Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rootstock

Academic literature on the topic 'Rootstock'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rootstock"

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Racskó, József, Miklós Soltész, Lejla Budai, Zoltán Szabó, Ervin Farkas, János Nagy, and József Nyéki. "The effect of rootstocks on the fruit quality parameters of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 17 (September 14, 2005): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/17/3269.

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The authors studied the effect of rootstocks with different growing vigour on fruit quality of different cultivars. Research results shows that best fruit diamter and fruit weight of all cultivars are for M9 rootstock. Similar tendency was found in skin colour, but in the case of Granny Smith, MM106 rootstock is more favourable because the green skin colour is necessary for the consumers’ acceptance. Seedling rootstok has some unfavourable effects on fruit quality, thus its usage is not expedient.
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Roy, RK, M. Robbani, M. Ali, SK Bhowal, and ANM Erfan. "Variations in salinity tolerance of selected mango rootstocks." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 17, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v17i1.23681.

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An experiment was conducted at the Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) during the period from July 2011 to March 2013 to study the performance of selected mango rootstocks in the saline area in Bangladesh. The experiment consisted of four mango rootstock lines collected from Rangpur, Dumki, Khulna and Kuakata, and five salinity treatments namely control (0 dSm-1), low (4 dSm-1), medium (6 dSm-1), high (8 dSm-1) and very high (10 dSm-1). A two factor experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial) with four replications. Results revealed that rootstock line and salinity levels had significant influences on various crop characters viz. length of rootstocks, diameter of rootstocks, number of leaves and percent rootstocks success and survivability. In case of rootstocks, the longest rootstock length (41.38 cm), highest number of leaves (37.58) and survivability (71.73%) were recorded in Rangpur line. In case of salinity treatments, rootstock diameter (16.09 mm), number of leaves/graft (36.47) and survivability (67.37%) were recorded in low salinity treatment. Interaction of rootstock lines and different salinity treatments showed significant variation on the length and diameter of rootstocks at 120 DAT. The maximum diameter of rootstock (17.63 mm) was recorded in high (8 dSm-1) salinity treatment in rootstock line of Kuakata, followed by the same stages of rootstock lines of Khulna (17.56 mm). The longest rootstock (46.75 cm) was recorded in control treatment (0 dSm-1) with rootstock line of Rangpur followed by the same stages of rootstock (41.75 cm) with medium salinity treatment (6 dSm-1). Rangpur rootstock line performed best from 0-8 dSm-1 salinity. The overall salinity tolerance was graded as follows: Rangpur rootstock line > Dumki rootstock line > Kuakata rootstock line > Khulna rootstock line.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 89-94
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Rom, Curt R., R. Andy Allen, and Bryan Blackburn. "Tree Fruit Rootstock Development in Arkansas." HortScience 32, no. 4 (July 1997): 597D—597. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.597d.

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The Arkansas tree fruit research program has a history of involvement in rootstock development. The elements of rootstock development are rootstock cultivar testing and rootstock breeding and evaluation. Research is focused on apple and peach rootstocks. Rootstock testing is done in conjunction with the NC-140 cooperative uniform rootstock research project. Currently, there are 10 NC-140 trials in progress for apples, peaches, pears, and cherry rootstocks in Arkansas. The Arkansas rootstock breeding projects were established in the early 1970s as components of the fruit breeding program. The objectives are to develop apple and peach rootstocks which are adaptable to the Arkansas edaphic and adaphic conditions, have size control, have some degree of pest resistance, and are efficient in production. To date, 92 apple rootstock selections have been made and 41 are still in early evaluation for propagation and growth characteristics, while 56 peach rootstocks have been selected and are in early evaluation. Arkansas apple rootstocks selections are sequentially numbered with numbers preceded by AAR (ex: AAR-92). Peach rootstocks selections are numbered with numbers preceded by APR. Data from 2 NC-140 apple rootstock trials were presented and discussed.
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Taylor, BK, and RT Dimsey. "Rootstock and scion effects on the leaf nutrient composition of citrus trees." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 3 (1993): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930363.

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Four long-term citrus rootstock trials (navel orange, mandarin, Valencia orange, and lime soil trial) established at Irymple, in the Sunraysia district of Victoria, were tested for leaf nutrient composition in each of 2 years. Scion or rootstock significantly influenced leaf nutrient composition in orange and mandarin trees in all 4 trials. Poncirus trifoliata and citrange rootstocks and Ellendale tangor scion resulted in high to moderate leaf N, P, and K concentrations, while Symons sweet orange rootstock and Dancy mandarin gave low leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations. Potassium concentrations of navel and Valencia oranges on rough lemon rootstock were lower than on most of the other rootstocks tested. For all rootstocks, however, leaf N, P, and K concentrations were in the high range in the navel orange and Valencia orange trials, while leaf K concentrations were in the high range in the mandarin trial. Citrange rootstocks and Ellendale scion also had higher concentrations of leaf magnesium (Mg), while Symons sweet orange, Cox sweet orange, and Rangpur lime had lower leaf Mg concentrations than other rootstocks and scions. In the Valencia rootstock trial, rough lemon and Rangpur lime induced the highest leaf sulfur concentrations, while citrange rootstocks gave the lowest. Soil depth in the lime soil trial influenced foliar P and K levels in Valencia orange trees but these differences were small. In all trials, rootstock, but not scion, strongly influenced chloride (Cl) concentrations of citrus leaves. Poncirus trifoliata rootstock accumulated high concentrations of Cl, and the citrange rootstocks moderate, while Cleopatra mandarin rootstock showed consistently low leaf C1 concentrations in all trials. Rough lemon rootstock was not consistently good at excluding C1, and Rangpur lime showed good C1 exclusion only in the Valencia rootstock trial. There was no evidence of a negative relationship between uptake of N and C1 by citrus rootstocks. Poncirus trifoliata had a lower uptake of sodium (Na) in the Valencia rootstock trial, while Cleopatra and Emperor mandarin rootstocks showed slightly higher leaf Na levels than most other rootstocks tested. The 2 citranges, mandarin, rough lemon, and Rangpur lime rootstocks induced higher boron (B) concentrations in leaves of navel orange compared with other rootstocks but they were still in the adequate range for citrus (Reuter and Robinson 1986), while sweet orange rootstocks had lower levels. Emperor mandarin scion on all rootstocks tested had the lowest B levels. Concentrations of iron and copper were rarely influenced by scion or rootstock. Rootstock significantly influenced leaf manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) levels in a number of trials, but scion effects were minor. In comparison with all other rootstocks, rough lemon induced higher Mn levels in some cases; sweet orange rootstocks gave higher leaf Zn levels in other cases; while Rangpur lime induced higher Mn and Zn levels in trees grown in the lime soil trial. In the first 3 trials, concentrations of Zn and Mn were low in many of the rootstocks and scions, indicating a need for a second micronutrient spray per growing season.
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Hayat, Faisal, Juan Li, Wen Liu, Caiqing Li, Wenpei Song, Shahid Iqbal, Ummara Khan, et al. "Influence of Citrus Rootstocks on Scion Growth, Hormone Levels, and Metabolites Profile of ‘Shatangu’ Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco)." Horticulturae 8, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070608.

