Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rubbra

Academic literature on the topic 'Rubbra'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rubbra"

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Yardley, Adrian. "Cataloguing Rubbra." Musical Times 132, no. 1778 (April 1991): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/966126.

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Onderdonk, Julian, and Ralph Scott Grover. "The Music of Edmund Rubbra." Notes 51, no. 1 (September 1994): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/899209.

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Byron Adams. "Edmund Rubbra: Symphonist (review)." Notes 65, no. 2 (2008): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/not.0.0095.

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Pickard, John. "Generic Fusion in the 'Sinfonia Sacra': Redeeming Rubbra." Musical Times 142, no. 1877 (2001): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1004575.

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Więckol-Ryk, Angelika, Maciej Thomas, and Barbara Białecka. "Improving the Properties of Degraded Soils from Industrial Areas by Using Livestock Waste with Calcium Peroxide as a Green Oxidizer." Materials 14, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 3132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14113132.

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Over the past years, the treatment and use of livestock waste has posed a significant problem in environmental engineering. This paper outlines a new approach to application of calcium peroxide (CaO2) as a green oxidizer and microbiocidal agent in the treatment of poultry manure. It also presents the application of pretreated waste in improvement of degraded soils in industrial areas. The CCD (Central Composite Design) and RSM (Response Surface Methodology) were employed for optimizing the process parameters (CaO2 concentration 1.6–8.4 wt %, temperature 5.2–38.8 °C and contact time 7–209 h). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the experimental results, which indicated good fit of the approximated to the experimental data (R2 = 0.8901, R2adj = 0.8168). The amendment of CaO2 in optimal conditions (8 wt % of CaO2, temperature 22 °C and contact time 108 h) caused a decrease in bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) in poultry manure from 8.7 log10 CFU/g to the acceptable level of 3 log10 CFU/g. The application of pretreated livestock waste on degraded soils and the studies on germination and growth of grass seed mixture (Lollum perenne—Naki, Lollum perenne—Grilla, Poa pratensis—Oxford, Festuca rubbra—Relevant, Festuca rubbra—Adio and Festuca trachypylla—Fornito) showed that a dose of 0.08 g of CaO2 per 1 gram of poultry manure induced higher yield of grass plants. The calculated indicators for growth of roots (GFR) and shoots (GFS) in soils treated with poultry manure were 10–20% lower compared to soils with amended CaO2. The evidence from this study suggests that CaO2 could be used as an environmentally friendly oxidizer and microbiocidal agent for livestock waste.
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Hayeemasae, Nabil, Kannika Sahakaro, and Hanafi Ismail. "Maleated Natural Rubber Compatibilized Natural Rubber/Halloysite Nanotubes Composites." Polymer Korea 44, no. 5 (September 30, 2020): 596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2020.44.5.596.

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Chang, Mingfeng, Yixing Zhang, Jianzhong Pei, Jiupeng Zhang, Min Wang, and Fugui Ha. "Low-Temperature Rheological Properties and Microscopic Characterization of Asphalt Rubbers Containing Heterogeneous Crumb Rubbers." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 16, 2020): 4120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184120.

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Asphalt rubbers mixed with untreated and plasticized crumb rubbers and a compounding coupling agent were investigated in this study. The low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt rubbers at different aging levels were tested using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). An interconversion between linear viscoelastic material functions was used to obtain converted evaluation indexes for the asphalt rubbers at low temperatures. Lastly, the physicochemical characteristics and the microscopic morphology of the asphalt rubbers were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. In conclusion, the storage moduli of the asphalt rubbers containing heterogeneous crumb rubbers increased with the plasticized crumb rubber content and the aging level. The converted relaxation moduli were consistent with the change trend of the storage moduli, and the relaxation rate decreased as the plasticized crumb rubber content and the aging level increased. The process of mixing the base asphalt with crumb and plasticized crumb rubbers was physical blending, and the effect of aging on the absorption peak change of asphalt rubber with plasticized crumb rubbers was less than that of asphalt rubber with ordinary crumb rubbers. Aging deteriorated the blending between the crumb rubber and the base asphalt, and a distinct interface appeared between the crumb rubber and the base asphalt. The particle cores of the plasticized crumb rubber in the asphalt rubber were difficult to maintain. Furthermore, as the plasticized crumb rubber content increased, more fine particles stripped off the plasticized crumb rubber after aging.
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Sokolova, M. D., A. F. Fedorova, and V. V. Pavlova. "Research of Influence of Plasticizers on the Low-Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Rubbers." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.459.

