Dissertations / Theses: 'Rural and regional economics'

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Powell, S. G. "Developments in the Chinese rural economy, 1978-1985 : Six regional case-studies." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373472.

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Wu, Zhongmin. "Regional unemployment, rural-to-urban migration and the economic reforms of China." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390677.

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Courtney, Paul Richard. "Small towns and the rural economy : a study of their contemporary functions and potential role in rural development." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/370.

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As Rural Development assumes a greater importance in European policy, one strategy to stimulate economic activity across a broad range of sectors is to use small towns as a focal point for economic development. This may be particularly relevant in the UK where there is increasing concern over the future vitality and viability of these towns. However, such a strategy rests on the assumption that there is a strong level of interdependence between small towns and their surrounding areas. While their historical legacy suggests close integration, developments in the wider economy and resultant socio-economic restructuring have undermined the traditional functions of small towns and may have severed many of these local linkages. Methodologies are developed to measure the size and spatial distribution of economic linkages in and around two small towns in rural England; one located in the 'remote' area of South Devon, and one in more 'accessible' Buckinghamshire. Results from two validation exercises indicate that self-completion methods are a useful means of obtaining spatial economic data from producers and consumers. Analysis compares the degree of economic integration of the towns into their respective local economies, and identifies key characteristics of firms and households that are good predictors of strong local integration. Results show that the strength of local economic integration is a function of economic and demographic structure as well as proximity to urban centres. This illustrates that the functional role of small towns in the economy is a more useful criterion on which to base policy recommendations than is demographic size. The town in the 'remote' rural area is found to be more strongly integrated into its locality than the town in the 'accessible' area; indicating that benefits of intervention are more likely to 'trickle out' into the surrounding area in the former case. Further, the minimal role of agriculture in the local economy implies that traditional measures of farm support are no longer likely to provide a valuable method of supporting rural communities. A useful area for subsequent enquiry would be to employ an 'integration index' to develop settlement typologies so that more generalisations can be made to aid the process of policy formulation.

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Santos, Nanety Cristina Alves dos. "Indicador de desenvolvimento rural para as regiões de integração do estado do Pará." Faculdade de Economia, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/18716.

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Neste estudo foi construído um Índice de Desenvolvimento Rural (IDR) baseado em estudo de Kageyama (2004), para as doze Regiões de Integração (RI) do Estado do Pará. Este índice compõe-se a partir da média de quatro índices parciais (população, bem-estar social, desenvolvimento econômico e meio ambiente) utilizado assim o conceito de multidimensionalidade do desenvolvimento rural. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a dinâmica e as desigualdades regionais por meio do desenvolvimento rural nas Regiões de Integração.

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Linneker, Brian. "Road transport infrastructure and regional economic development : the regional economic development effects of the M25 London orbital motorway." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389662.

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Hermansson, Erik. "Population ageing and regional economic growth : A master thesis examining the effect of an ageing population on the output of Swedish municipalities." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48587.

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Swedish municipalities have very different age structures. Migration from rural to urban areas has led to a polarisation of Swedish regions, where urban centres have an inflow of young and skilled workers while rural regions are ageing and falling behind economically. This thesis examines what effect population ageing has on output of Swedish municipalities and how that effect differs between urban and rural municipalities. By classifying all 290 municipalities as either rural or urban and dividing the population of each municipality into six age cohorts, a clear negative relation is found between the share of people aged 65 to 79 and gross regional product per capita in both types of municipalities. Surprisingly, this negative relation is not found for the share of people above 80. This group is positively related to output in urban municipalities, but not in rural ones. Overall, population ageing seems to be negative for economic growth in both urban and rural municipalities.

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Speirs, Leland V. Jr. "The land of oz : a case study of rural cluster development in Wamego, Kansas." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1331.

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Kruger, Anne Louise. "Resources for improving journalists' understanding of the economic and financial parameters of Australia's agricultural and commodity producers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63645/2/Anne_Kruger_Exegesis.pdf.

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The research addresses how an understanding of the fundamentals of economics will better inform general journalists who report on issues or events affecting rural and regional Australia. The research draws on practice-based experience of the author, formal economics studies, interviews with news editors from Australian television news organisations, and interviews from leading economists. A guidebook has also been written to help journalists apply economic theories to their reporting. The guidebook enables reporters to think strategically and consider the 'big picture' when they inform society about policies, commodity trade, the environment, or any issues involving rural and regional Australia.

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Luo, Yi Louis. "Regional economic development and the establishment of the rural financial system a case study of rural credit cooperations in the Pearl River Delta /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36545648.

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Gagnon, Luc. "Une évaluation ex post des pratiques de développement local en milieu rural : le cas d'Albanel dans la MRC Maria-Chapdelaine /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1997. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Leghorn, Kenneth S. "Integrating the needs of rural subsistence economies into regional land use planning : Tenakee springs, Alaska." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26439.

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This thesis develops a rationale for natural resource planning in southeast Alaska which fosters the maintenance of rural, mixed subsistence-cash economies, and which integrates the needs of these communities for an adequate resource base with the needs of larger scale resource development projects. Operating under this rationale, natural resource planners would recognize the role that subsistence activities play in rural community stability while acknowledging the need for cash earnings and infrastructure development brought about through natural resource exports. Besides addressing the desires of rural residents to continue subsistence-oriented lifestyles, the benefits of this type of planning would be improved long term regional stability as well as increased consensus (and less litigation) over resource development projects. This research was undertaken because a growing body of literature in Alaska and Canada has shown that subsistence economies, far from being a primitive form of human enterprise which needs replacing, represent an adaptive, productive, stable, and rational socioeconomic system worthy of protecting. However, as increasing industrialization and modernization of northern regions occurs, it is evident that subsistence economies need to be better understood if they are to be maintained. This issue is important to analyze from a planning perspective because inter-disciplinary skills are needed when addressing an issue such as subsistence which involves a mix of anthropology, economics, natural resource management, and fish and wildlife biology. More importantly, planning methods and planning solutions must be applied to the issue of how subsistence and mixed economies can be maintained in order to prevent their replacement by boom-bust cycles of hinterland resource development. A case study is included to present in-depth research undertaken on one rural community in southeast Alaska. Tenakee Springs was chosen as representative of a small (population 100), isolated northern community in a resource-rich area which has experienced a moderate level of recent timber harvesting. It has a largely non-Native population, consisting of many older, retired, first or second generation white settlers and an increasing number of younger families and individuals, all of whom are attracted to the tranquil, independent, and subsistence-oriented lifestyle of this island community. This population illustrates that subsistence economies are not only present in Native cultures. Detailed information on Tenakee is used to give a complete picture of modern-day mixed subsistence-cash economies, to demonstrate that the pursuit of subsistence activities represents a viable economic strategy which enhances rural communities located in resource-rich settings and which can be negatively impacted by industrial resource development. Conclusions are also presented on the land, resource, and cash income needs of subsistence users. This case study, sponsored by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, utilized state-of-the-art research methods to address the above issues. Community meetings were made an integral part of the research. Researchers conducted meetings before the study began (to introduce the community to the methods and purposes of the research, and gain feedback and approval), during the course of the research (to present initial results and composite maps of community harvests for verification), and at the draft report stage (for review and comments). Secondly, a literature review was conducted of all pertinent demographic, economic, historical, and resource development information on Tenakee. Thirdly, 11 active resource harvesters in the community were chosen to act as "key respondents" for the purposes of intensive interviewing and mapping of their lifetime resource harvesting activity. Next, using information from these key respondents, a questionnaire was made and administered to a random 50 percent (24) of all households in Tenakee. This permitted the compilation of data on 450 variables relating to 1984 community fishing, hunting and gathering activities and socioeconomic characteristics. Finally, the random survey of 24 households also included questions on historical and current deer hunting in four areas in which a variety of timber harvesting and road building activities have occurred. The results verified that Tenakee does have an economy typical of the model for mixed subsistence-cash socioeconomic systems. There is high participation in resource harvesting, with 48 percent of all residents (including young children and people in their 80s and 90s) engaging in hunting, and 56 percent in fishing. There is a wide diversity of resources (42 species or groups of similar species) harvested, and the harvest occurs throughout the year in repeating seasonal patterns. In 1984, there was an average harvest of 500 pounds per household, or 250 pounds of wild resources for every resident. There is a network of non-commercial distribution and exchange of these resources, in which actively harvesting households give resources to non-active households, and there is a high degree of barter and trade. The cash sector of Tenakee was found to be dependent on government transfer payments, largely consisting of social security from past employment, on government employment, and on seasonal and part time work. Limited cash earnings are used, among other things, to buy resource harvesting technologies such as skiffs, motors, guns, and nets. In general, Tenakee residents are pleased with the good life they lead. Some have said the main industry in Tenakee is "taking life easy," yet residents are quick to respond to threats to their peaceful community. The Town Council is currently engaged in 3 legal actions against the US Forest Service to stop implementation of road building and logging plans in Tenakee Inlet. Results from data analysis on this issue showed that subsistence activities may be significantly effected by logging and road-building, and that the long term effects may be negative. Road building was found to result in increased deer harvests by shifting users away from the beach zone and into the upland forested areas, and by increasing the number of out-of-town hunters using an area. This made it easier for some residents to obtain deer, but others were displaced by the increased competition. Habitat alteration after logging was found to result in good deer habitat and hunting conditions for several years following clear-cutting. After approximately 10-15 years, dense regrowth may inhibit deer hunting. It is likely that over the long term, increased timber harvesting will result in a lowered deer population and more difficult hunting conditions. These results were found to have immediate application in three management arenas. First, the data was used to show that Tenakee does qualify for the subsistence protection and priority allocation provisions of Alaska law. This is an important step in maintaining subsistence opportunities for Tenakee residents. Secondly, specific information on salmon and deer harvests may be used to propose new regulations for Tenakee Inlet which restrict commercial fishing, and limit deer hunting to local residents. Thirdly, the results are being used in the impact assessment process for forest planning. Since all federal forest plans must consider their effects on subsistence uses of the forest, and because Tenakee is completely surrounded by National Forest lands, subsistence data will be of great use in community attempts to modify timber harvesting plans. A more far-reaching result of this and other studies is that the timber plans of the entire Tongass National Forest are being questioned for not having complied with subsistence assessment procedures. The thesis concludes by suggesting that planners should not just provide information so that a choice can be made between subsistence protection and resource development, but rather that planners should help formulate alternatives which allow for both goals to be achieved. A framework for a federal land use plan for the Tenakee area which balances subsistence usage of resources with larger-scale development is presented for consideration in the 1989 revision of the Tongass Land Management Plan. Current forest planning procedures in Alaska would permit such a process to unfold; it is up to professional planners and managers and interested citizens, especially from rural areas, to see that it happens.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
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Pettersson, Örjan. "Socio-economic dynamics in sparse regional structures." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Centrum för regionalvetenskap (CERUM), 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94119.

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The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyse socio-economic changes in northern Sweden. Focus is on the period 1985-2000. Population development, restructuring of economic activities, political and cultural changes are related to a theoretical discussion on the transformation of sparsely populated areas as an outcome of multi-dimensional and interrelated processes. Besides an introductory and concluding section, the thesis contains four papers. The first paper deals with forestry's changed role in the local economy of four municipalities located in the inland areas of upper Norrland. The changes within forestry have been driven by adaptation to global competition and rapid technical development. Even though timber production has increased in some of the municipalities, job losses have greatly reduced the importance of forestry in the local economies. Many employees have left forestry for work in other branches, unemployment or retirement However, relatively few have moved from the area. A multiplier model was employed in order to analyse the impact on the local economy. The second paper deals with population changes in the six northernmost counties. During the 1990s, most municipalities and rural areas in northern Sweden have experienced renewed depopulation. At the same time, some rural areas have shown significant population growth. Three types of rural areas with population growth have been identified. Firstly, there are rural areas within daily commuting distance from regional centres. Secondly, there is a group of rural areas, mainly a number of mountain villages close to the border with Norway, which has benefited from the tourist industry. Finally, there are a few rural areas characterised by attractive residential environments and leisure housing. The third paper is based on a classification of 500 residential areas and villages in the county of Västerbotten into seven types of housing environments. In this way, the county is broken down into a mosaic of housing environments characterised by very different prerequisites for consumption and economic development A complex and dispersed pattern of disadvantaged residential areas all over the county indicates the difficulty in treating counties and municipalities as homogeneous regions. In the fourth paper, focus is on young peoples' attitudes towards staying in or moving to small communities within a local labour market region in northern Sweden. The study is based on telephone interviews with 400 young men and women in the Umeå region. Half the interviewees lived in the university city of Umeå while the others were residents in five rural municipalities surrounding Umeå. In general, the males and females aged 19-25 had a much more positive attitude towards living in rural communities than did those aged 15-18. Nevertheless, only half of the young people already living in the rural municipalities wanted to stay there. Among the young people living in the city, slightly less than 50% showed an interest in moving to the surrounding rural areas, mainly the countryside within commuting distance from the city. The connection between higher education and out-migration of young people from rural areas is also highlighted.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2002

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Fonseca, Ana Ivania Alves [UNESP]. "Agricultura familiar como sustentabilidade: estudo de caso do planaldo rural de Montes Claros - MG." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104412.