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Dwarfing rootstocks are a valuable genetic resource for managing high-density plantations. The selection of the appropriate scion/rootstock combination is key to improving crop performance and sustainable production in a particular environment and specific training systems. ‘Shatangju’ mandarin scion cultivar grafted onto ‘Flying Dragon’ rootstock tends to be dwarfing and develops short stature plants. To obtain insight into potential mechanisms underlying rootstock-induced dwarfing effects, we conducted a rootstock trial to examine the influence of 11 different rootstocks based on their growth vigor, antioxidants, and hormonal levels of the scion cultivar. The phenotypic observations revealed that size reduction in the ‘Flying Dragon’ rootstock is due to lower node number, shorter internodal length, and a reduced trunk diameter of the scion compared with more vigorous rootstocks. Antioxidant analysis showed that ‘Shatangju’ mandarin grafted onto ’Flying Dragon’ and ‘Trifoliate Orange’ rootstock had significantly lower peroxidase (POD) activity than other tested rootstocks. The hormonal analysis indicated that there were markedly lower amounts of abscisic acid (ABA) in ‘Shatangju’ mandarin grafted with ‘Flying Dragon’ rootstock. In addition, trees grafted with ‘Sour Pummelo’ and ‘Flying Dragon’ depicted minimum amounts of gibberellins (GA24). Moreover, several metabolites associated with organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, and alkaloids responded differently in plants grafted with ‘Flying Dragon’ (dwarfing) and ‘Shatang Mandarin’ (vigorous) rootstocks. This study concluded that ‘Flying Dragon’ rootstock with a strong dwarfing effect has been proposed to improve high-density cultivation methods. These findings will provide useful insights for future research associated with rootstock-mediated dwarfing mechanisms of citrus rootstocks.
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Roose, M. L., and S. N. Traugh. "Identification and Performance of Citrus Trees on Nucellar and Zygotic Rootstocks." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 1 (January 1988): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.1.100.

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Abstract Electrophoretic analysis of rootstock bark was used to identify citrus trees on zygotic rootstocks in five 9- to 19-year-old rootstock trials involving 24 rootstock cultivars, and in four additional 22- to 23-year-old rootstock trials involving 24 selections of trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]. The rootstock seedlings used to propagate the trees for these trials were rogued visually before budding. The theoretical probability of distinguishing between nucellar genotypes and zygotics resulting from self-pollination averaged ≈86% among the rootstocks studied. In cultivars other than trifoliate orange, only 17 of 899 rootstocks were detected to be zygotic: eight in Kikodaidai, four in H-56 tangor, two in C-32 citrange, and one each in three other rootstocks. Many of these zygotics resulted from cross-pollination. In trifoliate orange, 29 of 846 trees were identified to be on zygotic rootstocks, all apparently resulting from pollination by trifoliate orange. Some trees on zygotic rootstocks were smaller and lower-yielding than trees on nucellar genotypes of the same cultivar, but many were fairly similar to, and a few yielded significantly more than, trees on nucellars. Trees on zygotic rootstocks usually had bud unions that were either significantly more or less smooth than trees on nucellars of the same cultivar. Data from zygotics did not bias results of rootstock trials appreciably. Isozyme analysis of rootstocks in commercial groves or rootstock trials may allow preliminary identification of promising new genotypes resulting from open pollination.
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Widyaningsih, Sri, Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami, Tri Joko, and Siti Subandiyah. "Development of Disease and Growth on Six Scion/Rootstock Combinations of Citrus Seedlings under Huanglongbing Pressure." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 6 (May 15, 2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n6p229.

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Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production in Indonesia. Commonly, the planted rootstocks/scion varieties expressed severely damaged to HLB. This research aimed to study effects of six citrus rootstock/scion combination of varieties on intensity of HLB disease, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), and growth of the seedlings. The grafting combination of three rootstock varieties: Japansche citroen (Citrus limonia Osbeck), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana V. Ten & Pasq), ‘Salam’ (local name), and two scions varieties: ‘Siem Pontianak’ (C. nobilis Lour) and ‘Keprok Tejakula’. ‘Keprok Tejakula’ (C. reticulata Blanco) were used for examination the effect rootstock/scion combination to HLB. Based on symptoms, the onset of disease intensity was observed in eight months after CLas inoculation, except on ‘Salam’ rootstock. The status of CLas inoculation, rootstock/scions varieties and the duration of plant infection influenced to CLas titers. There were inconsistency between HLB symptoms and CLas titers. According to measurement of plant height, and diameter of rootstocks and scion stem, the plant growth of Volkamer lemon rootstock grafted with ‘Siam Purworejo’ scion or ‘Keprok Tejakula’ scion was better than grafted with Japansche citroen and ‘Salam’ rootstocks. Japansche citroen rootstock was more susceptible to HLB than Volkamer lemon and ‘Salam’ rootstocks. Combination of rootstock/scion varieties affected plant tolerance against HLB.
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Hirst, Peter M., and David C. Ferree. "314 ROOTSTOCK EFFECTS ON SHOOT MORPHOLOGY OF `DELICIOUS' APPLE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 475d—475. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.475d.

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One way in which rootstocks may influence production efficiency is by altering the number of spurs, and in particular reproductive spurs. However, rootstock influences on the morpholgy of shoots have not been quantified. Measurements were made on `Starkspur Supreme Delicious' trees growing on 17 rootstocks and planted in 1984 as part of the NC-140 regional rootstock trial. In each of the 6 years from 1988-1993, the length of the 2-year old section of wood of selected branches was measured and the number of spurs, flowers and shoots counted. For all rootstocks, trunk cross-sectional area was closely related to shoot length. Trees on P.22 (the most dwarfing rootstock in the planting) had shoot lengths 40-50% of those of trees on seedling rootstocks. For each rootstock, there was a strong negative relationship between shoot length and spur density, but there was not a common relationship among rootstocks. Similarly, flower number per shoot was also related to shoot length with different relationships for each rootstock. Flower density was not related to vigor for any of the rootstocks.
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Norelli, J. L., H. T. Holleran, W. C. Johnson, T. L. Robinson, and H. S. Aldwinckle. "Resistance of Geneva and Other Apple Rootstocks to Erwinia amylovora." Plant Disease 87, no. 1 (January 2003): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.1.26.

