Journal articles: 'Rotary-wing UAV'

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Krishnakumar, R., K. Senthil Kumar, and T. Anand. "Design and Development of Vertical Takeoff and Horizontal Transition Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 1016 (August 2014): 436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1016.436.

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In recent years Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has become a significant segment of the aviation industry. They can be chosen to be designed as fixed wing or Rotary wing type. Fixed-wing aircraft has the performance of fast forward movement, long range and superior endurance due to its gliding capabilities with no power. Unlike the fixed wing models, rotary wing mini-copters are able to fly in all directions, hover in a fixed position with minimal space for takeoff and landing. This makes them the perfect instrument for detailed inspection work or surveying. Implementing a hybrid UAV has the advantages of both fixed-wing and rotary wing UAV. This paper aims to brief on the design, development and testing of a hybrid tilt body UAV with four rotors. The hybrid vehicle comprises two units, an aerial unit and a ground unit. The aerial unit consists of an unmanned aircraft system. The ground unit consists of means to view and post-data processing of video/image sent by the UAV if it is used for aerial surveillance and control, navigate and guide the aircraft. To proceed, a novel hybrid UAV with capability of Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL) and horizontal flight is developed and its response during the transition from VTOL to horizontal flight is analyzed.

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Peng, Kemao. "Autonomous Mission Management Based Nonlinear Flight Control Design for a Class of Hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Guidance, Navigation and Control 01, no. 02 (June 2021): 2150009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2737480721500096.

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In this paper, a nonlinear flight control law is designed for a hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to achieve the advanced flight performances with the autonomous mission management (AMM). The hybrid UAV is capable of hovering like quadrotors and maneuvering as fixed-wing aircraft. The main idea is to design the flight control laws in modules. Those modules are organized online by the autonomous mission management. Such online organization will improve the UAV autonomy. One of the challenges is to execute the transition flight between the rotary-wing and fixed-wing modes. The resulting closed-loop system with the designed flight control law is verified in simulation and the simulation results demonstrate that the resulting closed-loop system can successfully complete the designated flight missions including the transition flight between the rotary-wing and fixed-wing modes.

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ÜNAL, Beytullah, Tamer SAVAŞ, and Işıl YAZAR. "DESIGN OF A SPRAYING QUADCOPTER." First Issue of 2019, no. 2019.01 (December 18, 2019): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23890/ijast.2019.0101.

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Today, coupled with technological development, UAV (Unmanned Aero Vehicle) systems show an important improvement in civil area applications. UAV systems have active tasks with cost-effectively solutions in several areas like defense, logistics, engineering and agriculture. Especially, in agricultural applications, UAV system usage contributes to development of the critical parameters of this sector as efficiency and sustainability. Thus, in agricultural areas, improvement and usage of unmanned systems are of importance. In this study, a remote control rotary wing UAV system that has ability to perform irrigation and spraying and its design, production and application processes are discussed. The designed, verified and all test operations completed UAV system will be planned to use in remote control liquid rejection from different altitudes in agricultural area. Keywords: Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle (UAV), Rotary Wing UAV, Spraying, Remote Control UAV, Sustainability.

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Gonzalez, José Cerdeira, Roberto Ortiz Garrido, and Antonio Eduardo Carrilho da Cunha. "Rotary-Wing UAV Mission Planning Aided by Supervisory Control." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 43, no. 12 (2010): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20100830-3-de-4013.00054.

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Zhan, Cheng, and Renjie Huang. "Energy Efficient Adaptive Video Streaming With Rotary-Wing UAV." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69, no. 7 (July 2020): 8040–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993303.

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Ahmed, Bilal, Hemanshu R. Pota, and Matt Garratt. "Flight control of a rotary wing UAV using backstepping." International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 20, no. 6 (May 12, 2009): 639–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnc.1458.

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Zeng, Yong, Jie Xu, and Rui Zhang. "Energy Minimization for Wireless Communication With Rotary-Wing UAV." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 18, no. 4 (April 2019): 2329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2902559.

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Yan, Hua, Yunfei Chen, and Shuang-Hua Yang. "New Energy Consumption Model for Rotary-Wing UAV Propulsion." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 10, no. 9 (September 2021): 2009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3090772.

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Guo, Huiqiang, Mingzhe Li, Pengfei Sun, Changfeng Zhao, Wenjie Zuo, and Xiaoying Li. "Lightweight and maintainable rotary-wing UAV frame from configurable design to detailed design." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 7 (July 2021): 168781402110349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211034999.

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Rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widespread in both the military and civilian applications. However, there are still some problems for the UAV design such as the long design period, high manufacturing cost, and difficulty in maintenance. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel design method to obtain a lightweight and maintainable UAV frame from configurable design to detailed design. First, configurable design is implemented to determine the initial design domain of the UAV frame. Second, topology optimization method based on inertia relief theory is used to transform the initial geometric model into the UAV frame structure. Third, process design is considered to improve the manufacturability and maintainability of the UAV frame. Finally, dynamic drop test is used to validate the crashworthiness of the UAV frame. Therefore, a lightweight UAV frame structure composed of thin-walled parts can be obtained and the design period can be greatly reduced via the proposed method.

