Journal articles on the topic 'RUIAP'
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Wang, Bo, Huan Hui Huang, and Ping Bin Jin. "The Roles and Applications of Wetlands in Eco-City Construction — Taking Ruian City as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 6088–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.6088.
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In the process of urbanization, We always neglect the issue of environmental protection. In recognition of this problem, we begin to think about the way to solve it. We find that wetlands have important ecological and environmental functions, which play an important role in maintaining regional ecological balance and the conservation of biological diversity. Especially, urban wetlands are playing an irreplaceable role in eco-city construction. The article takes Ruian city as an example to discuss the utility of natural wetland and constructed wetland in eco-city construction. We conclude that to construct an eco-city, Ruian should focus on pollution control, at the same time, we can make use of natural wetland and constructed wetland to make Ruian more beautiful and ecological.
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YUANHUA, WANG. "A PHILOSOPHICAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH LI RUIa*." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 22, no. 2 (June 1995): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6253.1995.tb00478.x.
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Fukahori, Shuji, Masaaki Morikawa, and Junichirou Ninomiya. "Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol using RuHAp-containing sheet composites." Journal of Materials Science 44, no. 2 (January 2009): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-3153-5.
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CAMPOS, JANAINA CASSIA, and JOÃO CARLOS NUCCI. "Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida de Rios Urbanos (PARU) como ferramenta de monitoramento ambiental." GOT - Journal of Geography and Spatial Planning, no. 21 (June 30, 2021): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17127/got/2021.21.005.
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The development of protocols for an efficient monitoring of rivers quality is extremely important for urban planning. This paper shows up the Rapid Urban River Assessment Protocol (RUAP) and the results of its application in the Palmital River, located in an area of public water supply in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (RMC), in the State of Paraná - Brazil. Four points were analyzed in the lower third of the river and it was figured out with low quality status of the river and with environmental degradation. RUAP was proved to be a simple and accessible tool for monitoring river environments and that can be used by environmental agencies, as well as in formal and informal education of the population, supporting the popular participation in decision-making involving urban plannings.
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GRACIOLLI, GUSTAVO. "Two new species of Basilia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 (Diptera: Nycteribiidae), members of the ferruginea group, from Southern Brazil." Zootaxa 261, no. 1 (August 7, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.261.1.1.
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Two new species of Basilia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903, B. insularis sp. nov. and B. ruiae sp. nov., from Southern Brazil are described. Characters justifying the new species include, the female abdomen, male genitalia and male femur II. Relationships with similar species those of (B. ferruginea Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and B. handleyi Guimarães, 1966) are discussed.
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Teixeira, J., and P. Casquinha. "Inclusion of an alcoholic Rehabilitation Unit in a general psychiatric inpatient service." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73463-0.
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IntroductionPatients with psychiatric disorders are admitted to psychiatric units for evaluation and treatment in the acute phase of illness.AimsTo perform a descriptive analysis of psychiatric hospitalization characteristics before (phase1) and after (phase2) the inclusion of the Rehabilitation Unit for Alcoholic Patients (RUAP).MethodsA retrospective study with clinical and statistical data analysis of patients admitted to a general Psychiatric Hospital twelve months before and after the inclusion of RUAP.ResultsThe sample had 741 patients (376 males, 365 females). Hospitalization characteristics data is presented in table1.[Hospitalization characteristics of phase 1 and 2]ConclusionSample demographic characteristics were similar in both phases. Although mood disorders were the more prevalent diagnosis, after inclusion of RUAP, Alcoholic Dependence Syndrome became the most frequently assigned diagnosis. It is also relevant the higher mean occupancy rate and the higher number of patients admitted to the service. Patients social characteristics in phase 1 and 2 need further investigation.
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Yu, Haiyang, Shuai Yang, Zhihai Wu, and Xiaolei Ma. "Vehicle trajectory reconstruction from automatic license plate reader data." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 2 (February 2018): 155014771875563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718755637.
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Using perception data to excavate vehicle travel information has been a popular area of study. In order to learn the vehicle travel characteristics in the city of Ruian, we developed a common methodology for structuring travelers’ complete information using the travel time threshold to recognize a single trip based on the automatic license plate reader data and built a trajectory reconstruction model integrated into the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution and depth-first search to manage the vehicles’ incomplete records phenomenon. In order to increase the practicability of the model, we introduced two speed indicators associated with actual data and verified the model’s reliability through experiments. Our results show that the method would be affected by the number of missing records. The model and results of this work will allow us to further study vehicles’ commuting characteristics and explore hot trajectories.
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Luo, Yu, Kai Fan, Xingmiao Wang, Hui Li, and Yintang Yang. "RUAP: Random rearrangement block matrix-based ultra-lightweight RFID authentication protocol for end-edge-cloud collaborative environment." China Communications 19, no. 7 (July 2022): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2022.07.016.
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Mhache, Emmanuel Patroba. "The Significance of Motivational Incentives to the Management of Udzungwa Mountain National Park In Kilombero, Tanzania." JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIA 42, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 82–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jgat.v42i2.209.
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This paper explores the significance of providing motivational incentives to local communities to attract effective management of the Udzungwa Mountain National Park (UMDP) in Kilombero district. It also examines the benefits accrued by local people from the UMDNP, explores factors motivating people to manage the UMNP, and determines challenges encountered in the management of the park. The article employs data from a study that was carried out in Msosa, Msolwa, Mkula and Ruipa villages; where a total of 233 heads of households and 7 tour guides were interviewed. The data generation process was complemented by focus group discussions and observations. The results show that active involvement of the heads of households in the management of the park was driven by benefits accrued from it. The results further suggested that local communities that live adjacent to the park are aware of the importance and role of such motivation. It is further uncovered that proper management may potentially reduce deforestation and degradation of the park. The analyst of this paper is guided by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The paper recommends the need for promoting the provision of motivational incentives as a useful strategy for attracting active community participation in the management of national parks.
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Zhang, L. X., J. H. Song, G. J. Tan, and S. S. Li. "First Report of Leaf Blight Caused by Nigrospora sphaerica on Curcuma in China." Plant Disease 95, no. 9 (September 2011): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0284.
