Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rural

Academic literature on the topic 'Rural'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Rural":

1

Renard, Jean. "Commission de géographie rurale (Rural geography)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 73, no. 3 (1996): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1996.1912.

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Budiarto, Tri, Ernan Rustiadi, and Arya Hadi Dharmawan. "THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND RURAL SELF-SUFFIENCY IN BOGOR DISTRICT, WEST JAVA PROVINCE." TATALOKA 19, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.19.3.230-241.

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This study aimed at map rural typologies based on the status of development and self-sufficiency of the rurals. Status of rural development was built with 11 indicators and status self-sufficient was built with six indicators. The study used secondary data from BPS, wich was PODES 2014 in 434 villages at Bogor district. Primary data was used to support the analysis results with field observations taken at four village representatives typology. The results showed that 187 villages were categorized as developed rurals and 247 villages as undeveloped rurals. Based on self-sufficient status, there were 78 villages categorized as self-sufficient rurals and 356 villages as unself-sufficient rurals. Based on the status of development and self-sufficient, three villages were categorized as typology I (developed and self-suffient rurals), 184 villages were typology II (developed and unself-suffient rurals), 172 villages were typology III (undeveloped and unself-sufficient rurals), and 75 villages were typology IV (undeveloped and self-sufficient rurals). Spearman correlation value was -0.371, there was an inverse relationship between the development status and self-sufficiency status of the rural
3

GOULART, Lívia Mara Lima, Alaine Andrade de MORAIS, and Nilton VIEIRA JR. "Tempo de permanência no transporte escolar sobre o desempenho estudantil." INTERRITÓRIOS 5, no. 9 (December 9, 2019): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.33052/inter.v5i9.243594.

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RESUMONas comunidades rurais, o transporte escolar é fundamental no acesso à unidade de ensino, porém o tempo que os estudantes permanecem no veículo até as escolas acaba sendo muito longo, o que acarreta no cansaço e desgaste dos alunos e, consequentemente, influencia no seu rendimento escolar. Um exemplo desta situação acontece no Instituto Federal de Roraima/campus Novo Paraíso, localizado na zona rural de Caracaraí-RR, onde o tempo de deslocamento até a escola é maior que o recomendado e o desempenho dos alunos no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio nos últimos dois anos foi abaixo da média nacional. Para minimizar esse problema, é necessário, além de um melhor planejamento das rotas do transporte rural, políticas públicas para melhorar as vias rurais e um plano pedagógico de ensino que seja mais atrativo e retrate a realidade dos alunos do campo. Transporte escolar rural. Desempenho escolar. Tempo de deslocamento. Time length of stay in school transport on student performance ABSTRACT In rural communities, school transport is essential for access to the teaching unit, but the time students spend in the vehicle until school are very long, which results in tiredness and emotional distress, consequently, influences their school performance. An example of this situation is at the Roraima Federal Institute / Novo Paraíso campus, located in rural Caracaraí-RR, where the travel time to school is longer than recommended and student performance in the National High School Exam in the last two years was below the national average. To minimize this problem, better planning of rural transport routes, public policies to improve rural roads and a more attractive pedagogical teaching plan that reflects the reality of rural students are needed. Rural school transportation. School performance. Travel time. La durata della permanenza nel trasporto scolastico sull reddito scolare degli studenti RIASSUNTO Nelle comunità rurali, il trasporto scolastico è essenziale per l'accesso all'unità didattica, ma il tempo che gli studenti trascorrono nel veicolo fino a quando la scuola finisce per essere molto lungo, il che si traduce in stanchezza degli studenti e, di conseguenza, influenza nel loto reddito scolare. Ne è un esempio l'Istituto Federale di Roraima / Novo Paraíso, nel campus rurale di CaracaraíRR, dove il tempo di percorrenza è più lungo di quanto raccomandato e la performance degli studenti al Exame Nazionale de le Superiori negli ultimi due anni era inferiore alla media nazionale. Al fine di ridurre al minimo questo problema, è necessario, oltre a una migliore pianificazione delle rotte di trasporto rurale, politiche pubbliche per migliorare le strade rurali e un piano di insegnamento che sia più attraente e rappresenti la realtà degli studenti rurali. Trasporto Scolastico Rurale, Rendimento Scolastico, Tempo di Percorrenza. Duración de la estadía en el transporte escolar por el desempeño del estudiante RESUMEN En las comunidades rurales, el transporte escolar es fundamental en el acceso a unidad de enseñanza pero el tiempo que los estudiantes pasan en el vehículo incluso las escuelas terminan siendo muy largas, lo que provoca cansancio y desgaste en consecuencia influye en su rendimiento escolar. Uno ejemplo de esta situación ocurre en el Instituto Federal de Roraima / campus Novo Paraíso, ubicado en la zona rural de Caracaraí-RR, donde el tiempo de viajar a la escuela es más alto de lo recomendado y el desempeño de los estudiantes en el examen nacional de la escuela secundaria en los últimos dos años han estado por debajo del promedio nacional. Para minimizar este problema, es necesario, además de un mejor planificación de rutas de transporte rural, políticas públicas para mejorar caminos rurales y un plan de enseñanza más atractivo y retrata la realidad de los estudiantes de campo. Autobús escolar rural. Rendimiento escolar. Tiempo de viaje.
4

Barmon, Dr Ratan, and Dipanjan Chakraborty. "Rural Entrepreneurship-One Key to Rural Revitalisation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2013/23.

