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Journal articles on the topic 'Rotatable design'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 September 2023

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1

Kiwu, Lawrence Chizoba, Desmond Chekwube Bartholomew, Fidelia Chinenye Kiwu-Lawrence, Chukwudi Paul Obite, and Okafor Ikechukwu Boniface. "Evaluating Percentage Rotatability For The Small Box – Behnken Design." Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies 2, no. 2 (August 13, 2021): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmss.2021.2.2.3.

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Rotatability property for the Small Box-Behnken design is discussed in this paper. This paper aimed at applying a measure of obtaining percentage rotatability on the Small Box-Behnken designs to determine if the Small Box-behnken designs are rotatable or not and investigated the extent of rotatability in terms of percentage. The factors, q, considered range from 3 to 11. The results showed that for factors q, the Small Box-Behnken design is rotatable for q = 3 factors, near rotatable for q = 4, 7 factors and not rotatable for q = 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 factors.

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2

Shareef, R. Md Mastan. "A note on Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable Designs." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38512.

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Abstract: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques useful for analyzing experiments where the yield is believed to be influenced by one or more controllable factors. Box and Hunter (1957) introduced rotatable designs in order to explore the response surfaces. The analogue of Box-Hunter rotatability criterion is a requirement that the variance of i yˆ(x)/ x be constant on circles (v=2), spheres (v=3) or hyperspheres (v 4) at the design origin. These estimates of the derivatives would then be equally reliable for all points (x , x ,...,x ) 1 2 v equidistant from the design origin. This property is called as slope rotatability (Hader and Park (1978)).Anjaneyulu et al (1995 &2000) introduced Third Order Slope Rotatable Designs. Anjaneyulu et al(2004) introduced and established that TOSRD(OAD) has the additional interesting property that the sum of the variance of estimates of slopes in all axial directions at any point is a function of the distance of the point from the design origin. In this paper we made an attempt to construct Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable in four levels. Keywords: Response Surface Methodology. Third Order Slope Rotatable Design; TOSRD (OAD), Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable Design.

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3

Ugbe, Thomas Adidaumbe, Peter Akpan, Richmond Ofonodo, and Edet Bassey. "On Evaluation of Three Basic Properties of Central Composite Design." Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics 23, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v23i1493.

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This work aims at making a choice of selecting the best property of central composite design (CCD). The three basic properties of CCD are rotatable, orthogonal and slope-rotatable with four optimality criteria; D, E, A and T. A complete 23 factorial experiment with increase in center points and non-replication of axial point was used for the entire work. The software applications used to run the analysis are Minitab and Excel. Minitab was used to create CCD with the respective center points and axial distances to fit the quadratic response polynomial. Excel was used to evaluate all the optimality criteria with respect to the properties of CCD and the efficiency of these criteria. Response surface graph was plotted to interpret how good the design is with the factors interaction. The result shows that A – optimality criterion is the best optimality criterion with respect to rotatable central composite design (RCCD), orthogonal central composite design (OCCD) and slope – rotatable central composite design (SRCCD) because of the increase in efficiency as the center point increases. Rotatable central composite design (RCCD) is considered in this context as the best property of central composite design in response surface methodology by comparing the increase in efficiency of the four optimality criteria as the center point increases.

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4

Streit, D. A., and B. J. Gilmore. "‘Perfect’ Spring Equilibrators for Rotatable Bodies." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 111, no. 4 (December 1, 1989): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3259020.

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A new equilibrator design approach based on system potential energy functions is presented. This approach was used to discover a group of spring equilibrators which perfectly balance a rotatable rigid link at every orientation angle through 360 deg of link rotation. Springs are connected between a rotatable link and ground, where one end of each spring is connected to the rigid link and the other end of each spring is connected to ground. The rigid link is connected to ground by a pin joint and is free to rotate about that joint. The conditions for existence and the design equations for all equilibrators which fall into this category are developed and presented. Three designs appear to offer unique advantages over the infinite number of design options available.

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5

Arap Koske, J. K., and M. S. Patel. "A fourth order rotatable design in three dimensions." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 15, no. 11 (January 1986): 3435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928608829320.

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6

Arap Koske, J. K. "A fourth order rotatable design in four dimensions." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 16, no. 9 (January 1987): 2747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928708829536.