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Curcuma (family Zingiberaceae) is commonly cultivated for the use of rhizomes within traditional Chinese medicines. In October 2009 and 2010, severe leaf blight was observed on Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen & C. Ling (4) in fields located in Ruian, China. The area of cultivation in Ruian encompasses 90% of the production in Zhejiang Province. Disease incidence was approximately 90% of plants observed in affected fields. Early symptoms were yellow-to-brown, irregular-shaped lesions on the leaf margin or tip. After several days, lesions expanded along the mid-vein until the entire leaf was destroyed. Blighted leaves turned grayish to dark brown and withered, and severely affected plants died. Eight fungal isolates were recovered from symptomatic C. wenyujin leaves, collected from eight different fields, on potato dextrose agar (PDA). These fungal colonies were initially white, becoming light to dark gray and produced black, spherical to subspherical, single-celled conidia (14 to 17 × 12 to 15 μm), which were borne on a hyaline vesicle at the tip of the conidiophores. On the basis of these morphological features, the isolates appeared to be similar to Nigrospora sphaerica (2). Strain ZJW-1 was selected as a representative for molecular identification. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolate, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) was amplified using ITS1 (5′-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3′) and ITS4 (5′-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3′) primers (3). The ITS region was further cloned and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. JF738028) and was 99% identical to N. sphaerica (GenBank Accession No. FJ478134.1). On the basis of morphological data and the ITS rDNA sequence, the isolate was determined to be N. sphaerica. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on four leaves of four C. wenyujin plants by placing agar pieces (5 mm in diameter) from 8-day-old cultures on pushpin-wounded leaves. An equal number of control plants were wounded and inoculated with noncolonized PDA agar pieces. Plants were placed in moist chambers at 25°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Brown-to-black lesions were observed on wounded leaves after 3 days and expanded to an average of 56 × 40 mm 15 days after inoculation. No symptoms developed on the control leaves. The pathogen was reisolated from the margins of necrotic tissues but not from the controls. The pathogen has been reported as a leaf pathogen on several hosts worldwide (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. sphaerica as a leaf pathogen of C. wenyujin in China. Future research will focus primarily on management of this disease. References: (1) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Retrieved from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ , March 31, 2011. (2) E. W. Mason. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 12:152, 1927. (3) T. J. White et al. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, 1990. (4) J. Zhao et al. Molecules 15:7547, 2010.
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Pinto, Jacyguara Costa, Ieda Gomes da Silva Santos, Michel Belo de Souza, Onitis Souza Quaresma, and Wladimir Nascimento Feitosa. "Manifestações de planejamento urbano em assentamentos de reforma agrária no estado do Amapá." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 9 (September 8, 2022): 61844–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n9-095.
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O objetivo do artigo foi analisar as possíveis manifestações de planejamento urbano em assentamentos de reforma agrária no estado do Amapá. A metodologia adotou a pesquisa bibliográfica, sob o enfoque da abordagem descritiva de natureza qualitativa, as fontes, através da seleção de artigos cientificos na base de pesquisa do Google Acadêmico, sendo selecionados estudos que tivessem sido publicados na ultima década. Os resultados abordaram brevemente a perspectiva das evoluções da reforma agrária no Brasil; analisaram a perspectiva conceitual e histórica do planejamento urbano nas cidades brasileiras; identificar manifestações de planejamento urbano em assentamentos de reforma agrária no estado do Amapá. Por fim, concluiu-se que nos assentamentos do Estado do Amapá não há manifestações de planejamento urbano, mas a participação da gestão e sua organização pelo Instituto Nacional de Colonização da Reforma Agrária (INCRA) e pelo Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Amapá (RURAP), sendo: áreas predominantes de pequenas unidades familiares, que utilizam a terra com a práticas agrícolas e extrativismo. Não se identifica políticas de planejamento urbano pois o orgao de controle não enquadrou os assentamentos como cidades, mas um Plano de Utilização (PU), um “regulamento” para o uso de áreas historicamente ocupadas e que já possuem formas próprias de apropriação e utilização dos recursos naturais. Esse Plano representa uma gestão inovadora feita entre a Associação local e conselho deliberativo, e o Incra como último ente.
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Mahishale, G. S., Deepa Allolli, Anand Patil, Basavaraj P. G., Sachin Shetagar, and Satish Talikoti. "Cardiovascular profile of patients with chronic kidney disease." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 2582. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192882.
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Background: Frequency of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events increase even in early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study was aimed to understand the cardiovascular profile of patients with CKD.Methods: This observational study was conducted on patients who were admitted with chronic kidney disease in Sri Venkateswara Rama Narayan RUIA Government General Hospital, Tirupati. Patients were classified according to their severity of CKD. All patients had an electrocardiogram and echocardiogram. Results of various biochemical investigations, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram were compared between patients with mild, moderate and severe CKD.Results: Combined diabetes mellitus and hypertension was found to be the most common case of CKD in Authors patient population (43%), followed by diabetes mellitus alone (37%). Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were found to be significantly higher and creatinine clearance and haemoglobin were significantly lower among patients with severe CKD. Electrocardiography revealed 50% had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 30% had tall ‘T’ waves and 15 % had ST-segment changes. Mean inter-ventricular septal end diastole thickness and mean left ventricular mass was found to be significantly in patients with severe CKD as compared to mild CKD.Conclusions: Extensive cardiovascular evaluation of patients with CKD is warranted even if the classical symptoms are not absent and early cardiovascular rehabilitation should be instituted in such patients.
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Kubachev, Kubach Gadgimagomedovich, Kantemir Arturovich Hachimov, Nuriddin Davlatalievich Mukhiddinov, and Nonna Enrikovna Zarkua. "Surgical Tactics in Damages of the Scenosis of the Duodenumi of the Fince." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 12, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2019-12-3-162-167.
