Academic literature on the topic 'RSM-BBD'
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Journal articles on the topic "RSM-BBD"
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Nayeemuddin, Mohammed, PUGANESHWARY PALANIANDYA, Feroz Shaik, and Hiren Mewada. "EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF SEAWATER BIODEGRADABILITY USING PHOTO CATALYSIS." IIUM Engineering Journal 24, no. 2 (July 4, 2023): 11–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v24i2.2650.
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Seawater pollution is a significant global environmental problem. Various technologies and methods have been used to remove the contaminants found in saltwater. This experimental study investigates the degradation of contaminants present in seawater using solar photocatalysis, where a combination of TiO2 and ZnO was used. The effects of catalyst dosage, pH, and reaction duration were assessed using percentage removal efficiencies of total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and biodegradability (BOD/COD). Biodegradability is essential for removing pollutants from saltwater and plays a vital role. The higher the biodegradability, the more efficient the treatment procedure will be. The most effective percentage reduction rates from the experimental data obtained were TOC=59.80%, COD=75.20%, BOD=23.94%, and biodegradability=0.055. For modeling, optimizing, and assessing the effects of parameters, the Design Expert based on Box Behnken design (RSM-BBD) and a predictive model based on the MATLAB adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) tools were used. The coefficient of determination R2 was found to be 0.977 for the RSM-BBD model and 0.99 for the ANFIS model. According to the RSM-BBD design, the maximum percentage pollutant elimination efficiencies were found to be TOC=55.4, COD=73.4, BOD=23.70%, and BOD/COD=0.054, but for the ANFIS model, they were TOC=59.4, COD=75.4, BOD=24.1%, and BOD/COD=0.055. It was discovered that the ANFIS model outperformed RSM-BBD in process optimization. ABSTRAK: : Pencemaran air laut adalah masalah alam sekitar global yang ketara. Pelbagai teknologi dan kaedah telah digunakan bagi menyingkirkan pencemaran yang dijumpai dalam air laut. Kajian eksperimen ini menilai degradasi pencemaran yang hadir dalam air laut menggunakan fotopemangkin, di mana kombinasi TiO2 dan ZnO digunakan. Kesan dos pemangkin, pH, dan tempoh reaksi dipantau menggunakan peratus kecekapan penyingkiran jumlah karbon organik (TOC), keperluan kimia oksigen (COD), keperluan biologi oksigen (BOD), dan kebolehdegradasian (BOD/COD). Kebolehdegradasian adalah sangat penting bagi menyingkirkan bahan cemar dari air laut dan berperanan penting. Semakin tinggi kebolehdegradasian, semakin cekap prosedur rawatan. Peratus kadar pengurangan yang paling berkesan daripada data eksperimen adalah didapati pada TOC=59.80%, COD=75.20%, BOD=23.94%, dan biodegradasi=0.055. Bagi mengkaji kesan parameter terhadap model, kadar optimum, dan memantau keberkesanan parameter, kaedah Pakar Reka Bentuk pada rekaan Kotak Behnken (RSM-BBD) dan model ramalan berdasarkan sistem pengaruh menggunakan sistem MATLAB iaitu Inferens Neural-Fuzi Boleh Suai (ANFIS) digunakan. Pekali penentu R2 terhasil pada 0.977 bagi model RSM-BBD dan 0.99 pada model ANFIS. Berdasarkan reka bentuk RSM-BBD, peratus maksimum keberkesanan penyingkiran bahan cemar dijumpai pada TOC=55.4, COD=73.4, BOD=23.70%, dan BOD/COD=0.054, tetapi bagi model ANFIS, TOC=59.4, COD=75.4, BOD=24.1%, dan BOD/COD=0.055. Model ANFIS adalah lebih berkesan daripada model RSM-BBD dalam proses pengoptimuman.
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Jawad, Ali, Mohd shafiq Bin Aazmi, and Ali Jawad. "Statistical Optimization for Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution by Cross-linked Chitosan Composite." Science Letters 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/sl.v14i2.9537.