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In this paper, influence of new plasticizers on the mechanical and low-temperature properties of rubbers is studied. The subjects of the research are rubbers based on BNKS-18 butadiene-nitrile rubber and Hydrin T-6000 epichlorohydrin rubber (ECHR). As used plasticizers: DINP (diisononylphthalate), TOTM (trioctyltrimellitate), DOA (dioctyladipate), Alphaplast (complex plasticizer based on esters of organic alcohols and acids). For identification the efficiency, rubbers with the studied plasticizers compared with standard rubber, in which plasticizers have not introduced, as well as with rubber in which a widely used industrial plasticizer DOF (dioktilphthalate) was added. Research of the mechanical properties of rubbers based on BNKS-18 showed that the introduction of plasticizers leads to an increase in elasticity and a slight decrease in the strength of rubbers and on the contrary for rubbers based on ECHR. Low-temperature properties of rubbers with all studied plasticizers have an increased level in comparison with standard rubber. In rubber based on BNKS-18, the highest values of the coefficient of frost resistance at-45°C are observed with the introduction of plasticizers Alphaplast and DOA, an increase in the index compared to standard rubber is more than 50%. The same plasticizers have shown the greatest contribution to the increase in frost resistance of rubbers based on ECHR.
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Ismail, Muhammad Sopyan, Aldi Nur Rahman, Aulia Hanna Farhatin, Malikhatun Khasanah, and Diah Nugraheni. "Rubble BricQ (Briket Limbah Daun Karet) Sebagai Inovasi Bahan Bakar Alternatif Masa Kini." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v6i1.635.

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<p><strong>Rubber leaf waste is often found in rubber plantations and is considered of no value to the community. Rubble BricQ (Rubber Leaf Waste Briquettes) is an innovative alternative fuel today by utilizing rubber leaf waste that does not pollute the environment and the price is affordable. Briquettes can replace some of the uses of kerosene and LPG gas such as food processing, drying, burning, and heating. The purpose of this study was to find out how to make Rubble BricQ (Rubber Leaf Waste Briquettes) as an alternative fuel today which is packaged in video form due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research phase begins by collecting the materials needed to make a Rubble BricQ (Rubber Leaf Waste Briquette) video through digital searches (internet). The result of this research is to know how to make Rubble BricQ (Rubber Leaf Waste Briquettes) as an alternative fuel today through video. Therefore, it can be concluded that Rubble BricQ is made by burning rubber leaf waste into charcoal, pounding it until smooth, adding tapioca flour, molding, drying it to dry, and the results can be used immediately.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em> - Briquettes, Rubber Leaves, Rubble BricQ.</em></p>
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Dulina, O. A., A. D. Tarasenko, A. M. Bukanov, and A. A. Ilyin. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE METHOD OF RUBBER ISOLATION FROM LATEX ON THE PROPERTIES OF ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS BASED ON BUTADIENE-NITRILE RUBBERS." Fine Chemical Technologies 12, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2017-12-4-85-90.

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The properties of butadiene-nitrile rubbers obtained by various methods of synthesis and isolation from latex and rubbers based on them were studied in the article. The surface free energy of samples was determined using the Owens, Wendt, Rabel and Kaelble method. It was shown that the surface energy of elastomeric materials is affected 1) by non-rubber components, the content and nature of which are determined by the method of obtaining and isolating rubber from latex and 2) by the number of nitrile groups in the rubber macromolecule. The kinetics of vulcanization of rubber compounds based on the investigated rubbers has been studied. It was shown that rubber compounds based on rubbers containing a residual emulsifier are vulcanized longer. Elastic-strength properties were studied, and it was concluded that rubbers based on butadienenitrile rubbers synthesized by various methods with the same content of bound nitrilacrylic acid have different physico-mechanical properties and cannot be used interchangeably without changing the formulation and technological parameters of their processing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rubbra"

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Yun, Hee Sun. "An Orchestral Approach to Johannes Brahms' "Variationen und Fuge über ein Thema von Händel," Op. 24: Orchestral Transcription as an Interpretive Tool." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1752377/.

