Relevant bibliographies by topics / Run-off road crashes

Academic literature on the topic 'Run-off road crashes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Run-off road crashes"

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Burdett, Beau, Andrea R. Bill, and David A. Noyce. "Evaluation of Roundabout-Related Single-Vehicle Crashes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2637, no. 1 (January 2017): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2637-03.

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Roundabouts reduce fatal and injury crashes at intersections when converted from other intersection control types. In Wisconsin, roundabouts have been linked to a 38% decrease in fatal and injury crashes. Part of this reduction can be attributed to crash types that result in the mitigation of more serious injuries. However, the reduction comes at a cost because other crash types, such as single-vehicle collisions, may increase. Six years of crash data on 53 roundabouts in Wisconsin were examined for crash causes and geometric characteristics that affected single-vehicle crashes. Weather and impaired driving, particularly by younger drivers, were primary causes for more than half of all single-vehicle crashes at the study roundabouts. Younger drivers (18 to 24 years of age) were involved in a significantly higher proportion of single-vehicle crashes than the total proportion of licensed drivers in that age group. Younger drivers were involved in approximately one-third of all crashes that involved impaired driving and in two-thirds of all speed-related single-vehicle crashes. A negative binomial model was constructed to estimate run-off-road crashes at approaches. It was found that roundabouts with higher approach speeds and higher traffic volumes experienced more run-off-road crashes. Landscaped central islands experienced significantly lower frequencies of run-off-road crashes.
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Shawky, Mohamed, Hany M. Hassan, Atef M. Garib, and Hussain A. Al-Harthei. "Examining the factors affecting the severity of run-off-road crashes in Abu Dhabi." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 2016): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0393.

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Recently, the severity of injuries resulting from traffic crashes has been extensively investigated in numerous studies. However, the number of studies that addressed the severity of the run-off-road (ROR) crashes is relatively low. In the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (AD), approximately 22% of the total serious crashes and fatalities that occurred from 2007 to 2013 were ROR crashes. Despite these facts and the uniqueness of the composition of licensed drivers in AD (approximately 87% of them are non-Emiratis), the factors affecting the occurrence and severity of ROR crashes in AD have not been explicitly addressed in any prior studies. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of at-fault drivers involved in ROR crashes in AD, the nature and main causes of those crashes. In this regard, conditional distribution and two-way contingency tables were developed. In addition, this study aims to identify and quantify the factors affecting the severity of ROR crashes such as driver, road, vehicle and environment factors. To achieve this goal, ordered probit model approach was employed. Crash data for a total of 3819 ROR crashes that occurred in AD were employed in the analysis. The results indicated that driver factors (carelessness, speeding, and nationality), vehicle characteristics (vehicle type), and road and environment factors (road type, crash location and road surface condition) were the significant factors influencing the severity of ROR crashes in AD. Countermeasures to improve traffic safety and reduce numbers and severity of ROR crashes in AD were discussed.
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Smith, Erika B., and John N. Ivan. "Evaluation of Safety Benefits and Potential Crash Migration Due to Shoulder Rumble Strip Installation on Connecticut Freeways." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1908, no. 1 (January 2005): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190800113.

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With the encouragement of FHWA, many states are installing shoulder rumble strips to reduce the number of run-off-the-road crashes. In 1996, Connecticut began full-scale installation of shoulder rumble strips on limited-access highways (freeways). This paper describes research aimed at answering three questions about the effectiveness of this project: (a) Do rumble strips reduce single-vehicle, fixed-object crashes? The analysis indicates that installing shoulder rumble strips reduces these crashes by 33%. (b) Do certain roadway factors influence the rate of these crashes with regard to the rumble strip installation locations? In the sections where rumble strips were installed, run-off-the-road crashes were reduced by as much as 48.5% in interchange areas and as little as 12.8% on sections of roadways where the speed limit was less than 65 mph. (c) Is the potential adverse effect of crash migration (from locations with rumble strips to those without) occurring? The roadway factors analyzed and sections of longer routes in Connecticut both indicate increases in run-off-the-road crashes where rumble strips are not placed, even when exposure is controlled. These findings indicate that for rumble strips to be most effective along freeways, consideration should be made for continuous installation both to reduce crashes where they are installed and to avoid increases in crash occurrence where they are not.
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Dissanayake, Sunanda, and Uttara Roy. "Crash Severity Analysis of Single Vehicle Run-off-Road Crashes." Journal of Transportation Technologies 04, no. 01 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jtts.2014.41001.