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A partir dos anos 1960, a agricultura brasileira passou por um processo de modernização que levou os pequenos agricultores a abandonarem suas propriedades, por não terem condições de concorrer com os grandes latifundiários. Viram-se, então, obrigados a buscar novas alternativas para produzir e sobreviver no novo mercado. Neste contexto de modernização, os médios e grandes produtores rurais passaram a utilizar intensivamente o solo com modernas técnicas de cultivo e de colheita, e a aplicarem fertilizantes e insumos para aumentar a produção sem, na maioria das vezes, se preocuparem com o meio ambiente e sua sustentabilidade. O resultado foi o agravamento dos problemas ambientais que, consequentemente, levou os agricultores e a sociedade a repensarem algumas práticas agrícolas e a pensarem novos modelos de exploração do solo. Nessa linha de pensamento, a agricultura familiar apresenta-se não só como opção de organização e de produção menos agressiva ao meio ambiente, mas também como meio de conservar diversos recursos naturais; porque sua relação com a terra não é simplesmente capitalista, levando em conta um tipo de convivência pacífica com seus diversos fenômenos, tanto naturais quanto humanos. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar esse cenário e se coloca como forma de entendimento dessas relações diversas e singulares. A pesquisa buscou a compreensão sobre a dinâmica, a manutenção e a resistência da prática da agricultura familiar na região Norte mineira. A conclusão da pesquisa aponta para o fato de que a agricultura familiar, no Norte de Minas, exerce um papel fundante para a economia local e para a manutenção dessas populações na área rural. A investigação partiu da premissa de que, por mais intensa que tenha sido a modernização no campo, ela não foi suficiente...
From the year 1960, Brazilian agriculture has undergone a modernization process that has led small farmers to abandon their properties, because they did not compete with the big landowners. They found themselves, then forced to seek new alternatives to produce and survive in the new market. In this context of modernization, medium and large farmers started to use intensively the soil with modern techniques of cultivation and harvesting, and apply fertilizers and to increase production without, most of the time, worrying about the environment and its sustainability. The result was a worsening of environmental ambient problems, therefore, led farmers and society to rethink some agricultural practices and think about new models of land use. With this in mind, family farming has not only as an option of organizing and producing less aggressive to the environment, but also as a means of preserving various natural resources, because their relationship with the land is not simply capitalist, taking into account a kind of peaceful coexistence with its various phenomena, both natural and human. The present study investigated this scenario and arises as a way of understanding these relationships varied and unique. The research sought to understand the dynamics, the maintenance and strength of the practice of family farming in the northern region of Minas Gerais. The conclusion of the research points to the fact that the family farm in northern of Minas, plays a fundamental role for the local economy and the maintenance of these populations in rural areas. The investigation started from the premise that a more intense has been the modernization in the field, it was not enough to extinguish the model used in the north of Minas Gerais, in addition, many farmers, and keeping it, invented new ways to preserve their use in these areas. The... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Fonseca, Ana Ivania Alves. "Agricultura familiar como sustentabilidade : estudo de caso do planaldo rural de Montes Claros - MG /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104412.

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Orientador: Darlene Aparecida de Oliveira Ferreira
Banca: Flavia Maria Galizone
Banca: Samuel Frederico
Banca: Bernadete Castro Oliveira
Banca: Renata Medeiros Paoliello
Resumo: A partir dos anos 1960, a agricultura brasileira passou por um processo de modernização que levou os pequenos agricultores a abandonarem suas propriedades, por não terem condições de concorrer com os grandes latifundiários. Viram-se, então, obrigados a buscar novas alternativas para produzir e sobreviver no novo mercado. Neste contexto de modernização, os médios e grandes produtores rurais passaram a utilizar intensivamente o solo com modernas técnicas de cultivo e de colheita, e a aplicarem fertilizantes e insumos para aumentar a produção sem, na maioria das vezes, se preocuparem com o meio ambiente e sua sustentabilidade. O resultado foi o agravamento dos problemas ambientais que, consequentemente, levou os agricultores e a sociedade a repensarem algumas práticas agrícolas e a pensarem novos modelos de exploração do solo. Nessa linha de pensamento, a agricultura familiar apresenta-se não só como opção de organização e de produção menos agressiva ao meio ambiente, mas também como meio de conservar diversos recursos naturais; porque sua relação com a terra não é simplesmente capitalista, levando em conta um tipo de convivência pacífica com seus diversos fenômenos, tanto naturais quanto humanos. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar esse cenário e se coloca como forma de entendimento dessas relações diversas e singulares. A pesquisa buscou a compreensão sobre a dinâmica, a manutenção e a resistência da prática da agricultura familiar na região Norte mineira. A conclusão da pesquisa aponta para o fato de que a agricultura familiar, no Norte de Minas, exerce um papel fundante para a economia local e para a manutenção dessas populações na área rural. A investigação partiu da premissa de que, por mais intensa que tenha sido a modernização no campo, ela não foi suficiente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: From the year 1960, Brazilian agriculture has undergone a modernization process that has led small farmers to abandon their properties, because they did not compete with the big landowners. They found themselves, then forced to seek new alternatives to produce and survive in the new market. In this context of modernization, medium and large farmers started to use intensively the soil with modern techniques of cultivation and harvesting, and apply fertilizers and to increase production without, most of the time, worrying about the environment and its sustainability. The result was a worsening of environmental ambient problems, therefore, led farmers and society to rethink some agricultural practices and think about new models of land use. With this in mind, family farming has not only as an option of organizing and producing less aggressive to the environment, but also as a means of preserving various natural resources, because their relationship with the land is not simply capitalist, taking into account a kind of peaceful coexistence with its various phenomena, both natural and human. The present study investigated this scenario and arises as a way of understanding these relationships varied and unique. The research sought to understand the dynamics, the maintenance and strength of the practice of family farming in the northern region of Minas Gerais. The conclusion of the research points to the fact that the family farm in northern of Minas, plays a fundamental role for the local economy and the maintenance of these populations in rural areas. The investigation started from the premise that a more intense has been the modernization in the field, it was not enough to extinguish the model used in the north of Minas Gerais, in addition, many farmers, and keeping it, invented new ways to preserve their use in these areas. The... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

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Siemens, Lynne Marie. "Rural businesses on Vancouver Island : challenges and opportunities." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/1840.

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Many rural areas are undergoing structural changes as jobs in forestry, fishing, mining, agricultural and other natural resource-based industries decline. These communities, often based around these industries, are generally small and located some distance from urban areas. They are faced with decreasing population as residents and their families leave for jobs elsewhere. As a result, the communities and residents are looking for alternative ways to create employment and sustain themselves. Given the nature of these rural locations, many small businesses based there face challenges that are not generally experienced by enterprises in urban areas. Some communities are not accessible by paved road while others are not accessible by road at all, relying instead on water and air transportation. The business people in these areas often operate without standard business infrastructure, which can include telephone lines, broadband Internet, banking services and other items, and can have difficulty accessing supplies, customers, employees and other required materials. However, there has been relatively little research on the challenges facing rural businesses and the specific methods by which these owners mitigate these challenges. Understanding and addressing the challenges faced by these businesses becomes important in order to support and encourage economic growth and development in these rural communities. Building on this context, this research looks to answer the following questions: • Why do people start businesses in rural locations? • What type of businesses do they start? • What challenges do these rural businesses face? • How do owners respond to these challenges? Vancouver Island and the surrounding smaller islands in British Columbia, Canada serve as the research site. Given the exploratory nature of this research, an inductive approach has been selected with the use of case studies, interviews and grounded theory analysis. Purposeful sampling is used with the sample businesses meeting specific criteria, based on location, business size and definition of success. These businesses are interviewed at their locations to allow the researcher to experience the challenges associated with accessing the particular rural community. The interview topics are focused on the above research questions. There are several common characteristics among the sample owners and their businesses. The owners tend to be in-migrants who moved to the rural area for lifestyle reasons. They have started their business to provide an income, take advantage of a business opportunity, or both. Family members, particularly spouses, are actively involved in the business. In many cases, participants supplement their business income with other income sources to ensure business viability. Success is measured generally by personal and lifestyle goals, rather than financial criteria. The businesses face common challenges in terms of a limited local population base which impacts on market size and labour pool, rural location and access to urban centres, gaps in business and social services infrastructure and heavy time demands. The owners respond to these challenges in a variety of ways which includes the involvement of family, core business diversification, alternative income sources, long hours invested in the business and involvement with the community. To meet these challenges and devise their responses, the owners draw upon four key resources – their own skills and attitudes, their family, business and community. The resulting conceptual framework draws together these key resources and suggests that all four must be present to ensure success within a rural context. Each resource is comprised of several components which contribute to business success. The framework also integrates several resource-based theories, which consider the key resources either separately or in pairs, to create a holistic model. The conclusions focus on several key areas. This research contributes to the knowledge base on rural small businesses by creating a framework that draws directly from the experience of these owners and their objectives and motivations for their businesses. It reflects their internal focus and a concentration of the four resources that they access easily from within their domain. This research also suggests some possible roles for government which focus on its role in shaping the larger environment, particularly at the infrastructure level and human capital development. Finally, future research directions are recommended. This study considers a relatively unexplored topic and suggests ways for rural small businesses to address the challenges which they face. With this knowledge, individuals, businesses, communities and other interested organizations can work to achieve their economic development goals.

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Zhang, Huiyi. "Economic Development and Women Empowerment in China: Is There a Regional Pattern?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38458.

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The rapid economic development in China has successfully drawn a worldwide attention and benefit its population, with a average 8 percentage GDP growth rate every year and 500 million people out of poverty. While a large number of people are seeking for the reason why economic achievement in China has been so dramatic and unprecedented, less people show solicitude for Chinese women`s condition and empowerment. Women as a worldwide vulnerable group, their well-being need to be taken into consideration during the process of developing economy. In China, female population accounts for 48.47 percentage (633.2 million) of entire population. Under the big picture of economic prosperity, the author found that Chinese people`s living condition has advanced largely, the popularization of basic education and medical service has benefit the vast majority people, meanwhile, people can be more involved in political process to express their opinions. However, women are benefited disproportionately but still less empowered than men are. Moreover, since China is a geographically large country, the economic development has shown some regional characteristic, that means, in southeastern China, due to the convenient traffic condition, such as harbors, economic development process is faster than in northwestern China, where traffic and natural conditions are both weak. Would that cause a unequal empowered situation between women from different economic developed regions? Women has been paid less attention through the history of China, let alone different conditions of women in different regions. In this thesis, the author will describe women`s different empowered situation in rural and urban regions of China, via a capability approach viewpoint, and discussion of whether there is a regional pattern will be based on (Dis) Empowerment model.

