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Relevant bibliographies by topics / ROUTING STRATEGIES

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Academic literature on the topic 'ROUTING STRATEGIES'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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Scheideler, C., and B. Vöcking. "Universal Continuous Routing Strategies." Theory of Computing Systems 31, no. 4 (July 1, 1998): 425–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002240000096.

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Hose, Katja, Christian Lemke, and Kai-Uwe Sattler. "Maintenance strategies for routing indexes." Distributed and Parallel Databases 26, no. 2-3 (July 9, 2009): 231–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10619-009-7048-5.

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Tarhini, Hussein, and Douglas R. Bish. "Routing Strategies Under Demand Uncertainty." Networks and Spatial Economics 16, no. 2 (May 14, 2015): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11067-015-9293-7.

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Atar, Y., J. Naor, and R. Rom. "Routing strategies for fast networks." IEEE Transactions on Computers 45, no. 2 (1996): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/12.485380.

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Davis, Russ E., Naomi E. Leonard, and David M. Fratantoni. "Routing strategies for underwater gliders." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56, no. 3-5 (February 2009): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.08.005.

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Yu, Song Sen, Xiao Peng Huang, and Jian Yang. "Quantization Strategies of RFID Routing in Internet of Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 203 (October 2012): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.203.148.

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This paper researches wireless RFID routings in Internet of Things based on the idea of quantization. The researches include the obtaining of routing contexts, the measurement of contexts in evaluating the performance of routing, methods for controlling the quantification of contexts, the realization of a perceptive computational model, the mergence of the security policies. Its goal is to construct a precise lightweight and perceptive model of wireless RFID routing protocols in Internet of Things, and to lay a foundation for accelerating the developments in Internet of Things.

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Amin, Ifrah, Gulzar Ahmad dar, and Hrdeep singh Saini. "Routing Strategies in Survivable Optical Networks." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 9, no. 2 (July 30, 2013): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v9i2.4169.

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Routing and wavelength assignment problem is one of the main problem in optical networks. The foremost problem is the routing problem after which the wavelength assignment is to be decided. In this paper we have proposed a routing strategy for optimization of the performance of the optical network in terms of blocking probability. The strategy proposed is better than the conventional algorithm in terms of blocking.Â

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Tyagi, Shivam, and Mohammad Ayoub Khan. "Topologies and routing strategies in MPSoC." International Journal of Embedded Systems 5, no. 1/2 (2013): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2013.052154.

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Branke, Jürgen, Martin Middendorf, Guntram Noeth, and Maged Dessouky. "Waiting Strategies for Dynamic Vehicle Routing." Transportation Science 39, no. 3 (August 2005): 298–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.1040.0095.

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Gui, Bo, Lin Dai, and Leonard J. Cimini. "Routing strategies in multihop cooperative networks." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 8, no. 2 (February 2009): 843–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2009.071030.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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Laws, Christopher Neil. "Dynamic routing in queueing networks." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385435.

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Teh, Yih-Choung. "Threshold routing strategies for queueing networks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302108.

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Pritchard, David John. "Toplogies and routing strategies for transputer networks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333532.

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Markstedt, John-John. "Emergent Routing Strategies in the Lightning Network." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-165165.

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In payment channel networks, such as the Bitcoin native Lightning Network, the routing nodes receive a fee as compensation for displaced liquidity, time value of money and operational costs. Currently this fee is manually set procuring sub optimal profits to the node operator. The network dynamics may be modeled as a graph and each node as an actor utilizing strategies in fee price setting, preferential attachment, timing, allocation and funding akin to game theoretic models. Further assuming rational actors and strategy propagation are proportional to population suggest similar methodology to evolutionary game theory where a strategy’s fitness will emerge as a fraction of population size. A simulation study was performed where strategies were played against each other to find emergent equilibria under competitive market pressure. Where such equilibrium may lie have further consequences for the network in form of total throughput, routing cost and robustness. This study suggests a model for the optimal fee price and that a robust network topology with short average paths along with an exponential revenue distribution will emerge from a selection bias induced by free competition

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Güven, Tuna. "Measurement-based optimal routing strategies on overlay architectures." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3657.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.
Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Bagula, Antoine B. "Hybrid Routing in Next Generation IP Networks : QoS Routing Mechanisms and Network Control Strategies." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, Department of Computer and Software Systems (ECS), Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4213.

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Alchaita, Mohammed Husein. "Routing and mobility strategies for mobile ad hoc networks." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4289.

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Alshamrani, Ahmad M. "Combined routing and product take-back strategies in reverse logistics." Full text available, 2003. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/alshamrani.pdf.

