Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rooftop rainwater harvesting system

Academic literature on the topic 'Rooftop rainwater harvesting system'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system"

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Traboulsi, Hayssam, and Marwa Traboulsi. "Rooftop level rainwater harvesting system." Applied Water Science 7, no. 2 (May 7, 2015): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0289-8.

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Radzali, N. A. W. M., H. Z. M. Shafri, M. Norman, and S. Saufi. "ROOFING ASSESSMENT FOR ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING ADOPTION USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS APPROACH." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W9 (October 30, 2018): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w9-129-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Rooftop rainwater harvesting refers to the collection and storage of water from rooftops whereby the quality of harvested rainwater depend on the types of roof and the environmental conditions. This system is capable to support the water supply in almost any place either as a sole source or by reducing stress on other sources through water savings. Remote sensing and GIS have been widely used in urban environmental analysis. Thus, this study aimed to develop the roofing layer in order to assess the potential area for rooftop rainwater harvesting adoption by integrating remote sensing and GIS approach. An urban area containing various urban roofing materials and characteristics was selected. High resolution satellite imagery acquired from WorldView-3 satellite systems with 0.3<span class="thinspace"></span>m of spatial resolution was used in order to obtain spectral and spatial information of buildings and roofs. For quality assessment, the physical and chemical parameters of the rooftop harvested rainwater were performed according to the Standard Tests for Water and Wastewater. The potential area for rooftop rainwater harvesting adoption can be identified with the detail information of the rooftops and quality assessment in geospatial environment.</p>
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Nizam, N. U. M., M. M. Hanafiah, M. B. Mokhtar, and N. A. Jalal. "Water Quality of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System (MyRAWAS)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 880, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/880/1/012039.

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Abstract Prolonged drought, population growth and water demand for various purposes have increased the water scarcity issue. To overcome this issue, a rainwater harvesting system can be utilized as an alternative for clean water supply. A rainwater harvesting system is a method of collecting rainwater from man-made surfaces such as rooftops and constructed surfaces and can be used for various sectors including household, agricultural and commercial. This study was conducted to determine the quality of rainwater harvested collected directly from rooftop. The quality of the rooftop rainwater was taken in three consecutive months and the water quality for before and after treatment was measured and compared. Commercial activated carbon was used to treat the rainwater obtained from the rooftop. The water quality was compared with the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS). The parameters involved are pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD),E.coli and total coliform bacteria. The results showed that the total value of WQI before and after treatment was 86.3 ± 8.963 and 87.6±2.081, respectively. Positive correlations were found for parameter NH3-N, COD and pH, while paired T-test showed a significant in the COD and the presence of bacteria. Total Coliform is still at a safe level by NWQS with the average value and the standard deviation for before and after treatment were 38.11 ± 13.960 cfu/ml and 10.33 ± 6.671 cfu/ml, respectively.
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Sangeetha*, S. P., P. S. Aravind Raj, Vaishak S. Nair, Antony Sebastin, and Hani Samad. "Application of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System in North East India." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 3575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b7673.018520.

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The main source of water, is rain for all life on earth. Rainwater harvesting is the best way to collect rainwater and utilize it effectively. Rainwater harvesting is used as a best method to collect and store water for future needs in water scarcity areas where water is not available throughout the year. This practice is becoming popular over the last few years as many people can no longer rely on the availability of ground water to satisfy their needs. North Eastern States in India experiences heavy rainfall in the country compared to other parts. Hence implementation of Rainwater Harvesting scheme in those regions will be a better choice to store water. A Case study on rainwater harvesting in sloped roof houses available in northeast India is done in this paper. Water scarcity problems can be minimised if rain water harvesting techniques are implemented in all households.
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., Ranjeet Sable. "ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM AND IN-LINE TREATMENT." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 10 (October 25, 2016): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0510018.

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Al-Houri, Zain, and Abbas Al-Omari. "Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting in Ajloun, Jordan." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 12, no. 1 (November 24, 2021): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2021.064.

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Abstract In response to water scarcity in Ajloun governorate, Jordan, the effectiveness of implementing rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) was investigated. In addition, a structured questionnaire was prepared and distributed to randomly selected residents to assess the status of the current RRWH practices in the governorate and the people's perceptions of this practice. It was found that between 0.39 million cubic meters (MCM) in a dry year (2017) and 0.96 MCM in a wet year (2018) can be harvested, which is equivalent to 7.6% and 16.8% of the domestic water supply for these years, respectively. The analysis of a total of 360 questionnaires revealed that only 14.2% of the households in Ajloun governorate own an RRWH system. However, the majority, 80.6%, of those who do not own an RRWH system showed interest in installing one. An overwhelming majority of the sample, 96.7%, believes that the government should provide incentives to subsidize the construction of RRWH systems, which is attributed to the high initial cost of these systems. The technical and social feasibilities of RRWH, in addition to the high cost of the alternatives, justifies providing incentives, such as cost sharing for the consumers in Ajloun to implement RRWH systems.
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Peters, Everson James. "Drought monitoring for rooftop rainwater-harvesting systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management 165, no. 6 (June 2012): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wama.10.00059.

