Journal articles: 'Roots'

1

Skaggs, Todd H., and Peter J. Shouse. "Roots and Root Function: Introduction." Vadose Zone Journal 7, no. 3 (August 2008): 1008–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0076.

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2

Hassan, Affendy, Dorte Bodin Dresbøll, and Kristian Thorup-Kristensen. "Naturally coloured roots as a tool for studying root interactions in mixed cropping." Plant, Soil and Environment 67, No. 12 (December 10, 2021): 700–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/154/2021-pse.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the usage of species with coloured roots to study root growth patterns during intercropping. Red beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. Detroit), having clear red roots, was used in a semi-field and field experiment to allow identification and quantification of roots of the individual species in the mixture. In the field experiment, red beet was strip intercropped with lucerne (Medicago sativa L. cv. Creno) and kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. Sabellica), respectively while the red beet-lucerne intercropping was conducted in large rhizoboxes where root growth distribution and <sup>15</sup>N isotope uptake was determined. The study confirmed that the direct visual measurement of root growth using species with coloured roots and indirect tracer uptake measurements contributed to the success of studying root growth dynamics in intercropping systems. Red beet root intensity was not considerably affected by the strip intercropping when the crops were established at the same time, but when established between existing lucerne strips, a reduction in roots at the border row was shown. Lucerne and kale were both observed to be able to exploit the deep soil layers beneath the red beet border row.

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3

Reșceanu, Ion. "Monarchy by Divine Right as per the Books of Kings in “The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius”." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.2.3.

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The present study aims to address the issue of monarchy by divine right in The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius, which, due to its defining role in the most important work of the Romanian Middle Ages, allows one to observe how Saint Neagoe Basarab bases his teachings on references to the Holy Scriptures and to the Old Testament in particular. Furthermore, the chosen topic allows one to also understand the specific pillars of Slavic Byzantine Eastern theological culture which Neagoe Basarab highlights authentically and originally in his remarkable work.

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Manolache, Ioan-Daniel. "Levirate Marriage – An Overview of an Ancient Matrimonial Custom." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.1.3.

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This paper utilizes historical-critical analysis to elucidate the ancient institution of levirate marriage, a type of marital union attested in Assyria, Ugarit, Hatti, ancient Israel, and beyond. It investigates the socio-cultural logic underlying levirate practices as well as their ramifications upon communal dynamics. Through examination of biblical episodes concerning Judah and Tamar along with Boaz and Ruth, two illuminating case studies emerge that reveal the complex interplay of kinship ties, lineage preservation, inheritance rights, and evolving cultural mores governing this marital custom over time. Expanding the historical lens, the study explores post-antiquity manifestations of levirate ideals resurfacing during the Middle Ages and modern period. Yet despite sporadic echoes across human civilization, levirate marriage remains an almost extinct phenomenon today – one largely confined to antiquity. By training a spotlight on ancient Near Eastern sources alongside salient biblical narratives, this investigation unveils the once prominent but now obscure levirate tradition which empowered past generations while also spurring social tensions, informing timeless tropes of sexuality and widowhood, and catalysing legal reforms over successive epochs.

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Vlaicu, Patriciu-Dorin. "Biblical and Canonical Grounds for assuming the fulfilment of Man in the Ecclesial Ministry." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.1.5.

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This text explores the path towards human fulfilment in ecclesial ministry. It sees man's call to growth as a path to realizing one's God-given potential. Although sin obscures this call, God gently guides man toward renewal, culminating in Christ's restorative work. Seeking the kingdom reorients one's priorities toward eternity and aligns personal gifts with God's will. The Church nurtures these gifts, making each believer a vital, responsible member of Christ's Body. Through partaking of grace, one becomes a witness to the world. However, authentic Christian living requires continual purification. The calling to priesthood represents the pinnacle of service through total dedication. Chosen for their maturity and theological grounding, priests devote themselves completely to equipping believers for ministry. Necessary qualities include blamelessness, prudence, and virtuous living. Pastoral ministry starts from an inner call later confirmed by the Church. One who feels drawn to service and theological study discovers through this process a crystallization of vocation, assuming responsibility for living out God's gifts.

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Morariu, Maxim (Iuliu-Marius). "“The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius” – a Historiographic Retrospective." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.2.2.

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On the commemoration of five centuries after the death of Romanian Ruling Prince Neagoe Basarab (1512-1521), one of the most important representatives of cultural resistance on Romanian territory in the Middle Ages, the author of the present paper shines a light on the history, context and influences of his masterpiece, The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius. Thus, the paper highlights Neagoe Basarab’s prophetic side, how his writings bring education to his people or the influences of authors like Basil I the Macedonian or Constantine Porphyrogenites on his style and ideas. At the same time, due attention is given to the influence of his work of patristic voices such as St John Chrysostom, Dionysius the Areopagite, John Climacus or mystical authors such as Varlaam și Iosafat, to his way of thinking, and the metamorphosis of his ideas. Furthermore, potential influences such as the one of Machiavelli and his chief work, The Prince, are also brought to attention in the paper, emphasising that there are voices that persist in the claim that the Italian author may have influenced Neagoe Basarab’s activity. The paper concludes, among other things, that, through his work, Neagoe Basarab managed to pave the way for Humanist culture on Romanian territory.

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Moldovan, Alexandru. "Portrait of St. John the Baptist in the prologue of the Fourth Gospel." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.1.2.

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This article analyses the portrait of John the Baptist in the prologue of the Gospel of John. It explores both the hymnic prologue (Jn 1:6-8.15) which speaks of John as the witness “sent by God” to testify to the coming Light, as well as the narrative prologue (Jn 1:19-34) where John denies being the Messiah but points to the “Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.” The study excavates the mission, role, and testimony of the Baptizer in preparing the way for Christ. Though subordinate to Jesus, John is presented as the first and paradigmatic witness who actualizes the prophetic tradition to proclaim the arrival of the long-awaited salvation. His testimony progresses from affirming the unknown presence of the One “standing among you” to explicitly identifying Jesus as the pre-existent Son. While the Johannine prologue features multiple witnesses to Christ, John the Baptist is the foremost herald who fades humbly into the background once the Bridegroom appears. As the study unpacks this rich, multi-layered portrait across the opening chapters of John's Gospel, it illuminates John's vital function in revealing the incarnate Logos to the world.

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Bora, Ion-Sorin. "Theodore of Mopsuestia – an exponential exegete of the Antiochian School in the golden age of Christianity." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.1.1.

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This paper explores the life and work of Theodore of Mopsuestia, a key exponent of the Antiochene school of biblical interpretation. After providing biographical background situating Theodore as a student of Libanius and Diodore of Tarsus, the article outlines the history of the School of Antioch and Theodore's role as a teacher propagating principles of grammatical-historical exegesis. His prolific writings included commentaries on much of Scripture, though his interpretation emphasized the literal sense while downplaying typological readings. Doctrinally, Theodore combatted contemporary heresies but evidenced questionable Christology himself. He spoke of two subjects or persons in Christ and rejected the communication of attributes between Christ's divinity and humanity. Though initially orthodox, Theodore's theology anticipated Nestorian ideas, leading Cyril of Alexandria to critique his work. Ultimately the Fifth Ecumenical Council condemned Theodore posthumously. Modern scholarship has aimed to rehabilitate his legacy by distinguishing his use of terminology, assessing newly discovered writings, and analysing translation issues, yet his condemnation has not been overturned. Thus, this study presents a complex picture of this exegetical pioneer – a creative, ingenious interpreter who crossed boundaries into heterodoxy.

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Mihăilă, Alexandru. "The Teachings of Amenemope and the Book of Proverbs of Solomon (22:17-24:22)." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.2.5.

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The study explores the links between the Teachings of Amenemope from Ancient Egypt and the Proverbs of Solomon book. Egyptologist Erman observed the first connections. Since then, there have been hypotheses about the Proverbs author’s access to Amenemope’s text. Analysis reveals significant parallels between the two works – calls for obedience, respect for the poor and elderly, and warnings against greed. The author also highlights specific adaptations to Israelite realities and beliefs. He notes the Egyptian influence on biblical wisdom, with the author redefining this wisdom in an Israelite context. The influences point to a universalist view, transcending cultural boundaries, with the search for wisdom from diverse sources.

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10

Chirilă, Ioan. "“The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab” – a Manual of Leadership and a Model of Dynamic Embodiment of the Eternal Word." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.2.1.