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Kumar, K. Senthil, and A. Mohamed Rasheed. "Development of Rotary Wing Mini UAS for Civilian Applications." Unmanned Systems 01, no. 02 (October 2013): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2301385013400050.

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This research paper is about team Dhaksha's accomplishment in designing, developing and testing a slew of Rotary Wing Mini Unmanned Aerial Systems for entry into various international aerial robotics/unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) competitions and civilian applications. Dhaksha, the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), developed by the team at Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) campus of Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, with its stable design presented stiff competition to other contestants during the May 2012 technology demonstration called UAVForge organized by Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA), Department of Defense, USA. Team Dhaksha on behalf of national defense research agency deployed their system as a test bed for Acoustic field testing and analysis. The team also deployed their UAS, for state police, in a religious festival, over a crowd of 20 lakh pilgrims during November 2012, to avail instant aerial images. UAS Dhaksha was deployed for investigation of structural strength of the India's tallest structure, a 300 m high Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) tower. Recently during the flash floods in the Himalayan river Mandakini at an altitude of 4200 m above mean sea level, Dhaksha assisted the forces in the relief and rescue operations by providing instant thermal/video images of the scene of disaster.

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Wang, Fei, Peidong Liu, Shiyu Zhao, Ben M. Chen, Swee King Phang, Shupeng Lai, Tao Pang, Biao Wang, Chenxiao Cai, and Tong H. Lee. "Development of an Unmanned Helicopter for Vertical Replenishment." Unmanned Systems 03, no. 01 (January 2015): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2301385015500053.

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This paper presents an intelligent and robust guidance, navigation and control solution for a rotary-wing UAV to carry out an autonomous cargo transportation mission between two moving platforms. Different from the conventional GPS/INS-only navigation scheme, this solution also integrates sophisticated Lidar and vision systems capable of precisely locating cargo loading and unloading positions. Besides, another complementary GPS/INS system is set up on the moving platforms with communication to the unmanned helicopter so that the controlled UAV is able to follow the dynamic platforms with good tracking performance. The whole system has been successfully implemented, and with its superb performance the Unmanned Systems Research Group from the National University of Singapore won the first place in the final round of the rotary-wing category competition of the 2nd AVIC Cup — International UAV Innovation Grand Prix 2013.

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Martawireja, Abdur Rohman Harits, and Hadi Supriyanto. "Penentuan Lintasan Pergerakan Quadcopter Berbasis GPS (Global Positioning System)." Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Manufaktur 1, no. 2 (December 23, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.48182/jtrm.v1i2.7.

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UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) merupakan sebuah kendaraan udara tanpa awak yang dapat dikendalikan. Terdapat dua tipe UAV, yakni fixed wing dan rotary wing. Quadcopter menjadi salah satu tipe UAV rotary wing yang banyak digunakan dalam berbagai kebutuhan, seperti eksplorasi dan pengambilan citra. Pada penelitian ini Quadcopter berfungsi sebagai kendaraan yang harus bergerak mengikuti lintasan, dimana lintasan yang dikuti oleh Quadcopter berasal dari GPS yang dihasilkan oleh objek yang diikuti (Modul Utama). Tipe GPS yang terpasang pada Quadcopter (GPS1) maupun pada Modul Utama (GPS2) adalah GPS Ublox NEO. Prinsip kerja sistem adalah quadcopter mengikuti Koordinat-koordinat lintasan yang dihasilkan oleh GPS1, di mana data-data lintasan GPS1 dikirim ke Quadcopter menggunakan media Bluetooth. Dalam pergerakannya, Quadcopter akan terus-menerus membandingkan data-data koordinat yang dihasikan posisi Quadcopter dengan data-data koordinat lintasan yang sudah diterima. Pengujian pada Receiver GPS Modul Utama (GPS1) dan Receiver GPS Quadcoter (GPS2), kedua GPS mampu mendapatkan data GPS dari satelit. Kesalahan/perbedaan data dari GPS1 dan GPS2 pada pengujian pergerakkan Quadcopter untuk mengikuti Modul Utama sebagai titik tujuan sebesar 53% pada garis lintang dan 51% pada garis bujur.

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Kong, Changduk, Jongha Park, and Myoungcheol Kang. "A Study on Transient Performance Characteristics of the Canard Rotor Wing Type Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Propulsion System During Flight Mode Transition." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 128, no. 3 (September 28, 2005): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2135821.

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A propulsion system of the CRW (Canard rotor wing) type UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) was composed of the turbojet engine, exhaust nozzles (including some tip jet nozzles and a main nozzle), and the duct system (including straight ducts, curved ducts, and master valve). The CRW-type UAV has three different flight modes, such as the rotary wing mode for takeoff and landing, the high-speed forward flight mode with the fixed wing, and the transition flight mode between the previously mentioned two flight modes. In order to evaluate transient performance characteristics of the CRW-type UAV propulsion system during flight mode transition, the propulsion system was modeled using SIMULINK®, which is a user-friendly graphical-user-interface-(GUI) type dynamic analysis tool provided by MATLAB, in this study. The transition flight mode between the rotary wing mode and the fixed wing mode was simulated by considering area variation of the master valve and the main exhaust nozzle. In order to verify acceptability of the main turbojet engine model, performance simulation results using SIMULINK were compared to results using the commercial program GSP. Through this simulation, proper operation of the master valve and the variable area main nozzle can be found for safe flight transition. Therefore, performance characteristics were investigated depending on various angle positions of the master valve.