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Response surface methodology-Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD) was employed to optimize the methyl orange (MO) dye removal efficiency from aqueous solution by cross-linked chitosan-tripolyphosphate/nano-titania composite (Chi-TPP/NTC). The influence of pertinent parameters, i.e. A: TiO2 loading (0- 50 %), B: dose (0.04-0.14 g), C: pH (4-10), and D: temperature (30-50 oC) on the MO removal efficiency were tested and optimized using RSM-BBD. The F-values of BBD model for MO removal efficiency was 93.4 (corresponding p-value < 0.0001). The results illustrated that the highest MO removal efficiency (87.27 %) was observed at the following conditions: TiO2 loading (50% TiO2), dose (0.09 g), pH 4.0, and temperature of 40 oC.
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Oramahi, Hasan Ashari, Tsuyoshi Yoshimura, Elvi Rusmiyanto, and Kustiati Kustiati. "Optimization and Characterization of Wood Vinegar Produced by Shorea laevis Ridl Wood Pyrolysis." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 20, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.45783.
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In this study, the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to investigate the effects of wood particle size, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis time on the production of wood vinegar from Indonesia “bengkirai” wood (Shorea laevis Ridl). Characterization of wood vinegar was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three variable designs consisting of wood particle size (2.00, 2.38, and 3.36 mm), pyrolysis temperature (350, 400, and 450 °C), and pyrolysis time (105, 120, and 135 min) were employed in a BBD response surface methodology (RSM-BBD). RSM-BBD results suggested that maximum wood vinegar yield would be obtained with a wood particle size of 3.85 mm, pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, and pyrolysis time of 93 min. In addition, the mathematical model indicated the maximum wood vinegar yield would be 30.31%. The main compounds in wood vinegar were acetic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, furfural, 2,3-pentanedione, phenol, 2-methoxy phenol, 2-methoxy-4-methyl phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy phenol, and 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene.
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Barah, Obinna O. "Estimating the Tensile Strength Properties of Plantain Fiber Ash Particulate and Silumin using Box-Behnken Design." IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 9, no. 2 (June 3, 2023): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/03.1.12008.
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This study utilizes response surface methodology (RSM) to estimate the engineering parameters of PFAP/silumin composites. The tensile strengths of the developed composites were evaluated using a Box-Behnken design (BBD), considering factors such as weight fraction, particle size, soaking time, plantain fiber ash particulate concentration, and silumin. The results indicate that the weight fraction of fibers has the greatest influence on tensile strength, with interaction effects being more significant than linear and quadratic effects. The predicted tensile strengths of the PFAP/silumin composites, obtained through RSM, closely matched the experimental values, validating the reliability of the software. The range of predicted tensile strengths was found to be 44.66 MPa to 64.05 MPa, while the obtained experimental values ranged from 40.31 MPa to 75.98 MPa. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the BBD method in quickly obtaining optimum values of tensile strength for PFAP/silumin composites. Furthermore, this research highlights the promising potential of utilizing waste materials in the automotive industry, particularly in East Africa. Keywords: Response surface methodology (RSM), Natural fibers, Hybrid composites, Tensile strength Agro-waste, Cellulose fiber, Box-Behnken design (BBD), Automotive industry.
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Bhandare, Snehal B., and Kirti S. Laddha. "OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION PARAMETERS FOR TOTAL FLAVONOIDS FROM GARDENIA GUMMIFERA GUM RESIN BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i11.11134.
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Objective: To optimize the extraction parameters for determining the highest yield of Total Flavonoids from Gardenia gummifera gum resin.Methods: In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) with three level Box Behenken design (BBD) was performed to optimize extraction parameters for total flavonoids. Solvent concentration(A), extraction time (B) and extraction temperature(C) were considered for single factor experiment.Results: The highest flavonoid concentration was obtained with acetone 45.00% v/v, time 101.46 min, temperature 41.57 °C. The average experimental TFC under optimal conditions was 161.14 mg/g which was in close agreement with the predicted value of 163.42 mg/g.Conclusion: RSM-BBD is successfully applied in optimizing extraction conditions for extraction of total flavonoids from G. gummifera gum resin.
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Yu, Aixin, Yuankun Liu, Xing Li, Yanling Yang, Zhiwei Zhou, and Hongrun Liu. "Modeling and Optimizing of NH4+ Removal from Stormwater by Coal-Based Granular Activated Carbon Using RSM and ANN Coupled with GA." Water 13, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050608.
