in Kyrgyzstan." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 8869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238869.

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Building construction in rural Kyrgyzstan is heavily dominated by earthen buildings. Old and inappropriate residential building structures contribute significantly to high domestic space heating energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the relevant building construction techniques. However, the scant information on Kyrgyz building techniques, especially for high-altitude rural settlements, was the prime motivation to perform the presented study. The key objective of the study is to investigate residential building construction techniques in high-altitude rural Kyrgyzstan, and this was to be achieved by house visits during field trips, literature review, and pilot interviews with local people. The analysis enabled the detailed identification of individual building envelopes as well as predominant building materials to be recorded. Based on the assessment, a housing profile was created that represents the typical characteristics of traditional rural Kyrgyz houses. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the potential for energy savings in rural Kyrgyz houses of 50–70%. However, local conditions prevent people from making improvements to all domestic energy efficiency parameters simultaneously. Therefore, the study developed a ‘sequential roadmap’ to reduce domestic space heating demand in different phases based on simulation studies. Existing low-income rural Kyrgyz habitations can use the presented roadmap to reduce domestic space heating demand sequentially to overcome financial barriers and, therefore, contribute to establishing sustainable buildings in Kyrgyzstan. These results may be partially replicated in other Central Asian rural communities depending on their location and building characteristics.

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Feng, Haichao, Ruonan Wang, and He Zhang. "Research on Carbon Emission Characteristics of Rural Buildings Based on LMDI-LEAP Model." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 7, 2022): 9269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249269.

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Based on the emission factor method and LMDI-LEAP model, this paper systematically studies the current situation, influencing factors and changing trend of carbon emissions from rural buildings in a typical village located in southern China. The results showed that (1) the per capita carbon emissions generated by the energy consumption of rural buildings is 2.58 tCO2/a. Carbon emissions from electricity consumption in buildings account for about 96.07%; (2) the per capita building area, building area energy intensity, population size, population structure and carbon emission coefficient affect rural building carbon emissions, with contribution rates of 70.13%, 31.27%, 0.61%, −1.21% and −0.80%, respectively; (3) from 2021 to 2060, the carbon emissions of rural buildings are expected to increase first and then decrease. In 2021, the base year, carbon emissions from buildings were 2755.49 tCO2. The carbon emissions will peak at 5275.5 tCO2. Measures such as controlling the scale of buildings and improving the utilization rate of clean energy can effectively reduce carbon emissions, in which case the peak can be reduced to 4830.06 tCO2. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions about rural building energy saving and emission reduction are proposed, including improving the construction management, raising energy efficiency standards in buildings, increasing the proportion of clean energy and raising residents’ awareness of energy conservation.

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White, Dan. "The Rural Library Project: Building Libraries, Building Community." Public Library Quarterly 33, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2014.910721.

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Webster, Emma, Margaret Thomas, Narelle Ong, and Linda Cutler. "Rural Research Capacity Building Program: capacity building outcomes." Australian Journal of Primary Health 17, no. 1 (2011): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10060.

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The Rural Research Capacity Building Program commenced in 2006 with the aim of developing research skills in rural health workers. The program was based on the capacity building principles of workforce development, organisational development, resource allocation, partnership and leadership. Qualitative methods were used to assess capacity building outcomes. A sample of candidates from the 2006 and 2007 cohorts were selected for interview using stratified random sampling and supplemental purposive sampling. Twenty-five individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with candidates, their managers and mentors. Interviews were thematically analysed. The program components of teaching, mentoring and networking led to the development of research skills in candidates undertaking the program. This workforce development resulted in workplace change, particularly where the candidate’s project was ‘close to practice’ and they had management support. The leadership shown and partnerships developed by the program managers enhanced the workforce development and organisational change outcomes. Resources, such as backfill and incidentals, were useful for candidates, but practicalities, such as availability of replacement staff, limited effectiveness. This study showed the value of using a capacity building framework and demonstrated that undertaking research on a topic close to practice positioned candidates to drive change within their organisation.

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Li, Xue Ping. "Applied Research on Straw Bale in Northwest Rural Residential Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3815.

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The straw bale is a kind of eco-energy saving building material. Straw bale construction is a building which it use straw bales as the wall materials. Based on the investigation of rural residential buildings status, climatic characteristics and energy consumption status in northwest rural areas, raw material supply, construction cost and construction technology of straw bale building, thermal insulation and fire resistance properties of straw bale, environmental protection characteristic and so on were analyzed, it could make people aware of the straw bale can be used as an ideal material instead of solid clay brick in northwest rural residential building, and it could be extensive used and popularized in rural residential building.