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Ahmed, Bilal, and Hemanshu R. Pota. "Flight Control of a Rotary wing UAV including Flapping Dynamics." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 10373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20110828-6-it-1002.01021.

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Xie, Hui, Alan F. Lynch, and Martin Jagersand. "Dynamic IBVS of a rotary wing UAV using line features." Robotica 34, no. 9 (December 9, 2014): 2009–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714002707.

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SUMMARYIn this paper we propose a dynamic image-based visual servoing (IBVS) control for a rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which directly accounts for the vehicle's underactuated dynamic model. The motion control objective is to follow parallel lines and is motivated by power line inspection tasks where the UAV's relative position and orientation to the lines are controlled. The design is based on a virtual camera whose motion follows the onboard physical camera but which is constrained to point downwards independent of the vehicle's roll and pitch angles. A set of image features is proposed for the lines projected into the virtual camera frame. These features are chosen to simplify the interaction matrix which in turn leads to a simpler IBVS control design which is globally asymptotically stable. The proposed scheme is adaptive and therefore does not require depth estimation. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed control and its robustness to calibration parameter error.

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Serrenho, Felipe Gonçalves, José Antonio Apolinário, António Luiz Lopes Ramos, and Rigel Procópio Fernandes. "Gunshot Airborne Surveillance with Rotary Wing UAV-Embedded Microphone Array." Sensors 19, no. 19 (October 1, 2019): 4271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194271.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are growing in popularity, and recent technological advances are fostering the development of new applications for these devices. This paper discusses the use of aerial drones as a platform for deploying a gunshot surveillance system based on an array of microphones. Notwithstanding the difficulties associated with the inherent additive noise from the rotating propellers, this application brings an important advantage: the possibility of estimating the shooter position solely based on the muzzle blast sound, with the support of a digital map of the terrain. This work focuses on direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation methods applied to audio signals obtained from a microphone array aboard a flying drone. We investigate preprocessing and different DoA estimation techniques in order to obtain the setup that performs better for the application at hand. We use a combination of simulated and actual gunshot signals recorded using a microphone array mounted on a UAV. One of the key insights resulting from the field recordings is the importance of drone positioning, whereby all gunshots recorded in a region outside a cone open from the gun muzzle presented a hit rate close to 96%. Based on experimental results, we claim that reliable bearing estimates can be achieved using a microphone array mounted on a drone.

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Alarcón, Francisco, Manuel García, Ivan Maza, Antidio Viguria, and Aníbal Ollero. "A Precise and GNSS-Free Landing System on Moving Platforms for Rotary-Wing UAVs." Sensors 19, no. 4 (February 20, 2019): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040886.

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This article presents a precise landing system that allows rotary-wing UAVs to approach and land safely on moving platforms, without using GNSS at any stage of the landing maneuver, and with a centimeter level accuracy and high level of robustness. This system implements a novel concept where the relative position and velocity between the aerial vehicle and the landing platform are calculated from the angles of a cable that physically connects the UAV and the landing platform. The use of a cable also incorporates a number of extra benefits, such as increasing the precision in the control of the UAV altitude. It also facilitates centering the UAV right on top of the expected landing position, and increases the stability of the UAV just after contacting the landing platform. The system was implemented in an unmanned helicopter and many tests were carried out under different conditions for measuring the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed solution. Results show that the developed system allowed landing with centimeter accuracy by using only local sensors and that the helicopter could follow the landing platform in multiple trajectories at different velocities.

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D., Dr Sivaganesan. "Wireless UAV Rotary Wing Communication with Ground Nodes Using Successive Convex Approximation and Energy Saving Mode." IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 2, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2020.2.006.

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Communication with several ground nodes (GNs) is enabled through wireless communications by means of a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). For every GN, the requirements of communication throughput is satisfied while minimizing the communication and propulsion related energy thereby reducing the total energy consumption of the UAV. The total completion time of the mission, the GN time allocation for communication as well as the trajectory of UAV are optimized jointly to formulate the problem of energy minimization. The UAV rotary wing model of power consumption for propulsion power in a closed-form is also derived. The complexity of the problem increases with the involvement of several variables infinitely over time and the non-convex variables, making it challenging to be solved optimally. The hovering location sets are visited by the UAV and at each location, communication is established with the corresponding GNs. This simplified design for fly-hover-communicate is established for tackling the underlying issue. Convex optimization techniques and travelling salesman problem with neighborhood (TSPN) are leveraged for optimization of the trajectory that connects the hovering locations and the duration of hovering by means of the proposed algorithm design. Communication of the UAV during operation is considered as a general scenario. Discretization of the problem to its equivalent is done in the proposed novel path discretization technique by means of optimized variables of finite number. Further, a successive convex approximation (SCA) scheme is applied for obtaining a solution that is locally optimal. A comparison of the proposed design is performed with the benchmark schemes and it is found that they are outperformed based on numerical results.