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Blixt, Richard, and Carl Lindgren. "Curbside Management and Routing Strategies that Incorporates Curbside Availability Information." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168098.

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Vehicles that today are searching for a place to stop impacts other vehicles in cities. It can also be seen that the number of vehicles that desire to conduct a pick-up or drop-off increases with an increased number of ride-hailing services. New technology routing advises for such vehicles could improve the overall performance of a traffic network. This thesis analyses therefore how a routing strategy, that incorporates curbside availability information, can impact the performance. To analyse the effects of how curbside availability information can impact a network, a microscopic traffic simulation model was constructed in PTV Vissim and two different routing strategies were developed and implemented in the model. One strategy that represents the scenario of today where vehicles searches the traffic network while attempting to make a stop at a pick-up and drop-off slot. The second strategy routes vehicles to a slot based on curbside availability information. This strategy directs vehicles to an available slot and therefore reduces the time a vehicle is cruising before a stop has been made. A simulation experiment was set-up to compare the strategies that were developed with different penetration rates of vehicles that desired to stop. The results shows that the average travel time can be reduced with up to 25.2\% when vehicles have information compared to the scenario with no information. Similar findings is identified for average delay per vehicle which is reduced with up to 49.0\% and average traveled distance decreased with up to 15.5\%. The results of this thesis needs however to be studied in a wider context in order to draw reliable conclusions. The thesis propose further investigations whether a strategy that incorporates availability information can be implemented in a real world scenario and further investigations whether an implementation of a strategy like this would be socioeconomic beneficial.

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Kaviani, Mahzad. "Energy–aware forwarding strategies for delay tolerant networking (DTN) routing protocols." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/94744/1/Mahzad_Kaviani_Thesis.pdf.

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This research addresses efficient use of the available energy in resource constrained mobile sensor nodes to prevent early depletion of the battery and maximize the packet delivery rate. This research contributes two energy-aware enhancement strategies to improve the network lifetime and delivery probability for energy constrained applications in the delay-tolerant networking environment.

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Books on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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Scheideler, Christian. Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052928.

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Universal routing strategies for interconnection networks. Berlin: Springer, 1998.

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Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore., ed. Routing strategies for BMTC buses decision evaluation using simulation. Bangalore: Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, 2007.

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International, Symposium on Urban Hydrology and Municipal Engineering (1988 Markham Ont ). Runoff quality control and combined sewer overflows: Sewer routing and modelling strategies. [S.l: s.n., 1988.

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Wolsey, Thomas DeVere. Learning to predict and predicting to learn: Cognitive strategies and instructional routines. Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon, 2009.

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Nurmaulidar. Optimasi distribusi pangan menggunakan model capacitated vehicle routing problems dan algoritma berevolusi untuk sistem informasi bencana: Laporan hasil penelitian strategis nasional. Banda Aceh]: Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2010.

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Hajjar, Wendy J. Television in the nursing home: A case study of the media consumption routines and strategies of nursing home residents. New York: Haworth Press, 1998.

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Hannis, E. Marilyn. Information literacy development: An outline of the cognitive routines and strategies taught by the teacher-librarian within the school library program. Vancouver: Vancouver School Board, 1997.

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Scholte, Tatja. The Perpetuation of Site-Specific Installation Artworks in Museums. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463723763.

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Site-specific installations are created for specific locations and are usually intended as temporary artworks. The Perpetuation of Site-Specific Installation Artworks in Museums: Staging Contemporary Art shows that these artworks consist of more than a singular manifestation and that their lifespan is often extended. In this book, Tatja Scholte offers an in-depth account of the artistic production of the last forty years. With a wealth of case studies the author illuminates the diversity of site-specific art in both form and content, as well as in the conservation strategies applied. A conceptual framework is provided for scholars and museum professionals to better understand how site-specific installations gain new meanings during successive stages of their biographies and may become agents for change in professional routines.

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Scheideler, Christian. Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks. Springer London, Limited, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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Long, Fei. "Satellite Network Routing Strategies." In Satellite Network Robust QoS-aware Routing, 41–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54353-1_3.

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Scheideler, Christian. "The routing number." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 47–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052933.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Offline routing protocols." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 57–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052934.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Oblivious routing protocols." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 73–114. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052935.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Adaptive routing protocols." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 115–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052936.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Compact routing protocols." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 139–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052937.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Oblivious routing protocols." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 167–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052939.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Introduction to wormhole routing." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 163–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052938.

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Räcke, Harald. "Survey on Oblivious Routing Strategies." In Mathematical Theory and Computational Practice, 419–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03073-4_43.

