Relevant bibliographies by topics / Romania History 20th century

Academic literature on the topic 'Romania History 20th century'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

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Sandu-Dediu, Valentina. "Towards Modern Music in Romania." East Central Europe 30, no. 2 (2003): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633003x00117.

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AbstractToo little known in the West, modern Romanian scores are being gradually discovered nowadays, beginning with those of George Enescu. For decades underestimated as a creator, Enescu has been re-evaluated and recently recognized as an original and authentic representative of an Eastern European music school, comparable with JanáČek or Szymanowski. The Romanian music of the past fifty years, due to the political and ideological situation of Romania, similar to other countries of the ex-communist Eastern European bloc, has been isolated geographically but not aesthetically. The great diversity of modern or avant-garde trends in Western European and North American music is also present in the output of Romanian composers of the same period, combined in various degrees with autochthonous nuances. Originating primarily in the two major oral traditions, namely peasant folk music and religious Byzantine music, these have compelled Romanian composers to find their own musical language. However, Romanian composers coming of age in the second half of the 20th century took their first steps on a well-established territory, from the standpoint of composition, style, and aesthetics. A solid school of music - built on structural foundations that gave it a distinct language - had already been established in Romania in the first half of the 20th century. Therefore, the following essay is a chronological outline of the historical development of Romanian composition, a process governed primarily by the tension between national elements and global trends.
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Oancea, Claudiu. "Mirroring Post-1989 Historiography in Romania: Revista de Istorie Socială (The Review of Social History)." East Central Europe 34-35, no. 1-2 (2008): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763308-0340350102022.

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Social history is a relatively new field in Romanian historiography. In this context, Revista de Istorie Socială has attempted, since 1996, to contribute to the development of this field of studies and to bridge the gap between various historical schools and generations, opening new fields of research and reinterpreting old ones. This review essay provides an overview of the Review’s editorial policy, its publications, structure and content, in order to evaluate its impact on the development of social history in post-communist Romania. It is argued that the Review exhibits various historiographical influences, ranging from 19th century historicism to 20th century national schools of social history, most importantly the French Annales.
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Tsybanyuk, O., S. Dariichuk, and A. Petrov. "Development of the public movement of physical culture and sports orientation in the Romanian lands: "Tourist Society of Romania" (beginning of the 20th century)"." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 11(157) (December 1, 2022): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.11(157).35.

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In the article by "Development of the public movement of physical culture and sports orientation in the Romanian lands: "Tourist Society of Romania" (beginning of the 20th century)" the peculiarities of the formation of the public movement of physical culture and sports orientation in the Romanian lands of the beginning of 20th century The role of the "Tourist Society of Romania" in popularizing and spreading hiking tourism among all segments of the population is highlighted. The society's achievements in attracting school youth to systematic physical education, tourism, local history, etc. have been identified. The authors of the article proved that the slogan of the club "Through tourism to knowledge and love for Romania" synthesized the ideas of the predecessors regarding the educational and educational potential of tourism. The article analyzes the features of the tourist work of that time, one of the most striking ones is the formation of the theory and methodology of tourist activity: the appearance of recommendations for the organization of trips of various levels, for example, the identification of the principles "from a simple to a complex route", "from a short to a long-term movement", as well as an understanding of importance careful preparation - planning, using the results of "working on mistakes" made after the previous event. The activities of the thematic magazines published in the Romanian lands during the research period are analyzed, the main topics and issues relevant for that time are highlighted. According to the authors, the "Tourist Society of Romania" published 13 issues of its yearbook - "Anuarul S.T.R.", which, according to modern researchers, was a valuable guide for those who wanted to participate in mountain trips, as well as a source for researching the activities of this society now. After all, the final part of each edition presented a list of members of the headquarters and sections, quantitative changes in members, as well as the names and titles of organizations or enterprises that provided assistance to the society. It was concluded that historically formed traditions and favorable geographical conditions on the one hand, and traditional to begin with 20th century a developed social movement and a clear understanding of the educational and educational potential of tourism, in particular for school youth, on the other hand, caused the development of its methodological basis and practical implementation on the territory of Romania.
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Gradu, Diana. "Romanian Francophony, the Beautiful Stranger." Intertext, no. 1/2 (57/58) (October 2021): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.54481/intertext.2021.1.22.

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French in Romanian space meant much more than mastering a linguistic instrument, being the expression of adherence to a whole series of values, ideas and ideals specific to modern European nations. Romanian intellectuals and political elites chose French as an idiom for the expression of freedom, modernity and the belonging of Romanian space to the Europe of free nations. The francophone dimension of Romania developed especially during the first half of the 20th century. It was at this time that Bucharest became little Paris”. Many Romanian writers then chose to create the most significant part of their work in French. Illustrious names, including those of Constantin Brancusi, Eugène Ionesco, Mircea Eliade, Georges Enesco, Emil Cioran, have since become part of the Francophone cultural heritage. The French-speaking component of Romanian history, built over two centuries of history, has been able to resist even under the conditions of great precariousness imposed under totalitarianism, after the Second World War. Immediately after the return of democracy, Romania joined, as a full member, the institutional Francophonie (1993), returning to the Francophone family to which it was attached in an extremely rich past.
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Gruia, Ana-Maria. "“Engel Pharmacy “La Coróna”, near the gate of the royal court, Jassy”." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia 66, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhist.2021.2.03.