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Sazzadul Haque, Md, and Fatema Naznin Rinkey. "Evaluation of Rainwater Quality in Different Areas of Dhaka City." Journal of Innovation and Social Science Research 8, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jissr.2021.08(09).34.

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Since rainwater harvesting system was assessed to be potential in residential, industrial, educational and other institutions so the study was focused on the rainwater quality of samples collected from rooftop surface runoff of different locations of Dhaka city which is the 2nd most polluted city of the world. Locations were based upon residential, commercial, industrial zone within the area, motorized vehicles use, population, construction works etc. The rooftops were taken mainly of concrete made rooftops and within a single area 03 locations were chosen and a sample of rainwater was collected from a tin made rooftop within that area. The main purpose of this assessment was to compare the rainwater quality of different locations with the drinking water quality standards of Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO) in order to observe whether the water needs of further treatment or not for potable use. The samples were checked of physical (Turbidity) and chemical (pH, Electric Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulfate, Chloride & Fluoride) characteristics of water quality. In terms of pH, Nitrate and Fluoride values, there were significant imbalance with the standards and thus required treatment for potable use. And other parameters were within the standards.
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Karim, M. R. "Microbial contamination and associated health burden of rainwater harvesting in Bangladesh." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 8 (April 1, 2010): 2129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.031.

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Rooftop rainwater harvesting has received an increased attention as a potential alternative water supply source both in the coastal and arsenic affected rural areas in Bangladesh. Several programs in installing rainwater harvesting systems have been implemented to mitigate the drinking water problem in the coastal and arsenic affected areas in the country. This study was conducted with a view to assess sanitary integrity, microbial contamination and the associated health risk of the currently practiced rooftop rainwater harvesting mainly used for drinking water supply. Sanitary inspection of the rainwater harvesting systems and an extensive sampling of harvested rainwater from the storage reservoirs and laboratory analysis were conducted. The study findings reveal that harvested rainwater was found to microbiologically contaminated to some extend. The disease burden estimated using QHRA model showed a significant microbial health burden associated with drinking untreated rainwater and both viral and bacterial pathogens dominate the microbial disease burden. In context of arsenic mitigation, rainwater harvesting reduces the health risk from arsenic; however it may increase the microbial disease burden much higher than the level of arsenic health risk at 50 μg/L of Bangladesh standard. Microbial risk needs proper attention through the implementation of a water safety plan for safe and sustainable rainwater harvesting in Bangladesh.
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Ahmed, Afzal, Manousos Valyrakis, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman, Muhammad Arshad, Ghufran Ahmed Pasha, Rashid Farooq, and Shahmir Janjua. "Assessing the Rainfall Water Harvesting Potential Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)." CivilEng 3, no. 4 (October 12, 2022): 895–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng3040051.

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Water scarcity is a major issue for developing countries due to the continuous increase in population every year, the major environmental challenges faced by developing countries such as Pakistan being the scarcity of water. One proposed solution to meet the requirements is to conserve water from rainfall. The process consists of the collection, storage, and use of rainwater. The rooftop rainwater harvesting systems (RWH) and rainfall harvesting system for artificially recharged water by recharge wells have received increased attention in the recent past as an efficient means of water conservation. In this study, both the systems have been analyzed for the University of Engineering and Technology Taxila (UET Taxila), Pakistan. The objective of this study is to propose a system to harvest water from the rooftops of all of the buildings on the campus and also to propose the most optimum locations of recharge wells for the artificial recharge of groundwater development. Numerous field visits were conducted after every rainfall over the past few months to identify lower elevation areas, which were further validated by the results obtained by Arc GIS. The total area of catchments available for rainwater harvesting in UET Taxila and the amount of water that could be harvested or used for replenishing groundwater reserves were also assessed in the current study. The results show that the harvestable rooftop water per month is 59% of the currently available source for watering trees and plants, and the harvestable water by recharge wells is 761,400 ft3 per year.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system"

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Mundia, Clara. "ASSESSING THE RELIABILITY OF ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING FOR DOMESTIC USE IN WESTERN KENYA." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/216.

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In many developing countries, the stress of rapidly growing populations, mismanagement of resources and changing climate has created a burden on already compromised water resources. In Africa, where a significant proportion of the population is without access to improved water source, the urgency for clean available water sources to sustain healthy and productive human and natural populations has become a priority. As a water scarce country, Kenya has seen an increased investment in rainwater harvesting (RWH) projects to harness the vastly untapped rainwater resource, particularly in rural areas. Most of RWH literature is centered on the potential and implementation of rainwater harvesting systems, however not much focus has been placed on examining the demand satisfaction of these systems. This study investigates the reliability of rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) as a key priority source of water supply for domestic use in three towns in Western Kenya: Kisumu, Nakuru and Lodwar. This was done using two approaches (1) the fraction of time water was available and (2) the fraction of time that a minimum demand was met, with acceptable reliability of 0.95 or higher. Actual rainfall data and RRWH parameters were used to produce supply/demand simulations of the system under Constant-Demand and Responsive-Demand scenarios over ten years. It was observed that all towns achieved acceptable reliability values for RRWH in terms of water availability however Lodwar only achieved demand satisfaction below 0.95. This study concluded that though RRWH cannot satisfy the minimum demand requirement through all days of the year, it is more than able to provide an alternative water supply for the domestic household in periods of long dry spells or when primary water source are inadequate.
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Hamid, Roaa. "Impact of Stormwater reuse (Rainwater Harvesting) in areas with combined sewer network." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266760.