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7

Panda, Rajendranath. "Sequential Quality-Quantity Type Second Order Rotatable Design." Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 15 (May 2003): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0653(04)00559-1.

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8

Choi, Byungjoo, Gwangjae Lee, Kyuhang Lee, Moon G. Lee, and Yongho Jeon. "Design of rotatable direct energy deposition optical system." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 33, no. 4 (April 2019): 1833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-019-0335-9.

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9

Rotich, Jeremy, Mathew Kosgei, and Gregory Kerich. "Optimal Third Order Rotatable Designs Constructed from Balanced Incomplete Block Design (BIBD)." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 22, no. 3 (July 14, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2017/34937.

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10

Xie, M. H., G. L. Zhu, and Z. C. Duan. "Design of CNC System for Beam-Rotatable Grinding Machines." Key Engineering Materials 202-203 (June 2001): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.202-203.479.

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11

Wright, Michael, and Terry Beardow. "Design advances and applications of the rotatable cylindrical magnetron." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 4, no. 3 (May 1986): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.573888.

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12

Açıkalın, Korkut, Fatma Karaca, and Esen Bolat. "Central composite rotatable design for liquefaction of pine barks." Fuel Processing Technology 87, no. 1 (December 2005): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.04.005.

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13

Panda, Rajendra Nath, and Rabindra Nath Das. "First Order Rotatable Designs with Correlated Errors (Fordwce)." Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin 44, no. 1-2 (March 1994): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008068319940107.

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Rotatability as a desirable condition for fitting a responss surface was formally introduced by Box and Hunter (1957) who also derived the rotatability conditions (on the design matrix), assuming the errors to be homoscedastic. However, it is not uncommon to come across practical situations where tho errors are correlated, violating the usual assumptions. In this paper we confine to a first order (linear) regression model with correlated errors. We examine the concept of rotatability of this model and emphasize on properties such as weak rotatability of underlying designs. Various FORDs are examined and their robustness studied. Cost consideration also leads to interesting comparisons.

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Isaac Kipkosgei, Tum. "Construction of twenty-six points specific optimum second order rotatable designs in three dimensions with a practical example." International Journal of Advanced Statistics and Probability 8, no. 1 (February 18, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijasp.v8i1.30122.

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This quadratic response surface methodology focuses on finding the levels of some (coded) predictor variables x = (x1u, x2u, x3u)' that optimize the expected value of a response variable yu from natural levels. The experiment starts from some best guess or “control” combination of the predictor variables (usually coded to x = 0 for this case x1u=30, x2u=25 and x3u =40) and experiment is performed varying them in a region around this center point.We go further to construct a specific optimum second order rotatable design of three factors in twenty-six points. The achievement of this is done with estimation of the free parameters using calculus in an existing second order rotatable design of twenty-six points. Such a design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provides spherical information contours besides the realizations of optimum combination of ingredients in Agriculture, horticulture and allied sciences which results in economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes. The expected second order rotatable design model in three dimensions is available where the responses would then facilitate the estimation of the linear and quadratic coefficients. An example involving Phosphate (x1u), Nitrogen (x2u) and Potassium (x3u) is used to represent the three factors in the coded level and converted into natural levels.

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15

Mwan, D., M. Kosgei, and S. Rambaei. "DT- optimality Criteria for Second Order Rotatable Designs Constructed Using Balanced Incomplete Block Design." British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science 22, no. 6 (January 10, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmcs/2017/34288.

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16

Xiang, Kui, Yubin Hou, Jihao Wang, Jing Zhang, Qiyuan Feng, Ze Wang, Wenjie Meng, Qingyou Lu, and Yalin Lu. "A piezoelectric rotatable magnetic force microscope system in a 10 T cryogen-free superconducting magnet." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 093706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0100662.