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Buzalo, Nina, Irina Platonova, Nadezhda Tsaritova, and Igor Kosogov. "Experience in inspection of operated rural school buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809037.

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Summarizing the experience of examining school buildings built in rural areas in 1950 - 1990, the article draws conclusions about their technical condition and compliance with the requirements of modern regulatory documents. All surveyed school buildings do not meet the requirements for resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures, accessibility for all categories of low-mobile groups of the population. The article presents the results of a survey of a high school building in the Oblivsky district of the Rostov region and a high school building in the village of Karaichevskaya in the Rostov region, high school building in the Kuibyshev district of the Rostov region. A number of defects and damages were found in the buildings under investigation. The analysis of the experience of survey of school buildings located in rural areas of the Rostov region.

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Wang, Chang Feng, and Guo Qiang Fan. "Unscrambling the Building Envelope Insulation Technique in "Tianjin Energy Efficiency Design Standard for Rural Residential Buildings"." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1519.

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In order to solve problems of high energy consumption and poor indoor thermal comfort in existing rural residential buildings, Tianjin city developed Tianjin energy efficiency standard for rural residential buildings, the building envelope insulation technique in the standard-including determination of heat transfer coefficient, principle of choosing insulation materials for building envelope, energy efficiency standards of walls, windows, and roofs are unscrambled particularly in this paper. It is suggested that natural materials and appropriate techniques are used to achieve the energy-saving goal for rural residential buildings with minimum energy consumption.

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Lyle, David, and Charles Kerr. "Building Capacity in Rural Health." New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 12, no. 6 (2001): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/nb01052.

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Cannarella, Carmelo, and Valeria Piccioni. "Knowledge building in rural areas." International Journal of Rural Management 1, no. 1 (June 2005): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097306800400100102.

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Li, Xue Ping, and Zeng Feng Yan. "Energy-Saving Design of Rural Residential Building in Cold Region." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2740.

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There are serious energy-saving problems in cold region of rural residential buildings. On one hand, it needs the higher levels energy because of the particular climatic conditions, on the other hand, people in cold regions lack of energy-saving consciousness and technology. Through analyzing the rural residential building status and existing energy-saving problems in cold region of China, the author discussed and summarized the energy-saving design methods of rural residential building in cold region from three aspects, including the energy-saving of residential building size design, the energy-saving of building envelope structure design, and use of renewable energy. The research provides a reference for promoting socialism new rural reconstruction in China.

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Lin, Junhang. "Research on Village Planning and Rural Architectural Design Based on Discrete Dynamic Modeling Technology." Scientific Programming 2022 (January 17, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9031664.

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With the advent of the era of big data, the combination of science and technology and urban and rural planning has become the focus of many countries. The improvement of village planning and the redesign of rural buildings can promote the rapid development of villages and strengthen rural cohesion. Based on the above situation, this paper proposes a dynamic programming algorithm combined with discrete dynamic modeling technology to improve rural planning. Firstly, the dynamic programming algorithm is used to reconstruct the village layout and optimize the original village model. The dynamic monitoring technology is used to update the dynamic data in real time to provide specific information for the follow-up rural architectural design. Secondly, the dynamic modeling technology is used to build the building model, which can calculate the building location and building angle of the village. In order to further improve village development, we also put forward the concept of green building design. The performance of traditional modeling technology and discrete dynamic modeling technology in the green building design model is compared. The results show that the discrete dynamic modeling technology can improve the overall performance of rural buildings and improve the operation efficiency of the system in the batch design of green buildings. The village layout improved by dynamic planning reduces the specific travel distance of villagers and provides effective help for rural construction and economic development. Compared with traditional modeling technology, dynamic modeling technology has a shorter workflow and less time. Discrete dynamic modeling technology can realize dynamic batch architecture design and has higher applicability than traditional algorithms.

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Pan, Wente, and Hongyuan Mei. "A Design Strategy for Energy-Efficient Rural Houses in Severe Cold Regions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 6, 2020): 6481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186481.