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Scheideler, Christian. "Introduction to store-and-forward routing." In Universal Routing Strategies for Interconnection Networks, 41–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052932.

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Conference papers on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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Mahalingam, Vijay Kumar. "A Simulation Study of Flexible Manufacturing System Using Dynamic Scheduling Approach." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20484.

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This paper presents a simulation study aimed at evaluating the performances of a typical Flexible manufacturing system (FMS) problems in terms of make span, average flow time, average delay time at local buffers and average machine utilization, subject to different control strategies which include routing flexibilities and dispatching rules. The routing strategies under evaluation are ‘No Alternative Routings (NAR)’; ‘Alternative Routings Dynamic (ARD)’; and ‘Alternative Routings Planned (ARP)’. The ARP rule was introduced into the FMS and coded with C++ program. The above routing strategies are combined with five dispatching rules and studied in different production volumes. Since an FMS usually deals with a variety of products, effects of changing the part mix ratio are also discussed. Simulation study was performed by using ARENA software. Finally results indicate that the ‘alternative routings planned’ strategy outperforms other routing strategies in general.

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Scheideler, Christian, and Berthold Vöcking. "Universal continuous routing strategies." In the eighth annual ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/237502.237519.

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Azar, Y., J. Naor, and R. Rom. "Routing strategies for fast networks." In [Proceedings] IEEE INFOCOM '92: The Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcom.1992.263551.

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Awerbuch, B., P. Berenbrink, A. Brinkmann, and C. Scheideler. "Simple routing strategies for adversarial systems." In Proceedings 42nd IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sfcs.2001.959890.

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Gui, Bo, Lin Dai, and Leonard J. Cimini Jr. "Routing Strategies in Multihop Cooperative Networks." In 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2007.148.

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Cornacchia, Giuliano, Matteo Böhm, Giovanni Mauro, Mirco Nanni, Dino Pedreschi, and Luca Pappalardo. "How routing strategies impact urban emissions." In SIGSPATIAL '22: The 30th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3557915.3560977.

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Frederickson, Greg N., and Ravi Janardan. "Separator-based strategies for efficient message routing." In 27th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (sfcs 1986). IEEE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sfcs.1986.49.

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Shin, Minsu, Seongik Hong, and Injong Rhee. "DTN routing strategies using optimal search patterns." In the third ACM workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1409985.1409992.

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Zyryanov, Vladimir, and Anastasia Feofilova. "Simulation re-routing strategies for congestion avoidance." In International Conference on Industrial Electronics and Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/iciee141011.

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Pegueroles-Queralt, Jordi, and Ignasi Cairo-Molins. "Power routing strategies for dense electrical grids." In 2014 11th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2014.6808859.

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Reports on the topic "ROUTING STRATEGIES"

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She, Ruifeng, and Yanfeng Ouyang. Analysis of Drone-based Last-mile Delivery Systems under Aerial Congestion: A Continuum Approximation Approach. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-014.

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This paper presents a systematic analysis and design framework for a spectrum of last-mile delivery systems that leverage unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Four distinct modes are considered: (1) direct drone deliveries from a fixed depot; (2) drone deliveries from parked trucks that carry bulk parcels to customer neighborhoods; (3) drone deliveries from nonstopping trucks that tour customer neighborhoods; and (4) as a benchmark, traditional truck-based home deliveries. We present a new continuum-approximation approach that is used for analysis of both truck routing and aerial-UAV traffic. We compared the operational cost and efficiency of different delivery schemes to reveal how a certain scheme is the most efficient under various scenarios. We demonstrate the applicability of our model on expansive real-world roadway networks and further conduct analysis on grid networks, yielding key analytical insights. The drone-based delivery is demonstrated to be superior to conventional truck-only delivery, suggesting a significant potential for socioeconomic benefit. It is observed that when servicing a relatively low demand over a small area, dispatching drones directly from the distribution facility is the most efficient method. As the demand grows or spans a wider area, collaborative strategies are preferred, as they better cope with certain aspects, such as the long line-haul cost or the ramping aerial congestion, by striking a balance between efficiency and flexibility.

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Herrera, Cristian. How do strategies to change organizational culture affect healthcare performance? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1608114.

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‘Organizational culture’ refers to characteristics shared by people who work within the same organization. These characteristics may include beliefs, values, norms of behaviour, routines, and traditions. The management of organizational culture is viewed increasingly as a necessary part of health system reform. It is therefore important for policymakers to be aware how strategies to improve organizational culture affect healthcare performance.