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"The paper reconstructs the history of the 19th-20th-century Engel pharmacy in Iaşi starting from a lot of items preserved in the History of Pharmacy Collection in Cluj-Napoca. The lot includes numerous drug jars, measuring cups, apothecary working tools, financial documents, prescriptions, correspondence, and various other documents, some of which were recently identified during the renovation of the pharmacy museum in Cluj. The analysis allows one to see the transformation of pharmaceutical practice in Moldavia and Romania between the end of the 19th century and the Second World War and to reconstruct the history of a successful family business. Keywords: history of pharmacy, Iaşi, museum studies, Engel family "
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Dumitran, Daniel, and Tudor Borșan. "Reconstitution of an Absence: The Jewish Community of Alba Iulia in the Context of Urban Development." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Historica 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 201–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2021.25.1.10.

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The study addresses the issue of reconstituting the heritage of the Jewish community in Alba Iulia (Romania), starting from several documentary and topographical sources from the first part of the 20th century. The choice of this case study is justified by the importance of the city for the history of Jews in Romania, as the only city in Transylvania (historical province integrated into Romania in 1918) where Jews received the right to settle as early as the 17th century. The main documentary source used is a list of Jewish properties in Alba Iulia declared confiscated in 1941, in the context of the anti-Semitic policy promoted by the regime of Marshal Ion Antonescu (Leader of the Romanian state during 1940-1944). Correlating it with the cadastral plan of the city drafted in 1914 and applying the georeferencing method reconstitutes the position of the still existing buildings and those that disappeared as a result of the systematization policy during the communist regime, in the central area of the city. A more complex approach is also proposed, based on the use of the GIS methodology, whereby the topographic information can be associated with the documentary and epigraphic sources referring to the Jewish cemetery in the city. The issue of the relevance of the Jewish heritage for the current urban strategy is also discussed, starting from the city’s development documents in force.
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Dumitran, Daniel, and Tudor Borșan. "Reconstitution of an Absence: The Jewish Community of Alba Iulia in the Context of Urban Development." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Historica 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 201–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2021.25.1.10.

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The study addresses the issue of reconstituting the heritage of the Jewish community in Alba Iulia (Romania), starting from several documentary and topographical sources from the first part of the 20th century. The choice of this case study is justified by the importance of the city for the history of Jews in Romania, as the only city in Transylvania (historical province integrated into Romania in 1918) where Jews received the right to settle as early as the 17th century. The main documentary source used is a list of Jewish properties in Alba Iulia declared confiscated in 1941, in the context of the anti-Semitic policy promoted by the regime of Marshal Ion Antonescu (Leader of the Romanian state during 1940-1944). Correlating it with the cadastral plan of the city drafted in 1914 and applying the georeferencing method reconstitutes the position of the still existing buildings and those that disappeared as a result of the systematization policy during the communist regime, in the central area of the city. A more complex approach is also proposed, based on the use of the GIS methodology, whereby the topographic information can be associated with the documentary and epigraphic sources referring to the Jewish cemetery in the city. The issue of the relevance of the Jewish heritage for the current urban strategy is also discussed, starting from the city’s development documents in force.
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Tompa, Andrea. "What Can Be Said: The Jenő Janovics Archive in Cluj." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Dramatica 66, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbdrama.2021.2.05.

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"This paper focuses on the documents kept in archive of Jenő Janovics, an artistic director in Hungary and Romania for 30 years. The rich archival materials, kept in Cluj, of this important public figure reflect the turbulent times of history of Hungarian Theater in Cluj in the first half of the 20th century. The study presents a possible approach to this material, also introducing Janovics’s diary’s hermeneutical problems. Keywords: Jenő Janovics, Hungarian Theater Cluj, diary, Hungarian theater history, Jewish "
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ILOVAN, Oana-Ramona. "MAKING SPACE AND NATION MEANINGFUL THROUGH BORDERS AND THEIR REPRESENTATIONS IN ROMANIAN GEOGRAPHY TEXTBOOKS, DURING THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Territorial Identity and Development 5, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 79–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.23740/tid220205.

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Lately, in Romania and abroad, research about the hidden agendas of educational discourses circulated by school textbooks has become richer. This research focuses on the process of bordering that took place in 1918 and the creation of Greater Romania and on the new borders and their representations in Geography school textbooks before and after that year. These representations are considered in the form of both text and images. First, I describe these representations and, secondly, I uncover and explain their intentions in the respective historical and geographical contexts. As History and Geography have been always viewed among the most influential subject matters in school, I employed visual methodology and discourse analysis to study Geography of Romania school textbooks – officially accepted products. The research material is made of Geography school textbooks. From a temporal perspective, my research material includes textbooks that were circulated starting with 1902 and in the 1930s. In addition, I assessed the degree to which Geography education was politicized. Results showed that, in the first half of the 20th century, the wished-for or newly-established and contested borders of Romania generated a lengthy and argumentative discourse about state borders and about the history and geography of the territories inhabited by Romanians. Ethnocultural identity concepts and conceptions of national identity were provided for the young and not only. Geography of Romania school textbooks were not apolitical, but reinforced a socio-spatial consciousness, based on the natural and anthropic features of the borders and on how they were represented, revealing the social practice of the educational discourse about border areas.
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Colăcel, Onoriu. "Suceava On Camera: The County Council And Local Self-Identification In 21st Century Romania." Messages, Sages and Ages 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msas-2015-0008.

