Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Roman populaire français – 20e siècle'
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Zimba, Lucille. "L'Invention de la Belle Epoque dans les souvenirs et les romans de 1918 à 1955." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE1150.
Full textThe “Belle Époque”, the expression wich appoints the period extending of the end of the XIXth century to 1914, is a syntagm wich questions and whose origin remains uncertain : generally situated by 1918, its appearance does not amount to the strict comparison between the horror of the Great War and the peacetime which preceded it. The emergence of the syntagm “Belle Époque” is more complex and its uses tend to multiply, shyly, during 1930s and to stabilize after the Second World War. The representations of the Belle Époque are too source of confusion: between praise and disapproval, between indifference or sublimation, this inter-centuries does not unmoved and arouses numerous speeches, essentially literary, which constitute paradigm of the representations of the Belle Époque. The literary landscape of the 1930s presents a massive production of memories of period 1900 as well as numerous sagas to context Belle Époque. The literary genre, the context of writing, the narrative weft, tackled issues, the figures and the events, all these elements constitute the main factors of reconfiguration. It is thus essentially through the literature that invents the Belle Époque, at the mirror of the 1930s
Hannedouche, Cédric. "Construction et déconstruction d'un héros de roman policier du début du XXème siècle : les Aventures extraordinaires d'Arsène Lupin." Thesis, Artois, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ARTO0009.
Full textThe simple evocation of Arsène Lupin causes the insurance of an entertainment carried out until its hilarious term. He opens in us the doors of imaginary pleasant, made historical mysteries, memorable wealths and adventures. At once the marked fabulous name that a silhouette emerges which approved us, that well-known of a merry, tempting and retributive burglar. A character above laws and of the roofs, out of commun run, critical and whose multiple adventures pose the stones founders of an art nouveau in literature. Appeared for the first time in 1905, within the magazine I know all, the gentleman-burglar knew, since, remarkable and incomparable longevity. Since, the character of Arsène Lupin does not cease fascinating and fertilizing the imagination of his readers until phagocytosing the name even of his creator. Maurice Leblanc is then a name which falls into the lapse of memory while that of Arsène Lupin acquires on his side a certain autonomy. Throughout their multiple publications, the extraordinary adventures of Arsène Lupin deploy a range of texts particularly favourable with new generic and aesthetic explorations, an experimental and fundamental tank with the development of a new reflection on the detective novel in France
Lemaitre, Régine. "Fernando Fernán-Gómez : écrivain populaire." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20009.
Full text@Fernando Fern'an-G'omez is one of the most important figure of Spanish cinema, so that it has somewhat overshadowed the writer's facet. Therefore, this thesis takes into account one part of his written works, that is to say six novels and four plays. The aim of this work is to examine their relationships with the marginal literature and with the French popular novel in particular. Indeed, the author always evokes his taste for this genre and the role it has played in his education. From then on, to find its traces and borrowings in his work was a compulsory step. In order to know on which level this influence was the most likely,it was necessary to establish the popular feature of the considered work and likely, it was necessary to establish the populare feature of the considered work and this through three criteria : its origin, its form and its contents. Are Fernando Fern'an-G'omez's writings popular because the writer himself comes from the ordinary people ? Are they so because of their realism and readability ? Or finally are they so because the author mainly evokes -by using certain tricks of the popular novel- the Spanish people, these vanquished people who have suffered from harshness of the civil war and from the francoism which are two recurrent historical aspects of his written works. It is on this last level that the popular feature of the works appears the most clearly, the author having himself declared that his worries for the humble people came from his reading when he was a child of the book " Les Misérables " by V. Hugo. Strongly considered as the writer of the ordinary people ; Fernando Fern'an-G'omez deserved to be qualified as a popular writer as Eugene Sue was in his time
Zimba, Lucille. "L'Invention de la Belle Epoque dans les souvenirs et les romans de 1918 à 1955." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE1150.
Full textThe “Belle Époque”, the expression wich appoints the period extending of the end of the XIXth century to 1914, is a syntagm wich questions and whose origin remains uncertain : generally situated by 1918, its appearance does not amount to the strict comparison between the horror of the Great War and the peacetime which preceded it. The emergence of the syntagm “Belle Époque” is more complex and its uses tend to multiply, shyly, during 1930s and to stabilize after the Second World War. The representations of the Belle Époque are too source of confusion: between praise and disapproval, between indifference or sublimation, this inter-centuries does not unmoved and arouses numerous speeches, essentially literary, which constitute paradigm of the representations of the Belle Époque. The literary landscape of the 1930s presents a massive production of memories of period 1900 as well as numerous sagas to context Belle Époque. The literary genre, the context of writing, the narrative weft, tackled issues, the figures and the events, all these elements constitute the main factors of reconfiguration. It is thus essentially through the literature that invents the Belle Époque, at the mirror of the 1930s
Sadoun, Clara. "Le roman de La Vie parisienne, 1863-1970: presse, genre, littérature et mondanité, 1863-1914." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209915.