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Rationale. To date, the issues of early diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with injuries to the retroperitoneal duodenum have not been resolved. Due to late diagnosis, the development of retroperitonitis in a short time after injury, the frequency of postoperative complications reaches 20% - 32%, and mortality - up to 18% - 27%.Purpose of the study. Improving the results of treatment of patients with damages to the retroperitoneal part of the duodenum.Methods. The results of treatment of 54 patients with a rupture of the retroperitoneal part of the duodenum are presented. In the study of patients with suspected damage to the retroperitoneal part of the intestine used ultrasound, EUS, FGDS and MSCT with intraluminal contrastResults. 28 victims were sutured by a duodenal defect and cholecystostomy. In these patients, the patient was disconnected by a flashing apparatus, and a gastroenteroanastomosis was formed. The failure of the duodenal sutures developed in 10 (35.7%), 8 (28.6%) victims died26 victims, after mobilization of the intestine by Kocher, were performed excision of the edges of the rupture of the intestinal wall and the formation of the side-to-side duodenojejunostomy with the Ruian loop of the jejunum off. The postoperative period was smooth in 20 victims. 2 patients with concomitant injuries of the liver, spleen, skeleton bones died 2 and 4 days after the operation due to severe blood loss and shock. In the postoperative period, 4 patients on the 5th and 6th day developed micrononextensity of the seams of duodenojejunostomy. Both patients were treated conservatively and were discharged.
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T. Padma, Raju B, and Raviraj GS. "The Effect of Nebulized Magnesium Sulphate on the Incidence of Postoperative Sorethroat." Academia Anesthesiologica International 5, no. 1 (July 11, 2020): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/aan.2020.5.1.39.
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Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a well-recognized complication that remains unresolved in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation for general anaesthesia. The wide variation in these figures is presumably due to different skills and techniques among anesthetists and to differences between patients in the definition of sore throat. The main aim is to study the attenuating effect of Magnesium sulphate nebulization on the incidence of post-operative sore throat. Subjects and Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical study. A total number of 100 patients of ASA grade 1 & 2, in the age group of 18 - 60 years. The study has been carried out at Sri Venkateswara Ram Narayana Ruia Government General Hospital, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, over a period of 12 months. Results: There was no significant difference among the groups in terms of age, gender and weight. Whereas Magnesium sulphate significantly lessens the POST during swallowing at 4th hour as compared to Normal saline (p< 0.05) and this statement can be attributed to any population. Conclusion: Post-operative sore throat is one of the most common undesirable anesthesia-associated problems in the patients undergoing GA with an endotracheal tube for routine surgical cases for up to 24 h. Magnesium sulphate was significantly reduces the incidence of POST compared to Normal saline , and it is safe, simple and effective in reducing postoperative sore throat.
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Rojaramani, Dr K., Dr G. V. Prakash, Dr K. Thulasiram, Dr Venkata Satya Sai Mythri Dintyala, and Rishitha Nannam. "Consumption of Commercial Dietary Products over Natural Diet – Impact in COVID Pandemic." International Journal of Medical Research & Review 9, no. 4 (August 11, 2021): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijmrr.2021.i04.07.
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Background: An adequate intake of essential minerals like selenium, iron, and zinc and thevitamins A, C, D, E, B6, and B12 are crucial to maintaining a healthy immune function. Commercialdietary products containing a mixture of some of the above-mentioned; nutrients may suffice thespecific requirements in definitive groups of populations. The comprehensive impact on the Indianpopulation with consumption of commercial dietary products in addition to natural dietary products;during the Corona Virus Disease (COVID) pandemic was assessed in this study. Methods: A cross-sectional & observational study was conducted in a group of 3699 subjects, who attended the COVIDOP Department at Sri Venkateswara RamaNarayana Ruia Government General Hospital, Tirupatifrom the period of August and September 2020. The subjects were randomly selected and aquestionnaire was posed. The data collected were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software.Results: The percentage of the population consuming commercial dietary products in addition tonatural dietary products was 15.865%. Commonly used natural dietary products by the populationwere egg& milk products, vegetables followed by fruits. In our study, a significant associationbetween gender and consumption of commercial dietary products was noted. Conclusions: Theusage of commercial dietary products in addition to natural dietary products can be recommended inspecified population groups. The consumption of commercial dietary products in addition to naturaldietary products was significant concerning the female gender.
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Kēpa, Mere, Corinthia A. Kēpa, Betty Mcpherson, Hone Kameta, Florence Kameta, Waiora Port, Hine Loughlin, Paea Smith, and Leiana Reynolds. "E Kore E Ngāro Ngā Kākano I ruia Mai i Rangiātea: The language and culture from Rangiātea will never be lost in health and ageing research." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 10, no. 3 (September 2014): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117718011401000306.
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Alloli, Deepa, G. S. Mahishale, Siddaraya Hanjagi, Sayed Mohammed Meraj Hussaini, and Ganga Patil. "Plasma homocysteine levels in Indian patients with acute ischemic stroke." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 3684. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184430.
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Background: Homocysteine has primary atherogenic and prothrombotic properties. The present study aimed to assess serum homocysteine levels in patients with ischemic stroke and to find association of serum homocysteine levels with various patient related variables.Methods: This observational study included patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of stroke in Sri Ventateswara Ramnarain Ruia Government General Hospital. Patients were evaluated for risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. Total homocysteine estimation was done and survival of the patients was assessed at the time of discharge from the hospital.Results: Most common risk factor for stroke in our study population was dyslipidemia (40%), followed by hypertension (36%). Total homocysteine levels were raised in 92% of the patients. Patients with homocysteine levels less than 15mM/L had lacunar infarcts. Homocysteine levels higher than 100mM/L were found in 18% of the patients and they all had large sized lesions. Significantly higher mean homocysteine levels were found among patients with large lesions (70.15±2.65 vs 21.68±8.02, p value <0.05). Among various risk factors, higher mean homocysteine levels were found to be associated with dyslipidemia (p value <0.05). No association between hypertension, diabetes mellitus or smoking history was found with higher homocysteine levels. Patients who survived had significantly lower homocysteine levels as compared to non survivors (39.3±19.84 vs 100±18.82, p value<0.001).Conclusions: Further studies are needed on homocysteine and stroke fur using homocysteine as screening test and for initiation of preventive therapy of stroke based on homocysteine levels.
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Ahmad, Zubair. "A STUDY OF THE CHANGING CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN ORGANISED RETAILING IN LUCKNOW CITY." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 2 (February 8, 2020): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i2.2018.151.