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We constructed a piezoelectric rotatable magnetic force microscope (MFM) that works in a 10 T cryogen-free superconducting magnet. The piezoelectric tube is deformed tangentially and drives a bearing under the inertial drive principle so the MFM head can obtain rotary movement. Due to the novel piezoelectric design, the MFM can be hung underneath the heat sink via a soft spring, and it can be rotated in a cryogen-free superconducting magnet so that the direction of the magnetic field can be changed from 0° to 90° continuously. The system functions in magnetic fields of up to 10 T in any direction relative to the tip–sample geometry. This is the first piezoelectric rotatable MFM ever reported. Using this homemade rotatable MFM, we imaged the structure of magnetic tracks on a commercial videotape. When the magnetic field angle changes from 0° to 90°, the magnetic moments on the tape and probe tip also rotate. A magnetic field strength of 0.8 T parallel to the sample surface is required to fully rotate the magnetic moment of the tip we used, but 0.8 T is not enough to fully rotate the magnetic moment of the sample. The piezoelectric rotatable MFM is expected to be widely used to study the anisotropy of magnetic materials due to its superiority in obtaining the same high field in and out of plane (compared with a vector magnet) as well as in maintaining the same scan area precisely (compared with a mechanical rotatable MFM, especially for atomic-scale scan areas).

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17

Qin, Jian, Jiancheng Wan, Ming Jiang, Yimin Ma, and Liang Feng. "Design and Analysis of the Rotatable Balance-arm System in Crane." MATEC Web of Conferences 136 (2017): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713602004.

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18

Arap, J. K. "On construction of a fourth order rotatable design with three factors." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 20, no. 6 (November 1989): 809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020739890200603.

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19

Rybka, Ana Cecília Poloni, Sérgio Tonetto De Freitas, Acácio Figueiredo Netto, and Aline Camarão Telles Biasoto. "Central composite rotatable design approach to optimize ‘Italia’ raisin drying conditions." Comunicata Scientiae 6, no. 4 (December 29, 2015): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v6i4.993.

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Considering its high demand and limited production, raisin represents an important alternative to diversify grape processed products around the world. The aim of this study was to determine the best combination between drying temperature and time required to reach the highest consumer acceptance of ‘Italia’ raisin produced in the semi-arid climate in Brazil. The drying conditions were combinations between drying temperatures of 50, 56, 70, 84 and 90°C and drying times of 16, 22, 35, 48 and 54 hours, following a central composite rotational design (CCRD). The best combination between drying temperature and time was estimated to be 70°C for 35 hours (h), based on overall consumer acceptance. According to the statistical analysis used, drying at 70 °C for 35h and at 59 °C for 28h results in equal overall consumer acceptance, being the second option the more economical. Taste and texture, raisin chroma values and pH were more positively correlated to overall acceptance. The results indicate that drying at 59ºC for 28 h is the most efficient drying condition for raisins from ‘Italia’ grapes grown in Brazilian semi-arid condition. This study uses a new approach based on the central composite rotatable design to determine the most efficient drying temperature and time for ‘Italia’ raisins.

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20

Coelho, R. S., A. Anschau, and R. Monte-Alegre. "Kojic acid production from glycerol: Optimization using central composite rotatable design." Journal of Biotechnology 150 (November 2010): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.216.

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21

Mitrica, Bogdan. "Design Study of an Underground Detector for Measurements of the Differential Muon Flux." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/641584.

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Since 2006 an underground laboratory is in operation in Unirea salt mine from Slanic Prahova Romania. A new rotatable detector for measurements of the directional variation of the muon flux has been designed and will be put in operation at the end of 2013. The detector will be used to investigate the possible presence of unknown cavities in the salt ore. Preliminary muon flux measurements performed in the underground of Slanic Prahova salt mine show an important variation of the flux with the thickness of the rock but indicate also that more precise data are necessary. Based on that, a modern detector using 4 layers of plastic scintillators bars has been designed. The detector is installed on a rotatable and mobile frame which allows precise directional measurements of the muon flux on different locations in the mine. In order to investigate the performances of the detector, detailed Monte Carlo simulations have been performed using several codes available on the market. The simulations show that the detector can be used for measurements of the differential flux of cosmic ray muons and for the detection of hidden cavities in the ore.

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22

Książek, Ewelina Ewa, Małgorzata Janczar-Smuga, Jerzy Jan Pietkiewicz, and Ewa Walaszczyk. "Optimization of Medium Constituents for the Production of Citric Acid from Waste Glycerol Using the Central Composite Rotatable Design of Experiments." Molecules 28, no. 7 (April 6, 2023): 3268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073268.