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In the past decade, Chinese urban areas have seen rapid development, and rural areas are becoming the next construction hotspot. The development of rural buildings in China has lagged behind urban development, and there is a lack of energy-efficient rural buildings. Rural houses in severe cold regions have the characteristics of large energy exchange, a long heating cycle, and low construction costs. Energy consumption is a crucial issue for rural houses in severe cold regions. How to balance the energy efficiency and building cost become a crucial problem. To solve this problem, we investigate the energy consumption of rural housing in cold regions, using Longquan Village in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, as a case study. A low-energy design framework is established that considers the spatial layout, building type, enclosure system, and heating system. With the support of project funds, a demonstration house is constructed, and the energy savings performance of the building is investigated during the heating period. The results indicate that the energy savings rate of the demonstration house is 66%. The demonstration building enables local residents to learn construction methods for low-energy houses and promotes energy efficiency.

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Schmitz, David F., Sharon Casapulla, Davis G. Patterson, and Randall Longenecker. "Building Rural Primary Care Research by Connecting Rural Programs." Annals of Family Medicine 21, Suppl 2 (February 2023): S82—S83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.2928.

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Yang, Zhi Xiong, Ting Ma, Jie Huang, and Yu Liu. "Research on Energy Saving Reconstruction Strategy of Rural School Building in Guanzhong Area - A Case Study of Guocun Primary School in Xi'an City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1741–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1741.

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As an important component of the construction of a new socialist countryside, the rural school building is the important infrastructure of new rural cultural construction. This paper takes rural schools of Guanzhong area as research object, combining the geographical environment characteristics with social development conditions to field investigate, and analyzes rural school construction and its status in Guanzhong area. On the basis of the investigation and analysis, this paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of design and usage of the existing rural school buildings, and proposes energy-saving strategy which is suitable for rural school building.

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Garbalinska, H. "The Current Problems of Building Physics in Rural Building." Bauphysik 24, no. 1 (January 2002): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bapi.200200090.

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Nova Hari Santhi and Oktamuliza Rahayu. "EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN PERKOTAAN DAN PEDESAAN (PBB P2) DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR (Studi Kasus Pada Kecamatan Selong)." GEMILANG: Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi 2, no. 3 (July 23, 2022): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56910/gemilang.v2i3.79.

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The purpose of this study is to (1) determine the level of efficiency of collecting Land tax and Urban and Rural Buildings in Selong District, East Lombok Regency, (2) find out the effectiveness level of Land and Urban and Rural Building Tax Collection in Selong District, East Lombok Regency, (3) find out the factors that affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of the collection of Land and Urban and Rural Building Tax (PBB P2) in Selong District, East Lombok Regency. This type of research is a case study conducted in Selong District, East Lombok Regency. The data collection techniques used are interviews and documentation, while the data analysis techniques used are quantitative data analysis techniques. Quantitative data analysis is used to calculate the level of efficiency and effectiveness of collecting Land tax and Urban and Rural Buildings in Selong District (2015-2018). Through the interview obtained the factors affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of collecting the Land and Building Tax. The results showed that (1) the efficiency of collecting Land and Building Tax in Selong District, East Lombok Regency in 2015 was 0.621%, in 2016 it was 0.313%, 2017 was 0.526%, and in 2018 it was 0.598%. Thus the collection of Land and Building Tax in Selong District, East Lombok Regency runs very efficiently. (2) The effectiveness rate of land and building tax collection in Selong District, East Lombok Regency in 2015 was 60.56% in 2016 at 64.94%, 2017 at 66.95% and 2018 at 65.15%. Thus, the collection of Land and Building Tax in Selong District, East Lombok Regency runs quite effectively. (3) The most influencing factor in collecting land tax and urban and rural buildings in Selong district, East Lombok Regency is that with good communication, it is hoped that taxpayers can better know the importance of land and building tax revenues for the regions.

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Khakian, Reza, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Farshid Aram, Soghra Zoroufchi Benis, Amir Mosavi, and Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy. "Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102593.

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The energy performance of buildings and energy-saving measures have been widely investigated in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to buildings located in rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the energy performance of two-story residential buildings located in the mountainous village of Palangan in Iran and to evaluate the impact of multiple parameters, namely building orientation, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glazing type, shading devices, and insulation, on its energy performance. To attain a nearly zero energy building design in rural areas, the building is equipped with photovoltaic modules. The proposed building design is then economically evaluated to ensure its viability. The findings indicate that an energy saving of 29% can be achieved compared to conventional buildings, and over 22 MWh of electricity can be produced on an annual basis. The payback period is assessed at 21.7 years. However, energy subsidies are projected to be eliminated in the near future, which in turn may reduce the payback period.

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Zhong, Ming Fang. "Research on Traditional Stone Buildings in West Hunan Rural Areas." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.218.