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The major factor of consumer behaviour in organised retailing is the changing buying behaviour. Various management thinkers have conducted several studies to understand the relationship of buying behaviour and organised retailing. Consumer behaviour is defined as the behaviour that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of products and services that they expect will satisfy their needs. (L.G. Schiffman, L.L. Kanuk, 2005). Consumer buying behaviour is changes due to organised retailing sector which introduce in India in 2000 year. Slowly organised retail flourish in India year after year and till 2008 many malls and other hypermarkets open in many cities of India. In this sector some Indian players took the initiative and open their retail chains. For example Future Group opened Big Bazaar, RPG Group opened Spencer Store, Ruia Group opened Shoppers Stop in many cities Now-a-days employees have been hired, trained and remunerated in organised sector. In this respect the malls and hypermarkets provide job opportunities to many people in the country. The organised retailing changes a lot the “consumer buying behaviour” in the country. Under one roof the whole items related to each category available to the consumers in the shops. Times have changed people want a good shopping experience and this experience they feel in purchasing the products from malls, hypermarkets etc. The purpose of this study was to identify through hypothesis testing how consumer buying behaviour changes in organised retailing. The study was conducted using structured questionnaire on private and public sector employees. Chi- Square technique was applied and chi value was computed to test the formulated hypothesis in order to find relevance of consumer buying behaviour in organised retailing.
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Majumder, Amit. "Corporate Governance Practices of Family Enterprises: A Study on Some Selected Indian Family Governed Companies." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 8, no. 3 (October 7, 2017): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v8.n3.p2.
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<p>Corporate governance implies how an organization is directed and controlled under a set of mission, values, and philosophy (Cadbury, 1992). But unfortunately, over time, the common investors all over the globe have suffered a lot in the hands of the greedy managers and scams like Enron, Adelphia, Tyco, Worldcom, Xerox, Paramalt, and Satyam have shattered the trust in the very mechanism of corporate management and governance. However, despite a lot of initiatives had been taken around the world in the form of codes/laws for ensuring good governance for corporate sector, the issue of governance practices of family enterprises operating in India had not been discussed in detail. But, in view of the contribution of the family enterprises to Indian Economy over the years, a renewed interest on their governance mechanism is the need of the hour. Starting from Tata to Birla, Ambani, Goenka, Ruia, Mittal etc. Corporate India had a long heritage of domination of family governed firms. They contribute significantly towards economic growth of the country, employment generation, boosting up Gross Domestic Production as well as accumulation of foreign reserve through growth in export and also engaged into cross border Merger and Amalgamations. However, time and again the issues of governance and succession policy had perturbed the smooth sailings of these family governed firms in India. Recent examples like clash between Ambani brothers, inheritance issues in Birla clan proved that case. Against this backdrop the present study is a humble attempt to enquire the state of affairs of corporate governance in major family governed firms in India.</p>
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Nagamuneiah, Sadhu, Gandikota Venkata Prakash, Sabitha P, Jandla Bhulaxmi, Dintyala Venkata S. S. Dintyala Venkata S. S. Mythri, and Pallaki Veera Reddy. "A Study of Transcutaneous Oxygen Saturation by Pulse Oximetry in Symptomatic Ischaemic Lower Limb – A Cross Sectional Analytical Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tirupathi." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 32 (August 9, 2021): 3018–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/550.
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BACKGROUND Chronic arterial insufficiency (CAI) results in stenotic-occlusive disease of vascularized arterial disorders of tissues and organs. CAI of the lower extremities represents a significant medical and socio-economic problem due to a high incidence of morbidity, invalidity and mortality. METHODS A cross sectional analytical study was conducted in a group of 100 patients, admitted at the Vascular Department of the Sri Venkateshwara Ramnaraian Ruia Government General Hospital, Tirupati during the period from September 2018 to August 2019, with evident symptoms and signs of different stages of lower extremities CAI verified by ultrasonography. In patients with lower extremity disorder of tissue arterial capillaries, SpO2 was determined by pulse oximetry. CAI of the lower extremity was determined on the basis of clinical findings and colour Doppler duplex scan echo sonography results. Using the conventional method (single-gate) and colour Doppler duplex scan (multi-gate), the presence and localization of stenosis, the segmental predominance (with multisegmental forms) and the degree of progression of stenotic-occlusive lesions were verified. RESULTS Results Using pulse oximetry, depending on the of stage of lower extremities CAI, we revealed a considerable difference in the stages of functional ischemia Mean SpO2: Fontaine I – 95.50 %, Fontaine II – 92.90; in stage critical ischemia SpO2: Fontaine III – 65.00 % and Fontaine IV – 49.87 %. In 29 patients with gangrenous foot and fingers SpO2 was immeasurable and progressive decrease in SpO2 of arterial capillaries (p<0.01 between stages). CONCLUSIONS Due to the reliability and simplicity of pulse oximetry it can be a routinely used diagnostic device for patients with early determined stage of lower extremities CAI. KEYWORDS Chronic Arterial Insufficiency, SPO2, Pulse Oximetry, Ischemia
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S, Vasudha, Sabita P, Prakash G.V., Nagamuneiah S, Ahmed Sheriff, and Hima Bindu. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Complications and Management of Varicose Veins at SVRRGGH, Tirupati." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 23 (June 7, 2021): 1954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/367.
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BACKGROUND Chronic venous disorders are an important cause of disease and disability worldwide. Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous elongated veins. Varicose veins are either primary or secondary. Most of the patients are asymptomatic. Indian populations present with complications like venous bleed, thrombophlebitis, chronic venous insufficiency leading to edema, eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, and venous ulcers. Varicose vein surgery is characterized by a high recurrence rate of 20 % to 60 % after 5 years and even higher after longer periods of observation. Recurrence may be due to several causes like inaccurate initial diagnosis, progression of disease, inadequate initial surgery, altered venous dynamics, and neovascularisation. METHODS In this cross sectional single center study, 100 patients above 18 years of of age of both genders presenting with complications of varicose veins and cases of postoperative recurrent varicose veins were included. This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Sri Venkateswara Ramnarayan Ruia Government General Hospital (SVRRGGH), Tirupati, over a period of one year. RESULTS In the present study, the great saphenous vein (GSV) was involved in 85 % of cases, the short saphenous vein (SSV) in 2 %, and both long and short saphenous in 9 %. The commonest complication was edema in 88 % of the patients, followed by 43 % with eczema. Recurrent varicose veins were seen in 4 % of patients. CONCLUSIONS Complications were more common in our setting at the time of presentation. Variable anatomy of the venous system of the lower limb makes prior duplex scan assessment compulsory in the surgical management of cases. Surgical management is to be planned properly after complete evaluation and should be planned at the right time, as it is a progressing clinical entity. KEYWORDS Varicose Veins, Complications, Recurrence, Management
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Satna, Soumya, Ramadevi Devagudi, Ramu Pedada, and Narayana Lunavath. "Spectrum of Multi-Organ System Involvement in Perinatal Asphyxia at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India - A Descriptive Study." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 35 (August 30, 2021): 3230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/587.