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Citric acid is currently produced by submerged fermentation of sucrose with the aid of Aspergillus niger mold. Its strains are characterized by a high yield of citric acid biosynthesis and no toxic by-products. Currently, new substrates are sought for production of citric acid by submerged fermentation. Waste materials such as glycerol or pomace could be used as carbon sources in the biosynthesis of citric acid. Due to the complexity of the metabolic state in fungus, there is an obvious need to optimize the important medium constituents to enhance the accumulation of desired product. Potential optimization approach is a statistical method, such as the central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The aim of this study was to increase the yield of citric acid biosynthesis by Aspergillus niger PD-66 in media with waste glycerol as the carbon source. A mathematical method was used to optimize the culture medium composition for the biosynthesis of citric acid. In order to maximize the efficiency of the biosynthesis of citric acid the central composite, rotatable design was used. Waste glycerol and ammonium nitrate were identified as significant variables which highly influenced the final concentration of citric acid (Y1), volumetric rate of citric acid biosynthesis (Y2), and yield of citric acid biosynthesis (Y3). These variables were subsequently optimized using a central composite rotatable design. Optimal values of input variables were determined using the method of the utility function. The highest utility value of 0.88 was obtained by the following optimal set of conditions: waste glycerol—114.14 g∙L−1and NH4NO3—2.85 g∙L−1.

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23

E.I., Jaja, Iwundu M.P., and Etuk E.H. "The Comparative Study of CCD and MCCD in the Presence of a Missing Design Point." African Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies 4, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajmss-jf1a1dza.

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The work constructed a modified central composite design from a rotatable central composite design augmented with seven center points adapted from the work of Wu and Li (2002). The comparison of the robustness of the CCD and MCCD to missing observation was investigated at various design points of factorial, axial and center points’ when the model is non-standard, using A-efficiency and the Losses associated. The results of the evaluations of the designs to missing observations are presented, and the MCCD is shown to be more A-optimal while the CCD is more robust and relatively A-efficient to a missing observation.

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24

Gunawan, Erin Ryantin, and Dedy Suhendra. "FOUR-FACTOR RESPONSE SURFACE OPTIMIZATION OF THE ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF WAX ESTER FROM PALM KERNEL OIL." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 1 (June 17, 2010): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21653.

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The synthesis of wax ester using refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm kernel oil (PKO) and oley alcohol catalyzed by Lipozyme IM was carried out. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a five-level, four-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to evaluate the interactive effects of synthesis, of reaction time (5-20 h), temperature (20-50 oC), amount of enzyme (0.1-0.2 g) and substrate molar ratio (palm kernel oil to oleyl alcohol, 1:1-1:5) on the percentage yield of wax esters. The optimum condition conditions derived via RSM were reaction time 8.46 h, temperature 44.4 oC, amount of enzyme 0.182 g, substrate molar ratio 1 to 3.7. The actual experimental yield was 92.9 % under optimum condition, which good accordance to the maximum predicted value of 92.4 %. Keywords: response surface methodology, central composite rotatable design, palm kernel oil, lipozyme, alcoholysis, wax ester

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25

Mohammadzadeh, A., M. Azadbeh, and Sabahi Namini. "Densification and volumetric change during supersolidus liquid phase sintering of prealloyed brass Cu28Zn powder: Modeling and optimization." Science of Sintering 46, no. 1 (2014): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1401023m.

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An investigation has been made to use response surface methodology and central composite rotatable design for modeling and optimizing the effect of sintering variables on densification of prealloyed Cu28Zn brass powder during supersolidus liquid phase sintering. The mathematical equations were derived to predict sintered density, densification parameter, porosity percentage and volumetric change of samples using second order regression analysis. As well as the adequacy of models was evaluated by analysis of variance technique at 95% confidence level. Finally, the influence and interaction of sintering variables, on achieving any desired properties was demonstrated graphically in contour and three dimensional plots. In order to better analyze the samples, microstructure evaluation was carried out. It was concluded that response surface methodology based on central composite rotatable design, is an economical way to obtain arbitrary information with performing the fewest number of experiments in a short period of time.

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26

Xu, Fan, Cong Rao, and Lin Lyu. "3D Printed Rotatable Wind Chime Modeling from a Simple Polygon." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 30, no. 7 (2018): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2018.16770.

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27

M. Sail, Asmawati, Wan Aida Wan Mustapha, Salma Mohamad Yusop, Mohamad Yusof Maskat, and Ahmad Fuad Shamsuddin. "Optimisation of Cinnamaldehyde-in-water Nanoemulsion Formulation using Central Composite Rotatable Design." Sains Malaysiana 47, no. 9 (September 30, 2018): 1999–2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-07.