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Abstract In post-communist Romania, regional self-identification has undergone significant change. Particularly, a paradigm shift occurred in relation to 20th century Romanian historiography (I have in mind the national communist as well as inter-war historic narratives). The literature and the promotional films of Suceava County Council (i.e., the local government branch) are a case in point. They are designed to advertise tourism products in travel marts and various media outlets. Next to the story of a multi-faith/ethnic community, particular images and symbols are employed in order to craft the public identity of the county. A regional iconography gradually emerges on screen as more video content about Suceava is being produced. Capturing the essence of Romanian Bucovina on camera is a challenge steeped both in the history of the Habsburg Duchy and in that of the Moldavian principality (whose northernmost part was incorporated into the Habsburg Empire in 1775). Next comes the attempt to ‘touristify’ natural sites of environmental interest. History and nature are narrative tropes that amount to a coherent story delivered to natives and visitors alike. Despite the industrial scarring of the landscape well known to the natives, areas of woodland and countryside are on display. City life is largely ignored for the sake of a multicultural history of Bukovina mainly located in a rural setting. Screening Suceava has everything to do with identity-building. The rhetoric of regional self-designation seems to rank high on the local political agenda. The cosmopolitan Austro-Hungarian Bukovinian identity is obviously at odds with the ethno-national legacy celebrated in the so-called ‘Northern monasteries’ of Moldavia or in the Suceava fortress of Stephen the Great (who was built into an icon of Romanian historiography). The recreational opportunities of Suceava County are marketed to tourist boards, hotel chains, etc. as the retention of a Mitteleuropean distinctiveness. Explicitly, it is ‘something’ that has stayed with the indigenous population ever since the Austrian state set out to instruct the natives in the arts of life. There is a video side effect to the story. The mountainous countryside of Suceava is sold to the public as being peopled by men and women in national dress, a community dramatically different from all other surrounding areas of 21st century Romania.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

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Davis, Robert Chris. "Certifiably Romanian : national belonging and contested identity of the Moldavian Csangos 1923-85." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669924.

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Kinder, John Oliver. "Power in stalinist states: the personality cult of Nicolae Ceausescu." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91168.

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This study examines the Socialist Republic of Romania as a Stalinist state which employs a personality cult. The leader of a state is the focus of a personality cult, but he does not enjoy the status it gives without consent from elsewhere within the government. In order to determine where this power comes from, three possible sources are discussed. These are: Nicolae Ceausescu, president of Romania; the state bureaucracy; and the people. The Soviet Union, during the time of Stalin, is used as a comparative element. When Nicolae Ceausescu came to power he did so with the consent of the elite. As the Romanian elite are less inclined to support his policies, Ceausescu has had to continually take steps to stay ahead of the opposition. The Romanian people also lent their support to Ceausescu earlier, and have since become discontented with the regime. This study concludes that a leader with a personality cult must have some form of consent to come into power, but his personal characteristics will determine how he leads and whether or not he will be able to remain in power if that consent is withdrawn.
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Stokes, Thomas Hubert Jr. "Audience, intention, and rhetoric in Pascal and Simone Weil." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185120.

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This dissertation examines audience, intention, and rhetoric in the writings of Blaise Pascal and Simone Weil. Despite the differences in historical period, ethnic heritage, sex, and milieux, which separate them, these two writers are astonishingly similar with regard to those for whom they wrote--audience--the subject matter of their writings--intention--and their skilled and self-conscious use of language in addressing their audiences and themes--rhetoric. Each of them wrote scientific or philosophical works, and polemical works, intended for a certain public; each of them then wrote, in the final years of their short lives, long notebook or journal entries, a record of spiritual experience which has since been edifying to others besides themselves. The guiding principle here is the function of language. This means how it works (rhetoric), but also, for what purpose (intention) and for whom (audience). We find many metaphors of function in Pascal and Simone Weil. The motivating concern of this dissertation is how Pascal and Simone Weil articulate, through language, God's response to man's yearnings toward God.
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Nagae, Neide Hissae. "De Katai a Dazai: apontamentos para uma morfologia do romance do eu." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8151/tde-14052007-151503/.

