Journal articles: 'RURAL APPLICATIONS'

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Roy, Debasish. "Mobile Applications for Rural India." International Journal of Green Computing 3, no. 2 (July 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgc.2012070101.

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Some of the most notable rural mobile applications attempt to improve rural livelihood productivity by making information available to farmers and fishermen on market prices, weather forecasts and other critical news, while mobile banking targets the unbanked and under banked rural populations. Corporations which have spearheaded these rural mobile applications have diverse core competence, like Thomson Reuters’ reliable and critical information, Tata Telecom is the leading telecom service provider and Iffco is a premier fertilizer company, EKO and FINO are startups. Do these companies believe that developing mobile applications for rural communities in India is “Innovations at the Bottom of the Pyramid which will be Core Drivers of the next practices” (Pralhad, 2005)? With their initial limited experience of mobile applications for rural India how did these companies set about understanding the needs of the rural people and developing mobile applications? This paper makes an in depth study of two best in class rural mobile application initiatives, i.e., Reuters Market Light and EKO by studying the situation, the actors, and the process. The learning from case study of these two companies is used to develop a framework for successful implementation of rural mobile applications targeted at rural India and strategizes how these can make more of an impacted if scaled up.

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HASSOL, ANDREA, CAROL IRVIN, GARY GAUMER, DENA PUSKIN, CAROLE MINTZER, and JIM GRIGSBY. "Rural Applications of Telemedicine." Telemedicine Journal 3, no. 3 (January 1997): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/tmj.1.1997.3.215.

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Kulkarni, Shriram. "Porto Solar for Rural Applications." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 3964–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.5654.

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Coldevin, Gary. "Video Applications in Rural Development∗." Educational Media International 25, no. 4 (January 1988): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0952398880250406.

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Enibe, S. O. "Solar refrigeration for rural applications." Renewable Energy 12, no. 2 (October 1997): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-1481(97)00036-0.

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Mu, Lan, Yusi Liu, Donglan Zhang, Yong Gao, Michelle Nuss, Janani Rajbhandari-Thapa, Zhuo Chen, et al. "Rurality and Origin–Destination Trajectories of Medical School Application and Matriculation in the United States." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10060417.

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Physician shortages are more pronounced in rural than in urban areas. The geography of medical school application and matriculation could provide insights into geographic differences in physician availability. Using data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), we conducted geospatial analyses, and developed origin–destination (O–D) trajectories and conceptual graphs to understand the root cause of rural physician shortages. Geographic disparities exist at a significant level in medical school applications in the US. The total number of medical school applications increased by 38% from 2001 to 2015, but the number had decreased by 2% in completely rural counties. Most counties with no medical school applicants were in rural areas (88%). Rurality had a significant negative association with the application rate and explained 15.3% of the variation at the county level. The number of medical school applications in a county was disproportional to the population by rurality. Applicants from completely rural counties (2% of the US population) represented less than 1% of the total medical school applications. Our results can inform recruitment strategies for new medical school students, elucidate location decisions of new medical schools, provide recommendations to close the rural–urban gap in medical school applications, and reduce physician shortages in rural areas.

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Mondal, Subrata. "Potential of Nanotechnology for Rural Applications." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 45, no. 7 (February 1, 2020): 5011–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04332-5.

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Roy, Debasish. "A Perspective of Adoption of Mobile Applications in Rural India." International Journal of Green Computing 5, no. 1 (January 2014): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgc.2014010105.

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Rural mobile application are designed for various purposes, ranging from reaching information regarding government schemes, agricultural best practices, market prices, fishing zones and weather forecasts, to facilitating money transfer, opening and operating a bank account for saving money and to receive money directly to the bank account for various government schemes and subsidies. This paper examines the critical success factors and inhibitors that affect adoption of the mobile applications and the effect on continued usage. A questionnaire survey was done to gather data for this study. Results indicate that last mile barriers act as inhibitors to adoption. Adoption behavior of rural people do not exhibit a correlation with the ease of use of the application. Social influence has a strong influence on adoption behavior, which will enable policy makers and practitioners to evolve the right penetration strategy. Perceived usefulness has a strong influence on adoption. The results reiterate the increasing positive impact of rural mobile applications on day to day working of rural people.