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Wang, Zhen, Miaowen Wen, Shuping Dang, Lisu Yu, and Yuhao Wang. "Trajectory design and resource allocation for UAV energy minimization in a rotary-wing UAV-enabled WPCN." Alexandria Engineering Journal 60, no. 1 (February 2021): 1787–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2020.11.027.

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Unal, Beytullah, Tamer Savas, and Isil Yazar. "Design of a Pesticide Spraying Quadcopter." International Journal of Aviation Science and Technology vm01, is01 (September 10, 2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.23890/ijast.vm01is01.0102.

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Today, coupled with technological development, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) systems show an important improvement in civil area applications. UAV systems have active tasks with cost-effective solutions in several areas like defense, logistics, engineering and agriculture. Especially in agricultural applications, UAV system usage contributes to improvement of the critical parameters of this sector as efficiency and sustainability. Thus, in agricultural areas, improvement and usage of unmanned systems are of importance. In this study, a remote-control rotary wing UAV system that has the ability to perform irrigation and spraying and its design, production and application processes are discussed. The designed, verified and all test operations completed UAV system is planned to be used in remote control liquid rejection in the agricultural area.

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Mat, Amir Rasydan, Liew Mun How, Omar Kassim Ariff, M. Amzari M. Zhahir, and Ramly Mohd Ajir. "Autonomous Aerial Hard Docking of Fixed and Rotary Wing UAVs: Task Assessment and Solution Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 629 (October 2014): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.629.176.

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This paper covers exploratory efforts that attempt to address limitations and restrictions in the operating envelope of UAVs, and proposes a conceptual solution to the problem. UAVs, like aircraft, can be categorized into two main types: fixed wing and rotary wing. A fixed wing UAV flies using wings that generate lift caused by the vehicle’s forward airspeed and the shape of the wings. The greatest advantage of fixed wing UAVs obtained from utilizing aerodynamic lift is its long range and high endurance performance. However, this primary advantage comes from the fact that most fixed wing UAVs have wings that are of a high aspect ratio, which becomes a liability in confined operating conditions. An autonomous aerial hard docking system is proposed as a system that manages to enable different UAV platforms to have operational envelopes which far exceed the operational envelopes of the constituent UAV platforms. The paper outlines necessary subsystems that need to exist for autonomous aerial hard docking capability. It presents practical requirements of the various constituent subsystems, namely the guidance and navigation subsystem, the grasping subsystem and the damping subsystem. For each of the subsystems, the challenges which have to be overcome to ensure the effectiveness of the complete system are examined. It further elaborates the testing, investigation and development steps that need to be implemented to realize this capability. It ends by elaborating on the work already underway and future development plans. Note that this paper presents a conceptual logical and architectural solution, and as such detailed analysis findings are inappropriate and premature.

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Park, Jongho, and Jaehyun Yoo. "Indoor Mapping Guidance Algorithm of Rotary-Wing UAV Including Dead-End Situations." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 7, 2019): 4854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224854.

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A mapping guidance algorithm of a quadrotor for unknown indoor environments is proposed. A sensor with limited sensing range is assumed to be mounted on the quadrotor to obtain object data points. With obtained data, the quadrotor computes velocity vector and yaw commands to move around the object while maintaining a safe distance. The magnitude of the velocity vector is also controlled to prevent a collision. The distance transform method is applied to establish dead-end situation logic as well as exploration completion logic. When a dead-end situation occurs, the guidance algorithm of the quadrotor is switched to a particular maneuver. The proposed maneuver enables the quadrotor not only to escape from the dead-end situation, but also to find undiscovered area to continue mapping. Various numerical simulations are performed to verify the performance of the proposed mapping guidance algorithm.

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Ye, Han-Ting, Xin Kang, Jingon Joung, and Ying-Chang Liang. "Optimization for Full-Duplex Rotary-Wing UAV-Enabled Wireless-Powered IoT Networks." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 19, no. 7 (July 2020): 5057–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2989302.

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Wu, Fahui, Dingcheng Yang, Lin Xiao, and Laurie Cuthbert. "Energy Consumption and Completion Time Tradeoff in Rotary-Wing UAV Enabled WPCN." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 79617–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2922651.

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Park, Joon-Kyu, and Min-Gyu Kim. "Applicability Verification of Rotary Wing UAV for Rapid Construction of Geospatial Information." Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology 6, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2016.04.45.

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Saggiani, G. M., and B. Teodorani. "Rotary wing UAV potential applications: an analytical study through a matrix method." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 76, no. 1 (February 2004): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00022660410514955.

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Zhan, Cheng, and Hong Lai. "Energy Minimization in Internet-of-Things System Based on Rotary-Wing UAV." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 8, no. 5 (October 2019): 1341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2916549.

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Ucgun, Hakan, Ugur Yuzgec, and Cuneyt Bayilmis. "A review on applications of rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle charging stations." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 18, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 172988142110158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17298814211015863.