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O presente trabalho constitui um estudo sobre um conjunto de obras pertencentes ao gênero japonês de cunho autobiográfico denominado Romance do Eu, com o intuito de traçar características comuns a essas obras que sirvam como apontamentos para uma morfologia desse gênero surgido no início do século XX. Num primeiro momento, situamos o Romance do Eu no contexto histórico-literário do Japão e apresentamos as discussões de estudiosos japoneses na fase inicial de desenvolvimento dessa forma literária, além da visão de dois estudiosos estrangeiros sobre o gênero. Nesse percurso, traçamos ligações entre as obras estudadas com a repressão ideológica e o exercício da liberdade de expressão na postura acuada e resignada dos protagonistas, encontradas num conjunto de obras analisadas num segundo momento, que vão desde 1906, com a obra Futon (Acolchoado), de Tayama Katai, até o final da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Tais obras revelaram uma sensível e rica diversidade quando analisadas pelos elementos da narrativa que estruturam o texto, mas não foi possível encontrar textualmente aspectos que identificassem o protagonista da obra com seu autor. Na realidade, elas se mostraram uma forma velada de contestação ao sistema autoritário do Japão ao centrarem seu conteúdo em fatos da vida pessoal do autor e parodiarem os romances europeus introduzidos na época. Esse dialogismo do Romance do Eu desenvolve-se também no nível textual da obra de Dazai Osamu, intitulada Pôr-do-Sol, escrita em 1947, logo após a rendição do Japão e ainda sob a ocupação das tropas norte-americanas, incumbidas de iniciar a democratização do país. O estudo desenvolvido nesse terceiro momento mostra que o autor utiliza, ainda, outras formas literárias que privilegiaram a ficção na literatura japonesa, elabora personagens que são desdobramentos de si mesmo e que dialogam entre si e faz uso de diferentes formas narrativas, que se mesclam à intertextualidade de obras japonesas e ocidentais, criando, assim, uma obra que dispensa o rótulo de Romance do Eu e assegura a sobrevivência dessa forma narrativa na prosa moderna do Japão.
ABSTRACT From Katai to Dazai: Notes for Morphology of the Novel of the Self consists of a study on a set of literary works belonging to the autobiographical character Japanese genre denominated Novel of the Self, aiming at outlining common characteristics to these works that serve as notes for a morphology of this genre started in the beginning of the XX century. In a first instance the Novel of the Self is placed in the Japanese historical-literary context and the discussions of Japanese scholars in the initial development phase of this literary form are presented, as well as the vision of two foreign scholars about the genre. In this trajectory are outlined connections of the works studied with the ideological repression and the exercise of the freedom of expression in the cornered and acquiescent posture of protagonists, being these connections found in a set of works analyzed in a second instance, comprehending 1906 with the work of Futon (Quilt) by Tayama Katai, up to the end of the Second World War. Such works have revealed an insightful and rich diversity when analyzed by the elements of the narrative which structure the text, but aspects that could identify the work?s protagonist with its author have not been possible to find textually. As a matter of fact, they have revealed a veiled way of contest to the Japan?s authoritative way as they have focused their content on facts of the author?s personal life and parodied the European novels introduced at that time. This dialogism in the Novel of the Self is also developed on the textual level of the work of Dazai Osamu entitled Sunset, written in 1947, right after the surrender of Japan while under the occupation of the American troops charged with the task of beginning the country?s democratization. The study developed in this third instance reveals that the author uses, in addition, other literary forms that benefit the fiction in the Japanese literature, makes up characters that are developments of himself and that also talk among themselves, and makes use of different forms of narratives that merge to the intertextuality of Japanese and Western works, creating, as a result, a work that excuses the label of Novel of the Self and, assures the endurance of this narrative form in the Japans modern prose.
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Aulls, Katharina. "Mutter-Tochter Beziehungen in deutschsprachigen Romanen im Jahrzehnt nach dem "Jahr der Frau"." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74348.

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This dissertation examines mother-daughter relationships in six novels written by German speaking women authors in the decade after the "Year of the Woman." Three novels depict positive mother-daughter relations: Ausflug mit der Mutter (1976), by Gabriele Wohmann, Gestern war Heute (1979), by Ingeborg Drewitz, Die dreizehnte Fee (1983), by Katja Behrens. Three others portray a negative mother-daughter relationship: Die Eisheiligen (1979), by Helga Novak, Die Zuchtigung (1985), by Waltraud Anna Mitgutsch, and Die Klavierspielerin (1983), by Elfriede Jelinek. Common to all novels is a strong autobiographical tendency and the central importance of the mother in the development of the daughter's self-identity.
The complexity and problems of mother-daughter relationships are analyzed as an outcome of female socialization within a patriarchal society. Chapter I deals with historical, economic and psychological oppression of women. The resulting internalization of the role of inferiority and dependency leads to the subsequent repression of their own daughters. Chapter II discusses new contributions in the fields of psychology and sociology to the understanding of female identity formation through relationships. Chapter III provides a two-pronged analysis of each novel by describing the individual mother-daughter relationship in comparison with the outcomes of Chapters I and II, and by addressing the narrator's process of putting the experience into a unique literary form and thus contributing to women's literature.
Themes that are unique in each novel are: the emotional stress of the adult daughter trying to redefine her relationship with her widowed mother (Ausflug mit der Mutter), the dichotomy of woman in her nurturing role as mother and in her quest for self-realization (Gestern war Heute), the difficulty of breaking the repetitive cycle of the female role of dependency (Die dreizehnte Fee). All of the following novels assess the damaged self-identity of the daughter caused by a destructive mother. While the daughters survive due to fierce resistance (Die Eisheiligen) or escape into the world of art (Die Zuchtigung) there is no hope for the daughter in Die Klavierspielerin due to her identification with the oppressor.
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Pricop, Lucian. "L'identité de la littérature roumaine: écrivains, éditeurs et lecteurs à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209502.

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Notre recherche a examiné un phénomène communicationnel susceptible d’éclairer le processus de la modernisation de la société roumaine au tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles :il s’agit de la transformation de l’édition d’une société manufacturière dans « une proto-industrie culturelle » et de la création d’une sphère publique dans ce monde en constante redéfinition. Le rapport entre la croissance des biens culturels produits par les éditeurs et celle de l’intérêt des individus pour la lecture est le centre de notre recherche. Autrement dit, nous avons évalué la fonction sociale de la littérature roumaine et le rôle des livres sur le marché des produits culturels et informationnels. L’intervalle relativement long, de 1880 à 1914, nous a permis de confronter les données spécifiques à la production de littérature d’une manière diachronique, en analysant les stratégies économiques et politiques des acteurs et aussi les conflits résultant des rapports de pouvoir entre ceux-ci. L’analyse des conditions de ces mutations a déterminé les rôles sociaux des instances, les dialogues, les confrontations entre les acteurs et les publics. Nous avons identifié une crise de la littérature roumaine originelle qui a mobilisé une sorte d’internationalisation de la production littéraire. La concurrence des biens, des marchandises culturelles « importées » de l’Occident sous la forme des traductions ou des reformulations est l’un des « potentiateurs » de la création littéraire autochtone.

Les lectures croisées de documents (plans éditoriaux, correspondance, presse, journaux intimes et professionnels, etc.) et de sources secondaires (histoires littéraires, travaux de critique, manuels, etc.) nous ont permis de suivre l’évolution des intentions, des objectifs, des réalités et des conséquences sur ce qu’on considère l’histoire officielle de la littérature. Les différences entre les étapes démontrent, d’une manière assez exacte, les degrés de pouvoir des forces impliquées dans la production du canon littéraire ;elles illustrent aussi l’emprise croissante de l’idéologie sur le champ culturel à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle. L’analyse diachronique des parutions éditoriales à travers les 34 années étudiées reflète les changements des politiques culturelles de l’Etat. L’analyse appliquée à la politique éducationnelle de la discipline littérature roumaine nous a permis d’envisager une modification de la stratégie de l’Etat dans ce domaine et de questionner ses effets sur la création du patrimoine national.

Le littéraire, acteur central de notre recherche, nous a donné la possibilité d’instrumentaliser plusieurs notions appartenant à l’histoire du livre et de l’édition. De cette manière, les tensions présentes à l’intérieur de l’analyse historique de la littérature ont été transformées en sujet de réflexion, voire de rétablissement de certaines positions de domination. Le concept d’identité bibliographique est convoqué pour réaliser une lecture diachronique d’une époque. Nous avons identifié et analysé toute une série de problématiques passionnantes, telles les relations entre les instances impliquées dans la production, la circulation et la réception des livres littéraires durant la période 1880-1914.

The PhD thesis entitled The Romanian Literary Identity. Writers, Publishers and Readers in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries examines a communication phenomenon, constituting a scientific enterprise that aims to clarify some aspects relating to the modernization of Romanian society during the Belle Époque: we have in mind the transformation of the “publishing house” from a business dealing with handmade items into a “proto-industrial culture” and the creation of a public sphere in a world constantly seeking to define itself. The relationship between the increasing number of cultural goods produced by publishers and the growing interest in reading among the people represents a main focus of this research. In other words, we tried to assess the social function of Romanian literature and the role of books on the market for cultural and informational products. By choosing a fairly long period of time (1880-1914), we were able to confront the data pertaining to literary production in a diachronic manner, analyzing the economic and political strategies of the “actors”, as well as the conflicts arising from the power relations between those actors. The analysis of the circumstances surrounding the transformations undergone by the Romanian cultural area enabled us to determine more clearly the social roles of the participants, the interactions and confrontations between actors and audiences. We could identify a crisis of the original Romanian literature, a crisis that fostered the “internationalization” of the literary production. The competition between cultural goods “imported” from the West in the form of translations or adaptations was one of the factors enhancing local literary production.

The cross-reading of documents (editorial plans, correspondence, press, personal and professional diaries etc.) allowed us to evaluate the evolution of the intentions, goals, realities and consequences of the official history of Romanian literature (which has its origins in this period). The differences between these stages revealed the power statuses of the forces involved in producing the literary canon; they also showed the growing influence of ideology on the cultural field since the end of the nineteenth century. The diachronic analysis of the titles published in the 34 years under scrutiny reflects the changes ocurring in the cultural policies of the state. The educational strategies concerning Romanian literature as a field of study revealed the state’s attitude change towards this area, which enabled us to assess the effects on the development of the “national literary heritage”.