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Norton, B., P. C. Eames, Y. P. Yadav, and P. W. Griffiths. "Inverted absorber solar concentrators for rural applications." International Journal of Ambient Energy 18, no. 3 (July 1997): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.1997.9675269.

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Stetson, L. E. "Electrical codes and standards in rural applications." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 34, no. 6 (1998): 1419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.739030.

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Patwardhan, P. K. "Distributed Renewable Energy Systems for Rural Applications." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 23, no. 8 (August 1990): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)51440-8.

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Aguilar, Fernando J., Fernando Carvajal, Manuel A. Aguilar, and Francisco Agüera. "Developing digital cartography in rural planning applications." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 55, no. 2 (February 2007): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2006.12.008.

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Pringle, Ian, and M. J. R. David. "Rural Community ICT Applications: The Kothmale Model." Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 8, no. 1 (April 2002): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2002.tb00048.x.

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Samadhana. "Applications of Pervious Concrete in Road Pavements." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 172–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49948.

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Abstract: Pervious concrete is a relatively new concept for rural road pavement, with increase into the problems in rural areas related to the low ground water level, agricultural problem. Pervious concrete has introduced in rural road as a road pavement material. Pervious concrete as a paving material has seen renewed interest due to its ability to allow water to flow through itself to recharge groundwater level and minimize storm water runoff. This introduction to pervious concrete pavements reviews its applications and engineering properties, including environmental benefits, structural properties, and durability. In rural area cost consideration is the primary factor which must be kept in mind. So that in rural areas costly storm water management practices is not applicable. Pervious concrete pavement is unique and effective means to meet growing environmental demands. By capturing rainwater and allowing it to seep into the ground. This This pavement technology creates more efficient land use by eliminating the need for retention.

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Alabdali, Salem Ahmed, Salvatore Flavio Pileggi, and Dilek Cetindamar. "Influential Factors, Enablers, and Barriers to Adopting Smart Technology in Rural Regions: A Literature Review." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (May 11, 2023): 7908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15107908.

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Smart Technology is a quickly and constantly evolving concept; it has different applications that cover a wide range of areas, such as healthcare, education, business, agriculture, and manufacturing. An effective application of these technologies increases productivity and performance within complex systems. On one side, trends show a lack of appeal for rural environments as people prefer to move to cities, looking for better opportunities and lifestyles. On the other side, recent studies and reports show that the attractiveness of rural areas as places with opportunities is increasing. Sustainable solutions are needed to enhance development in the rural context, and technological innovation is expected to lead and support the stability for people and organizations in rural regions. While Smart City is progressively becoming a reality and a successful model for integrating Smart Technology into different aspects of everyday life, its effective application in a rural context according to a Sustainable Development approach is not yet completely defined. This study adopts comparative and categorial content analysis to address the different applications and the specific characteristics of rural regions, which often present significant peculiarities depending on the country and the context. The main goal is to investigate and discuss how the Smart City model may be adopted and effectively applied within rural contexts, looking at major gaps and challenges. Additionally, because of the complexity of the topic, we provide an overview of the current adoption of Smart Technology in the different applications in rural areas, including farming, education, business, healthcare, and governance. The study highlights the huge difficulties in rural life and the potentiality of Smart Technology to enhance their Sustainable Development, which is still challenging. While the holistic analysis clearly points out a gap, there is no specific strategic roadmap to re-use or adapt existing models, such as Smart City. The study does not address fine-grained indicators.

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Yarosh, V. A., A. V. Efanov, S. S. Yastrebov, and E. E. Privalov. "Application of Common Information Models for integration of rural electric networks information systems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1138, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1138/1/012039.