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As a key parameter in the adsorption process, removal rate is not available under most operating conditions due to the time and cost of experimental testing. To address this issue, evaluation of the efficiency of NH4+ removal from stormwater by coal-based granular activated carbon (CB-GAC), a novel approach, the response surface methodology (RSM), back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) coupled with genetic algorithm (GA), has been applied in this research. The sorption process was modeled based on Box-Behnben design (BBD) RSM method for independent variables: Contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and pH; suggesting a quadratic polynomial model with p-value < 0.001, R2 = 0.9762. The BP-ANN with a structure of 4-8-1 gave the best performance. Compared with the BBD-RSM model, the BP-ANN model indicated better prediction of the response with R2 = 0.9959. The weights derived from BP-ANN was further analyzed by Garson equation, and the results showed that the order of the variables’ effectiveness is as follow: Contact time (31.23%) > pH (24.68%) > temperature (22.93%) > initial concentration (21.16%). The process parameters were optimized via RSM optimization tools and GA. The results of validation experiments showed that the optimization results of GA-ANN are more accurate than BBD-RSM, with contact time = 899.41 min, initial concentration = 17.35 mg/L, temperature = 15 °C, pH = 6.98, NH4+ removal rate = 63.74%, and relative error = 0.87%. Furthermore, the CB-GAC has been characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The isotherm and kinetic studies of the adsorption process illustrated that adsorption of NH4+ onto CB-GAC corresponded Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 0.2821 mg/g.
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Buasri, Achanai, Phensuda Sirikoom, Sirinan Pattane, Orapharn Buachum, and Vorrada Loryuenyong. "Process Optimization of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil in a Microwave Reactor: A Case of Machine Learning and Box–Behnken Design." ChemEngineering 7, no. 4 (July 21, 2023): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering7040065.
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In the present investigation, response surface methodology (RSM) and machine learning (ML) are applied to the biodiesel production process via acid-catalyzed transesterification and esterification of triglyceride (TG). In order to optimize the production of biodiesel from used cooking oil (UCO) in a microwave reactor, these models are also compared. During the process, Box–Behnken design (BBD) and an artificial neural network (ANN) were used to evaluate the effect of the catalyst content (3.0–7.0 wt.%), methanol/UCO mole ratio (12:1–18:1), and irradiation time (5.0–9.0 min). The process conditions were adjusted and developed to predict the highest biodiesel yield using BBD with the RSM approach and an ANN model. With optimal process parameters of 4.94 wt.% catalyst content, 16.76:1 methanol/UCO mole ratio, and 8.13 min of irradiation time, a yield of approximately 98.62% was discovered. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the BBD model was found to be 0.9988, and the correlation coefficient (R) for the ANN model was found to be 0.9994. According to the findings, applying RSM and ANN models is advantageous when optimizing the biodiesel manufacturing process as well as making predictions about it. This renewable and environmentally friendly process has the potential to provide a sustainable route for the synthesis of high-quality biodiesel from waste oil with a low cost and high acid value.
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Nandiwale, Kakasaheb Y., Ashwini M. Pande, and Vijay V. Bokade. "One step synthesis of ethyl levulinate biofuel by ethanolysis of renewable furfuryl alcohol over hierarchical zeolite catalyst." RSC Advances 5, no. 97 (2015): 79224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13520f.
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Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box–Behnken experimental design (BBD) demonstrated Hierarchical-HZ-5 as potential catalyst for ethanolysis of renewable furfuryl alcohol to ethyl levulinate biofuel with 99% FAL conversion and 73% EL yield.
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Huiqing, Zhang, Ye Chunsong, Zhang Xian, Yang Fan, Yang Jun, and Zhou Wei. "Optimization of photo-Fenton process of RO concentrated coking wastewater using response surface methodology." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.254.
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The objective of this study was aimed at investigating the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from reverse osmosis (RO) concentrated coking wastewater by the photo-Fenton process. The optimum extraction conditions for the photo-Fenton process by Box–Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) to establish a predictive polynomial quadratic model were discussed based on a single factor test. Optimized parameters validated by the analysis of variances (ANOVA) were found to be H2O2 concentration of 345.2 mg/L, pH value of 4.1 and reaction time of 103.5 minutes under ultraviolet irradiation. The experimental results of the COD removal under the optimized conditions presented better agreement with the predicted values with deviation error of 3.2%. The results confirmed that RSM based on BBD was a suitable method to optimize the operating conditions of RO concentrated coking wastewater.