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Due to the combined effect of intense rainfall events together with the expected impact of climate change, this will put pressure on the existing and future infrastructure for storm water management. One of the challenges related to this is the combined sewer system which is still operating in large areas of many cities worldwide. In Stockholm, combined sewer represents around 50% of the total sewer pipe length. In a Combined sewer system, once the conveyed discharge exceeds the system capacity, the system overflows, which can result in a diverse range of health and environmental problems. The cause of overflow has been strongly linked to runoff from intense rainfall events. Therefore, a key proposal to overcome this problem is to disconnect runoff from hard surfaces. This research aims to investigate the impact of applying a rainwater harvesting (RWH) and reuse system to collect runoff water from roof surfaces in areas with combined sewer system. A simulation water balance model for a rooftop RWH system was developed and two reuse purposes were considered, which entails toilet flushing and garden irrigation within the property. The study area consists of one building block within Kungsholmen area in Stockholm. The obtained results indicate that applying such systems can reduce runoff to the sewer system. Toilet flushing reuse shows a higher reduction impact on sewer flow than the use for irrigation. Toilet flushing reuse reduces annual runoff volumes to sewer in a range of 49.5% - 93.4% while irrigation provided reduction in a range of 11.6% - 26.3%. Regarding number of times that overflow from the combined sewer system occurs, toilet flushing reuse demonstrated reduction of 40% - 100% while 20% to 60% was reduced by irrigation reuse. For overflow volume, a reduction rate of 11% to 100% was reached through toilet flushing in contrast to 9% to 43% reduction from irrigation reuse. 19% to 37% of toilet flushing water demand was covered by the tank, while arange of 48% to 100% was covered for irrigation demand. All these parameters were found to be sensitive to change in tank size where increasing the size result in higher flow reduction rates. When considering implementing a reuse system, it is important to consider the applicability of RWH and reuse within the specific property. In areas that are under development, either of the two reuses can be considered depending on local conditions. However, in already built up area it is difficult to introduce a system that requires significant adjustment to existing pipe networks, such as reuse systems for toilet flushing. Systems for outdoor irrigation are possible to implement in most situations. When it comes to tank size, the optimal size will depend on the intended reuse, the catchment area and the objective of the system. For example, if the main objective is to reduce potable water consumption, a smaller tank can be used compared to where the main objective is to reduce sewer overflow. Hence, when considering implementing a rainwater reuse systems, each project will need to consider the local conditions as well as the individual objectives when determining the optimal reuse purpose and tank size. A cost-benefit analysis should also be considered when determining the optimal tank size for the intended use.
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O, Brien Olivia. "Domestic water demand for consumers with rainwater harvesting systems." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86514.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The focus of the study is to theoretically assess tank-water demand and employ methods to establish the actual tank-water demand at selected houses in a case study area. This study also examines the influence of domestic rainwater harvesting systems when used in combination with a municipal water distribution system. The case study comprises of 410 low cost housing units in the Western Cape. The system demand patterns of low cost housing units are uncharacteristic, when compared with suburban system demand patterns, and cannot be defined by traditional models. Similarly, the use of rainwater harvesting