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Abstract Geoinformation systems (GIS), regime and technological software complexes (RTSC), Outage Management System (OMS), Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE), Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA), automated information and measurement systems of power control and accounting (AIMS ECA) and other systems are widely used in the electric-power engineering. All systems have different ways of representation, storage, transformation of information and solve different problems, but initially use the description of the same objects of rural electric networks. A rural electric networks object is described as a set of graphical and semantic information. The information systems duplicate the information about the rural electric networks objects. Thus, the relevance of integration of information systems is obvious. The article considers representation of initial information about rural electric networks objects; variants and expressions describing the integration; application of exchange formats. The solution to integration problems lies in applying a universal format for exchanging the same type of data between different applications. All applications must support the Common Information Model (CIM). CIM is an object-oriented data description using XML terminology and methods. This model will solve the issue of integrating applications from different vendors and ensuring the independence of application users from its developer.

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Csata, Andrea. "Analysis of Accessing Rural Development Funds." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Economics and Business 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eb-2018-0006.

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Abstract The present study aims to analyse successful projects of the Romanian Rural Development Funds from different perspectives based on a county level. The framework of the analysis focuses on two periods: one before the accession, the 2002–2006 period of SAPARD applications, and the other one, the first period of the Rural Development Programme, more specifically, the period between 2007 and 2013. Results show that there is a positive correlation between applications and targeted areas based on infrastructure, tourism, and agriculture indicators. Findings also highlight that there is a positive correlation between the number of previous applications (SAPARD applications before the accession) and the grant size of current applications. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between the grant size of previous applications and the size of current applications. Cluster analysis revealed important social changes: on the one hand, the western counties of Romania (Bihor, Arad, Timiş, and Cluj) have strengthened their position, while other counties are lagging behind.

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Csata, Andrea. "Analysis of Accessing Rural Development Funds." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Economics and Business 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auseb-2018-0006.

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AbstractThe present study aims to analyse successful projects of the Romanian Rural Development Funds from different perspectives based on a county level. The framework of the analysis focuses on two periods: one before the accession, the 2002–2006 period of SAPARD applications, and the other one, the first period of the Rural Development Programme, more specifically, the period between 2007 and 2013. Results show that there is a positive correlation between applications and targeted areas based on infrastructure, tourism, and agriculture indicators. Findings also highlight that there is a positive correlation between the number of previous applications (SAPARD applications before the accession) and the grant size of current applications. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between the grant size of previous applications and the size of current applications. Cluster analysis revealed important social changes: on the one hand, the western counties of Romania (Bihor, Arad, Timiş, and Cluj) have strengthened their position, while other counties are lagging behind.

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Dennis Joseph, Souvik Roy,. "Sustainability of the Smart phone applications usage in rural India –An empirical study." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.1554.

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The Indian smart phone applications market is really flourishing with India ranked as number one in terms of the downloads made via Android and Google play store. However the smart phone application penetration is still low in rural India as compared to its urban part. This study is first of its kind which tries to explore two things, one the reasons, why rural Indian market is not growing in terms of smart phone application downloads/usage and second some antecedents that can affect the behavioral intention of rural customers for increased smart phone application usage. For this study authors resorted to ethnographic in-depth interview during pre-test stage followed by collecting of responses through administrated questionnaires in the second part. Around 346 responses were collected from ten villages in Rangareddy district in Telangana state, in India. SEM was used as the statistical tool to run the hypothesis. In terms of smart phone application development, this study is unique one which tries to throw light immensely on how the marketers/developers can increase the sustainability of smart application usage among rural consumers which happens to be an untouched profitable segment till this point of time.

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Kazmina, Lyudmila, Elena Shevchenko, and Vadim Makarenko. "The application potential of mobile excursion applications for the rural tourism development in the Rostov region." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 09009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127309009.

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The present article is concerned with usability of smartphone applications in the field of tourism and excursions to expand rural tourism in the territory of the Rostov region. Analysis of the market of smartphone touristic applications, their relevance in regard to various parameters (preferred territories, user age), geography of arrival, growth rate of user count. Recommendations on the development of smartphone application usage in the field of rural tourism with consideration of the existing possibilities and prospects.

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Bull, Kay Sather, and C. R. (Bob) Davis. "Using the microcomputer with gifted and talented: Rural applications." Rural Special Education Quarterly 8, no. 4 (December 1987): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875687058700800407.

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This paper reviews the conventional uses of microcomputer technology as they apply to gifted students in rural settings. Among the areas reviewed are CAI, CMI, programming using several languages, rural technology applications, use of the microcomputer in gifted and rural settings, and evaluation of software for use with gifted students.