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Today’s technology allows people to remotely control and monitor many systems. In these technological systems, robots or unmanned vehicles are generally used, which are controlled remotely without human interaction. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which does not have a pilot on it, is one of the unmanned vehicles capable of flying either remotely or automatically. UAVs are among the systems that are used in many fields for military, civil, and academic purposes and are constantly developing in parallel with the advancement of technology. One of the biggest problems of UAVs that are effectively used in many areas is undoubtedly flight times. To overcome this situation, charging stations are used and allow the UAV batteries to be charged without human intervention. In this article, a review study about the charging stations developed for charging batteries used in UAVs has been made. In this study, the findings obtained as a result of literature research on charging stations were analyzed and the performances of charging stations were compared. The main purpose of this review study is to guide people who will develop a charging station for rotary-wing UAVs by providing a preliminary research opportunity and to help choose one of the wired or wireless charging stations according to the needs in the applications to be developed.

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Kang, Keeryun, and J. V. R. Prasad. "Development and Flight Test Evaluations of an Autonomous Obstacle Avoidance System for a Rotary-Wing UAV." Unmanned Systems 01, no. 01 (June 20, 2013): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2301385013500015.

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This paper presents the development and flight-testing of an obstacle avoidance system that can provide a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) the autonomous obstacle field navigation capability in uncertain environment. The system is composed of a sensor, an obstacle map generation algorithm from sensor measurements, an online path planning algorithm, and an adaptive vehicle controller. The novel approach of path planning presented in the paper is the integration of a newly developed receding horizon (RH) trajectory optimization scheme with a global path searching algorithm. The developed RH trajectory optimization scheme solves the local nonlinear trajectory optimization problem using approximated vehicle dynamics, maneuverability constraints, and terrain constraints within the finite range of the sensor. The global path searching by dynamic programming algorithm finds the shortest path to the destination to provide the initial guess to the RH trajectory optimization. The spline-based direct solver, Nonlinear Trajectory Generation (NTG), solves the RH trajectory optimization in real time and updates the solution continuously. The developed system is implemented within the Georgia Tech UAV Simulation Tool (GUST) and on the onboard computer of the Georgia Tech UAV test bed. Simulations and flight tests carried out for the benchmark scenarios and with sensor-in-the-loop flight tests demonstrated the viability of the developed system for autonomous obstacle field navigation capability of a UAV.

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Hoang Dinh, Thinh, and Hieu Le Thi Hong. "Detection and localization of helipad in autonomous UAV landing: a coupled visual-inertial approach with artificial intelligence." Transport and Communications Science Journal 71, no. 7 (September 30, 2020): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.71.7.8.

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Autonomous landing of rotary wing type unmanned aerial vehicles is a challenging problem and key to autonomous aerial fleet operation. We propose a method for localizing the UAV around the helipad, that is to estimate the relative position of the helipad with respect to the UAV. This data is highly desirable to design controllers that have robust and consistent control characteristics and can find applications in search – rescue operations. AI-based neural network is set up for helipad detection, followed by optimization by the localization algorithm. The performance of this approach is compared against fiducial marker approach, demonstrating good consensus between two estimations

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Hoang Dinh, Thinh, and Hieu Le Thi Hong. "Detection and localization of helipad in autonomous UAV landing: a coupled visual-inertial approach with artificial intelligence." Transport and Communications Science Journal 71, no. 7 (September 30, 2020): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/tcsj.71.7.8.

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Autonomous landing of rotary wing type unmanned aerial vehicles is a challenging problem and key to autonomous aerial fleet operation. We propose a method for localizing the UAV around the helipad, that is to estimate the relative position of the helipad with respect to the UAV. This data is highly desirable to design controllers that have robust and consistent control characteristics and can find applications in search – rescue operations. AI-based neural network is set up for helipad detection, followed by optimization by the localization algorithm. The performance of this approach is compared against fiducial marker approach, demonstrating good consensus between two estimations

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Kimball, Sytske K., Carlos J. Montalvo, and Madhuri S. Mulekar. "Assessing iMET-XQ Performance and Optimal Placement on a Small Off-the-Shelf, Rotary-Wing UAV, as a Function of Atmospheric Conditions." Atmosphere 11, no. 6 (June 20, 2020): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060660.

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The accuracy and precision of iMET-XQ (InterMET Inc., Grand Rapids, MI, USA) temperature measurements in ten different locations on an off-the shelf rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (rw-UAV) were assessed, as a function of atmospheric conditions. The rw-UAV hovered near an instrumented South Alabama Mesonet tower. The mean ± standard deviation of all the temperature differences between the tower and the ten iMET-XQ sensors for all experiments are −0.23 °C ±0.24 °C. Both the UAV and the environment influence the accuracy and precision of the iMET-XQ temperature measurements. Heat generated by the electronic components within the UAV body has a significant influence on the iMET-XQ temperature measurements, regardless of solar radiation conditions, and is highly dependent on wind direction. Electronic components within the UAV body heat up and can cause sensors downwind from the UAV body to record temperatures that are too warm, even if the sensors are aspirated by propeller wash. iMET-XQ sensors placed on rotor arms not near UAV body heat sources, and properly aspirated by propeller wash, perform well. Measurements from iMET-XQ sensors suspended below the UAV are also accurate. When using an off-the-shelf UAV for atmospheric temperature sensing, the electronic components inside the body of the UAV must be properly located. It is recommended that multiple sensors are placed on the UAV. Sensor redundancy will mitigate data loss in case of malfunction during flight and the identification of poorly performing sensors.