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Lobão, Mário Sérgio Pedroza. "Desenvolvimento rural na Amazônia brasileira: determinantes, níveis e distribuição regional na década de 2000." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3582.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
From the 1960s to the 2000s, the development of the Brazilian Amazon was marked by two main moments. The first was linked to development policies, in which it was based on the valorization of large private capital projects with the granting of credit by the government, for stimulating population densities through rural settlements and for the creation of several federal highways to integrate social and economically the Amazon to the rest of the country. This model lasted from the 60's and 80's in the military period. The second moment arises from the 90s with the promotion, both nationally and internationally, of environmental discussions around economic explorations. Here were adopted conservationist development policies, where environmental sustainability becomes the main focus on the public schedule. Therefore, the previous model is broken and a new course of development is assumed. It is against these claims that we sought to understand how the process of rural development behaved along these conjuncture and structural changes in the region of the Brazilian Amazon. It was decided to analyze the determinants, levels and regional distribution of rural development in the municipalities of the region under study in the 2000s, which is due to the historical accumulation of the public development policies adopted in the Amazon. The research has a main quantitative character, in which the rural development was measured through an analytical index composed of the dimensions sociodemographic, environmental and economic. The Factorial Analysis by Principal Components was used as a methodological resource for the formation of determinants of rural development and subsequent creation of the Rural Development Index (RDI), verifying the levels of development of the states and municipalities. With the production of the RDI, still is visualized the presence of spatial patterns of rural development by means of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. The main results showed that the Brazilian Amazon is still a region territorially rural, in which it has some poles urbanized as was the case of state capitals and some middling municipalities. It was also noted that the best social and economic indicators were found in the states of Pará, Rondônia and Tocantins, but the worst environmental indicators. On the other hand, it was in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas and Roraima that the environmental indicators were more favorable, but the social and economic were deficient. The rural development, because it is multidimensional, had as its determinants variables social, economic and environmental, in which the best levels of this development were concentrated in the Eastern and Southern portions of the Brazilian Amazon, represented by the states of Rondônia, Pará and Tocantins, all currently , inserted in the agricultural frontier of production. In the West and North side were the worst levels of rural development, with the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas and Roraima integrating this territorial portion. Given this, a duality in the distribution of rural development was visible. Five main poles of rural development were highlighted: the Southeast of Pará, the East of Rondônia, the Center of Amazonas, the West of Tocantins and the Northeast of Pará. It was also in these poles where the largest population contingencies were verified and, therefore, confirming the initial hypothesis adopted, that is, the municipalities with the highest rural population densities presented the highest levels of rural development, including with correlation and regression analysis positive and statistically significant. It has also been observed that the main federal highways in the region (BR - 364 and BR - 153) have acted as real development corridors. Finally, we verified the existence of spatial clusters in the rural development of the region, in which six spatial patterns stood out, both high and low development, proving the second part of the hypothesis drawn. There is a pattern of heterogeneous rural development in the region, with formations of spatial agglomerates of municipalities with similar levels of rural development, such as the clusters of low rural development in Acre, Amazonas and East of Tocantins or of high development in Rondônia, Pará and West of Tocantins.
A partir dos anos de 1960 até a década de 2000, o desenvolvimento da Amazônia brasileira foi marcado por dois momentos principais. O primeiro esteve vinculado a políticas desenvolvimentistas, em que foi pautado pela valorização de grandes projetos de capital privado com a concessão de crédito por parte do governo, pelo estímulo ao adensamento populacional através de assentamentos rurais e pela criação de várias rodovias federais visando integrar social e economicamente a Amazônia ao restante do país. Esse modelo perdurou entre as décadas de 60 e 80 no período militar. O segundo momento surge na década de 90 com a promoção, tanto em âmbito nacional como internacional, das discussões ambientais em torno das explorações econômicas. Aqui se passou a adotar políticas de desenvolvimento conservacionistas, onde a sustentabilidade ambiental passa a ser o principal foco na agenda pública. Portanto, rompe-se o modelo anterior e assume-se um novo rumo de desenvolvimento. É diante dessas alegações que se buscou entender como o processo de desenvolvimento rural se comportou ao longo dessas mudanças conjunturais e estruturais na região da Amazônia brasileira. Resolveu-se analisar os determinantes, níveis e distribuição regional do desenvolvimento rural nos municípios da região em estudo na década de 2000, que é em decorrência do acumulado histórico das políticas públicas de desenvolvimento adotadas na Amazônia. A pesquisa tem um caráter principal quantitativo, em que se mede o desenvolvimento rural através de um índice analítico composto das dimensões sociodemográfica, ambiental e econômica. Utiliza-se como recurso metodológico a Análise Fatorial por Componentes Principais para a formação de fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento rural e posterior criação do Índice de Desenvolvimento Rural (IDR), verificando os níveis de desenvolvimento dos estados e municípios. Com a produção do IDR, ainda é visualizado a presença de padrões espaciais de desenvolvimento rural por meio da Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais. Os principais resultados alcançados mostraram que a Amazônia brasileira ainda é uma região territorialmente rural, no qual detém alguns polos urbanizados como foi o caso das capitais dos estados e alguns municípios de médio porte. Notou-se ainda que foram nos estados do Pará, Rondônia e Tocantins onde se encontraram os melhores indicadores sociais e econômicos, porém os piores indicadores ambientais. Por outro lado, foram nos estados do Acre, Amapá, Amazonas e Roraima onde se teve os indicadores ambientais mais favoráveis, no entanto, os sociais e econômicos foram deficitários. O desenvolvimento rural, por ser multidimensional, teve como determinantes variáveis sociais, econômicas e ambientais, em que os melhores níveis desse desenvolvimento concentraram-se na porção Leste e Sul da Amazônia brasileira, representados pelos estados de Rondônia, Pará e Tocantins, todos, atualmente, inseridos na fronteira agrícola de produção. No lado Oeste e Norte localizaram-se os piores níveis de desenvolvimento rural, com os estados do Acre, Amapá, Amazonas e Roraima integrando essa porção territorial. Diante disso, ficou visível uma dualidade na distribuição do desenvolvimento rural. Destacaram-se cinco polos principais de desenvolvimento rural, sendo o Sudeste Paraense, o Leste Rondoniense, o Centro Amazonense, o Ocidental Tocantinense e o Nordeste Paraense. Foram ainda nesses polos onde se verificaram os maiores contingentes populacionais e, portanto, comprovando a hipótese inicial adotada, isto é, os municípios com maiores densidades populacionais rurais apresentaram os maiores níveis de desenvolvimento rural, inclusive com análise de correlação e regressão positivas e significativas estatisticamente. Ainda se constatou que as principais rodovias federais da região (BR – 364 e BR – 153) têm atuado como verdadeiros corredores de desenvolvimento. Por fim, verificou-se a existência de clusters espaciais no desenvolvimento rural da região, em que seis padrões espaciais se sobressaíram, tanto de alto como de baixo desenvolvimento, comprovando a segunda parte da hipótese traçada. Existe na região um padrão de desenvolvimento rural heterogêneo e com formações de aglomerados espaciais de municípios com níveis de desenvolvimento rural semelhantes, como foi o caso do clusters de baixo desenvolvimento rural no Acre, Amazonas e Leste Tocantinense ou de alto desenvolvimento em Rondônia, Pará e Oeste do Tocantins.

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Esser, Jovir Vicentini. "Vilas Rurais: uma política pública de desenvolvimento e seu impacto na vida dos trabalhadores rurais volantes." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2005. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2245.

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This paper aimed to evaluate the impact of the Rural Village Program, as development public policy, in the lives of settlers, especially of the seasonal rural worker. In the context of rural development public policies, which was considered a unprecedented program in the country, Rural Villages implanted in the state of Paraná between 1995 and 2003 had as main recipient seasonal rural workers (S.R.W.), settling them in rural lots measuring an average of 5,000 m² near urban areas and in regions with a demand for temporary hand labor aiming to improve their live conditions. At first, it is shown the situation of the national agriculture issue from the point of view of some theorists, and its aggravation due to some Public Policies, such as the Rural Credit, that collaborated to the formation of a working category widely known as bóia fria (Day Laborer). It refers to the Rural Village Program, a sub-component of the 12 Month Paraná Project, emphasizing the process and implantation strategies giving emphasis to the Western Region of Paraná. According to acquired data, it was established that, although the main beneficiaries were the S.R.W., only 20% of the settled families had as landowner one of their workers. To achieve this proposed work objective a study was conduct on the case of Rural Villages in the cities of Corbélia and Anahy, where the impact of the Program in the life of the settlers was identified, specifically in the lives of the S.R.W. It was concluded that, even though the objective initially proposed of settling 60,000 families throughout the State was not reached, and some of the basic prerequisites defined by the Program were not abided, the evaluation was that if there was no significant change in economic terms, in the aspect of quality of life in loco ,through interviews with villagers, deep transformation was observed with the increasing in the families self steam and satisfaction in general, as far as having their own house and productive subsistence land. For an effective improvement on socioeconomic conditions, the Rural Villages still need income generating and technical assistance projects directed to non-qualified hand labor, such as day laborer. It is also possible, through the Rural Village experiences, to acquire larger areas by identifying those families that had shown capability in exploring agriculture, settling them in land financed by the Federal government s Rural Credit Program.
Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do Programa Vila Rural, enquanto Política Pública de desenvolvimento, nas condições de vida dos assentados, especialmente dos trabalhadores rurais volantes. No contexto de políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural, considerado um programa inédito no país, as Vilas Rurais implantadas no Paraná, no período entre 1995 a 2003, tinham como beneficiário meta os Trabalhadores Rurais Volantes (T.R.V.), assentando-os em lotes rurais de em média 5.000 m², próximos das áreas urbanas e em regiões com demanda de mão-de-obra temporária, com o objetivo de melhoria das condições de vida dos mesmos. Inicialmente apresenta-se a situação da questão agrária nacional, sob o ponto de vista de alguns teóricos e o seu agravamento em função de determinadas Políticas Públicas, como o crédito rural, que colaboraram para a formação de uma categoria de trabalhadores popularmente conhecida como bóia-fria . Aborda-se o Programa Vila Rural, subcomponente do Projeto Paraná 12 Meses, enfocando o processo e as estratégias de implantação, com destaque para a Região Oeste do Paraná. Pelos dados levantados verificou-se que, embora o beneficiário meta fosse o T. R. V., na região estudada apenas 20% das famílias assentadas tinham como titular do lote um desses trabalhadores. Para alcançar-se o objetivo proposto neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo de caso das Vilas Rurais dos municípios de Corbélia e Anahy, onde se identificou o impacto do Programa na vida dos assentados, especificamente na vida dos T. R. V. Assim, mesmo não atingindo a meta inicialmente proposta de assentar 60.000 famílias em todo o Estado e não obedecendo alguns requisitos básicos definidos pelo Programa, a avaliação é de que, se não houve mudança significativa em termos econômicos, no aspecto de qualidade de vida houve sensível transformação. Observou-se in loco, através de entrevistas com os vileiros, o aumento na auto-estima e satisfação das famílias de maneira geral, especialmente no tocante à casa própria e ao terreno para produção voltada à subsistência. Para uma efetiva melhoria nas condições socioeconômicas as Vilas Rurais necessitam ainda de projetos de geração de renda e assistência técnica, direcionados à mão-de-obra desqualificada como a do bóia-fria . Também é possível, pelas experiências das Vilas Rurais, com a identificação daquelas famílias que demonstraram aptidão à exploração agrícola de adquirirem áreas maiores, assentando-as em terrenos financiados pelo Programa Crédito Fundiário do Governo Federal.

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Dotzel, Kathryn Rose. "Three Essays on Human Capital and Innovation in the United States." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1499284768818425.

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Oliveira, Rosangela Aparecida Pereira de. "Planejamento do espaço fisico e socio-economico no meio rural : uma proposta metodologica." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257087.