The literary field, the central actor of our research, opened the possibility to operationalize several concepts pertaining to the history of book publishing. Thus, the tensions existing within the historical analysis of literature were transformed into a subject of reflection, even re-establishing some positions of dominance. The notion of bibliographical identity was employed in order to do a diachronic reading of the era.

The research conducted for this dissertation gave us the opportunity to identify and analyze a range of exciting issues, such as the relationship between the participants involved in the production, dissemination and reception of literary works between 1880 and 1914.


Doctorat en Langues et lettres
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Horvãth, Réka. "La représentation politique de la minorité hongroise de Roumanie: l'Alliance Démocrate Hongroise de Roumanie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210767.

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Dans ma thèse j’analyse l’Alliance Démocrate Hongroise de Roumanie (RMDSZ, UDMR, DAHR), l’organisation qui a représenté la minorité hongroise de Roumanie dans le Parlement de la Roumanie entre 1990-2004. La troisième partie de la thèse qui contient l’analyse de l’Alliance Démocrate Hongroise de Roumanie se structure autour des sujets suivants :l’émergence de l’UDMR ;les résultats électoraux de l’UDMR; les relations qui se sont établies entre l’UDMR et les partis politiques roumaines, les partis politiques de Hongrie, les organisations internationales; les changements des programmes de l’UDMR; l’autonomie; la structure de l’UDMR; les initiatives législatives de l’UDMR; la vie interne de l’UDMR.

La thèse contient aussi une mis en perspective historique, le recensement et la brève analyse des organisations et des partis qui entre 1920-1989 ont voulu représenter la minorité hongroise de Roumanie. La thèse inclut également un chapitre qui analyse les revendications liées à l’enseignement en langue hongroise des partis/des organisations hongroise entre 1920-2004.

The thesis analyses UDMR (RMDSZ/DAHR), the organization that represented the Hungarian minority in the Romanian Parliament between 1990-2004. The third part consists of the analysis of the DAHR and it has as guidelines the following themes: the establishing of DAHR; the electoral results of DAHR; the relationship between DAHR and the Romanian political parties; the relationship between DAHR and the political parties from Hungary; DAHR and the international organizations; the changes of the DAHR’s program; autonomy; the structure of DAHR; the legislative drafts of DAHR; the internal life of DAHR.

The thesis speaks also about the organizations/parties that have been representing the Hungarians in the political life of Romania between 1920-1989. In the same time, the last chapter analyses the demands of the Hungarian organizations/parties regarding the education in the Hungarian language at all levels, demands from the period of 1920-2004.


Doctorat en sciences politiques
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Armstrong, Jeanne Marie. "Uncivilized women and erotic strategies of border zones or demythologizing the romance of conquest." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187509.

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The contact of two different cultures in the colonization process produces a zone of cultural mingling that resembles Victor Turner's concept of "liminality" referring to states or persons that elude classification. This study considers the repercussions of colonization on the lives of women characters in novels about four different "post-colonial" contexts--Native American, Jamaican, Irish and Mexican American. These novels reflect both the unique historical circumstances of each context and common themes that occur due to colonization and transcend the specific cultures such as the mourning of personal and collective loss, liminal states of consciousness and mingling of cultures. The introductory chapter examines the particular historical contexts of each novel and the theories of Abdul JanMohamed and Frantz Fanon on colonization. This study also applies the work of Victor Turner, Mary Douglas, Julia Kristeva, Gloria Anzaldua, Homi Bhaba and others to an examination of the subversive cultural formations that evolve through the boundary dissolution of colonization. Chapter two considers Louise Erdrich's novel Tracks in which the decimation of the Anishinabe people is the context for the three primary characters who have experienced personal and collective loss and respond by resisting or adapting to colonization. Chapter three examines Erna Brodber's Myal and the impact of the manichean colonial ideology on a Jamaican woman who is literally half-black and half-white. Chapter four addresses Julia O'Faolain's No Country for Young Men, a novel about two women, one who lived through the early twentieth century movement for Irish independence and the other who is her great niece, that have both been silenced and sexually controlled by colonialism and Irish Catholicism. The fifth and final chapter examines Lucha Corpi's Delia's Song about a young Chicana activist who has suffered losses on several levels and recovers by writing an autobiographical novel that weaves the personal and political issues of her life. All four novels are concerned with the liminal states of consciousness in these women characters and their efforts to both find love and tell their stories, thus counteracting the colonizer's version of history.
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Bartos, Emil. "The concept of deification in Eastern Orthodox theology with detailed reference to Dumitru Staniloae." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683144.

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Young, Erin S. "Corporate heroines and utopian individualism: A study of the romance novel in global capitalism." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11460.