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Ahmed, Bilal, and Hemanshu R. Pota. "Dynamic Compensation for Control of a Rotary wing UAV Using Positive Position Feedback." Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 61, no. 1-4 (October 27, 2010): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10846-010-9487-7.

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Prasetyo, Mustafa Dwi, and Mohamad Yamin. "PENGUJIAN WAHANA UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) AMPHI-FLY EVO 1.0 UNTUK MISI PENCARIAN DAN PENYELAMATAN." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi dan Rekayasa 23, no. 3 (2018): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/tr.2018.v23i3.2471.

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UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) merupakan sebuah wahana udara jenis fixed-wing, rotary-wing, ataupun pesawat yang mampu mengudara pada jalur yang ditentukan tanpa kendali langsung oleh pilot. UAV dapat digunakan untuk membantu kinerja dari BASARNAS, BNPPD dalam proses pencarian dan penyelamatan korban bencana. Untuk menunjang kegiatan tersebut, UAV harus melewati pengujian terlabih dahulu. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian terhadap wahana UAV AMPHI-FLY Evo 1.0 yang meliputi pengujian terhadap frame, propeller udara, kamera, transmitter, GPS, baterai dan sensor accelerometer. Pengujian dilakukan meliputi frame, propeller, kamera, transmitter dan uji gerak. Disamping itu dilakukan juga pengujian GPS, menggunakan software mission planner, pengujian baterai pada trottle 0%, 25% dan 50%. Pengujian sensor accelerometer pada posisi wahana secara datar, bergerak kekanan dan kekiri, bergerak maju dan juga mundur pada ketinggian sekitar 6.40 meter. Seluruh pengujian memberikan hasil yang baik dan memuaskan.Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas frame cukup aman digunakan dan propeller udara dapat menopang bobot wahana secara keseluruhan. Jarak pandang ideal kamera baru mencapai 10 meter meskipun jarak maksimal 30 meter. Tuas pada transmitter dapat berfungsi dengan baik. GPS yang digunakan juga akurat dalam menunjukkan posisi wahana. Baterai dengan arus 5A yang digunakan juga memenuhi kebutuhan. Sensor accelerometer cukup responsif terhadap perubahan pergerakan wahana.

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Kim, Min-Seong, and Byung Hyuk Kwon. "Estimation of Sensible Heat Flux and Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Atmosphere 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10070363.

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In this work, sensible heat flux estimated using a bulk transfer method was validated with a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer or surface layer scintillometer at various sites. Results indicate that it remains challenging to obtain temperature and wind speed at an appropriate reference height. To overcome this, alternative observations using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were considered. UAV-based wind speed and sensible heat flux were indirectly estimated and atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height was then derived using the sensible heat flux data. UAV-observed air temperature was measured by attaching a temperature sensor 40 cm above the rotary-wing of the UAV, and UAV-based wind speed was estimated using attitude data (pitch, roll, and yaw angles) recorded using the UAV’s inertial measurement unit. UAV-based wind speed was close to the automatic weather system-observed wind speed, within an error range of approximately 10%. UAV-based sensible heat flux estimated from the bulk transfer method corresponded with sensible heat flux determined using the eddy correlation method, within an error of approximately 20%. A linear relationship was observed between the normalized UAV-based sensible heat flux and radiosonde-based normalized ABL height.

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Kwak, Kyung-Hwan, Seung-Hyeop Lee, A.-Young Kim, Kwon-Chan Park, Sang-Eun Lee, Beom-Soon Han, Joohyun Lee, and Young-San Park. "Daytime Evolution of Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Structure: Comparative Observations between a 307-m Meteorological Tower and a Rotary-Wing UAV." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111142.

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A 307-m tall meteorological tower was used to evaluate meteorological observation data obtained using a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A comparative study between the tower and UAV observations was conducted during the daytime (06:00 to 19:00 local time (LT)) in the summer of 2017 (16–18th August). Hourly vertical profiles of air temperature, relative humidity, black carbon (BC), and ozone (O3) concentrations were obtained for up to 300 m height. Statistical metrics for evaluating the accuracy of UAV observations against the tower observation showed positive (potential temperature) and negative (relative humidity) biases, which were within acceptable ranges. The daytime evolution of the lower atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) was successfully captured by the hourly UAV observations. During the early morning, a large vertical slope of potential temperature was observed between 100 and 140 m, corresponding to the stable ABL height. The large vertical slope coincided with the large differences in BC and O3 concentrations between altitudes below and above the height. The transition from stable to convective ABL was observed at 10–11 LT, indicated by the ABL height higher than 300 m in the convective ABL. Finally, we provide several recommendations to reduce uncertainties of UAV observation.

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Hidayat, Husnul, and Bangun Muljo Sukojo. "Analysis of Horizontal Accuracy for Large Scale Rural Mapping Using Rotary Wing UAV Image." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 98 (December 2017): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/98/1/012052.

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Samal, Mahendra Kumar, Sreenatha Anavatti, Tapabrata Ray, and Matthew Garratt. "A computationally efficient approach for NN based system identification of a rotary wing UAV." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 8, no. 4 (August 2010): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-010-0403-5.