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Stone buildings have long history in west Hunan, stone is one of the most important building material that has been widely used in traditional building, village and town constructions especially in rural mountainous minority areas where rock resource is abundant. Stone is natural and compatible with the environment. Buildings built with local natural stone material in west Hunan minority areas are worth studying considering sustainable development and culture protection. Stone slab masonry in the south with grey limestone slabs and rubble masonry in the north with brown rubbles are two different types. Stone dominates the exterior, while the interior and main structures are built of wood like most of the traditional Chinese buildings. Traditional building techniques are passed on in the stone buildings while they also form the unique culture image of west Hunan rural areas.

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Netsch, Stefan, and Katharina Gugerell. "Reuse of Churches in Urban and Rural Dutch Landscapes." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 22, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2019-0009.

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Abstract European churches are confronted with the challenge of finding new uses for their church buildings. Due to a lack of members and income, the maintenance of their buildings cannot be ensured in the future; therefore, new applications and users are to be found. This task poses a considerable challenge, especially in a to a certain extent provincial and conservative country like the Netherlands, where people, even irreligious ones, perceive the church as a building that belongs to them. Besides having to deal with the building in an architectural way, there is a wide range of possibilities for reusing it; for example, community-based or mixed uses, commercial or residential ones. The eventual solution is mainly based on the church’s building type, the influence of the neighborhood, the owner’s financial possibilities, and the location. One of the present study’s main results suggests that uses which serve the community are more likely to be found in rural areas, consequently reflecting the importance of those buildings there.

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Li, Han. "The Present Situation of Rural Housing and the Seismic Performance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1486.

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In recent years, the security of rural building has attracted more and more attention. The analysis of the existing problems of rural building summarized the distribution of dangerous points, and the use of finite element analysis method was carried out on the typical farmhouse seismic time history analysis to find out seismic weak places in the masonry structure buildings. Then the study also shows that the system with ring beam and structural concrete column has good reinforcement effect. This study plays an important role in improving the rural housing construction measures and the seismic performance of the building.

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Fries-Briggs, Gabriel. "Inclusive Rural Spaces in Architecture Education." Journal of Public Space 7, no. 2 (June 26, 2022): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v7i2.1465.

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Pedagogies of building systems in architectural education are traditionally framed as the technical knowledge guiding construction, material applications, structures, and mechanical building services. This paper provides a framework and a case study for centering inclusive and universal design principles in the teaching of building systems with a focus on designing public spaces for rural and aging populations. It proposes methods for integrating design accountability, sustainable environmental practices, and cultural contexts into architectural design and education.Public spaces, services, and resources are spread thinly outside of cities and denser communities, creating barriers to access for aging populations among others. This pedagogical framework for inclusive rural architecture focuses on post offices as one of the few public institutions in rural communities and a vital conduit to essential services (particularly during health crises). In the speculative space of architecture curriculum, students conceived of additional services and programs to rethink the role of post offices in communities. These programs targeted accessibility barriers by providing digital resource centers, transportation hubs, and community gathering spaces.The flexibility, adaptability, and comfort at the core of universal design principles provide a lens for understanding sustainable environmental techniques. Adaptable buildings constructed with replaceable and reusable parts allow for repair and resiliency over time. Material and structural systems designed for intuitive use and presentation of information promote accessible communication. Passive systems design enables comfort in dialog with the environment and a reduction in required energy. However as passive systems often require building operability, inclusive design principles call for building systems to be operable by diverse users. Post office projects in this case study integrated universal design principles to achieve energy efficient buildings that respond to changing climates and rural cultural contexts.Replacing minimum standards for accessibility within curricula with inclusive design criteria is also enacted through methodologies. While educational institutions are clustered in urban areas, many students come from or have ties to rural communities. The focus on rural public spaces and aging populations is a means for students to bring their own diverse backgrounds, places of origin, and histories into their academic studies. In combining methods of engaged research with a universal design-focused pedagogy for building systems, students expand technical knowledge of architectural design with the objective of creating equitable and inclusive public spaces. Read the full article in accessible html-format here.

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Li, Ling. "Research on Status and Improvement of Indoor Thermal Environment for Existing New Rural Building in Chengdu." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 03038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124803038.

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Through the practical measurement and theoretical calculation of the indoor thermal parameters about the existing new rural building in Chengdu, this paper concludes that the indoor thermal environment of Chengdu is very poor. In addition, we propose an energy saving improvement scheme according to the “Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Rural Residential Buildings” GB/T50824-2013 and the local characters of Chengdu. We also simulate the indoor thermal environment of existing new rural building and improved building using Design-Builder software. As compared with the existing new rural building, we know that the improved building has greatly improved in the indoor thermal environment. The indoor average temperature decreases 2°C-6°C in summer and rises 2°C -7.7°C in winter. As to the humidity between 30% and 60%, the rise rate of each room reaches above 12.9% in summer and reaches 28.8% in winter. The rise rate of PMV index of -1 to +1 reaches above 68.4% in summer and 54.4% in winter from below 20%. The improved building meets the living requirements for local resident in most time.

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Gong, Tongdan, Wenjie Zhang, Jinhan Liang, Changqing Lin, and Kai Mao. "Forecast and Analysis of the Total Amount of Civil Buildings in China in the Future Based on Population Driven." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 14051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132414051.

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Controlling the scale of civil buildings is of great significance for energy saving and emission reduction in the construction field. This paper analyzes and extracts the key index parameters for the calculation of various civil building areas, establishes a detailed calculation model of the total civil building area, and constructs three different scenarios to predict various civil building areas in China from 2020 to 2060. Under the three scenarios, the total amount of civil buildings in China will reach a peak of 93.5, 84.6, and 76.3 billion m2 in 2040, 2035, and 2035, respectively. Under the constraints of energy consumption and carbon emission, this paper suggests that civil buildings develop according to the medium control scenario. In 2035, the urban per capita residential area will reach a peak of 42 m2, the urban residential area will reach 43 billion m2, the rural per capita residential area will reach the peak of 55 m2, the rural residential area will reach 20.6 billion m2, and the public building area will reach 21 billion m2. By 2060, the total area of civil buildings will drop to 76.5 billion m2, including 37.1 billion m2 of urban residential buildings, 18.5 billion m2 of rural residential buildings, and 20.9 billion m2 of public buildings.

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Bovo, Marco, Alberto Barbaresi, Daniele Torreggiani, and Patrizia Tassinari. "Report on earthquake-induced failures of rural buildings aimed at future preservation strategies." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 50, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2019.930.

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The rural landscape is undergoing rapid changes, and catastrophic events, such as earthquakes, can speed up this mutation, bringing to a loss of its traditional signs. In May 2012, two strong seismic events hit the Emilia Romagna region, in northern Italy. Those earthquakes caused several damages and collapses to historical rural buildings, highlighting their high seismic vulnerability. In this paper, damages and collapses collected in the aftermath surveys on 22 rural historical buildings, are presented and commented. It was observed that in the area hit by the earthquake few recurrent typologies are present, and buildings of the same typology showed similar damage mechanisms. Therefore, in order to define the most typical damages affecting rural constructions, the building stock has been classified in different categories, based on plan distribution and intended use of each building. The first criterion suggests considering isolated and composed buildings. The second separates the structures in dwellings for residential use, stable-haylofts and buildings used for other minor services. The outcomes presented in this paper allowed to identify the rural building typologies most vulnerable to earthquakes and to define recurring deficiencies for the various categories. In general, the main reasons of the collapses can be ascribed to lack of effective connections between orthogonal walls, poor connections between floor elements and walls, and excessive flexibility of floor diaphragms.

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ZROBEK, Janusz. "Innovative multifunctionality in building competitive position of rural peripheral areas." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.41.

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Purpose: The aim of the study is to present opportunities for the development of innovative multifunctionality as a driving force of economic growth and improvement of living conditions in rural areas. Design/methodology/approach: The considerations were based on a critical analysis of the literature on the subject and materials obtained from online sources. Findings: The main factor of increasing the potential of rural areas are innovative activities enriching the rural economy, conducive to its compatibility with modern economic and social structures. They contribute significantly to the revitalization of the socio-economic fabric of the countryside, by creating new types of economic activity, developing multifunctionality conducive to creating real foundations for achieving sustainable economic growth. However, the future of the village cannot be built solely on its internal resources. Rural development is largely determined by external forces linked to markets and technology. The countryside requires significant innovative cooperation with external areas. Originality/value: In-depth analysis of the creation and adaptation of multifunctional innovations taking into account the appropriate combination of factors related to the local environment with factors related to general economic changes that brings global interdependence, as well as support for extensive business connections.

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Barkin, David. "Building a Future for Rural Mexico." Latin American Perspectives 33, no. 2 (March 2006): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x05286094.