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28

Sauer, O., S. Wegener, and R. Schindhelm. "PO-1737 Design of a rotatable head fixation for cranial stereotactic treatments." Radiotherapy and Oncology 161 (August 2021): S1460—S1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08188-3.

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29

Núñez-Gómez, Dámaris, Flávio Rubens Lapolli, Maria Elisa Nagel-Hassemer, and María Ángeles Lobo-Recio. "Optimization of acid mine drainage remediation with central composite rotatable design model." Energy Procedia 136 (October 2017): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.248.

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30

Shin, Dong H., Seol B. Bae, Moon G. Joo, and Woon-Kyung Baek. "Design and Implementation of A Hovering AUV with A Rotatable-Arm Thruster." Journal of IEMEK 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2014): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14372/iemek.2014.9.3.165.

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31

Ngo, Thanh-An, Jinsoo Kim, and Seung-Soo Kim. "Characteristics of palm bark pyrolysis experiment oriented by central composite rotatable design." Energy 66 (March 2014): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.011.

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32

Morandim-Giannetti, Andreia de Araújo, Samantha Regina Rubio, Regina Freitas Nogueira, Fernando dos Santos Ortega, Octaviano Magalhães Junior, Paulo Schor, and Patrícia Alessandra Bersanetti. "Characterization of PVA/glutaraldehyde hydrogels obtained using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD)." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 106, no. 4 (July 31, 2017): 1558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33958.

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33

Zhao, Dai Peng, Shi Mei Wang, Yun Zhi Tan, and Xiao Ling Liu. "The Design of Movable Landslide Physical Model Testing Frame." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 1433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.1433.

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The small landslide physical model testing frame was designed and made in order to analyze the induction mechanism of landslide by rainfall and reservoir water level variation by adopting the physical model tests. It is consisted by exterior frame, internal body box, water supply and discharge pipelines, hoisting jacks and steel rollers. Some functions such as uniform sample preparation, confined effect reduction, lifting flexibility as well as water level change simulation and so on are realized through some design technologies like removable model frame, adjustable width, rotatable frame body ,mobile model frame and water supply and discharge pipeline and so on.

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Zhao, Yi Hong, and Rong Fa Chen. "Dynamic Analysis of a Rotatable Mobile Robot Based on Turning Pose." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3489.

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A rotatable wheeled mobile robot is studied to develop a ground robot applied to special rough environment, such as turning a somersault. The system structure and design are described in this paper. The dynamic modeling of turning states is inferred by Alembert Principle. Some parameters are analyzed combining driving ability. The robot’s condition of overthrow and reset is gained. The dynamic simulation analysis of the turning state are realized with ADAMS software, the main factors influencing turning function are found. The results help to design the wheeled mobile robot, which can run successfully in a complicated environment and develop its adaptability.

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35

Hari Krishna, S., A. P. Sattur, and N. G. Karanth. "Lipae-catalyzed synthesis of isoamyl isobutyrate — optimization using a central composite rotatable design." Process Biochemistry 37, no. 1 (September 2001): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(01)00161-3.

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36

Ananthasuresh, G. K. "Design of fully rotatable, roller-crank-driven, cam mechanisms for arbitrary motion specifications." Mechanism and Machine Theory 36, no. 4 (April 2001): 445–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-114x(00)00058-6.

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37

Bhuvaneshwaran, Purushothaman, and Ramaiyan Velmurugan. "Development, optimization, and evaluation of Cisplatin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles." Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials 5, no. 2 (October 12, 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/can.v5i2.1768.

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Nanoparticle drug delivery systems are engineered technologies that use nanoparticles for the targeted delivery and controlled release of therapeutic agents. Cisplatin-loaded nanoparticle formulations were optimized utilizing response surface methods and the central composite rotating design model. This study employed a central composite rotatable design with a three-factored factorial design with three tiers. Three independent variables namely drug polymer ratio, aqueous organic phase ration, and stabilizer concentration were used to examine the particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug loading of cisplatin PLGA nanoparticles as responses. The results revealed that this response surface approach might be able to be used to find the best formulation for the cisplatin PLGA nanoparticles. A polymer ratio of 1:8.27, organic phase ratio of 1:6, and stabilizer concentration of 0.15 were found to be optimum for cisplatin PLGA nanoparticles. Nanoparticles made under the optimal conditions found yielded a 112 nm particle size and a 95.4 percent entrapment efficiency, as well as a drug loading of 9 percent. The cisplatin PLGA nanoparticles tailored for scanning electon microscopy displayed a spherical form. A series of in vitro tests showed that the nanoparticle delivered cisplatin progressively over time. According to this work, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) employing the central composite rotatable design may be successfully used to simulate cisplatin-PLGA nanoparticles.