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Luo, Meng, Jiao-Yang Hu, Zhuo-Yue Song, Jiao Jiao, Fan-Song Mu, Xin Ruan, Qing-Yan Gai, Qi Qiao, Yuan-Gang Zu, and Yu-Jie Fu. "Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic compounds from Crataegus pinnatifida leaves and evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts." RSC Advances 5, no. 83 (2015): 67532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra07445b.
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In this study, a highly efficient BBD–RSM optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with HPLC method has been established for the simultaneous extraction and determination of CA, VG, VR, ORT, RT, VIT and HYP from Crataegus pinnatifida leaves.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RSM-BBD"
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GOYAL, ARCHITA. "ANALYSIS OF EXCAVATION SUPPORT SYSTEM WITH SOIL NAIL OF DIFFERENT PROFILES." Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/20433.
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Stabilizing excavations in various soil types involved the implementation of soil nailing, which
entailed inserting reinforcement elements, such as nails, into the soil. Conventional soil nailing
systems used straight nails, but newer systems utilized helical nails, featuring a twisted shape that
offered enhanced stability and load-bearing capacity. Understanding the effectiveness of soil
nailing systems required a thorough analysis of their behavior under different conditions.
This study's primary aim was to compare and analyze conventional soil nail (CN) and helical soil
nailing (HN) systems. Both finite element analysis (FEA) and limit equilibrium methods (LEM)
were employed to study the behavior of these systems. The goal was to optimize the performance
of helical soil nailing using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and a Hybrid Deep Belief
Network (DBN)-Coot optimization algorithm. The study included conducting pullout tests and
analytical methods to compare the pullout behavior of CN and HN in cohesive soil. Initially,
stability comparison was achieved by FEA with PLAXIS-2D and theoretical calculations. CN and
HN were assessed for their factor of safety using both FEA and LEM methods. Under comparable
soil and loading conditions, the findings demonstrated that HN exhibited reduced deformation and
a higher safety factor compared to CN. The study was then extended to optimize soil nailing
parameters like inclination angle, surcharge pressure, helical pitch, and shaft diameters for HN.
The optimization study used an RSM-based box behnken design (BBD) with 40 experimental runs
obtained from RSM-BBD. Additionally, a hybrid DBN-COOT machine learning model was
developed and trained to predict the pullout characteristics of HN used in this study. The RSM BBD was performed using Design Expert software, whereas DBN-CO was developed using
MATLAB. While validating both RSM-BBD and DBN-CO models, 3% more optimization
accuracy was achieved from DBN-CO than RSM-BBD due to the use of coot optimization in
DBN's weight optimization process. Overall, the study offered significant insights into the
behavior of soil nailing systems and underscored the potential of utilizing advanced modeling and
optimization techniques to enhance their performance.
Book chapters on the topic "RSM-BBD"
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Hassan, Mohamad Zaki, Siti Amni Roslan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff, S. M. Sapuan, and Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. "Optimizing the Mercerisation Effect on the Mode I Fracture Toughness of Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo Using Surface Response Method." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 112–29. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1374-3.ch006.
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Alkaline treatment is widely being promoted to treat natural fibres and improves the fibre bundle surface for better interlocking with the polymer matrix. The aim of this study is to optimize the merceration parameter including natrium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, soaking and drying time for Bambusa Vulgaris bamboo using response surface methodology (RSM). Here, the treatment conditions were employed by the Box-Behnken design (BBD). The comparative study of the treated and untreated fibre on crack propagation behaviour, Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC) of the bamboo along the longitudinal direction test was carried out. Through the statistical analysis approach (ANOVA), it is suggested that bamboo treated with 1.5 wt.% concentration of NaOH is capable to reach the fracture toughness value up to 367.25 J/m2. It is also shown that all proposed variables for treatment in this study (i.e., the concentration of the NaOH is highly significant with the 2.85 hours of soaking and drying for 72.5 hours).
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Bajpai, Mukul, Samriddhi Sharma, and Surjit Singh Katoch. "Optimization Through Box-Behnken Design for Cr(VI) Degradation from Real Tannery Wastewater Using Graphite Electrode by Electrocoagulation." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde221008.