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When vigorously growing shoots of 49 different apple rootstocks grown in a greenhouse were inoculated with different strains of Erwinia amylovora, Budagovsky 9 (B.9), Ottawa 3, Malling 9, and Malling 26 were the most fire blight susceptible rootstocks and Geneva 11, Geneva 65, Geneva 16, Geneva 30, Pillnitzer Au51-11, Malling 7, and several breeding selections were the most resistant. Significant strain—rootstock interactions were observed in the amount of fire blight that resulted from inoculation. Field-grown fruiting ‘Royal Gala’ trees on Geneva 16 and Geneva 30 rootstocks were highly resistant to rootstock infection (no tree mortality) when trees sustained severe blossom infection with E. amylovora, compared with Malling 9 and Malling 26 rootstock clones, which were highly susceptible to infection (36 to 100% tree mortality). In contrast to potted own-rooted B.9 plants inoculated in a greenhouse, B.9 rootstocks of orchard trees appeared resistant to rootstock infection (0% tree mortality). Orchard trees on Geneva 11 were moderately resistant to rootstock infection (25% tree mortality). There was general agreement in the evaluation of resistance under orchard conditions when rootstock resistance was evaluated in relation to controlled blossom inoculation or to natural blossom infection.
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Gurusamy, V., T. D. Warkentin, and A. Vandenberg. "Grafting pea, faba bean, and lentil to improve pulse crop breeding." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92, no. 1 (January 2012): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-124.

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Gurusamy, V., Warkentin, T. D. and Vandenberg, A. 2012. Grafting pea, faba bean, and lentil to improve pulse crop breeding. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 31–38. In vivo grafting experiments were conducted to determine their potential for improving pulse crop breeding techniques for pea, faba bean and lentil. Four scion×five rootstock genotype combinations were used for pea. Survival of grafted pea scions was not affected by genotype of scions or rootstocks, even for wild subspecies. Some scion-rootstock combinations resulted in reduced flowering time for scions. Total seed production of rootstock regrowth plus grafted scion was greater than for ungrafted controls or rooted cuttings. For faba bean, four scion×four rootstock combinations showed scion-rootstock interaction affected percent survival and flowering time of grafted scions. In vivo grafting of lentil scions to faba bean rootstocks is reported for the first time. Two lentil genotypes were grafted onto four faba bean rootstocks. The effects of lentil scion and faba bean rootstock genotype were significant for percent survival, but not for seed production. Percent scion survival was 85% for pea, 56% for faba bean, and 55% for lentil scions on faba bean rootstocks. In vivo grafting techniques can help to maximize the size of F2 populations for breeding and genetic studies. Intergeneric in vivo grafting of lentil onto faba bean rootstock could be useful for interspecific hybridization studies for lentil.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rootstock"

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Young, Deborah, Bob Beede, and Talbott Starlings. "Pistachio Rootstock Evaluation." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215742.

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BIANCHI, DAVIDE. "GRAPEVINE ROOTSTOCK CHARACTERIZATION FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/896313.

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Grapevine is worldwide grafted on rootstocks to create a biological barrier to the phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae). Despite the key role of rootstock in the adaptation to environmental conditions, a limited number of genotypes is available for winegrowers, showing a narrow genetic background. The gap between the importance of rootstocks in abiotic stress tolerance and their low genetic variability leads to consider rootstock breeding as a promising strategy to face climate change. In the last decades, new breeding programs were developed with the aim to provide new rootstocks able to cope with drought and other abiotic stresses. Nowadays, the continuous progress in genetic techniques can assist and accelerate the selection process of new tolerant genotypes. In the present PhD project, several genotypes at different stages in rootstock selection process were analyzed for drought tolerance. The first part of the thesis focused on 3 genotypes belonging to the recent M-series, the second part was about a new selection of 30 genotypes, coming from different breeding programs, and in the last part a breeding population of 141 genotypes was used for a genome wide association study (GWAS). The new M-rootstocks (M1, M3 and M4), recently placed on the market, were compared to traditional rootstocks, in order to better understand their behavior under drought. In a pot experiment under controlled conditions, M1, M3 and M4 were compared to nine rootstocks with different genetic background at decreasing levels of water availability. M-rootstock performance under water deficit was similar to the tolerant rootstocks 1103P and 110R, in both phenotypic and genetic responses to water stress. These rootstocks adopted a strategy of tolerance to face water stress, increasing the water use efficiency (WUE) under deficit conditions. To deeply investigate the behavior of tolerant rootstocks under drought, a second experiment in semi-controlled conditions was set up, comparing M4 to 1103P under progressive water deficit, in grafting combination with V. vinifera cv Pinot Blanc. Similar performances were reported by the two grafting combinations under mild to moderate water deficit, but a different response occurred under sever conditions: 1103P reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration, and carbon assimilation more than M4, which was able to preserve water use efficiency and operating efficiency of photosystem II. In the second part of the thesis 30 new selected genotypes were compared to rootstock M2 for water stress tolerance and nutritional status, in order to characterize the rootstock material before the marketing process and to identify new pre-breeding material. The experiment was carried out in un-grafted conditions for two years and in two experimental fields, characterized by different water availability. Several parameters were analyzed, such as transpiration, WUE, vigor, macronutrients and micronutrients in the leaves. Genotypes ranked for both abiotic stresses and the differences between the two sites allowed to estimate their plasticity for each trait. Finally, a GWA approach was applied on a breeding population, counting 141 genotypes, in order to identify the genomic regions involved in drought tolerance. The population was genotyped with a 18k SNP array, after the validation on non-vinifera germplasm, belonging to a rootstock core-collection of 70 genotypes. Three phenotyping cycles under increasing water deficit were performed on the breeding population under greenhouse-controlled conditions. Vigor, shoot growth rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance and leaf turgor were estimated for each genotype at different water deficit levels. A group of tolerant genotypes with high performance under water deficit condition was identified and used in GWAS approach to detect the loci associated to drought tolerance of rootstocks. In conclusion, this work enhanced the knowledge about rootstock response to water deficit, characterized the water tolerance of a large panel of rootstocks and identified potential target genes for future breeding programs.
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Wright, Glenn C., and Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona – 2002-03." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198117.

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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, ‘Carrizo’ citrange, Citrus macrophylla, ‘Rough Lemon’, Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2002 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is outperforming C. volkameriana. For the second year in a row, ‘Rough Lemon’ trees performed similarly to C. macrophylla and better than C. volkameriana. ‘Swingle’ and Carrizo’ are performing poorly. In two other rootstock evaluation trials, both planted in 1995, C. macrophylla and/or C. volkameriana are outperforming other trifoliate and trifoliate-hybrid rootstocks under test.
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Wright, Glenn C., and Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona – 2005-06." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198101.