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Sholihin, Mahfud, Ahmad Zaki, and Aviandi Okta Maulana. "Do Islamic rural banks consider Islamic morality in assessing credit applications?" Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 9, no. 4 (July 9, 2018): 498–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-01-2018-0015.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate whether Islamic morality is considered by Islamic rural banks in credit application assessments. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the objective, the authors conduct an exploratory analysis of data gathered through document analysis, focus group discussions and interviews with Islamic rural banks stakeholders. Additionally, the authors conduct a survey to validate the findings. Findings The authors find that while Islamic rural banks conduct conventional credit analysis using 5Cs (character, capacity, collateral, capital and conditions), the banks also consider Islamic morality in their credit decisions. They emphasise several indicators such as reputation for keeping promises to customers, to suppliers, to neighbours and the Islamic character (akhlaq) of the credit applicants. Overall, the authors conclude that Islamic rural banks consider Islamic morality in their credit assessments. Originality/value To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first study using a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approach to investigate how Islamic rural banks assess the credit applications. In particular, this study examines whether Islamic rural banks consider Islamic morality in their credit decisions.

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Vasilevska, Ljiljana. "Possibilities of applications of the rural development programs." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 5, no. 1 (2007): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace0701025v.

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The problem researched in this paper refers to the possibilities of applications of the rural development programs in the framework of the regional development programs and regional policy. Namely, the rural areas are one of resources of a given region, its potential or limitation, and therefore actively participate in the process of endogen development of the region, and the reactivation of its developmental potential. The village restoration program is thus considered a plan element, of the integrated approach to the spatial planning, defined at a national and operationalized at a regional and a local level as a means of more regular and endogenously based regional and rural development. .

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Matejcek, Astrid, and Julia Verne. "Mobile Applications to Secure Tenure in Rural Tanzania." Culture Unbound 13, no. 3 (January 19, 2022): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.1535.

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In light of climate change, projected population growth, increasing conflicts over land and the question of food security, the Tanzanian government takes the respective visions of environmental futures as a cause and justification for particular measures in the here and now. One such modality through which agricultural futures in the Kilombero Valley are currently made present and decided upon is the use of the Mobile Application to Secure Tenure (MAST). Through the use of this application, on the one hand, a more capital-friendly land legislation should be developed. On the other hand, by issuing Certificates of Customary Rights of Occupancy (CCRO), which are supposed to offer a certain security to current land users, expected conflicts are sought to be reduced and prevented. Thus, by examining the use of MAST and the particular ways in which it renders possible futures actionable, we contribute to ongoing research that aims to illustrate how “humans [...] do not own and shape ‘their’ future alone” (Granjou et al. 2017: 8). While such technologies are generally developed and employed to increase certainty, following the implementation and effects of MAST, in particular, we will show how the specific materiality of this mobile application not only allows to secure tenure, but at the same time creates new insecurities that contribute to the complex emergence of environmental futures in this part of rural Tanzania.

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Goel, Shalini. "Education on Satellite Imagery Applications for Rural Development." Indian Journal of Public Administration 56, no. 4 (October 2010): 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120100401.

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Librero, Felix. "Telecommunications Applications in Rural Development in the Philippines." Media Asia 26, no. 1 (January 1999): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.1999.11726574.

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ZHEN, FANG. "Rural Energy Resources: Applications and Consumption in China." Energy Sources 16, no. 2 (April 1994): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319408909074.

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KAYGUSUZ, KAMIL. "Rural Energy Resources: Applications and Consumption in Turkey." Energy Sources 19, no. 6 (July 1997): 549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319708908871.

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Pearce, David. "Rural electrification for development: Policy analysis and applications." Energy Policy 16, no. 4 (August 1988): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(88)90196-6.

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Lassey, William R., and Nicholas P. Lovrich. "A rural development model with potential international applications." Journal of Rural Studies 1, no. 3 (January 1985): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(85)90109-3.

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Dabbour, M., and S. Arafa. "Silicone glazing for solar applications in rural areas." Renewable Energy 3, no. 2-3 (March 1993): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(93)90030-k.