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Lyons, Thomas S., John S. Lyons, and G. Jason Jolley. "Entrepreneurial skill-building in rural ecosystems." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 9, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 112–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-09-2019-0075.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue that defining, measuring and developing skills are crucial to successful entrepreneurship and that being able to do so can help to build strong rural entrepreneurial ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach The literature on entrepreneurship success and entrepreneurial skills is reviewed, and this knowledge is used to create and describe the Entrepreneurship Skill-building Framework (ESBF), which provides a scaffold for thinking about the identification, measurement and development of essential entrepreneurship skills. The same literature is used to develop a tool for effectuating the ESBF, called the Readiness Inventory for Successful Entrepreneurship (RISE), which assesses entrepreneurship skills using the communimetrics theory of measurement. Findings Both the ESBF and the RISE are detailed, and they are applied to the successful development and maintenance of rural entrepreneurial ecosystems, with an example from practice. Specific implications for rural entrepreneurship-focused economic development are also discussed. Originality/value The ESBF represents a new way of framing entrepreneurship skills and their development. The RISE is a skills assessment tool that is clinical, not predictive, utilizing an innovative theory of measurement. Together, they offer a fresh approach to thinking about the purpose and effective implementation of entrepreneurial ecosystems.

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Krakowiak-Bal, Anna, Urszula Ziemianczyk, and Andrzej Wozniak. "Building entrepreneurial capacity in rural areas." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 23, no. 6 (October 2, 2017): 903–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-07-2017-0223.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to verify the development of economic activities in rural areas in terms of their public infrastructural equipment. Design/methodology/approach As a case study, the Polish rural areas were selected. A two-stage survey was conducted in 2015. The first stage involved entrepreneurs from rural areas. The second stage of survey was data collection for rural areas regarding economic activity and infrastructural equipment. In total, 121 objects (communes) were selected. The multicriteria analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used for the analysis. Findings The results demonstrate that for each kind of business, communication accessibility is the most important criterion. By contrast, environmental awareness and concern for the environment is the least important element for pursuit of the economic activity in rural areas. Research limitations/implications Limitations are connected mainly with the applied AHP method. The number of the comparable elements at the same hierarchy level is limited due to practical purposes. In addition, an assumption of full comparability of elements (criteria and alternatives) in the hierarchy model can be discussed. Furthermore, data quality and availability limit the scope of the empirical work. This study is a major simplification of reality modeling, but it gives practical benefits by simplifying the decision support procedure. Practical implications The findings of this paper contribute to the advancing theory of local development, with public infrastructure being one of its basic elements (factor of production). This paper explores the importance of physical infrastructure for different economic activities, and thus offers theoretical insights in two areas. First, this paper indicates the uneven weight of each infrastructure element for the various business sectors. Second, based on the collected data, this study also contributes to the literature, by using the AHP method to explore the relationships between infrastructural equipment and economic activity in rural areas. As the practical implication for local and regional development policies, this study indicates, that the most important criterion for each kind of economic activity is communication accessibility. This kind of public investment should be undertaken primarily to support entrepreneurship, especially in rural areas. Originality/value The uniqueness of the method lies in assumption about the uneven weights of infrastructure elements and therefore their impact on the process of ranking the objects (rural areas). The weight of individual infrastructure elements will vary depending on the kind of economic activity; therefore, the way of ordering will also be different for each economic activity.

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David, Asella, Justine Braby, Juliane Zeidler, Laudika Kandjinga, and Johnson Ndokosho. "Building adaptive capacity in rural Namibia." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 5, no. 2 (May 10, 2013): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17568691311327604.

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Evans, Meredydd, Sha Yu, Bo Song, Qinqin Deng, Jing Liu, and Alison Delgado. "Building energy efficiency in rural China." Energy Policy 64 (January 2014): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.040.

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Wang, Yanjun, Shaochun Li, Fei Teng, Yunhao Lin, Mengjie Wang, and Hengfan Cai. "Improved Mask R-CNN for Rural Building Roof Type Recognition from UAV High-Resolution Images: A Case Study in Hunan Province, China." Remote Sensing 14, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020265.