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This dissertation provides an interpretive guide to Variationen und Fuge über ein Thema von Händel, Op. 24, written in 1861 by Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), in orchestral terms, using as basis the orchestral transcription by Edmund Rubbra (1901–1986), published as his Op. 47 in 1938. Not only does Brahms' Variationen present players with considerable pianistic difficulties, its intense harmonic and polyphonic structures make the music sound symphonic. The English composer Edmund Rubbra, a great Brahms enthusiast, transcribed the work for orchestra. The transcription in effect represents Rubbra's interpretation of the piano work as well as his respect for it. When both orchestra and piano versions of a composition exist, pianists may obtain essential musical ideas from studying the orchestral version, just as it is advisable for conductors to study the piano versions of symphonic works, not only those arranged by the composer. Brahms himself was not only a composer but also a pianist and conductor. It is possible that he imagined orchestral sound when composing large-scale piano works such as his Variationen. New experiments in interpretation can offer a refreshing perspective. This study focuses on elements from Rubbra's orchestral version of Variationen that can inform pianists' interpretation.
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Perkins, Tedrow Lewis. "British Pastoral Style and E.J. Moeran's Fantasy Quartet: A Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of J.S. Bach, B. Britten, L. Foss, G. Handel, A. Marcello, E. Rubbra, C. Saint-Saens, and Others." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331812/.

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British musical style changed dramatically after 1880 primarily due to factors which may be subsumed under the general heading of nationalism. This change from an essentially Germanic style has been termed the British musical renaissance by many writers on the subject. Within this new musical language, several distinctive substyles arose. One of these, British pastoral style, has been alluded to by Frank Howes and others, but these allusions do not contribute to an understanding of the works purportedly belonging to that style. It is the purpose of this study to define British pastoral style and examine its relation to the British musical renaissance. The method employed for defining style will be that of Jan LaRue's as described in his Guidelines for Style Analysis. What is British pastoral style? Judging from the literature, British pastoral style is a type of British music written between 1900 and 1950 which evokes pastoral images, especially those associated with the British landscape. A stylistic analysis of selected works will define British pastoral style through enumeration and discussion of the style's musical constituents. A more refined definition of British pastoral style is achieved by an in-depth analysis of E. J. Moeran's Fantasy Quartet, which represents a large portion of British pastoral music, that is, works featuring the oboe. Finally, an examination of British pastoral style's relation to the British musical renaissance will reveal reasons for this particular manifestation of British musical style.
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Goodall, John W. (John Williams). "A Stylistic Analysis of Charles Martin Loeffler's Deux Rapsodies for Oboe, Viola and Piano, L'étang and La cornemuse, After Poems by Maurice Rollinat: A Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works by E. Rubbra, D. Beaty, B. Britten, W.A. Mozart, and Others." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332159/.

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At the turn of this century, Charles Martin Loeffler (1861-1935) was considered to be among the finest of the handful of well-known American composers of the time. His music was often performed by major symphony orchestras, chamber groups and solo artists. Deux rapsodies for Oboe, Viola and Piano: L'Etang and La Cornemuse, after poems by Maurice Rollinat (1846-1903), show Loeffler's affinity for programmatic concepts. These works, completed in 1901, are revisions of settings of 1898 for low voice, clarinet, viola and piano, and are now, unfortunately, out of print; but the oboe, viola and piano setting has been published (originally as Deux rapsodies by G. Schirmer, 1905; the latest edition, Two Rhapsodies, is by McGinnis and Marx, N.Y., 1979) and recorded several times. Loeffler has reflected Rollinat's poetry in his settings by means of melodic, rhythmic and harmonic devices unique to his style. Formal and articulative devices also tend to point to his dependence on the poetry as a source of inspiration and as means for defining the final musical product. Indeed, the music seems incapable of existence independent of its source in the richly imagistic poetry of Rollinat.
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Mikrut, Marek. "Low surface energy rubber materials relationship between network architecture and tack of silicone rubbers /." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/58028.