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BACKGROUND Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an important cause of neonatal morbidity, mortality, and neurologic handicap in children. Dysfunction of organs other than central nervous system is often recognised after perinatal asphyxia and manifests as hypoxic ischaemic insults to heart, lungs, kidneys and bowel. The purpose of this study was to assess the spectrum of multi-organ system involvement in perinatal asphyxia. METHODS This observational, descriptive study was conducted at SVRRGGH (Sri Venkateswara Ramnarayan Ruia Government General Hospital) - Tirupati from October 2010 to September 2011 and has Institutional Ethics Committee approval (Regd. No: 58647, Dt: 20 / 11 / 2010). After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 204 neonates diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia who got admitted in our newborn intensive care unit (NICU) were included in this study. RESULTS In the present study, we had 118 (57.89 %) male babies and 86 (42.11 %) female babies. The mean birth weight was 2640 +/- 460 grams. Infants of birth weight 2500 - 4000 grams (appropriate for gestational age - AGA) accounted for 202 (98.96 %). Major maternal risk factors in this study were MSAF (meconium-stained amniotic fluid (66/204, 32.4 %), PIH (pregnancy induced hypertension) and Eclampsia (26/204, 12.7 %) and PROM (premature rupture of membranes) (26/204, 12.7 %). In the present study, we found higher mortality (19/117, 16.2 %) in babies born to multiparous mothers. Respiratory system involvement was seen in 80 (39.2 %) infants. Renal involvement was observed in 58 (27.5 %) infants. Acute renal failure was diagnosed in 22 (10.8 %) cases. CVS (cardiovascular system) involvement was seen in 56 (27.5 %) cases where as GIT (gastrointestinal tract) involvement was found in 32 (15.68 %) cases. CONCLUSIONS Epidemiological research is needed to accurately estimate the contribution of birth asphyxia to perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in community settings where the burden of disease, due to high proportion of unattended deliveries, is likely to be larger than the hospital setting. KEYWORDS Perinatal Asphyxia, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy, Multi Organ Dysfunction, Cardiovascular System
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Pauknerova, E., P. Sidlichovsky, S. Urbanas, and M. Med. "THE EUROPEAN LOCATION FRAMEWORK – FROM NATIONAL TO EUROPEAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-181-2016.
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The European Location Framework (ELF) means a technical infrastructure which will deliver authoritative, interoperable geospatial reference data from all over Europe for analysing and understanding information connected to places and features. The ELF has been developed and set up through the ELF Project, which has been realized by a consortium of partners (public, private and academic organisations) since March 2013. Their number increased from thirty to forty in the year 2016, together with a project extension from 36 to 44 months. The project is co-funded by the European Commission’s Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) and will end in October 2016. In broad terms, the ELF Project will deliver a unique gateway to the authoritative reference geospatial information for Europe (harmonised pan-European maps, geographic and land information) sourced from the National Mapping and Cadastral Authorities (NMCAs) around Europe and including transparent licensing. This will be provided as an online ELF web service that will deliver an up-to-date topographic base map and also as view & download services for access to the ELF datasets. To develop and build up the ELF, NMCAs are accompanied and collaborate with several research & academia institutes, a standardisation body, system integrators, software developers and application providers. The harmonisation is in progress developing and triggering a number of geo-tools like edge-matching, generalisation, transformation and others. ELF will provide also some centralised tools like Geo Locator for searching location based on geographical names, addresses and administrative units, and GeoProduct Finder for discovering the available web-services and licensing them. ELF combines national reference geo-information through the ELF platform. ELF web services will be offered to users and application developers through open source (OSKARI) and proprietary (ArcGIS Online) cloud platforms. Recently, 29 NMCAs plus the EuroGeographics – their pan-European umbrella association, contribute to the ELF through an enrichment of data coverage. As a result, over 20 European countries will be covered with the ELF topo Base Map in 2016. Most countries will contribute also with other harmonized thematic data for viewing or down-loading. To overcome the heterogeneity of data resources and diversity of languages in tens of European countries, ELF builds on the existing INSPIRE rules and its own coordination and interoperability measures. ELF realisation empowers the implementation of INSPIRE in Europe and it complements related activities of European NMCAs, e.g. Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre (CUZK), which provides a large portfolio of spatial data/services and contributes significantly to the NSDI of Czech Republic. CUZK is also responsible for the Base Register of Territorial Identification, Addresses and Real Estates (RUIAN) – an important pillar of Czech e-Government. CUZK became an early-bird in implementing INSPIRE and it provides to the ELF a number of compliant datasets and web services. CUZK and the Polish NMCA (GUGiK) collaborate in the Central-European ELF Pilot (cluster) and test various cross-border prototypes. The presentation combines the national and crossborder view and experiences of CUZK and the European perspective of EuroGeographics.
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Pauknerova, E., P. Sidlichovsky, S. Urbanas, and M. Med. "THE EUROPEAN LOCATION FRAMEWORK – FROM NATIONAL TO EUROPEAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-181-2016.