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5

Wang, Dong Qiang, and Shu Qin Tian. "Rural Ecology Governance Ability Modernization Study under the Background of Balancing Urban and Rural Development." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 2568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.2568.

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In the process of current market economic development, we must play the role of government in the rural environmental protection, correctly handle the relationship between government and market and rely on the ability of rual ecology governance to solve the plight of the rural ecology environment fundamentally. Based on domestic and foreign review of the research in this paper, the paper pointed out the plight of rual ecology governance from the perspective of governance concept, governance system, governance power and responsibility and put forward a series of suggestions,such as: improving target cohesion ability, innovating rural ecology development model; improving contingency ability to perfect the rural ecology system constraints; improving rual resource integration ability to perfect the investment system of rural ecology construction funds; improving the rural ecology control ability to perfect countermeasures of rural ecology governance system.
6

Tang, Boyan. "A Study on Harmonious Rural Tourism Environment Under the Construction of the Socialism New Rural." E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 02051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123502051.

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Rural environment is the base for the development of rural tourism. At the construction of socialism new rural, the rural tourism environment has been turned to a radical change. The paper analysed from the meaning and the composing of ruroal tourism environment, applyed to discuss the changes and the characcteristics of harmonious rural tourism environment under the construction of socialism new rural, and wish to advance the development of harmonious rural tourism.
7

BERLAN-DARQUE, MARTINE, and PHILIPPE COLLOMB. "RURAL POPULATION - RURAL VITALITY." Sociologia Ruralis 31, no. 4 (December 1991): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1991.tb00905.x.

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8

Prakash, DR N. R. Mohan, and M. Kethan. "Going Rural – A Glimpse of Rural Marketing Mix." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-2 (February 28, 2018): 689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd9485.

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LI, Yurui, Guijiang CHANG, Lizhe CAO, and Hualou LONG. "Rural elite and rural development." Progress in Geography 39, no. 10 (2020): 1632–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.10.003.

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10

Roche, Michael. "Rural geography: searching rural geographies." Progress in Human Geography 26, no. 6 (December 2002): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0309132502ph406oa.

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More sources
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Rural' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rural":

1

Bodiguel, Luc. "L'entreprise rurale : entre activites economiques et territoire rural." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT4015.

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A l'origine caracterisee par sa fonction alimentaire, l'exploitation agricole a ete progressivement investie d'une mission d'occupation et de protection des zones rurales sur lesquelles elle est localisee. Desormais, elle constitue non seulement une unite de production mais aussi une unite economique d'occupation du territoire rural, definie par l'exercice d'activites economiques diversifiees indetachables du territoire rural sur lequel elles sont realisees. Est-il possible d'en conclure que l'entreprise agricole devient une entreprise rurale, qualifiee non plus en fonction de la nature juridique des activites qu'elle effectue mais de sa localisation geographique rurale ? la reponse necessite une analyse de l'evolution du droit applicable aux entreprises agricoles : le droit rural. Or, cedroit est soumis a des influences complexes qui ont des effets contraires quant a l'emergence d'un concept d'entreprise rurale. Le regime juridique agricole et les sources du droit rural sont balayes par un mouvement general d'harmonisation des branches du droit economique prive. Ce processus portant directement atteinte a la specificite juridique agricole, l'interet et l'eventualite d'une mutation de l'entreprise agricole en entreprise rurale s'averent limites. Cependant, du fait de l'evolution des activites agricoles et des dispositifs agricoles de developpement rural, la localisation rurale devient un element de qualification des entreprises agricoles. Ce mouvement interne de territorialisation du droit rural est a l'origine d'un embryon d'entreprise rurale : l'entreprise agricole aux fonctions rurales. Seul l'avenir legislatif permettra de verifier si la logique territoriale survit a la logique d'harmonisation.
2

Bodiguel, Luc Hudault Joseph. "L'entreprise rurale : entre activités économiques et territoire rural /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38876227b.

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3

White-Davison, Patricia A. M. "Rural Views: Schooling in Rural/Remote Communities." Thesis, Griffith University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367842.