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38

Gupta, K. C. "Rotatability Considerations for Spherical Four-Bar Linkages With Applications to Robot Wrist Design." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258744.

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The following result for spherical four-bar mechanisms is proved: Let all links of a spherical four-bar linkage be in the range [0, π]. Consider two linkages—one primary (p) and another secondary (s) according to the condition αip + αfp < αis + αfs where αs = π − αp. Then the input link is fully rotatable iff αip + αfp < αc + α0, |αip − αfp| > |αc − α0| and αip + αfp + αc + α0 < 2π. An alternate form of this result also is developed. Applications of these results in determining full or partial rotatability of grippers in spherical robot wrists are discussed.

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39

Ibrahim, Peter, Mustafa Arafa, and Yasser Anis. "An Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester with a Tunable Mass Moment of Inertia." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 5611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165611.

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This paper presents a vibration-based electromagnetic energy harvester whose resonance frequency can be adjusted to match that of the excitation. Frequency adjustment is attained by controlling a rotatable arm, with tuning masses, at the tip of a cantilever-type energy harvester, thereby changing the effective mass moment of inertia of the system. The rotatable arm is mounted on a servomotor that is autonomously controlled through a microcontroller and a photo sensor to keep the device at resonance for maximum power generation. A mathematical model is developed to predict the system response for different design parameters and to estimate the generated power. The system is investigated analytically by a distributed-parameter model to study the natural frequency variation and dynamic response. The analytical model is verified experimentally where the frequency is tuned from 8 to 10.25 Hz. A parametric study is performed to study the effect of each parameter on the system behavior.

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Cheng, Xian Chun, Xiao Wei Jiang, and Zi Xuan Cheng. "Design and Exploration on Automobile Crane Mobile Counterweight Balance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1503.

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The automobile crane is a crane which is arranged on a common chassis or special automobile chassis, the driving cab and a lifting control room. The advantages of this crane is good mobility, transfer quickly. weight body truck crane is a very important part, but also a key part of the whole balance, its main function is to balance the gravity center of the whole lifting, make more stable, more safety. The current general crane are fixed weight, the weight is directly arranged motionless in the car tail, installation or transportation unloading work. This design is mainly the counterweight body is designed into a movable and rotatable, this mechanism has good flexibility, can adjust the balance weight body position, equivalent to adjust the focus of the counterweight body, enhance the lifting capacity and safety.

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Barroso, Lívia Alves, Ana S. Macedo, Iara Lopes Lemos, Nathália Andrade Neves, Marcio Schmiele, João Vinícios Wirbitzki Silveira, Tatiana Nunes Amaral, and Pedro Fonte. "Optimization of the brewing parameters on coffee extraction using a central composite rotatable design." JSFA reports 2, no. 3 (February 19, 2022): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsf2.33.

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Hoelzel, M., W. M. Gan, M. Hofmann, C. Randau, G. Seidl, Ph Jüttner, and W. W. Schmahl. "Rotatable multifunctional load frames for neutron diffractometers at FRM II—design, specifications and applications." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 711 (May 2013): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.01.049.

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Tum, Isaac, John Mutiso, and Joseph Koske. "Modeling of rose coco beans using twenty four points optimum second order rotatable design." International Journal of Advanced Statistics and Probability 5, no. 2 (November 9, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijasp.v5i2.8445.