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Intharapat, Punyanich. "Thermoplastic natural rubbers based on natural rubber (NR) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with natural rubber-graft- poly(dimethyl(methacryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMMMP) as compatibilizer." Le Mans, 2009. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2009/2009LEMA1005.pdf.

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Des copolymères greffés à base de caoutchouc naturel (NR) et de poly(acryloyloxyméthylphosphonate de diméthyle) (NR-g-PDMAMP), de poly(méthacryloyloxyéthylphosphonate de diméthyle) (NR-g-PDMMEP) et de poly(méthacryloyloxyméthylphosphonate de diméthyle) (NR-gPDMMMP), ont été synthétisés en milieu latex selon la méthode dite « grafting from » à partir de sites amorceurs photosensibles N ,Ndiéthyldithiocarbamate préalablement introduits le long des chaînes 1,4-polyisoprène du caoutchouc naturel. Des études de compatibilisation des mélanges caoutchouc naturel (NR) / copolymère d'éthylène - acétate de vinyle (EV A) ont par la suite été envisagées avec le copolymère NR-gPDMMMP, choisi comme agent compatibilisant. Elles ont été effectuées sur des mélanges simples 50/50 NR/EV A, mais aussi des mélanges dynamiquement vulcanisés 40/60 NR/EVA. Dans les deux cas,les influences du taux de greffage du NR-g-PDMMMP (71, 80, 89, et 95%) et du taux de chargement en compatibilisant (0, 1,3,5,7,9,12, et 15 % en poids par rapport au NR) sur les propriétés rhéologiques, dynamiques, mécaniques, morphologiques, et thermiques, ont été étudiées. Les meilleurs effets de compatibilisation ont été observées avec un copolymère NR-g-PDMMMP ayant un taux de greffage de 80 %, pour un taux de chargement de 7 % dans le cas du mélange simple 50/50 NR/EV A et de 9 % dans celui du mélange dynamiquement vulcanisé 40/60 NR/EV A. Les études microscopiques par SEM des mélanges ont montré une réduction de la taille des domaines. Il a aussi été noté que la stabilité thermique du mélange NR/EVA se trouve renforcée avec l'incorporation du NR-g-PDMMMP
Graft copolymers of natural rubber and poly(dimethyl(acryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMAMP), natural rubber and poly(dimethyl(methacryloyloxyethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMMEP), and natural rubber and poly(dimethyl(methacryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMMMP), were prepared in latex medium via a "grafting from" methodology based on the photopolymerization of vinyl monomers initiated from N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate groups previously bound in side position of the 1,4-polyisoprene chains of natural rubber. Thereafter, compatibilization studies of natural rubber (NR) / ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EV A) blends were considered using NR-g-PDMMMP as a blend compatibilizer. The investigations were carried out on two categories of blends : uncured 50/50 and dynamically cured 40/60 NR/EV A blends. Ln the two cases, the influences of NR-g-PDMMMP grafting rates (i. E. , 71, 80, 89, and 95 %) and of loading level in compatibilizer (i. E. , 0, 1,3,5,7,9,12, and 15 wt% compared to NR) on rheological, dynamical, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties, were studied. The best compatibilization effects were observed with a NR-g-PDMMMP having a grafting rate equal to 80 %, at a loading level of 7 wt% for 50/50 uncured blend and 9 wt% for 40/60 dynamically cured blend. In these conditions, the highest complex viscosity (positive deviation), tensile strength, and elongation at break, as well as the lowest values of tension set and tan d (damping factor), were observed. SEM micrographs of compatibilized blends showed a size decrease of the domains. It was also noted that the thermal stability of NR/EV A blends was improved by incorporating NR-g-PDMMMP
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Gartshore, James. "Biodegradation of plasticizers by rhodotorula rubra." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33968.