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This study is based on data collected for a large project that investigated social literacies and various aspects of the literacy culture of members of three rural communities in Queensland. This study draws on ideas from current critical literacy theory and research and post-structural writings. It reports a distinctive set of observations which aim to contribute to social and educational knowledge in respect of centre-margin relationships, literacy-empowerment relationships, the changing socio-economic and political landscape in rural Australia, and the need for a new conceptual landscape to define the foundations of a 'postprogressive pedagogy'. This study delineates some of the distinctive features of rural communities, and investigates the connections that people construct between schooling and economic change and the future, and between literacy and schooling and various aspects of the culture of the community. It interprets how schooling and literacy are socially constructed by members of the rural communities studied. One hundred and fifty-eight residents of three rural/remote communities were interviewed and their responses recorded and analysed. The residents represented the full range of ages and occupations. A selection of data from these interviews is taken for this study, based on themes and issues emerging from the data. A theoretical and empirical framework for the study is provided by reviewing current literature on rurality and rural living, on communities and schooling and cultural practices; literature on qualitative research methodology, specifically ethnomethodology, methods of interview analysis and the application of these methods, is also reviewed. Ethnomethodology is used for this study and the specific analytic procedures of Membership Categorisation Analysis. This specific type of qualitative research methodology is chosen because of its power to take the everyday conversations of community members and, through analytical procedures, to make explicit in those members accounts the interaction of their experiences with the organisational and social forces (the social realities) which permeate their relationships with one another and with the context of the community where they live, work and recreate. This study makes use of recent systematic procedures developed for interrogating interview data. It adds to the research literature on ideologies of family and community literacies and social practices in Australian rural communities. The study provides information relevant to rural development planners, and education policy developers and curriculum writers, for the purpose of enhancing schooling for rural students and better understanding of rural lifestyles. This study's focus on rural communities has highlighted the complexities and diversities of the rural communities that are studied. The different approaches and debates about 'defining rural' must continue, and researchers must avoid promoting a unidimensional category of 'rural'. The changing and developing nature of the rural communities has also been prominent in this study. The implications of these complexities and changes are that rural communities should be studied regularly so that the effects of the changes can be traced and documented. There is a varied set of understandings among rural dwellers about education. For some, education is bringing knowledge and skills to life in the rural location and enabling residents to avail themselves of the urban offerings that may enhance their occupations and leisure activities thus utilising the benefits of two cultures to their best advantage. For others, there are the expectations that education will enable them to move away from the rural areas, to go to the city, to take up other careers, to lead a different lifestyle. Hypotheses and generalisations that express negative approaches to rural cultures and to rural education must be reduced and the positive aspects promoted. Any centre-margin discourse must be scrutinised for its relevance and the feasibility of the assumptions on which it is based. Education policy developers, social researchers and rural policy planners need to re-evaluate the philosophical premises on which the current concept of success is based: success for the individual school student, success for education and schooling, and success in adult life. A number of recommendations are developed in an attempt to make a vision of excellence in rural education a central part of rural agenda. Curriculum in rural schools needs to be matched to rural resources and rural occupations and lifestyles, and to encourage enterprise. While education remains a centralised provision, it needs to provide a context for training in the communication skills that shape rural people's views of their communities. Rural secondary students may be disadvantaged by not having access to a wide range of curriculum offerings, and at tertiary level by inequities (mostly financial) of access, but technology could be used to assist in broadening the range of offerings at secondary level, and library resources across the country could be better utilised. Social and education research could benefit from further studies using this methodology, for example, studies in mining communities, rural ethnic communities, rural tourist communities.
Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Cognition, Language and Special Education
Arts, Education and Law
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Sinha, Ranjit. "Rural leadership, Panchayat raj and rural development." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/318.

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Hays, Michael. "Rural settlements the rehabilitation of the rural landscape /." This title; PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2008. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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Janvry, Alain de, and Elisabeth Sadoulet. "Pobreza rural y programas diferenciados de desarrollo rural." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117132.

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Shuman, Aaron. "Rural High School Principals: Leadership in Rural Education." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/71544.

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Educational Administration
Ed.D.
Educational leadership has been the focus of many studies; however, leadership does not occur in a vacuum. Understanding the context in which it occurs will in turn help to explain the phenomenon itself. Rural communities in the United States have many differences when compared to urban and suburban areas. Twenty-eight percent of schools in the United States are rural, and within those rural districts seven million students attend schools (Sherwood, 2001). Even with the large number of rural schools, there are significant deficiencies in rural research, including available raw data (Sherwood & Arnold, 2001, 2004). Moreover, when research is done, the rural context is almost always seen as a limitation (Howley & Howley, 1999). Many times research that is conducted in urban and suburban settings is generalized to the rural setting. Ethical educational leadership is drawing increased attention in research. The bulk of ethical decision-making research has focused on administrators in urban and suburban settings. The rural context is silent when one looks to ethical leadership work. This study explores four rural high school principals' perceptions of how the rural context influences their ethical leadership, career aspirations and advancement opportunities. This study also explores the principals' perceptions about their personal history and their gender to determine whether either has been a hindrance or a help to their leadership in the rural context. A case study methodology was utilized while conducting this study. Over a twelve month period; 18 site visits were conducted at four rural high schools in central Pennsylvania. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted along with eight days of shadowing to explore the respondents' perceptions on leading in the rural context. The findings indicate that the respondents of this study did perceive differences in the rural context as compared to urban and suburban areas. Those differences were perceived by the respondents to have an impact on their work as educational leaders. This study suggests that the principals' personal histories impact their leadership within the rural context. All of the respondents lead in districts where they once attended school. This phenomenon strengthened the impact of social reproduction as the principals struggled to maintain a way of life that they valued, while competing with the ideals of the educational institution. The principals maintained programs with a focus on local interests such as logging, shop programs, fish farming and agriculture education. They did this with limited resources and at the expense of offering other programs. Students entering these programs often ended their formal education with high school. They entered the local economy and reproduced their parents' class position in the wider society. The principals' ties to their communities impacted their expectations for students in their schools. This study suggests that the rural context impacts opportunities for advancement. While opportunities for advancement were perceived to be present, they often required principals to move their families due to geographic distance. None of the respondents were willing to relocate to take advantage of opportunities. Gender barriers were rampant within the rural context. The two female principals had experienced gender discrimination. The two male candidates acknowledged gender barriers in their districts. All the respondents affirmed that the stereotype for a high school principal in their respective districts was a male. The principals used multiple paradigms when solving difficult ethical decisions, and their personal history influenced the paradigms they used most frequently. The respondents all used the ethic of care and critique more than the ethics of justice and the profession. Critical life incidents shared by the principals were from a caring or critical perspective and tied to the paradigms they used most frequently. Competing values about the educational mission of the school, the purpose of school and social mobility of students were found to impact leadership.
Temple University--Theses
8

Hughes, Rosie J. "Performing the rural : practicing rural space through cars." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8358/.