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Peng, Yiyun, and Linda Ng Boyle. "Commercial Driver Factors in Run-off-Road Crashes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2281, no. 1 (January 2012): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2281-16.

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Albuquerque, Francisco Daniel Benicio de, and Dina Mohammad Awadalla. "Roadside Fixed-Object Collisions, Barrier Performance, and Fatal Injuries in Single-Vehicle, Run-Off-Road Crashes." Safety 6, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety6020027.

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Objectives: To quantify the odds of fatal injuries associated with drivers involved in single-vehicle, run-off-road (SVROR), injury crashes. Methods: An in-service safety evaluation was carried out using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The odds of motorist death was lower for w-beam guardrail crashes as compared to tree, pole, and concrete barrier crashes. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the odds of motorist death in concrete barrier crashes as compared to tree or pole crashes. The odds of motorist death were lower for curbs and collision-free crashes as compared to tree, pole, and barrier crashes. Thus, obstacles should be removed whenever possible and barriers installed only whenever absolutely necessary. The lack of vehicle containment (in barrier crashes) was found: (i) to tend to occur on higher-posted-speed-limit roads and result in a higher percentage of fatal crashes, (ii) to be more prevalent with the less rigid barrier type, and (iii) to result in a consistently higher percentage of fatal crashes under the concrete barrier category. Conclusions: Findings not only support state-of-the-art roadside design guidelines and crash-testing criteria, but they may also be useful in evaluating proposed roadside safety improvements.
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Kutela, Boniphace, Raul E. Avelar, Srinivas R. Geedipally, and Ankit Jhamb. "Prediction of Occurrence and Severity of Run-off-Roadway Crashes on Rural Two-Lane Roadways Using Bayesian Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 3 (December 14, 2021): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211051351.

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Run-off-roadway (ROR) crashes are among the most common crash types on rural two-lane roadways. Current methodologies to predict their occurrence and severity by considering conditional nature and interactions between independent variables require complex mathematical procedures. This study employs Bayesian networks (BNs), a non-functional form graphical model, to determine factors associated with the occurrence and severity of ROR crashes. The study used five-year (2014–2018) crash data collected from 397 randomly selected road segments within Texas. Out of 397 segments, 279 did not experience ROR crashes. The first BN model used all 397 segments and explored factors associated with occurrences of ROR crashes. The second BN model used the remaining 118 segments that involved ROR crashes and focused on factors associated with different crash types (guardrail [GR], overturning [OT], and fixed object [FO] crashes) and their associated severity levels. Study results revealed that the presence of horizontal curves and utility poles within the clear zone on the road individually increased the chance of ROR crashes by about 35%. Moreover, FO crashes resulted in 36% more fatal and injury crashes than GR crashes, which showed the effectiveness of guardrails in reducing severity. This study also explored the combined influence of variables on ROR crash occurrence and severity, as well as the interrelation between several independent variables. The proposed methodology can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of countermeasures.
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Miaou, Shaw-Pin. "Some Limitations of the Models in the Highway Safety Manual to Predict Run-off-Road Crashes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2377, no. 1 (January 2013): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2377-05.

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Crash-prediction models in the current edition of the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) have been developed to predict crash frequency by collision type and severity level for specific types of roadways and sites. Each model is made up of three major components: safety performance functions (SPFs), crash modification factors, and calibration factors. The objective of this study was to identify the limitations of the prediction models in estimating single-vehicle, run-off-road (SVROR) crashes for roadside safety analyses and suggest needed changes and developments. The paper presents a review of the state of the models in HSM and focuses on SPFs. Data from FHWA's safety effects of cross-section design for two-lane roads database were used to gain insight about the characteristics of SVROR crashes and total crashes, and to identify the limitations of the current models in predicting the frequency, type, and severity of SVROR crashes. Three major areas of limitations of SPFs are discussed: (a) assumptions involved in development, (b) variables that are potentially important to roadside design but not considered, and (c) statistical bias and uncertainty of the model equations.
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Zegeer, Charles V., Herman F. Huang, J. Richard Stewart, Ron Pfefer, and Jun Wang. "Effects of a Towaway Reporting Threshold on Crash Analysis Results." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1635, no. 1 (January 1998): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1635-07.

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The effects on future data analysis capabilities and results should states convert to a towaway and above crash-reporting threshold are quantified. The results from the four states used in the analysis (Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and North Carolina) revealed that only 51.7 percent of the crash data would be included using a towaway threshold. Only 33.7 percent would be included using an injury threshold. In general, a towaway threshold would exclude more crashes on urban streets than on rural roads. For most road classes, 40 to 60 percent of crashes would be excluded. A towaway threshold would result in greatly underestimating the occurrence of certain crash types, particularly rear-end, sideswipe, parking, and animal crashes. Run-off-road and angle/turning crashes would also be affected considerably. Using a towaway criterion will seriously affect researchers’ ability to conduct meaningful evaluations of roadside appurtenances, such as guardrail, breakaway signs and poles, crash cushions, and various median treatments. For most vehicle types, only 30 to 60 percent of crashes would be included under a towaway threshold. Technological, institutional, and organizational strategies for improving crash reporting thresholds are suggested.
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Rezapour, Mahdi, Amirarsalan Mehrara Molan, and Khaled Ksaibati. "Application of Multinomial Regression Model to Identify Parameters Impacting Traffic Barrier Crash Severity." Open Transportation Journal 13, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801913010057.

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Background: Run Off The Road (ROTR) crashes are some of the most severe crashes that could occur on roadways. The main countermeasure that can be taken to address this type of crashe is traffic barrier installation. Although ROTR crashes can be mitigated significantly by traffic barriers, still traffic barrier crashes resulted in considerable amount of severe crashes. Besides, the types of traffic barriers, driver actions and performance play an important role in the severity of these crashes. Methods: This study was conducted by incorporating only traffic barrier crashes in Wyoming. Based on the literature review there are unique contributory factors in different crash types. Therefore, in addition to focusing on traffic barrier crashes, crashes were divided into two different highway classes: interstate and non-interstate highways. Results: The result of proportional odds assumption was an indication that multinomial logistic regression model is appropriate for both non-interstate and interstates crashes involved with traffic barriers. The results indicated that road surface conditions, age, driver restraint and negotiating a curve were some of the factors that impact the severity of traffic barrier crashes on non-interstate highways. On the other hand, the results of interstate barrier crashes indicated that besides types of barriers, driver condition, citation record, speed limit compliance were some of the factors that impacted the interstate traffic barrier crash severity. Conclusion: The results of this study would provide the policymakers with the directions to take appropriate countermeasures to alleviate the severity of traffic barrier crashes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Run-off road crashes"

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Alruwaished, Abdullah Faleh. "Characteristics of Drivers Who Cause Run-Off-Road-Crashes on Ohio Roadways." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1406637831.

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Almutairi, Omar Eid. "Characteristics of Injury and Fatality of Run-Off-Road Crashes on Ohio Roadways." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375310572.

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Mattox, Todd Berry. "Evaluation of Roadside Collisions with Utility Poles and Trees at Intersection Locations." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19829.

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The United States averages 40,000 traffic fatalities annually. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Roadside Design Guide cites run-off-the-road crashes as contributing greatly to this statistic, with about one-third of all traffic deaths [1]. This number has remained relatively constant over the past four decades, and despite a major increase in vehicle miles traveled (VMT), the rate of fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles traveled has declined. However, this relatively large number of run-off-the-road crashes should remain a major concern in all roadway design. The Highway Safety Act of 1966 marks a defining moment in the history of roadside safety [ ]. Before this point, roadways were only designed for motorists who remained on the roadway, with no regard for driver error. As there was no legislation or guidelines concerning roadside design, roadways constructed prior to 1966 are littered with fixed objects directly off of the edge of pavement. Fortunately, many of these roads have reached their thirty year design lives and have become candidates for improvement. The following report examines roadside crashes on nine Atlanta urban arterial roadways. Accident type, severity, and location for all crashes on these were evaluated. It is found roadside collisions with utility poles and trees were more prone to occur at intersection locations than midblock locations. Also for the studied roadway corridors, on average, roadside collisions were more likely to result in serious injury or fatality. Based on these findings initial recommendations are offer for improving clear zone requirements.
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Delgado, Isidro. "Modeling Roadside Safety Hazards to Predict Annual Crash Cost to Encroaching Vehicles in Rural Road Networks." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3055.

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Roadside crashes account for a large portion of total fatal crashes that occur annually in the United States. About 30% of those fatalities are the result of single vehicle run-off-road crashes. A large proportion of these fatal crashes occur in rural roads when vehicles depart from the travel lane and collide with trees or other roadside safety hazards. Many of these run-off-road accidents occur in local roads that carry traffic volumes between 1,000 and 20,000 vehicles per day. Many of these roads are part of the jurisdiction of county authorities faced with the dilemma of having too many "potentially dangerous" sites and lacking a methodology for assessing their risk to rank them accordingly; and to apply the limited resources to the ones that will bring the greatest benefit to society. This situation describes the case in Hillsborough County, Florida, in 2004 when they contracted a study with the Transportation Program of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of the University of South Florida. The initial scope was to develop a methodology to assess the potential risk for each of 19 sites in a given list to prioritize further studies. The project was sponsored by the Engineering Division, Public Works Department, of Hillsborough County. The methodology developed considered the roadside safety hazards at each location and it was based on the use of the Road Safety Analysis Program (RSAP) software distributed as part of the 2002 AASHTO's Roadside Design Guide. This dissertation presents a further development of this approach: it continues to use the probabilistic approach built into RSAP to calculate the annual crash cost of each roadside safety hazard at 45 study segments. It then obtains regression models to predict that annual crash cost, as computed by RSAP, based on roadway and traffic characteristics as well as on the nature, location and physical dimensions of the roadside safety hazard. For each study segment, the annual crash cost of each feature (as estimated with the models developed) is added for a final comparison with the RSAP Annual Crash Cost. A coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.80 was obtained. The models developed were finally used to replicate the original 2005 study for Hillsborough County. Although there were minor variations on the risk index originally computed, the ranking of the 19 study sites remained basically the same with a clear cut indication of the sites that should be considered for further engineering studies.
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Mishra, Abhishek. "Analysis of run-off-the-road crashes involving overcorrection a study of fatal traffic crashes in Florida in 200 /." 2006. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152006-223835.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2006.
Advisor: Lisa K. Spainhour, Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Dept. of Civil Engineering. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 25, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 48 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gonzalez, Javier S. "Effects of roadway geometric features on run-off-road crashes on the Florida State Highway System." 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/dissertations/AAI3165153/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida International University, 2004.
Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-119). Also available online via the Florida International University website (http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/).
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Singh, Prashant Spainhour Lisa K. "A study of fatal run off road crashes in the State of Florida a study of fatal traffic crashes in Florida from 1998-2000 /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04122005-041230.

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Thesis (M.S.) Florida State University, 2005.
Advisor: Lisa K. Spainhour, Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Dept. of Civil Engineering. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 105 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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PIANTINI, SIMONE. "In-depth Metropolitan Road Accident Database Development and Accident Analysis." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/868318.

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It is inevitable that the members of our contemporary society must move and interact with road infrastructures and vehicles and this exposes them to the high risk of injuries and fatalities. Road safety recognizes this risk and the safety need for all road users involved in road traffic. Globally, motorcyclists, cyclists and pedestrians are the road users most vulnerable and in high-income countries these types of accidents happened principally in urban areas. The aim of road safety is the elimination of fatal crashes and the reduction of serious injuries through the provision of a safe transport system that takes into account the possibility of human error and the vulnerability of people to serious injury. The approach most commonly employed for this purpose is the study of real-world road accidents, and more in particular, the in-depth investigation of the accidents. Through these investigations it is possible to discover the response of the vehicles and infrastructure to the crash as well as human behaviour and the injury mechanisms. This typology research is strongly recommended by the state-of-the-art of the road accident. The European Union recommends the development of new independent bodies as well as the use of comparable data sets. This is the leading motivation that defines the framework of the present research and the fact that there is a lack of in-depth data on road accidents coming from southern Europe compared to that of northern Europe. Accordingly, the in-depth investigation methodology is defined and the in-depth road accident database is described. Overall, a collection of 80 road accidents which principally occurred in urban areas have been studied. The main injury mechanisms and injury causes by road user types are described. An accident causation factor analysis on pedestrian and powered two-wheel users has been carried out. Finally, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the pedestrian protection system has been performed based on real-world data and a pilot demonstration project has been completed.
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Fitzpatrick, Cole D. "The Effect of Roadside Elements on Driver Behavior and Run-Off-the-Road Crash Severity." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1037.

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Roadside vegetation provides numerous environmental and psychological benefits to drivers. Previous studies have shown that natural landscapes can effectively lower crash rates and cause less stress and frustration to the driver. However, run-off-the-road crashes resulting in a collision with a tree are twice as likely to result in a fatality, thus reinforcing the need to examine the placement of vegetation within the clear zone. This study explores the relationship between the size of the clear zone and the presence of roadside vegetation on selected driver attributes, including both driver speed and lateral positioning. To evaluate the effect on the driver speed selection process, a static evaluation was employed. Completed by more than 100 drivers, the static evaluation was utilized to gather speed selections on both real and virtual roads containing four combinations of clear zone size and roadside vegetation density. Additionally, field data was collected to validate the findings of the static evaluation and to determine the extent to which roadside vegetation impacts driving attributes. When presented with a large clear zone, drivers positioned the vehicle further from the edge of the road as the vegetation density increased. Furthermore, the speeds observed in the field correlated with the speeds that participants selected when watching a video of the same road. Finally, the UMassSafe Traffic Safety Data Warehouse was utilized to link crash and roadway data, allowing for an in-depth analysis of run-off-the-road (ROR) crash severity. The results of this study further demonstrate the nature of the relationship between clear zone design and driver behavior.
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Books on the topic "Run-off road crashes"

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Mak, King K. Identification of vehicular impact conditions associated with serious ran-off-road crashes. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Run-off road crashes"

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Stigson, Helena, Anders Kullgren, and Lars-Erik Andersson. "Rural Road Design According to the Safe System Approach." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 947–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_36.

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AbstractThis chapter covers design of rural roads according to the model for safe traffic used in the Vision Zero approach. Based on expected levels of the safety of vehicles and road users, the roads and the road side furniture should be designed to avoid fatalities and serious injuries. An introduction is presented covering the safe system approach and how speed limits of roads should be set to reflect the safety standard of the road in relation human injury tolerance and the capacity to protect the road users. One section will cover countermeasures to protect vulnerable road users, including speed calming road infrastructure, bicycle and pedestrian paths, bus stops. Another section will cover road infrastructure countermeasures addressing vehicle occupants. It is shown how change of velocity, vehicle mean acceleration, and crash duration are correlated and how they influence occupant injury risk. Design of different types of roads on rural roads is described, such as the two-plus-one lane road design with median barrier, and various ways of separating traffic or preventing run-off road crashes including road barrier design and rumble strips. Safe intersection design is an important part on rural roads that is explained. The last part covers design of the roadside area from a safe system approach.
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Stigson, Helena, Anders Kullgren, and Lars-Erik Andersson. "Rural Road Design According to the Safe System Approach." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_36-1.

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AbstractThis chapter covers design of rural roads according to the model for safe traffic used in the Vision Zero approach. Based on expected levels of the safety of vehicles and road users, the roads and the road side furniture should be designed to avoid fatalities and serious injuries. An introduction is presented covering the safe system approach and how speed limits of roads should be set to reflect the safety standard of the road in relation human injury tolerance and the capacity to protect the road users. One section will cover countermeasures to protect vulnerable road users, including speed calming road infrastructure, bicycle and pedestrian paths, bus stops. Another section will cover road infrastructure countermeasures addressing vehicle occupants. It is shown how change of velocity, vehicle mean acceleration, and crash duration are correlated and how they influence occupant injury risk. Design of different types of roads on rural roads is described, such as the two-plus-one lane road design with median barrier, and various ways of separating traffic or preventing run-off road crashes including road barrier design and rumble strips. Safe intersection design is an important part on rural roads that is explained. The last part covers design of the roadside area from a safe system approach.
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Jalayer, Mohammad, Huaguo Zhou, and Subasish Das. "Exploratory Analysis of Run-Off-Road Crash Patterns." In Data Analytics for Smart Cities, 183–200. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2019]: Auerbach Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429434983-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Run-off road crashes"

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Pape, D. B., V. K. Narendran, M. J. Koenig, J. A. Hadden, J. H. Everson, and D. A. Pomerleau. "Dynamic Vehicle Simulation to Evaluate Countermeasure Systems for Run-Off-Road Crashes." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/960517.

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Amarasingha, Niranga, and Sunanda Dissanayake. "Factors associated with rural run-off-road and urban run-offroad crashes: a study in the United States." In 9th Asia Pacific Conference on Transportation & the Environment. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/apte.2014.14.

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Jameel, Abeer K., Ahmed Al-Bdairi, and Atheer N. Al-Nuaimi. "Improving the geometric characteristics of road infrastructure to reduce the rate of run-off and head-on crashes." In 2021 International Congress of Advanced Technology and Engineering (ICOTEN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoten52080.2021.9493546.

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