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x, 195 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
This dissertation explores two subgenres of popular romance fiction that emerge in the 1990s: "corporate" and "paranormal" romance. While the formulaic conventions of popular romance have typically centralized the gendered tension between hero and heroine, this project reveals that "corporate" and "paranormal" romances negotiate a new primary conflict, the tension between work and home in the era of global capitalism. Transformations in political economy also occur at the level of personal and emotional life, which constitute the central problem that contemporary romances attempt to resolve. Drawing from sociological studies of globalization and intimacy, feminist criticism, and queer theory, I argue that these subgenres mark the transition from what David Harvey calls Fordist capitalism to flexible or global capitalism as the primary social condition negotiated in the popular romance. My analysis demonstrates that corporate and paranormal romance novels reflect changing ideals about intimacy in a globalized world that is increasingly influenced, socially and culturally, by the values and philosophies that dominate the marketplace. Each of these subgenres offers a distinct formal resolution to the cultural and social effects of a flexible capitalist economy. The "corporate" romances of Jayne Ann Krentz, Nora Roberts, Elizabeth Lowell, and Katherine Stone feature heroines who constantly navigate the dual and intersecting arenas of work and home in an effort to locate a balance that leads to success and happiness in both realms. In contrast, the "paranormal" romances of Laurell K. Hamilton, Charlaine Harris, Kelley Armstrong, and Carrie Vaughn dissolve the tension between home and work, or the private and the public, by affirming the heroine's open and endless pursuit of pleasure, adventure, and self-fulfillment. Such new forms of romantic fantasy at once reveal the tension in globalization and the domination of corporate and masculinist values that the novels hope to overcome.
Committee in charge: David Leiwei Li, Chair; Mary Elene Wood; Cynthia H. Tolentino; Jiannbin L. Shiao
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Books on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

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Paris-Bucharest, Bucharest-Paris: Francophone writers from Romania. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2012.

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Poruciuc, Norbert A. The status of anthroponyms in 20th century Romanian and English fiction. Iași: Casa Editorială Demiurg, 2005.

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The civic foundations of fascism in Europe: Italy, Spain, and Romania, 1870-1945. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.

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1939-, Scoffham E. R., ed. Romanian modernism: The architecture of Bucharest, 1920-1940. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1999.

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Dreaming about the Church: Acts of the Apostles of the 20th century. Kansas City, MO: Sheed & Ward, 1987.

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Preble, Peter-Michael. The martyred bishops of the Romanian Greek-Catholic Church united with Rome. Boston, Mass: Illyricum, 2004.

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Taylor, Becky. A minority and the state: Travellers in Britain in the twentieth century. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008.

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A minority and the state: Travellers in Britain in the twentieth century. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008.

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Gebhard, David. Romanza: The California architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1988.

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Hugh, Seton-Watson. The Russian empire 1801-1917. Oxford: Clarendon, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

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Bergmann, Karl-Christian. "Milestones in the 20th Century." In History of Allergy, 27–45. Basel: S. KARGER AG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000358478.

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Abrams, Jesse. "Late 20th-Century Forest History." In Forest Policy and Governance in the United States, 51–71. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043669-4.

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Varvoglis, Harry. "Physics of the 20th Century." In History and Evolution of Concepts in Physics, 105–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04292-3_5.

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Welch Guerra, Max. "Interpreting 20th Century European Planning History." In European Planning History in the 20th Century, 268–71. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003271666-28.

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Rao, J. S. "20th Century Graphical and Numerical Methods." In History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 99–114. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1165-5_11.

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Blaauw, Adriaan. "Earlier 20th Century Developments; World War I." In History of the IAU, 15–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0978-9_2.

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Larkham, Peter J. "History and Heritage." In European Planning History in the 20th Century, 139–52. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003271666-15.

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Roberts, Adam. "The Early 20th Century, 2: The Pulps." In The History of Science Fiction, 253–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_10.

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Brosens, Ivo, and Giuseppe Benagiano. "History of Endometriosis: A 20th-Century Disease." In Endometriosis, 1–18. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444398519.ch1.

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Lopez, Gary C. "A History of 20th-Century Safety Metrics." In Safety Metrics for the Modern Safety Professional, 9–16. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003088332-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

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NECHITA, Constantin. "DECLINE HISTORY OF OAKS IN 20TH CENTURY FOR ROMANIAN EXTRA-CARPATHIAN REGIONS." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.2/s14.087.

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Korolevski, Svetlana. "The History of an Institute through the History of a Section or about the Capitalization of the Literary Heritage at Chisinau." In Conferință științifică internațională "Filologia modernă: realizări şi perspective în context european". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2022.16.40.

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The reintegration of the classical values in the cultural life of postwar Bessarabia was a long and difficult path, because of the involvement of the political factor, the powerful impact of the sociological mentality, and from here – the selective exegetical approach, influenced by the ideology of power and the enforcing of restrictive and dogmatically norms, with focus on certain writers and works, certain aspects of those. Among the most active and competent representatives of the literary heritage in the area between the rivers Prut and Nistru from the second half of the 20th century were the literary historians Efim Levit, Eugeniu Russev, Haralambie Corbu, Pavel Zavulan, Ion Vasilenco, Lazăr Ciobanu, Vasile Ciocanu, Pavel Balmuş, researchers from the Classical literature section (today the Premodern and modern Romanian literature Section of the Institute of Romanian Philology „Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu”). Their achievements in the literary and historical areas constitutes the subject of this article.
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Goryaev, Sergey, and Olga Olshvang. "Balkan motifs in Russian urbanonymy: “Romanian” and “Bulgarian” street names." In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/37.

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The paper discusses some names of the Russian urban space, mainly street names, referring to the ethnonyms Romanian and for comparison Bulgarian, as well as to the names of the capitals of these countries and certain geographical objects, e.g., улица Румынская ‘Romanian street’ (the city of Astrakhan), Болгарский городок ‘Bulgarian town’ (a district in the city of Novokujbyshevsk), Софийский переулок ‘Sophia lane’ (the city of Shimanovsk), shopping center “Bucharest” (Moscow). The appearance of such names in the Russian onomasticon reflects the historical relations between Russia and the mentioned Balkan peoples, their common political history in the 20th century and, in a broader sense, the ways of manifestation of multiculturalism, not related to the global westernization of modern culture.
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Gherasim, Cezar. "TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF ROMANIA IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURYTOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF ROMANIA IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.085.

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Romanovska, Alina. "20TH CENTURY HISTORY OF LATVIA IN LITERARY NARRATIVES." In 3rd Arts & Humanities Conference, Barcelona. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/ahc.2018.003.002.

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Aristizábal, José Antonio. "HUMBERTO RIVAS, DESDE LO ROMÁNTICO Y LO SINIESTRO. HUMBERTO RIVAS FROM THE ROMANTIC AND THE SINISTER." In I Congreso Internacional sobre Fotografia: Nuevas propuestas en Investigacion y Docencia de la Fotografia. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cifo17.2017.6880.

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Palabras clave:Fotografía, estética, Humberto Rivas, Rafael Argullol, Eugenio Trías.Keywords: Photography, esthetic, Humberto Rivas, Rafael Argullol, Eugenio Trías.Resumen:El siguiente artículo busca dar una lectura a la obra del fotógrafo Humberto Rivas, Premio Nacional de Fotografía y unos de los mayores exponentes de la fotografía española de finales del siglo XX. Se parte de la convicción de que hace falta ubicar a Humberto Rivas en una tradición de pensamiento estético, ya que las distintas lecturas que existen sobre su trabajo, aunque importantes, no han dejado de ser lecturas impresionistas que no han reflexionado en profundidad sobre su obra. Este artículo trata de ver a Rivas a partir de unas categorías estéticas. Para ello se remite a las reflexiones de Rafael Argullol para distinguir aquello propio del artista romántico, y a las aportaciones filosóficas de Eugenio Trías acerca de lo siniestro en la obra de arte, y las vincula a la obra de Humberto Rivas. La hipótesis inicial es de que Rivas no se sentía como un fotógrafo que atrapa momentos o documenta acontecimientos, sino como un creador, y su obra es resultado de un artista que se repliega sobre sí mismo con la intención de producir una imagen reflejo de su mundo interior, la cual se puede explicar desde la mente del artista romántico, aunque el contexto no sea el romanticismo. Por último, aunque el artículo hable sobre Humberto Rivas, también es una manera de construir un relato entre la imagen fotográfica y distintos valores estéticos que hacen parte la historia del arte. Abstract:The following article seeks to give a reading to the work of photographer Humberto Rivas, National Photography Prize and one of the greatest exponents of Spanish photography at the end of the 20th century. It is based on the conviction that it is necessary to locate Humberto Rivas in a translation of aesthetic thought, since the different readings that exist on his work, although important, have not ceased to be Impressionist readings that have not reflected in depth on his work . This article tries to see Rivas from some aesthetic categories. For this he refers to the reflections of Rafael Argullol to distinguish that of the romantic artist and the philosophical contributions of Eugenio Trías about the sinister in the work of art, and links them to the work of Humberto Rivas. The initial hypothesis is that Rivas did not feel like a photographer who catches moments or documents events, but as a creator, and his work is the result of an artist who recoils on himself with the intention of producing a reflex image of Its inner world, which can be explained, from the mind of the romantic artist although the context is not romanticism. Finally, although the article talks about Humberto Rivas, it is also a way to build a narrative between the photographic image and the values ​​that have served to interpret painting or sculpture in the history of art.
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Szoro, Ilona. "READING CIRCLES IN HUNGARY IN THE 20TH CENTURY." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.072.

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Zhou, Dian. "THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN ETCHING OF THE 20th CENTURY." In VI Международная научно-практическая конференция "Искусствознание и педагогика. Диалектика взаимосвязи и взаимодействия". Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Книжный дом», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25807/pbh.978-5-94777-431-3.134.138.

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BARBOSA, Helena. "The signature of Portuguese posters from 17th Century to 20th Century: one history of identities." In Design frontiers: territories, concepts, technologies [=ICDHS 2012 - 8th Conference of the International Committee for Design History & Design Studies]. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/design-icdhs-035.

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KURAS, L. V., and B. D. TSYBENOV. "KYAKHTA IN 20th – THE BEGINNING OF 21 CENTURY: HISTORY, PRESENT, PROSPECTS." In Scientific conference, devoted to the 95th anniversary of the Republic of Buryatia. Publishing House of the Buryat Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30792/978-5-7925-0521-6-2018-81-84.

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Reports on the topic "Romania History 20th century"

1

Kempgen, Sebastian. Was Postkarten erzählen können… Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-49498.

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