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Gagnon, Marie-Pierre, Julie Duplantie, Jean-Paul Fortin, Penny Jennett, and Richard Scott. "A survey in Alberta and Quebec of the telehealth applications that physicians need." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 13, no. 7 (October 1, 2007): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763307782215398.

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We studied the utility of various telehealth applications to support practice in rural and remote regions from the physicians' point of view. A postal survey was conducted among physicians from rural and remote regions of Alberta and Eastern Quebec. A total of 321 questionnaires were returned (13% response rate), comprising 180 from Quebec (16%) and 141 from Alberta (11%). Differences in the perceived utility of telehealth applications were explored using univariate and multivariate analyses. Telehealth applications were grouped into four categories: (1) asynchronous; (2) synchronous; (3) education; and (4) access to health information. The perceived utility of each application varied significantly between provinces. However, the two categories of telehealth applications perceived to be the most relevant were the same in both provinces: access to health information and applications for tele-education.

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Maumbe, Blessing M., and Julius Okello. "Uses of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture and Rural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa." International Journal of ICT Research and Development in Africa 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jictrda.2010010101.

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This paper presents a framework of the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) applications in agriculture and rural development based on comparative experiences of South Africa and Kenya. The framework posits that full deployment of ICT in agriculture and rural development will be a culmination of several phases of changes that starts with e-government policy design, development and implementation. The paper argues that ICT use in agriculture and rural development is a powerful instrument for improving agricultural and rural development and standards of living throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. However, success in greater application of ICT in agriculture will require addressing impediments to adoption and diffusion. Such impediments include the lack of awareness, low literacy, infrastructure deficiencies (e.g. lack of electricity to charge electronic gadgets), language and cultural barriers in ICT usage, the low e-inclusivity and the need to cater for the special needs of some users. The paper reviews successful applications of ICT in agriculture and urges greater use of ICT-based interventions in agriculture as a vehicle for spurring rural development in Africa.

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Yang, Minseok, Se Woong Lee, and Peter T. Goff. "Labor Dynamics of School Principals in Rural Contexts." AERA Open 7 (January 2021): 233285842098618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332858420986189.

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Numerous studies have explored the labor market of school principals, documenting high turnover rates and voicing concerns regarding labor supply. However, little is known about the staffing challenges in rural schools and what promotes applicants to apply for and be hired for principalship in these locales. In partnership with the Wisconsin Education Career Access Network, we examine the principal labor dynamics in rural schools using statewide job-openings and application information. Results indicate that all rural communities—rural fringe, rural distant, and rural remote—receive comparable numbers of applications, as compared with urban districts. Female candidates and candidates of color are significantly less likely to apply to rural districts, while experience working in the same district is a considerable advantage to being hired. Additionally, higher student poverty is associated with fewer principal applicants in rural schools. These results indicate the need for policies better attuned to subtle differences in rural contexts.

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Hansen, Todd, Michael Walk, and Shuman Tan. "Application Tool for Two-Variable Cost Allocation for Small Urban, Rural, and Tribal Transit Agencies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 4 (March 10, 2020): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120911924.

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The paper presents the development and methodology of application tools for use in transit agency cost allocation. Researchers worked with the National Rural Transit Assistance Program to develop the Two-Variable Cost Allocation Calculator applications as a resource for small transit agencies. Reports and guidance on cost allocation were reviewed to identify key considerations for application design, was also informed by previous experience with transit agencies for examples of cost and data considerations with respect to agency size, travel mode, and type of service. The applications use a two-variable methodology of vehicle hours and miles to allocate variable costs for each service, then allocate fixed costs according to the proportions of variable costs. The applications also provide a process to sub-allocate costs for shared-ride demand responsive services using passenger hours and miles data. A common set of data requirements needed to run the applications into groups of service, financial, and operational data was developed. The applications use standard definitions of data elements from the National Transit Database and Federal Transit Administration to streamline the data needed in the application with existing reporting requirements. The applications are designed for ease of use by small transit agencies with limited staff and different levels of training in data collection or financial management. The applications allow small transit agencies to specify aspects of service information to be used in cost allocation while relying on the applications to sort expenses into appropriate cost function categories, calculate costs by service type, and generate summary reports and performance metrics.