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Song, Bonggeun, and Kyunghun Park. "Detection of Aquatic Plants Using Multispectral UAV Imagery and Vegetation Index." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2020): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030387.

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In this study, aquatic plants in a small reservoir were detected using multispectral UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) imagery and various vegetation indices. A Firefly UAV, which has both fixed-wing and rotary-wing flight modes, was flown over the study site four times. A RedEdge camera was mounted on the UAV to acquire multispectral images. These images were used to analyze the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), ENDVI (Enhance Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NDREI (Normalized Difference RedEdge Index), NGRDI (Normalized Green-Red Difference Index), and GNDVI (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). As for multispectral characteristics, waterside plants showed the highest reflectance in Rnir, while floating plants had a higher reflectance in Rre. During the hottest season (on 25 June), the vegetation indices were the highest, and the habitat expanded near the edge of the reservoir. Among the vegetation indices, NDVI was the highest and NGRDI was the lowest. In particular, NGRDI had a higher value on the water surface and was not useful for detecting aquatic plants. NDVI and GNDVI, which showed the clearest difference between aquatic plants and water surface, were determined to be the most effective vegetation indices for detecting aquatic plants. Accordingly, the vegetation indices using multispectral UAV imagery turned out to be effective for detecting aquatic plants. A further study will be accompanied by a field survey in order to acquire and analyze more accurate imagery information.

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Xu, Yu, Wenda Sun, and Ping Li. "A Miniature Integrated Navigation System for Rotary-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/748940.

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This paper presents the development of a low cost miniature navigation system for autonomous flying rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The system incorporates measurements from a low cost single point GPS and a triaxial solid state inertial/magnetic sensor unit. The navigation algorithm is composed of three modules running on a microcontroller: the sensor calibration module, the attitude estimator, and the velocity and position estimator. The sensor calibration module relies on a recursive least square based ellipsoid hypothesis calibration algorithm to estimate biases and scale factors of accelerometers and magnetometers without any additional calibration equipment. The attitude estimator is a low computational linear attitude fusion algorithm that effectively incorporates high frequency components of gyros and low frequency components of accelerometers and magnetometers to guarantee both accuracy and bandwidth of attitude estimation. The velocity and position estimator uses two cascaded complementary filters which fuse translational acceleration, GPS velocity, and position to improve the bandwidth of velocity and position. The designed navigation system is feasible for miniature UAVs due to its low cost, simplicity, miniaturization, and guaranteed estimation errors. Both ground tests and autonomous flight tests of miniature unmanned helicopter and quadrotor have shown the effectiveness of the proposed system, demonstrating its promise in UAV systems.

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Teske, Milton E., Daniel A. Wachspress, and Harold W. Thistle. "Prediction of Aerial Spray Release from UAVs." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 3 (2018): 909–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12701.

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Abstract. This article summarizes the ability of CHARM+AGDISP to predict the drift and deposition of sprays released from rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This predictive capability results from merging algorithms for spray transport, as found in AGDISP (AGricultural DISPersal), with CHARM (Comprehensive Hierarchical Aeromechanics Rotorcraft Model). The resulting software tracks the release of spray droplets from nozzles on the UAV to deposition on the ground. To date, both AGDISP and CHARM, a code that provides a complete representation of the time-varying, unsteady flow field surrounding a helicopter during transient maneuvering flight near the ground, have been extensively validated. The CHARM+AGDISP software is applied to two UAVs to explore the flow field regimes that present challenges for effective UAV operations. The simulations undertaken indicate flight conditions that yield acceptable deposition levels and minimize drift; inversely, conditions are also identified that result in off-target drift that may be problematic. Keywords: Aerial application, AGDISP, CHARM, Helicopter modeling, Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).

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Wang, Zhen, Wenjun Xu, Dingcheng Yang, and Jiaru Lin. "Joint Trajectory Optimization and User Scheduling for Rotary-Wing UAV-Enabled Wireless Powered Communication Networks." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 181369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2959637.

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Qi, Juntong, Dalei Song, Hong Shang, Nianfa Wang, Chunsheng Hua, Chong Wu, Xin Qi, and Jianda Han. "Search and Rescue Rotary-Wing UAV and Its Application to the Lushan Ms 7.0 Earthquake." Journal of Field Robotics 33, no. 3 (July 6, 2015): 290–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.21615.

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Wanngoen, Saetunand, Saengphet, and Tantrairatn. "Angle of Attack Sensor for Small Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Proceedings 39, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019039019.

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The angle of attack (AOA) is an important parameter for estimating aerodynamic parameter the performance and stability of aircraft. Currently, AOA sensors are used in general aircraft. However, there is no a reasonable-price AOA sensor that is compatible to a small fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This research aims to designs and constructs angle of attract (AOA) sensor for small fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. Mechanism Design, which is similar to aerodynamic wheatear vane, can operate in airspeed 10–30 m/s. The direction of airfoil aligns with the air flow direction. When the AOA of the UAV changes, the air flow changes the direction, resulting in the change of airfoil direction. The high-resolution rotary encoder, that was used to measure the angle of the airfoil, was installed with the fin airfoil. For experiment, the accuracy of the AOA sensor was validated by comparing the angles obtained from the encoder with the standard rotary table in static and wind tunnel. Finally, the AOA sensor, which was attached on aircraft, was verified and recorded in flight test. As the results of the measurement, the airfoil angles detected by the encoder were in good agreement with the standard angles.