Full textAbstract:
The European Location Framework (ELF) means a technical infrastructure which will deliver authoritative, interoperable geospatial reference data from all over Europe for analysing and understanding information connected to places and features. The ELF has been developed and set up through the ELF Project, which has been realized by a consortium of partners (public, private and academic organisations) since March 2013. Their number increased from thirty to forty in the year 2016, together with a project extension from 36 to 44 months. The project is co-funded by the European Commission’s Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) and will end in October 2016. In broad terms, the ELF Project will deliver a unique gateway to the authoritative reference geospatial information for Europe (harmonised pan-European maps, geographic and land information) sourced from the National Mapping and Cadastral Authorities (NMCAs) around Europe and including transparent licensing. This will be provided as an online ELF web service that will deliver an up-to-date topographic base map and also as view & download services for access to the ELF datasets. To develop and build up the ELF, NMCAs are accompanied and collaborate with several research & academia institutes, a standardisation body, system integrators, software developers and application providers. The harmonisation is in progress developing and triggering a number of geo-tools like edge-matching, generalisation, transformation and others. ELF will provide also some centralised tools like Geo Locator for searching location based on geographical names, addresses and administrative units, and GeoProduct Finder for discovering the available web-services and licensing them. ELF combines national reference geo-information through the ELF platform. ELF web services will be offered to users and application developers through open source (OSKARI) and proprietary (ArcGIS Online) cloud platforms. Recently, 29 NMCAs plus the EuroGeographics – their pan-European umbrella association, contribute to the ELF through an enrichment of data coverage. As a result, over 20 European countries will be covered with the ELF topo Base Map in 2016. Most countries will contribute also with other harmonized thematic data for viewing or down-loading. To overcome the heterogeneity of data resources and diversity of languages in tens of European countries, ELF builds on the existing INSPIRE rules and its own coordination and interoperability measures. ELF realisation empowers the implementation of INSPIRE in Europe and it complements related activities of European NMCAs, e.g. Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre (CUZK), which provides a large portfolio of spatial data/services and contributes significantly to the NSDI of Czech Republic. CUZK is also responsible for the Base Register of Territorial Identification, Addresses and Real Estates (RUIAN) – an important pillar of Czech e-Government. CUZK became an early-bird in implementing INSPIRE and it provides to the ELF a number of compliant datasets and web services. CUZK and the Polish NMCA (GUGiK) collaborate in the Central-European ELF Pilot (cluster) and test various cross-border prototypes. The presentation combines the national and crossborder view and experiences of CUZK and the European perspective of EuroGeographics.
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Adeleye, O., and P. O. Adeleye. "Beneficiary Assessment of Development Interventions Implemented by Rural Development Animation Programme in Katsina and Kaduna States, North-West Nigeria." South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics, September 28, 2018, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2018/v2i125825.
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A beneficiary assessment of the community development interventions implemented by Rural Development Animation Programme (RUDAP) in Katsina State and some parts of Kaduna State, Northwest Nigeria was conducted to determine the relevance of RUDAP’s interventions to the development priorities of the target groups and to assess the changes in the living conditions of the people due to RUDAP’s activities. The assessment was also aimed at ascertaining the level of participation of the target groups in the implementation of the development interventions by the organisation. The three (3) operational zones of RUDAP were purposively selected, and in each zone, 3 villages were selected to cover all the activities implemented by the organisation. In each village community, focus group discussions involving 15 persons were conducted separately for women and men beneficiaries. RUDAP’s interventions were support for construction of cereal bank/grain store, provision of the hand-driven borehole and sanitation enlightenment. The results showed that the interventions implemented by RUDAP were relevant to the critical issues identified by the target groups for better life namely household food shortages, poor access to potable water and prevalence of unsanitary conditions. Changes in living conditions of the target groups attributable to RUDAP’s interventions included all year round household food supply, improved family cohesion among householders, increased income through the selling of surplus food grains in cereal banks when prices were more favourable. Others were reduced incidence of water- borne diseases, elimination of drudgery associated with fetching water from rivers and ease of maintaining personal hygiene. Participation of target groups in project implementation was in the form of financial and non-financial contribution. The findings from the beneficiary assessment underscored the importance of needs assessment prior to project design and implementation as well as the involvement of target groups in planning, implementation and evaluation of community development initiatives.
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Olsen-Reeder, Vini. "He Kupu Tuku Iho: Ko te reo Māori te tatau ki te Ao." Journal of New Zealand Studies, NS29 (December 18, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/jnzs.v0ins29.6265.
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Tōia, tōia, tōia mai ko te kupenga-whāriki rangi e! Whano koe i tō kapo wairua ki runga rā he tiki noa mai i te tī, i te tā kua huri rā i te whatinga tai o te ora kia eke, eke ake! E Tara, āta whārikihia tō hao mai i Te Murumāra, i Te Wharehuia, kia ruia ki te rangi kia whetūrangitia. E Mū, e takoto. Wharehuia, e takoto. Waiho ake rā ko ō mahuetanga mai hei tiki ake i ngā mahi i makere mai i ō kōrua ringa - Ko te pō ki a kōrua, auē, ko te moe ki a kōrua!
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Suharto, Suharto. "ANALISIS BREAK EVEN POINT PADA USAHA KERIPIK SINGKONG “BAROKAH” DESA KARANG REJO KABUPATEN PESAWARAN." Industrika: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.37090/indstrk.v1i1.6.
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Abstract The purpose of an established business is to obtain profit or profit that can be used for survival. Likewise with the business of cassava chips "Barokah" in Karang Rejo Village Pesuat Pesawaran.Penelitian aims to find out how the value of Break Even Point aatu point home principal. This analysis is one of the tools used by the management company to be able to help in knowing how big a certain sales level, so the company does not get a profit and also not experience a loss (breakeven). The type of research used in this research is descriptive research with quantitative approach, the data source used is secondary data. Based on the results of the analysis can be seen that the BEP value of cassava chips business "Barokah" in the unit of 862 kg and if stated in ruiah of Rp. 10.185.454. Keywords: Break Even Point, Fixed Cost, Variable Cost
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Lokesh, Thota, V. Rushendra Kumari, and Ganta Rajashekar. "A CLINICAL STUDY OF STROKE IN INDIVIDUALS AGED 18 TO 45 YEARSIN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, November 1, 2022, 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/0707647.
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Ÿ Stroke is dened by the world health organization as clinical syndrome consisting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal (or global in case of coma) disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death with no apparent cause other than a vascular origin. Ÿ Stroke is one of the causes for high morbidity and mortality across the world. Ÿ Stroke affecting the young have devastating consequences on the individual, his family and society in general. Ÿ The predisposing factors for stroke in young are smoking, alcohol, hypertension and dyslipidemias. Ÿ The present study was undertaken to study the etiology, risk factors and clinical presentation of young patients with stroke in Sri Venkateswara Ramnarain Ruia Government General Hospital, Tirupati.
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SU Boru, 苏伯儒，刘某承，李志东. "Extra services of agricultural heritage systems ecosystem services: A case study on Costal Bench Terrace System in Ruian, Zhejing Province." Acta Ecologica Sinica 43, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.5846/stxb202108252374.