systems in these areas follows an unconventional routine that is yet to be defined. A stochastic end-use model for water demand is developed which produces temporal profiles for water supplied from both sources, namely the water distribution system and the rainwater harvesting system. The model approximates a daily system and tank-water demand pattern for a single domestic household, using @RISK software. The demand estimation methodology is clarified through application on a particular case study site where harvested rainwater is frequently utilized. Estimates of the parameter values are based on consumer surveys and previous studies on the case study area, where the household size was defined in the form of a probability distribution. The results confirm the atypical system demand patterns in low cost housing units units. Although two clear peaks exist in the morning and in the evening, a relatively constant average flow is present throughout the day. A sensitivity analysis of all the model parameters verified that the household size has the most substantial influence on the tank-water demand pattern. The system and tank-water demand patterns were compared to published average daily water demand guidelines, which confirmed that increased water savings could be achieved when the rainwater source is accessible inside the household with minimal effort. The stochastic demand profiles derived as part of this research agree with the metered system demand in the same area. The results of this study could be incorporated into the future development of national standards.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die fokus van die studie is om die tenkwater-aanvraag teoreties te ontleed en metodes in werking te stel om die werklike tenkwater-aanvraag vas te stel by geselekteerde huise in ‘n gevallestudie area. Hierdie studie ondersoek ook die invloed van plaaslike reënwater-herwinningstelsels wanneer dit gebruik word in kombinasie met ‘n munisipale waterverspreidingstelsel. Die gevallestudie bestaan uit 410 laekoste behuisingseenhede in die Wes-Kaap. Die stelsel-aanvraagpatrone van laekoste behuisingseenhede is verskillend wanneer dit met voorstedelike stelsel-aanvraagpatrone vergelyk word en kan nie gedefinieer word deur tradisionele modelle nie. Soortgelyk volg die gebruik van reënwater-herwinningstelsels in hierdie areas ‘n onkonvensionele roetine. ‘n Stogastiese eindgebruikmodel vir water-aanvraag is ontwikkel, wat tydelike profiele genereer vir water wat van beide bronne verskaf word, naamlik die waterverspreidingstelsel en die reënwater-herwinningstelsel. Die model bepaal by benadering ‘n daaglikse stelsel- en tenkwater-aanvraagpatroon vir ‘n enkele plaaslike huishouding, deur @RISK sagteware. Die aanvraag-beramingstegnieke word verduidelik deur toepassing op ‘n spesifieke gevallestudie, waar herwinde reënwater gereeld gebruik word. Die parameter waardeberamings is gebaseer op verbruikers-opnames en vorige studies oor die gevallestudie-gebied, waar die grootte van die huishoudings bepaal was in die vorm van 'n waarskynlikheidsverspreiding. Die resultate bevestig die atipiese stesel aanvraagpatrone in laekoste behuisingseenhede eenhede. Alhoewel twee duidelike pieke in die oggend en die aand voorkom, is ‘n relatiewe konstante vloei dwarsdeur die dag teenwoordig. ‘n Sensitiwiteitsanalise van al die modelparameters bevestig dat die grootte van die huishouding die grootste beduidende invloed op tenkwater- aanvraagpatrone het. Die stelsel- en tenkwater-aanvraagpatrone was vergelyk met gepubliseerde gemiddelde daaglikse water-aanvraag riglyne wat bevestig dat meer waterbesparings bereik kan word waar die reënwaterbron binne die huishouding beskikbaar is met minimale moeite. Die stogastiese aanvraagprofiele, wat as deel van hierdie navorsing afgelei was, stem saam met die gemeterde stelsel-aanvraagpatroon van dieselfde area. Die resultate van hierdie studie kan in die toekomstige ontwikkeling van nasionale standaarde opgeneem word.
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Morales, Pinzón Tito. "Modelling and sustainable management of rainwater harvesting in urban systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117610.