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Rudys, Saulius, Andrius Laučys, Dainius Udris, Raimondas Pomarnacki, and Domantas Bručas. "Functionality Investigation of the UAV Arranged FMCW Solid-State Marine Radar." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080887.

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Some models of marine radars are light-weight enough and thus are attractive for potential applications when arranged on UAVs. Elevating a marine radar to high altitudes provides a much wider field of view, however, this could lead to a higher radio interference level. The practical estimation of the radio interferences affecting the solid-state FMCW marine radar at altitudes up to 120 m was the main objective of this contribution. A rotary-wing octocopter UAV was developed and built for the experiments. Two different kinds of interferences were observed at higher altitudes. Ray-like interferences were caused by signals, which are received by the radar’s antenna. Circle-like interferences appear due to the low frequency interfering signal directly penetrating the detector due to insufficient receiver screening.

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von Eichel-Streiber, Johannes, Christoph Weber, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, and Jens Altenburg. "Controller for a Low-Altitude Fixed-Wing UAV on an Embedded System to Assess Specific Environmental Conditions." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (June 16, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1360702.

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The use of an appropriate sensor on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is vital to assess specific environmental conditions successfully. In addition, technicians and scientists also appreciate a platform to carry the sensors with some advantages such as the low costs or easy pilot management. However, extra requirements like a low-altitude flight are necessary for special applications such as plant density or rice yield. A rotary UAV matches this requirement, but the flight endurance is too short for large areas. Therefore, in this article, a fixed-wing UAV is used, which is more appropriate because of its longer flight endurance. It is necessary to develop an own controller system to use special sensors such as Lidar or Radar on the platform as a multifunctionality system. Thereby, these sensors are used to generate a digital elevation model and also as a collision avoidance sensor at the same time. To achieve this goal, a small UAV was equipped with a hardware platform including a microcontroller and sensors. After testing the system and simulation, the controller was converted into program code to implement it on the microcontroller. After that, several real flights were performed to validate the controller and sensors. We demonstrated that the system is able to work and match the high requirements for future research.

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Pádua, Luís, Pedro Marques, Jonáš Hruška, Telmo Adão, Emanuel Peres, Raul Morais, and Joaquim Sousa. "Multi-Temporal Vineyard Monitoring through UAV-Based RGB Imagery." Remote Sensing 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10121907.

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This study aimed to characterize vineyard vegetation thorough multi-temporal monitoring using a commercial low-cost rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a consumer-grade red/green/blue (RGB) sensor. Ground-truth data and UAV-based imagery were acquired on nine distinct dates, covering the most significant vegetative growing cycle until harvesting season, over two selected vineyard plots. The acquired UAV-based imagery underwent photogrammetric processing resulting, per flight, in an orthophoto mosaic, used for vegetation estimation. Digital elevation models were used to compute crop surface models. By filtering vegetation within a given height-range, it was possible to separate grapevine vegetation from other vegetation present in a specific vineyard plot, enabling the estimation of grapevine area and volume. The results showed high accuracy in grapevine detection (94.40%) and low error in grapevine volume estimation (root mean square error of 0.13 m and correlation coefficient of 0.78 for height estimation). The accuracy assessment showed that the proposed method based on UAV-based RGB imagery is effective and has potential to become an operational technique. The proposed method also allows the estimation of grapevine areas that can potentially benefit from canopy management operations.

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Dalwadi, Nihal, Dipankar Deb, Mangal Kothari, and Stepan Ozana. "Disturbance Observer-Based Backstepping Control of Tail-Sitter UAVs." Actuators 10, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10060119.

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The application scope of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is increasing along with commensurate advancements in performance. The hybrid quadrotor vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) UAV has the benefits of both rotary-wing aircraft and fixed-wing aircraft. However, the vehicle requires a robust controller for takeoff, landing, transition, and hovering modes because the aerodynamic parameters differ in those modes. We consider a nonlinear observer-based backstepping controller in the control design and provide stability analysis for handling parameter variations and external disturbances. We carry out simulations in MATLAB Simulink which show that the nonlinear observer contributes more to robustness and overall closed-loop stability, considering external disturbances in takeoff, hovering and landing phases. The backstepping controller is capable of decent trajectory-tracking during the transition from hovering to level flight and vice versa with nominal altitude drop.

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Jung, Yeondeuk, and Hyungsik Choi. "Actuator Mixer Design in Rotary-Wing Mode Based on Convex Optimization Technique for Electric VTOL UAV." Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences 48, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.5139/jksas.2020.48.9.691.

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KAWAKAMI, Kohei, Kenji NISHIGAKI, Shinichiro NISHIDA, Kazunori SAKURAMA, and Masaharu NISHIMURA. "719 Attitude stabilization on yaw axis of a rotary wing UAV with stators in the downwash." Proceedings of Conference of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch 2014.52 (2014): _719–1_—_719–3_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecs.2014.52._719-1_.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rotary-wing UAV'

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