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Pahlevi, Praditya Arrahim, and Muriani Muriani. "ANALISIS YURIDIS PENETAPAN PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA ANTARA KEVIN SANGIAN HENDRIK RUMIAP DENGAN NUR REZKI ANGGRAENI AKHBAR MENURUT HUKUM PERKAWINAN YANG BERLAKU DI INDONESIA (STUDI PENETAPAN PENGADILAN NEGERI MAKASSAR NOMOR 622/PDT.P/2018/PN.MKS)." Reformasi Hukum Trisakti 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/refor.v3i1.13297.
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Perkawinan beda agama adalah perkawinan antara seorang laki-laki dan seorang perempuan yang berbeda agama. Perkawinan antara Kevin Sangian Hendrik Rumiap dengan Nur Reski Anggraeni Akhbar merupakan perkawinan beda agama. Pokok permasalahan yang dibahas adalah apakah perkawinan beda agama diatur dalam hukum perkawinan yang berlaku di Indonesia dan apakah penetapan Nomor 622/Pdt.P/2018/PN.Mks yang mengizinkan perkawinan beda agama sudah sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, bersifat deskriptif, menggunakan data sekunder bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Analisis data secara kualitatif. Penarikan kesimpulan secara deduktif. Hasil penelitian adalah pengaturan perkawinan beda agama diatur di Indonesia di UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 (Pasal 8 huruf (f) (tetapi tidak dengan tegas) dan di Kompilasi Hukum Islam diatur secara tegas (dalam Pasal 40 huruf (c) dan Pasal 44 yang menyebutkan setiap lakilaki dilarang melakukan pernikahan dengan wanita yang bukan beragama Islam dan setiap wanita dilarang melakukan pernikahan dengan laki-laki yang bukan beragama Islam) serta penetapan Pengadilan Negeri N0. 622/Pdt.P/2018/PN.Mks yang mengabulkan perkawinan beda agama tidak sesuai dengan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam, tetapi sesuai dengan Pasal 2 ayat (2) Peraturan Pemerintah No. 9 Tahun 1975 dan Putusan MA Nomor 1400K/Pdt/1986.
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Rāwiri, Āneta Hinemihi. "E kore au e ngaro he kākano i ruia mai i Rangiātea: Literacy policy for the survival of Māori as a people." Waikato Journal of Education 21, no. 1 (August 24, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/wje.v21i1.253.
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Hong, Liang, Enling Ye, Gangqiang Sun, Xiaoyang Wang, Shengguo Zhang, Yanghe Wu, Xiangao Xie, et al. "Clinical and radiographic characteristics, management and short-term outcomes of patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China." BMC Infectious Diseases 20, no. 1 (November 13, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05528-z.
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Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging viral disease. Here, we report the clinical features, management, and short-term outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Wenzhou, China, an area outside Wuhan. Methods Patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department of Ruian People’s Hospital in Wenzhou, from January 21 to February 7, 2020, were recruited. Medical data on epidemiological history, demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, chest computerized tomography (CT) examination, treatment, and short-term outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Blood biochemistry and routine tests were examined using standard methods and automatic machines. CT examination was performed several times during hospitalization as necessary. Results A total of 67 confirmed COVID-19 cases were diagnosed; 64 (95.4%) were common cases and three (4.5%) were severe cases. The most common symptoms at admission were fever (86.6%), cough (77.6%), productive cough (52.2%), chest distress (17.9%), and sore throat (11.9%), followed by diarrhea (7.4%), headache (7.4%), shortness of breath (6.0%), dizziness (4.5%), muscular soreness (4.5%), and running nose (4.5%). Thirty patients (47.8%) had increased C-reactive protein levels. The CT radiographs at admission showed abnormal findings in 54 (80.6%) patients. The patients were treated mainly by oxygen therapy and antiviral drugs. By March 3, 2020, all 67 patients completely recovered and had negative nucleic acid tests. The patients were discharged from the hospital and transferred to a medical observation isolation center for further observation. Conclusion Cases of COVID-19 in Wenzhou are milder and have a better prognosis, compared to those in Wuhan. Timely and appropriate screening, diagnosis, and treatment are the key to achieve good outcomes.
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Feng, Xiaofen, Yan Nan, Jiandong Pan, Ruitao Zou, Lijun Shen, and Feng Chen. "Comparative study on optic disc features of premature infants and full‐term newborns." BMC Ophthalmology 21, no. 1 (March 6, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01833-6.
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AbstractBackgroundTo study optic disc features of premature infants and compare to that of term infants to explore the pattern and features of newborn optic disc development and provide the basis for the diagnosis of newborn optic disc disease.MethodsThis was a prospective clinical research. Newborns underwent newborn fundus disease screening from January 1st, 2016 to October 31st, 2016 in the neonatal ward of Ruian City Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected. RetCam 3 Version6.1.25.0 Wide-Field Digital Pediatric Retinal Imaging System developed by Clarity Medical Systems, Inc was adopted to conduct fundus examination on both eyes, 130 degree wide-angle lens was used to film the images centering optic disc.ResultsFor both premature infants and full-term newborns, vertical diameter of the optic disc to lateral diameter of the optic disc ratio was > 1, and the shape of the optic disc was a vertical oval. The difference of each optic disc parameter between premature infants and full-term newborns was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There’s a difference of constitution of sclerotic ring type on optic disc between premature infants and full-term newborns. Among which, the proportion of single ring type and double ring type in premature infants was higher than that in full-term newborns (P < 0.05). The proportion of no ring type in full-term newborns was higher than that in premature infants (P < 0.05). The proportion of mixed type had no significant difference (P > 0.05) between premature infants and full-term newborns.ConclusionsWe found that The proportion of mature types (single ring type and double ring type) in full-term newborns was higher than that in premature infants. While there’s no statistical difference of the proportion of mixed types between premature infants and full-term newborns. Double ring type was a normal stage of the development of optic disc.
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Setiawan, Michael, Triwulandari SD, and Pudji Astuti. "MODEL PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMASARAN MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM (STUDI KASUS: TOKO ONLINE)." JURNAL TEKNIK INDUSTRI 6, no. 1 (February 14, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jti.v6i1.1532.