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Firdhous, Mohamed Fazil Mohamed. "Rural Education as a Service: Leveraging Cloud Computing for Empowering Rural Youth." International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence 6, no. 1 (January 2016): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2016010104.

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Cloud computing has been the newest paradigm computing that provides many advantages to users. Due to the advantages of the cloud computing many users are moving their systems and applications to it while new cloud based applications are emerging on a daily basis. Though the urban population can access and benefit from all the modern technologies, the rural population is generally left out of it as they are trapped in a vicious cycle of poverty. The only way to get them out from their problems is to empower them with new knowledge and skills. The traditional methods including ICT based education delivery methods have faced several hurdles in achieving their objectives. In this paper, the author takes an in-depth look at how cloud computing can be leveraged to deliver rural education programmes more efficiently and effectively. The Rural Education as a Service presented in this paper has many advantages and can easily overcome the problems faced by other methods. The paper also presents the RuralEaaS delivery model and network architecture that can be used to implement it.

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Zhou, Ting-Ting, Jia-Yi Mao, Li-Ling Xie, Qing-Hua Zhao, and Yu-Lu Chen. "Mobile medical applications’ state quo and underlying barriers: review of literature^†." Frontiers of Nursing 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2022-0029.

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Abstract Objective To explore the current development and challenges regarding mobile medical applications (mmAPPs), so as to provide reference for application function elevation and quality improvement. Methods We retrieved literature databases like Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Biomedical Network, time limit was from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021, and restricted to the Chinese or English language. Results This study concluded with the following six aspects: Domestic and foreign development of mmAPP, reminder function, barriers and challenges (low quality; slow update rate; lack of standard evaluation tool or criterion), privacy and safety concerns, adverse drug event report state (low report rate-related reasons, different countries’ report policies), and current hindrances in the progression (economic worries; personal education level; acceptance and study of technology; rural districts, and low-income countries). Conclusions We should focus on the application's quality elevation rather than quantity, pay more attention to patients’ adverse drug event reports, privacy and safety, and place emphasis on rural districts and low-income countries.

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Pawar, Mr Omkar Adhikrao. "Digitalization of Rural India: Digital Village." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3952–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35867.

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Digitalization of rural part of India is one of the most important factors to create opportunities in India. The number of internet users are rapidly increasing in the country this leads to making India digitally active. Indian Government playing vital role by proposing crucial projects like Smart City, Make in India and Digital India. The speed of increasing number of internet user in rural part of India is less than the urban areas. The purpose of this paper is that how to make aware people living in rural area about internet. The paper explores the Digital village scheme and Digital Village 3.0 campaign and its impact on villagers after its application in selected villages. There is need of digitalization as the rural part of India lagging behind as compared to urban areas. The paper also explores about the scope and applications of digitalization in the rural areas.

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Freeman, Julie, and Sora Park. "Rural realities." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 9, no. 4 (October 19, 2015): 465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-03-2015-0012.

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Purpose – This article explores challenges for rural Australian local governments during the transition to high-speed broadband infrastructure. Despite the National Broadband Network’s promised ubiquitous connectivity, significant access discrepancies remain between rural and urban areas. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical findings are drawn from a full-day workshop on digital connectivity, which included participants from seven rural local governments in New South Wales, Australia. Thematic analysis of the workshop transcript was undertaken to extrapolate recurring nuances of rural digital exclusion. Findings – Rural communities face inequitable prospects for digital inclusion, and authorities confront dual issues of accommodating connected and unconnected citizens. Many areas have no or poor broadband access, and different digital engagement expectations are held by citizens and local governments. Citizens seek interactive opportunities, but rural authorities often lack the necessary resources to offer advanced participatory practices. Research limitations/implications – While this research draws from a small sample of government officials, their insights are, nonetheless, heuristically valuable in identifying connectivity issues faced in rural Australia. These issues can guide further research into other regions as well as civic experiences of digital inclusion. Practical implications – There is a need to reconceive Australia’s current policy approach to broadband. Greater rural digital inclusion may be achieved by focusing on connectivity as a public interest goal, targeting infrastructure developments to suit local contexts and implementing participatory digital government practices. Originality/value – The actions suggested would help ensure equity of digital inclusion across Australian municipal areas. Without such changes, there is a risk of rural citizens facing further marginalisation through digital exclusion.