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The response surface methodology (RSM) is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques useful for the modeling and analysis of problems in which a response of interest is influenced by several variables, and the objective is to optimize the response. The objective of the study was to model the rose coco beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) through an existing A-optimum and D-efficient second order rotatable design of twenty four points in three dimensions in a greenhouse setting using three inorganic fertilizers, namely, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Thus, the objective of the study was accomplished using the calculus optimum value of the free/letter parameter f=1.1072569. This was done by estimating the parameters via least square's techniques, by making available for the yield response of rose coco beans at calculus optimum value design for the first time. The results showed that, the three factors: nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contributed significantly on the yield of rose coco beans (p<0.05). In GP3G, the second-order model was adequate for 1% level of significance with p value of 0.0034. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of response surface for rose coco yield showed that this design was adequate due to satisfactory level of a coefficient of determination, R2, 0.8066 and coefficient variation, CV was 10.30. This study demonstrated the importance of statistical methods in the optimal and efficient production of rose coco beans. We do recommend a randomize screening of all the fertilizer components with which it has influence on rose coco beans be done to ascertain the right initial amount of each fertilizer that could achieve maximum yield than this study realized.

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臧, 德奎. "Optimization of Chaenomeles SRAP-PCR Reaction System through the Quadratic Orthogonal Rotatable Combinatorial Design." Botanical Research 01, no. 03 (2012): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/br.2012.13009.

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Maran, J. Prakash, C. Vigna Nivetha, B. Priya, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Karuppiah Ponmurugan, and J. Jony Blessing Manoj. "Modeling of polysaccharide extraction from Gossypium arboreum L. seed using central composite rotatable design." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 86 (May 2016): 857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.094.

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Samavati, Vahid. "Central composite rotatable design for investigation of microwave-assisted extraction of okra pod hydrocolloid." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 61 (October 2013): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.037.

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Fakheri, F., J. Moghaddas, R. Zadghaffari, and Y. Moghaddas. "Application of Central Composite Rotatable Design for Mixing Time Analysis in Mechanically Agitated Vessels." Chemical Engineering & Technology 35, no. 2 (January 5, 2012): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201100390.

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Xing, Si Ming, and Yang Song. "The Assistant Deployment of the Space Mechanism on the Ground." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1379.

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This paper describes on the issue about the deployment and position of the space mechanism under the vacuum, low temperature environment on the ground. Firstly, for the technical requirement of the deployment mechanism, the authors put forward deployment mechanism project, conduct the structural design. Secondly, focused on the hardware design and the software design of the control system, the control system using master and slave CPU structure of the upper and lower computer, and the rotatable control using the teach mode. Finally, the authors conduct the deployment device performance test under the vacuum, low temperature environment.

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Mamedov, Natig Khankishi, Babek Zakir Salmanov, Gabil Balakishi Mamedov, and Urfan Tofig Taghiyev. "Opimization of the main design and operating parameters of the micronization device." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 8 (September 10, 2021): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i8pp100-103.

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The article substantiates the main characteristics of the studied device of micronization in the processing of grain feed by the method of micronization. Here, an experimental micronizer that micronizes feed grain was taken as the object of research. A multi-factor experiment was also conducted to determine the optimal distance of the infrared lamp from the quartz glass and the optimal power of the light flux. The experiments were carried out on an experimental installation equipped with a “Legrand” dimmer, which allowed changing the radiation power of the lamps. For the experiments, a symmetrical Box-Bench plan was selected from a rotatable, composite second tier. The studies were conducted on wheat, barley and velamir.

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Yasin, Yamin, Maszlin Mohamad, and Faujan B. H. Ahmad. "The Application of Response Surface Methodology for Lead Ion Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Intercalated Tartrate-Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxides." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/937675.

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Layered double hydroxide intercalated with tartrate (tartrate-Mg-Al) was used as an adsorbent to remove lead ions from aqueous solutions. The effects of various optimization parameters such as contact time, solution pH, lead ion concentrations, and adsorbent dosage were investigated by the use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a four-level four-variable Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was employed to evaluate the interactive effects of the various optimization parameters. The parameters were contact time (6–10 h), solution pH (1–3), adsorbent dosage (0.06–0.1 g), and lead ion concentrations (10–30 mg/L). The percentage of lead ions removal for each of the parameters studied was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrophotometer. Simultaneously by increasing contact time and amount of dosage of tartrate-Mg-Al used the percentage of lead ions removal from aqueous solution will increase; however, the percentage removal decreases with an increase in pH and concentrations of lead ions. The experimental percentage removal recorded under optimum conditions was compared well with the maximum predicted value from the RSM, which suggest that Central Composite Rotatable Design of RSM can be used to study the removal of lead from aqueous solution by the use of tartrate-Mg-Al as an adsorbent.

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