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Nelson, L. S., Jeri Marlowe, and David Grandin. Coping with Separation: An Analysis of Outcomes and Strategies Used by Working and Nonworking Wives during Routine Deployment. Part A. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211052.

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Wolfenden, Luke, and Laura Wolfenden. Embedding smoking cessation support in community service organisations. The Sax Institute, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/ihzq1178.

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This Rapid Evidence Summary aimed to identify barriers and enablers to embedding smoking cessation support into the routine work of community service organisations (CSOs), a setting which provides access to priority and disadvantaged groups. The authors also looked more broadly at barriers and enablers to supporting provision of preventive care targeting key chronic diseases in order to draw relevant lessons from these. The findings indicate that many factors influence the integration of smoking cessation support into CSOs and that understanding these and developing multi-strategic approaches are needed to improve care. The Summary will provide guidance to the Tasmanian Council of Social Services in developing their smoking cessation project.

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Deng, Zhuohang, Zhiliang Luo, Neil Hockaday, Ahmed Farid, and Anurag Pande. Evaluation of Left Shoulder as Part-Time Travel Lane Design Alternatives and Transportation Management Center Staff Training Module Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2153.

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Permanent capacity expansion, such as adding new lanes, is no longer a viable strategy to address traffic congestion in California; hence, ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) strategies, such as part-time use of the shoulder as a travel lane, need to be explored. The use of the shoulder as a travel lane during peak traffic hours has limited applications in the US, and most use the right shoulder as a part-time travel lane even though either the right or left shoulder (but not both) may be used. Caltrans District 5 is exploring the use of Left Shoulder as a Part-time Travel Lane (LSPTTL) as a piece of the larger project, titled Five Cities Multimodal Transportation Network Enhancement Project (FCMTNEP), aimed at congestion relief near Pismo Beach, CA. Construction is expected to begin in Winter 2025 with a Winter 2027 completion date. Given that this would be the first instance of LSPTTL in California, it is a Project of Division Interest (PoDI) for the California division of Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and the District 5 experience may guide similar future installations of the shoulder as travel lane projects in the state. This research uses a microsimulation-based approach to evaluate design alternatives being explored by Caltrans District 5. This approach allows for evaluating the operational and safety effects of each of the alternatives. Furthermore, a Transportation Management Center (TMC) operator training framework has also been developed to ensure that the local TMC personnel can effectively deploy the LSPTTL during routine operations and emergencies. Based on the operational evaluation, the study found no significant difference in travel times associated with the three design alternatives. Alternative 2, which involves the longest segment with LSPTTL among the alternatives, was found to be the safest based on a surrogate safety measure-based evaluation. This framework for evaluating design alternatives for operations and safety effectiveness may be used for future projects that involve the use of the shoulder as a travel lane. For TMC operator training, this report documents key learning objectives. A hands-on training program that involves operators executing the opening and closing of the shoulder for routine and emergency conditions was developed. As the project nears implementation, there is some scope for improvement in the training modules through replication of the exact features of the LSPTTL design and introducing more realism in the TMC simulator training exercises.

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Brown, Dustin, Jitinder Kohli, and Samantha Mignotte. TOOLS AT THE CENTRE OF GOVERNMENT:RESEARCH AND PRACTITIONERS' INSIGHTS. People in Government Lab, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-peoplegov-ri_2021/002.

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In this paper, the authors look at how the 'centre of government' (defined as "the people and organisations that support the head of government as the ‘guardians of overall strategic direction of government’, which often includes the president’s or prime minister’s offices as well as Cabinet, budget offices, etc") can add value from their position and with the tools available to them. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role not just of government generally, but in particular the essential role the centre of government must play to coordinate, communicate with the public, and navigate new problems that no longer respect the organisational boundaries we have created over time. More generally, the problems that governments need to solve are increasingly complex and horizontal, yet government is organised by vertical institutions and hierarchies. Whether handed down as a special assignment by a political leader or self-driven as part of their role, staff in the centre of government are responsible for driving forward progress on the government’s top priorities. With easy access to senior government leaders, but relatively small budgets and staff, the centre of government has a very different set of tools than other agencies. The authors present ten tools across four clusters that centres of governments can deploy: Cluster 1 tools – Planning from the centre: defining success and setting up agencies to improve Cluster 2 tools – Governing from the centre: creating structures to drive improvements Cluster 3 tools – Improving implementation from the centre: creating routines and driving change Cluster 4 tools – Improving service delivery from the centre: supporting and offering provision of cross-cutting services The tools presented focus on specific actions that the centre of government can take to drive a priority area for a leader. They go beyond the traditional areas of responsibility that are more well known that inherently sit with the centre of government.