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Stratigea, Anastasia. "ICTs for rural development: potential applications and barriers involved." Netcom, no. 25-3/4 (December 1, 2011): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/netcom.144.

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YAMAMOTO, Nobuyuki, and Namiko OGURA. "The Potential Applications of Rural Area Social Accounting Matrices." Studies in Regional Science 28, no. 1 (1997): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2457/srs.28.231.

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Perlack, Robert D., H. G. (Mike) Jones, and Daniel B. Waddle. "A survey of renewable energy technologies for rural applications." Energy 15, no. 12 (December 1990): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(90)90103-9.

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Ruschetti, Cristian, Carlos Verucchi, Guillermo Bossio, Guillermo García, and Matias Meira. "Design of a wind turbine generator for rural applications." IET Electric Power Applications 13, no. 3 (February 27, 2019): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2018.5734.

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Qin, Yang, and Tian Yinhua. "On Rural Collective Economy and Rural Green Tourism." International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 15, no. 3 (July 2019): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeis.2019070104.

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The ecological crisis brought by the rapid development of rural tourism has become a major practical problem that demands prompt solution in the process of rural economic transformation. Seen from the concept of green development, the application of the weight of the green evaluation indicator system in measuring and comparing influences of different economic organizations on the development of rural green tourism aims to analyze and evaluate the positive influence of the rural collective economy on rural green tourism from an empirical perspective. Results show that the collective economy strengthens the overall utility and development level of rural green tourism, contributes to the promotion of economy and the protection of the environment and happiness index, and even contributes to the formation of the “core” of the alliance of the collective economy and individual behavior. Therefore, the conclusion of the research provides new empirical evidence for the in-depth understanding of the development of collective economies under the background of a rural revitalization strategy.

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Norhayati and Nang Randu Utama. "The Effectiveness of Multimedia Application in Teaching Vocabularies for the Children in Rural Area." ENLIT Journal 1, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33654/enlit.v1i1.1322.

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Multimedia usage has been becoming a good trend in language learning. The collaboration of application developers and educational practitioners has created many multimedia applications with various learning purposes. This study was purposed to determine the effectiveness of multimedia applications to improve students’ vocabularies. The interesting variable of this study was the subject. The subject is the children who live in the village near Rungan river bank, namely Petuk Katimpun village. It is located in a rural area, located about 25 kilometers from Palangka Raya city. Those children have limited access to the latest gadgets or e-learning applications, so the children got new experiences of learning language by conducting this study. The study results showed some positive effects of the use of multimedia applications for children in basic language learning. The children can recall their memory perfectly when they were tested on a vocabulary quiz. The children were also can imitate the pronunciation of the words given 80% correctly. However, for dictation, the children still found it difficult to write down the words they heard correctly. Overall, the multimedia application usage for teaching vocabularies is very beneficial for the children.

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Meyer, Johan, and Sune von Solms. "Design Considerations for Reducing Battery Storage in Off-Grid, Stand-Alone, Photovoltaic-Powered Cold Storage in Rural Applications." Energies 15, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 3468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093468.

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This paper presents design considerations for the design and implementation of stand-alone photovoltaic-powered containerized cold storage solutions for rural off-grid applications. The work presented is based on a case study of an off-grid photovoltaic-powered cold storage unit located in rural South Africa. Although solar-powered solutions for off-grid rural applications are very attractive and offer many benefits, including increased food security, skills development, income generation, and productivity due to the presence of solar power, the application of cold storage requires careful consideration of the design aspects to ensure that the solution is feasible and sustainable. The challenge of maintaining low temperatures inside a cold storage system in an excessively warm environment, such as that frequently encountered in most African rural settings, has stimulated discussions of design considerations for optimal efficiency. Not only are the design aspects of the PV panel mounting and tilt associated with the geographic location of the application, but the heating implications are also derived from the physical orientation of the storage unit. Results from mathematical models are substantiated with field data collected from a case deployment. The design considerations for the sizing of the electrical components in the system are presented. The paper concludes by answering the research question as to what design aspects should be considered for an off-grid, PV-powered containerized cold storage system to reduce the size of the battery storage unit.