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Duc, Thierry. "Le roman populaire français à sujet médiéval de 1830 à 1850." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040089.
Full textAfter having been vilified from the renaissance up until the eighteenth century, the middle ages became a choice topic for the romantics. Popular literature took over medieval subjects and, influenced by Walter Scott, by the gothic novel or by texts taken from the "bibliothèque bleue de Troyes" (pedlary literature), offered to its readers a picture of the middle ages quite different from the affected one proposed by the "genre troubadour". Giving form to this rediscovered national past is rendered by redundant form sense elements, true icons that are clues to a codified spatiality and temporaneousness. A reflection on history or a political discourse can occur. Moreover, the craving of the popular novel for manichaeism and hyperbole promotes the creation of a true myth, which responds to a social desire of reappropriation of the origins : the later denunciation of the stereotypes will not affect this myth which still today sends us back to some of our frustrations in a society where the "acceleration of history" makes us suffer a feeling of loss and induces within us the nostalgia of a coherent and stable civilization, ritualized and reassuring
Neboit-Mombet, Janine. "L'image de la Russie dans le roman français (1859-1900)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20011.
Full textDenis, Sophie-Eléonore. "L'incipit : les portes de l'espace romanesque français du XXe siècle." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO2004.
Full textMischi, Julian. "Structuration et désagrégation du communisme français : 1920-2002 : usages sociaux du parti et travail partisan en milieu populaire." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0147.
Full textThis comparative study of development of the French communist party in four socially diversified sites (the Bourbon farmland in the Allier, the Lorraine plateau in Meurthe-et-Moselle, the Saint-Nazaire labour pool in the Loire-Atlantique, Grenoble and its suburbs in the Isère) aims at understanding how the emergence and the crisis of the communist partisan model came about. The socio-historical analysis of communist presence in those areas from 1920 to 1980 reveals three types of partisan cohesion principles: organizational (institutional rules securing central control over the periphery), symbolical (management of common memory and cultural landmarks, and anthropological (development by the community of weakened social groups). The analysis of the decline of the French communist party after 1980 shows how the various elements of the communist partisan model (unionists, representatives, local officials) have fallen apart, and how ineffective the unifying role of the party has become
Lavergne, Elsa de. "La naissance du roman policier français (1865-1915)." Paris 4, 2007. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=EleMS01.
Full textThis study relates the rise of the French detective novel from late Second Empire to the First World War. It springs up in the judicial novels of Emile Gaboriau (1836-1873), the “father of French detective novel” and of his imitators, unrecognized novelists of the Second Empire and the Third Republic. It ends up with the first great cycles of detective adventures in the Belle Epoque, Arsene Lupin’s ones, written by Maurice Leblanc, and Rouletabille’s by Gaston Leroux. First, the research singles out the historical, literary and social factors which favoured the emergence of this genre: the popular press and serial novel development, the public’s rising interest for criminal topics and the evolution of police methods. It shows how appeared and progressively came into practice a new kind of novel, based on the actions of the character of the detective and on the process of piecing together the crime scenario. Second, the study puts the detective novel back in its connections with the contemporary world and emphasizes the wealth of its content. 19th century detective novels possess a realist vocation and tend to be similar to documents about the functioning of institutions and the rules of society. Their themes reveal the fears and the astonishment of the contemporaries who experienced the deep mutations of the industrial and urban civilization as a trauma and wondered about their consequences. Detective novels mirror the fears of a society who faces new dangers, but they either reflect its hopes, based upon the scientific and technical progress
Tari, Bita. "L'inscription de l'épistolaire dans le roman français du XXe siècle : les approches littéraire et didactique." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030070.