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En esta dissertación se desarrolló un modelo para evaluar técnica, económica y ambientalmente sistemas de recogida de agua de lluvia para aprovechamiento doméstico urbano. Se analizaron diferentes tipologías de vivienda (vivienda tipo casa y vivienda tipo apartamento) y diferentes sistemas (vivienda unifamiliar, edificio de apartamentos y barrio). Se encontraron los escenarios de viabilidad económica y ambiental y se desarrollaron submodelos específicos para la evaluación directa en un amplio rango de condiciones climáticas, precios y calidad del agua para sistemas de diferentes escalas urbanas. La disertación esta preparada en cinco partes y ocho capítulos. Parte I. INTRODUCCION y MARCO METODOLOGICO APLICADO La Parte I se divide en dos capítulos. El Capítulo 1 introduce el trabajo en general y presenta un marco integral de los recursos hídricos y su importancia en las ciudades. En este capítulo se incluye la oferta y la renovabilidad de los recursos hídricos en algunos países del mundo, y las demandas de agua urbanas y las tendencias de crecimiento urbano futuro. También se muestra una relación entre consumo doméstico de agua de red y la relación entre agua y energía. Por último se exponen, la justificación y los objetivos que llevaron al desarrollo de esta tesis. El Capítulo 2 presenta la metodología general que se desarrolló, dando un especial énfasis en la modelización de sistemas, análisis económico y de evaluación ambiental. Además, en este capítulo se incluyen los sistemas analizados y estudios de casos incluidos en la investigación, así como la validación realizada en el principal modelo desarrollado. Parte II. MODELADO DE LOS SISTEMAS DE RECOGIDA DE AGUA DE LLUVIA La Parte II incluye el Capítulo 3. Este capítulo presenta en detalle el desarrollo de un modelo de simulación de los sistemas de recogida de agua de lluvia y su evaluación comparativa con otros softwares existentes. Este software se llama Plugrisost como un acrónimo de pluviales, grises y la sostenibilidad. Además, en el capítulo se describen los factores determinantes que condujeron a su creación y las nuevas características incluidas para facilitar la evaluación integral de recogida de aguas pluviales. Parte III. ASPECTOS SOCIALES, OFERTA POTENCIAL Y LOS BENEFICIOS AMBIENTALES DE AGUA DEL LLUVIA EN ZONAS URBANAS La Parte III se compone de dos capítulos. El Capítulo 4 presenta un estudio sobre el potencial de captación de aguas pluviales en los países en vías de desarrollo, teniendo como estudio de caso a Colombia. Además, este estudio muestra que algunos aspectos socio-económicos pueden influir en el potencial para captar agua de lluvia. El Capítulo 5 analiza los impactos ambientales potenciales en el contexto de los nuevos barrios en los países en desarrollo, tomando como estudio de caso a Colombia. Este capítulo presenta los modelos que se pueden aplicar en las evaluaciones ambientales rápidas en estos escenarios. Parte IV. PRINCIPALES FACTORES EN EL ANÁLISIS ECONÓMICO Y MEDIOAMBIENTAL La Parte IV se compone de dos capítulos. El Capítulo 6 analiza la viabilidad económica y financiera y el impacto ambiental de los sistemas de RWH tomando como estudio de caso a España. Se desarrollan los modelos para evaluar económica y ambientalmente estos sistemas. Además, se exponen los factores determinantes que afectan a estas evaluaciones. El Capítulo 7 se centra en analizar el efecto potencial de la calidad del agua de red en el análisis económico y ambiental de los sistemas de recogida de agua de lluvia. La dureza del agua es el parámetro analizado en un amplio intervalo de condiciones urbanas y sistemas diferentes. Parte V. CONCLUSIONES Y PRÓXIMOS PASOS La Parte IV se compone de un capítulo. El Capítulo 8 presenta las conclusiones generales de la tesis de conformidad con los objetivos fijados. También se incluye un marco de ideas para futuras investigaciones que puedan seguir desarrollándose en los sistemas de recogida de agua de lluvia.
This dissertation developed a model to evaluate technical, economic and environmental aspects of rainwater harvesting systems for domestic urban use. Different types of housing (semi-detached house and apartment house) and different systems (one single-house, apartment building and neighborhood) were analyzed. Then, scenarios of economic and environmental viability were found and specific sub-models were developed for use in the direct evaluation of a wide range of climatic conditions, prices and quality of mains water in different urban scales. The dissertation is prepared into five main parts and eight chapters. Part I. INTRODUCTION and METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK APPLIED Part I is divided into two chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the general work presenting a comprehensive framework of water resources and their importance in the cities. This chapter includes the supply and renewability of water resources in some countries of the world, and the urban water demands and trends of future urban growth. Also it is shown a relationship of domestic consumption of mains water and the relationship between water and energy. Finally, the motivations and the objectives that led to this dissertation are presented. Chapter 2 presents the general methodology that was developed, giving a special emphasis on system modelling, economic analysis and environmental assessment. In addition, this chapter includes the systems and case studies included in the research and validation carried on the main model developed. Part II. MODELLING RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS Part II includes the Chapter 3. This chapter presents in detail the development of a simulation model of RWH systems, and its benchmarking against other existing softwares. This software is called Plugrisost as an acronym for pluvials, grey and sustainability. In addition, the chapter describes the determinants factors that led to its creation and the new features included to facilitate the comprehensive assessment of rainwater harvesting. Part III. SOCIAL ASPECTS, POTENTIAL SUPPLY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF RAINWATER IN URBAN AREAS Part III is composed of two chapters. Chapter 4 presents a study of the potential of rainwater harvesting in countries in process of development taking as a case study in Colombia. Additionally, this study shows that some socioeconomic aspects may influence the potential to capture rainwater. Chapter 5 discusses the potential environmental impacts in the context of new neighborhoods in developing countries, taking as a case study in Colombia. This chapter presents models that can be applied in rapid environmental assessments in these scenarios. Part IV. MAIN FACTORS IN THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Part IV is composed of two chapters. Chapter 6 analyzes the economic and financial viability and environmental impact of RWH systems taking as a case study in Spain. Models to asses economically and environmentally these systems are developed. Also, the determinants that affect these assessments are exposed. Chapter 7 is focused on analyzing the potential effect of water network quality in the economic and environmental analysis of RWH systems. Hardness of the water is the parameter analyzed over a broad range of urban conditions and different systems. Part V. CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS Part IV is composed of one chapter. Chapter 8 presents the overall findings of the dissertation in accordance with the stated objectives. It is also included future researches that may continue to be developed in RWH systems.
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Rodriguez, Henry. "A Comparison of Rainwater Harvesting Tank Sizing Methods: Optimizing to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions versus Maximizing System Reliability." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo151577155419202.

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Tjus, Anna, and Annie Johansson. "A minor field study for combined rainwater andpond harvesting system and purification technology in the village Macedonia, Amazon basin, Colombia." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-2471.

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This study is a bachelor degree project which focuses on the lack of safe drinking water in a small village known as Macedonia in the Amazon basin in Colombia. The inhabitants of the village are 850 to the number and have never had access to safe drinking water. To solve this problem a system has been built where the rainwater is harvested in a pond and also from a church roof

During the dry season the rainwater in the pond is harvested and pumped into sedimentation tanks. Thereafter, the water is led into the sand filtration tanks. While during the rain season, the rainwater is harvested from a church roof which is situated at highest level in Macedonia. The water is stored in a cistern and then it is led into sand filtration tanks via pipes. This means that the pond water and rainwater are never mixed before entering the filtration tanks.

The sand filtration tanks contain about 1000 mm thick layer of sand and under it, a layer of gravel which is placed in the bottom of the tank. It takes a while for the water to be filtered through the sand filtration tank. Afterwards, it is led into the final tank, where the drinking water is stored ready to be used.

The method of using slow sand filtration (SSF) is suitable for small scale-projects and therefore for this project a good idea for making drinking water. SSF requires no mechanical power or replaceable parts, this is why the technique is good for purifying water in developing and isolated areas.

The result of the system is water with satisfied quality running through pipes and taps, ready to be consumed.

 

 

 

 

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7

Devkota, Jay P. "Life Cycle Assessment of Rainwater Harvesting Systems at Building and Neighborhood Scales and for Various Climatic Regions of the U.S." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1449871956.

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8

Söderqvist, Åsa. "Regnvatteninsamling för toalettspolning : Effektivitet, lämplig magasinstorlek och rekommenderade vattenreningsmetoder i Celsiushusets system." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-377027.

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Att samla in regnvatten för att använda till olika syften har under de senaste åren blivit allt vanligare i flera länder. Denna metod är fördelaktig ur flera miljömässiga och samhällsekonomiska aspekter då den bidrar till minskad dricksvattenförbrukning och förbättrad dagvattenhantering. I Sverige är tekniken relativt obeprövad men flera stora byggnader där det ska implementeras är nu under byggnation. En av dessa är Celsiushuset i Uppsala där regnvatten ska samlas in på taket för att användas till toalettspolning. I dagsläget finns bristfällig kunskap om sådana system inom sektorn för samhällsbyggnad. Syftet med examensarbetet var dels att undersöka effektiviteten (andelen av toalettspolningen som sker med regnvatten) hos Celsiushusets system och utifrån det föreslå en lämplig magasinstorlek, och dels att rekommendera vattenreningsmetoder för att inte mikrobiell tillväxt eller algtillväxt ska uppstå eller att regnvattnet ska bli missfärgat eller orsaka luktproblematik.  Effektiviteten undersöktes, tillsammans med relaterade parametrar såsom nederbörd, avrinning och insamlad nederbördsmängd, genom att utföra dagliga simuleringar för tre olika femårsperioder. Tidsperioderna motsvarade en nederbördsfattig period, en genomsnittsperiod och en nederbördsrik period mellan åren 1961-2017 och simuleringarna utgick från dygnsvärden för nederbörd och temperatur. Även förenklade kostnadsberäkningar utfördes för att undersöka kostnadens variation med varierande magasinstorlek. Reningsmetoderna rekommenderades utifrån en litteraturstudie samt beräkningar av takavrinningens föroreningsbelastning som utfördes med StormTac. För den planerade magasinstorleken på 50 m3 är systemets effektivitet störst under sommaren och hösten (60-100 % ett genomsnittsår) och lägst under årets första månader (30-40 % ett genomsnittsår). Den sammantagna effektiviteten för den planerade storleken är för den nederbördsfattiga perioden 40 %, för genomsnittsperioden 51 % och för den nederbördsrika perioden 56 %. En magasinstorlek på mellan 50 m3 och 75 m3 är lämplig för att uppnå relativt hög genomsnittlig effektivitet och årlig insamlad nederbördsmängd, utan att medföra alltför höga kostnader. Magasinet bör inte vara mindre än 50 m3 och en volym närmare 75 m3 vore fördelaktigt för den insamlade nederbördsmängden. Reningsmetoderna som rekommenderas för systemet är takbrunnar med kupolsil, avskiljning av det första flödet, sedimentering i sandfångsbrunnar och i magasinet samt ett snabbt sandfilter och UV-behandling.
In recent years, there has been an increased usage of rainwater harvesting globally. The technology reduces drinking water consumption and improves stormwater management. In Sweden, the implementation of rainwater harvesting is still at an early stage but several systems are now under construction. One of them is in Celsiushuset in Uppsala where rainwater will be used for toilet flushing. One aim of the project was to calculate the efficiency (the ratio between the volume of used rainwater and the water demand for toilet flushing) of the system. Based on the efficiency and economic calculations, an appropiate storage tank size was to be identified. An additional aim was to recommend water treatment methods that would prevent color or odour in water in the toilets and also prevent microbe and algae growth. The efficiency, along with other parameters, was examined with simulations for three periods between 1961-2017 with different precipitation amounts. Also, a simplified calculation of the systems' costs depending on tank size was carried out. The recommendation of treatment methods was made based on a literature review combined with a calculation of the roof runoff quality, which was performed in StormTac. For a tank size of 50 m3, the highest efficiency of the system is obtained during summer and autumn and varies between 60 % and 100 %. The mean efficiency for the different periods has a higher value with increased precipitation amount and the efficiency is 40 %, 51 % and 56 %, respectively. An appropiate size of the rainwater storage tank would be between 50 m3 and 75 m3. The recommended treatment methods include strainers on the roof, a first flush diverter, sedimentation, a rapid sand filter and UV treatment.
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9

Aguiar, Maura Andreia da Silva. "Sustentabilidade no uso de água para rega em estruturas desportivas: caso estudo - Estádio da Luz - Sport Lisboa e Benfica." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/4250.

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Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do conceito de aproveitamento de água pluvial para rega em estruturas desportivas, tendo como caso de estudo o Estádio da Luz – Sport Lisboa e Benfica. Consiste, na avaliação da possibilidade de utilização/benefício associado à utilização da água pluvial para a rega do relvado do caso de estudo, em função das características da estrutura, dos registos pluviométricos e da qualidade da água pluvial.
This work was performed under the concept of harnessing rainwater for watering sports structures, taking as case study the Benfica Stadium - Sport Lisboa e Benfica. It consists in the evaluation of possibility of use / benefits associated to the use of rainwater for irrigation the lawn in the case study, according to the characteristics of the structure, of rainfall records and quality of rainwater.
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Oskarsson, Lina. "Regnvatteninsamling : Vattenbesparingspotential i svenska förhållanden med fallstudie i Järlåsa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417853.

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Vattenbesparing och alternativa lösningar för att tillgodose vattenbehovet har blivit mer aktuellt de senaste åren med torka. Regnvatteninsamling för hushållsanvändning används redan på många platser runtom i världen men är begränsad i Sverige idag. Syftet är att dels undersöka en lämplig dimensionering av ett system för regnvatteninsamling för hushåll i Jälåsa och att identifiera olika drivkrafter och hinder. Metoden i denna studie har varit dels massbalans- och effektivitetsberäkningar för att se hur mycket regnvatten som kan samlas in och dels intervjuer med två teknikleverantörer och fem kommuner för att utvärdera den juridiska, sociala och ekonomiska potentialen. Resultatet visade att tankstorlek på mellan 1000 och 4000 liter är rimligt för hushållsanvändning till toalett eller toalett och tvättmaskin och ger en effektivitet (procent av vattenbehovet som täcks av regnvatten) på mellan 83,6 % och 96,0 %. Vilken storlek som är mest lämplig beror på faktorer såsom vad regnvattnet används till, takyta, antal personer i hushållet och om first-flushbortledning används. Beräkningar visar att ungefär 19-29 % av den totala dricksvattenförbrukningen skulle kunna sparas i Järlåsa, vilket motsvarar ungefär 4 400 till 6 700 kubikmeter dricksvatten per år. Resultatet visar även att torrperioder då tanken är tom blir kortare med en större tankstorlek och det finns tydliga skillnader i volym vatten i tanken mellan olika nederbördsrika år. Enligt kommuner ansågs potentialen för regnvatteninsamling vara störst för bevattning i dagsläget men att de även var positivt inställda till annan användning såsom toalettspolning och tvättmaskin. Identifierade hinder var oro kring kontamination av dricksvatten, brist på ekonomisk lönsamhet till följd av låga dricksvattenpriser i Sverige och behov av förtydligande av krav och vilka risker som finns med regnvatteninsamling. Idag är potentialen och motivationen som störst för de som har dålig tillgång på vatten och en ökad miljömässig medvetenhet skulle kunna öka implementeringen av regnvatteninsamling i Sverige. Slutsatsen är att det finns potential för regnvatteninsamling men att det fortfarande krävs viss utveckling och mer kunskap om regnvatteninsamling under svenska förhållanden.
Water saving and alternative solutions to supply drinking water have become more important due to several consecutive droughts in recent years in Sweden. Rainwater harvesting for households is already being used in many places around the world but still has limited application in Sweden. The purpose with this study is to investigate a suitable sizing of a rainwater harvesting system in Järlåsa and to identify drivers and obstacles for implementation. The methods used in this study were firstly calculations based on mass balance and efficiency estimates and secondly interviews with two technology providers and five municipalities. The results showed that a tank size between 1000 and 4000 liters would be suitable for the purpose of supplying water for flushing toilets and for washing machines and the efficiency (percentage of water demand being met by rainwater) would be between 83,6% and 96,0%. What size tank is recommended depends on factors such as what rainwater is used for, roof area, number of people in household and whether first-flush is diverted. Results show that around 19-29%, around 4 400 to 6 700 cubic meters per year, of the total potable water consumption could be saved in Järlåsa every year using rainwater harvesting. The results also show that the dry periods, when the tank was empty, become shorter with a larger tank size and that there are distinct differences in the volume rainwater in the tank between years with varying precipitation. According to municipalities the potential was highest for irrigation purposes today but there was also potential for use in household for flushing toilets and supplying washing machines. The identified obstacles were concern regarding contamination of the drinking water supply, lack of economic profitability as a consequence of low water prices and the need for clarification of requirements and risks with rainwater harvesting. Today the potential and motivation is highest for those with an insufficient water supply and an increase in the environmental awareness could possibly enhance implementation further. The conclusion is that there is potential for rainwater harvesting but that there still is a need for some development and more knowledge regarding rainwater harvesting under Swedish conditions.
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Books on the topic "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system"

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Brown, Daniel M. Modern Potable Rainwater Harvesting: System Design, Construction, and Maintenance. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.