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Ye, Bixiong, Yuansheng Chen, Yonghua Li, Hairong Li, Linsheng Yang, and Wuyi Wang. "Risk assessment and water safety plan: case study in Beijing, China." Journal of Water and Health 13, no. 2 (September 9, 2014): 510–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.101.

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Two typical rural water utilities in Beijing, China were chosen to describe the principles and applications of water safety plans (WSP), to provide a methodological guide for the actual application and improve the quality of rural drinking water quality, and to establish an appropriate method for WSP applied in rural water supply. Hazards and hazardous events were identified and risk assessment was conducted for rural water supply systems. A total of 13 and 12 operational limits were defined for two utilities, respectively. The main risk factors that affect the water safety were identified in water sources, water processes, water disinfection systems and water utility management. The main control measures were strengthening the water source protection, monitoring the water treatment processes, establishing emergency mechanisms, improving chemical input and operating system management. WSP can be feasibly applied to the management of a rural water supply.

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Barter, Barbara G. "Rural Schools and Distance Education." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 7, no. 1 (January 2011): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicte.2011010104.

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In 2006, the author began research on current issues in rural education in which teachers recounted narratives of teaching. As deficits, they spoke of an inability to retain teachers, too little diversity in student programming, and lack of access to extra-curricular activities. They also noted challenges brought on by education reform that increased the use of distance education and long distance bussing. Positively, teachers mentioned how much they cared about their students and their school. They were proud of how they worked hard to meet student and community needs. This paper discusses teacher experiences with distance education and the use of the technology required for the delivery of such programs. Teachers urged that distance education must hold a dominant place of importance in the delivery of a well-rounded education to children in rural areas but that such a focus also requires a variety of supports to schools.

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Wang, Guangwei. "Innovation and Development of Rural Leisure Tourism Industry Using Mobile Cloud IoT Computing." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (August 25, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6211063.

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As a promising IoT application, the rural leisure tourism industry can promote the reconstruction of industrial structure in rural areas and realize a sustainable, rapid, and healthy development of rural economy. This paper takes the rural leisure tourism industry in China as an example and aims at building an intelligent and integrated modern IoT use case. Based on the traditional rural leisure tourism, we improve the system by adding the data analysis over a mobile cloud IoT computing platform. In particular, this work investigates the characteristics of the national tourism market under the security requirements from governmental cloud data management policy. Our study shows that the geographical concentration index G of tourists in the Chinese market continues to increase. With the booming of IoT applications in rural leisure tourism, intelligent and integrated tourism guidance and optimized decision-making will provide tourists with better information and thus make rapid improvement of geographical concentration index.

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Ripen, Jovita Elderson, and Gabriel Tonga Noweg. "DOCUMENTING ETHNOBOTANICAL KNOWLEDGE OF RURAL COMMUNITY FOR SUSTAINABLE BENEFITS." International Journal of Service Management and Sustainability 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ijsms.v2i1.6040.

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A study was conducted to identify and document all plants with economic and cultural significance to the nine Singai Bidayuh communities (villages) around the foothills of Mount Singai. Key informant surveys were carried out in each of the villages prior to field documentation and collection of specimens for identification. The information on use and methods of preparations and applications were obtained from active practitioners or traditional “medicine men” and “medicine women” through interviews and application observations for medicinal plants. For each of the plant species identified, specific use, parts of the plant used, method of preparation and applications, and general precautionary notes were included. A total of 52 species of useful plants were documented for medicine and the remaining were for food, preservatives, and spiritual healing. A use and valuation survey on these plant species also revealed that the total value of traditional medicinal plant use for the Singai Bidayuh community based on the current rate of household participation of 10% is at RM15,443.90 per year. The results have provided a baseline on the economic value of the forest resources and contributed towards a better management of the area as a community heritage.

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Journal articles on the topic 'RURAL APPLICATIONS'

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