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Madrzykowski, Daniel. Firefighter Equipment Operational Environment: Evaluation of Thermal Conditions. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/igfm4492.

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The goal of this study was to review the available literature to develop a quantitative description of the thermal conditions firefighters and their equipment are exposed to in a structural fire environment. The thermal exposure from the modern fire environment was characterized through the review of fire research studies and fire-ground incidents that provided insight and data to develop a range of quantification. This information was compared with existing standards for firefighting protective equipment to generate a sense of the gap between known information and the need for improved understanding. The comparison of fire conditions with the thermal performance requirements of firefighter protective gear and equipment demonstrates that a fire in a compartment can generate conditions that can fail the equipment that a firefighter wears or uses. The review pointed out the following: 1. The accepted pairing of gas temperature ranges with a corresponding range of heat fluxes does not reflect all compartment fire conditions. There are cases in which the heat flux exceeds the hazard level of the surrounding gas temperature. 2. Thermal conditions can change within seconds. Experimental conditions and incidents were identified in which firefighters would be operating in thermal conditions that were safe for operation based on the temperature and heat flux, but then due to a change in the environment the firefighters would be exposed to conditions that could exceed the protective capabilities of their PPE. 3. Gas velocity is not explicitly considered within the thermal performance requirements. Clothing and equipment tested with a hot air circulating (convection) oven are exposed to gas velocities that measure approximately 1.5 m/s (3 mph). In contrast, the convected hot gas flows within a structure fire could range from 2.3 m/s (5 mph) to 7.0 m/s (15 mph). In cases where the firefighter or equipment would be located in the exhaust portion of a flow path, while operating above the level of the fire, the hot gas velocity could be even higher. This increased hot gas velocity would serve to increase the convective heat transfer rate to the equipment and the firefighter, thereby reducing the safe operating time within the structure. 4. Based on the limited data available, it appears currently available protective clothing enables firefighters to routinely operate in conditions above and beyond the "routine" conditions measured in the fire-ground exposure studies conducted during the 1970s. The fire service and fire standards communities could benefit from an improved understanding of: • real world fire-ground conditions, including temperatures, heat flux, pressure, and chemical exposures; • the impact of convection on the thermal resistance capabilities of firefighting PPE and equipment; and • the benefits of balancing the thermal exposures (thermal performance requirements) across different components of firefighter protective clothing and safety equipment. Because it is unlikely due to trade offs in weight, breathe-ability, usability, cost, etc., that fireproof PPE and equipment will ever be a reality, fire officers and fire chiefs need to consider the capabilities of the protection that their firefighters have when determining fire attack strategies and tactics to ensure that the PPE and equipment is kept within its design operating environment, and that the safety buffer it provides is maintained.

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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.

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MRC Annual Report 2021 Part 1. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.b9hgs0.

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The Annual Report describes the success stories of the key achievements and progress of the Mekong River Commission during 2021 as the first year of implementation of the MRC Strategic Plan (MRC SP) 2021-2025, which is integrated with the Basin Development Strategy (BDS) 2021-2030. Despite having a difficult year in 2021 during the pandemic, some major preparatory work has been completed to pave the way for the implementation of the Strategic Plan 2021-2025. The five Strategic Priorities are identified to direct the realization of 11 BDS Outcomes and 30 Outputs by 2030. The MRC SP 2021-2025 is also based on these five strategic priorities or dimensions, namely Environment, Social, Economic, Climate Change, and Cooperation Dimensions. Each dimension reflects each SP with its equal importance to deliver BDS Outcomes and Outputs. A total of 95 routine and non-routine activities are deemed necessary to achieve these Outputs.

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MRC Annual Report 2022 Part 1. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.b8uuu5.

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The Annual Report 2022 opens a window onto the Mekong River Commission’s most significant achievements of 2022 and sheds light upon the progress that the MRC aims for in 2023. 2022 was the second year of implementation of the MRC Strategic Plan 2021–2025, which contributes directly to the Basin Development Strategy 2021–2030. After two difficult years slowed by the global COVID pandemic, MRC work with its four Member Countries largely returned to normal. The five Strategic Priority areas of the BDS: Environment, Social, Economic, Climate Change, and Cooperation aim to achieve 11 BDS Outcomes and 30 Outputs by 2030. More specifically, a total of 95 routine and non-routine activities are deemed necessary to achieve these Outputs. Each section of the content contained in this report then illuminates these five prioritized dimensions: the challenges being addressed, the objectives achieved and the advances yet to come.

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