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Eng, Rob Avis P., and Michelle Avis P. Eng. Essential Rainwater Harvesting: A Guide to Home-Scale System Design. New Society Publishers, 2018.

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Avis, Rob, and Michelle Avis. Essential Rainwater Harvesting: A Guide to Home-Scale System Design. New Society Publishers, Limited, 2018.

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Avis, Rob, and Michelle Avis. Essential Rainwater Harvesting: A Guide to Home-Scale System Design. New Society Publishers, Limited, 2018.

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Brown, Daniel M. Modern Potable Rainwater Harvesting, 2nd Edition: System Design, Construction, and Maintenance. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system"

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Islam, Sirajul, and Bipul Talukdar. "Water Supply System Planning by Artificial Groundwater Recharge from Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting." In Urban Hydrology, Watershed Management and Socio-Economic Aspects, 145–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40195-9_12.

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Mishra, Shilpa, and A. R. Tembhurkar. "Application of Foam and Sand as Dual Media Filter for Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System." In Water Resources and Environmental Engineering I, 89–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2044-6_9.

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Lalwani, Anil. "Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting." In Rainwater Harvesting, 19–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05710-6_3.

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Akter, Aysha. "Rainwater Harvesting System." In Springer Water, 65–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94643-2_3.

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Haq, Syed Azizul. "Rainwater Supply System." In Harvesting Rainwater from Buildings, 135–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46362-9_8.

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Nnaji, Chidozie Charles. "Sustainable Water Supply in Buildings Through Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting." In The Construction Industry in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 390–400. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26528-1_39.

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Zhu, Qiang. "Dimensioning the Rainwater Harvesting System." In Rainwater Harvesting for Agriculture and Water Supply, 43–98. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-964-6_2.

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Akter, Aysha. "Economics of Rainwater Harvesting System." In Springer Water, 215–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94643-2_7.

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Mtanda, Msafiri Mussa, Sakshi Gupta, and Deepak Khare. "Rainwater Harvesting System Planning for Tanzania." In Water Management and Water Governance, 413–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58051-3_27.

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Sharma, Rajeev, Keshab Ch Gogoi, and Saikat Chatterjee. "Automatic Irrigation System with Rainwater Harvesting." In Advances in Communication, Devices and Networking, 467–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2911-2_48.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system"

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Sharieh, Ahmad S., and Ola M. Surakhi. "Rooftop rainwater harvesting system in Amman city." In 2017 2nd International Conference on the Applications of Information Technology in Developing Renewable Energy Processes & Systems (IT-DREPS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/it-dreps.2017.8277799.

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ALAMEDDINE, IBRAHIM, AMANI MAJZOUB, MAJDI ABOU NAJM, and MUTASEM EL-FADEL. "ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING: ALLEVIATING WATER SHORTAGES AT THE HOUSEHOLD LEVEL." In WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wrm190031.

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Kumar Reddy, C. Kishor, P. R. Anisha, Rajashekar Shastry, B. V. Ramana Murthy, and Vuppu Padmakar. "Automated Rainwater Harvesting System." In 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icces45898.2019.9002275.

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Araújo Lemos, Diego, Márcio Araújo, and Arthur Pordeus. "Rainwater harvesting automatic system." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-1530.

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Shahriar Haque, Md Sabit, Wazed Al Islam, Tasmia Raunak Ferdousi, Shaira Senjuti Oyshee, and Tanvir Mahabub Tamim. "An Approach of Implementing IoT Based Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting & Monitoring." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Automation, Artificial-Intelligence and Internet-of-Things (RAAICON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/raaicon54709.2021.9929467.

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Bruhn, R. Caleb, Michael J. Stablein, and Luis F. Rodriguez. "Rainwater Harvesting System for Water Supply." In 2022 Houston, Texas July 17-20, 2022. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202200678.

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Rasyid, Sultan, Muhammad Ardi, Mithen Lullulangi, and Nurlita Pertiwi. "Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting (RRWH) for Schools: Scenario Water Resources Development in Yunior High School." In 1st World Conference on Social and Humanities Research (W-SHARE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220402.028.

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Jessica J Lay, Jason R Vogel, Jason B Belden, and Glenn O Brown. "Quantifying the First Flush in Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Through Continuous Monitoring and Analysis of Stormwater Runoff." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.38127.

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Pujari, P. R., C. Padmakar, R. Quamar, L. Deshpande, R. Janipella, P. Balwant, V. Jyothi, et al. "In-situ treatment of fluoride in a hard rock setting by rooftop rainwater harvesting recharge scehme." In 1st Indian Near Surface Geophysics Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201979015.

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"ECOFLUSH - WASTEWATER RECYCLING AND RAINWATER HARVESTING TOILET FLUSH SYSTEM." In International Conference on Advancements and Recent Innovations in Mechanical, Production and Industrial Engineering. ELK Asia Pacific Journals, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.16962/elkapj/si.arimpie-2015.18.

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