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The British notion of ‘rural’ concerns this thesis. How is it produced? How does it endure? What geographical scale does it manifest at? What do (re)productions of rural entail in practice? Beginning with the recognition that British rurality is both discursive and geographically locatable (Cloke, 2000), but, in practice, these notions are not mutually exclusive (Halfacree, 2006), the thesis seeks to fundamentally re-theorise how rural (space) is (re)produced. Realising the Research opens the thesis, establishing that the car offers a complex material lens through which the empirical research can ensue. Then, Read/Reworked comprehensively layers several theoretical influences to developing Halfacree’s (2006) triad for rural space. The theoretical foundation for the thesis positions the phenomenological body as the pivotal framing for subjective engagements with rural space, drawing on Merleau-Ponty (1958) and Ingold’s (1993; 2001) notion of ‘taskscape’, but also utilising Schatzkian (1996; 2001; 2002) Practice Theory to unpack how subjective performances can manifest through driving (and other) practices. Following the theoretical framing, Rudiments and Routines illustrates how the research was methodologically conducted. The thesis’ empirical discussion is presented in four chapters: Road demonstrates the import road spaces have in shaping rural engagement; Rhythm asserts that temporality is pivotal in the production of rural space through driving practices; Re/View tackles the visual primacy of dominant discourses of rurality by emphasising the embodied rendering of seeing that manifests in practice; but, Ride focuses wholly on drawing out the embodied negotiation of car and countryside in practice, offering in-depth insight into how rural space nuances performances in practice. Each of the empirical chapters illuminates how subjective rural spaces endure through discursive, material and embodied relationality. Thus, in the final chapter, Rural, the presentation of the thesis triad is the culmination of the thesis, where rural space is positioned as (re)produced through social practices.
9