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The work of the Wallachian ruler Neagoe Basarab “The Teachings to his son Theodosius” remains an essential landmark of medieval Romanian culture and spirituality. The writing synthesizes an original vision of Christian teaching with the great models of universal political thought, becoming a manual for future rulers. Its importance is reflected in its overwhelming influence on later Romanian culture, as well as in the timeliness of its perspective on leadership based on enduring values. This study highlights the author's multiple sources of inspiration, harmoniously integrating biblical, patristic and philosophical traditions in a work that goes beyond medieval political treatises. From a theological perspective, the writing reflects a unified conception of divine revelation, promoting a mystical pedagogy that proposes a model of integral human formation. And the virtues and values enunciated have universal anthropological resonances. Thus, the integral message of Neagoe Basarab's work is not only a major expression of local political literature but also a permanent invitation to rediscover the Christian ethos that was the basis of European culture. And the recovery of this spiritual paradigm remains indispensable for overcoming the contemporary crisis.

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11

Perșa, Răzvan. "The Importance of the Holy Scripture within the Canonical Tradition of the Orthodox Church." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.1.4.

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This paper examines the views of Orthodox canonists on the relationship between the Holy Scripture and Canon Law in current academic research. It explores two general positions within Orthodox Canon Law: one that considers the Holy Scripture as a fundamental source of Canon Law, and another that postulates a conflict between the principles of love and grace found in Scripture and the legal aspects of Canon Law. The first position categorizes the Holy Scripture as divine written law, while the Holy Tradition is seen as divine unwritten law. The sources of law are further classified into fundamental, historical, and practical sources. The division of Canon Law also includes distinctions such as divine or natural Church Law, common law versus law, and old law versus new law. The text references various canonists and their works to support these classifications. It highlights the understanding of contemporary Orthodox canonists who continue to recognize the Holy Scripture as a source of divine written law, emphasizing the importance of formulating human laws by divine justice. In general, it is emphasized that all the canons of the Church included in the fundamental collection, being regarded as an essential part of the Patristic tradition and the synodal manifestation of the Church, can be understood as manifestations of the ecclesial experience across time and space, guided by the divine grace of the Holy Spirit, and as a continuation of biblical rules and norms.

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12

Vatamanu, Cătălin. "The Biblical Model of Humble Authority in “The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius”." Romanian Orthodox Old Testament Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/roots.2023.2.4.

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From a methodological point of view, the present research focuses on the fundamental aspects of Old-Testament monarchic theology, identifying them wherever they stand out in The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius. The aim of this endeavour is threefold: first, to highlight the excellence of biblical values via direct references to the biblical text, mostly to the Old Testament, second, to underline the high leadership principles of the great ruler in question, as well as the responsibility he bears in mind in conveying them to his successor to the throne, and third, the fundamental goal of this research, namely to highlight the coherence, fluency, harmony and axiology of the text’s rhetoric, as an exceptional literary model and treasure of Romanian literature, a testimony and testament, a source and resource for the life of society and the Church over the centuries.

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13

Ferdaus, Md Jannatul, Ezzine Chukwu-Munsen, Aline Foguel, and Roberta Claro da Silva. "Taro Roots: An Underexploited Root Crop." Nutrients 15, no. 15 (July 27, 2023): 3337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15153337.

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Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is a root crop that remains largely underutilized and undervalued despite its abundance and affordability. In comparison to other root vegetables, such as potatoes, yams, carrots, and cassava, taro stands out as a plentiful and low-cost option. As global hunger increases, particularly in Africa, it becomes essential to address food insecurity by maximizing the potential of existing food resources, including taro, and developing improved food products derived from it. Taro possesses a wealth of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, thereby making it a valuable nutritional source. Additionally, while not a significant protein source, taro exhibits higher protein content than many other root crops. Consequently, utilizing taro to create food products, such as plant-based milk alternatives, frozen desserts, and yogurt substitutes, could play a crucial role in raising awareness and increasing taro production. Unfortunately, taro has been stigmatized in various cultures, which has led to its neglect as a food crop. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the substantial potential of taro as an economical source of dietary energy by exploring the rich fiber, potassium, vitamin C, protein, and other micronutrient content of taro, and providing a foundation for the formulation of novel food products. Furthermore, this paper assesses the nutritional benefits of taro, its current utilization, and its antinutritional properties. It emphasizes the need for further research to explore the various applications of taro and improve on-farm processing conditions for industrial purposes.

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14

Kadman, Noga. "Roots Tourism–Whose Roots?" Téoros 29, no. 1 (May 2, 2014): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024755ar.

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Israel is the contested homeland of both the Jewish-Israeli and the Arab-Palestinian peoples. In the practice of tourism, Israel highlights sites of Jewish history and tends to neglect those of Palestinian history. Many of the Palestinian villages and heritage sites were destroyed by Israel in 1948 and onwards, or were gradually dilapidated due to lack of official care. Large-scale Palestinian roots tourism does not exist, due to the impossibility of most Palestinians to gain access into Israel. This paper explores an unusual form of roots tourism: the encounter between Jewish-Israelis and Palestinian depopulated villages that are located today within the boundaries of Israeli tourist sites. The paper demonstrates that the villages are largely ignored or marginalized in the information given to the public. The tourism authorities therefore underestimate the roots of the Palestinians in the country and portray an overall picture of a Jewish country, with very minor Arab heritage.

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15

Hines, P. J. "Salty Roots, Stunted Roots." Science 338, no. 6105 (October 18, 2012): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.338.6105.307-a.

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Pansiera, Alberto Fritsch, and Nicolau Fonseca Milano. "Morfologia endodôntica dos segundos molares inferiores." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 36, no. 1 (July 21, 2021): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.111086.

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Considering that the second inferior molar is a tooth of large anatomic variation, we have proposed ourselves to anatyse some aspects of the internal and external morphology of its roots. The external morphology, 67,64% was visually evaluea, gathering the teet with differentiated, fused or single roots. The internal morphology was examinea after wear of mesial and distal roots to altow examination in the mesiodistalginge. One hundred and two teeth have been examined. As for the external morphology we found that 75,49% show differentiated roots, 18,62% fused roors and 5188% single roots. As for the internal morphology we found that 5,88% with one root canal 7,84% with two root canals, 67164% with three root canals and 18,62% with four root canals.

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17

Q-S, Wu, Srivastava AK, and Cao M-Q. "Systematicness of glomalin in roots and mycorrhizosphere of a split-root trifoliate orange." Plant, Soil and Environment 62, No. 11 (November 9, 2016): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/551/2016-pse.

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18

MacMillan, Robert. "79.29 Roots from Square Roots." Mathematical Gazette 79, no. 485 (July 1995): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3618311.

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19

Billig, Yuly, and Arturo Pianzola. "Root strings with two consecutive real roots." Tohoku Mathematical Journal 47, no. 3 (1995): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2748/tmj/1178225523.

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20

Barrs, Sharon, James Braselton, and Lorraine Braselton. "A Rational Root Theorem for Imaginary Roots." College Mathematics Journal 34, no. 5 (November 2003): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3595821.

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21

Barrs, Sharon, James Braselton, and Lorraine Braselton. "A Rational Root Theorem for Imaginary Roots." College Mathematics Journal 34, no. 5 (November 2003): 380–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07468342.2003.11922035.

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22

de Espinosa Baselga, Fernando Montero, Jonathan R. Schultheis, Michael D. Boyette, Lina M. Quesada-Ocampo, Keith D. Starke, and David W. Monks. "Vine Removal Prior to Harvest, and Curing Duration and Temperature Affect the Incidence and Severity of Internal Necrosis in ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato." HortTechnology 30, no. 5 (October 2020): 544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04408-19.

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Internal necrosis (IN) is a physiological disorder that affects Covington, the most commonly grown sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) cultivar in North Carolina. Because IN affects the quality of sweetpotato storage roots, studies have been conducted since the first report of IN in 2006. Field studies (three in 2016 and two in 2017) were conducted to evaluate preharvest and postharvest treatments on the occurrence of IN in ‘Covington’ storage roots. Four preharvest treatments consisted of combinations of high chlorine or minimal chlorine potash fertilizer and mowing vs. not mowing before harvest. For postharvest treatments, 30 storage roots were obtained at harvest from each preharvest treatment plot and immediately cured in 75 and 85 °F rooms for a duration of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks in 2016, and 0.5, 1, and 2 weeks in 2017. Shorter curing durations (0.5 and 1 week) coincided with industry recommendations while longer durations mimicked the challenges that some commercial facilities face when cooling down temperatures of rooms after curing is supposed to be concluded. Once curing temperature and curing duration treatments were completed, roots were placed in a 58 °F storage room at 85% relative humidity until cut. A control comparison was included in which harvested roots were placed in a 58 °F storage room (no curing) immediately after harvest. The storage roots from all temperature treatments were then cut 49 to 80 days after harvest, and incidence and severity of IN visually rated. Preharvest potash fertilizer treatments had minimal or no effect on occurrence of IN. However, mowing vines before harvest in several studies reduced IN incidence when roots were cured for more than 0.5 week at temperatures of at least 75 °F. Lower temperature (75 vs. 85 °F) and shorter curing duration (0.5 vs. 1, 2, 3, or 5 weeks) resulted in reduced IN occurrence in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato.

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23

Dwivedi, Shweta, Chandra Dhar Dwivedi, and Neelam Mittal. "Correlation of Root Dentin Thickness and Length of Roots in Mesial Roots of Mandibular Molars." Journal of Endodontics 40, no. 9 (September 2014): 1435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.011.

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24

Pitt, Hannah. "Roots." Environmental Humanities 13, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-9320255.

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25

Foisy, Katelan V. "Roots." Critical Romani Studies 3, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29098/crs.v3i2.112.

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26

Leatham, Kent. "Roots." Jung Journal 15, no. 3 (July 3, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2021.1942739.

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Melecki, Maciej, and Ela Kotkowska-Atkinson. "Roots." Chicago Review 46, no. 3/4 (2000): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25304621.

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28

Pfaff, Don. "Roots." Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal 1, no. 21 (December 1999): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/hmnj.199901.21.21.

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29

Seliunin, Vasilii. "Roots." Soviet Law and Government 27, no. 2 (October 1988): 6–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rup1061-194027026.

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30

Kappel, Ellen. "Roots." Oceanography 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.29.

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31

Stige, Brynjulf. "Roots." Nordic Journal of Music Therapy 12, no. 1 (January 2003): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08098130309478068.

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32

Allen, Michael. "Roots." American String Teacher 43, no. 1 (February 1993): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313139304300118.

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Greenhalgh, T. "Roots." BMJ 324, no. 7343 (April 20, 2002): 985a—985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7343.985/a.

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McLeod, A. L., and Edward Kamau Brathwaite. "Roots." World Literature Today 62, no. 1 (1988): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40144224.

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Erwin, Joanne, and Michael L. Allen. "Roots." American String Teacher 43, no. 2 (May 1993): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313139304300220.

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ROCKOFF, ALAN. "Roots." Skin & Allergy News 36, no. 12 (December 2005): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-6337(05)70858-5.

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Ulland, Matthew. "Roots." Prairie Schooner 89, no. 2 (2015): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psg.2015.0053.

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Salisbury, Jeffrey L. "Roots." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 45, no. 1 (January 1998): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1998.tb05064.x.

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Fryback, Dennis G., and Eugene L. Saenger. "Roots." Medical Decision Making 6, no. 2 (June 1986): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x8600600201.

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Tobin, Daniel. "(Roots)." Spiritus: A Journal of Christian Spirituality 19, no. 1 (2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/scs.2019.0013.

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Hughes, Alan. "ROOTS." Lancet 341, no. 8849 (April 1993): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)93070-h.

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Parmley, William W. "“Roots”." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 28, no. 2 (August 1996): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(96)00248-3.

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BONNICHSEN, ROBSON, and ALAN L. SCHNEIDER. "Roots." Sciences 35, no. 3 (May 6, 1995): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2326-1951.1995.tb03631.x.

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Kong, D. L., J. J. Wang, P. Kardol, H. F. Wu, H. Zeng, X. B. Deng, and Y. Deng. "Economic strategies of plant absorptive roots vary with root diameter." Biogeosciences 13, no. 2 (January 21, 2016): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-415-2016.

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Abstract. Plant roots typically vary along a dominant ecological axis, the root economics spectrum, depicting a tradeoff between resource acquisition and conservation. For absorptive roots, which are mainly responsible for resource acquisition, we hypothesized that root economic strategies differ with increasing root diameter. To test this hypothesis, we used seven plant species (a fern, a conifer, and five angiosperms from south China) for which we separated absorptive roots into two categories: thin roots (thickness of root cortex plus epidermis < 247 µm) and thick roots. For each category, we analyzed a range of root traits related to resource acquisition and conservation, including root tissue density, different carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) fractions (i.e., extractive, acid-soluble, and acid-insoluble fractions) as well as root anatomical traits. The results showed significant relationships among root traits indicating an acquisition-conservation tradeoff for thin absorptive roots while no such trait relationships were found for thick absorptive roots. Similar results were found when reanalyzing data of a previous study including 96 plant species. The contrasting economic strategies between thin and thick absorptive roots, as revealed here, may provide a new perspective on our understanding of the root economics spectrum.

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Mehtab, Alam, Yuan-Jun Jiang, Li-Jun Su, Sadiq Shamsher, Jia-Jia Li, and Rahman Mahfuzur. "Scaling the Roots Mechanical Reinforcement in Plantation of Cunninghamia R. Br in Southwest China." Forests 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12010033.

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The degree of mechanical reinforcement provided by plants depends upon its roots distribution in the soil and mechanical properties of the roots. The mechanical properties and distribution of root traits (root diameter and number) in the soil of the standing forest depends on the tree stem diameter. This variation of root traits with tree stem diameter is rarely investigated. Therefore, this research presents the effect of tree stem diameter on the distribution of roots within the standing forest of Cunninghamia in the Longchi forest area, Sichuan province, China. In this area, shallow landslides take place frequently. We investigated the root traits distribution for trees with different stem diameters, i.e., 220 mm, 320 mm, 450 mm, and 468 mm, to show the variation of roots distribution in the soil with stem diameter. The root architecture of the selected trees was studied by step excavation method of the root zone accompanied by measurement of roots physical parameters (roots number and roots diameter) and indices (roots area ratio (RAR), roots biomass (RB), and roots distribution (RD)). We measured the root’s maximum tensile strength by performing root tensile tests in the laboratory. The field and laboratory-measured data were used to estimate the root cohesion by both the commonly used model Wu and Waldron Model (WWM) and Fiber Bundle Model (FBM). The results indicate that the tree stem diameter correlates with both the root distribution and the tensile strength. The roots indices and root cohesion increase with an increase in the diameter of the tree. Further, RAR decreases with depth and lateral distance from the tree stem, while the maximum values were observed in 10 cm depth. The relationship between roots diameter and roots tensile strength is established through power function. The average root cohesion estimated for a tree with stem diameter 220 mm is 23 kPa, 29 kPa for 320 mm, 54 kPa for 450 mm, and 63 kPa for 460 mm. This effect of stem diameter on the increase of soil shear resistance should be considered while evaluating the stability of slopes in standing forests. The comparison between WWM and FBM for investigated species suggests that WWM estimates the cohesion values greater than FBM by 65%.

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Kučerová, Ivona, and Adam Szczegielniak. "Roots, their structure and consequences for derivational timing." Linguistic Review 36, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 365–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2019-2022.

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Abstract Recent work in Distributed Morphology, most prominently Harley (2014), argues for roots being able to take syntactic complements, which opens the door for the possibility of having syntactic features within a root’s representation – something most DM literature rejects (Embick 2015). Upon a closer inspection of the arguments presented in the literature, it is not clear whether the disagreement has an empirical underpinning, or whether it stems from the lack of methodological clarity as far as the identification of the precise nature of what constitutes a syntactic feature. This paper takes this methodological question seriously and investigates a type of derivational behavior that, in our view, provides a decisive argument for the presence of syntactic features on roots. We argue that the presence of a syntactic feature on the root can be conclusively established based on a feature’s impact on specific properties within a larger syntactic structure. Based on empirical evidence form gender agreement phenomena, we introduce a model of grammar that distinguishes roots with syntactic features from those which do not have them. We propose that such a distinction between roots will manifest itself in the timing of root insertion – roots without syntactic features are late inserted, while roots with syntactic features must be early inserted.

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Fenille, MarcioColombo, and OzirideManzoli Neto. "Minimal Nielsen Root Classes and Roots of Liftings." Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2009, no. 1 (2009): 346519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/346519.

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GOODWIN, SIMON M. "On generation of the root lattice by roots." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 142, no. 1 (January 2007): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004106009595.

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Lynch, Jonathan P., and Kathleen M. Brown. "New roots for agriculture: exploiting the root phenome." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1595 (June 5, 2012): 1598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0243.

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Recent advances in root biology are making it possible to genetically design root systems with enhanced soil exploration and resource capture. These cultivars would have substantial value for improving food security in developing nations, where yields are limited by drought and low soil fertility, and would enhance the sustainability of intensive agriculture. Many of the phenes controlling soil resource capture are related to root architecture. We propose that a better understanding of the root phenome is needed to effectively translate genetic advances into improved crop cultivars. Elementary, unique root phenes need to be identified. We need to understand the ‘fitness landscape’ for these phenes: how they affect crop performance in an array of environments and phenotypes. Finally, we need to develop methods to measure phene expression rapidly and economically without artefacts. These challenges, especially mapping the fitness landscape, are non-trivial, and may warrant new research and training modalities.

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Tilling, Elaine. "Rotten roots: root surface caries risks and management." Dental Nursing 11, no. 6 (June 2, 2015): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2015.11.6.328.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Roots'

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