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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, ‘Carrizo’ citrange, Citrus macrophylla, ‘Rough Lemon’, Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2005 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is no longer outperforming C. volkameriana. ‘Swingle’ and Carrizo’ are performing poorly.
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Wright, Glenn C., and Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona - 2006-07." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223663.

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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, 'Carrizo' citrange, Citrus macrophylla, 'Rough Lemon', Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2006 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla does not consistently outperform C. volkameriana. 'Swingle' and Carrizo’ are performing poorly.
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Wright, Glenn C., and Marco Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona - 2001-02." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223675.

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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, 'Carrizo' citrange, Citrus macrophylla, 'Rough Lemon', Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2002 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and 'Rough Lemon' are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is outperforming C. volkameriana. For the second year in a row, 'Rough Lemon' trees performed similarly to C. macrophylla and better than C. volkameriana. 'Swingle' and 'Carrizo' are performing poorly. In two other rootstock evaluation trials, both planted in 1995, C. macrophylla and/or C. volkameriana are outperforming other trifoliate and trifoliate-hybrid rootstocks under test.
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Taylor, Kathryn C. "Molecular Basis of Rootstock-Scion Incompatibility in Macrophylla Decline May Reveal Useful Information for Screening Compatible Rootstock-Scion Combinations." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220565.

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Several differentially expressed markers of compatibility or incompatibility were isolated and are being molecularly characterized One marker is present in young Eureka on Macrophylla trees and on Macrophylla decline affected, Eureka on Macrophylla trees, while absent on healthy, Eureka on Macrophylla trees of the same combination. A second marker appears similar to a gene that encodes a Zn-binding homeodomain of a DNA binding protein in plant cells. This particular marker was found in the leaves of healthy trees, but absent in Macrophylla decline trees, which are known to be Zn deficient. Thirty-five markers are being characterized in all.
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Jacobs, Johannes N. (Johannes Nicolaas). "Rootstock and dormancy studies in apple and pear." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52441.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Delayed foliation is commonly observed in apple and pear producing countries with warm and/or short winter climates, resulting in less synchronised budburst, of fewer buds and reduced yield. Applications of rest-breaking agents minimise the symptoms of delayed foliation. According to chilling models used in fruit producing areas of the world, the climate of South Africa is not suitable for deciduous fruit production, however fruit has been successfully produced here for a long time. This study aimed to quantify the effects of freezing temperatures, different chilling temperatures and the period of chilling, to obtain a better knowledge of bud dormancy release on apple and pear shoots. The chilling period was the most important factor influencing the progression of dormancy. While in some cases the chilling temperature and the freeze treatment effects were significant, the contribution to differences in the progression of dormancy was negligible. Our findings indicate that currently used chilling models should emphasise the time of exposure to low temperatures more than the difference in temperatures between I to ro-c. The South African apple and pear industry made good progress in moving towards high density plantings, but large variation in soil types, non-optimum growing conditions, replant situations and a lack experience with dwarfing rootstocks limited further development. However, there is sti II an urgency to obtain higher early yields of good quality fruit applying the most efficient production practices. We aimed to quantify the field performance of locally available apple and pear rootstocks, in particular from data outside of previously reported local trials, as well as early production of newly planted trials. Information obtained form the industry indicates that BPI and BP3 are the preferred pear rootstocks. From production records of 'Packham's Triumph' pears, it appeared that BP3 and OHxF97 produced the best yields compared to the other rootstocks. Production of 'Doyenne du Cornice' was the best on QA and BP3. In newly planted 'Rosemarie', 'Flamingo', and 'Forelle' trials, different rootstocks were evaluated. 'Rosemarie' showed indications 01 incompatibility with QA and QC5 I, but on BPI and QA with a 'Beurre Hardy' interstock produced good initial yields although BPI induced slightly larger trees. 'Flamingo' on QA and QC51 produced the best yields. 'Forelle' on BPI, BP3, and QA produced similar yields up to the 4th leaf. For apples M793 seems to be the preferred rootstock in the South African industry. From production records of 'Golden Delicious' and 'Granny Smith' apples, it appeared that M793 and MM 106 produced the best yields when compared to Seedling rootstock. In a 'Cripps' Pink' trial, MMI09, M793 and M25 were more vigorous than M7, MMlll and MMI06. MMI06 was cumulatively, over four years from planting, the most yield efficient, although no consistent trend regarding fruit quality was observed between the rootstocks evaluated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vertraagde bot word algemeen opgemerk in appel en peer produserende lande met n' warm enlof kort winter klimaat, wat veroorsaak dat bot van minder knoppe, meer ongelyk plaasvind en gevolglik lei tot swakker opbrengste. Toediening van rus-breek middels beperk die simptome van vertraagde bot. Volgens koue modelle wat in vrugte produserende areas in die wereld gebruik word, is Suid Afrika se klimaat nie geskik vir die verbouing van sagtevrugte nie alhoewel sagtevrugte al vir n lang tyd met groot sukses hier verbou word. Hierdie studie is daarop gemik om die effek van vries temperature, verskillende koue temperature en die periode van koue op die vrystelling van dormansie op knoppe van appel en peer lote te kwantifiseer. Die peri ode van koue was die mees belangrikste faktor wat die ontwikkeling van dormansie beinvloed het. In sommige gevalle was die effek van die koue temperature betekenisvol, maar die bydrae tot die verskille in die ontwikkeling van dormansie was weglaatbaar klein. Ons bevindinge dui aan dat die huidige koue modelle wat gebruik word, meer klem moet le op die periode van blootstelling aan koue as aan die effek van verski llende temperature tussen 1 en 10°e. Die Suid Afrikaanse appel en peer bedryf het goeie vordering in die beweging na hoe digtheid aanplantings gemaak, maar groot verskille in grond tipes, sub-optimale groei toestande, herplant probleme en n' tekort aan ondervinding met dwergende onderstamme het verdere ontwikkeling beperk. Ten spyte hiervan is daar steeds n' dringendheid om hcer produksies, van goeie kwaliteit vrugte so vroeg as moontlik te kry deur die toepassing van die mees effektiewe produksie praktyke. Ons het gepoog om die prestasie van plaaslik beskikbare appel en peer onderstamme te kwantifiseer, in besonder deur data wat nog nie van tevore oor verslag gedoen is nie en ook deur te meld van vroee produksies op nuut aangeplante proewe. lnformasie uit die bedryf het aangedui dat BP 1 en BP3 die voorkeur peer onderstamme is. Deur na die produksie geskiedenis van 'Packham's Truimph' pere te kyk kom dit voor of BP3 en OHxF97 die beste produksies in vergelyking met die ander onderstamme gelewer het. Die produksie van 'Doyenne du Com ice' was die beste op QA en BP3. In nuut geplante 'Rosemarie', 'Flamingo', en 'Forelle' pro ev e was verskillende onderstammc gecvalueer. 'Rosemarie' het tekens van onverenigbaarheid getoon met QA en Q 51, maar op BP 1 en QA met n 'Beurre Hardy' tussenstam het 'Rosemarie' goeie aanvanklike opbrengste gel ewer, al was bome op BP 1 effens grater. 'Flamingo' op QA en QCS 1 het die beste opbrengste gelewer. 'Forelle' op BP 1, BP3, en QA het ongeveer ewe veel tot die 4dc blad geproduseer. By appels is M793 die voorkeur onderstam van die Suid-Afrikaanse appel bedryf. M793 en MM 106 gee beter opbrengste as Saailing onderstam wanner die produksie geskiedenis van 'Golden Delicious' en 'Granny Smith' appels evalueer word. In n' 'Cripps' Pink' proefwas MMI09, M793 en M2S meer groeikragtig as M7, MMlil en MMI06. MM I 06 het kumulatief meer geproduseer en was ook meer produsie doeltreffend tot en met die 4de blad na plant. Daar was egter geen konstante neiging rakende vrug kwaliteit tussen die verskillende onderstamme wat getoets is nie.
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CARAMANICO, LEILA. "STUDY OF GRAPEVINE ROOTSTOCK RESPONSE TO WATER STRESS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/707586.

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More than 80% of vineyards around the world use grafted plants: a scion of Vitis vinifera grafted onto a rootstock of single or interspecific hybrids of American Vitis species, resistant or partially resistant to Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch, 1856)). The genetic variability of grapevine rootstocks plays a fundamental role in their adaptation to the environment (Serra et al., 2013). In the climate change scenario, predicting an increase of aridity in the near future (Dai, 2013), the more frequent and severe drought events may represent the major constrain for the future of viticulture (IPCC, 2018; Schultz, 2000). Therefore, the selection of new rootstocks able to cope with unfavourable environmental condition is a key asset, as well as a strategy to improve crop yield/vegetative growth balance on scion behaviour (Corso and Bonghi, 2014). So far, the influence of rootstock on scion physiological performance during water stress has always aroused great interest. On the contrary, the scion impact on rootstock response is still less debated. Therefore, the effect of grafting on rootstock behaviour have been investigated. Phenotypical and large-scale whole transcriptome analyses on two genotypes, a drought-susceptible (101-14) and a drought-tolerant (1103 P), own-rooted and grafted with Cabernet Sauvignon, subjected to a gradual water shortage in semi-controlled environmental conditions have been performed. The ungrafted condition affected photosynthesis and transpiration, meaning the decisive role of scion in modulation of gas exchanges and in general in plant adaptation. Molecular evidence highlighted that the scion delays the stimulus perception and rootstock reactivity to drought. Since 1985, the DiSAA research group operating at the University of Milan is carrying on a rootstock crossbreeding program which has led to the release of four genotypes: M1, M2, M3 and M4. They show from moderate to high tolerance to drought (M4 > M1 = M3 > M2). In order to characterize their performance during water stress, their physiological (gas exchanges and stem water potential) and transcriptome response (genes involved in ABA-synthesis and ABA-mediated responses to drought) under well-watered and water stress conditions were examined. The behaviour of M-rootstocks (M1, M2 and M3) was compared with that of other commercial genotypes largely used in viticulture, either tolerant (140 Ru, 41 B, 110 R, 1103 P), less tolerant (SO 4, K 5BB) and susceptible (420 A and Schwarzman). Discriminant analysis (DA) showed that when water availability starts to decrease, rootstocks firstly perceives the stress activating a transcriptome response, consequently physiological changes have been observed. It also demonstrated that the three M-rootstocks were clearly discriminated: M4 was grouped with the most tolerant genotypes while M3 with the less tolerant or susceptible ones from a physiological standpoint, confirming their different attitude to tolerate water stress. M4 has proven to be a promising rootstock due to its ability to adapt to drought conditions. Considering the constant great demand for vine planting materials, the obtainment of genetically homogeneous populations (i.e. clones) from elite individuals through micropropagation represents a rapid alternative to conventional multiplication. For this reason, an efficient high-throughput protocol for M4 in vitro propagation was set up. Its attitude to shooting, root development and callus proliferation was compared to that of other rootstocks largely used in viticulture (K5BB, 1103P, 101-14 and 3309C). Moreover, pro-embryogenic and embryogenic callus from bud explants were also produced, representing a cellular material manipulable with the genetic engineering techniques. In water scarcity condition, among the mechanisms activated by M4, the great ability to scavenge ROS, related to the increased accumulation of stilbenes and flavonoids, may be such as to give it tolerance to the stress. In particular, the higher levels of trans-resveratrol were correlated with the up-regulation of some stilbene synthase genes, mainly VvSTS16, VvSTS18, VvSTS27 and VvSTS29. The over expression of these genes was linked to a structural variation in their promoter region. To confirm that VvSTSs genes may be considered putative factors of M4 better adaptation to water stress, a genome editing protocol based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system, aimed at knock-out the genes, was performed. For testing the gRNAs functionality, a transient assay on in vitro micropropagated plantlets of M4 and 101-14 was performed. The positive results obtained by this experiment will lead to the transformation of somatic embryos and regeneration of whole-edited plants using the vectors developed.
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Madeira, Cláudia Isabel Delgado. "Estudo comparativo do comportamento agronómico de cinco clones de perreira (Pyrus communis L.) cv. Rocha em três porta-enxertos." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5327.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
With the aim of evaluating the potential of five ‘Rocha’ pear clones (1, 2, 4c, T and Z), a field trial was conducted at APAS orchard, located in Cadaval (Sobrena). All the clones were grafted onto Provence BA-29, EMA and Sydo rootstocks and trees grown under identical soil and climate conditions. The agronomic characteristics and economic results were evaluated from 2006 until 2011 corresponding to the 5th and 10th year of the orchard. The field trial indicated that there isn’t an ideal combination of clone/rootstock leading to earlier pear production, trees with medium vigour, high fruit size, rounded shape fruits and good fruit quality. Combinations of Z/Sydo, 2/Sydo and T/Sydo reached the highest yields per unit/tree while the most productive was T/Sydo followed by Z/Sydo with a revenue of 42.968,3 €.ha-1 and 38.551,7 €.ha-1, respectively. Among the clones there were slight differences in fruit quality, the clones 4c, 1 and T produced pears with the highest fruit size and roundest shape fruits while the fruits of the clone T had the highest total solid soluble content. The rootstock Sydo achieved better results when comparing to BA-29 and EMA, resulting in earlier production of pears and increased yields, high fruit size and better shaped fruits.
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Books on the topic "Rootstock"

1

Jackson, Wayland Bryant. Rootstock: A family book. Fresno, CA. (2203 W. Norwich, Fresno 93705): The Authors, 1998.