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The degradation of plasticizers by the yeast Rhodotorula rubra J-96-1 (ATCC 9449) was studied in the presence of a water-soluble substrate (glucose). The plasticizers studied included bis 2-ethylhexyl adipate (B(EH)A), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and terephthalate (DOTP), which are in widespread use. In addition, the degradation of two less common plasticizers, di-propylene glycol dibenzoate (D(PG)DB) and di-ethylene glycol dibenzoate (D(EG)DB), were studied. It has been proposed that the latter plasticizers be used as alternatives to the commonly used plasticizers, which have been associated with negative environmental impacts.
The degradation of D(PG)DB or D(EG)DB led to a significant increase in solution toxicity. This increase in toxicity was associated with the production of metabolites resulting from the incomplete breakdown of the original plasticizers. The metabolites responsible for the acute toxicity in the D(PG)DB system were identified as isomers of di-propylene glycol monobenzoate. A mechanism for the formation of this metabolite was proposed. Although the metabolite observed when D(EG)DB was being degraded was not isolated, it was tentatively identified as di-ethylene glycol monobenzoate by analogy to the D(PG)DB system. This same metabolite was observed when D(EG)DB was degraded by the fungus, Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642-U.
In contrast, there were no observable metabolites nor increases in toxicity in the media during the degradation of B(EH)A, DOP, or DOTP by R. rubra. These observations also differ from those of earlier work in which it was reported that the degradation of all three of these plasticizers by bacteria resulted in the production of toxic metabolites.
Collectively, these results do not support the use of D(PG)DB and D(EG)DB as environmentally safe alternatives to B(EH)A, DOP or DOTP.
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Lewan, Michael Victor. "Crosslink density distributions in natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32972.

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An NMR technique has recently been developed to determine the crosslink density in each phase of a polymer blend. This work uses the NMR method to study natural rubber (NR)/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) blends, in order that the cure system used to vulcanize such blends can be optimized. A standard injection moulding cure system for NR/Perbunan N1807 (18% acrylonitrile content) gave much more crosslinking in the NBR phase. To reduce this imbalance a less polar analogue of the accelerator was used, resulting in a more even distribution of crosslinks but still with a bias towards the NBR.
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Choi, Jaesun. "Ultrasonically Aided Extrusion of Rubber Nanocomposites and Rubber Blends." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1362747207.

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Lacroix, Christian 1962. "Floral development of Basella rubra L. (Basellaceae)." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65495.

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Arlett, Megan J. "Rubble & Honey." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3271.

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RUBBLE & HONEY is a collection of poems unified by its use of language driven lyricism to recount personal narratives in the life of the poet. The poems in this manuscript depict the landscapes of California, Florida, Mississippi, the South Downs of England, and Anglesey off the northwest coast of Wales. The manuscript engages with these physical spaces, how the speaker reacts to the natural world and how these locations can reflect the internal. The collection is broken into four sections: the first two explore parting, firstly from a relationship and then revisiting the poet’s childhood landscape of Sussex, England; the third is a rebirth of sorts after the exploration of these losses, a joyous look at the world that is tentative but hopeful; and the fourth section revisits the themes of the first from a more distanced perspective.
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Books on the topic "Rubbra"

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Grover, Ralph Scott. The music of Edmund Rubbra. Aldershot: Scolar, 1993.

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Benedict Rubbra: Point of balance. Wellington: Halstar, 2008.

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Choudhury, Namita Roy, Prajna P. De, and Naba K. Dutta. Thermal analysis of rubbers and rubbery materials. Edited by Knovel (Firm) and Ebooks Corporation. Shrewsbury, UK: iSmithers Rapra Pub., 2010.

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Groves, Sally. Stability and adhesion studies on natural rubber and modified rubbers. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1991.

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Fontes, Manuel Francisco. Rubra Rosa. Cape Verde: Editora & Jackye, 2005.

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Pimenta, Alberto. Planta rubra. Lisboa: &etc, 2007.

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Caiafa, Janice. Neve rubra: Poemas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sette Letras, 1996.

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Müller, Ingo, and Peter Strehlow, eds. Rubber and Rubber Balloons. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b93853.

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Belloni, Lanfranco. Da Fermi a Rubbia. Milano: Rizzoli, 1988.

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Rubble. Accra: Letters and Marks Pre Pub., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rubbra"

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "‘The natural product of a religious nature’." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 1–16. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-1.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "4Looking East." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 95–127. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-4.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "‘Point of departure’." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 17–53. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-2.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "From ‘Dark Night’ to ‘Resurrection’." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 204–40. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-7.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "Rubbra's homage to Teilhard de Chardin." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 170–203. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-6.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "‘Rather a peculiar spiritual make-up’?" In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 241–51. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-8.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "5‘Pan is playing’." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 128–69. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-5.

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Cradduck, Lucinda. "Body, mind and spirit." In Spiritual Dimensions in the Music of Edmund Rubbra, 54–94. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119555-3.

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Magill, C. Philippe, Dana K. Adkinson, and Ralf I. Schenkel. "Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites Based on Butyl and Halobutyl Rubbers." In Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites, 431–64. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118092866.ch14.

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Kato, Makoto. "Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites based on Olefinic Rubbers (EPM, EPDM)." In Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites, 465–88. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118092866.ch15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rubbra"

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Ren, Jiaxiang, Peng Cheng, and Xu Wang. "Dissolvable Rubbers Development and its Applications in Downhole Tools." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204622-ms.

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Abstract Dissolvable tools have been used more in unconventional oil and gas operations in recent years. Sealing element is one of the important parts of the dissolvable tools. The dissolvable rubbers in the market either have low strength or the dissolution rate was low. A series of high strength dissolvable rubbers with various dissolution rate have been developed by CNPC-USA to meet the industrial requirements. The mechanical properties of the dissolvable rubbers were tested at ambient and high temperatures. The dissolvable rubber coupons were soaked in water, 0.3%, 1% KCl at 80, 90 and 120 °C for various durations up to 47 days. The mass, dimensions, volume, hardness, density, and tensile properties of the samples were measured after different durations to characterize the dissolution rate. In addition, the pressure rating of dissolvable rubber sealing element was tested in water environment at 90 °C or 100 °C and in oil environment at 120 °C for 24 hours. The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber sealing element was tested at 90 °C or 80 °C in brine. It was found that the tensile strength of the dissolvable rubber at high temperature was in the range of 800-3000 psi and the elongation of the dissolvable rubber at high temperature was higher than 500%, which was higher than that of the most of the commercial dissolvable rubbers. For 90-120°C rated dissolvable rubbers, the dissolvable rubber coupons were disintegrated in brine at 90 °C in 5-15 days and the dissolvable rubber was completely dissolved in brine at 120°C in 4 days. The dissolvable rubber sealing elements hold 10,000 psi pressure differential at 90 °C in water and at 120 °C in oil environment for more than 24 hours. On the other hand, the dissolvable rubber sealing element were disintegrated in 90°C, 1% KCl in 7-11 days. For 80-120°C rated dissolvable rubbers, the dissolvable rubber coupons were disintegrated in brine at 80°C in 3-10 days. The dissolvable rubber sealing elements hold 8,700 psi pressure differential for 24 hours and 10,000 psi pressure differential at 100 °C for 15 minutes. On the other hand, the dissolvable rubber sealing elements were disintegrated at 80°C in 1% KCl in 3-5 days. The pressure rating properties and dissolution rate properties of the dissolvable rubber sealing elements met the field operation requirements. The dissolvable plugs with the dissolvable rubber sealing elements have been successfully used in multiple tight-oil wells and more than 15 shale gas wells fracturing operations in China. The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber could be controlled by adjusting the formulations. The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber was independent of brine concentration. CNPC-USA has developed a series of dissolvable rubbers in the temperature range from 40°C to 175°C applications to meet different operation requirements.
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Kang, Zhixin, Chengwu Zhong, Fen Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Hidetoshi Hirahara, and Kunio Mori. "Joining Property of EPDM Rubber/Cast Iron Adherend by Functional Polymeric Nanofilm." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21549.

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Joining of rubbers to metals are mainly divided into indirect joining and direct joining. Indirect joining with adhesives is unsuitable for complicated shape components and many adhesives are bad for the environment, whereas direct joining without any adhesive can overcome those problems. Polymer plating of 6-diallylamino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithiol monosodium salt was employed for the fabrication of nanoscale film on the surface of high ductile spheroidal-graphite cast iron. With the prepared nanofilm having the affinity to EPDM rubber, direct joining of EPDM rubber/cast iron with good peel property and service performance was obtained in the process of crosslinking. The effect of crosslinking temperature on property of EPDM rubber/cast iron adherend was analyzed. It was found that the optimal crosslinking temperature is 418 K and crosslinking time is 7 min. Direct joining of rubbers/metals is suitable for adhering of complicated shape metallic parts/rubbers and for micro-joining of engineering assemblies.
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Poonsawat, Worapong, Sirilux Poompradub, and Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai. "Preparation of sulfonic acid-containing rubbers from natural rubber vulcanizates." In International Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2013 and the Twelfth Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics, edited by Somnuk Sirisoonthorn. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2054228.

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4

Shangguan, Wen-Bin, Yumin Wei, Subhash Rakheja, Xu Zhao, Jun-wei Rong, and Ya-jie Wang. "A Study on Calculation Method of Natural Frequency for Rubber Damped Torsional Vibration Absorbers." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37646.

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The natural frequency is the key performance parameters of a rubber materials damper, and it is determined by the static and dynamic shear properties of the rubber materials (rubber ring) and the moment of inertia of the inertia ring. The rubber ring is usually in compression state, and its static and dynamic shear properties are dependent on its sizes, compression ratio and chemical ingredients. A special fixture is designed and used for measuring static and dynamic shear performance of a rubber ring under different compression ratios in the study. To characterize the shear static and dynamic performances of rubbers, three constructive models (Kelvin-Voigt, the Maxwell and the fractional derivative constitutive model) are presented and the method for obtaining the model parameters in the fractional derivative constructive models are developed using the measured dynamic performance of a rubber shear specimen. The natural frequency of a rubber materials damper is calculated using the fractional derivative to characterize the rubber ring of the damper, and the calculated frequencies are compared with the measurements.
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Esmaeeli, Roja, Ashkan Nazari, Haniph Aliniagerdroudbari, Seyed Reza Hashemi, Muapper Alhadri, Waleed Zakri, and Siamak Farhad. "Heat Built Up During Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Testing of Rubber Specimens." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88627.

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The viscoelastic properties of rubbers play an important role in dynamic applications and are commonly measured and quantified by means of Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) tests. The rubber properties including the static and dynamic moduli are a function of temperature; and an increase in the temperature leads to a decrease in both moduli of the rubber. Due to the heat generation inside the rubber during the DMA test and the possible change of the rubber properties it is important to quantify the amount of temperature rise in the rubber specimen during the test. In this study, a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model is used to predict the heat generation and temperature rise during the rubber DMA tests. This model is used to identify the best shape of the specimen to achieve the minimum increase in temperature during the test. The double sandwich shear test and the cyclic compression tests are considered in this study because these two tests are mostly used in industry to predict the rubber viscoelastic properties.
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Chen, Bo-Jen, C. S. Tsai, and Tsu-Cheng Chiang. "Compressive Stiffness Verification of Stirrup Rubber Bearing." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2925.

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In recent years, there has been an immense amount of interest in utilizing the rubber bearing system as a practical approach to seismic-resistant design. The stirrup rubber bearing is confined and bonded by stirrup equipments so as to restrict the lateral expansion of the rubbers due to axial load and increase the compression stiffness. Based on two kinematics assumptions that the horizontal plane parallel to the stirrup equipments or rigid bounding steel plates remains plane and the vertical lines become parabolic after loading, the pressure function and compression stiffness for the stirrup rubber bearing are derived. A good agreement between experimental results by the component tests and computational results by the proposed formulae has been obtained.
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Roland, C. M., P. G. Santangelo, and P. H. Mott. "Elastic Response of Rubber Double Networks." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0933.

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Abstract Double network elastomers are formed by twice-curing rubber, the second time while the material is deformed. When measured parallel to the curing deformation, the equilibrium modulus of a double network exceeds that of an isotropic elastomer of equal crosslink density. This difference increases with increasing strain. Despite the higher modulus, the mechanical fatigue lifetimes of double networks of natural rubber were found to be as much as a factor of ten higher than for the conventionally crosslinked rubber. The double network’s tensile strength, on the other hand, was slightly lower. Such results suggest that the conventional compromise between modulus and failure properties can be circumvented using double network rubbers. Their utilization can yield elastomers of better mechanical properties.
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8

Kosugi, Yutaro, Tomoaki Iwai, Yutaka Shokaku, and Naoya Amino. "Friction Characteristics of Porous Rubber Under Wet Conditions." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15234.

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In recent years, porous rubber has been used as a tread matrix for studless tires. It is said that the pores in the tread rubber remove water between the tire and the wet road surface; however, the water removal is not sufficiently well understood. In this study, a rotating rubber specimen was rubbed against a mating prism to observe the contact surface. The friction force was also measured simultaneously with observation of contact surface. The water entering the pores was distinguished by the continuity method. As the result of these experiments, the coefficient of friction for rubber having pores on the surface was found to be larger than that of rubber without pores. Moreover, the difference in the coefficient of friction for rubber specimens with and without pores tended to be larger at lower sliding speeds. No water entered pores 3mm or less in diameter at any sliding speed in this experiment. An experiment to make the rubber specimen collide with the mating prism was conducted since actual tires seem to be deformed by the vehicle weight, such that the tire surface might contact the road collisionally. In the resulting collision experiment, the water did enter pores 3mm in diameter.
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Narita, Hiromichi, Junji Yoshida, and Kouichi Takeya. "Experimental Investigation of Temperature-dependent Behavior of a Rubber Material for Base-Isolated Bridges under Multi-axial Loadings." In IABSE Conference, Seoul 2020: Risk Intelligence of Infrastructures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/seoul.2020.289.

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<p>This paper investigates temperature-dependent behavior of a natural rubber, which has been employed for bearings of base-isolation. At first, we develop a temperature-bath for our multi-axial loading machine to keep surface temperature of rubber specimens constant. Then, we conduct a series of bi-directional simple shear tests on cylindrical specimens at different temperature levels (- 15, 0, 20, 40, 60 [°C]), various strain amplitudes and strain rates. The experimental results show that stiffness and hysteretic area are gradually reduced with increase of the temperature. This fact indicates that variation of temperature gives effective change to behavior of the rubbers. In the future, we are going to construct a constitutive model of the rubber, based on the stress-strain relations obtained in the experiment.</p>
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Benseddiq, Noureddine, Moussa Nai¨t-Abdelaziz, and Nai¨ma Belayachi. "Numerical Modelling of Cavitation in Polymer-Rubber Blends." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61258.

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In the present study we have investigated the mechanical behaviour of multi-phase solid materials by using the micro-macro computational approach. Spherical rubber particles embedded in amorphous glassy polymer matrix are taken into account as the heterogeneous composite system. In order to predict the micromechanical deformation behaviour of the composite, we propose a combination of an appropriate elastic-viscoplastic constitutive equation describing the nonlinear behaviour of the polymeric matrix with a hyperelastic model for the rubbery phase. The dependence of the macroscopic stress-strain behaviour of matrix deformation, on cavitation of rubber particles is discussed. In order to describe the cavitation of the rubber particles, a criterion of void nucleation is implemented in the F. E. code. A comparison of the numerically predicted response with experimental result indicates that the numerical homogenisation analysis gives quite satisfactory prediction results.
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Reports on the topic "Rubbra"

1

Cotter, Brian, and Scott Smith. Expeditionary Rubber Removal Capability. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada464365.

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2

Palmer, E. Baseline Risk Assessment for the F-Area Burning/Rubble Pits and Rubble Pit. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/630832.

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Brown, John P. Heartwood taper in northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.). Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rp-32.

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4

Bell, Z. W., L. Maya, G. M. Brown, and F. V. Jr Sloop. Boron-Loaded Silicone Rubber Scintillators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/812578.

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5

Bob Sullivan Mammoth Pacific, L. P. RUBBER BEARINGS FOR DOWN-HOLE PUMPS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878450.

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6

Vessel, E. M. Investigation of natural latex rubber gloves. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10188886.

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7

Melby, Jeffrey A. Damage Progression on Rubble-Mound Breakwaters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada367739.

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8

Koo, Heeseok, Alexander Brown, Tyler Voskuilen, and Flint Pierce. Rubble Fire Multi-Phase Model Development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1599979.

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9

Rochelle, J. Enhanced Stuffing Box Rubbers Test Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/800949.

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10

Sloan, James M. Butyl Rubber: Compound Development and Characterization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada376816.

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