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The mitigation of tannery effluents is a rising issue owing to the complex mixture of contaminants and hazardous chemicals, mostly chromium. The disposal of tannery effluent into the various water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers, etc., affects the ecosystem and aquatic lives. The current work scrutinizes the performance of EC unit for Cr(VI) degradation from real tannery effluent. The chromium removal efficiency was evaluated using an iron and graphite electrode in parallel arrangement (MP-P). The iron anode was employed to generate metal coagulant species whereas, graphite served as the cathode. Furthermore, based upon factors mainly pH, current density (CD), electrolysis duration and initial pollutant concentration, the process was statistically optimized using BBD-based response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization of all the four independent variables was determined to be pH = 5.27, CD = 6.26 mA/cm2, electrolysis time = 26.7 minutes and initial concentration = 133.62 mg/L respectively based on which maximum chromium removal efficiency of 89.12% was obtained. Residual, response, probability, 3D surfaces, and contour plots were determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
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Lu, Wenjun, Shuo Sun, Ziquan Wu, Wei Chen, Xu Zhang, and Deng Li. "Effect of Process Parameters on the Kerf Characteristics of Rail Cut by Abrasive Waterjet." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde230133.
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Using Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) for rail treatment was first proposed by our research team. In order to further clarify the parametric response of AWJ on kerf characteristics including the top kerf width (ω), the kerf taper (θ) and the kerf depth (h), experiments were carried out on a section of the rail specimen in this study. Experiments were designed using the Box Behnken Design (BBD) method with three factors, which are waterjet pressure (P), traverse speed (TS) and standoff distance (SOD). The regression models were established to predict the kerf quality by using response surface methodology (RSM), and experimental verification was carried out. The results show that ω is most obviously affected by the SOD, while θ and h are most sensitive to TS. The predicted value of the model is basically consistent with the experimental value of the verification. The maximum error is less than 9%, and the average error is less than 6%, indicating that the established model can effectively predict the kerf characteristics of AWJ cutting rails.
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Kumar Singh, Bipul, Ankit Kumar Maurya, Sanjay Mishra, and Anjani Kumar Singh. "Parametric Analysis and Modeling of die-sinking Electric Discharge Machining of Al6061/SiC Metal Matrix Composite Using Copper Electrode." In Manufacturing and Processing of Advanced Materials, 114–26. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815136715123010014.
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Aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMC) are widely used in modern industries due to their lightweight, high strength, and superior hardness. In this study, silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced MMC has been fabricated using the stir casting method. Die-sinking EDM of fabricated MMC was performed using a copper (Cu) electrode. Experiments were carried out using the response surface methodology of box-behnken design (BBD) (RSM). The response surface plot was used to do parametric analysis on the effect of peak current (Ip ), gap voltage (Vg ), pulse-on-time (Ton), and duty factor(τ) on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) using a second order regression model. The interaction effect of current with a pulse on time and duty factor has a substantial effect on MRR, while the interaction of current and voltage has a major impact on Ra, according to ANOVA. The increase of current increases both MRR and Ra. In the case of pulse-on-time, the value of Ra begins to decrease after 150 µs when the machining is performed at low voltage (40 V).
Conference papers on the topic "RSM-BBD"
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Chew, See Khai, Wen Hui Teoh, Sok Lai Hong, and Rozita Yusoff. "Difference of Rutin Content in the Leaf of Male and Female Carica papaya Linn. using Microwave Assisted Extractive (MAE) Method." In International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.141.14.
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The extraction of rutin from the leaf of male and female Carica papaya Linn. was conducted using Microwave Assisted Extractive (MAE) method. Box Behnken Design (BBD) was selected to design the experiment in order to achieve the objective of this paper. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was chosen to monitor the relationship between extraction parameters and response. Parameters involved in this study were irradiation time, min (), ethanol concentration, % (), S/L ratio of papaya leaf/ethanol, wt./wt. (), and particle size, µm (). By using BBD and RSM, second order polynomial models were developed to calculate rutin yields based on conditions provided. High coefficient of determination (R2) and adj-R2 acquired indicating high accuracy of the models generated to calculate relative responses based on parameters inputted. Insignificant lack-of-fit at p > 0.05 further point to the high precision of the models. Extraction parameters were optimized with the goal of extracting highest yields of rutin under the most optimal conditions before comparing the result of male and female leaf. Higher concentration of rutin was observed to be extracted from 1 gram of female leaf compared to male leaf. As a conclusion, female leaf was determined to contain higher concentration of rutin for its reproductive effort.
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"Optimization of bioethanol production from papaya waste through fermentation using response surface methodology (RSM)." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-10.