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Accurate roof information of buildings can be obtained from UAV high-resolution images. The large-scale accurate recognition of roof types (such as gabled, flat, hipped, complex and mono-pitched roofs) of rural buildings is crucial for rural planning and construction. At present, most UAV high-resolution optical images only have red, green and blue (RGB) band information, which aggravates the problems of inter-class similarity and intra-class variability of image features. Furthermore, the different roof types of rural buildings are complex, spatially scattered, and easily covered by vegetation, which in turn leads to the low accuracy of roof type identification by existing methods. In response to the above problems, this paper proposes a method for identifying roof types of complex rural buildings based on visible high-resolution remote sensing images from UAVs. First, the fusion of deep learning networks with different visual features is investigated to analyze the effect of the different feature combinations of the visible difference vegetation index (VDVI) and Sobel edge detection features and UAV visible images on model recognition of rural building roof types. Secondly, an improved Mask R-CNN model is proposed to learn more complex features of different types of images of building roofs by using the ResNet152 feature extraction network with migration learning. After we obtained roof type recognition results in two test areas, we evaluated the accuracy of the results using the confusion matrix and obtained the following conclusions: (1) the model with RGB images incorporating Sobel edge detection features has the highest accuracy and enables the model to recognize more and more accurately the roof types of different morphological rural buildings, and the model recognition accuracy (Kappa coefficient (KC)) compared to that of RGB images is on average improved by 0.115; (2) compared with the original Mask R-CNN, U-Net, DeeplabV3 and PSPNet deep learning models, the improved Mask R-CNN model has the highest accuracy in recognizing the roof types of rural buildings, with F1-score, KC and OA averaging 0.777, 0.821 and 0.905, respectively. The method can obtain clear and accurate profiles and types of rural building roofs, and can be extended for green roof suitability evaluation, rooftop solar potential assessment, and other building roof surveys, management and planning.

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Benni, Stefano, Elisabetta Carfagna, Daniele Torreggiani, Elisabetta Maino, Marco Bovo, and Patrizia Tassinari. "Multidimensional Measurement of the Level of Consistency of Farm Buildings with Rural Heritage: A Methodology Tested on an Italian Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (August 6, 2019): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154242.

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The industrialization after World War II marked a severe discontinuity between rural heritage and contemporary farm buildings. Rural landscapes have thus become more and more uniform; historical buildings are often abandoned and degraded, while contemporary buildings are often disconnected from their surrounding environment. Besides aiming to protect and restore rural heritage—more and more acknowledged as a common good contributing to societal identity—attention should be paid to increasing the quality of new buildings, a crucial issue to improve landscape quality in everyday landscape contexts. Based on a series of previous studies carried out to develop and test a robust methodology allowing the analysis of the main formal features of rural buildings, organized in a comprehensive framework known as the FarmBuiLD model (Farm Building Landscape Design), this study aims to perform an integrated and compared analysis of sets of traditional and contemporary rural buildings through experimental trials on an Italian case study. In particular, the study focuses on defining and measuring indexes allowing the quantification of the level of consistency of contemporary buildings with the traditional typologies. A contemporary farm building is evaluated based on the distance of each of its formal features from those which proved to be representative of the corresponding traditional building type, evaluated through a cluster analysis of the typological characters of traditional buildings in the study area. The results showed that different degrees of dissonance can be detected. Similarities have been found, in particular with respect to the shape of buildings and their closure with regards to landscape. The major dissonances are related to the perception of buildings as flattened on the ground, due to their excessively elongated shape, and in the case of buildings completely permeable to landscape, this being necessary for structural purposes and for the type of use of historic buildings. The expected impact of this study is to provide designers and planners with indicators allowing the evaluation, on an objective basis, of the level of consistency of new buildings with local rural heritage, thus supporting both design phases and project evaluation as well as building management processes (maintenance, restoration, extension, change in use, etc.).

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Tan, Liang Bin. "The Sustainable Indoor Environment Research and Design of Earth Buildings for Rural People." Applied Mechanics and Materials 147 (December 2011): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.147.50.

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The earth building is a building type with enormous quantity and widely being used in rural section of south-western part. It will dominate for a long time. The environment of traditional earth buildings is very poor because of out-dated ideological limitations and construction mode, it can’t meet the needs of increasingly demanding of local people. So these buildings must recur to modern technologies to integrate fine parts in tradition and form new appropriate technologies. This paper took Yi minority’s houses in Yongren as an example to look for a road opening to rural buildings’ sustainable development.

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Li, Jin Ping, Rong Dan Diao, Si Cong Ma, Xiao Chao Leng, and Chun Long Wang. "Energy Consumption Analysis of a New Rural Green Building." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1716.

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In order to meet farmers’ energy demands of gas, domestic hot water and winter heating with renewable energy in rural areas, according to farmers’ living habits in winter, a 30m2 insulated rural green building made of brick and concrete, was developed to integrate with thermostatic digester heated by solar energy and low-temperature radiant bed. Energy expenditure and thermal economy of the green building were studied at different winter ambient temperature subsequently. The results show that the consumer’s energy demands of gas, hot water and winter heating can be met in the green building even in winter. When the outdoor temperature is -20°C, the indoor’s is higher than 15°C. Compared with traditional rural buildings made of brick and concrete, the new one saves 2.8 tons of standard coal and RMB￥3275 every year and the payback period of investment of the enforced cost is 3.9 years.