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<p>The growth of Internet users both in the world and Asia give a big opportunities to develop Ecommerce<br />in Indonesia, create more Online Shops. Through the early research in the form of questionaire and interview,<br />Online Shops have many challanges not only from competitors but also from the environment condition, Rupiah<br />to United States Dollar rates, and also the supply condition or supplier when supplying products. To support the<br />Online Shops in making decisions, designed a model using Fuzzy Inference System with Mamdani because, it is<br />intuitive and work well with human input, the model designed using MATLAB application, and for the inputs we<br />will be using Stock Condition, Demand Prediction from hystorical data, Ruiah to US Dollar rates, and Supply<br />condition, and for the outputs there will be Add stocks policy, promotional policy, contract with other supplier<br />policy and price adaptation policy, for the rules we will be using the if the rules. The Models will be verified and<br />validated with help from “Ikelashop” owner, the verification process will test if the rules given, give outputs as<br />designed, for the validation will be using Extreme Combination Test, or using extreme combination between<br />condition, face validity with help from expert to validate the outputs from Extreme Combination Test, and Turing<br />Test with comparing between model’s output and expert decision. The result are two types of Decision Support<br />Model for marketing, Critical Model and Non Critical Model that is not affected by Rupiah to Dollar Rates,<br />already verified and validated.</p>
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Ge, Lizheng, Xiangyang Zhang, Yunyun Huang, Tingke Xu, Qianru Zhao, Tingting Zhu, Jingye Pan, and Chun Chen. "Can a multitiered copayment system affect people’s healthcare-seeking behavior? A case study of Wenzhou, China." BMC Health Services Research 22, no. 1 (May 12, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08031-0.
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Abstract Background Facilitating the primary health care (PHC) system and maintaining people’s reasonable healthcare-seeking behavior are key to establishing a sustainable healthcare system. China has employed a multitiered copayment system/medical insurance differentiated payment policies to incentivize the public to utilize PHC services through its hierarchical medical care system; however, most people still prefer visiting tertiary care hospitals. We question whether the quality gap in healthcare services reduces the effect of the multitiered copayment system, which is considered an important factor in the lack of reform in the Chinese healthcare system. Thus, we explore the effect and influencing factors of the multitiered copayment system that drives primary healthcare-seeking behavior under the current situation with a large quality gap. We also consider the hypothetical situation of a reduced gap in the future. Methods This study used the hypothetical quality improvement scenario to elicit people’s hypothetical behaviors, and a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. This preliminary study was conducted in 2016 using 1829 individuals from four regions of Wenzhou in Zhejiang Province: Ouhai, Ruian, Yongjia, and Taishun. A descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square analysis, Fisher’s exact test, and multinomial logistic regression model were performed to introduce the effect of the multitiered copayment system, and to explore the factors affecting the selection of PHC institutions at pre- and post-change phases. Result The results show that compared with the large quality gap phase, the number of respondents who believed the multitiered copayment system had an effect on their selection of PHC institutions after the equalization of healthcare services quality increased threefold (from 14.0% to 50.8%). Moreover, the main determinants in people’s selection of PHC institutions changed from age and needs variables (self-rated health status) to age, needs variables (self-rated health status) and enabling variables (distance to a medical care facility). Conclusion The results indicate limited initial effects of the multitiered copayment system. However, they become more pronounced after the equalization of healthcare services quality. This study confirms that changes in the quality gap in healthcare services influence the effect of the multitiered copayment system. Hence, reducing this gap can help achieve the intended outcome of the tiered healthcare insurance schedule.
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Ramarlis, Siti Sri. "Pertanggungjawaban Korporasi Terhadap pembuangan limbah B3 (Studi Putusan Nomor 113/Pid.B/LH/2016/PN.pwk)." JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH 5, no. 2 (March 22, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jimfh.v5i2.5143.
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Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup dalam pasal 103 meyatakan bahwa: “Setiap orang yang menghasilkan limbah B3 dan tidak melakukan pengelolaan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam pasal 59, dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling singkat 1 tahun dan paling lama 3 tahun, dan denda paling sedikit Rp1.000.000.000 (satu miliar rupiah), paling banyak Rp3.000.000.000 (tiga miliar ruiah)”. Seperti halnya dalam putusan Nomor 113/Pid.B/LH/2016/PN.Pwk Hakim pengadilan Negeri Purwakarta menjatuhkan pidana kepada terdakwa PT Indo Bharat Rayon yang diwakili oleh Sibnath Agarwalla dengan pidana penjara selama 1 Tahun dan denda sebesar Rp 1.500.000.000.- apabila denda tersebut tidak dibayar diganti dengan perampasan aset terdakwa PT Indo Bharat Rayon, ditambah pidana membersihkan limbah B3 yang saat ini ditimbun di rawa kalimati dan wajib melaporkan hasilnya secara bertahap kepada Badan Tata Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Dampak pada Badan Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Purwakarta dengan biaya anggaran dibebankan kepada Terdakwa PT Indo Bharat Rayon.
Tujuan dari penulisan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertanggung jawaban pidana korporasi dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia dan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan tindak pidana korporasi terhadap pembuangan limbah B3 dalam putusan Nomor 113/Pid.B/LH/2016/PN.Pwk.
Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul dari segi hukum. Pendekatan yang dipakai dalam penulisan ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang.
Pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia adalah bahwa tindak pidana lingkungan hidup yang dilakukan oleh, untuk dan atas nama badan usaha dapat menuntut badan usahanya dan orang yang memberi perintah untuk melakukan tindak pidana tersebut. Jika tuntutan diajukan kepada pemberi perintah atau pemimpin kegiatan dalam tindak pidana tersebut maka dapat dijatuhkan pidana penjara dan denda diperberat sepertiga. Dan terhadap badan usaha dapat dikenakan pidana tambahan atau tata tertib.
Pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan tindak pidana korporasi terhadap pembuangan limbah B3 dalam Putusan Nomor 113/Pid.B/LH/2016/PN.Pwk adalah karena badan usaha (korporasi) bukan manusia sehingga tidak bisa dijatuhi hukuman pidana penjara, maka haruslah diwakili oleh pemimpin badan usaha dan badan hukum. Ditetapkannya Sibnath Agarwalla selaku Direktur Keuangan sebagai pimpinan tertinggi atau Vice President di PT Indo Bharat Rayon yang bertanggungjawab secara keseluruhan terhadap kegiatan PT Indo Bharat Rayon. majelis hakim berpendapat Terdakwa PT Indo Bharat Rayon yang diwakili oleh Sibnath Agarwalla, terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup.