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Chen, Xiaocheng. "Synthesis of 10-Carboxy-N-Decyol-N, N’- Dimethyldecyl-1-Ammonium Bromide as Organogelator & Room temperature Shape Memory Programming of Stearic Acid/ Natural Rubber Bilayer Blend." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1500563824207268.
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Sprunck, Tom. "Peut-on entendre la forme d'une pièce ? : Reconstruction de la géométrie d'une salle à partir de mesures acoustiques par super-résolution et optimisation de forme." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD061.
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Cette thèse aborde le problème inverse de la reconstruction de la géométrie d’une pièce à partir de mesures acoustiques. Plus précisément, nous nous concentrons sur les Réponses Impulsionnelles de Salle. Nous développons deux approches distinctes pour résoudre ce problème. La première approche considère des pièces parallélépipédiques avec des murs réfléchissants et repose sur la méthode dite des Sources Images. Nous proposons un cadre novateur basé sur l’algorithme Frank-Wolfe pour reconstruire les positions 3D des sources images en résolvant un problème d’optimisation convexe dans l’espace des mesures de Radon. La deuxième approche s’étend à des formes de pièce plus générales en formulant le problème inverse comme un problème d’optimisation de forme, où la géométrie de la pièce est optimisée en minimisant les écarts entre des observations dans le domaine fréquentiel et la solution de l’équation de Helmholtz définie sur le domaine de la pièceThis thesis addresses the inverse problem of reconstructing the geometry of a room from acoustic measurements. Specifically, we focus on Room Impulse Responses. We develop two distinct approaches to tackle this problem. The first approach considers cuboid rooms with reflective walls and is based on the so-called Image Source Method. We propose a novel framework, utilizing the Frank-Wolfe algorithm, to reconstruct the 3D positions of image sources in a gridless manner by solving a convex optimization problem in the space of Radon measures. The second approach extends to more general room shapes. The inverse problem is formulated as a shape optimization problem, where the room geometry is refined by minimizing discrepancies between frequency-domain observations and the solution of the Helmholtz equation defined on the room domain
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Hyde, Andrew. "Statistical shape analysis of wheat root systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52255/.
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The roots of a plant play a vital role in its growth and development, but due to practical difficulties of observing underground roots, the study of their shape has long been neglected. Recent advances in CT imaging technology have allowed for accurate non-destructive imaging of root systems in soil. This technique has formed the basis of the FutureRoots project. The main challenge with analysing the shape of a plant root system is that they have varying topological structure, so traditional shape analysis methods cannot be applied. In this thesis, we develop three approaches for analysing wheat root systems. The first approach involves measuring a set of pre-chosen root traits, and analysing this set using conventional statistical methods. This approach is effective but may miss potentially important shape information and the large number of measurable traits reduces the potential power of statistical tests. The second approach is to perform pairwise comparisons based on the Hausdorff Metric and use Multidimensional scaling to reduce a large set of pairwise comparisons to a dataset which can be analysed with conventional statistical methods. This approach can detect and test for overall shape differences but can fail to detect subtle differences. The third approach is to apply the Persistent Homology technique from Topological Data Analysis, which is designed to find underlying topological differences between two shapes. This method successfully finds differences but it is difficult to interpret the results. We will apply these three techniques to simulated data and a real life dataset. In addition, because of experimental considerations, the wheat roots had to be unnaturally constrained to a small area so we have developed a method to estimate how they would have grown unconstrained.
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McGinley, Susan. "Retractable Roof Greenhouse Cultivation Offers Flexibility: Plants Thrive Under Moveable Shade." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622206.
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Abohela, Islam Mohamed Mahmoud Mohamed. "Effect of roof shape, wind direction, building height and urban configuration on the energy yield and positioning of roof mounted wind turbines." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1686.
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The increasing interest among architects and planners in designing environmentally friendly buildings has led to a desire to explore and integrate renewable sources of energy within the built environment. Roof mounted wind turbines is a technology that presents a high potential for integration within the built environment. However, there is a state of uncertainty regarding the viability of these wind turbines. This thesis argues that part of this uncertainty is attributed to uninformed decisions about positioning and locating urban wind turbines. This is underpinned by lack of consideration to the wind accelerating effect of different roof shapes, buildings’ heights and surrounding urban configurations. This thesis aims to investigate the effect of different roof shapes on wind acceleration and positioning of roof mounted wind turbines covering different buildings’ heights within different urban configurations under different wind directions. To achieve the aim of the thesis, the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code Fluent 12.1, implementing the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, is used to simulate wind flow around different roof shapes, different buildings’ heights and different urban settings. Predictions are comparatively analysed to identify the optimum roof shape for mounting wind turbines. Simulation results indicate that the barrel vaulted roof has the highest wind accelerating effect. The barrel vaulted roof shape case was carried further to investigate the effect of building height and surrounding urban configurations on the energy yield and positioning of roof mounted wind turbines. The optimum mounting location for each of the investigated roof shapes namely: flat, domed, gabled, pyramidal, barrel vaulted and wedged roofs is identified. Results from the investigation predict a possible increase up to 56.1% in energy yield in the case of a barrel vaulted roof if an informed wind assessment above buildings’ roofs is carried out. However, changing the building height and surrounding urban configuration had an effect on choosing the optimum mounting location and the energy yield at that location.
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Sui, Jieli. "Optimization of CO2 emission and investment value on roof shape design for wooden detached house." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136266.
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Gurgenli, Hakan. "Geomechanical and weathering properties of weak roof shales in coal mines." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4717.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 99 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).
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Richardson-Calfee, Lisa E. "Post-Transplant Root Production, Mortality, and Periodicity of Landscape-Sized Shade Trees." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28315.
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A more thorough knowledge of rooting behavior of transplanted trees is needed to better understand plant establishment. The objectives of this research were to: 1) determine if transplant timing affected root system regeneration of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and willow oak (Q. phellos L.), 2) determine the effect of transplant timing and nursery production system on root, shoot, and trunk growth periodicity of balled-and-burlapped (B&B) and pot-in-pot (PIP) sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), and 3) characterize seasonal patterns of root production and mortality of transplanted sugar maple. No new root growth occurred outside or within the root balls of red or willow oak between November transplanting and January excavation. However, new root growth was observed when November- and March-transplanted oaks were excavated in April, indicating that new root growth occurs primarily in late winter and/or early. Transplanted and non-transplanted sugar maples exhibited a pattern of maximum rates of shoot extension in early May, root length accumulation in late May, and trunk expansion in mid June. Rate of root length accumulation was less in summer and fall. Transplanting did not appear to disrupt the normal growth periodicity of sugar maple, except when transplanted in July. Abundant root length accumulation occurred in the July transplants at a time when root length accumulation had slowed in all other treatments, resulting in the July transplants having similar standing root lengths as the other transplants by fall. Standing root length of non-transplanted PIP sugar maple declined dramatically in spring. While root production in sugar maple was limited to the growing season, root mortality occurred at a steadier rate throughout the year. Most root mortality occurred in winter in transplanted trees and spring and summer in non-transplanted trees. Non-transplanted PIP trees had greater standing root length, production, and mortality than the other treatments. Indices of root activity (analogous to turnover rates) and production:mortality ratios illustrated the dominant role that root production plays relative to mortality in recently transplanted trees. These data indicate that transplanting and the PIP production system disrupt typical patterns of root production and mortality in sugar maple.Ph. D.
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Sanders, Aaron Anthony. "An Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Elliptical Root Shapes and Asymmetric Teeth on Root Stresses and Bending Fatigue Lives." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1290530501.
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Cheung, Ho-ming Lisa. "C-shaped canal in human mandibular second molar." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37486950.
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Cheung, Ho-ming Lisa, and 張皓明. "C-shaped canal in human mandibular second molar." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37486950.
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Guillen, Raquel Esmeralda Guillen. "Remoção mecânica de Enterococcus faecalis em canais preparados com Wave One Gold ou One Shape New Generation." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23134/tde-25062018-113720/.
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O preparo do canal radicular visa a remoção de bactérias que podem causar a patologia periapical, e os instrumentos endodônticos estão sendo constantemente aprimorados para tornar o tratamento do canal radicular mais fácil, rápido e seguro. Assim, novos instrumentos precisam ser avaliados quanto ao seu desempenho. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a remoção bacteriana dos sistemas Wave One Gold e One Shape New Generation comparando-os com seus sistemas predecessores. Cinquenta e seis canais disto vestibulares de molares superiores esterilizados por oxido de etileno foram contaminados com Enterococcus faecalis por 21 dias, e então uma amostra bacteriana inicial foi coletada e paqueada em M-enterococcus agar para contagem bacteriana em unidades formadoras de colônias. Os espécimes foram aleatoriamente divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a instrumentação (n=12): Wave One Gold Primary, One Shape New Generation 25/.06, Wave One Primary e One Shape 25/.06, e os outros 8 canais não contaminados foram o controle de assepsia. Todos os grupos utilizaram água destilada como irrigante. Nova coleta foi feita imediatamente após a instrumentação e aos 7 dias. A redução bacteriana foi calculada em porcentagem, e então feita análise intragrupo pelo teste de Wilcoxon e entre grupos por Kruskal Wallis e teste de Dunn, todos com significância de 5%. Todos os sistemas reduziram significativamente a carga bacteriana do canal radicular tanto na coleta imediata quanto aos 7 dias (p<0,05). Houve aumento do número de bactérias 7 dias após o preparo quando comparado com a coleta imediata (p<0,05). A análise entre grupos mostrou que Wave One Gold e One Shape New Generation promoveram maior redução bacteriana que os sistemas Wave One e One Shape (p<0,05), sem diferença significativa entre Wave One Gold e One Shape New Generation ou entre Wave One e One Shape (p>0,05). Conclui-se que Wave One Gold e One Shape New Generation promoveram maior remoção bacteriana do que seus sistemas predecessores.The root canal preparation aims to remove the bacteria that can cause periapical pathologies, and endodontic instruments are constantly being improved to make root canal treatment easier, faster and safer. Thus, new instruments need to be evaluated for their performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial removal promoted by Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation systems in comparison to that of their predecessor systems. Forty-six distobuccal root canals of upper molars sterilized with ethylene oxide were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days, and then root canal initial bacterial sampling was collected and plated on M-enterococcus agar to bacterial count in colony forming unities. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups according to the instrumentation (n=12): Wave One Gold Primary, One Shape New Generation 25/.06, Wave One Primary and One Shape 25/.06, and the other 8 uncontaminated canals were used as asepsis control. All groups used distilled water as irrigant. New sampling was obtained immediately after instrumentation and at 7 days. The bacterial reduction was calculated in percentage, after that intra-group analysis was carried out by Wilcoxon test, and inter-group analysis by Kruskal-Wallis complemented by Dunn\'s test, all at 5% significance. All the systems significantly reduced the bacterial amount in the root canal in both immediate and at 7 days sampling (p<0.05). The bacterial amount increased at 7 days after preparation comparing to immediate sampling (p<0.05). The analysis between groups showed that Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation promoted greater bacterial reduction than Wave One and One Shape systems (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation or between Wave One and One Shape (p>0.05). It can be concluded that Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation promote greater bacterial removal than their predecessor systems.
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Kociecki, Margaret E. "A Two-Phase Genetic Algorithm for Simultaneous Dimension, Topology, and Shape Optimization of Free-Form Steel Space-Frame Roof Structures." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343148491.
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McIntosh, Wendy H., and n/a. "On being shamed in a nursing culture." Griffith University. School of Nursing and Midwifery, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060901.153403.
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This study explored the experience of shame in nursing using an interpretive phenomenological approach as described by van Manen (1997). Shame is a concept that has been extensively theorised within the social sciences as important in the development of individual identity, self esteem and role performance but overlooked in nursing. The purpose of this research was twofold; to gain an understanding of how shame influences and shapes nursing identity and to produce knowledge and stimulate dialogue about what that means for nursing culture. Participants were asked to discuss significant interactions with colleagues. Significantly, all disclosed the experience of shame. Further, four major themes emerged from this study to deepen understanding of what appears to be a cultural experience. The experience of shame involves: self appraisal, professional identity in conflict, the experience of isolation and recrimination. Within each theme a number of sub themes were identified including feeling dumb, being incompetent, withdrawing and going quiet and seeking revenge. The study concluded that in relation to nursing, internalised shame is not readily recognised although negative emotions that are linked to it are clearly felt. When these emotions are left unprocessed or unidentified as shame, then they are likely to have negative consequences. But recognising this hidden shame and bringing it to conscious awareness can express and perhaps relieve shame. Further, shame's adaptive functions, to provide moral direction and teach respect, could be acknowledged or reclaimed. It is argued therefore that acknowledging and discussing shame openly in nursing, such as through future research, scholarships and education, will facilitate consciousness raising and the potential for cultural change.
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Pillar, Rafael. "ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS SISTEMAS DE INSTRUMENTO ÚNICO RECIPROC, WAVEONE E ONE SHAPE NA INCIDÊNCIA DE DEFEITOS DENTINÁRIOS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6105.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorDentinal defects are characterized by cracks in the root dentin that can develop into a vertical root fractures (VRF), thus leading to tooth loss. Endodontic procedures may generate these defects and between these steps, the biomechanical preparations with NiTi rotary instruments are associated with the incidence of these amendments dentinal. A new concept in minimally invasive preparation was introduced, along with a new reciprocating movement, using a single instrument for root canal instrumentation. This allows less root dentin is removed, thus avoiding the weakening of tooth structure. The aim of this study was evaluate the incidence of dentinal defects after root canal preparation by three single-file systems. One hundred forty mesial roots of mandibular molars were selected and randomly assigned to 4 groups (n= 35 mesial roots per group). One group was left unprepared as control. In two groups, the root canals were instrumented by using the reciprocating single-file systems WaveOne (Dentsply-Maillefer) and Reciproc (VDW), while other group was prepared with single-file of continuous rotation One Shape (Micro-Mega). The specimens were sectioned in 03, 06 and 09 mm from the apex with a low-speed saw under water cooling (IsoMet 1000 Precision Saw) and observed through a stereomicroscope (Zeiss Stemi SV6, Carl Zeiss) at a magnification of 20×. The pictures were recorded and evaluated by two blinded calibrated observers. The slices were categorized in: 0- No defects; 1- Others defects and 2 vertical root fracture. The dates were statistically analyzed with a significance level set at α = 0.05. The chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to assess the differences between groups. No defects were observed in control group. All the experimental groups showed dentinal defects. The reciprocating files were associated with more defects than the continuous rotary file and control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference between them (P = .115). VRF was observed only in the One Shape group. The results of this study suggest that the biomechanical preparation could cause damage in the root dentin and that the continuous rotary has a tendency to result in fewer defects compared to reciprocating files.
Defeitos dentinários são caracterizados por trincas na dentina radicular que podem evoluir para uma Fratura Vertical da Raiz (FVR), levando assim a perda do elemento dentário. O preparo biomecânico com o uso de sistemas rotatórios está associado com a incidência dessas alterações dentinárias. Atualmente, o uso de um único instrumento para a instrumentação dos canais radiculares juntamente com uma cinemática reciprocante tem sido introduzido. Desse modo, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a incidência de defeitos dentinários causado por três sistemas de instrumento único. Cento e quarenta raízes mesiais de molares inferiores foram selecionadas e aleatoriamente divididas em quatro grupos (n= 35 por grupo). Um grupo não sofreu intervenção e serviu como controle. As demais raízes foram preparadas pelos instrumentos reciprocantes WaveOne (Dentsply-Maillefer) e Reciproc (VDW) e por um instrumento de rotação contínua One Shape (Micro-Mega). As raízes foram seccionadas horizontalmente com auxílio de uma máquina de corte de precisão (IsoMet 1000 Precision Saw) em 03, 06 e 09 mm a partir do ápice e observadas em um estereomicroscópio (Zeiss Stemi SV6, Carl Zeiss) sob um aumento de 20×. Imagens das fatias foram gravadas e avaliadas por dois observadores cegos, previamente calibrados. As fatias foram categorizadas em: 0 - Ausência de defeitos; 1- Outros defeitos; 2- Fratura Vertical da Raiz. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística com nível de significância fixado em α= 0.05. Os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher foram utilizados para analisar e comparar as diferenças entre os grupos. O grupo controle não apresentou defeito. Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram defeitos dentinários e foram diferentes estatisticamente do grupo controle (P < 0.05). Os grupos reciprocantes foram associados à presença de mais defeitos do que o grupo One Shape, mas não houve diferença significante entre eles (P = .115). O grupo One Shape foi o único que apresentou FVR. Os resultados obtidos nesse estudo sugerem que o preparo biomecânico com instrumentos rotatórios e/ou de reciprocidade podem causar danos na dentina radicular.
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Sjöstrand, Jonas. "Enumerative combinatorics related to partition shapes." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4298.
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This thesis deals with enumerative combinatorics applied to three different objects related to partition shapes, namely tableaux, restricted words, and Bruhat intervals. The main scientific contributions are the following. Paper I: Let the sign of a standard Young tableau be the sign of the permutation you get by reading it row by row from left to right, like a book. A conjecture by Richard Stanley says that the sum of the signs of all SYTs with n squares is 2^[n/2]. We prove a generalisation of this conjecture using the Robinson-Schensted correspondence and a new concept called chess tableaux. The proof is built on a remarkably simple relation between the sign of a permutation pi and the signs of its RS-corresponding tableaux P and Q, namely sgn(pi) = (−1)^v sgn(P)sgn(Q), where v is the number of disjoint vertical dominoes that fit in the partition shape of P and Q. The sign-imbalance of a partition shape is defined as the sum of the signs of all standard Young tableaux of that shape. As a further application of the sign-transferring formula above, we also prove a sharpening of another conjecture by Stanley concerning weighted sums of squares of sign-imbalances. Paper II: We generalise some of the results in paper I to skew tableaux. More precisely, we examine how the sign property is transferred by the skew Robinson-Schensted correspondence invented by Sagan and Stanley. The result is a surprisingly simple generalisation of the ordinary non-skew formula above. As an application, we find vanishing weighted sums of squares of sign-imbalances, thereby generalising a variant of Stanley’s second conjecture. Paper III: The following special case of a conjecture by Loehr and Warrington was proved by Ekhad, Vatter, and Zeilberger: There are 10^n zero-sum words of length 5n in the alphabet {+3,−2} such that no consecutive subword begins with +3, ends with −2, and sums to −2. We give a simple bijective proof of the conjecture in its original and more general setting where 3 and 2 are replaced by any relatively prime positive integers a and b, 10^n is replaced by ((a+b) choose a)^n, and 5n is replaced by (a+b)n. To do this we reformulate the problem in terms of cylindrical lattice walks which can be interpreted as the south-east border of certain partition shapes. Paper IV: We characterise the permutations pi such that the elements in the closed lower Bruhat interval [id,pi] of the symmetric group correspond to non-capturing rook configurations on a skew Ferrers board. These intervals turn out to be exactly those whose flag manifolds are defined by inclusions, as defined by Gasharov and Reiner. The characterisation connects Poincaré polynomials (rank-generating functions) of Bruhat intervals with q-rook polynomials, and we are able to compute the Poincaré polynomial of some particularly interesting intervals in the finite Weyl groups A_n and B_n. The expressions involve q-Stirling numbers of the second kind, and for the group A_n putting q = 1 yields the poly-Bernoulli numbers defined by Kaneko.Ämnet för denna avhandling är enumerativ kombinatorik tillämpad på tre olika objekt med anknytning till partitionsformer, nämligen tablåer, begränsade ord och bruhatintervall. Dom viktigaste vetenskapliga bidragen är följande. Artikel I: Låt tecknet av en standardtablå vara tecknet hos permutationen man får om man läser tablån rad för rad från vänster till höger, som en bok. En förmodan av Richard Stanley säjer att teckensumman av alla standardtablåer med n rutor är 2^[n/2]. Vi visar en generalisering av denna förmodan med hjälp av Robinson-Schensted-korrespondensen och ett nytt begrepp som vi kallar schacktablåer. Beviset bygger på ett anmärkningsvärt enkelt samband mellan tecknet hos en permutation pi och tecknen hos dess RS-motsvarande tablåer P och Q, nämligen sgn(pi)=(-1)^v sgn(P)sgn(Q), där v är antalet disjunkta vertikala dominobrickor som får plats i partitionsformen hos P och Q. Teckenobalansen hos en partitionsform definieras som teckensumman av alla standardtablåer av den formen. Som en ytterligare tillämpning av formeln för teckenöverföring ovan bevisar vi också en starkare variant av en annan förmodan av Stanley som handlar om viktade summor av kvadrerade teckenobalanser. Artikel II: Vi generaliserar några av resultaten i artikel I till skeva tablåer. Närmare bestämt undersöker vi hur teckenegenskapen överförs av Sagan och Stanleys skeva Robinson-Schensted-korrespondens. Resultatet är en förvånansvärt enkel generalisering av den vanliga ickeskeva formeln ovan. Som en tillämpning visar vi att vissa viktade summor av kvadrerade teckenobalanser blir noll, vilket leder till en generalisering av en variant av Stanleys andra förmodan. Artikel III: Följande specialfall av en förmodan av Loehr och Warrington bevisades av Ekhad, Vatter och Zeilberger: Det finns 10^n ord med summan noll av längd 5n i alfabetet {+3,-2} sådana att inget sammanhängande delord börjar med +3, slutar med -2 och har summan -2. Vi ger ett enkelt bevis för denna förmodan i dess ursprungliga allmännare utförande där 3 och 2 byts ut mot vilka som helst relativt prima positiva heltal a och b, 10^n byts ut mot ((a+b) över a)^n och 5n mot (a+b)n. För att göra detta formulerar vi problemet i termer av cylindriska latticestigar som kan tolkas som den sydöstra gränslinjen för vissa partitionsformer. Artikel IV: Vi karakteriserar dom permutationer pi sådana att elementen i det slutna bruhatintervallet [id,pi] i symmetriska gruppen motsvarar ickeslående tornplaceringar på ett skevt ferrersbräde. Dessa intervall visar sej vara precis dom vars flaggmångfalder är definierade av inklusioner, ett begrepp introducerat av Gasharov och Reiner. Karakteriseringen skapar en länk mellan poincarépolynom (ranggenererande funktioner) för bruhatintervall och q-tornpolynom, och vi kan beräkna poincarépolynomet för några särskilt intressanta intervall i dom ändliga weylgrupperna A_n och B_n. Uttrycken innehåller q-stirlingtal av andra sorten, och sätter man q=1 för grupp A_n så får man Kanekos poly-bernoullital.
QC 20100818
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Barroso, Juliana Machado. "Influência do pré-alargamento cervical no desgaste promovido pelos instrumentos rotatórios de níquel-titânio na região apical: Estudo em canais simulados curvos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-31032008-161701/.
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A proposta desse estudo in vitro foi avaliar a influência do pré-alargamento cervical no desgaste apical de canais simulados curvos preparados com instrumentos rotatórios de níquel-titânio. Foram confeccionados 30 blocos de resina com canais simulados de 20 graus de curvatura que foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos distintos (n=10) de acordo com o tipo de alargamento cervical realizado: Grupo I - sem alargamento cervical; Grupo II - alargamento cervical realizado com brocas CP Drill®; Grupo III - alargamento cervical realizado com brocas LA Axxess®. Previamente ao alargamento cervical os canais foram preenchidos com tinta nanquim em toda sua extensão e realizaram-se as fotografias iniciais com auxílio de máquina digital posicionada em estativa. Para o preparo apical utilizaram-se instrumentos rotatórios K3® na seqüência de 20.02 até 45.02, sendo que, entre o intervalo do uso de cada instrumento o canal foi preenchido, novamente, com tinta nanquim e realizada a fotografia final para cada instrumento. As fotografias pré e pós-operatórias foram sobrepostas e procedeu-se a mensuração do desgaste linear da parede interna e externa do canal simulado no ápice da curvatura e no ápice do canal proporcionado por cada instrumento, com auxílio do software Image Tool. A diferença entre esses valores, de acordo com cada área do canal avaliada, foi submetida à análise estatística. O teste de Regressão Linear permitiu estabelecer uma correlação entre o calibre do instrumento e o desgaste do canal, que pode ser traduzida em uma equação matemática, indicando que é diretamente proporcional. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis (complementado com pós-teste de Dunn) permitiu a comparação do desgaste entre os diferentes grupos experimentais. Por meio desses testes pode-se observar que grupo onde não foi realizado o pré-alargamento cervical apresentou padrões de desgastes diferentes daqueles onde o preparo foi executado. O grupo sem pré-alargamento provocou o desgaste acentuado do lado externo da curvatura, enquanto os grupos preparados com CP Drill® e LA Axxess® mostraram padrões de desgaste semelhantes, denotando a maior centralização do instrumento no canal em ambas as regiões analisadas (ápice da curva e ápice do canal). Pode-se concluir que o pré-alargamento cervical influenciou de forma positiva no preparo da região apical de canais simulados curvos, proporcionando preparos mais centralizados dessa região.The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of cervical preflaring on prepared canal shape in simulated curved root canals prepared with nickel-titanium rotary systems. Thirty resin blocks with simulated canals with 20º curvature were fabricated and randomly assigned to three groups (n=10) according to the type of cervical preflaring: Group I - no cervical preflaring; Group II - cervical preflaring with CP Drill® burs; Group III - cervical preflaring with LA Axxess® burs. Previously cervical preflaring, the canals were thoroughly filled with India ink and the initial photographs were taken using a digital camera fixed in a static position. Right after, apical preparation was performed using 20.02 to 45.02 K3® rotary instruments. At each change of file, the canals were refilled with India ink and the final photographs were taken for each instrument. The initial and final photographs were superimposed and linear dentin removal produced by each type of rotary instrument was measured with specific software at the internal and external portions of the curvature apex and at the canal apex. The difference between the initial and final values was analyzed statistically, according to each canal region. Statistical analysis by linear regression established a correlation between instrument size and canal transportation, which can be expressed by a mathematical equation. This correlation is directly proportional, which means that the greater instrument, the more accentuated the canal transportation. Additionally, Kruskal- Wallis test (complemented by the Dunn\' post-test) allowed comparing dentin removal among the different experimental groups. These tests revealed that the non-flared group presented different dentin removal patterns, as compared to the groups where cervical preflaring was undertaken. The group without preflaring presented a significantly greater dentin removal on the external side of curvature, while the groups preflared with CP Drill® and LA Axxess® exhibited similar dentin removal patterns, demonstrating a greater centralization of the instrument inside the canal, for both analyzed regions (curvature apex and canal apex). It may be concluded that cervical preflaring influenced positively the apical preparation of simulated curved canals, producing more centralized preparations in this region.
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Bowen, Anna Kate Miller. "Characterizing the Invasion of an Understory Grass Species (Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult) in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1595531995193925.
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Jensen, Lauren Elizabeth. "Mechanical preparation of oval-shaped root canals in mandibular premolars with the TRUShape 3D Conforming File: a micro-computed tomography study." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5523.
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The TRUShape 3D Conforming File (TRUShape), a novel, S-shaped nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary file, was developed to facilitate cleaning and shaping of irregular-shaped root canals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of TRUShape compared to Vortex Blue (VB) when used in non-round, oval-shaped root canals by micro-computed tomography (MCT).
Thirty single-rooted human mandibular premolar teeth with radiographically similar root canal size and curvature were randomly allocated to two groups (N=15), and mechanically prepared with TRUShape or VB. Each tooth was submitted to MCT at 20 μm resolution at three time intervals: before shaping, and after shaping to an intermediate apical size 30 and a final apical size 40. Three-dimensional data sets were superimposed and evaluated for root canal volume, surface area, and treated surface. Matched axial slices in the apical, middle, and coronal root thirds were evaluated for area, roundness, and canal transportation expressed as center of mass shift (CMS). Data were statistically analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests.
Root canal volumes increased similarly and significantly overall (p< 0.001; from an initial volume of 7.3±3.5 mm3 to an intermediate volume of 8.7±3.1 mm3 and a final volume of 9.9±3.0 mm3). Treated canal surface was significantly larger in the TRUShape group at both apical sizes 30 and 40 with 72±15% vs. 55±23% and 85±12% vs. 71±20% non-static voxels for TRUShape and VB, respectively (p< 0.05). Canal transportation was less than 100 μm in all but 8 out of 90 cross sections and was not significantly different between groups.
This MCT study demonstrated the TRUShape 3D Conforming File to be effective in the mechanical preparation, specifically, the surface treatment, of single-rooted premolars with non-round, oval-shaped root canals.
Funding was provided by the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) Foundation and the Department of Endodontics at the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry.
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Ahmed, Suwayda. "Evaluation of dentine damage after rotary NiTi preparation." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5602.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)NiTi rotary instruments have shape memory and are highly flexible and super-elastic. These properties of the metal alloy allows for ease of root canal preparation to ultimately result in a root canal preparation that has a continuous taper, while canal shape and curvature is maintained. It must be noted that the NiTi rotary instrumentation may have an effect on root canal dentine, which may manifest as dentine damage. Different NiTi rotary systems on the market vary with regards to their design features and kinematics, which may influence dentine damage. The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the effect of four different NiTi rotary systems, as well as stainless steel files on root canal dentine. One hundred and eighty permanent human mandibular molar mesial roots were used for the study. The total samples were randomly divided into six groups, where one group (n=30) was left unprepared to serve as the control group. The remaining five groups were randomly assigned to a nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation system and one stainless steel hand file group. Group 1: Control group; Group 2: Stainless steel files group; Group 3: Wave One (Dentsply Maillefer) rotary group; Group 4: ProTaper NEXT (Dentsply Maillefer) rotary group; Group 5: iRaCe (FKG Dentaire) rotary group; Group 6: BT-Race (FKG Dentaire) rotary group.The root canal preparations were carried out according to the manufacturers' recommendations, after decoronation of the tooth crowns. Sodium hypochlorite (5,25%) and 17% EDTA was used as a root canal irrigant and a chelating agent during canal preparation. Each root segment was sectioned at 3mm, 6mm and 9mm from the apex. The root segments were observed under a stereomicroscope at 12x magnification and digital camera at 40 x magnification for the appearance of dentine damage. The images were observed by the author and an impartial second observer. Root segments were observed for the appearance of dentine damage (microcracks, craze lines or fractures), and samples were described as having 'dentine defect' or 'no dentine defect'. Data for the different groups were collected and results were calculated and the total incidence of dentine damage was as follows: Control group = 0% Stainless steel hand files group = 0% Wave One group = 56, 67% ProTaper NEXT group = 60% iRaCe group = 60% BT-Race group = 56, 67% There are no significant differences between the groups: WaveOne, ProTaper NEXT, iRACE and BT-Race. However, there is a significant difference between the four groups and the stainless steel group (p<0.0001).
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Kopečková, Kristýna. "Horský penzion s wellness." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265232.
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The subject of my thesis is the design mountain guesthouse with a wellness centre, which is located in the village of Mala Morávka, at the level of documentation for construction. The new building is located in the cadastre unit Karlov pod Pradědem. This is a two floors, slab-building L-shaped with separate parking for visitors of boarding house and wellness centre. The structural system is composed of ceramic blocks Porotherm and reinforced concrete joist floor. Roof structure is made up of wooden trusses girders saddle shape. Design of mountain guesthouse with wellness centre respects the territorial plan of the village of Malá Morávka.