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Abstract. There is a growing pressure for the development of sustainable and environmental-friendly source of energy such as ethanol that could substitute the depleting fossil fuels. Papaya waste including papaya seed and papaya peel is one of the main fruit wastes in Southeast Asia which has great potential to be utilized as substrate for bioethanol production. In this study, papaya waste was fermented to produce bioethanol using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. The effect of pH, temperature, and incubation time on bioethanol production was studied within the range of 3.0-6.0, 25-45°C and 24-96 h, respectively. These parameters were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken Design (BBD). It was found that a maximum ethanol concentration of 0.2224 g/ml was obtained from papaya waste at pH 4.5, 45°C and 24 hours. The significance of the parameters increased from incubation time, pH to temperature.
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Japtap, Shubhangi Ramling, Ameeta Ravikumar, Gouri Raut, and Ravi Kumar. "Statistical Optimization of Media for Enhancing Intracellular Lipid Content in Yarrowia Lipolytica NCIM 3589 Grown on Waste Cooking Oil for Biodiesel Production." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/yckc2922.
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The model oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is capable of assimilating and metabolizing hydrophobic substrates and shown the ability to accumulate high amount of lipids for biodiesel production. In the present study, an effective hybrid RSM optimization strategy for media optimization for Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 grown on waste cooking oil (WCO) and glucose were undertaken to increase its lipid content for biodiesel production. Physico-chemical properties of varied WCO batches were determined and their effect on lipid accumulation in yeast studied. Low variation in lipid content was found in different batches ranging between 25-35% of dry biomass. As lipid content was dependent on extraction methods, different methods were evaluated to maximize yields and a modified acid hydrolysis method (42% lipid content of dry biomass) employed. Lipid accumulation media (LAM) components were initially chosen for a first level of statistical optimization by Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) of experiments using glucose or WCO as carbon sources. The WCO media gave significant increase (5.25 fold) in lipid accumulation when compared to glucose. The most significant factors identified media by PBD, namely, Na2HPO4, NH4Cl, yeast extract and chosen for a second level of optimization studies with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Response surface analysis and ANOVA were used to obtain the best-fit quadratic model and brought out the nature of the interactions amongst the three variables. Validation experiments of the model showed that lipid content in 120 h increased from 45.1% in the pre-optimized to 64.5% in optimized media. The FAME profile and fuel properties of the biodiesel were evaluated and found to be in accordance with international standards. The results obtained here after medium optimization hold promise in biodiesel production as the carbon source WCO used is a renewable substrate which not only is abundantly available and cheap, but also addresses the problem of waste disposal.
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Jiang, Yan, Zhi Tao, Haiwang Li, and Zhiyu Zhou. "Shape Optimization of the Laidback Fan-Shaped Film Cooling Hole on Pressure Surface of Turbine Guide Vane." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82358.
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Abstract The present study employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to explore the effect of the shape parameters of fan-shaped holes on film cooling effectiveness, and the optimum values and variation laws of each shape parameter to maximize the averaged film cooling effectiveness were presented. Meanwhile, experimental verification was used in the optimum holes and reference cylindrical holes. Among the shape parameters of a laidback fan-shaped film hole, the injection angle, the hole diameter and the hole length were fixed as 30 degrees, 0.5 millimeter and 2 millimeters, respectively, and the three shape parameters, the forward expansion angle, the lateral expansion angle, and the shaped-length ratio, were selected as design variables by the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) method. And RSM (Response Surface Methodology) was used to obtain the optimized values of each parameter. Results show that the film cooling effectiveness of the optimized hole (15-20-0.25) was higher than that of the reference cylindrical holes by 336%. The factors influence analysis showed the film cooling effectiveness increased as the forward expansion angle increased, and increased and then decreased with the lateral expansion angle and the shaped-length ratio. The points of the change in trends were when the lateral expansion angle was almost equal to 15 degrees and the shaped-length ratio was nearly 0.475, respectively. Moreover, there was the oscillation of the film cooling effectiveness distribution, possibly due to the asymmetric and irregular distribution of velocity w of the injected coolant along the downstream direction, when the holes outlet area was excessive. In general, the variation laws were not monotonous; therefore, all shape parameters should be considered simultaneously to achieve shape optimization of the laidback fan-shaped film cooling hole on pressure surface of turbine guide vane.