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Orientador: Maristela Simões do Carmo
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Resumo: O principal problema levantado nesta tese é que a ocupação do espaço rural para a produção agropecuária se efetiva sem a devida preocupação com os recursos naturais disponíveis, em especial o solo, e sem o conhecimento das características sócio-econômicas dos produtores. Uma das evidências para essa constatação é que ainda não há estudos suficientes sobre as dinâmicas ambientais e sociais do uso do solo, ocorrendo uma supervalorização da dimensão econômica na exploração dos mesmos. Objetivou-se realizar um estudo do meio físico, através de suas potencialidades e limitações, em sobreposição aos indicadores sócio-econômicos, com vistas a avaliar uma proposta metodológica de planejamento rural para o desenvolvimento sustentável. A partir daí procurou-se quantificar a adequabilidade do uso do solo dos municípios de Aguaí, Mogi Guaçú e Estiva Gerbi, Estado de São Paulo, para os anos de 1981, 1990 e 1997, compondo um banco de dados espaciais multitemporais. A avaliação sócio-econômica foi feita por meio da análise da dinâmica de ocupação e uso dos recursos naturais pelos agricultores, agrupados em setores censitários do IBGE, cujas variáveis e tipologia, georeferrenciadas, compuseram o banco de dados de atributos. A metodologia foi desenvolvida a partir da elaboração do Mapa de Adequabilidade do Uso do Solo dos municípios, empregando-se os Mapas de Aptidão Agrícola e de Uso e Cobertura do Solo, segundo o Método de Avaliação de Aptidão Agrícola, utilizando-se imagens dos satélites Landsat 2 (MSS) e Landsat 5 (TM). Foram também analisadas as transformações no uso dos solos pela tabulação cruzada e índices de exatidão global e Kappa, que indicam o grau de evolução nas mudanças ocorridas no espaço analisado. A caracterização sócio-econômica e tecnológica dos setores censitários foi efetivada por meio da Análise Fatorial de Correspondências Múltiplas (ACM) e da Classificação Hierárquica Ascendente, com os dados do Censo Agropecuário 1995/96. Os resultados da análise física multitemporal permitiram delimitar o histórico agroambiental do uso dos solos, representando a evolução e expansão agropecuária, em relação ao uso e adequabilidade dos mesmos. A análise espaço-temporal do uso intensivo do solo e da adequabilidade indicou uma forte evolução no sentido do aumento da ocupação dos solos, tanto para um uso adequado, quanto para uma sobreutilização. Nos três municípios, percebe-se que, com a intensificação da modernização da agricultura, as terras subutilizadas vão diminuindo, gradativamente de 1981 a 1997, apontando seu decréscimo na direção do desmatamento e/ou substituições das pastagens, para a introdução de culturas anuais e/ou permanentes, de maior valor comercial. Por outro lado, áreas que deveriam estar como reservas para preservação permanente acabam também sendo apropriadas por cultivos mais intensivos, ocorrendo, novamente, uma sobreutilização do solo. Foram definidos quatro tipos de agricultores nos municípios: modernos e diversificados citrícolas capitalizados, criadores descapitalizados de animais e familiares com produção vegetal diversificada. Como resultado final, obteve-se um conjunto de mapas, que traduzem o conhecimento integral dos espaços rurais e a ocupação do território. A metodologia proposta mostrou-se apropriada para o subsídio ao planejamento sócio-ambiental, propiciando elementos para um diagnóstico atualizado e eficaz, no estabelecimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao desenvolvimento rural sustentado
Abstract: The main problem raised in this thesis is that the occupation of the agricultural space for the farming, effectives production without the proper concern with the available natural resources, in special the ground, and without the knowledge of the social and economical characteristics of the producers. One of the causes for this confirmation is that it does not have enough studies yet on the environmental and social dynamic of the use of the land, occurring a supervaluation of the economic dimension in the exploration of agricultural ground. It was aimed to carry through a study of its potentialities and limitations, in overlapping to the social and economical index, with sights to evaluate a methodological proposal of agricultural planning for the sustainable development. Since then, it was tried to quantify the adequateness of the use of lands of the cities of Aguaí, Mogi Guaçú and Estiva Gerbi, State of São Paulo, for the years of 1981, 1990 and 1997, composing a multisecular space data base. The social and economical evaluation was made by the analysis of the dynamics of occupation and use of the natural resources for the agriculturists, grouped in tax sectors of the IBGE, whose georeferenced variable and typology had composed the bank of attributes. The methodology had as base the elaboration of the Map of Adequateness of the Use of Lands of the cities, using the Maps of Agricultural Aptitude and the Use and Covering of the Ground, according to Method of Classification of Agricultural Aptitude, using images of the satellites Landsat 2 (MSS), Landsat (5 TM) and Landsat 7 (ETM+). Also the transformations in the use of lands for the cross tabulation and index of global exactness and Kappa had been analyzed, that indicate the degree of evolution in the occured changes in the analyzed space. The social, economical and technological characterization of the tax sectors was accomplished by means of the Factorial Analysis of Correspondence (ACM) and the Ascending Hierarchic Classification, with the data of 1995/96 Farming Census. The results of the multisecular physical analysis had allowed to delimit the agro-environmental description of the use of the land, being represented the evolution and farming expansion in relation to the use and adequateness of lands. The analysis space-weather of the intensive use of the ground and the adequateness, indicated one strong evolution in the direction of the increase of the occupation of lands, as much for an adjusted use as for an over-use. In the three cities, it was perceived gradually that, with the intensification of the modernization of agriculture, the underutilized lands diminished, from 1981 to 1997, pointing its decrease in the direction of the deforestation and/or substitutions of the pastures with respect to the introduction of annual and/or permanent cultures of higher commercial value. On the other hand, lands that would have to remain as reserves for permanent preservation also finishing being appropriate for more intense cultivation, occurring, again, an over-use of the lands. Four types of agriculturists in the cities had been defined: modern and diversified, capitalized citrus producers, undercapitalized animal breeders, diversified familial vegetal production. As final result, a set of maps was gotten, aiming at the integral knowledge of the agricultural spaces and the occupation of the territory. The methodology proposal revealed appropriate for the subsidy to the spcial and environmental planning, propitiating elements for a fast, brought up to date and efficient diagnosis, in the establishment of directed public politics to the supported agricultural development
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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Luo, Yi Louis, and 羅毅. "Regional economic development and the establishment of the rural financial system: a case study of ruralcredit cooperations in the Pearl River Delta." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36545648.

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McLean, Beverly Marie. "The Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Turnaround in the Pacific States (California, Oregon, and Washington): Labor Migration Flows and Economic Deconcentration." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1287.

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This dissertation examines the turnaround of labor force migration patterns in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington in the 1970s. The focus of the dissertation is the simultaneous phenomena of economic deconcentration and employment migration in nonmetropolitan counties during the turnaround period. The theoretical approach of the research draws from the disciplines of economics, geography, and sociology to develop a model that addresses what attributes of areas attract labor migration flows. The study specifies that labor migration is a function of economic activities, the environment, and accessibility. The research focus is the role that economic and noneconomic factors play in attracting labor migration flows. The spatial focus is the counties in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington. The temporal focus of study is the period between 1965 and 1975. The results of the research affirm the complexity of migration modelling. A test of equality of coefficients of the different periods investigated show significant differences between the turnaround and preturnaround models. The data results show just a few of the noneconomic factors are a major determinant of the nonmetropolitan turnaround. The model results show several unexpected results. Several of the coefficients in the models have the opposite sign of what originally was expected. Another unexpected outcome of the research is the apparent symmetry of labor in-migration and labor out-migration coefficients. A formal test for symmetry, however, shows the models are significantly different. This study finds that the economic deconcentration process in the Pacific states is not one in which metropolitan growth spilled over into the nonmetropolitan counties. Rather both the metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties simultaneously experienced deindustrializing (a decline of manufacturing employment and growth of service employment). The service related employment activity has a major influence on employment growth in the Pacific states. Although employment change does not show a significant influence on labor migration flows, labor migration does show a significant influence on employment growth in several of the model results.

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Shimizu, Helio Yassutaka. "A atividade agropecuaria na região metropolitana de Campinas (subsidios para elaboração de um plano municipal de desenvolvimento rural)." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257351.

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Orientador: João Luiz Cardoso
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Mestrado
Planejamento Agropecuario
Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

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Esteves, Jussara Carvalho Batista. "Desenvolvimento rural e subdesenvolvimento econômico no baixo São Francisco sergipano." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4552.

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Provided the 1970s, the Lower San Francisco is home to large Sergipe state interventions, in addition, the territory is influenced by the river São Francisco, both in cultural and economic. However, the territory has social indicators such as income, education, employment, health and housing, critics. From an economic standpoint, the low scale of production through lower land infrastructure, technological and commercial, is also an aggravating factor. Accordingly, this dissertation aims to analyze the indicators of economic underdevelopment in the Lower São Francisco Sergipe, and analyze what the deficiencies found in the main agricultural activities in the region. For this, the theoretical framework used in the research addresses the concept of the theory of economic development after World War II, identifying the main issues in underdeveloped countries and the major changes in rural development and the importance of institutions in the process of local economic development. However, the work is composed of two stages where the first is a lift of secondary data from IBGE information, RAIS/MTE, CODEVASF SEPLAN subsequently makes the elaboration of a questionnaire with open questions, with a more empirical approach to interviewing local representatives as chairmen of rural cooperatives and unions, and employees of public institutions that directly contribute to local development, confirming the need for interaction between them in the light of knowledge about the key challenges facing the region.
Desde a década de 1970, o Baixo São Francisco Sergipano é palco de grandes intervenções estatais, além disso, o território é influenciado pelo rio São Francisco, tanto nos aspectos culturais quanto nos econômicos. Mesmo assim apresenta um dos piores indicadores socioeconômicos, como renda, educação, emprego, saúde, habitação entre outros. Do ponto de vista econômico, a baixa escala de produção resultado da falta de uma boa infraestrutura fundiária, tecnológica e comercial, são agravantes, também, na região. Nesse sentido, essa dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os indicadores de subdesenvolvimento econômico no Baixo São Francisco Sergipano, além de analisar quais as deficiências encontradas nas principais atividades agrícolas na região. Para isso, o referencial teórico utilizado na pesquisa aborda o conceito da teoria do desenvolvimento econômico, após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, identificando as principais questões do subdesenvolvimento dos países e as principais mudanças no desenvolvimento rural, além de fazer uma abordagem do ambiente institucional importante para o desenvolvimento econômico local. Contudo, o trabalho está composto por duas etapas onde a primeira faz um levantamos de dados secundários a partir de informações do IBGE, RAIS/MTE, CODEVASF, SEPLAN; e, posteriormente faz a elaboração de um questionário com questões abertas, entrevistando os representantes locais como presidentes de cooperativas, sindicados rurais, além de funcionários de instituições públicas, confirmando a necessidade da interação entre eles, à luz do conhecimento sobre os principais desafios enfrentados na região.

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Stock, Andrei 1983, Valmor 1963 Schiochet, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "Organização associativa da agricultura familiar no território rural do Alto Vale do Itajaí." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2016. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2016/361895_1_1.pdf.

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Orientador: Valmor Schiochet.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento Regional) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Comunicação, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau.

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Zimmermann, Beatrice Aline. "Eletrificação rural: um estudo sobre o Programa Luz para Todos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/16944.

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The recent focus on the importance of infrastructure to growth and economic development combined with the importance given to the issue of poverty and its reduction have been causing discussions on rural electrification over the past few years. This relation, in theory, occurs through ways that involve objective economic factors that generally relate to increase of the productivity in places where the investment takes place. In these locations, theoretically, we should observe an increase in the range of private productive activities undertaken, since under these circumstances it is expected that productivity of the factors is greater. In addition to these routes, there are still other channels involving more subtle aspects of investment in electrification. In this sense, one can cite, for example, improvements related to education and health, ranging from extension of school activities to other shifts and the access to teaching tools before unviable, up to reductions in natality and mortality rates, related to better access to information and to improvements in the health facilities. Based on these statements, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the importance of electrical infrastructure for people living in remote areas of the big cities of Brazil, using for it the Agricultural Census (1996 and 2006), the School Census (1997 to 2011), the health database (DATASUS, 2000 to 2010) and the program Luz Para Todos (LPT) of the federal government of Brazil, put in place in 2003. Overall, the results indicate the program increases the chances of rural establishments and rural schools have access to electricity. Moreover, the results show effects from electrification provided by the program on health and education issues. On the productive aspects, however, were not found significant effects.
O recente foco dado à relevância da infraestrutura para o crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico combinado com a importância dada à questão da pobreza e de sua redução vêm ensejando as discussões sobre eletrificação rural ao longo dos últimos anos. Tal relação se dá, em teoria, por caminhos que envolvem fatores econômicos objetivos que, geralmente, se relacionam ao aumento da produtividade nos locais onde ocorre o investimento. Nesses locais, teoricamente, deve-se observar um aumento na gama de atividades produtivas privadas desenvolvidas, dado que sob essas circunstâncias é esperado que a produtividade dos fatores seja maior. Além dessas vias, ainda existem outros canais que envolvem aspectos mais sutis do investimento em eletrificação. Nesse sentido, pode-se citar, por exemplo, os aprimoramentos relacionados à educação e saúde, que vão desde a extensão das atividades escolares para outros turnos e a disponibilidade do acesso a ferramentas de ensino antes inviáveis, até a redução das taxas de natalidade e mortalidade, advindas, por exemplo, do acesso à informação e do melhor atendimento prestado nas unidades de saúde. Com base nisso, o presente estudo busca colaborar para o entendimento da importância da infraestrutura elétrica para as populações residentes em áreas afastadas dos grandes centros do Brasil, utilizando para tanto os Censos Agropecuários (1996 e 2006), os Censos Escolares (1997 a 2011), a base de dados de saúde (DATASUS, 2000 a 2010) e o programa Luz Para Todos (LPT) do governo federal do Brasil, colocado em prática no ano de 2003. De maneira geral, os resultados encontrados apontam que o programa afetou de forma significativa as chances de os estabelecimentos rurais e das escolas das áreas rurais possuírem energia elétrica. Além disso, encontrou-se efeitos da eletrificação advinda do programa sobre questões de acesso à escola e de saúde em termos demográficos. Sobre os aspectos produtivos, contudo, não se verificou efeitos significativos.

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Lopes, Magaly Briceno. "Políticas sociais e aglomeração rural no Lago do Limão - Iranduba/AM." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2010. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2490.

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FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
Some municipalities of Amazonas have experienced population growth in recent years. Among which, Iranduba, with a population increase of 72.89% over the period 1991-2000. In this town stands the district of Lake Lemon, who despite not provide economic development, has experienced as verified on the spot, a population growth over the past 40 years. Thus, it is assumed that the growth of this district is not related to economic growth, but the income transfer policies, such as the Bolsa - Family, pensions, Cash Benefit (BPC), beyond the minimal infrastructure offered as schools, health clinics, among others. Accordingly, after the application of form, held a correspondence analysis in order to verify whether in fact these variables contribute to the decision to migrate to the interior of the cluster, and confronted the incomes earned from productive activities with revenue comprised for income transfers in order to check whether the transfers are higher than the rents of productive activities. By these methods it is concluded that the factors tranquility and education were crucial in the decision to migrate, however, the benefits are not associated with any such decision. The answer in relation to the factors that determined the migration refute the neoclassical hypotheses in which the individual migrates in search of economic opportunities. However, migration from Lake Lemon to Manaus undoubtedly confirm such theories, since the population leaves the rural village towards the city in search of economic opportunities offered by it. Moreover, the income consists of social benefits proved to be greater than the activities of a rural social benefits without assuming a preference to receive benefits than produce. Pensions stand out as the main source of income. It appears from this study the importance of social benefits in economies that have low momentum, since at Lake Lemon, declined significantly families without income after the implementation of GMP. It should be emphasized that according to the IBGE, the Lake Lemon showed decline in their overall population in the 2000-2007 period, refuting the hypothesis of growth. However, there was space to expand, attributed to the "new families" that required new homes. The families that inhabit Lake Lemon, for the most part, they practice fishing and extraction for consumption, in addition, state high resident satisfaction in the cluster. Anyway, it is necessary to discuss the maintenance of the population in rural areas, due to availability of basic infrastructure such as education and health, in addition to income transfer programs, which somehow contributes to a sustainable space, in other words, reduction in population pressure in large cities.
Alguns municípios do Amazonas têm experimentado crescimento populacional nos últimos anos. Dentre os quais, Iranduba, com um incremento populacional de 72,89% durante o período 1991-2000. Neste município destaca-se o distrito do Lago do Limão, que apesar de não apresentar desenvolvimento econômico, tem experimentado, conforme verificação ―in loco‖, um crescimento populacional nos últimos 40 anos. Dessa forma, supõe-se que o crescimento deste distrito não está associado ao crescimento econômico, mas sim a políticas de transferência de renda, tais como a Bolsa Família, aposentadorias, pensões, Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), além da infraestrutura mínima oferecida como escola, posto de Saúde, dentre outras. Nesse sentido, após a aplicação de formulários, realizou-se uma análise de correspondência no sentido de verificar se de fato estas variáveis contribuem para a decisão de migrar para o interior do aglomerado, bem como se confrontou as rendas auferidas de atividades produtivas com rendas compostas por transferências de renda, no intuito de verificar se as com transferências são maiores que as rendas das atividades produtivas. Por meio destes métodos conclui-se que os fatores tranquilidade e educação foram determinantes na decisão de migrar, no entanto, os benefícios sociais não estão associados a tal decisão. A resposta em relação aos fatores que determinaram a migração refutam as hipóteses neoclássicas, nas quais o individuo migra em busca de oportunidades econômicas. Contudo, as migrações do Lago do Limão para Manaus, indubitavelmente, confirmam tais teorias, posto que a população sai do aglomerado rural rumo a cidade em busca de oportunidades econômicas ofertadas por esta. Além disso, a renda familiar composta por benefícios sociais demonstrou-se ser maior que as atividades de caráter rural sem benefícios sociais, pressupondo uma preferência a receber benefícios do que produzir. As aposentadorias destacam-se como principal fonte de renda familiar. Depreende-se desse estudo a importância dos benefícios sociais nas economias que apresentam baixo dinamismo, posto que no Lago do Limão, reduziram-se significativamente as famílias sem rendimento após a implantação do PBF. Importa ressaltar, que conforme o IBGE, o Lago do Limão apresentou declínio em seu contingente populacional no período 2000-2007, refutando a hipótese de crescimento. Contudo, verificou-se a sua expansão espacial, atribuída ao as ―famílias novas‖ que demandaram novas residências. As famílias que habitam o Lago do Limão, em sua maior parte, praticam extrativismo e pesca para o autoconsumo, além disso, afirmam alta satisfação em residir no aglomerado. Enfim, é necessário discutir a manutenção da população em áreas rurais, devido à oferta de uma infraestrutura básica, tais como educação e saúde, além dos programas de transferência de renda, o que de certa forma contribui para uma sustentabilidade espacial, ou seja, redução na pressão demográfica das grandes cidades.

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Lee, Marisa Rene. "BICYCLE TOURISM PLAN FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A TEMPLATE FOR RURAL AGRICULTURAL TOWNS AND A CASE STUDY FOR THE CITY OF WINTERS, CALIFORNIA." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1383.

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Bicycling is a method of tourism transportation that is healthy, non-invasive, environmentally responsible, and economically sustainable. It allows freedom, mobility, and sightseeing potential that is not made possible by other modes of transit. Thousands of bicycle tourists travel from all over the globe annually to explore California on touring bikes via established cycling routes and robust determination. Thousands of additional domestic and international visitors take weekend trips, plan family vacations, travel for business, or tour California from abroad, many of whom are excellent candidates for local and regional bicycle touring at a more gentle intensity level. The increasing popularity and prominence of bicycle tourism, among both domestic and international travelers, carries great potential for economic benefit to local communities. Rural and agricultural communities can particularly benefit from bicycle tourism, as these communities do not normally experience the benefits of tourism as significantly as their urban, coastal or mountainous neighbors. Tourism that is developed in accordance with the size, scale, constraints and character of a particular community can have a beneficial effect on the economics and industry of the area. Infrastructure projects to this effect, such as development of a town or regional trail system, wayfinding features, or other resources come with benefits for visitors and locals in the form of recreation, public health, mobility, and access to food, drink, amenities, scenic areas, jobs and commerce. Trails may further improve the economy of the local housing market, as proximity to trails has a positive effect on housing values. Incorporation of agricultural destinations into local tourism planning creates a draw for visitors and can become a mutually beneficial relationship – contributing to the economic stability of the agriculture industry, preserving local farm lands, increasing tourism revenue and educating the public on the importance of local farming. Through careful planning of the touristic components of the destination, rural communities can achieve multifaceted economic benefits of diverse and versatile tourism amenities.

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Sikora, Mafalda Ales. "As políticas de imigração no Brasil nos séculos XIX e XX e o desenvolvimento de territórios: estudo de caso da Colônia Dom Pedro II - Campo Largo - Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/983.

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A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as influências das políticas brasileiras de imigração dos séculos XIX e XX no desenvolvimento da Colônia Dom Pedro II (Campo Largo – Paraná) sob a perspectiva dos descendentes de imigrantes poloneses. Por meio do Estudo de Caso, como método de trabalho científico, e utilizando as técnicas de pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e de campo, desenvolveu-se uma investigação nesse território. Como principais resultados, constatou-se que as políticas imigratórias do século XIX e XX favoreceram a formação de colônias de imigrantes em diferentes regiões do Brasil. No Paraná, uma delas foi a Colônia Dom Pedro II (1876), formada por imigrantes poloneses. Desde sua implantação, esta Colônia passou por mudanças socioeconômicas, políticas e cultural, impactadas por políticas imigratórias, dos períodos, imperial, de transição do final de trabalho escravo, e da república. A Colônia estruturou-se e desenvolveu-se a partir das políticas imigratórias do governo, com o apoio importante da igreja. Na economia, as mudanças ocorreram principalmente nos sistemas de produção agrícola. Da agricultura familiar de subsistência, para as agriculturas familiar tradicional, orgânica, mecanizada, do agronegócio, turismo rural. Os imigrantes poloneses foram gradativamente inserindo a sua cultura, costumes, tradições e a religiosidade na estruturação do território.
This research aims to analyze the influences of Brazilian immigration policies of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in the development of the colony Dom Pedro II (Campo Largo - Paraná) from the perspective of the descendants of Polish immigrants. Through the case study, a method of scientific work, and through the techniques of documentation, bibliographic and field research, was developed an investigation on the territory of Cologne. As main results, it was found that the immigration policies of the nineteenth and twentieth century has favored the formation of colonies of immigrants from different regions of Brazil. In Paraná State, one of them was the Cologne Dom Pedro II (1876), formed by Polish immigrants. Since its implementation, this Colony passed socioeconomic, political and cultural changes, impacted by immigration policies from the periods imperial, the transition from the end of slavery and the republic. The Colony it was structured and developed from the immigration policies of the government, with the important support of the Catholic Church. In economics, the changes occurred mainly in agricultural production systems. From the familiar subsistence farming, for traditional farming, mechanized agriculture, agribusiness and rural tourism.

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Oliveira, Rosangela Aparecida Pereira de. "Adequação da dinamica do uso agricola e avaliação socio-economica das terras do municipio de Aguai/SP." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257619.

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Orientadores : Maristela Simões do Carmo, Jansle Vieira Rocha
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Mestrado

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Melo, Renata Faria de. "Análise do desenvolvimento rural na região do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba: caracterização dos municípios com base em indicadores populacionais, econômicos, ambientais e de bem-estar social." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2005. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13542.

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Mestre em Economia
Este trabalho propõe uma análise do desenvolvimento rural do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba para mostrar que, mesmo em uma das regiões agrícolas mais desenvolvidas do País, constata-se que nem todos os seus municípios têm bom nível de desenvolvimento rural e que existe uma diferenciação populacional, social, econômica e ambiental. Para verificar e mostrar como ocorre essa diferenciação, foi elaborado o Índice de Desenvolvimento Rural (IDR), que permitiu classificar os municípios da região como de alto, médio e baixo nível de desenvolvimento. Além disso, foram empregadas técnicas de Análise Multivariada, sobretudo a Análise das Componentes Principais (ACP) e a Análise de Cluster. Com base na ACP, foram identificadas as direções principais do desenvolvimento rural da região; pela Análise de Cluster conjugada com a ACP , foram obtidos grupos de municípios com níveis semelhantes de desenvolvimento rural. Os dados usados provêm de publicações do IBGE, em especial o Censo Demográfico de 1991 e 2000 e o Censo Agropecuário 1995/96, com informações de âmbito municipal. Os resultados obtidos, pela construção do IDR e pelas técnicas de análise multivariada, servem para mostrar que, na explicação do desenvolvimento rural, as questões populacionais, econômicas, ambientais e de bem-estar social devem ser consideradas em conjunto e da forma mais relacionada possível. O desenvolvimento rural da região não pode ser apreendido apenas pela ótica econômica, pois os aspectos sociais e ambientais são relevantes para se compreender parte desse desenvolvimento e, portanto, o processo de diferenciação verificado na região.

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Devenish, Alan Thomas. "Ariège’s Development Conundrum." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1787.

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Since the latter half of the nineteenth century, industrialization and modernization have strongly shaped the development of the French department Ariège. Over the last roughly 150 years, Ariège has seen its population decline from a quarter million to 150,00. Its traditional agrarian economy has been remade for competition on global markets, and the department has relied on tourism to bring in revenue where other traditional industries have failed to do so. In this thesis I identify the European Union and French policies that continue to guide Ariège's development through subsidies and regulation. I explain the origins and effects of modernization on rural areas such as Ariège, and the ways in which market pressures and new technologies have reshaped the landscape, and advance an argument for why Ariège's story is relevant across rural Europe and communities globally that exist at the margins.

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Hall, Scott W. "ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ETHANOL BIOREFINERIES IN THE U.S. MIDWEST FROM 2001 TO 2015: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/agecon_etds/76.

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The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the economic impact of newly operational ethanol biorefineries on rural counties in the U.S. Midwest region for the period 2001 to 2015 using a quasi-experimental approach. Rapid growth in the ethanol industry expanded the number of ethanol plants located in the U.S. Midwest from 54 in 2001 to 173 in 2015. Out of the counties with 119 new ethanol biorefineries, 97 counties met the general treatment criteria defined in this dissertation, but only 56 of those counties qualified for the rural treatment criteria. Counties with ethanol biorefineries that qualified for treatment were organized into a treated group based on county level data. Six counterfactual control groups (or control counties without ethanol biorefineries) were contemporaneously matched to the treated counties based on the Mahalanobis distance metric evaluated on a set of 29 selection variables. Matching occurred on two levels. In the first level, matching was performed both for the in-state level and over the entire Midwest region. In the second level, three criteria were used to select the final control groups: Mahalanobis distance metric best match, population best match, and rural-urban continuum codes (RUCC) best match. Economic impact is evaluated based on the growth rate in real per capita earnings for the treated group over a period from one to five years after treatment relative to the control group. A difference-in-differences (DID) model is used to assess the significance of results where the dependent variable is the natural log of real per capita earnings and a set of control variables is used to capture state fixed effects, time fixed effects and spillover effects. Empirical results evaluated against a representative Midwest control group and over six regression models adjusting for various fixed effects produced, on average, one-sided significant results for average treatment on the treated (ATOT) with a (min, max) range of growth rates as (5.53%-7.63%), (10.0%-12.0%), (14.7%-19.6%), (14.5%-18.3%), and (13.3%-18.9%) from one to five years after treatment, respectively. The minimum value of these estimates can be represented as an uncorrected average annual growth rate as 2.75%, 3.33%, 3.68%, 2.90%, and 2.22% over the respective period from one to five years after treatment. Employment levels for the treated group increased on average by 211 at the county level five years after treatment. A comparative Midwest control group lost, on average, 169 jobs over the five year period after treatment. A treated county employment multiplier calculated using the direct, indirect and induced employment impacts varied from 1.46 during the year of treatment to 7.6 five years after treatment relative to the control group. Five years after treatment, the treated group employment rate gradually increased, on average, by 2.2% which was better than either of the two counterfactual control groups used in this comparison. Overall, the analysis presented in this dissertation does show statistically significant positive economic impacts, on average, for rural U.S. Midwest counties with newly operational ethanol biorefineries relative to control counties without an ethanol biorefinery. These results demonstrate that the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) contributed to positive rural economic development impacts in treated counties with the possibility of spillover effects positively affecting contiguous counties.

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Souza, Vanuza Silva. "Agricultura familiar e as politicas públicas: o desenvolvimento rural em Amargosa/BA." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2014. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456730/138.

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Analisou-se neste trabalho a agricultura familiar em Amargosa- Ba, e sua inserção nas políticas públicas que contemplam os agricultores familiares no período de 2000 até 2014. A partir da sistematização de conceitos de agricultura familiar nos debates científicos e no discurso de governo definiu-se agricultor familiar para o município. Caracterizou-se a área municipal por sua localização, estrutura fundiária, e produção agropecuária, identificou-se políticas, ações e programas de governo direcionados aos agricultores familiares, e examinadas as formas de acesso e o perfil dos agricultores contemplados, bem como as condições efetivas de participação e representação dos agricultores familiares. A abordagem descritiva e analítica possibilitou caracterizar a produção e correlaciona-la com as políticas vigentes no município, para obter o perfil dos agricultores familiares. O município foi escolhido como objeto de estudo por trazer características rurais com grande potencial para desenvolvimento socioeconômico possibilitados pela característica edafoclimático e pela variedade de produtos cultivados. Apresentamos as dificuldades que os agricultores familiares encontram para comercializar seus produtos devido a carência de políticas públicas mais específicas.
This work analyzes family farming and its insertion in public policies in the period of 2000 till 2014, situated in the city of Amargosa, in the State of Bahia. First, the concepts of family farming are defined as they occur in scientific literature and government communication, as well as the definition of family farm for the municipality. The municipal area is characterized in terms of its location, land ownership as well as agricultural production. Government policies, actions and programs that are directed towards family farms are identified. Furthermore, ways in which the farmers can be accessed and profiled are examined as well as the actual terms of participation and representation of family farms. The descriptive and analytical approach followed in this thesis enables to characterize the agricultural production and its correlation with the prevailing policies in the municipality, in order to obtain a profile of the family farmers. The municipality was chosen because of its rural characteristics that offer great potential for socio-economic development due to its edaphoclimatic conditions and the variety of crops grown. We present the difficulties that farmers are facing to commercialize their products due to the lack of more specific policies.

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Kostansek, Joy. "A Full Plate: A Case Study Analysis of Anchor Institution Investment in a Regional FoodSystem." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou158679495806688.

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SOUSA, Valmiene Florindo Farias. "ELETRIFICAÇÃO RURAL NO BAIXO-AMAZONAS: da concepção da Política às mudanças nas condições de vida dos idosos impactados pelo Programa “Luz para Todos”." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1777.

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FAPEMA
The Plpt has been created to be a vector of development and articulating public policies for this purpose. In this sense, this work sought to identify the conditions and determinants of social impacts from the implementation of the Luz para Todos Program in the living conditions of the elderly in the Baixo-Amazonas Region. The purpose of the evaluation was to analyze the construction of the electrification policy in Brazil and Amazonas and verify dimensions that constitute the integrality of the living conditions of the elderly that could be impacted by the actions of rural electrification. The research followed the impact assessment methodology. A bibliographical, documentary and field research product had as its locus of study three rural communities: Santa Tereza do Matupiri, São Benedito and Maranhão Community, located in the municipalities of Barreirinha, Boa Vista do Ramos and Parintins, in the Amazonas State. The research pointed out that the Brazilian energy matrix is based on the conception of developmentalist ideology and that in the Amazon State, the expansion of the energy sector was identified with the process of modernization of cities and, later on, for productive and industrial use. As for the changes in the communities surveyed, education was a point of unanimity for the elderly, since electricity offered the opportunity of technological courses. Regarding production, there were no drastic changes to the increase. As for family and community coexistence, the rural electrification contributed to increase the nocturnal frequency activities. Regarding the level of consumption, access to electric power made it possible to purchase electrical and electronic appliances. Regarding the impacts of rural electrification on aging, we learn about that electricity: facilitates accessibility in spaces; Gives access to piped water; Brings well-being and comfort; Assists in food storage; The residential lighting favors the reduction of elderly falls (domestic accidents) and the acquisition of household appliances facilitates the daily activities. In this sense, rural electrification despite paradoxes has brought benefits to the elderly and changes in their living conditions have changed significantly. It was verified in the research that after the rural electrification in the communities surveyed, there was only the growth of the demand for electric energy and the energy supply per se, it did not only result in local development, because this depends an objective articulation with other policies.
O PLpT foi criado com o objetivo de ser vetor de desenvolvimento e articular políticas públicas para esse fim. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou identificar os condicionantes e determinantes dos impactos sociais a partir da implementação do Programa Luz para Todos nas condições de vida dos idosos da Região do Baixo-Amazonas. O propósito da avaliação foi analisar a construção da política de eletrificação no Brasil e Amazonas e verificar dimensões que constituem a integralidade das condições de vida dos idosos que poderiam ser impactadas pelas ações da eletrificação rural. A pesquisa foi orientada pela metodologia da avaliação de impacto. Produto de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo teve como locus de estudo três comunidades rurais: Santa Tereza do Matupiri, São Benedito e Comunidade do Maranhão, localizadas nos municípios de Barreirinha, Boa Vista do Ramos e Parintins, no estado do Amazonas. A pesquisa apontou que a matriz energética construída no país assenta-se na concepção da ideologia desenvolvimentista e que na Amazônia, a expansão do setor energético identifica-se com o processo de modernização das cidades e, posteriormente, para o uso produtivo e industrial. Quanto as mudanças nas comunidades pesquisadas, à educação foi um ponto de unanimidade para os idosos, visto que a energia elétrica oportunizou a oferta de cursos tecnológicos. No que tange a produção, não houve mudanças drásticas para o incremento desta. Quanto à convivência familiar e comunitária, a eletrificação rural, contribuiu para o aumento da frequência em atividades noturnas. Referente ao nível de consumo, o acesso à energia elétrica possibilitou a aquisição de eletroeletrônicos e eletrodomésticos. Quanto aos impactos da eletrificação rural para o envelhecimento, apreendemos que a energia elétrica: facilita a acessibilidade nos espaços; dá acesso à água encanada; traz bem-estar e conforto; auxilia na conservação de alimentos; a iluminação residencial favorece a diminuição de quedas e a aquisição de eletrodomésticos facilita as atividades cotidianas. Nesse sentido, a eletrificação rural apesar dos paradoxos, trouxe benefícios para os idosos e as mudanças em suas condições de vida foram alteradas de maneira significativa. Constatou-se na pesquisa que após a eletrificação rural nas comunidades pesquisadas, houve somente o crescimento da demanda por energia elétrica e o abastecimento energético por si, só não resultou em desenvolvimento local, pois disso depende uma articulação objetiva com outras políticas.

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Grava, Diego da Silva 1984, Luciano Félix 1964 Florit, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "A construção social da pecuária como "vocação regional" em Santa Catarina :notas críticas sobre suas implicações socioeconômicas, ambientais e éticas /." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2013. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2013/354298_1_1.pdf.

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Larkin, Shaun Maurice. "Quality-based benefit design in health insurance : the impact of a product benefit design change on the utilisation of oral health services by members of a private health insurance fund in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/26735/1/Shaun_Larkin_Thesis.pdf.

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Objective: To examine the impact on dental utilisation following the introduction of a participating provider scheme (Regional and Rural Oral Health Program {RROHP)). In this model dentists receive higher third party payments from a private health insurance fund for delivering an agreed range of preventive and diagnostic benefits at no out-ofpocket cost to insured patients. Data source/Study setting: Hospitals Contribution Fund of Australia (HCF) dental claims for all members resident in New South Wales over the six financial years from l99811999 to 200312004. Study design: This cohort study involves before and after analyses of dental claims experience over a six year period for approximately 81,000 individuals in the intervention group (HCF members resident in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia) and 267,000 in the control group (HCF members resident in the Sydney area). Only claims for individuals who were members of HCF at 31 December 1997 were included. The analysis groups claims into the three years prior to the establishment of the RROHP and the three years subsequent to implementation. Data collection/Extraction methods: The analysis is based on all claims submitted by users of services for visits between 1 July 1988 and 30 June 2004. In these data approximately 1,000,000 services were provided to the intervention group and approximately 4,900,000 in the control group. Principal findings: Using Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts, special cause variation was identified in total utilisation rate of private dental services in the intervention group post implementation. No such variation was present in the control group. On average in the three years after implementation of the program the utilisation rate of dental services by regional and rural residents of New South Wales who where members of HCF grew by 12.6%, over eight times the growth rate of 1.5% observed in the control group (HCF members who were Sydney residents). The differences were even more pronounced in the areas of service that were the focus of the program: diagnostic and preventive services. Conclusion: The implementation of a benefit design change, a participating provider scheme, that involved the removal of CO-payments on a defined range of preventive and diagnostic dental services combined with the establishment and promotion of a network of dentists, appears to have had a marked impact on HCF members' utilisation of dental services in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia.

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Larkin, Shaun Maurice. "Quality-based benefit design in health insurance : the impact of a product benefit design change on the utilisation of oral health services by members of a private health insurance fund in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/26735/.

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Objective: To examine the impact on dental utilisation following the introduction of a participating provider scheme (Regional and Rural Oral Health Program {RROHP)). In this model dentists receive higher third party payments from a private health insurance fund for delivering an agreed range of preventive and diagnostic benefits at no out-ofpocket cost to insured patients. Data source/Study setting: Hospitals Contribution Fund of Australia (HCF) dental claims for all members resident in New South Wales over the six financial years from l99811999 to 200312004. Study design: This cohort study involves before and after analyses of dental claims experience over a six year period for approximately 81,000 individuals in the intervention group (HCF members resident in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia) and 267,000 in the control group (HCF members resident in the Sydney area). Only claims for individuals who were members of HCF at 31 December 1997 were included. The analysis groups claims into the three years prior to the establishment of the RROHP and the three years subsequent to implementation. Data collection/Extraction methods: The analysis is based on all claims submitted by users of services for visits between 1 July 1988 and 30 June 2004. In these data approximately 1,000,000 services were provided to the intervention group and approximately 4,900,000 in the control group. Principal findings: Using Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts, special cause variation was identified in total utilisation rate of private dental services in the intervention group post implementation. No such variation was present in the control group. On average in the three years after implementation of the program the utilisation rate of dental services by regional and rural residents of New South Wales who where members of HCF grew by 12.6%, over eight times the growth rate of 1.5% observed in the control group (HCF members who were Sydney residents). The differences were even more pronounced in the areas of service that were the focus of the program: diagnostic and preventive services. Conclusion: The implementation of a benefit design change, a participating provider scheme, that involved the removal of CO-payments on a defined range of preventive and diagnostic dental services combined with the establishment and promotion of a network of dentists, appears to have had a marked impact on HCF members' utilisation of dental services in regional and rural New South Wales, Australia.

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Ferrari, Dilvan Luiz. "Agricultura familiar, trabalho e desenvolvimento no oeste de Santa Catarina." Campinas, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/85111.

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Baumann, Robert William. "Three essays on the Appalachian region." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1059514769.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 113 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Patricia Reagan, Dept. of Economics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108).

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Carlos, Rosa Matilde Pimpão. "Centralidade, segregação e estruturação do espaço intraurbano : a transição da sociedade rural para urbana em Taubaté." Universidade de Taubaté, 2014. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=733.

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O presente trabalho tem como tema a interpretação da organização do espaço intraurbano da cidade de Taubaté, localizada na Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte, no período de 1877 a 1950, quando se deu a transição do predomínio das atividades urbanas sobre as rurais. O método utilizado consiste na aplicação do Modelo de Hoyt, baseado nos estudos feitos por Flávio Villaça sobre espaço intraurbano nas cidades brasileiras. Utiliza-se também da construção de sequências temporais de mapas temáticos necessários para a elaboração do modelo, e que permitiram analisar a expansão e a estruturação do espaço urbano. A revisão historiográfica permitiu o estabelecimento de uma periodização que combinou aspectos políticos e econômicos que marcaram etapas e fases anteriores ao período estudado, por compreender a importância dos eventos antecedentes na organização do espaço urbano. A mesma revisão permitiu a compreensão do momento posterior ao recorte temporal adotado. Como resultado observou-se que em cada período analisado a centralidade e a segregação espacial manifestaram-se de forma específica. O estudo permite concluir que as centralidades ocorrem de acordo com as funções urbanas e variam historicamente, produto de novas expansões, e da mesma forma reproduzem-se as desigualdades sociais inerentes ao sistema econômico e político.
This work is subject to interpretation and organization of the urban space in Brazilian urban centers and aims to study and interpret the case of Taubaté, located in the Metropolitan Region of Paraiba Valley and the North Coast . The method used is application of Hoyt model, based on studies by Flávio Villaça intraurbano about space and the construction of temporal sequences of thematic maps used for the development of a model that would allow to analyze the expansion and structuring of urban space. The historiographical revision allowed the establishment of a periodization that combined political and economic aspects that marked steps and stages in the organization of urban space. As a result it was observed that in each period analyzed the centrality and spatial segregation manifested in a specific way. The study shows that the centrality occur according to urban functions and vary historically , new product expansions , and similarly reproduce the inherent economic and political system social inequalities .

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LIMA, João Ricardo Ferreira de. "A evolução das rendas e atividades não-agrícolas na Paraíba dos anos 90." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2002. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1690.

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O problema central deste trabalho é entender a evolução das ocupações e das rendas das famílias rurais paraibanas nos anos 90. O objetivo é identificar a importância das atividades e das rendas não-agrícolas, além das transferências públicas/privadas para a melhoria e/ou manutenção das famílias nas áreas rurais. Para isto, analisamos a evolução das famílias rurais agrícolas, das famílias rurais não-agrícolas e das famílias rurais pluriativas nos anos 90, divididas entre empregadores, conta-própria, assalariados e não-ocupados. Estudamos também o comportamento dos rendimentos obtidos (pós plano Real) e a proporção de cada um no total. Comparamos ainda os rendimentos das famílias rurais agrícolas, pluriativas e não-agrícolas, de acordo com o estrato de área dos estabelecimentos. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica baseada em trabalhos produzidos dentro do projeto RURBANO e a análise das informações dos microdados das PNAD (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio) do EBGE, relativas ao rural paraibano nos anos 90. A exemplo do que ficou demonstrado na situação nacional e regional, na Paraíba também se constata um crescimento das chamadas ORNA (ocupações rurais não-agricolas), do aumento no número das famílias pluriativas e não-agrícolas residentes em áreas rurais, além de uma grande disparidade entre as rendas obtidas pelas famílias exclusivamente agrícolas daquelas não-agrícolas e pluriativas, principalmente nos anos secos. As famílias pluriativas dependem menos das transferências públicas e privadas, comparando com as famílias agrícolas. Constatamos que no período pós plano Real, as rendas agrícolas apresentam um movimento de forte queda e as rendas não-agrícolas possuem um movimento inverso, sempre crescendo a cada ano. Finalmente, independente do estrato de área dos estabelecimentos e a situação da família (empregadora com até 2 empregados permanentes ou conta-própria), as rendas das famílias do tipo agrícolas são menores que as das famílias pluriativas. Apesar da pluriatividade num estado pobre como a Paraíba decorrer em sua maior parte de estratégias familiares que procuram alternativas de renda para poderem sobreviver e manter o estabelecimento rural, isto não significa que o estado não possua condições de repensar o desenvolvimento das áreas rurais, reorganizando a base de sustentação de milhares de pequenos agricultores queóioje sobrevivem da agricultura de subsistência, com base em atividades agrícolas que possuam nichos de mercado e também em atividades não-agrícolas, como ecoturismo, chácaras de lazer e serviços públicos essenciais que existem nas áreas urbanas.
The central problem of this work is to understand the evolution of occupations and the paraibanas household incomes in the nineties. The objective is to identify the importance of activities and the non-agricultural incomes, besides the transfers public/private for the improvement and/or maintenance of the families in rural áreas. For this, we analyzed the evolution of the agricultural household, the non-agricultural household and pluriactive household in the nineties, divided among employers, billown, salaried and unemployed. We also studied the behavior of the obtained revenues (post plan Real) and the proportion of each one in total. We still compared the revenues of agricultural household, pluriactive and non-agricultural, in agreement with the establishments stratum of area. The used methodology was a bibliographical research based on works produced inside the project RURBANO and analysis through the data generated by PNAD (Brazilian National Household Surveys) of IBGE, relative to the rural paraibano in the nineties. To example of what was demonstrated in national and regional situation, in Paraíba a growth of the ORNA (non-agricultural rural occupations) is also verified, like that increase in the number of pluriactive household and nonagricultural residents in rural áreas, besides a great disparity among the incomes obtained exclusively by the agricultural househould of those non-agricultural ones and pluriactive, mainly in the dryness years. The pluriactive household depend less on the public and private transfers, comparing with the agricultural. We verified that in the period post plan Real, the agricultural incomes present a movement of strong fali and the non-agricultural incomes possess an inverse movement, always growing every year. Finally, independem of the establishments stratum of area and the family situation (employer with until 2 employees permanent or bill-own), the incomes agricultural household type are smaller than pluriactive. In spite of the pluriactivity in a poor state like Paraíba to elapse in your largest part of household strategies that seek alternatives of income to survive and maintain the rural establishment, this doesn't mean that the state d^esn't possess conditions of rethinking the rural development, reorganizing the economics base of thousands small farmers that today survive of the subsistence agriculture, investing (for example) in agricultural activities that possess market niches and also in non-agricultural activities, as eco-tourism, leisure small farms and essential public services that exist in the urban áreas.

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Willers, Ednilse Maria. "Estratégia de desenvolvimento econômico local: o caso do Município de Terra Roxa-PR." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2006. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2235.

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The objective of this research was to analyze and to define a strategy of economic development that consolidates the economic emergency of Terra Roxa City - PR. Based on the theoretical premise of Hirschman (1974, 1996), in which the industrial expansion is a consequence of the economic development and the local is becoming the space of reference of strategic actions stimulating this expansion, the causes of the economic emergency of Terra Roxa were identified. The results of this research evidenced that its emergency is a consequence of the industrial base formed by micro, small and medium companies that are specialized in the branch of infantile confections. This industrial base has been responsible for the changes in the productive structure of the city, from urban-agricultural to urban-industrial, producing a sequence of events, stimulators of the local economy. As final result of this research, a strategy of economic development for the base was proposed. This strategy aims to the consolidation of the industrial base of infantile confections in Terra Roxa, stimulating the necessary structural changes to the productive chains that will lead, with the times, the economic development of the city.
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar e definir uma estratégia de desenvolvimento econômico que consolide a emergência econômica do município de Terra Roxa - PR. Partindo da premissa teórica de Hirschman (1974, 1996), que a expansão industrial é um reflexo do desenvolvimento econômico e que o local passa a ser o espaço de referência de ações estratégicas que estimulam essa expansão, foi identificado às causas da emergência econômica de Terra Roxa. Através dos resultados da pesquisa constatou-se que a sua emergência adveio da base industrial formada por micro, pequenas e média empresas que se especializaram no ramo de confecções infantis. Esta base industrial esta sendo responsável pelas mudanças na estrutura produtiva do município, de urbano-rural para urbano-industrial, produzindo uma seqüência de eventos estimuladores da economia local. Como resultado final da pesquisa, foi proposta uma estratégia de desenvolvimento econômico pela base. Esta estratégia visa à consolidação da base industrial de confecções infantis de Terra Roxa, estimulando as mudanças estruturais necessárias aos encadeamentos produtivos que levarão, ao longo do tempo, o desenvolvimento econômico do município.