Full textThe central question of this thesis revolves around the analysis of the interaction between epistolary and novelistic forms and the didactic possibilities of this interaction in the context of teaching French as a foreign language. The relationship between text and context implies the study of the enunciation in the exposition scenes. The elaboration of the theory of “scenography” enables us to deal with thoughts, ideas, points of view, ideologies, etc. When they are presented in the epistolary form within the fictional context of the novel. The approach adopted here involves two analyses: the first is an analysis of discourse, inspired by pragmatic theories, which consist in studying the epistolary form as a discursive activity within which the enunciation cannot be dissociated from a system of communication; the second analysis, which is didactic, borrows from social sciences, which deals with the conflation of three elements : the text, the enunciator and the reader/learner. The improvised nature of the epistolary form enables the learner to write freely with the aim of communicating. Through a process of identification, the learner takes the place of the letter writer to enter the fictional universe of the novel and to recognise certain moral and cultural values in the target language. The dialogical, interactive and hyper-generic frame of the letter incites the reader/learner to accept a specific worldview of the author who is positioned in the literary field constituted as “social space”. Acceptance of this “authorial world” is dependent on the expectations and cultural baggage of the learner, those having been formed by his reading habits and the approaches to reading imposed by social norms
Garcin, Étienne. "Les monstres et le monstrueux dans le roman populaire de 1830 à 1870." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040176.
Full textOne can distinguish two movements within the XIXth century popular novel. Firstly, a body of work similar to the comedy of manners, for example the work of Paul de Kock. Secondly, a set of authors influenced by the gothic novel including Eugene Sue, Frederic Soulié, Alexandre Dumas, Paul Féval and Ponson du Terrail. A study of their works, published between 1830 to 1870, plus those of other authors of lesser importance in this respect, has led to observe that monstrosity is omnipresent in their respective fiction. This notion of monstrosity includes both aesthetics and moral aspects, and is significant enough to entail a study of the narrative of the popular novel and an analysis of the degeneration of romantic idealism. Synthetically the presence of horrific caracters, sordid situations or repugnant elements reveal a loos of the literary nature of literature which, at the same time, paves the way for the realistic and naturalistic novel through experimentation with rudimentary mimesis. Thus, popular literature raises the question of how far one can go in a literature that does away with beauty. Offshoots of the Romantic Movement, adapted to the transformation of the masses into general readers, the popular novel of the period 1830 to 1870 expresses a continual fascination for evil and wickedness at work in a traumatized society and a taste for the superhuman which is strangely reconciled in a defense under the guise of bourgeois moral values. Monsters and monstrosity in the popular novel of this period may well be the point of convergence where XVIIIth century rationalism, implemented in the XIXth century, and the imaginary forms brought about by the more traditional literary forms, are united and in harmony with each other
Lamarque-Rootering, Marie-Pierre. "Les adaptations théâtrales de romans français au XIXe siècle." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030155.
Full textLiterature or imposture ? The theatrical adaptations of 19th century French novels invaded the Parisian scene signed by the greatest writers : Paul de Kock, Alexandre Dumas (the father), Eugène Sue, Paul Féval, George Sand, Alexandre Dumas (the son), Octave Feuillet, Jules Sandeau, Emile Zola, Alphonse Daudet, Edmond de Goncourt, and Jules Verne… Speculating on the popularity of a novel, they swept into a verbose creative spiral authors, theatre directors and the public, all voluntary prisoners of a lucrative production system. The novel went beyond the scope of theatre’s narrow context. The Procrustean Couch : The Weight of Word sis metamorphosed into a Pandora’s Box. From text to out of (con)text, the novel transferred to theatre threw all referential drama codes (generic, structural, stylistics, sets of themes and the spectacular) off balance, making a mockery of conventional censurers. It faces a mainly hostile, dramatic criticism disorientated by poetically imitated origins. From the serial story with its theatrical downward spiral, imitation in the sense of a transformed copy, the essence of literary creation in its Aristotelician sense was modifying an already dramatic landscape. Was it invention or copy ? Literary ownership dictated its law within international literary conventions. The process of the theatrical adaptation of novels was legalized in 1886 during the Congress of Bern. From « imitation » to « adaptation », literature spiralled downward to acquire a secondary, second place status unworthy of literary history
Rivalan, Guégo Christine. "La littérature (romans et nouvelles) populaire et légère en Espagne : 1894-1936." Rennes 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN20013.
Full textBased on the novels and novelettes by twelve authors (in alphabetical order, J. Belda, J. M. Carretero, J. Frances, A. Hernandez Cata, A. De Hoyos y Vinent, A. Insua, R. Lopez de Haro, P. Mata, A. Retana, F Sassone, F. Trigo et E. Zamacois), this study proposes to examine the birth, rise and decline of a movement in popular literature in Spain between 1894 and 1936 in relation to the new publishing deal, French literary influences and the centres of interest of the Spanish reading public of the time. The first part includes a presentation of the authors (through their biographies) and the magazines and publishing houses that brought out their writings. This panorama of Spain’s publishing world is supplemented with a survey of the circulation of these works abroad - essentially in France as well as the cinema adaptation of some of them. There follows a chapter entitled ' the book as an object ', which deals with the elements directly peripheral to the text - titles, covers, jacket flaps, back covers, illustrations, advertisement etc. Secondly, the analysis bears upon the contents of these works through a study of themes and characters, bringing to the fore the recurrent and permanent features in the writing of those pages together with their French literary inspiration. Their close links with the concerns of contemporary readers - among which the questioning about sexuality and the position of women in society hold a dominating place - is also examined
Yahiaoui, Merabet Messaouda. "Roman et société dans l'Algérie coloniale du vingtième siècle : 1898 - 1960." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20013.
Full textThe thesis deals with one hundred and fifty novels written by some sixty christian french and jewish french authors born in Algeria or in France and others written by native intellectuals graduated from the French schools and "medersas" between 1898-1960. The abundant production of novels offers to the readers an authentic view of the different social, economical, political and cultural aspects of the different communities at that time. The jewish and christian French women writers were numerous to write during the inter war years (1920-1940), whereas, the muslim woman writer appeared on the literary scene later, after 1945. The first part introduces the authors and their works. The second part is devoted to the two Algerian schools : the Algerianism (1920-1935) and l'Ecole d'Alger (1935-1960). The third part tells about the social and historical context : it shows the characteristics of the different social communities observed by the authors. Finally, the fourth part concerns the analysis of the novels. The writers are both actors and observers. Their writings do reflect the stereotypes, but above all, a part of the sociocultural reality of colonial Algeria
Cominetti, Philippe. "L'inspiration scientifique dans le roman post-naturaliste : du naturalisme français à la littérature japonaise du premier XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30005.
Full textBy considering the way scientific elements are integrated in naturalist fiction, as well as in post-naturalist novels, this dissertation aims at defining the features of a textual norm ((the so-called "realistic-code")from the double point of view of poetics and ideology. With French texts as a starting point and a Japanese corpus (1895-1960) considered as a case study, transmission of French naturalism (Zola's theoretical discourse, and anatomical imagination) and development of scientific inspiration in the Japanse context of tremendous modernization -which implies enhanced presence of science and technical objects- shall be pondered. The first part deals with scientific inspiration in the naturalist context, where it is defined as dissemination (alteration of rationality, visualization, production of objects) and qualified as genesis of subsequents forms. These forms, examined in a second part along a historical perspective relate to texts progressively structured according to the "systemic organization of technical objects". In the third part, hermeneutical tools are provided for the previous description, leading to the hypothesis of a fetishistic structure of scientific inspiration. Beyond such a local interpretation of naturalism's outgrowth, it shall be possible to reconsider French and European Literature, thus providing insights about the nature of fiction in realist texts, and the correlation between the questions of science and the subject
Rollet-Grandhomme, Marie-Christine. "L'image de l'enquêteur dans le roman policier français : fin du XIXe-début du XXe siècle." Dijon, 2006. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2eea4aa1-f185-4fac-a310-50e7ea494a4b.
Full textThis research proposes an approach to detective novels written from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The founding writers of popular and detective novels such as Emile Gaboriau, Gaston Leroux, Maurice Leblanc, Marcel Allain and Pierre Souvestre will give an understanding of the passage from popular novels towards the detective novels. In the beginning of the 20th century, the cleavage between the two styles is not yet effective. Nevertheless, the interest can be found in the novel is, in part, about the logical application to crime analysis. This aspect comes into view in some Emile Gaboriau’s novels, at the end of the 19th century, or in le Mystère de la chambre jaune. These novels are popular and mystery stories with crimes rather than detective novels in the literal sense. However, the interest comes slowly into a deduction and observation system, which will drive to, in the years 1920-1930, to the pure English detective novel. The study concerns the representation of the investigator and the emulation between two opposite forces: the official authorities and the dilettante. Prime investigators’ exceptional characteristics and aptitudes can be observed, which drive the omniscient inquirer’s symbolic representation into the classical detective novels
Palewska, Marie. "Un romancier d'aventures à la Belle Epoque : paul d'Ivoi (1856-1915) et ses "Voyages excentriques"." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030013.
Full textPublished in volumes between 1894 and 1917 by the former bookshop Furne, Paul d’Ivoi’s "Voyages Excentriques" made up a collection which was very much valued by the youth of the Edwardian Era.These adventure novels, in the tradition of Jules Verne, were highly representative of their time with plots deeply rooted in the political ideas pervading then. They were anxious to contribute to the patriotic and moral moulding of their readers and applied to support the colonial work of France while promoting the values of the French Republic and celebrating its influence all over the world. The action, which often deals with international diplomatic stakes, sends the characters abroad to meet other nationalities whose visions reflect their relationships with France, whether friendly or of conflict.However the "Voyages Excentriques" swing from reality into fiction using the various means that adventure novels, then at their peak, offered them. Exotism and scientific extravagance are the main themes, often accompanied with detective stories or spy fiction as secondary sorts. When writing his adventure novels, Paul d’Ivoi carefully paid attention to differentiating himself from his predecessors, asserting his own manner by inventing wonderful scientific gadgets or giving a preponderant role to women. His books were a great success at the turn of the 20th century as New Year’s gifts, school prizes, popular manuals or cheap serials which were adapted on stage or even in movies.He is most original in his dealing with eccentricity which is to be found all through his collection of Belle Epoque novels
Guillaumie, Marc. "Le roman préhistorique à partir des premiers romans préhistoriques français (1872-1914)." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO2001.
Full textPlaczek, Joanna. "Le français régional du lyonnais à travers la littérature populaire tirée des "Almanachs des amis de Guignol" du XXe siècle (1922-1939, 1944, 1972-1973)." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_guidault_j.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, we propose a definition of the Contes lyonnais and we give the reason why its authors were interested in the regional dialect of Lyon. Thus, the Contes lyonnais were stories composed by the literate class originating from Lyon’s political and cultural circle, following their precursor Nizier du Puitspelu. They were published mainly by the Société des Amis de Guignol during the first half of the 20th century in the Almanachs des Amis de Guignol and were written in the regional French of Lyon. They tell facetious stories of the Lyon silk workers life and they were intended to those who heartily care about Lyon's culture. The authors of the Contes lyonnais were born in their great majority in Lyon’s region. Their parents had worked in Lyon’s silk industries and some of them even tasted its flavour themselves. Their involvement in the building of the “lyonnitude” and their stubbornness demonstrates that their interest in the regional dialect of Lyon was lead by their love for Lyon. Secondly, we give a phonetic, morphosyntaxtic and lexical analysis of the Contes lyonnais. It demonstrates that two mains traits characterize their grammar : a popular aspect and a regional one. As much as the phonetics are rich in popular archaisms, the morphosyntax abounds in regional archaisms. Nonetheless, we notice a very slight proportion of regional traits that are uniquely Lyonnais. To the opposite, the vocabulary is mainly made up of regional words that are found only in the francoprovencal domain or in Lyon
Vathaire, Aurélia de. "Les écrivains-planteurs français de caoutchouc en Malaisie, 1905-1957." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROF026.
Full textBetween 1905, arrival of Henri Fauconnier, from Charente, and 1957, independence of the country, some Frenchmen chose to come to Malaya to work in rubber estates. The first plantations founded by Henri Fauconnier merged in 1920s into Socfin group (Societé Financière des Caoutchouc). Amongst these rubber planters, three became novelists. Henri Fauconnier (1879-1973), described in his novel The Soul of Malaya – published and awarded by the Goncourt Prize in 1930 – the adventure and the pioneer spirit of the first Frenchmen who cleared the jungle and planted the first rubber trees. The second one, Pierre Boulle (1912-1994), wrote in 1952 Sacrilege in Malaya. Denouncing the excessive bureaucratization and the rigid hierarchy in the large European plantation companies, he humourisly described the rubber planters’ life in Malaya in the 1930s and 1940s. The third one, Pierre Lainé, was born in 1930. Living in Malaya since 1955, he told in his novel L’Oreiller en Porcelaine (The Porcelain Pillow), the last years of colonial period. These novels, which describe different eras, are written by “writers-rubber planters” and show a common wish to depict Malaya through the rubber plantation world. These Frenchmen were both actors and observers of the British colony’s development. The study of their works and their lives will give an insight of the way they perceive and analyze it
Vuillemin, Alain. "La figure du dictateur ou de dieu truqué dans les romans français et anglais de 1918 à 1984." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040041.
Full textThe dictator's figure has an exceptional plasticity in contemporary literature. The fragmentation of its historical, linguistic and mythical expressions reveals an uncommon power of fascination upon authors, even when they denounce dictators as deceivers, false gods, "sham gods". Are we facing an "archetypal" figure, original and primordial, of sovereignty, more religious than political, and of which the absolute equivocal nature would explain the extraordinary ambiguousness of its literary manifestations? Nevertheless, a vast although very diffuse imaginary "testament" describes the continuously beginning again cycle in the writing works of an imposture which seems inherent in hall dictatorial or totalitarian enterprises, whatever their appearances are in these novels, for the writers studied. Beginnings are insidious, proceedings tortuous, triumphs terrifying, declining misleading and recommencements unceasing. That "archetype" would be eternal. