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Journal articles on the topic 'Ruminococcus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 November 2024

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1

Chan, W. W., and B. A. Dehority. "Production of Ruminococcus flavefaciens growth inhibitor(s) by Ruminococcus albus." Animal Feed Science and Technology 77, no. 1-2 (February 1999): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(98)00234-x.

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2

Klieve, Athol V., Melvin T. Yokoyama, Robert J. Forster, Diane Ouwerkerk, Peter A. Bain, and Erin L. Mawhinney. "Naturally Occurring DNA Transfer System Associated with Membrane Vesicles in Cellulolytic Ruminococcus spp. of Ruminal Origin." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 8 (August 2005): 4248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.8.4248-4253.2005.

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ABSTRACT A genetic transformation system with similarities to those reported for gram-negative bacteria was found to be associated with membrane vesicles of the ruminal cellulolytic genus Ruminococcus. Double-stranded DNA was recovered from the subcellular particulate fraction of all the cellulolytic ruminococci examined. Electron microscopy revealed that the only particles present resembled membrane vesicles. The likelihood that the DNA was associated with membrane vesicles (also known to contain cellulosomes) was further supported by the adherence of the particles associated with the subcellular DNA to cellulose powder added to culture filtrates. The particle-associated DNA comprised a population of linear molecules ranging in size from <20 kb to 49 kb (Ruminococcus sp. strain YE73) and from 23 kb to 90 kb (Ruminococcus albus AR67). Particle-associated DNA from R. albus AR67 represented DNA derived from genomic DNA of the host bacterium having an almost identical HindIII digestion pattern and an identical 16S rRNA gene. Paradoxically, particle-associated DNA was refractory to digestion with EcoRI, while the genomic DNA was susceptible to extensive digestion, suggesting that there is differential restriction modification of genomic DNA and DNA exported from the cell. Transformation using the vesicle-containing fraction of culture supernatant of Ruminococcus sp. strain YE71 was able to restore the ability to degrade crystalline cellulose to two mutants that were otherwise unable to do so. The ability was heritable and transferred to subsequent generations. It appears that membrane-associated transformation plays a role in lateral gene transfer in complex microbial ecosystems, such as the rumen.

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3

Livaoğlu, Murat, Gürdal Yilmaz, Servet Kerimoğlu, Kemalettin Aydin, and Naci Karacal. "Necrotizing fasciitis with ruminococcus." Journal of Medical Microbiology 57, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47453-0.

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Necrotizing fasciitis is a life- and limb-threatening soft tissue infection. Due to its underlying predisposition and rapid progression, treatment should be started quickly using antibiotherapy and surgical intervention. Although necrotizing fasciitis is mainly caused by streptococci and staphylococci, it may also be polymicrobial. Other peptostreptococci have been reported as necrotizing fasciitis agents in the literature, though we encountered no cases of necrotizing fasciitis caused by Ruminococcus productus. Here, we describe a case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by R. productus, a Gram-positive, obligatory anaerobe.

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4

Marcille, F., A. Gomez, P. Joubert, M. Ladiré, G. Veau, A. Clara, F. Gavini, A. Willems, and M. Fons. "Distribution of Genes Encoding the Trypsin-Dependent Lantibiotic Ruminococcin A among Bacteria Isolated from Human Fecal Microbiota." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 7 (July 2002): 3424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.7.3424-3431.2002.

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ABSTRACT Fourteen bacterial strains capable of producing a trypsin-dependent antimicrobial substance active against Clostridium perfringens were isolated from human fecal samples of various origins (from healthy adults and children, as well as from adults with chronic pouchitis). Identification of these strains showed that they belonged to Ruminococcus gnavus, Clostridium nexile, and Ruminococcus hansenii species or to new operational taxonomic units, all from the Clostridium coccoides phylogenetic group. In hybridization experiments with a probe specific for the structural gene encoding the trypsin-dependent lantibiotic ruminococcin A (RumA) produced by R. gnavus, seven strains gave a positive response. All of them harbored three highly conserved copies of rumA-like genes. The deduced peptide sequence was identical to or showed one amino acid difference from the hypothetical precursor of RumA. Our results indicate that the rumA-like genes have been disseminated among R. gnavus and phylogenetically related strains that can make up a significant part of the human fecal microbiota.

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5

WILLEMS, A., and M. D. COLLINS. "NOTES: Phylogenetic Analysis of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, the Type Species of the Genus Ruminococcus, Does Not Support the Reclassification of Streptococcus hansenii and Peptostreptococcus productus as Ruminococci." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 45, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-45-3-572.

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6

Champion, Kathleen M., Carla T. Helaszek, and Bryan A. White. "Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility and extrachromosomal DNA content of Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 1109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-196.

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Seventeen Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens strains have been screened for naturally occurring antibiotic resistance, as determined by zones of inhibition from antibiotic disks. These strains were also examined for extrachromosomal DNA content. All strains screened are resistant to low levels (10–200 μg/mL) of streptomycin. In contrast to the previously reported data, we have found that R. flavefaciens C-94 is now susceptible to both kanamycin and tetracycline. However, R. flavefaciens FD-1 is not susceptible to kanamycin (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 40 μg/mL). Furthermore, R. albus 8 is resistant to tetracycline (MIC = 40 μg/mL), and erythromycin (MIC = 100 μg/mL). Six freshly isolated strains showed resistance to tetracycline (35–70 μg/mL), and all tetracycline-resistant strains also showed resistance to minocycline. None of these Ruminococcus determinants share homology with the streptococcal tetL, tetM, or tetN determinants. All 17 strains were screened for extrachromosomal DNA content. Nine different techniques for the detection and isolation of extrachromosomal DNA were tested. However, owing to difficulties in demonstrating or isolating plasmid DNA, it has not been possible to determine if these antibiotic resistance genes are plasmid borne. Evidence is presented to suggest that the presence of oxygen may affect the quality of the DNA obtained from Ruminococcus.

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7

Dabard, J., C. Bridonneau, C. Phillipe, P. Anglade, D. Molle, M. Nardi, M. Ladiré, et al. "Ruminococcin A, a New Lantibiotic Produced by aRuminococcus gnavus Strain Isolated from Human Feces." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 4111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.9.4111-4118.2001.

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ABSTRACT When cultivated in the presence of trypsin, the Ruminococcus gnavus E1 strain, isolated from a human fecal sample, was able to produce an antibacterial substance that accumulated in the supernatant. This substance, called ruminococcin A, was purified to homogeneity by reverse-phase chromatography. It was shown to be a 2,675-Da bacteriocin harboring a lanthionine structure. The utilization of Edman degradation and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, followed by DNA sequencing of part of the structural gene, allowed the identification of 21 amino acid residues. Similarity to other bacteriocins present in sequence libraries strongly suggested that ruminococcin A belonged to class IIA of the lantibiotics. The purified ruminococcin A was active against various pathogenic clostridia and bacteria phylogenetically related to R. gnavus. This is the first report on the characterization of a bacteriocin produced by a strictly anaerobic bacterium from human fecal microbiota.

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8

Anam, Moh Sofi’ul, Andriyani Astuti, Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto, Gunawan ., and Ali Agus. "Effects of Combined Organic Selenium and Zinc Supplementation on In Vitro Ruminal Enzyme Activities and Relative Populations of Several Bacterial Species." World's Veterinary Journal 14, no. 2 (June 25, 2024): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/scil.2024.wvj22.

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Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential animal microminerals. Combining Se and Zn (Se-Zn) as a feed additive in its influence on rumen fermentation patterns is still very limited, so further investigation is needed. The present study explored the supplementation impact of combined Se-Zn from organic sources on rumen enzyme activity and relative abundance of several bacterial species through an in vitro method. Five treatments, each with six replicates were used in the study. The first group treated without Se and Zn supplementation (T0, control), the second group treated with 0.3 ppm Se + 60 ppm Zn (T1), the third group treated with 0.45 ppm Se + 60 ppm Zn (T2), the fourth group treated with 0.3 ppm Se + 90 ppm Zn (T3), and the fifth group treated with 0.45 ppm Se + 90 ppm Zn (T4). The parameters observed included rumen microbial enzyme activities (carboxyl methyl cellulase, amylase, protease) and the relative abundance of rumen microbes (Ruminococcus sp., Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminococcus albus, Streptococcus sp., Prevotella ruminicola, and Eubacterium ruminantium). Results indicated that carboxyl methyl cellulase (CMC-ase) and amylase activities raised in T2, T3, and T4 in comparison to T1 and T0 treatments. Protease activity and protein enzyme content increased in T2 compared to all treatments. The relative abundance of Ruminococcus sp. and Ruminococcus albus was higher in T2 and T3 compared to T0 treatment. Furthermore, an elevated Ruminococcus flavefaciens was indicated in T2 compared to other treatments. The T2, T3, and T4 led to higher abundances of Eubacterium ruminantium, Prevotella ruminicola, and Ruminococcus albus compared to T0 and T1. It is concluded that organic Se and Zn enhanced the relative abundance of several bacterial species and the activity of enzymes in the rumen; optimal results are recommended when combining 0.45 ppm Se + 60 ppm Zn.

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9

Chassard,, Christophe, Eve Delmas,, Céline Robert,, Paul A. Lawson, and Annick Bernalier-Donadille. "Ruminococcus champanellensis sp. nov., a cellulose-degrading bacterium from human gut microbiota." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.027375-0.

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A strictly anaerobic, cellulolytic strain, designated 18P13T, was isolated from a human faecal sample. Cells were Gram-positive non-motile cocci. Strain 18P13T was able to degrade microcrystalline cellulose but the utilization of soluble sugars was restricted to cellobiose. Acetate and succinate were the major end products of cellulose and cellobiose fermentation. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate belonged to the genus Ruminococcus of the family Ruminococcaceae. The closest phylogenetic relative was the ruminal cellulolytic strain Ruminococcus flavefaciens ATCC 19208T (<95 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The DNA G+C content of strain 18P13T was 53.05±0.7 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, and morphological and physiological data, strain 18P13T can be differentiated from other members of the genus Ruminococcus with validly published names. The name Ruminococcus champanellensis sp. nov. is proposed, with 18P13T ( = DSM 18848T = JCM 17042T) as the type strain.

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10

Chen, Junqin, David M. Stevenson, and Paul J. Weimer. "Albusin B, a Bacteriocin from the Ruminal Bacterium Ruminococcus albus 7 That Inhibits Growth of Ruminococcus flavefaciens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 5 (May 2004): 3167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.5.3167-3170.2004.

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ABSTRACT An ∼32-kDa protein (albusin B) that inhibited growth of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 was isolated from culture supernatants of Ruminococcus albus 7. Traditional cloning and gene-walking PCR techniques revealed an open reading frame (albB) encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 32,168 Da. A BLAST search revealed two homologs of AlbB from the unfinished genome of R. albus 8 and moderate similarity to LlpA, a recently described 30-kDa bacteriocin from Pseudomonas sp. strain BW11M1.

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11

Præsteng, K., R. Mackie, I. Cann, S. Mathiesen, and M. Sundset. "Development of a signature probe targeting the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer of a ruminal Ruminococcus flavefaciens isolate from reindeer." Beneficial Microbes 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2010.0044.

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The cellulolytic Ruminococcus flavefaciens has previously been introduced into the ruminant rumen to increase microbial degradation of plant cell wall carbohydrates. The functional effect of an introduced bacterium depends on its ability to establish in the digestive tract, and signature probes can be used as a tool to track and quantify introduced strains. The purpose of this current study was to develop an oligonucleotide signature probe targeting the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of a putative probiotic cellulolytic isolate (R. flavefaciens strain 8/94-32) from the rumen of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). The 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS of three Ruminococcus strains; R. flavefaciens strain 8/94-32, R. flavefaciens FD-1 and Ruminococcus albus Ra-8, was investigated. The ITS region has been reported to vary more between closely related bacteria compared to the widely used 16S rRNA gene, and a high degree of sequence polymorphism was indeed detected between the three Ruminococcus strains studied. Based on observed sequence differences, two oligonucloetide probes, ITSRumi1 and ITSRumi2, targeting the ITS region of the R. flavefaciens isolate 8/94-32 were developed. Probe specificity was evaluated in dot blot hybridisations with R. flavefaciens isolate 8/94-32 and four other Ruminococcus-strains tested. The probe ITSRumi1 gave positive signals for the R. flavefaciens isolate 8/94-32 only, while probe ITSRumi2 gave positive signals for R. flavefaciens isolate 8/94-32 as well as for R. albus Ra-8. The result of hybridisations with the probe ITSRumi1 indicates that the probe is specific for the R. flavefaciens strain 8/94-32 amongst the four Ruminococcus-strains tested, and is promising for further studies using it as a signature probe for tracking this strain when re-introduced to the reindeer rumen.

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Kobayashi, Yasuo, Hidenori Taguchi, Takashi N. Goto, Satoshi Koike, and Kunio Ohmiya. "Expression and export of aRuminococcus albuscellulase inButyrivibrio fibrisolvensthrough the use of an alternative gene promoter and signal sequence." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-050.

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Ruminococcal cellulase (Ruminococcus albus F-40 endoglucanase EgI) was successfully expressed in Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens OB156C, using the erm promoter from pAMβ1. A newly identified signal peptide coding region of xynA from B. fibrisolvens 49 allowed efficient translocation of the foreign EgI into the extracellular fraction. First, B. fibrisolvens xynA with or without its own putative signal peptide (XynA SP) coding region was cloned into a shuttle vector to transform B. fibrisolvens OB156C. Both plasmids caused a 2- to 2.4-fold increase in xylanase activity. The transformant expressing XynA with the signal peptide showed a significantly higher proportion of activity in the extracellular fraction than the transformant with XynA lacking the signal peptide (75% vs. 19%), demonstrating the significance of XynA SP in the translocation of the expressed enzyme. Second, using the XynA SP coding region, secretion of EgI was attempted in B. fibrisolvens. Since the signal peptide of R. albus EgI did not function in B. fibrisolvens, it was replaced with the XynA SP. A high activity variant of EgI containing the XynA SP was transcribed using the erm promoter, resulting in a 27-fold increase in endoglucanase activity, most of which (>93%) was in the extracellular fraction of the B. fibrisolvens transformant. EgI without the XynA SP was scarcely detected in the extracellular fraction (<10%).Key words: Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Ruminococcus albus, cellulase, gene promoter, signal peptide.

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13

Julliand, Veronique, Albane de Vaux, Liliane Millet, and Gerard Fonty. "Identification of Ruminococcus flavefaciens as the Predominant Cellulolytic Bacterial Species of the Equine Cecum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 3738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.8.3738-3741.1999.

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ABSTRACT Detection and quantification of cellulolytic bacteria with oligonucleotide probes showed that Ruminococcus flavefaciens was the predominant species in the pony and donkey cecum. Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus albus were present at low levels. Four isolates, morphologically resembling R. flavefaciens, differed from ruminal strains by their carbohydrate utilization and their end products of cellobiose fermentation.

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14

Balty, Clémence, Alain Guillot, Laura Fradale, Clémence Brewee, Mylène Boulay, Xavier Kubiak, Alhosna Benjdia, and Olivier Berteau. "Ruminococcin C, an anti-clostridial sactipeptide produced by a prominent member of the human microbiota Ruminococcus gnavus." Journal of Biological Chemistry 294, no. 40 (July 23, 2019): 14512–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.009416.

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15

Chiumento, Steve, Clarisse Roblin, Sylvie Kieffer-Jaquinod, Sybille Tachon, Chloé Leprètre, Christian Basset, Dwi Aditiyarini, et al. "Ruminococcin C, a promising antibiotic produced by a human gut symbiont." Science Advances 5, no. 9 (September 2019): eaaw9969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw9969.

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A major public health challenge today is the resurgence of microbial infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Consequently, novel antimicrobial molecules are actively sought for development. In this context, the human gut microbiome is an under-explored potential trove of valuable natural molecules, such as the ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). The biological activity of the sactipeptide subclass of RiPPs remains under-characterized. Here, we characterize an antimicrobial sactipeptide, Ruminococcin C1, purified from the caecal contents of rats mono-associated with Ruminococcus gnavus E1, a human symbiont. Its heterologous expression and post-translational maturation involving a specific sactisynthase establish a thioether network, which creates a double-hairpin folding. This original structure confers activity against pathogenic Clostridia and multidrug-resistant strains but no toxicity towards eukaryotic cells. Therefore, the Ruminococcin C1 should be considered as a valuable candidate for drug development and its producer strain R. gnavus E1 as a relevant probiotic for gut health enhancement.

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Helaszek, C. T., and B. A. White. "Cellobiose uptake and metabolism by Ruminococcus flavefaciens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57, no. 1 (1991): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.57.1.64-68.1991.

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17

KAWAI, Shuji, Hiroyuki HONDA, Takaaki TANASE, Masahito TAYA, Shinji IIJIMA, and Takeshi KOBAYASHI. "Molecular cloning of Ruminococcus albus cellulase gene." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 51, no. 1 (1987): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.51.59.

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18

Vereecke, Lars, and Dirk Elewaut. "Ruminococcus on the horizon in arthritic disease." Nature Reviews Rheumatology 13, no. 10 (August 17, 2017): 574–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2017.130.

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19

Laughlin, Colin, Alex McPherson, Surya Pandey, Jake Shapira, Catherine Phelps, Amanda Lee, Simran Randhawa, et al. "Examining the antitumorigenic effects of Ruminococcus gnavus." Journal of Immunology 212, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2024): 0419_5091. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.212.supp.0419.5091.

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Abstract Melanoma is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in the world, with increasing occurrence over the past several decades. Common treatment regimens for melanoma include immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, which enhances interferon-γ production in CD8 T cells (Tc1). Despite showing efficacy in some patients, a majority of melanoma patients are resistant to ICI therapy. Prior studies have demonstrated the ability of the gut microbiota to impact Tc1 antitumor responses and ICI therapy efficacy. In analyzing top gut bacteria enriched in ICI-responders, Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus) is a commonly identified species. Here we demonstrate the tumor restraining properties of R. gnavus in subcutaneous, spontaneous, and metastatic cancer models. Further, gnotobiotic monocolonization experiments demonstrate the ability for this bacterium to restrain tumor growth independent of a complex microbiome. Analyzing the mechanism behind how R. gnavus causes melanoma growth suppression in our model, we have demonstrated requirements of bacterial viability and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation. Colonization with R. gnavus at various tumor timepoints was able to induce a significant Tc1 response locally in the tumor and systemically in lymphoid organs. Finally, we found R. gnavus colonization to facilitate ICI efficacy in our model. This study uncovers a potential mechanism of how a common ICI-response associated bacterium enhances ICI efficacy in melanoma.

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Atasoglu, Cengiz, C. James Newbold, and R. John Wallace. "Incorporation of [15N]Ammonia by the Cellulolytic Ruminal Bacteria Fibrobacter succinogenesBL2, Ruminococcus albus SY3, and Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 2819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.6.2819-2822.2001.

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ABSTRACT The origin of cell nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen during growth of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria in different growth media was investigated by using 15NH3. At high concentrations of peptides (Trypticase, 10 g/liter) and amino acids (15.5 g/liter), significant amounts of cell nitrogen ofFibrobacter succinogenes BL2 (51%), Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 (43%), and Ruminococcus albusSY3 (46%) were derived from non-NH3-N. With peptides at 1 g/liter, a mean of 80% of cell nitrogen was from NH3. More cell nitrogen was formed from NH3 during growth on cellobiose compared with growth on cellulose in all media. Phenylalanine was essential for F. succinogenes, and its15N enrichment declined more than that of other amino acids in all species when amino acids were added to the medium.

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Chen, Jiahao, Yu Wang, Hang Yao, Yuxin Li, and Hong Song. "Uncovering a Causal Connection between Gut Microbiota and Six Thyroid Diseases: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study." Biology 13, no. 9 (September 11, 2024): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13090714.

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Background: Recent studies have established associations between the gut microbiota (GM) and thyroid diseases (TDs). However, their causal relationships remain elusive. Methods: To investigate this causality, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from MiBioGen and FinnGen, with GM as the exposure and six TDs as outcomes. Results: We identified 32 microbial taxa linked to the risk of six TDs. The Clostridium innocuum group, Ruminiclostridium5, and Lachnoclostridium exhibited protective effects against nontoxic diffuse goiter (NDG). Conversely, an increased risk of NDG was associated with Ruminococcaceae UCG002, Alistipes, Methanobrevibacter, Marvinbryantia, and Ruminococcaceae UCG014. Bifidobacterium and Sutterella were protective against nontoxic multinodular goiter (NMG), while the Ruminococcus gauvreauii group and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group heightened NMG risk. Protective effects against nontoxic single thyroid nodule (NSTN) were observed with Defluviitaleaceae UCG011, Ruminococcus1, and Ruminococcaceae UCG010, whereas increased risk was linked to Alistipes, the Ruminococcus gauvreauii group, and Lachnospiraceae UCG010. Ruminiclostridium9, Victivallis, and Butyricimonas offered protection against thyrotoxicosis with Graves’ Disease (GD), while the Eubacterium rectale group, Desulfovibrio, Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, Oscillospira, and Catenibacterium were risk factors. For thyrotoxicosis with Plummer Disease (PD), protective taxa included Butyricimonas and Lachnospira, whereas Dorea, Eggerthella, Odoribacter, Lactobacillus, Intestinimonas, and Phascolarctobacterium increased risk. Lastly, Parasutterella was protective against thyrotoxicosis with toxic single thyroid nodule (TSTN), while increased risk was associated with Sutterella, Oscillibacter, and Clostridium sensu stricto1. Conclusions: Our findings support a causal relationship between specific GM and TDs at the genetic level, laying the foundation for future research into potential mechanisms and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.

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Liu, C., S. M. Finegold, Y. Song, and P. A. Lawson. "Reclassification of Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus hansenii, Ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus productus and Ruminococcus schinkii as Blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., Blautia hansenii comb. nov., Blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., Blautia luti comb. nov., Blautia producta comb. nov., Blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of Blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 58, no. 8 (August 1, 2008): 1896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65208-0.

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Firrman, Jenni, LinShu Liu, Gustavo Arango Argoty, Liqing Zhang, Peggy Tomasula, Minqian Wang, Sherri Pontious, Masuko Kobori, and Weidong Xiao. "Analysis of Temporal Changes in Growth and Gene Expression for Commensal Gut Microbes in Response to the Polyphenol Naringenin." Microbiology Insights 11 (January 1, 2018): 117863611877510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178636118775100.

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In this study, the effect of the flavanone naringenin on the growth and genetic expression of the commensal gut microbes, Ruminococcus gauvreauii, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Enterococcus caccae, was analyzed. Analysis of growth curves revealed that Ruminococcus gauvreauii was unaffected by naringenin, Bifidobacterium catenulatum was slightly enhanced by naringenin, and Enterococcus caccae was severely inhibited by naringenin. Changes in genetic expression due to naringenin were determined using single-molecule RNA sequencing. Analysis revealed the following responses to naringenin: Ruminococcus gauvreauii upregulated genes involved in iron uptake; Bifidobacterium catenulatum upregulated genes involved in cellular metabolism, DNA repair and molecular transport, and downregulated genes involved in thymidine biosynthesis and metabolism; Enterococcus caccae upregulated pathways involved in transcription and protein transport and downregulated genes responsible for sugar transport and purine synthesis. For the first time, changes in growth and gene expression for commensal gut bacteria in response to naringenin were documented.

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Koike, Satoshi, and Yasuo Kobayashi. "Development and use of competitive PCR assays for the rumen cellulolytic bacteria: Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens." FEMS Microbiology Letters 204, no. 2 (November 2001): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10911.x.

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EZAKI, T., N. LI, Y. HASHIMOTO, H. MIURA, and H. YAMAMOTO. "16S Ribosomal DNA Sequences of Anaerobic Cocci and Proposal of Ruminococcus hansenii comb. nov. and Ruminococcus productus comb. nov." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 44, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-44-1-130.

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EZAKI, T., N. LI, Y. HASHIMOTO, H. MIURA, and H. YAMAMOTO. "16s Ribosomal DNA Sequences of Anaerobic Cocci and Proposal of Ruminococcus hansenii comb. nov. and Ruminococcus productus comb. nov." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 44, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-44-3-598.

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Rodriguez V., Fernando, Tito Efraín Diaz M., Giselle A. Mackenzie, Luz Estella Guativa, and Germán Afanador. "Aislamiento, Patrón de Fermentación de Carbohidratos y Caracterización Morfológica de Bacterias Celulolíticas del Rumen de Bovinos Alimentados con Heno de Raigrás en Colombia." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 1, no. 1 (October 31, 1996): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol1_num1_art:148.

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<p>En el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones “Tibaitatá” de Corpoica, localizado en un ecosistema trópical a una altura de 2550 m.s.n.m, se adelantó un estudio para caracterizar la población de bacterias celulolíticas ruminales de bovinos. Cinco cepas de bacterias anaerobias celulolíticas fueron aisladas a partir del contenido ruminal de bovinos alimentados con heno de raigrás (Lolium multijlorum). Las pruebas bioquímicas, el patrón de fermentación de carbohidratos y la caracterización morfológica, incluyendo los estudios de microscopía electrónica de transmisión de la membrana celular y el glicocáliz, permitieron clasificar las cepas aisladas como: Fibrobacter succinogenes succinogenes (F31 y F32), Fibrobacter succinogenes elongata(F33), Ruminococcus albus (R38) y Ruminococcus flavefaciens (R39). La cepa de R. albus fermentó un mayor número de fuentes de carbono que la cepa de R. flavefaciens, pero ambas, fermentaron celobiosa, pectina y xilano. Ninguna de las dos subespecies de Fibrobacter aisladas fermentó pentosas. Las cepas de Fibrobacter presentaron morfologías de colonia en roll-tube de agar celobiosa, no repor tadas en la literatura. La apariencia, tamaño y distribución del glicocáliz en las células de las cepas del género Ruminococcus hicieron posible la diferenciación de sus dos espe cies R. albus y R. flavefaciens y la confirmación del status taxonómico de las otras cepas celulolíticas. Las cepas aisladas constituyen las primeras entradas al banco de germoplasma microbial de referencia para bovinos en Colombia. Actualmente se adelantan los estudios de actividad enzimática celulolítica de estas cepas.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Isolation, Carbohydrate Fermentation Pattern and Morphological Characterization of Rumen Cellulolytic Bacteria of Cattle Fed Raygrass Hay in Colombia</strong></p><p>A Characterization study of rumen cellulolytic bacteria of cattle was conducted at the National Research Center "Tibaitatá" of Corpoica, located in a highland (2550 m.a.s.l) tropical ecosystem of Colombia. Five anaerobic strains of cellulolytic bacteria (F31, F32, F33, R38 and R39) were isolated from the rumen contents of cattle fed on raygrass (Lolium multiflorum) hay. Classification of the isolated rumen bacteria strains was accomplished by biochemical tests, carbohydrate fermentation patterns and morphological characterization, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of cell membrane and glycocalix. The isolated strains were: Fibrobacter succinogenes succinogenes (F31y F32), Fibrobacter succi nogenes elongata (F33), Ruminococcus albus (R38) and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (R39).</p><p>Ruminococcus albus fermented more carbohydrate sources than Ruminococcus flavefaciens, however, both species fermented cellobiose, pectin and xilan Fibrobacter isolates did not ferment pentose sugar s. Six different types of morphology of the colony, sorne of them not reported previously, were observed in Fibrobacter isolates growing on agar-containing roll tubes. Ruminococcus species were identified as R. albus and R. fla vefaciens by differences in cell structure, size and distribution of the glycocalix. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the taxonomic status of isolated bacteria species. Isolated bacteria are the first entries to the reference rumen germplasm bank of cattle in Colombia. Enzymatic assays are being conducted to measure cellulolytic activity of the isolated strains. </p>

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Crost, E. H., E. H. Ajandouz, C. Villard, P. A. Geraert, A. Puigserver, and M. Fons. "Ruminococcin C, a new anti-Clostridium perfringens bacteriocin produced in the gut by the commensal bacterium Ruminococcus gnavus E1." Biochimie 93, no. 9 (September 2011): 1487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2011.05.001.

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Nagamine, T., R. I. Aminov, M. Sugiura, K. Ogata, K. Tajima, and Y. Benno. "Method for Preparation of RNA from Ruminococcus albus." BioTechniques 22, no. 3 (March 1997): 406–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/97223bm06.

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Thurston, B., K. A. Dawson, and H. J. Strobel. "Pentose utilization by the ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60, no. 4 (1994): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.60.4.1087-1092.1994.

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Kim, Jong Nam, Emily DeCrescenzo Henriksen, Isaac K. O. Cann, and Roderick I. Mackie. "Nitrogen Utilization and Metabolism in Ruminococcus albus 8." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 10 (March 7, 2014): 3095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00029-14.

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ABSTRACTThe model rumenFirmicutesorganismRuminococcus albus8 was grown using ammonia, urea, or peptides as the sole nitrogen source; growth was not observed with amino acids as the sole nitrogen source. Growth ofR. albus8 on ammonia and urea showed the same growth rate (0.08 h−1) and similar maximum cell densities (for ammonia, the optical density at 600 nm [OD600] was 1.01; and for urea, the OD600was 0.99); however, growth on peptides resulted in a nearly identical growth rate (0.09 h−1) and a lower maximum cell density (OD600= 0.58). To identify differences in gene expression and enzyme activities, the transcript abundances of 10 different genes involved in nitrogen metabolism and specific enzyme activities were analyzed by harvesting mRNA and crude protein from cells at the mid- and late exponential phases of growth on the different N sources. Transcript abundances and enzyme activities varied according to nitrogen source, ammonia concentration, and growth phase. Growth ofR. albus8 on ammonia and urea was similar, with the only observed difference being an increase in urease transcript abundance and enzyme activity in urea-grown cultures. Growth ofR. albus8 on peptides showed a different nitrogen metabolism pattern, with higher gene transcript abundance levels ofgdhA,glnA,gltB,amtB,glnK, andureC, as well as higher activities of glutamate dehydrogenase and urease. These results demonstrate that ammonia, urea, and peptides can all serve as nitrogen sources forR. albusand that nitrogen metabolism genes and enzyme activities ofR. albus8 are regulated by nitrogen source and the level of ammonia in the growth medium.

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Doerner, K. "β-Glucanase expression by Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1." FEMS Microbiology Letters 93, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1097(92)90520-x.

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Kim, Min-Soo, Seong Woon Roh, and Jin-Woo Bae. "Ruminococcus faecis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces." Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 3 (June 2011): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0505-7.

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Titécat, Marie, Frédéric Wallet, Marie-Hélène Vieillard, René J. Courcol, and Caroline Loïez. "Ruminococcus gnavus: An unusual pathogen in septic arthritis." Anaerobe 30 (December 2014): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.10.001.

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Odenyo, A. A., R. I. Mackie, G. C. Fahey, and B. A. White. "Degradation of wheat straw and alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated wheat straw by Ruminococcus albus 8 and Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1." Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 2 (1991): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1991.692819x.

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Krause, Denis O., Brian P. Dalrymple, Wendy J. Smith, Roderick I. Mackie, and Christopher S. McSweeney. "16S rDNA sequencing of Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens: design of a signature probe and its application in adult sheep." Microbiology 145, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 1797–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/13500872-145-7-1797.

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Maes, Michael, Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Pavit Klomkliew, Prangwalai Chanchaem, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, and Sunchai Payungporn. "Exploration of the Gut Microbiome in Thai Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Shows a Specific Bacterial Profile with Depletion of the Ruminococcus Genus as a Putative Biomarker." Cells 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2023): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091240.

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Maes et al. (2008) published the first paper demonstrating that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by abnormalities in the microbiota–gut–brain axis, as evidenced by elevated serum IgM/IgA to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria, such as Morganella morganii and Klebsiella Pneumoniae. The latter aberrations, which point to increased gut permeability (leaky gut), are linked to activated neuro-immune and oxidative pathways in MDD. To delineate the profile and composition of the gut microbiome in Thai patients with MDD, we examined fecal samples of 32 MDD patients and 37 controls using 16S rDNA sequencing, analyzed α- (Chao1 and Shannon indices) and β-diversity (Bray–Curtis dissimilarity), and conducted linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis. Neither α- nor β-diversity differed significantly between MDD and controls. Rhodospirillaceae, Hungatella, Clostridium bolteae, Hungatella hathewayi, and Clostridium propionicum were significantly enriched in MDD, while Gracillibacteraceae family, Lutispora, and Ruminococcus genus, Ruminococcus callidus, Desulfovibrio piger, Coprococcus comes, and Gemmiger were enriched in controls. Contradictory results have been reported for all these taxa, with the exception of Ruminococcus, which is depleted in six different MDD studies (one study showed increased abundance), many medical disorders that show comorbidities with MDD, and animal MDD models. Our results may suggest a specific profile of compositional gut dysbiosis in Thai MDD patients, with increases in some pathobionts and depletion of some beneficial microbiota. The results suggest that depletion of Ruminococcus may be a more universal biomarker of MDD that may contribute to increased enteral LPS load, LPS translocation, and gut–brain axis abnormalities.

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Lawson, Paul A., and Sydney M. Finegold. "Reclassification of Ruminococcus obeum as Blautia obeum comb. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_3 (March 1, 2015): 789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000015.

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During our previous studies we reclassified Clostridium coccoides and a number of misclassified ruminococci into a novel genus Blautia within the family Lachnospiraceae . However, the Rules of the Bacteriological Code currently require that the types of all species and subspecies with new names (including new combinations) be deposited in two different collections in two different countries. The type strain of Ruminococcus obeum was, at that period in time, only deposited in the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and a second independent deposit, as required by the Code, was not available. Consequently, the transfer of this species to the genus Blautia could not be made, because the resulting species name would not conform to the Rules governing the valid publication of species names and deposit of type material (Rules 27 and 30) and consequently would not be considered to be validly published. This resulted in a nomenclatural and taxonomic anomaly with R. obeum being phylogenetically placed among members of the genus Blautia with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of between 91.8 and 96.6 %. In order to rectify this unsatisfactory situation, through our discussions with the ATCC, the deposit of strain R. obeum ATCC 29174T to the DSMZ as strain number DSM 25238T was completed. Hence, the transfer of R. obeum to the genus Blautia as Blautia obeum comb. nov. is now proposed. The type strain is ATCC 29174T ( = DSM 25238T = KCTC 15206T).

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Zhang, Q., and M. Zhi. "P1241 Distinct gut microbiota in Crohn's Disease between inflammatory B1 and stricturing B2 phenotype." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 18, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2024): i2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad212.1371.

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Abstract Background The gut microbiome represents a promising avenue to elucidate distinct underlying pathophysiology in Crohn's disease (CD).Our aim was to evaluate the composition of the microbiota in Inflammatory B1 and Stricturing B2 Phenotype. Methods We performed 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing on stool samples of 108 patients (64 B1 and 44 B2) included in the Chinese CD cohort and 58 health controls without any inflammatory disorder, in order to explore the structural composition of gut microbiota in different phenotype of CD. Results Comparison of gut microbiota between patients with CD and healthy controls, α diversity and β diversity were statistically different. At the genus level, compared with the normal group, the abundance of Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, Coprococcus, Gemmiger, Prevotella, Dialister, Roseburia and Clostridium were decreased significantly in the CD group. In contrast, the abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Dorea, Escherichia, Phascolarctobacterium, Veillonella and Eubacterium increased significantly. Compared with B1 phenotype, Streptococcus, Collinsella, Veillonella, Coprococcus and Gemmiger were significant decreased in B2 phenotype group. However, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Lactobacillus and Dialister were significant increased. Conclusion Comparison of gut microbiota between patients with CD and healthy controls, α diversity and β diversity were statistically different. At the genus level, compared with the normal group, the abundance of Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, Coprococcus, Gemmiger, Prevotella, Dialister, Roseburia and Clostridium were decreased significantly in the CD group. In contrast, the abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Dorea, Escherichia, Phascolarctobacterium, Veillonella and Eubacterium increased significantly. Compared with B1 phenotype, Streptococcus, Collinsella, Veillonella, Coprococcus and Gemmiger were significant decreased in B2 phenotype group. However, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Lactobacillus and Dialister were significant increased.

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Akhremchuk, K. V., K. Y. Skapavets, A. E. Akhremchuk, N. P. Kirsanava, A. V. Sidarenka, and L. N. Valentovich. "Gut microbiome of healthy people and patients with hematological malignancies in Belarus." Microbiology Independent Research Journal (MIR Journal) 9, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-18-30.

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Gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and the development of various diseases. We describe the intestinal microbiome of 31 healthy individuals and 29 patients who have hematological malignancies from Belarus. Bacteria that belong to Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, and Alistipes genera were predominant in the gut of healthy people. Based on the dominant microbiota species, two enterotype-like clusters that are driven by Bacteroides and Blautia, respectively, were identified. A significant decrease in alpha diversity and alterations in the taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiota were observed in patients with hematological malignancies compared to healthy people. The microbiome of these patients contained a high proportion of Bacteroides, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Alistipes, Enterococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Ruminococcus gnavus group, Streptococcus, and Roseburia. An increased relative abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus, Ruminococcus torques, Veillonella, Tuzzerella, Sellimonas, and a decreased number of Akkermansia, Coprococcus, Roseburia, Agathobacter, Lachnoclostridium, and Dorea were observed in individuals with hematological malignancies. Generally, the composition of the gut microbiome in patients was more variable than that of healthy individuals, and alterations in the abundance of certain microbial taxa were individually specific.

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Wang, Yayun, Xiaolong Ye, Dafa Ding, and Yibing Lu. "Characteristics of the intestinal flora in patients with peripheral neuropathy associated with type 2 diabetes." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 9 (September 2020): 030006052093680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520936806.

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Objective To study the characteristics of the intestinal flora in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and analyze the association between the intestinal flora and clinical indicators. Methods We classified 80 subjects into three groups: patients with DPN (n = 45), patients type 2 diabetes without DPN (n = 21), and healthy controls (n = 14). The intestinal flora composition was compared among the three groups, and the correlation between the intestinal flora and clinical indicators was analyzed. Results At the phylum level, the richness of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was elevated in the DN group, and that of Bacteroidetes was decreased. At the genus level, the richness of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium was significantly decreased in the DPN group, whereas that of Escherichia- Shigella, Lachnoclostridium, Blautia, Megasphaera, and Ruminococcus torques group was increased. The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index was positively correlated with Megasphaera richness. Glycine ursodeoxycholic acid was positively correlated with Ruminococcus gnavus group and Phascolarctobacterium richness. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid was positively correlated with Ruminococcus gnavus group and Parabacteroides richness. Conclusion There was obvious intestinal microbiota disorder in patients with DPN, which may be related to insulin resistance. These changes may have important roles in the development of DPN.

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Ohmiya, K., M. Shirai, Y. Kurachi, and S. Shimizu. "Isolation and properties of beta-glucosidase from Ruminococcus albus." Journal of Bacteriology 161, no. 1 (1985): 432–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.161.1.432-434.1985.

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Morris, E. Jane. "Characteristics of the adhesion of Ruminococcus albus to cellulose." FEMS Microbiology Letters 51, no. 2-3 (June 1988): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02980.x.

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Hansen, S. G. K., M. N. Skov, and U. S. Justesen. "Two Cases of Ruminococcus gnavus Bacteremia Associated with Diverticulitis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 51, no. 4 (January 30, 2013): 1334–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.03382-12.

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Graziani, F., A. Pujol, C. Nicoletti, S. Dou, M. Maresca, T. Giardina, M. Fons, and J. Perrier. "Ruminococcus gnavus E1 modulates mucin expression and intestinal glycosylation." Journal of Applied Microbiology 120, no. 5 (April 4, 2016): 1403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.13095.

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Noh, Hwayoung, Hwan-Hee Jang, Gichang Kim, Semi Zouiouich, Su-Yeon Cho, Hyeon-Jeong Kim, Jeongseon Kim, et al. "Taxonomic Composition and Diversity of the Gut Microbiota in Relation to Habitual Dietary Intake in Korean Adults." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020366.

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We investigated associations of habitual dietary intake with the taxonomic composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota in 222 Koreans aged 18–58 years in a cross-sectional study. Gut microbiota data were obtained by 16S rRNA gene sequencing on DNA extracted from fecal samples. The habitual diet for the previous year was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. After multivariable adjustment, intake of several food groups including vegetables, fermented legumes, legumes, dairy products, processed meat, and non-alcoholic beverages were associated with major phyla of the gut microbiota. A dietary pattern related to higher α-diversity (HiαDP) derived by reduced rank regression was characterized by higher intakes of fermented legumes, vegetables, seaweeds, and nuts/seeds and lower intakes of non-alcoholic beverages. The HiαDP was positively associated with several genera of Firmicutes such as Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Eubacterium (all p < 0.05). Among enterotypes identified by principal coordinate analysis based on the β-diversity, the Ruminococcus enterotype had higher HiαDP scores and was strongly positively associated with intakes of vegetables, seaweeds, and nuts/seeds, compared to the two other enterotypes. We conclude that a plant- and fermented food-based diet was positively associated with some genera of Firmicutes (e.g., Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Eubacterium) reflecting better gut microbial health.

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Salas-Perez, Francisca, Taís Silveira Assmann, Omar Ramos-Lopez, J. Alfredo Martínez, Jose Ignacio Riezu-Boj, and Fermín I. Milagro. "Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Epigenetic Markers in Obesity Development: Relationship between Ruminococcus, BMI, and MACROD2/SEL1L2 Methylation." Nutrients 15, no. 7 (March 23, 2023): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071550.

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Changes in gut microbiota composition and in epigenetic mechanisms have been proposed to play important roles in energy homeostasis, and the onset and development of obesity. However, the crosstalk between epigenetic markers and the gut microbiome in obesity remains unclear. The main objective of this study was to establish a link between the gut microbiota and DNA methylation patterns in subjects with obesity by identifying differentially methylated DNA regions (DMRs) that could be potentially regulated by the gut microbiota. DNA methylation and bacterial DNA sequencing analysis were performed on 342 subjects with a BMI between 18 and 40 kg/m2. DNA methylation analyses identified a total of 2648 DMRs associated with BMI, while ten bacterial genera were associated with BMI. Interestingly, only the abundance of Ruminococcus was associated with one BMI-related DMR, which is located between the MACROD2/SEL1L2 genes. The Ruminococcus abundance negatively correlated with BMI, while the hypermethylated DMR was associated with reduced MACROD2 protein levels in serum. Additionally, the mediation test showed that 19% of the effect of Ruminococcus abundance on BMI is mediated by the methylation of the MACROD2/SEL1L2 DMR. These findings support the hypothesis that a crosstalk between gut microbiota and epigenetic markers may be contributing to obesity development.

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MIYAZAKI, KOHJI, TSUNEO HINO, and AND HISAO ITABASHI. "Effects of extracellular pH on the intracellular pH and membrane potential of cellulolytic ruminal bacteria, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Fibrobacter succinogenes." Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 38, no. 6 (1992): 567–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2323/jgam.38.567.

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Gomez, Ana, Monique Ladiré, Françoise Marcille, and Michel Fons. "Trypsin Mediates Growth Phase-Dependent Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Ruminococcin A, a Lantibiotic Produced by a Ruminococcus gnavus Strain from a Human Intestinal Microbiota." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.1.18-28.2002.

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ABSTRACT Ruminococcin A (RumA) is a trypsin-dependent lantibiotic produced by Ruminococcus gnavus E1, a gram-positive strict anaerobic strain isolated from a human intestinal microbiota. A 12.8-kb region from R. gnavus E1 chromosome, containing the biosynthetic gene cluster of RumA, has been cloned and sequenced. It consisted of 13 open reading frames, organized in three operons with predicted functions in lantibiotic biosynthesis, signal transduction regulation, and immunity. One unusual feature of the locus is the presence of three almost identical structural genes, all of them encoding the RumA precursor. In order to determine the role of trypsin in RumA production, the transcription of the rum genes has been investigated under inducing and noninducing conditions. Trypsin activity is needed for the growth phase-dependent transcriptional activation of RumA operons. Our results suggest that bacteriocin production by R. gnavus E1 is controlled through a complex signaling mechanism involving the proteolytic processing of a putative extracellular inducer-peptide by trypsin, a specific environmental cue of the digestive ecosystem.

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Zhao, Yameng, Yanxia Guo, Chengjian Yang, Ziyi Song, and Xianqing Luo. "Differences in Milk Fatty Acids Profile of Two Breeds of Water Buffaloes Explained by Their Gastrointestinal Microbiota." Animals 14, no. 15 (July 23, 2024): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14152146.

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This experiment investigated gastrointestinal microbes’ role in milk fatty acid differences between Murrah and Nili-Ravi buffaloes. After 30 days of a basal diet, rumen microbial diversity was similar, but Murrah buffaloes had greater partially unsaturated fatty acids like C18:2c9t11. Rumen bacteria like Acetobacter, Ruminococcus, and Prevotellaceae_YAB2003_group correlated positively with milk fatty acids C22:5n-6 and C18:3 in Murrah. Fecal microbial beta diversity differed, with UCG-005 and Prevolla positively correlated with C18:2c9t11 and C22:5n-6. The greater quantity of milk fatty acids C18:3, C18:2c9t11, and C22:5n-6 in Murrah milk was linked to rumen and fecal microbes. This suggests that gastrointestinal microbes like Acetobacter, Ruminococcus, and UCG_005 regulate milk fatty acid concentrations in buffaloes.

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