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Tanure, Tarik Marques do Prado. "Desenvolvimento territorial rural: políticas públicas no território da cidadania do noroeste de Minas." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2012. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13552.

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This dissertation studies the impacts and profiles of public policies made of different conceptions of development in the Territórios da Cidadania do Noroeste de Minas, highlighting the role due by Territórios da Cidadania Program. Two types of planning are included in the analyzed policies, the first is recorded from the 1970s, based in a centralized scope, with a strong regional inspiration and whose focus was the development of agriculture; the second occurred from mid-1990s and deepened in the 2000s, based in a decentralized planning, with territorial public policies, taking into account the peculiarities of the territory and farmers. In this sense we tried to verify which profile of public policy is best for the territory to reach the economic and social development, since it is a territory with low economic dynamism. Nevertheless, we sought to verify the initial impacts of the Territórios da Cidadania Program, analyzing whether it is still doing in practice what it set out to do. The analyzed indicators point to a substantial increase in quality of life of the territory over the period analyzed. Some of these indicators has evolved due to conjunctural factors, but a considerable part evolved, mainly because of specific public policies, particularly in the 2000s.
Esta dissertação estuda os impactos e os perfis das políticas públicas orientadas sob distintas concepções de desenvolvimento no Território da Cidadania do Noroeste de Minas, com destaque para as ações compreendidas pelo Programa Territórios da Cidadania. Dentro das políticas públicas analisadas destacam-se dois tipos de planejamento, sendo o primeiro verificado a partir da década de 1970, de âmbito centralizado, com forte inspiração regional tradicional e cujo foco foi o desenvolvimento da agricultura; e o segundo, verificado a partir de meados da década de 1990 e aprofundado nos anos 2000, compreendendo um planejamento de cunho descentralizado, com políticas públicas de corte territorial, levando em consideração as particularidades do território e dos produtores rurais. Neste sentido procuramos verificar qual perfil de política pública é mais indicado para que o território alcance o desenvolvimento econômico e social, visto que é um território dotado de baixo dinamismo econômico. Não obstante, procuramos verificar os impactos iniciais do Programa Territórios da Cidadania, analisando ainda se o mesmo vem cumprindo na prática o que se propôs a fazer. Os indicadores analisados apontam para um substancial aumento na qualidade de vida da população do território ao longo do período analisado. Parte desses indicadores evoluiu devido a fatores conjunturais, mas uma parte considerável evoluiu, sobretudo, devido a políticas públicas específicas, particularmente nos anos 2000.
Mestre em Economia

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Pontes, Alzair Eduardo. "Ocupação territorial e conflitos : o caso do assentamento São Domingos dos Olhos Dágua." Universidade de Taubaté, 2014. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=724.

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O território estudado localiza-se na região sul do estado de Goiás, no município de Morrinhos, e denomina-se Assentamento São Domingos dos Olhos Dágua. O estudo partiu do pressuposto que o território é um espaço onde o poder e a dominação são predominantes. No território desenvolve-se a relação desigual de forças que lutam pelo domínio e apropriação do espaço mediante o controle político-econômico. A conquista de uma fração do território é um trunfo na luta pela terra, que viabiliza o processo de territorialização do próprio combate. Esse processo é entendido, no seu caráter mais geral, na luta contra a expropriação e contra a exploração do desenvolvimento capitalista. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, e por realizar-se em uma localidade onde não existem trabalhos semelhantes ao proposto classifica-se como pesquisa exploratória. Não deixa, porém, de ser uma pesquisa descritiva, pois apresenta características comuns a outras pesquisas que também se enquadram nessa denominação. Em campo realizaram-se 72 entrevistas e foram observados o acervo da CPT, relatórios do INCRA, e atas das entidades ligadas ao PA, com o objetivo de melhor compreender as relações de poder relacionadas à ocupação do território no contexto da reforma agrária em âmbito local. A pesquisa revelou que existem forças antagônicas no processo de ocupação e territorialização do espaço rural, o que torna o território uma zona onde as ações são conflituosas. As políticas públicas implementadas nas últimas décadas foram apenas paliativas, pois, como exposto no estudo, a reforma agrária brasileira ainda não subsidia seus beneficiários de ferramentas e condições para uma produção alternativa frente ao modelo capitalista vigente. Ficou evidente, ainda, que o assentamento é um espaço social complexo, marcado por disputas políticas, em que grupos se interpelam na busca de organizar o território ocupado com práticas sociais e estratégias de luta oriundas dos interesses distintos dos sujeitos sociais participantes do processo, circunstâncias que perpassam por conflitos de várias dimensões no seu interior.
The study area is located at the southern region of the state of Goiás, municipality of Morrinhos, and is called São Domingos dos Olhos DAgua Settlement. The study assumed that the territory is an area where power and domination structure social and production relations. The study area shows the unequal balance of forces fighting for dominance and appropriation of space through political and economic control. The conquest of a land fraction is a triumph in the struggle for land. It enables the process of territorialization of the struggle itself. This process is understood in its most general character as the fight against expropriation and exploitation of capitalist development. This is a case study and due to the fact that it was carried out in a municipality where there is no similar work to that proposed here, this research was classified as exploratory. However, it is also a descriptive research because it presents features similar to other studies that also fall under this denomination. Overall, 72 field interviews were performed. In addition, CPT collection, INCRA reports and proceedings of entities linked to PA were searched in order to better understand the power relations related to the occupation of the territory in the context of land reform at local level. The research revealed that there are opposing forces in the process of occupation and territorialization of rural areas, which makes it an area where actions are conflicting and apparently, public policies implemented in recent decades were only palliative, because as reported in this study, land reform in Brazil does not provide beneficiaries with tools and conditions for alternative production in relation to the current capitalist model. It was also evidenced that the settlement is a complex social space marked by political disputes where groups interpellate, seeking to organize the occupied territory through social practices and struggle strategies coming from different interests of social actors participating in the process, circumstances that last through conflicts of various dimensions.

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Costello, Diane Ingrid. "A substantive examination of rural community resilience and transition - A social justice perspective of a civil society." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2360.

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It is well established that rural regional Australians have borne the brunt of globalization in terms of the adverse impacts caused by social and economic restructuring resulting from global, national and local forces. In response governments and communities have embraced sustainability and civil society for promoting local community action and responsibility for social, economic and environmental issues. This research focuses on community narratives about the social change processes as they engage the forces of neo-liberal policies. Applying a qualitative, grounded theoretical approach to data collection and analysis this study also adopts a multi-perspective, multi-disciplinary framework to gain more holistic, contextual understandings of community functioning and change. In echoing the principles of community psychology, the foundational, multidisciplinary concepts of sense of community, social capital, civil society, empowerment and conscientization have informed understandings of this communitys process and outcome towards transformational change. This study offers a critical reflection of transformational change in an effort to promote more peaceful, collaborate relationships between dominant and oppressed groups in expanding our understandings and solutions for community change. Identified by Newbrough (1992, 1995) as the Third Force Position, the ideals of political community are visibly expressed as they attempt to pursue transformational change towards a just and sustainable future for the community. However, while civil society has made a positive contribution, also apparent are the processes and outcomes which affect those most vulnerable. Those most powerless continue to suffer from exclusion, marginalization and as a result are denied access to vital resources to meet their needs.

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48

Engel, Werner. "A (in)sustentabilidade em pequenas propriedades rurais: o caso de seis municípios localizados no extremo oeste paranaense." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2012. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2301.

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The objective of this research was to analyse and to identify the agricultural sector in the cities established in the far west of Paraná State, focusing on small farms, determinants factors of sustainability and the perspectives for the future of these properties. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, interviews that sought to highlight the characteristics of the farmer and his production unit and data about how the producer view his property, and how he perceives this perspectives for the future. The data were the basis of the analysis in the verification of financial, economic, social and environmental (un)sustainability, noting the presence or not of the small landowner in his activities. With the outcome of this case study, it contributes to the knowledge of this portion of the population and the authorities can direct resources and policies to encourage production and income to reduce the rural exodus because it was found unsustainable trends of small farms in the cities studied.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar no setor agropecuário, nos municípios estabelecidos do extremo oeste do Estado do Paraná, com foco nas pequenas propriedades rurais, fatores determinantes da sustentabilidade e as perspectivas para o futuro dessas propriedades. A coleta de dados foi realizada através da aplicação de questionário, entrevistas que buscaram evidenciar as características do produtor rural e sua unidade de produção e dados sobre a forma como o produtor visualiza a sua propriedade, e como percebe as perspectivas do futuro. Os dados foram a base da análise na verificação da (in)sustentabilidade financeira, econômica, social e ambiental, constatando a permanência ou não do pequeno proprietário nas suas atividades. Com o resultado deste estudo de caso, espera-se contribuir para o conhecimento dessa parcela da população e que as autoridades possam direcionar recursos e políticas de incentivo à produção e renda para reduzir o êxodo rural, porque se constataram tendências de insustentabilidade nas pequenas propriedades rurais nos municípios estudados.

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Costello, Diane Ingrid. "A substantive examination of rural community resilience and transition - A social justice perspective of a civil society." Curtin University of Technology, School of Psychology, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17603.

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Abstract:

It is well established that rural regional Australians have borne the brunt of globalization in terms of the adverse impacts caused by social and economic restructuring resulting from global, national and local forces. In response governments and communities have embraced sustainability and civil society for promoting local community action and responsibility for social, economic and environmental issues. This research focuses on community narratives about the social change processes as they engage the forces of neo-liberal policies. Applying a qualitative, grounded theoretical approach to data collection and analysis this study also adopts a multi-perspective, multi-disciplinary framework to gain more holistic, contextual understandings of community functioning and change. In echoing the principles of community psychology, the foundational, multidisciplinary concepts of sense of community, social capital, civil society, empowerment and conscientization have informed understandings of this communitys process and outcome towards transformational change. This study offers a critical reflection of transformational change in an effort to promote more peaceful, collaborate relationships between dominant and oppressed groups in expanding our understandings and solutions for community change. Identified by Newbrough (1992, 1995) as the Third Force Position, the ideals of political community are visibly expressed as they attempt to pursue transformational change towards a just and sustainable future for the community. However, while civil society has made a positive contribution, also apparent are the processes and outcomes which affect those most vulnerable. Those most powerless continue to suffer from exclusion, marginalization and as a result are denied access to vital resources to meet their needs.

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50

Kluwe, Raziéri Berti. "Análise e ações para o desenvolvimento de boiteuxburgo." Florianópolis, SC, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/102886.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção
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Esta dissertação propõe ações para gerar mecanismos que mantenham os moradores da localidade de Boiteuxburgo em suas terras, provendo seu sustento de forma digna. A iniciativa para a sua viabilização partiu do convite para visitar a localidade, feito por uma proprietária local, que manifestava preocupação relacionada ao êxodo rural na região. O trabalho apresenta um delineamento da realidade sócio-econômica da localidade de Boiteuxburgo, pertencente ao município de Major Gercino-SC, distante 180 km de Florianópolis. A partir de um estudo de caso composto por diagnóstico, entrevistas e participação em eventos locais; foram desenvolvidas análises dos dados levantados e constatou-se a existência de uma forte diminuição da população, gerada pelo êxodo decorrente da falta de integração, mobilização e cooperação locais, agravados pelos baixos índices de escolaridade e falta de oportunidades locais. Percebeu-se também que a população, ou é jovem e com pouco estudo, ou idosa, e a maioria das famílias trabalha com a agricultura de subsistência e em propriedades cedidas. Apresentam-se sugestões de ações para fomentar o desenvolvimento local, como: associações de produtores rurais, cooperativas, assistência técnica obtida junto a órgãos públicos competentes, parcerias, programas de incentivo à reintegração do jovem ao campo, formação de lideranças rurais, instalação de casa familiar rural, em regime de alternância. Desta forma, este trabalho contribuiu para a identificação de necessidades da localidade, a serem atendidas para a real efetivação de um crescimento sustentável dos moradores e seus familiares, definindo ações estratégicas que, se implementadas, alavancariam o desenvolvimento local.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rural and regional economics'

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