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Svoboda, David. "Mateřská škola v Třebíči." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240428.
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This diploma thesis on a topic “Nursery school in Třebíč” deals with a new building proposal of a nursery school. The building is situated in Třebíč, in a densely populated part of the town which is called Podklášteří. It is a brick single-storey detached building, mounted on a gentle slope with green vegetation. The layout of the building is divided into three departments and an operational part. In each department, there is a dressing room, food distribution, study and dining room, playroom with a cushy job, toy store, warehouse of folding beds and bedding, washroom, toilet, utility room and room for the air handling units. Departments are covered by wooden trusses which bear single-layer saddle-shaped roof with an extensive green vegetation. Above the operational part, there is a single-layer flat roof. Wall system is made of ceramic blocs of a system Porotherm and trusses are from a company called Vazníky D.N.K.
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Effenbergerová, Petra. "Mateřská školka." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240248.
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The purpose of this diploma thesis is to prepare the project documentation of the construction part for the building of the kindergarten according to the legal decree number 499/2006 Coll. on construction documentation. Projected building is a detached two-storey building located on the plots number 534/3,534/4, 536, 540/13 in the cadastre unit of Brno-Ivanovice. It is designed as building with storey partly below ground level and has wheechair access to both floor. The structural system of the building is combination of RC wall structures and columns and clay internal masonry. The roofs are designed as intensive green roofs. Designed kindergarten includes three classes for total of 75 children.
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Joaquim, Natália Martins 1989. "Análise da citotoxicidade de materiais obturadores de dentes decíduos." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288856.
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Orientador: Fernanda Miori PasconDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T01:46:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joaquim_NataliaMartins_M.pdf: 1245977 bytes, checksum: c5a3811c7ba1d723505963537d831210 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Endodontia em dentes decíduos é um procedimento de suma importância para manter a integridade e saúde dos dentes e tecidos de suporte. Sendo assim, o uso de materiais obturadores de canais radiculares que apresente o máximo de propriedades desejáveis é indispensável. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a citotoxicidade de diferentes materiais obturadores em fibroblastos do ligamento periodontal humano (PDL) e em células osteoblásticas de osteossarcoma humano (Saos-2). Os fibroblastos foram cultivados em meio de cultura (meio Eagle modificado por Dulbeco - DMEM) suplementado com 1% soro fetal bovino (FBS) e antibióticos. Os osteoblastos foram cultivados em meio de cultura McCoy¿s suplementado com 15% FBS e antibióticos. Próximos de atingir a confluência, as células foram plaqueadas na concentração de 7x103 células por poço e foram expostas aos seguintes materiais, conforme os grupos: G1- Meio de cultura sem material obturador (controle negativo), G2- Dimetiilsulfóxido (DMSO) (controle positivo), G3- Calen®, G4- Calen® associada ao Óxido de Zinco, G5- Calen® associada ao Iodofórmio, G6- Óxido de zinco e eugenol (OZE), G7- Vitapex® e G8- UltraCal®XS. A manipulação dos materiais foi realizada em condições assépticas. A citotoxicidade dos materiais obturadores foi analisada em intervalos de tempos (8, 24 e 48 horas) pelo método de redução MTS e classificado como não citotóxico, citotoxicidade leve, moderada e grave. O grupo controle negativo foi composto apenas por células, sem o uso de material obturador. A análise morfológica das células foi realizada por meio da microscopia de fluorescência. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância dois fatores e ao teste Tukey para comparação entre os grupos, com nível de significância 5%. As imagens obtidas por meio da microscopia de fluorescência foram analisadas de forma descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que para os fibroblastos, Calen®(85,91±10,01), Calen® associada ao Óxido de Zinco (85,91±8,16) e Calen® associada ao Iodofórmio (83,96±13,95) diferiram do controle negativo (100±0) e positivo (19.72±5,70) após 8 horas de exposição. Para os osteoblastos, Calen® associada ao Óxido de Zinco (75,87±19,16), Calen® associada ao Iodofórmio (75,5±12,40) e o OZE (68,71±22,19) foram os únicos grupos que em 8 horas diferiram do controle negativo (100±0) e positivo (22,18±6,77). Pode-se concluir que todos os materiais avaliados, para fibroblastos do ligamento periodontal humano, não foram citotóxicos ao longo do tempo. No entanto, Calen® associada ao Iodofórmio apresentou toxicidade leve em 48 horas para os osteoblastos. Vitapex® foi o material que apresentou menor toxicidade celular nos osteoblastos em 8 e 48 horas, comparando-se os outros materiais avaliados. Calen® associado ao Óxido de zinco, Calen® associado ao Iodofórmio e OZE foram capazes de modificar a morfologia dos fibroblastos, mas para os osteoblastos não foram observadas alterações morfológicas
Abstract: Endodontics in primary teeth is an important procedure to maintain the integrity and health of the teeth and supporting tissues. Using a root canal filling material that shows desirable properties is indispensable. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the root filling materials cytotoxicity on periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL) and osteoblastic human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2). Fibroblasts were cultured in culture medium (Dulbeco modified Eagle medium - DMEM) supplemented with 1% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics. The osteoblasts were cultured in McCoy's culture medium supplemented with 15% FBS and antibiotics. Next to reach confluence, the cells were plated at a concentration of 7x103 cells per well and were exposed to materials, according to the groups: G1 - culture medium without filling material (negative control); G2- Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (positive control); G3 ¿ Calen®; G4 - Calen® associated with Zinc Oxide; G5 - Calen® associated with Iodoform; G6 ¿ Zinc Oxide and eugenol (ZOE); G7 - Vitapex®; G8 - UltraCal® XS. The materials were prepared under aseptic conditions. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by cell viability at time intervals (8, 24 and 48 h) by MTS assay and rated as non-cytotoxic, mild, moderate and severe cytotoxicity. The negative control group was composed only of cells without the use of filling material. Cells morphological were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance with post-hoc comparisons base on Tukey's multiple comparisons, with the significance level fixed at 5%. The images obtained at fluorescence microscopy were evaluated using descriptive analysis. The results showed that for fibroblasts, Calen®(85.91±10.01), Calen® associated with Zinc Oxide (85.91±8.16) e Calen® associated with Iodoform (83.96±13.95) was differ from the negative control (100±0) and positive (19.72±5.70), at 8 h. For osteoblasts, Calen® associated with Zinc Oxide (75.87±19.16), Calen® associated with Iodoform (75.5±12.40) and ZOE (68.71±22.19) differed from negative control (100±0) and positive (22.18±6.77) in 8 h. It can be concluded that all materials were non- cytotoxic to human fibroblasts cells over time. However, Calen® + Iodoform showed higher cytotoxicity to osteoblasts at 48 h. Vitapex® was the material that showed the less cell cytotoxicity in osteoblasts at 8 and 48 h, compared to the other materials tested. Calen® associated with Zinc Oxide, Calen® associated with Iodoform and ZOE was able to modify the morphology of fibroblasts, but osteoblasts but no morphologic alterations were observed
Mestrado
Odontopediatria
Mestra em Odontologia
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Havlíková, Ivana. "Dynamická analýza konstrukce zatížené seismickým zatížením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225730.
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The purpose of my master’s thesis is the solution steel hall with concrete columns, that is loaded by an earthquake. This simulation program was used RFEM. To calculate was used the spectral and temporal analysis, and that on models of structures with several combinations of materials. The analysis was performed for both the general direction of the earthquake, so for combinations of directions according to standard procedures in EC8.
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Kašuba, Patrik. "Polyfunkčný dom Brno-Řečkovice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371948.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is processing of the design documentation to execution newly-built multifunctional building in the city part Brno - Řečkovice. Multifunctional building is a detached house, which is located in a quiet area on the edge city. This is a five floor building with four floor, one basement and flat roof. Building is rectangular shape. At the object are twelve parking spaces for cars. Vertical load-bearing structure are made of masonry and reinforced frame system, reinforced concrete floor and prestressed hollow core slab Spiroll. External facade building is created by render scrape texture and flush facade in ground floor.
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Flytström, Annika. "Effekter av inkuberingstemperatur på kroppsform och fenstorlek hos juvenil atlantlax (Salmo salar L.)." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-65117.
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Global warming, a consequence of the ongoing climate change, is expected to increase the mean global temperature by up to 5°C this century. This is predicted to have various impacts on the earth's ecosystems and especially on ectotherms which cannot regulate body temperature by endogenous heat production. There is an intensified interest in investigating the outcomes of climate change and the role of developmental phenotypic plasticity in relation to environmental conditions experienced early in life. Here I compare the body shape and fin size of juvenile Atlantic salmon that had been incubated at two different temperature regimes during embryogenesis. Morphometric methods were used to compare body size through a box-truss network of Euclidean distances and the data were then analyzed using discriminant analysis. Fin size was analyzed by comparing fin area using analysis of covariance with body size as the covariate. The fish incubated in ambient (cold) temperatures differed from the fish incubated in ca. 4°C warmer temperatures by having a deeper body shape and bigger pectoral fin area. There was no significant difference for dorsal fin area. My findings support the notion that Atlantic salmon are morphologically plastic when exposed to different temperature regimes during embryogenesis, but additional studies are needed to determine the ecological consequences of these changes.Global uppvärmning, en konsekvens av pågående klimatförändringar, förväntas öka den globala medeltemperaturen med upp till 5°C det här århundradet. Det här förväntas ha stor påverkan på jordens ekosystem och speciellt ektotermer som inte kan reglera sin kroppstemperatur genom endogen värmeproduktion. Intresset har intensifierats för att undersöka klimatförändringarnas utfall och rollen som fenotypisk plasticitet har som svar på tidiga miljöförhållanden. Kroppsform och fenstorlek jämfördes hos juvenil atlantlax som inkuberats i två olika temperaturbehandlingar under embryogenesen. Morfometri användes för att undersöka kroppsformen genom ett box-truss nätverk av euklidiska avstånd som sedan analyserades med en diskriminant funktionsanalys. Fenstorleken analyserades genom att mäta fenornas area som sedan användes i en kovariansanalys med kroppsstorlek som kovariat. Fiskarna som inkuberades i normal (kall) temperatur skiljde sig från fiskarna som inkuberats i ca 4°C varmare temperatur genom att ha en djupare kroppsform och större area på bröstfenorna. Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad mellan ryggfenornas area. Mina resultat stödjer idén att atlantlaxen är morfologiskt plastisk när den utsätts för olika temperaturbehandlingar under embryogenesen, men ytterligare studier behövs för att identifiera de ekologiska konsekvenserna av dessa förändringar.
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Stejskalová, Markéta. "Penzion pro seniory." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372260.
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This work aims to develop projekt documentation for building construction. The projekt addresses the new construkction of a pension for seniors. Pension is located in the city of Kutná Hora in the Central Region. The object is designed for 34 people throughout the year. Pension has one underground and free above ground floors. The shape of the object is unspecified at several height levels. It is a reversed L-shaped with mid-point projections. Pension is bricked from ceramic blocks. The roof is a combination of a sliding flat roof and a console roof. The building is situated in a place of flat terrain.
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Lusley, Pauline. "Compréhension des mécanismes directs et indirects de résistance à la pourriture racinaire du pois causée par Aphanomyces euteiches : influence du choix variétal et de la cohorte microbienne associée. Compared analysis of architectural symptoms and disease severity caused by Aphanomyces euteiches between winter and spring peas. Co-existence of Rhizobia and non-rhizobial bacteria in the nodules of Pisum sativum L. depending on cultivars and influencing mycelium growth of Aphanomyces euteiches. The microbial cavalry: how crop could be determinant to beneficially shape soil microbiome in the battlefield against Aphanomyces euteiches." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR091.
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Le pois protéagineux, dont la culture est bien adaptée au contexte pédoclimatique normand, représente une source nutritive importante en protéines végétales. A l’heure actuelle, les cultures protéagineuses font partie des cultures d’avenir aux vues de leurs nombreux intérêts agronomique, économique et environnemental. Malgré ses multiples atouts, la culture du pois protéagineux n'a pas autant de succès, principalement en raison d’une forte atteinte par diverses phytopathologies, dont le plus préjudiciable est la pourriture racinaire du pois causée par Aphanomyces euteiches. Les dégâts occasionnés peuvent conduire à une baisse importante du rendement et ainsi pénaliser les agriculteurs. Ne disposant d’aucun traitement efficace à ce jour, il est donc important de focaliser les recherches sur le développement de moyens de contrôle, ce qui passe par une compréhension holistique du pathobiome. Dans cette thèse, les travaux se sont concentrés sur la compréhension de certains mécanismes de résistance directs ou indirects à la pourriture racinaire du pois causée par A. euteiches, en se focalisant sur l’étude de la contribution des facteurs biotiques, à savoir, le génotype variétal, seul ou accompagné de son phytobiome, et donc la mise en place de multiples interactions avec les microorganismes. L’analyse comparée de l’expression de la maladie et des modifications architecturales induites a montré une expression différentielle de la maladie selon leur appartenance au groupe hiver ou printemps. Les variétés d’hiver caractérisées par une grande tolérance au froid présentent 2 traits d’intérêt : un retard d’impact sur les parties aériennes malgré une atteinte racinaire et un accroissement du système racinaire en réponse à l’infection. De plus, l’étude de la diversité bactérienne intra-nodules chez ces mêmes variétés de pois d’hiver et de printemps, a montré que la diversité de ce microbiome endophyte varie en fonction du génotype variétal. Cette étude a permis de déceler le fort potentiel biocontrôle des endophytes bactériens intra-nodulaires, avec une abondance relative observée des genres bactériens connus pour leurs effets antagonistes envers A. euteiches plus importante chez deux variétés de pois d’hiver. Le génotype variétal constitue donc un levier, direct et indirect via l’établissement d’interactions avec des microorganismes bénéfiques, pour lutter contre la pourriture racinaire du pois. Le dernier axe de recherche a démontré la forte influence des espèces cultivés sur les associations microbiennes au sien de la rhizosphère, en particulier sur l’assemblage des populations bénéfiques. La manipulation de la composition des communautés microbiennes par les couverts végétaux au bénéfice de la culture suivante représente un argument de plus en faveur de l’utilisation des rotations des cultures comme levier contre les phytopathologies. Plusieurs pistes intéressantes ressortent donc de ce travail, pour une lutte efficiente et globale contre A. euteiches : à l’échelle de la variété, par ses caractéristiques propres en lien avec son génotype et sa capacité à sélectionner des endophytes protecteurs, et à l’échelle de la rotation, par la manipulation du microbiome en faveur du pois. De belles perspectives de recherche se profilent, notamment la réalisation de tests d’efficacité de protection de tous les potentiels agents de biocontrôles isolés, qui permettraient la mise en oeuvre de consortia bénéfiques adaptés au terroir normand et aux spécificités variétales du poisPea, well-adapted to the Normandy pedoclimatic context, represents an important nutritional source of plant proteins. At present, protein crops are among the promoting crops in view of their many agronomical, economic, and environmental interests. Despite their multiple advantages, the cultivation of protein peas is not as successful, mainly due to strong attacks by various phytopathology. The most damaging is pea root rot caused by Aphanomyces euteiches leading to a significant drop in yield and thus can penalize farmers. As there is no effective treatment to date, numerous focus researches are in progress to develop efficient control methods, which requires a holistic understanding of the pathobiome. In this thesis, studies were focused on the understanding of some direct and indirect resistance mechanisms of pea root rot caused by A. euteiches. The contribution of biotic factors in this disease were studied, specifically the influence of varietal genotype and its associated phytobiome, and so the establishment of multiple interactions with microorganisms. The comparative analysis of disease severity and induced architectural modifications, showed a differential expression according to their affiliation to winter or spring group. The two winter pea cultivars characterized by a high cold tolerance presented two features of interest: a delayed impact on aerial part despite significant root damage and an increased growth of root system in response to infection. In addition, the study of intra-nodule bacterial diversity in these same cultivars showed that the diversity of their nodule microbiome varies according to varietal genotype. This study highlighted the strong biocontrol potential of intra-nodule bacterial endophytes, with a higher relative abundance of known antagonistic bacterial genera towards A. euteiches for two winter pea cultivars. The varietal genotype therefore constitutes a direct and indirect lever by the establishment of interactions with beneficial microorganisms, to fight against pea root rot. The last research line has demonstrated the strong influence of plant cultivated species on the microbial associations in the rhizosphere, specifically a modulation of the assemblage of beneficial populations. Shaping the microbial community composition though the cultivation of crops to the benefit of the next crop represents an additional argument in favor of crop rotation use as a lever against phytopathology. Several interesting alternatives were highlighted in this research work to effectively and efficiently manage A. euteiches: at the cultivar scale, by specific characteristics in relation to varieties’ genotype and their ability to select protective endophytes, and at the scale of crop rotation, by shaping microbiome in favor of pea. Great research perspectives are emerging, especially the efficiency of protection resulting from all potential isolated biocontrol agents, which would allow the development and implementation of beneficial consortia adapted to Normandy soils and to pea cultivars specificities
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Staňová, Monika. "Bytový dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240402.
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The aim of this master´s thesis is a project of a new building of a flat house situated in the cadastral area of Kunstat. The building site is sloping towards south and east. The building is sitting on the suburb of the village and contains three floors above ground level and it partitially includes basement. The purpose of this building is to accommodate foreign pensioners (German, Austrian) as there is demand on the market and in future when the trend changes it will be converted in to normal flat house for young families. The roof is constructed as a flat single skin roof. In the ground floor (basement) there is a surgery, food shop and newsagent, gym, swimming room and utility rooms. A restaurant, kitchen, social room, chapel, utility rooms and employees dressing rooms are situated in the first floor. The flats are accessible only for the flat owners through a door. The following other two storeys includes only flats. For the main wall structural system we have used a shuttered wall system. Documentation has been prepared for this building construction. The graphical part of this documentation has been processed in the AUTOCAD software.
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Troup, Tomáš. "Nový pavilon SOU Písek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265446.
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Diploma thesis deals a project documentation of a new school pavilion SOU in the location Pisek because of the unsatisfactory existing school bulding, which is located at a small distance from the new pavilion. Investor wants to build a new object of universal classrooms for ca. 180 students and sports hall with hygienic and technical facilities, which will be able for football club FC Pisek (football fields and central object of FC Pisek are close to neighboring plots). Investor wants to let the school canteen be on the current place, which is north of the new object. The object is designed as a two-floor with roof ascent (3.NP terrace), part of the building is embedded in the ground. The structural system of the school object is a ceramic bricks system, structural system of the sports hall is a reinforced concrete system. The roof of school object is warm flat roof and roof of sport hall is warm flat roof as well but mono-pitched type. The object has a U -shaped.
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Písařík, Jan. "Polyfunkční dům v Brně Medlánkách." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226195.
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Master´s thesis “Multifunctional building in Brno Medlánky“ is processed in the form of project documentation. Multifunctional building is designed as a detached house with a flat roof. The object has four above-ground floors with no basement. In the object there are twelve flats and three shops altogether. The object is made of building system Porotherm.
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Goswami, Rituparna. "Characterization of the nuclear envelope mechano- transduction in Arabidopsis : from supracellular stress to chromatin remodeling." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAJ102.
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Les cellules végétales détectent et répondent à divers stimuli mécaniques externes comme le toucher ou le vent, et internes comme la pression osmotique et la tension des parois cellulaires. Dans cette étude, j'ai démontré que la forme et la rigidité du noyau sont affectées de manière réversible en condition de stress hyperosmotique et sont corrélées à l’expression de gènes. Afin d'identifier les bases moléculaires de cette réponse, nous avons étudié différents mutants. En particulier, les protéines GIP lient cytosquelette, enveloppe nucléaire et chromatine ; nous avons observé que le mutant gip1gip2 présente une réponse nucléaire de type hyperosmotique constitutive et acquiert même une résistance physiologique au stress hyperosmotique. De façon plus exploratoire, j’ai commencé à analyser l’impact du nucléosquelette (mutant crwn1) et de la paroi (mutant eli1) sur la forme des noyaux et leurs réponses au stress hyperosmotique. Notre étude ouvre le champ de la mécanotransduction nucléaire chez les plantes, et offre de nombreuses perspectivesPlant cells sense and respond to external mechanical stimuli such as touch or wind, and to internal mechanical stimuli, such as turgor pressure and cell wall tension. In this study I have demonstrated that the nuclear shape and mechanics are impacted upon hyperosmotic stress in a reversible manner and are correlated with gene expression. To identify the molecular bases of this response, we have investigated different mutants. First the GIP proteins are at the nexus between cytoskeleton, nuclear envelope, and chromatin. We found that the gip1gip2 mutant defects exhibits a constitutive hyperosmotic nuclear response and is already primed to resist hyperosmotic stress. As a more exploratory work, I also analysed the contribution of the nucleoskeleton (crwn1 mutant) and cell wall (eli1 mutant) on nucleus behaviour in response to hyperosmotic stress. Our study opens the path to nuclear mechanotransduction in plants, while also offering several prospects for future research in this area
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Мартовицький, Артур Володимирович, Артур Владимирович Мартовицкий, and A. V. Martovitsky. "Геомеханічні процеси при відробці вугільних пластів струговими комплексами в умовах шахт Західного Донбасу." Thesis, Видавництво НГУ, 2012. http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/205.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.15.09 – «Геотехнічна і гірнича механіка». – Державний ВНЗ «Національний гірничий університет». – Дніпропетровськ, 2012.Диссертация на соискание ученой степени доктора технических наук по специальности 05.15.09 – «Геотехническая и горная механика». Государственный ВУЗ «Национальный горный университет». Днепропетровск. 2012
Thesis for obtain the degree of doctor of technical sciences, specialty 05.15.09 - "Geotechnical and rock mechanics." - SHEI "National Mining University." - Dnepropetrovsk, 2012
Робота присвячена вирішенню актуальної науково-технічної проблеми адаптації стругових комплексів при відпрацюванні малопотужних вугільних пластів в умовах слабометаморфізованих порід шахт Західного Донбасу на підгрунті дослідження геомеханічних процесів, що протікають навколо системи «лава-вугільний цілик-камери монтажу та демонтажу». Технічна ідея роботи полягає у тому, що для скорочення часу на операцію «монтаж-демонтаж обладнання» попередньо проводиться демонтажна камера. У дисертації виконано комплекс досліджень, де розглянуті усі геомеханічні процеси, що виникають при відпрацюванні вугільного стовпа від монтажної до демонтажної камери. Встановлено для гірничо-геологічних умов ПСП «Шахта Степова», що критичний розмір виробленого простору, що призводить до обвалення порід основної покрівлі дорівнює 34±3 м. Обґрунтована залежність цієї величини від глибини залягання вугільного пласта. Встановлений характер розподілу напружень навколо криволінійного вибою лави, що рухається. Досліджено напружено-деформований стан породного масиву навколо динамічної системи «стругова лава-вугільний цілик-камери монтажу та демонтажу». Надані рекомендації щодо форми демонтажної камери та конструкції комбінованого кріплення. За рахунок скорочення терміну демонтажу обладнання отримано економічний ефект у розмірі 8,6 млн. гривень.
Работа посвящена решению актуальной научно-технической проблемы адаптации струговых комплексов при отработке маломощных пластов угля в условиях слабометаморфизированных вмещающих пород шахт Западного Донбасса на основе исследования геомеханических процессов, протекающих в окрестности системы «лава-угольный целик-камеры монтажа и демонтажа». Идея работы состоит в том, чтобы исследовать Геомеханические процессы на всех этапах отработке угольного пласта струговым комплексом и сократить время на демонтаж оборудования путем использования для этих целей предварительно пройденной демонтажной камеры. В диссертации выполнен комплекс натурных и аналитических исследований, охватывающий все процессы отработки выемочного столба. Путем постановки натурных и численных экспериментов отпредлен критический размер обнажения пород основной кровли, при котором произойдет первичное обрушение. Для условий ПСП «Шахта Степная» он составил 34±3 м. Получена функциональная зависимость, позволяющая вести прогноз этой геомеханической ситуации. Подана заявка на патент Украины. На основе численного моделирования исследовано распределение напряжений и деформаций в окрестности криволинейного забоя струговой лавы. Решена пространственная задача, установлены закономерности распределения вертикальной составляющей напряжений в произвольной точке пространства, что позволяет учесть этот факт в момент приближения лавы к демонтажной камере. Решена задача о распределении напряжений и перемещений в окрестности демонтажной камеры с различным очертанием поперечного сечения и разным количеством структурных элементов в системе комбинированной крепи. Обоснован оптимальный вариант полуарочной формы поперечного сечения, позволяющий обеспечить устойчивость выработки и технологичность выполнения операций по демонтажу оборудования. Выполнена геомеханическая оценка взаимного влияния забоя приближающейся лавы и демонтажной камеры. Установлено, что их существенное совместное влияние начинается при размере угольного целика шириной 10 м. Выполнена оценка развития геомеханических процессов в окрестности перемещающейся струговой лавы путем анализа давления в гидростойках механизированной крепи. Установлено, что взаимное влияние лавы и демонтажной камеры начинает проявляться на расстоянии 116 м и резко нарастает при размере угольного целика шириной 12,7 м. После этого давление в гидростойках падает. Этот момент следует рассматривать как критический, когда в демонтажной камере должны быть приняты максимальные меры безопасности. Разработаны и переданы шахте рекомендации по управлению устойчивостью демонтажной камеры. За счет сокращения планового срока демонтажа на 15 суток получен экономический эффект в размере 8,6 млн. гривен.
The paper is devoted to solving the actual scientific and technological problems of plow system adaptation when developing thin coal seams in weakly metamorphosed rocks of the Western Donbass mines. It is based on studying the geomechanical processes around the system "longwall - coal pillar – chambers for equipment assembly and disassembly". Technical idea of the paper is as following: in order to reduce the time for the operation "the assembly - disassembly of equipment", the special chamber is being held ahead of all the operations. All geomechanical processes arising when developing coal pillar from the assembling chamber to the pre-constructed disassembling chamber are considered. The critical size of mined-out space that leads to roof caving is determined. It is equal 34 ± 3 m in geological terms of private owned plant "Mine Stepnaya". The dependence of this quantity on the depth of the coal seam mining is grounded. The stress distribution around the curvilinear-moving longwall face is determined. The stress-strain state of the rock mass around the dynamic of the "plow longwall - coal pillar - equipment assembly and disassembly chambers" is studied. The recommendations regarding the form of the pre-constructed disassembling chamber and combined support are given. Due to reducing the time of dismantling the economic effect of $ 8.6 million hryvna is achieved.
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Tunková, Martina. "Městské lázně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215713.
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Huang, Pao-Min, and 黃寶民. "Study on Shape Memory Effect in Aging of Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy Wire Bent in V-Shape at Room Temperature." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32294348955127934462.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
102
In this study, Ni-rich Ni-Ti shape-memory alloys (SMAs) were formed at room temperature to reduce the use of expensive dies during the thermomechanical forming and constraint aging process in order to maximize the economic benefits. After undergoing solution treatments at various temperatures, SMA wires were formed at room temperature into different curvatures. Subsequently, the SMA wires were subjected to aging treatments at different temperatures. The springback of SMA wires was examined after forming and after aging. A reverse bending tests were used to explore the shape memory effect (SME) of SMAs. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employed to measure the phase transformation temperature, and a Vickers hardness testing was performed on SMAs as well. As a result, the phase of all SMAs in this study at room tempera-ture is austenite. The springback decreases with a higher solution treatment temperature or a smaller radius of curvature after forming, while the springback increases with a higher aging temperature after aging. Besides, with an aging temperature of 300oC, the SMA has the lowest phase transformation temperature and the highest hardness values among the aging temperatures range from 100oC to 500oC. In addition, all SMAs after aging have a shape recovery rate about 97% in average. Parameters for cold forming and aging SMA could be gathered in this study to provide a reference for future applications of SMAs in the industry.
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Su, Jhe-Yung, and 蘇哲雍. "Study on Shape Memory Effect of Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy Sheet in Stretching Forming at Room Temperature." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rjatem.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
105
The study is aimed to investigate the properties of Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloy sheet parts during and after stretch forming process at room temperature, which is under bi-axial tensile state. After undergoing solid solution treatment at 800°C, shape memory alloy sheet is formed at room temperature by a hemispherical punch in different dies. Thereafter the stretch formed sheet part is subjected to aging treatment for shape memory. A free recovery and constrained recovery experiment are further conducted onto the stretch formed shape memory alloy part. DSC and tensile test are used to verify the property of the materials. As a result, the sheet metal has austenitic phase at room temperature, which shows large amount of springback. Too small forming amount causes severe springback and the form of the stretch formed sheet part is very hard to detect with the naked eye. Only if a forming amount beyond the critical value is applied, a form can be achieved on to the sheet part. The subsequent aging shape memory treatment can include further springback of the stretch formed sheet part. The more the stretch forming amount, the less the springback by aging. The free recovery experiment shows that the stretch formed sheet part only undergoing solid solution without shape memory treatment still possesses shape memory effect. However the higher the stretch forming amount is given, the lower the shape recovery rate can be achieved. Nevertheless, the stretch formed sheet part treated with shape memory aging can show an excellent shape recovery rate up to 90%. Furthermore the more the stretch forming amount on the sheet part, the higher the reaction force can be generated by constrained recovery. The forming progress of shape memory alloy sheet and recovery of shape memory effect in this study provide a reference for future actuator applications in the industry.
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Chen, Tzu-Hsu, and 陳慈煦. "Echo Labeling for Room Shape Estimation Achieved by Alternating Coordinate Descent, Quasi-Newton and Trust-region Methods." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3563ux.
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碩士國立交通大學
應用數學系數學建模與科學計算碩士班
106
"Can one hear the shape of a room?" is asked and investigated by Dokmanic et al.. In this thesis, Dokmanic et al.'s original way of echo labeling by alternating coordinate descent is compared with quasi-Newton and trust-region methods. To test performance of the methods, a sound-emitting device arbitrarily connecting four receivers that hear the echoes is placed in three different rooms in simulation. Under the assumptions that the room impulse responses could be successfully estimated and their peaks could be perfectly selected, the whole process for the room shape estimation is tested with 100 random settings. The estimated shape of the rooms via the three methods are roughly characterized as "good", "bad", or "failed". They are compared in different performance indices, including the execution time, the magnitude of error for non-failed results and the frequency of occurrences of failed results. Other implementation details like the termination criteria, the handling of multiple solutions, and the error estimation are also reported.
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Berndtsson, My, and Sara Pettersson. "Provrumsbelysning." Thesis, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26403.