Corrêa, Bernardo Ramos Simões. "Aquaponia rural." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32828.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural, 2018.
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A aquaponia é um meio de produção agroecológica que agrega as atividades aquícolas e hidropônicas de maneira sinérgica e promove o reuso da água. Além de estar em constante desenvolvimento, assume papel de promotora da produção sustentável, da segurança alimentar e nutricional, assim como, da conservação dos recursos hídricos. Modelos de agroecossistemas que auxiliam no desenvolvimento rural sustentável devem ser difundidos aos agricultores que necessitam de novos métodos produtivos para constituírem renda e se sustentarem. A partir da concepção e implantação de um sistema aquapônico que utiliza tecnologias sociais, visando às produções piscícolas, vegetal e do monitoramento da qualidade da água no sistema, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o crescimento animal e vegetal e da qualidade da água em sistema aquapônico de escala comercial situado no Distrito Federal, durante um período de 45 dias, entre Janeiro e Fevereiro de 2018. Para produção piscícola foi realizada biometria inicial e cada um dos seis tanques de peixes do sistema, de aproximadamente 10m³ de volume, foram povoados com 150 animais, com peso médio (p) de 337,76g, comprimento total (ct) de 26,96cm, comprimento padrão (cp) de 21,75cm e altura do dorso (ad) de 9,15cm e receberam duas alimentações diárias, totalizando 2% do peso vivo/tanque/dia. Para análise do crescimento, forma coletados os mesmos parâmetros em biometria final, após os 45 dias, e comparado os resultados iniciais e finais. Para alimentação foi utilizada ração comercial, de 5mm de granulometria e teor de proteína de 32%. Para a produção vegetal foram utilizadas sementes peletizadas de variedades de alfaces baby leaf, Itaúna Friseé e Atalaia Friseé, cultivadas em espumas fenólicas e isopor, em sistema de flutuação na densidade de 250plantas/m². Foram analisadas a taxa de vigor, no sétimo dia, e a produtividade das plantas ao final do experimento, através dos parâmetros de tamanho de raiz, peso da cabeça, diâmetro e altura da cabeça e número de folhas, além de comparado o crescimento entre as variedades. Para qualidade de água foram coletadas amostras a cada 3 dias em seis elementos do sistema aquapônico, na água da entrada, nos tanques de peixes, após o tratamento biológico, no tanque de transferência de solução nutritiva, na produção vegetal e na água de saída, sendo medidos e analisados os parâmetros de temperatura, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, amônia e nitrito. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados ao longo do período do experimento e os resultados das médias foram comparados com as recomendadas pela literatura, representando a qualidade da água no sistema. Os peixes apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas, através do teste t Student pareado, para todos os parâmetros (p = 548,52g; ct = 31,36cm; cp = 25,32cm; ad = 10,85cm) demonstrando crescimento ao longo do experimento. As variedades de alfaces apresentaram crescimento e tiveram diferenças estatísticas significativas em todos os parâmetros analisados a partir do teste t Student pareado, sendo que a variedade Atalaia Friseé apresentou resultados para os parâmetros de comprimento de raiz (cr), altura de cabeça (ac) e diâmetro de cabeça (dc) (cr = 31,81cm; ac = 11,58cm; dc = 11,93cm), maiores de média que de Itaúna Friseé (cr = 22,47cm; ac = 9,84; dc = 10,24cm). Para os parâmetros de peso da cabeça (pc) e número de folhas (nf), Itaúna Friseé (pc = 18,45g; nf = 10,67) apresentou maiores valores de médias que Atalaia (pc = 16,45g; nf = 8,06). A qualidade da água do sistema apresentou resultados compatíveis, em todos os parâmetros, para sistemas aquapônicos em recirculação. O estudo demonstrou que o sistema em tela pode ser disponibilizado como tecnologia social, produzindo peixes e vegetais integrados, diminuindo a utilização de água e evitando despejo de efluentes nos corpos hídricos.
Aquaponics is a means of agroecological production that aggregates aquaculture and hydroponic activities in a seric way and promotes the reuse of water. In addition, the role of promoting sustainable production, food and nutritional security, and the conservation of water resources. Agroecosystems models that support rural development should be disseminated to farmers who need new productive methods to become and sustain themselves. From the choice of an aquatic system, which may have been used for the treatment of plants, fish farming, plant and water quality monitoring system in the system, the animal process is the growth and quality of water in the aquaponic system of commercial scale located in the Federal District, during a period of 45 days, in January and February 2018. For the production of fish culture was carried out the initial biometrics and each of the six fish tanks of the system, of approximately 10m³ of volume, were populated with 150 average weight (w) of 337.76g, total length (tl) of 26.96cm, standard length (sl) of 21.75cm and height of the back (hb) of 9,15cm and two daily feeds, totaling 2% of live weight / tank / day. For analysis of growth, the new parameters in final biometrics, after 45 days, and the results of the initial and final results. Commercial feed, 5mm particle size and 32% protein content were used for feed. For vegetable production, pelleted seeds of baby leaf lettuce, Itaúna Friseé and Atalaia Frizeé, were cultivated in phenolic and styrofoam foams, in a flotation system in the density of 250 plants/m². The vigor rate, on the seventh day, and the plant productivity at the end of the experiment were analyzed through the parameters of root size, head weight, head diameter and head height and number of leaves, as well as the growth between the varieties. For water quality, samples were collected every 3 days in six elements of the aquaponic system, in the entrance water, in the fish tanks, after the biological treatment, in the transfer tank of nutrient solution, in the vegetal production and in the exit water, the parameters of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia and nitrite were measured and analyzed. The results obtained were analyzed over the period of the experiment and the results of the averages were compared with those recommended in the literature, representing the water quality in the system. The fish presented significant statistical differences, through the paired Student t test, for all parameters (w = 548.52g; tl = 31.36cm; sl = 25.32cm; hb = 10.85cm), showing growth throughout the experiment. The lettuce varieties presented growth and had statistically significant differences in all parameters analyzed from the paired Student t test, and the Atalaia Friseé variety presented results for the parameters of root length (rl), head height (hl) and head diameter (hd) (rl = 31.81cm; hl = 11.58cm; hd = 11.93cm), higher than that of Itaúna Frizeé (c = 22.47cm; hl = 9.84; hd = 10.24cm). For the parameters of head weight (hw) and leaf number (ln), Itaúna Friseé (hw = 18.45g; ln = 10.67) had higher mean values than Atalaia (hw = 16,45g; ln = 8,06). The water quality of the system presented compatible results in all parameters for aquaponic systems in recirculation. The study demonstrated that the on-screen system can be made available as social technology, producing integrated fish and vegetables, reducing the use of water and avoiding effluent discharge in water bodies.
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Zanol, Silvia Verona. "Juventude rural." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/122624.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Florianópolis, 2013.
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Essa pesquisa buscou analisar os fatores que definem as escolhas, a implantação e a continuidade dos projetos de empreendedorismo agrícolas e não agrícolas de jovens egressos da instituição não governamental Centro de Desenvolvimento do Jovem Rural - Cedejor. Para realizar esta análise foram abordados conceitos como juventude rural, novas ruralidades, agricultura familiar e projetos juvenis. Utilizou-se técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso, questionário semi estruturado e com análise de conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas. Os dados foram coletados em entrevistas com jovens rurais com idade entre 18 e 29 anos, de ambos os sexos, que realizaram formação para o empreendedorismo no Centro de Desenvolvimento do Jovem Rural, e residem nas cidades de Santa Rosa de Lima, Rio Fortuna e Lauro Müller no Sul de Santa Catarina. Foram realizadas vinte e cinco entrevistas com jovens, e entrevistas complementares com os educadores e alguns familiares. Também foram consultados os dados censitários e análise documental foi realizada. De acordo com os resultados obtidos fatores externos e internos interferem nas escolhas, na implantação e na continuidade dos projetos de empreendedorismo juvenil. Como fatores externos temos, sobretudo, as políticas públicas de acesso ao crédito e à terra e como fatores internos temos, particularmente, as questões relacionadas à família diretamente implicadas na concretização dos projetos juvenis. Em suma, a concretização dos projetos e empreendimento em atividades agrícolas ou não agrícolas são condicionados por estes fatores, com implicações fundamentais na permanência dos jovens no espaço rural. Mas se faz necessário políticas públicas para dinamizar esse espaço e ampliar a atuação do jovem.

Abstract : This research analyzed the factors that define choices, establishment and continuity of agricultural and non-agricultural entrepreneurship projects, young who come from a non-governmental institution. To carry out this analysis were adopted different academic studies on rural youth, new ruralities, family farming and youth projects. Qualitative and quantitative research techniques were applied by means of a study case and content analysis of interviews. It was established an investigation plan which generated a rich material of remarks, interviews and records. Data were collected by interviews with rural youth aged between 18 and 29 years old, both sexes, who performed entrepreneurship training at the Center for Rural Youth Development and live in the cities of Santa Rosa de Lima, Rio Fortuna and Lauro Müller in the south of Santa Catarina State. Twenty-five interviews with young people were performed and complementary interviews were carried out with educators and some family members. Census data were also consulted and documentary analysis was done. According to the results, external and internal factors interfere in choices, in establishment and in continuity of youth entrepreneurship projects. But public policies are required to revitalize rural areas and expand the activities of rural youth.
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Books on the topic "Rural":

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Laband, David N., B. Graeme Lockaby, and Wayne C. Zipperer, eds. Urban-Rural Interfaces. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Crop Science Society of America, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/2012.urban-rural.

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Gobardhan, Behera, and Development Education Centre (South Yorkshire)., eds. Rural links, rural lives. Sheffield: Development Education Centre (South Yorkshire), 1993.

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Australia. Parliament. Senate. Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport References Committee. Rural adjustment, rural debt and rural reconstruction report. [Canberra, ACT: Senate Printing Unit, Parliament House, 1994.

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Kumar, Sinha Ajit. Rural industry and rural industrialisation. Jaipur: Pointer Publishers, 1988.

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Roche, Michael Philip. Rural police and rural youth. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1985.

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Kaushik, P. D. Rural development: Through rural markets. New Delhi: Bazaar Chintan, 2005.

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Dasgupta, Satadal. Rural Canada: Rural sociological perspectives. Lewiston, N.Y: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001.

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Keane, M. J. Rural development and rural tourism. Galway: University College Galway, Social Sciences Research Centre, 1990.

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Islam, M. N. Rural energy and rural development. Reading, England: University of Reading, 1988.

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Balamohandas, V. Rural banks and rural credit. New Delhi: Discovery Pub. House, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rural":

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Yarwood, Richard. "Rural Others, Other Rurals." In Rural Geographies, 174–87. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429448966-20.

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Holloway, Pippa, and Elizabeth Catte. "Rural." In The Routledge History of Queer America, 175–86. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315747347-14.

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Thawnghmung, Ardeth Maung. "Rural." In Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Myanmar, 72–82. New York: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315743677-8.

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Dodge, Martin. "Rural." In Digital Geographies, 36–48. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529793536.n4.

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Keane, Michael. "Rural Tourism and Rural Development." In Tourism and the Environment, 107–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9584-1_6.

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Keane, Michael. "Rural Tourism and Rural Development." In Tourism and the Environment, 43–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2696-0_5.

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Cook, Paul. "Rural Electrification and Rural Development." In Rural Electrification Through Decentralised Off-grid Systems in Developing Countries, 13–38. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4673-5_2.

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Underwood, Robin T. "Divided Rural Roads and Rural Freeways." In The Geometric Design of Roads, 303–17. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15157-8_11.

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Epps, R. "Sustainable Rural Communities and Rural Development." In The GeoJournal Library, 225–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3471-4_12.

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Bonnamour, Jacqueline, and Béatrice Vélard. "Espace rural, aménagement rural, recherche rurale." In Quelles recherches aujourd’hui pour les campagnes de demain ?, 17–34. ENS Éditions, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.enseditions.20518.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rural":

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"Rural regeneration: rural community enterprise counseling and rural goods marketing." In Best Practices and Approaches on Agricultural Extension Modalities. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56669/herk5061.

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Li Jianhua and Jing Yongping. "Rural structure change and rural energy efficiency." In 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5917976.

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Sishi, Zeng, Liu Wangminna, and He Jiaqi. "Rural Revitalization: How to Develop Rural Tourism." In 2020 4th International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200826.127.

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STREIKUS, Dionizas, Algirdas JASINSKAS, Rolandas DOMEIKA, Sigitas ČEKANAUSKAS, Nerijus PEDIŠIUS, Tomas VONŽODAS, and Andres ANNUK. "EVALUATION OF GIANT KNOTWEED AND MISCANTHUS AS PERSPECTIVE ENERGY PLANTS AND ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED BIOFUEL QUALITY INDICATORS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.004.

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Giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis) was chosen as a perspective energy plant because it is not a soil demanding plant and belongs to the most efficient herbs in Central Europe as regards high biomass yield. Miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis) was chosen as a control one. Knotweeds are comparable to wood briquettes and pellets because of their similarparallel mechanical and thermal features. These plants grow in forest environment with an approximate yield productivity of 15 t ha-1 d.b. (dry basis). Experimental research investigations were performed in the laboratories of Aleksandras Stulginskis University. Giant knotweed and miscanthus biomass was cut, chopped, milled and granulated with a small capacity granulator (250–300 kg h-1). Quality parameters of plant preparative and use for energetical objectives were determined. Plant chaff and mill fraction compositions were determined, and quality indicators of the produced pellets were measured – moisture content, density, resistance to compression, elemental composition, ash content and calorific value, also bulk density, fall and natural slope angles. Moisture content reached 7.8 ± 0.8 %; pellet density was 1227.3 ± 48.6 kg m-3. Resistance to compression of giant knotweed pellet was 850 N. Determined ash content was 4.3 ± 0.01 %, and net calorific value of knotweed dry mass was of sufficient height and reached 18.96 ± 0.28 MJ kg-1. Bulk density reached 509.9 kg m-3, natural slope angle was 31.7 0 and fall angle was 49.3 0.
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CÂRDEI, Petru, and Dragoș MANEA. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE HEAT EXCHANGE OF GREENHOUSE AND SOLARIUM SOIL IN THE PLANT ROOT AREA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.001.

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This paper proposes a structural mathematical model of heat exchange into the soil of a solarium. The model investigates the possibility of a rational choice of the cooling water transit time through the pipeline network located in the plant root area. Also, the size of the cooled root area is roughly determined, according to the temperature of the cooling fluid. At the same time, the model provides information on the degree of soil cooling, meaning the ratio between the average soil temperature in the cooled root area and a reference temperature, for example the temperature indicated by a sensor into the soil, at a distance fixed to the root axis. The model considered is a plan one. Geometric is considered a section through the soil, perpendicular to the axis of the pipe carrying the cooling fluid. The soil, the copper pipe and the water are the components of the model. The finite elements for meshing are flat, triangular. This simple model prepares a three-dimensional complex approach and has, as a preparation, a unidimensional model. Obviously, this model provides some start-up indications for achieving the physical model and content of the process parameter set. After its realization, the physical model will be used for the optimal control of the cooling process in the radicular area, but also for the validation and the improvement of the theoretical model.
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KLIMAS, Evaldas, Jolanta LELIŪNIENĖ, and Ligita BALEŽENTIENĖ. "VERNALISATION IMPACT ON BIOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF FESTULOLIUM VARIETIES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.002.

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Many plants, including Festulolium, grown in temperate climates require vernalization and must experience a period of low winter temperature to initiate or accelerate the flowering process. The aim of research was to investigate impact of vernalisation thermoinduction on growth and development parameters of Festulolium varieties ‘Vėtra’ and ‘Punia DS’. Investigations were carried out in Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Horticulture, Plant Physiology Laboratory of phytotron complex in 2011–2012. Some peculiarities of growth and development of. Festulolium varieties ’Vėtra’ and ‘Punia DS’ were investigated. 5 plants were sown in each 5 litre pot in neutral peat substrate (pH 6–6.5). The plants were grown in greenhouse till the tillering phase at the temperature of 20±2 °C at daytime and 16±2 °C at night. Later plants were moved to low temperature chambers for 90, 110 and 130 days for passing of vernalisation processes, where the 8 and 16 hour photoperiod were maintained at 4 °C temperature. After vernalisation periods plants were removed to a greenhouse for additional 20 days. Biometric parameters, namely plant height, shoot number and dry mass were measured after each period in greenhouse and climatic chambers. The data revealed different response of Festulolium varieties ‘Vėtra’ and ‘Punia DS’ to vernalisation conditions. According to our data ‘Vėtra’ plant height was 6 % higher than the ‘Punia DS’ after 130+20 days of vernalisation. Nonetheless, vernalisation temperature conditions have no significant impact on shoot number. 110 and 130 long-day photoperiod significantly impacted on shoot number of Festulolium ʽVėtraʼ. Otherwise, 90 days vernalisation of both photoperiod induced significantly the highest length of ‘Punia DSʼ shoots. ‘Vėtraʼ accumulated significantly the maximum dry matter after 110 days vernalisation period, than that after 90 and 130 days.
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LELIŪNIENĖ, Jolanta, Ligita BALEŽENTIENĖ, and Evaldas KLIMAS. "FESTULOLIUM METABOLITES ACCUMULATION RESPONSE TO PHOTOPERIOD OF FLOWERING TERMOINDUCTION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.003.

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Most of plant development, physiological and metabolic processes are regulated by not only soluble sugars such as glucose and sucrose, but also by other signal molecules, such as phytohormones. The investigation of flowering induction, considering the influence of vernalisation duration and photoperiod on morphogenesis stages and accumulation metabolites in the new Festulolium cultivars ’Vėtra’ and ’Punia’ was carried out at the phytotron complex of the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2011-2012. The data revealed impact of vernalisation and photoperiod on accumulation of both types of assessed metabolies, i.e. phytohormones and saccharides, and thus confirmed their substantial role. 90 short-day vernalisation induced the highest total phytohormone content in ‘Vėtra’, when plant achieved tillering stage and was going for intensive growth when growth regulators will be important in the metabolic regulation. The highest phytohormone content was recorded after long – day 130+20 day vernalization at VII and IV organogenesis stages of ‘Vėtra’ and ʽPuniaʼ respectively. Saccharides content significantly depended on photoperiod and temperature during vernalisation and was different in ’Vėtra’ and ’Punia’.
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DROMANTIENĖ, Rūta, Irena PRANCKIETIENĖ, Gvidas ŠIDLAUSKAS, and Vita SMALSTIENĖ. "THE EFFECT OF MG AND S ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS PRODUCTS AND NITROGEN CONTENT IN WINTER WHEAT." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.005.

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In 2013 and 2014, field experiments involving winter wheat were conducted at Aleksandras Stulginskis University’s Experimental Station on a medium-textured Cal(ca)ri-Epihypogleyic Luvisol. N150P90K120 were applied as the main fertilizers. Additionally, a foliar fertilizer including amide nitrogen, sulphur and magnesium (MgO concentrations ranging from 0.25 % to 2.5 %), (further referred to as magnesium fertilizer), was sprayed at the tillering and booting stages of winter wheat. It was found that magnesium fertilizer foliar-applied at the end of tillering and booting stages tended to increase chlorophyll a and b contents in winter wheat leaves. Chlorophyll a content in leaves significantly increased when the solution with 2.5 % concentration of magnesium had been applied at tillering and when 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 % concentrations of the solution had been applied at booting stages. Chlorophyll b content in winter wheat leaves was significantly affected by the solutions with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 % magnesium concentrations at tillering and by the solutions with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 % magnesium concentrations at booting stages. The highest increase in dry matter content was recorded when 2.5 % MgO solution had been applied at booting stage. A statistically significant correlation was established between the MgO concentrations applied at tillering (r = 0.905*) and booting (r = 0.863*) stages and nitrogen content in winter wheat dry matter.
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SKORYKH, Larisa, Vitaly GRINCHENKO, Michael AFANASYEV, and Nina KONIK. "THE INFLUENCE OF BIOPHYSICAL FACTORS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD OF SHEEPS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.007.

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As the livestock industry, sheep breeding takes the third place in the world, this is one of the most extensive types of agriculture. Currently, the main attention in the sheep breeding is directed to increasing in meat productivity and improving the quality of products. The important technique that contributes to the increase and improvement of the quality of livestock production is the use of laser radiation. The article presents the results of research directed to studying of influence of low-intensity laser radiation on the organism of young sheep. The area of impact of laser radiation on the animal organism is defined. The positive influence of laser radiation on the growth and development of young sheep and their immune reactivity is established. The revealed regularity is confirmed by the bigger size of the live weight, increased energy of growth in all studied periods of ontogenetic development, the more developed factors of natural protection at the experimental animals. The effectiveness of the directed impact of laser puncture on the organism of young sheep has been proved to improve meat productivity and resistance. The developed method of laser puncture can be used to increase the meat productivity, safety and resistance of young sheep.
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CZYŻEWSKI, Bazyli, Sebastian STĘPIEŃ, and Jan POLCYN. "PAYMENTS FOR PUBLIC GOODS UNDER THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY VERSUS MARKET FAILURES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.008.

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In the reality of the marketplace, a situation often arises where an economic surplus (rent) achieved by agricultural producers is partly taken over by related non-agricultural sectors. In this sense the category of economic rent embraces market failures related to such factors as price flexibility, and thus represents an effect of the misallocation of resources in the agricultural sector. The question therefore arises of whether there exists a developmental model of agriculture in which such market failures would be reduced. Apparently the only coherent response to this need is action taken under the paradigm of sustainable agriculture. This type of model for the sector’s functioning is supported by the objectives of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including through support for the supply of public goods in rural areas. This article addresses the question of whether CAP payments for public goods are a desirable systemic solution serving to reduce market failures. It is hypothesised that the financing of activity relating to the supply of public goods lessens the negative impact of the “market treadmill”, since it reduces the unexpected outflows of economic surplus away from farms, caused by agricultural prices. To verify the hypothesis, a panel regression analysis was performed on three sets: the EU-15 countries, the EU-12 countries, and – within Poland – subsectors of farms from six standard output classes. The analysis covered the years 2004–2012. The results of the computations provided confirmation of the hypothesis. It may be stated that an increase in the level of payments for public goods, as a percentage of total subsidies to agriculture, leads on average to a reduction in the drainage of economic rents through prices. It was also found that the financing of public goods under the CAP is more effective in reducing market failures in the EU-15 countries than in the EU-12.

Reports on the topic "Rural":

1

O'Hare, William. Rural children - rural communities. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.118.

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2

Scala, Dante, and Kenneth Johnson. Red Rural, Blue Rural; Rural Does Not Always Equal Republican. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.240.

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3

Owens, Kathleen, and James F. Bates. Rural Health. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423007.

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4

Mollet, Daniel. Rural Water. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1001.

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Bock, Bettina B. Rural Futures : Inclusive rural development in times of urbanisation. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/465253.

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Corral, Leonardo, and Giulia Zane. Chimborazo Rural Investment Project: Rural Roads Component Impact Evaluation. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003046.

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Abstract:
This paper evaluates the impact of rural roads improvement works to benefit indigenous communities in the highlands of Ecuador, largely dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. The findings suggest that the program had a positive impact on health and that it increased enrollment in secondary education. We find no evidence that treated households increased their investment in plot improvements and agricultural inputs. However, household members are more likely to report self-employment in agriculture as their main occupation. The effect on agricultural output and sales was positive but not statistically significant. Finally, there is no evidence that the program had any positive effect on overall household income, female empowerment and food security.
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Muñoz, Gonzalo, Carlos E. Ludeña, Alvaro Garcia, Pedro Martel, and Carlos Sammarco. Paraguay: Desarrollo rural. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000149.

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Asad, Fatima, Fozia Nur, Julia Morris, and Julia Bobiak. Report: Defining Rural. Spatial Determinants of Health Lab, Carleton University, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/sdhlab/2021.3.

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Orgera, Kendal, Siena Senn, and Atul Grover. Rethinking Rural Health. Association of American Medical Colleges, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15766/rai_xmxk6320.

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Kyburz, María Eugenia, César Falconi, José Rente Nascimento, Nicolás Mateo, Alejandra Palma, Mark D. Wenner, Rocío González, and Peter Pfaumann. Informe rural 2006. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005798.

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Abstract:
Esta edición del Informe Rural contiene siete artículos: La influenza aviar y el sector avícola de América Latina, Biocombustibles y oportunidades para el desarrollo rural, Enfoques sectoriales amplios en desarrollo rural: ¿instrumento viable para mejorar el impacto de la cooperación internacional?, Financiamiento de las cadenas agroalimentarias de valor, Cómo mejorar el clima para los negocios forestales, Avances en el Fondo Regional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (FONTAGRO) y Financiamiento rural del BID en 2006.

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