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Win, Ei Phyu Sin. "Building Change Detection in Myanmar using Image Processing." International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 2, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.02.11.

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Building change detection makes it is easy to locate buildings from a distance in the sky. They can also observe the development of rural, or urban areas between 10 decade and present. So, higher resolution satellite and aerial pictures are needed to detect buildings. Building shape varies from one to another over the world. Rural areas are sparsely populated, but densely and complexly populated in urban areas. And it is difficult to detect separate buildings from them. To solve obstacles, non-linear filter, line extracting and region thresholding method is used in this research. The test images from the last decade and images of current year are acquired by using google earth pro, and have different spatial resolutions. Detection area is Hlaingthaya Township, Yangon, Myanmar. This system is simulated with MATLAB programming language

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Shun, Rao. "The influence of rural building energy saving design on clean energy heating in winter." Thermal Science 25, no. 4 Part B (2021): 3103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2104103s.

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Taking a typical rural building as an example, the paper compares various factors that affect the heat load of the building, studies related literature and the living habits of rural residents, and suggests that the calculated temperature of the heating room in rural residential buildings in cold areas in winter is 14~17?C. Analyze and compare the initial investment and the investment pay-back period after the thermal insulation measures are adopted for each envelope structure. With the dual goals of energy conservation and economy, it is recommended that rural households with different economic conditions adopt different thermal insulation measures to provide clean heating in rural areas in the cold north. Provide strong technical guidance for energy conservation and emission reduction.

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Dawe, Russell Eric, Karl Stobbe, Yagya Raj Pokharel, and Shrijana Shrestha. "Capacity building in Nepal." Canadian Medical Education Journal 7, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): e51-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.36847.

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Healthcare providers from high-income countries often want to help underserved populations, but providing clinical care is not always a sustainable approach. Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), in Nepal, has taken an innovative approach to capacity building in healthcare. PAHS has partnered with rural family doctors from Canada to provide clinical bedside teaching to medical students in PAHS’s rural program, thereby making a sustainable contribution to healthcare in Nepal.

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McCormack, Sarah. "Building for the future." Project Repository Journal 14, no. 1 (August 27, 2022): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj1419201.

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Building for the future The IDEAS project is an innovative building-integrated RES utilising solar energy, thermal storage and heat pump technologies to generate electricity, heating and cooling. This hybrid energy efficiency application will benefit multi-purpose public and commercial buildings across a range of urban and rural climatic conditions. This will enable families, communities, and businesses to contribute to creating a low-carbon, sustainable future.

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Górecka, Mirosława. "Reasons of realization of low energy consuming houses on rural areas." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 4 (December 8, 2015): 055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1536.

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In the introduction of the paper, the term of low energy consuming building construction and the essence of its realization on rural areas are explained. The basic reasons of building of low energy consuming houses were detailed, such as: the protection of natural environment of rural areas, among others through establishing ecological family farms, reduction of heating costs of rural buildings situated in an open area (belonging mainly to farmers’ families); the possibility of application of unconventional energy sources supporting systems which supply a conventional energy carrier, the systems being often unreliable, ineffective and expensive for the consumers.

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AKIN GÜLER, Gülşen, and Emrah GÖKALTUN. "CLIMATE-RESPONSIVE ARCHITECTURE IN ESKISEHIR RURAL RESIDENTIAL AREA: THE CASE OF TURKMENTOKAT VILLAGE AND KARATEPE VILLAGE." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 25 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.07.

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Aim: This survey was conducted to examine the adaptability of Eskişehir's rural residential buildings to climate. Method: In the study, in line with the data obtained on the planning, architectural design, and details during the field studies in the Odunpazarı, Eskişehir district in Türkmentokat and Karatepe villages, we have evaluated the adaptation to the climate on settlement, building and place, building envelopes and elements scale for the moderate-dry climate type in Eskişehir, based on the previously-mentioned scientific data. Results: The study reveals that the samples examined in Eskişehir's rural residential buildings were manufactured in balance with the climate including settlement, building and place, building envelope and elements, from planning to detail. Conclusion: It is recommended to conserve the existing local architectural heritage in terms of adaptation to the climate in the villages and continue this approach by using the acquired lessons on being balanced with the climate in the newly designed buildings.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rural building'

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