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The fitting room is an important part of a clothing store, it's often where the customer decides if they want to buy the garment or not. Therefore it is important that the customer can feel safe and comfortable when they are trying the clothing. A typical fitting room in Sweden today has only one bright spotlight that emits light either towards the face or from the ceiling above. This study explores possible lighting solutions that take into account the customer's experience in the fitting room. The study aim to increase understanding of the importance of a good light in fitting rooms, so that customers gets a nice experience and that clothes, body shape and facial features are shown in a natural way. The issue therefore included how lighting can affect the customer's perception of the clothing and how the perception of body shape, facial features and the clothes change in different lighting solutions. To answer these questions, observations were made in various clothing stores, followed by an experimental study divided into two parts. The first part was a practical part where trying different lighting directions were tested on a mannequin, which resulted in three selected lighting solutions. The second part was a full-scale study. 15 people evaluated a fitting room with three different lighting solutions. The result demonstrates the importance of natural shadows and contrasts on the face and body and that it is important to consider how light falls and avoid glare. This is done by well-placed or shielded fixtures and by using several different lighting directions. The lighting in fitting rooms should be adapted to the type of clothes and customer group.Provrummet är en viktig del i en klädbutik, det är ofta där kunden beslutar om plagget ska köpas eller inte. Det är därför viktigt att kunden kan känna sig trygg och bekväm vid klädprovningen. Ett typiskt provrum i Sverige idag har endast en ljuspunkt som belyser kunden antingen rakt framifrån eller ovanifrån. I denna studie undersöks tänkbara belysningslösningar som tar hänsyn till kundens upplevelse i provrummet. Studiens syfte var att öka förståelsen för hur viktigt det är med en god belysning i provrum, för att kunden ska få en bra upplevelse och att kläderna, kroppens form och anletsdrag ska framhävas på ett naturligt sätt. Frågeställningen innefattade därför hur belysningen kan påverka kundens upplevelse av klädprovningen och hur upplevelsen av kroppens form, anletsdrag och kläderna förändras i olika belysningslösningar. För att besvara dessa frågor gjordes observationer i olika klädbutiker, därefter genomfördes en experimentell studie som delades in i två delar. Första delen var en praktiskt prövande del där olika ljusriktningar testades på en skyltdocka. Denna resulterade i tre belysningslösningar att gå vidare med. Andra delen var en fullskalestudie där ett provrum byggdes upp med de tre olika belysningslösningar som sedan 15 stycken personer fick studera med hjälp av ett frågeformulär. Resultatet visar på vikten av att belysningen skapar naturliga skuggor och kontraster på kropp och ansikte, och att det är viktigt att tänka på hur ljuset faller, samt att belysningen inte är bländande. Detta görs genom välplacerade eller avskärmade armaturer och med flera olika ljusriktningar. Studien visar att belysningen i provrum bör anpassas efter typ av kläder och kundgrupp.
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"Minimizing Hydraulic Resistance of a Plant Root by Shape Optimization." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.40290.
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abstract: Analytical solution of the pressure field for water uptake through a composite root, coupled with fully saturated soil is derived by using the slender body approximation. It is shown that in general, the resistance of the root and soil are not additive. This result can play a very important role in modelling water uptake through plant roots and determination of hydraulic resistances of plant roots. Optimum plant root structure that minimizes a single root’s hydraulic resistance is also studied in this work with the constraint of prescribed root volume. Hydraulic resistances under the slender body approximation and without such a limitation are considered. It is found that for large stele-to-cortex permeability ratio, there exists an optimum root length-to-base-radius ratio that minimizes the hydraulic resistance. A remarkable feature of the optimum root structure is that the optimum dimensionless stele conductivity depends only on a single geometrical parameter, the stele-to-root base-radius ratio. Once the stele-to-root base-radius ratio and the stele-to-cortex permeability ratio are given, the optimum root length-to-radius ratio can be found. While these findings remain to be verified by experiments for real plant roots, they offer theoretical guidance for the design of bio-inspired structures that minimizes hydraulic resistance for fluid production from porous media.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2016
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Senior, JK. "Evolutionary history can shape belowground ecological interactions in eucalypts." Thesis, 2016. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23494/1/Senior_whole_thesis.pdf.
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The influence of plant-microbial interactions on the structure and dynamics of native vegetation is gaining increasing attention. Plants may alter (i.e., ‘condition’) soil microbial communities with subsequent consequences for their performance via plant-soil feedbacks. Such feedbacks often vary in direction and magnitude among species and have been linked to the successional state, diversity and structure of temperate and tropical ecosystems. The drivers of variable conditioning and feedbacks are not clear, but recent studies suggest that plant evolutionary history may be a predictor of belowground ecological interactions. This thesis investigates whether plant evolutionary history can indeed explain plant-soil feedbacks using Tasmanian eucalypt species representing the subgenera, Eucalyptus and Symphyomyrtus, as well as the underlying genetic mechanisms.
In chapter 2, seedlings of a species from each subgenus, E. globulus and E. obliqua, were examined for responses to native soil inoculum that were consistent with plant-soil feedback, and whether feedbacks could be modified by wild fire. Soils were collected from beneath mature E. globulus or E. obliqua trees within native forest stands that had or had not been burnt by a recent wildfire and were subsequently used to inoculate seedlings of both species in a glasshouse experiment. Eucalyptus globulus displayed responses consistent with a positive plant-soil feedback, where seedlings performed better when inoculated with E. globulus as opposed to E. obliqua soils. However, this effect was only present when seedlings were inoculated with soils collected from unburnt as opposed to burnt stands, suggesting that fire removed the positive effect of E. globulus inoculum. These findings indicated that eucalypt species, and possibly subgenera, may differ in plant-soil feedbacks and these feedbacks can be influenced by external factors.
Chapter 3 tests whether feedbacks are a consequence of soil conditioning and whether there is a phylogenetic signal to these feedbacks. Seedlings of 14 Tasmanian eucalypt species from both subgenera were inoculated with soils conditioned by each of these species in a common garden. Conditioning and feedback effects were detected and shown to exhibit a significant phylogenetic signal. For each focal species, feedback was calculated as the slope of the linear regression of its relative response to each conditioned soil against its phylogenetic distance from the soil conditioning species. Species from subgenus Eucalyptus performed better when inoculated with soils conditioned by more distant relatives (i.e., negative plant-soil feedback), while species from subgenus Symphyomyrtus either showed neutral or small positive responses. These results argued that plant evolutionary history can shape soil conditioning and plant-soil feedbacks.
In chapter 4, DNA was extracted from the same conditioned soils and sequenced to determine whether the eucalypt subgenera differentially conditioned soil microbes and whether conditioning was associated with phylogenetic signal in plant-soil feedbacks. Fungal community composition was found to differ between soils conditioned by each subgenus, indicating phylogenetic signal in the conditioning of fungal communities. Further, soils sampled from subgenus Eucalyptus species more frequently contained fungal taxa that exhibit pathogenic relationships with eucalypts. These taxa were associated with negative feedbacks to conditioned soils, presenting potential candidate organisms driving the negative responses of subgenus Eucalyptus to its own soils.
Chapter 5 examines species differences in root chemistry as a potential mechanism for conditioning of the soil microbial community, and ultimately, phylogenetic signal in plant-soil feedbacks. The concentrations of total phenolics, condensed tannins, carbohydrates, terpenes and formylated phloroglucinol compounds in the roots significantly varied among 24 Tasmanian eucalypt species studied from both subgenera. There was significant phylogenetic signal to this variation, with subgenus Eucalyptus roots containing higher concentrations of only total phenolics, while subgenus Symphyomyrtus roots contained higher concentrations of all other groups of compounds, especially, terpenes and formylated phloroglucinol compounds. Integration of these results with those from chapters 3 and 4, showed statistically significant relationships of root compounds with microbial taxa that were associated with feedbacks as well as the feedbacks themselves. These findings suggested that susceptibility of subgenus Eucalyptus species to soil pathogens and thus, negative feedbacks, may ultimately be related to root chemical traits.
This thesis contributes significantly to the field of plant-soil interactions. It provides further support for the use of evolutionary history as a predictor of plant ecological interactions. While plant-soil feedbacks have been associated with microbial conditioning and recent work has suggested that soil conditioning can display a phylogenetic signal, this thesis provides the first evidence of a phylogenetic signal in both microbial conditioning and feedback responses. Thus, closely related species can condition similar microbial communities and respond to conditioned communities similarly, highlighting a putative mechanism driving phylogenetic structure to plant communities. This work encourages the continued investigation of phylogenetic structure in plant-soil interactions and holds the potential to increase our understanding of the mechanisms structuring plant communities and vegetation dynamics.
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Fereidani, Nazanin Azimi. "Design of residential complexes with emphasize on the role of roof on reducing energy consumption." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/90489.
Full textAbstract:
Documentos apresentados no âmbito do reconhecimento de graus e diplomas estrangeirosHuman life from the beginning and during all eras has been directly related to the production and consumption of energy. Technology advancement is dependent on energy and its consumption, Limited reserves of fossil fuels, as well as environmental pollution resulted from their consumption has stimulated issues related to environment and energy. Thus, in recent years, using renewable energy sources is a major concern of modern human because in addition of being renewable, they are very diverse too. That is why that now a day and in industrialized countries this issue is followed seriously. And in this way, especially in the construction sector, much attention has been paid to designing and developing samples proportionate to this objective. Thus, energy saving in these buildings can have a significant impact in reducing consumption of fossil energies Roof is one of the main components of the building which is generally neglected by building designers. Through examining thermal performance and tracking their changes during different hours and seasons and direct using of solar source, one can achieve effective ways to reform component design, and found out that such an architectural element to what extent can be effective in loss of energy or indirect energy saving, especially in urban areas. The research investigates thermal behavior of roof shape, according to the mean radiant temperature which is one component of the thermal comfort, in sloping roofs of residential complexes in the Karaj City. (The dominant form of the ceiling in the study area). At first ,in this research ,library studies and analytical happened ,and in the next section, computational simulation as research methodology are applied.In this section alternativesare modeled and compute based on four types of roofs with different angles. At the end, the final results of analysis, show the best form and angle for reduce the waste of energy in this area that are used in final design.
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Mummert, Craig Nevin. "The development of a machine vision system to measure the shape of a sweetpotato root." 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12292004-092135/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Abou, Rajab Yasmin Joana Monna. "Shade trees in cacao agroforestry systems: influence on roots and net primary production." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002B-7C03-E.
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Tavares, Ana Raquel Nunes da Silva. "Comparative analysis of root canal instrumentation using protaper next TM, reciproc TM & waveonegold TM shape systems." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/26094.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de mestrado, Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2016INTRODUCTION: Root canal therapy is one of the most widely accepted treatment modality for pulpally involved teeth. Objective in root canal preparation is to develop a shape that tapers from apical to coronal, maintaining the original canal anatomy. Irrigation with antibacterial solutions is performed as complement to mechanical preparation and it depends largely on the ability of the irrigant to penetrate the full extent of the root canal system, influenced by the original anatomy as well as the final shape created through mechanical preparation. AIM: The purpose of this ex vivo study was to evaluate and compare the mechanical preparation of three different rotary file systems: WaveOne GoldTM, ReciprocTM and ProTaper NextTM. Analyzed with computerized micro tomography, the following parameters were evaluated: canalar volume, SMI, surface, area and diameter (average). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 extracted humans mandibular first molars were selected. Each mesial root was, randomly, placed separately and prepared, by the same operator, in three groups of 10 samples: Group A – WaveOne GoldTM, Group B – ReciprocTM, Group C – ProTaper NextTM. An image analysis, and data register, was made before and after the canal instrumentation, using micro-CT (in collaboration with CDRsp - IP Leiria). RESULTS: There are statistically differences in the post instrumentation bidimensional parameters: the area increase with Reciproc files was significantly greater than with WaveOne Gold (p = 0.026) or Protaper Next (p = 0.007); the diameter increment after the preparation with Reciproc files was significantly higher than with ProTaper Next (p = 0.032), however, the difference between Reciproc and Wave One Gold was not statistically significant. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Reciproc files produce major changes in the geometric conditions of the root canal systems, followed by WaveOne Gold and ProTaper Next, respectively.
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Chuang, Fu-Hsiung, and 莊富雄. "Root form and canal anatomy of mandibular second molar with C- shaped root--- The evaluations of clearing technique and radiographic examination." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81802917803953957268.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄醫學院
牙醫學研究所
86
The mandibular second molar has many root canal varition, and theC-shaped root canal is the most interesting one. Although the reportedincidence of the C-shaped canal in the mandibular second molar is 32.9%in Chinese, the criteria for its recognition, particularly clinically, are ambuguous. To data, there has been no morphological or radiographic examinations of the C-shaped root in mandibular second molar. The purpose of this study was to use two different methods of evaluation to study this specific canal variation. Total 100 extracted human mandibularsecond molars with C-shaped root were classified and prepared as theaccess opening. After the radiographic examination at two direction withfile negotiated the canal, the teeth were dimineralized and rendedtransparent by clearing agent. Ink was injected to canal system todetermine the root canal morphology. The results illustrated that C-shapedcanals in mandibular second molars with C-shaped roots can vary innumber and shape. Five types of C-shaped root was established. Eighty- nine percent of the C-shaped teeth have continuous C or semicolon pulp chamber floor configuration. Thirty-two percent of the samples havesemicolon canal, and contiunous C type existed twenty-six percentage.Thirty-nine percent of the C- shaped teeth without C-shaped orifice examined were found to have C-shaped canal.Fifty-six percent of thesamples displayed two apical foramen. The radiographic examinationcannotbe the guide alone for the diagonsis of C-shaped canals.
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Hung, Pei-Xiang, and 洪培翔. "Comparison on Root Distribution Pattern of Eight Tree Species with Different Shade Tolerance Classes." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67395354050325548680.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
森林系所
103
A tree root system grows under the ground, it is not easy to observe its growth and development. But, to understand the root types and distribution patterns of different species is important to applications in silviculture and soil and water conservation. I planted 8 kinds of one year-old seedlings of Taiwan native broadleaf species in large vessels with 12 m in length, 2 m in width, and 1 m in heigh. The objectives of this research was to observe the root growth and distribution after harvest. Experimental tree species included Melia azedarach, Fraxinus formosana, Bischofia javanica, and Cinnamomum camphora which are shade-intolerant species, and Michelia compressa, Barringtonia asiatica, Machilus obovatifolia and Hernandia Sonora which are medium shade-tolerant species. 11 months After planting I discovered that M. azedarach had the biggest growth height of 336 cm, followed by B. javanica, F. formosana and C. camphora with growth height of 160-200 cm. Regarding the biomass allocation in root againt the whole tree, it was 54% for H. Sonora, 40% for M. azedarach, 30% for F. formosana, B. javanica, C. camphora, M. compressa and B. asiatica and 11% for M. obovatifolia. Regarding the biomass allocation in coarse root against the whole root, it was 96% for M. azedarach, 80% for B. javanica, C. camphora and B. asiatica, and 50-70% F. formosana, M. compressa, M. obovatifolia and H. Sonora. Regarding the depth of root, it was over 60 cm for M. azedarach, B. javanica, C. camphora, B. asiatica and H. Sonora, and 45 cm for F. formosana, M. compressa and M. obovatifolia. Regarding the width of root, it was 331 cm for M. azedarach, over 100 cm for B. javanica and C. camphora, 51-100 cm for F. formosana, M. compressa, B. asiatica and H. Sonorain, and less than 50 cm for M. obovatifoliais. The depth and width of the experimental trees showed of significant positive correlation with the height. Regarding the horizontal area of the root distribution, it was 8.81 m2 for M. azedarach, 2.33 m2 for B. javanica, 1.06 m2 for C. camphora, 1 m2 for the other. Regarding the root type, M. azedarach, C. camphora, M. compressa and H. Sonora had one single major root; F. formosana, B. javanica and M. obovatifolia had no major root, but with more than 10 major branches, and B. asiaticais had 3-4 major roots. The 8 species had their different root types and distribution patterns. M. azedarach, B. javanica, C. camphora, and H. Sonora had heavier root growth. B. asiatica had less root branches but each larger than other. F. formosana, M. compressa, and M. obovatifolia had lighter roots.
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Angonese, Michele Pozzatto. "Reabsorção radicular após tratamendo ortodôntico." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5619.
Full textAbstract:
O presente estudo aborda a reabsorção radicular como resultado do tratamento ortodôntico, apontando variáveis mecânicas e biológicas responsáveis pelo processo tais como idade, género, trauma, anatomia dentária, agenesias, tipo de forças ortodônticas e tempo de tratamento. A morfologia radicular é um dos principais fatores pois indica a suscetibilidade dos dentes à reabsorção radicular. Forma de pipeta, triangulares e com ápices afilados são mais afetados. A idade do paciente, gênero, tempo de tratamento e tipo de má-oclusão parecem não apresentar relação direta com a reabsorção radicular, mas sim a gravidade da má-oclusão e a amplitude dos movimentos a serem executados. Apesar de ser um processo com pouca previsibilidade, a reabsorção radicular cessa após o término do tratamento, não comprometendo a capacidade funcional dos dentes envolvidos.The present study reports root resorption as a result of orthodontic treatment, pointing out mechanical and biological variables, liable for this process such as age, gender, trauma, tooth anatomy, agenesy, type of orthodontic forces and treatment time. Root shape is one of the main points, because indicates the tooth suscetibility to root resorption. Pippete shape, triangular and tapered roots are more affected. Patients age, gender, treatment time and type of maloclusion don’t seem to relate to root resorption, but the gravity of maloclusion and magnitude of movements to be executed. Despite being hard to predict, the process of root resorption stops after the treatment, without compromising the teeth function.
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Hamam, Hassan Hasan H. "Simulating the Effect of Water on the Fracture System of Shale Gas Wells." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8443.
Full textAbstract:
It was observed that many hydraulically fractured horizontal shale gas wells
exhibit transient linear flow behavior. A half-slope on a type curve represents this
transient linear flow behavior. Shale gas wells show a significant skin effect which is
uncommon in tight gas wells and masks early time linear behavior. Usually 70-85 percent of
frac water is lost in the formation after the hydraulic fracturing job. In this research, a
shale gas well was studied and simulated post hydraulic fracturing was modeled to relate
the effect of frac water to the early significant skin effect observed in shale gas wells.
The hydraulically fractured horizontal shale gas well was described in this work
by a linear dual porosity model. The reservoir in this study consisted of a bounded
rectangular reservoir with slab matrix blocks draining into neighboring hydraulic
fractures and then the hydraulic fractures feed into the horizontal well that fully
penetrates the entire rectangular reservoir.
Numerical and analytical solutions were acquired before building a 3D 19x19x10
simulation model to verify accuracy. Many tests were conducted on the 3D model to
match field water production since initial gas production was matching the analytical solutions before building the 3D simulation model. While some of the scenarios tested
were artificial, they were conducted in order to reach a better conceptual understanding
of the field.
Increasing the water saturation in the formation resulted in increasing water
production while lowering gas production. Adding a fractured bottom water layer that
leaked into the hydraulic fracture allowed the model to have a good match of water and
gas production rates. Modeling trapped frac water around the fracture produced
approximately the same amount of water produced by field data, but the gas production
was lower. Totally surrounding the fracture with frac water blocked all gas production
until some of the water was produced and gas was able to pass through. Finally, trapped
frac water around the fracture as combined with bottom water showed the best results
match.
It was shown that frac water could invade the formation surrounding the
hydraulic fracture and could cause formation damage by blocking gas flow. It was also
demonstrated that frac water could partially block off gas flow from the reservoir to the
wellbore and thus lower the efficiency of the hydraulic fracturing job. It was also
demonstrated that frac water affects the square root of time plot. It was proven by
simulation that the huge skin at early time could be caused by frac water that invades
and gets trapped near the hydraulic fractures due to capillary pressure.
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Lin, Cheng-Han, and 林政翰. "The relationship between radiographic attachment loss and occlusal attrition dimension, root shape and chewing habit in molar teeth - A parametric analysis." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61988392070874105295.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄醫學大學
牙醫學研究所
88
Numerous studies concluded that occlusal trauma is a cofactor of periodontal breakdown. The shapes of molar roots also have significant influence on the progression of periodontal disease. Little or limited information about the relationships among occlusal attrition dimension (OAD), root shape, chewing habit and periodontal attachment loss in molars is available. The sample pool of the present study consisted of 44 individuals, ages 19 to 66 years ( mean age = 40.0±10.6 years), with a totally 292 teeth. The mean RAL (named as RAL/AD) was first introduced in this study. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate : (1) the relationship between OAD and RAL/AD in molars. (2) the influence of molar root shape (cone-shaped or non cone-shaped) on the RAL and RAL/AD. (3) the influence of unilateral chewing habit on the RAL and RAL/AD. The results were summarized as follows : (1) The attrition duration (AD) have positive correlation with OAD and RAL. (2) Male exhibited greater (p<0.05) occlusal attrition than female. The difference of RAL in gender revealed no statistical significance, whereas the means of RAL/AD in female were significantly greater (p<0.05) than in male. (3) The distribution of root shape in gender revealed statistical non-significance in maxillary molars, whereas the prevalence of cone-shaped roots significantly increased (p<0.05) in the mandibular molars for female. (4) A positive relationship between OAD and RAL/AD was noted in both the first and the second molar. (5) The RAL/AD were significantly greater (p<0.05) on cone-shaped molars than those on non cone-shaped molars. (6) The absence of relationship between root trunk type and RAL, RAL/AD and the distribution of FIs was found. (7) Unilateral chewing significantly increase the RAL/AD in molars (p<0.05), but not the RAL. (8) The maxillary molars exhibited significantly greater amount of RAL/AD in the smoking group (p<0.05), whereas the RAL in all molars was not influenced by smoking.