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Buhr, Denise K. A penny saved: Or-- The window rootstock, fully loded. Englewood, Colorado: Pioneer Drama Service, Inc., 2011.

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Rootstock Seminar (1992 Reno, Nev.). Rootstock Seminar: A worldwide perspective : proceedings, Reno, Nevada, 24 June 1992. Edited by Wolpert James A, Walker M. Andrew, Weber Ed, Whiting John R, Southey James M, Wolpert James A, Walker Andrew M, Smith W. G, Golino Deborah, and American Society for Enology and Viticulture. Davis, CA: Published by the American Society for Encology & Viticulture, 1992.

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Holefors, Anna. Genetic transformation of the apple rootstock M26 with genes influencing growth properties. Alnarp: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 1999.

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Ontario. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Apple Rootstocks. S.l: s.n, 1990.

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Pongrácz, D. P. Rootstocks for grape-vines. [Totowa, N.J: Barnes & Nobles Books, 1985.

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Seavert, Clark F. Orchard economics: The costs and returns of establishing and producing medium density Braeburn apples on M7a rootstock utilizing a three wire trellis system in the Hood River Valley. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1995.

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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. Grape Rootstocks and Related Species. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5.

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Glen, Shaffer Raymond, and Oregon State University. Extension Service., eds. Grapevine rootstocks for Oregon vineyards. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 2004.

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Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation (Australia), ed. Using grapevine rootstocks: The Australian perspective. Adelaide: Winetitles, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rootstock"

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Long, Lynn E., Gregory A. Lang, and Clive Kaiser. "Sweet cherry rootstocks." In Sweet cherries, 66–85. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786398284.0066.

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Abstract All commercial sweet cherry trees are either budded or grafted. This chapter deals with sweet cherry rootstocks. Rootstocks are used for several purposes: (i) ease for propagating and producing more trees of a superior cultivar; (ii) better adaptation to particular soil or site characteristics; and (iii) the potential improvement of production due to additional traits like precocious flowering, higher productivity, and greater or reduced scion vigor as appropriate. Unfortunately, no one rootstock can satisfy all the requirements for consistently producing high yields of large, firm fruit of premium quality. Growers are advised to consider carefully the effects of each specific scion-rootstock combination as a function of environmental and cultural practices when replanting an orchard. Selecting the proper rootstock depends not only on the management skills of the grower, but also on the scion cultivar, training system, and site climate and soil selected for the orchard. Dwarfing, semi-dwarfing and even semi-vigorous rootstocks have major economic advantages over full-size rootstocks. The development of these new, precocious rootstocks has been almost as significant to the sweet cherry industry as to the apple industry several decades ago. When compared to Mazzard, Colt and even Mahaleb, size-controlling rootstocks have allowed sweet cherry growers an opportunity to plant high density, pedestrian orchards that become profitable more quickly, are more readily protected with orchard covering systems, and promote greater labor efficiency, easier management, and a safer and more productive work environment.
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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. "Choosing Grape Rootstock." In Grape Rootstocks and Related Species, 93–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5_9.

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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. "Grape Scion and Rootstock." In Grape Rootstocks and Related Species, 31–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5_4.

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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. "Function of Grape Rootstock." In Grape Rootstocks and Related Species, 89–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5_8.

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Badenes, Maria L., Francisco Gil-Muñoz, and Takuya Tetsumura. "Rootstock Breeding and Propagation." In Compendium of Plant Genomes, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05584-3_4.

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Forner-Giner, Maria Angeles, Alberto Continella, and Jude W. Grosser. "Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Selection." In Compendium of Plant Genomes, 49–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15308-3_5.

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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. "Abiotic Stresses and Rootstock Selection." In Grape Rootstocks and Related Species, 63–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5_6.

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Rahemi, Alireza, Jean C. Dodson Peterson, and Karl True Lund. "Biotic Stresses and Rootstock Selection." In Grape Rootstocks and Related Species, 39–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99407-5_5.

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Fazio, Gennaro, Terence L. Robinson, and Herb S. Aldwinckle. "The Geneva Apple Rootstock Breeding Program." In Plant Breeding Reviews: Volume 39, 379–424. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119107743.ch08.

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Fazio, Gennaro, Terence L. Robinson, and Herb S. Aldwinckle. "The Geneva Apple Rootstock Breeding Program." In Plant Breeding Reviews: Volume 39, 379–424. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119107743.ch8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rootstock"

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Milošević, Nebojša, Ivana Glišić, Milena Đorđević, Sanja Radičević, and Slađana Marić. "UTICAJ NOVIH VEGETATIVNIH PODLOGA NA BUJNOST, PRINOS I POMOLOŠKE OSOBINE SORTI ŠLJIVE „ČAČANSKA LEPOTICA“ I „JOJO“." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.161m.

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Despite numerous deficiencies, the Myrobalan seedling is the most common plum rootstock in the Republic of Serbia. Although a large number of vegetative rootstocks exists worldvide, they are generally not available to producers in our country. In this work, we investigae the influence of four vegetative rootstocks: ʻWavitʼ, ʻWeivaʼ, ʻDoceraʼ and ʻDospinaʼ (last two are hypersensitive to Sharka virus) on tree vigour, yield and pomological properties of two plum cultivars ʻJojoʼ and ʻC ačanska Lepoticaʼ. All rootstocks differently affected examined properties. The largest tree vigour in both cultivars was caused by ‘Weiva’, while the smallest tree vigour of ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ was affected by ‘Docera’ and ‘Wavit’, as well as by ‘Dospina’ in ‘Jojo’. The highest yield was induced by ‘Weiva’, and smallest by ‘Docera’ and ‘Wavit’. Rootstocks ‘Weiva’ and ‘Wavit’ showed the largest influence on fruit weight while ‘Dospina’ and ‘Wavit’ affected morphometric properties the most. In terms of cultivars, ‘Jojo’ had largest tree vigour, yield, fruit weight and morphometric properties compared to ‘Čačanska Lepotica’.
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Doltu, Mădălina, Dorin Sora, Marian Bogoescu, and Veronica Tănasă. "IDENTIFICATION OF SOME CUCURBITACEOUS ROOTSTOCKS FOR VEGETABLE CROPS IN ROMANIA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/05.

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This study aimed to identification of some rootstocks for cucurbitaceous vegetables and their influence on cultures. These vegetables (cucumber, watermelon, melon) are very popular crops in Romania. Vegetable crops are very sensitive to climatic vagaries, so fluctuation in climatic parameters at any phase of growth can affect the yield. Grafting on Cucurbitaceae is a method which has improved and spread quickly during the past years, a similar approach to crop rotation, a practice meant to increase productivity, resistance or tolerance to soil diseases and pests, as well as to abiotic factors and at increasing fruit quality. The research was conducted at the Horting Institute, Bucharest, Romania. Several aspects are taken into account in the use of rootstocks: environmental adaptability, quality fruit, resistance/tolerance for soil diseases and pests, drought, floods, soil salinization, heavy metal content, organic pollutants. Some resistant rootstocks have been identified worldwide (PS1313, RS841, bottle-gourd, NUN-9075, Argentario, PI296341 and others). Several rootstocks are very used in Romania for conventional and ecological crops (UG 29A, Shintoza, Emphasis, Cobalt and others). Following the studies undertaken on research trials in the greenhouses, many rootstock genotypes were selected and tested in the Horting Institute and some results are presented in this paper.
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Grosser, Jude W. "The Role of Biotechnology in the Development of Improved Citrus Scion and Rootstock Cultivars." In ASME 1992 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1992-3802.

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The development of improved citrus and scion rootstock cultivars has been limited by several factors, including complex reproductive biology, extended juvenility, and a lack of support and continuity of long-termed conventional breeding programs (Gmitter et al., 1991). Most commercially important scion and rootstock cultivars have arisen from the selection of bud-sport mutations within existing clones or by chance seedling selections. However, there are a few important scion and rootstock cultivars that were developed by conventional breeding. Such scion cultivars are mandarin hybrids developed by USDA breeders, primarily tangelos (mandarin x grapefruit hybrids) and tangors (mandarin x sweet orange hybrids) including ‘Minneola’, ‘Orlando’, ‘Nova’, ‘Page’, ‘Robinson’, ‘Fairchild’, ‘Sunburst’ (Saunt, 1990), and more recently ‘Fall Glo’ and ‘Ambersweet’ (C.J. Hearn, personal communication). Important rootstock cultivars developed by conventional breeding include Swingle citrumelo (grapefruit x trifoliate orange hybrid) and Carrizo and Troyer citranges (sweet orange x trifoliate orange hybrid). Because of renewed interest and the development of improved breeding parents, sexual hybridization will play an increasingly important role in citrus cultivar improvement. The integration of emerging biotechnologies with conventional breeding methods will facilitate and expedite citrus cultivar improvement. Paper published with permission.
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Doltu, Mădălina, Dorin Sora, and Vlad Bunea. "RESULTS OF SOME ROMANIAN TOMATO AND EGGPLANT CULTIVARS GRAFTED ONTO INTERSPECIFIC (GENUS LYCOPERSICON) ROOTSTOCK." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/21.

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This experience aims at identifying an optimal rootstock for Romanian tomato and eggplant cultivars and the influence on plant yield and growth. These vegetables (tomato and eggplant) are very important crops worldwide and in Romania. Tomato and eggplant plants are very sensitive to climatic fluctuations and can affect fruit yield. Grafting on species from the Solanaceae family is a practice that increases productivity, fruit quality, resistance to diseases and pests, abiotic factors. The work was conducted at the Horting Research Institute, Romania. The biological material used was different tomato and eggplant; two scions, Siriana F1 (tomato), Luiza variety (eggplant) and a rootstock, Emperador F1 (tomato). The Emperador rootstock and others are very used in worldwide for ecological and conventional cultures. By comparing the tomato and the eggplant yield of the researched grafted and non-grafted variants it has been shown that grafted cultivars have had very good values, being higher with 19.78% and 29.13% than at non-grafted plants. Following the studies undertaken in the research greenhouse period 2019-2020, a rootstock from genus Lycopersicum (Emperador) was tested and some results are in this scientific paper.
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Liang Zhao. "A correlated analysis of maize rootstock traits and lodging resistance." In 2014 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wartia.2014.6976342.

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Dronik, A. A. "BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND PRODUCTIVITY CHERRY VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-20.

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The article presents the results of the first stage of studying the introduced cherry varieties Korneevskaya, Turgenevskaya, grafted on a medium-sized rootstock VC-13. The results of the study of biometric indicators of growth strength and productivity of cherry varieties in arid conditions of the Northern Caspian Sea are presented.
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Carmello Crisafulli Machado and Ithamar Prada Neto. "ROOT EFFICIENCY OF THE 'RANGPUR' LIME ROOTSTOCK UNDER LOCALIZED IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13812.

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Wu, Kang, Wei Luo, Jianzhong Lou, Chen Li, and Jianping Li. "Design and Experiment of Clamping Device for Grafting Rootstock of Melon Vegetables." In 2021 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 12-16, 2021. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202100397.

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Yu-qiu, Song, Xin Ming-jin, Ding Hong-yu, Zhang Xiu-fang, and Hu Yan-qing. "Process control system for scion and rootstock feeding of vegetable grafting machine." In Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology (EMEIT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emeit.2011.6023781.

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Wakefield, Sam, Bruce Topp, and Mobashwer Alam. "Crown Position and Rootstock Genotype Influence Leaf Stomatal Density in Macadamia sp." In IECPS 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2021-11922.

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Reports on the topic "Rootstock"

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Cohen, Roni, Kevin Crosby, Menahem Edelstein, John Jifon, Beny Aloni, Nurit Katzir, Haim Nerson, and Daniel Leskovar. Grafting as a strategy for disease and stress management in muskmelon production. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7613874.bard.

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The overall objective of this research was to elucidate the horticultural, pathological, physiological and molecular factors impacting melon varieties (scion) grafted onto M. cannonballus resistant melon and squash rootstocks. Specific objectives were- to compare the performance of resistant melon germplasm (grafted and non-grafted) when exposed to M. cannoballus in the Lower Rio Grande valley and the Wintergarden, Texas, and in the Arava valley, Israel; to address inter-species relationships between a Monosporascus resistant melon rootstock and susceptible melon scions in terms of fruit-set, fruit quality and yield; to study the factors which determine the compatibility between the rootstock and the scion in melon; to compare the responses of graft unions of differing compatibilities under disease stress, high temperatures, deficit irrigation, and salinity stress; and to investigate the effect of rootstock on stress related gene expression in the scion. Some revisions were- to include watermelon in the Texas investigations since it is much more economically important to the state, and also to evaluate additional vine decline pathogens Didymella bryoniae and Macrophomina phaseolina. Current strategies for managing vine decline rely heavily on soil fumigation with methyl bromide, but restrictions on its use have increased the need for alternative management strategies. Grafting of commercial melon varieties onto resistant rootstocks with vigorous root systems is an alternative to methyl bromide for Monosporascus root rot/vine decline (MRR/VD) management in melon production. Extensive selection and breeding has already produced potential melon rootstock lines with vigorous root systems and disease resistance. Melons can also be grafted onto Cucurbita spp., providing nonspecific but efficient protection from a wide range of soil-borne diseases and against some abiotic stresses, but compatibility between the scion and the rootstock can be problematic. During the first year experiments to evaluate resistance to the vine decline pathogens Monosporascus cannonballus, Didymella bryoniae, and Macrophomina phaseolina in melon and squash rootstocks proved the efficacy of these grafted plants in improving yield and quality. Sugars and fruit size were better in grafted versus non-grafted plants in both Texas and Israel. Two melons (1207 and 124104) and one pumpkin, Tetsukabuto, were identified as the best candidate rootstocks in Texas field trials, while in Israel, the pumpkin rootstock RS59 performed best. Additionally, three hybrid melon rootstocks demonstrated excellent resistance to both M. cannonballus and D. bryoniae in inoculated tests, suggesting that further screening for fruit quality and yield should be conducted. Experiments with ABA in Uvalde demonstrated a significant increase in drought stress tolerance and concurrent reduction in transplant shock due to reduced transpiration for ‘Caravelle’ plants. In Israel, auxin was implicated in reducing root development and contributing to increased hydrogen peroxide, which may explain incompatibility reactions with some squash rootstocks. However, trellised plants responded favorably to auxin (NAA) application at the time of fruit development. Gene expression analyses in Israel identified several cDNAs which may code for phloem related proteins, cyclins or other factors which impact the graft compatibility. Manipulation of these genes by transformation or traditional breeding may lead to improved rootstock cultivars. Commercial applications of the new melon rootstocks as well as the ABA and TIBA growth regulators have potential to improve the success of grafted melons in both Israel and Texas. The disease resistance, fruit quality and yield data generated by the field trials will help producers in both locations to decide what rootstock/scion combinations will be best.
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2

Cohen, Shabtai, Melvin Tyree, Amos Naor, Alan N. Lakso, Terence L. Robinson, and Yehezkiel Cohen. Influence of hydraulic properties of rootstocks and the rootstock-scion graft on water use and productivity of apple trees. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7587219.bard.

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This one year exploratory project investigated hydraulic architecture of apple dwarfing rootstocks. The hypothesis was that hydraulic conductance is correlated with rootstock vigor. A previous study of trees on three rootstocks in Israel showed that dwarfed trees used less water than un-dwarfed trees. Analysis showed that if the tree maintains leaf water potentials above minimum values, then this implies that the dwarfed trees have lower leaf conductance, which may also be the cause of dwarfing. The current project studied small 2-year old unworked rootstock trees, and full sized trees bearing commercial yields. In both cases hydraulic conductance was determined with two methods - the non-destructive evaporative flux (EF)-leaf water potential (L WP) method, and a destructive method in which water was forced through the plant at known pressure using the "high pressure flow meter" (HPFM). Detailed work allowed measurement of conductance of the rootstock-scion union. This was achieved both with the HPFM and with the EF-LWP methods, the former in the US and the latter in Israel. Direct measurements of leaf conductance were made, and carbon isotope ratios ( d ¹³ C) were determined for leaves sampled at the end of the season. The latter can indicate sustained differences in leaf conductance behavior. HPFM and EF-LWP methods did not give the same results. In the small plants results were similar in magnitude, but not significantly correlated. In large trees, EF- L WP measurements were a fraction of those obtained with the HPFM. The latter indicates that some of the xylem is not normally functional but transports water when pressurized. Additional experimental work targeted this result. Xylem was stained before and after perfusion with water at high pressure. This showed that at least for one rootstock a significant amount of xylem was blocked before perfusion. The "air method" for determining xylem vessel properties was improved and employed. Length, radius and density of xylem vessels of different rootstocks were found to be similar, and significant differences found were not clearly related to rootstock vigor. Measurements in the commercial orchard in Israel showed that the graft union in a dwarfing rootstock was a large obstacle for water transport (i.e. had a high resistance). This apparently led to low leaf conductance to water vapor, as indicated by lower d ¹³ C, which implies low internal CO ₂ concentrations. In the US orchard, d ¹³ C in 2001 was correlated with rootstock vigor, and significant differences were found in leaf conductance. However, the d ¹³ C differences were not observed in 2002, were opposite to those found in the Israeli orchard, and measurements of the graft union with the HPFM did not find large resistances. We speculate that the graft union is not necessarily a large impediment to water transport unless the scion starts to separate from the rootstock. It was concluded that significant differences in hydraulic conductance exist between different dwarfing rootstocks. These differences may be caused by differences in xylem properties and in the degree of cavitation, as well as resistance in the graft union. However, no general relationship to rootstock vigor was found. Therefore, hydraulic conductance alone cannot explain dwarfing, but may be one of two or more factors that lead to dwarfing. Future work should integrate more factors with hydraulic relations, e.g. nutrient and solute transport and production of hormones.
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3

Domoto, Paul A., and Wayne B. Roush. Apple Cultivar by Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-674.

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4

Takle, Bryn, Diana Cochran, and Lynn Schroeder. Seventh Year Performance of Honeycrisp Grafted on Dwarfing Rootstocks of the NC-140 Regional Apple Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1615.

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5

Rippke, Mark, Diana Cochran, and Lynn Schroeder. Eighth Year Performance of Honeycrisp Grafted on Dwarfing Rootstocks of the NC-140 Regional Apple Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2032.

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6

Rippke, Glen, Diana Cochran, and Lynn Schroeder. Sixth Year Performance of Honeycrisp Grafted on 31 Dwarfing Rootstocks of the NC-140Regional Apple Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-45.

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7

Domoto, Paul A., and Barbara Smith. Western Iowa 1992 Apple Cultivar × Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2477.

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8

Domoto, Paul, and Lynn Schroeder. Fourth Year Performance of Honeycrisp on 31 Dwarfing Rootstocks of the NC-140 2010 Regional Apple Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2538.

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9

Domoto, Paul A., and Barbara C. Smith. Western Iowa 1992 Apple Cultivar x Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1319.

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10

Cochran, Diana, Paul Domoto, and Lynn Schroeder. Fifth Year Performance of Honeycrisp Grafted on 31 Dwarfing Rootstocks of the NC-140 2010 Regional Apple Rootstock Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-728.

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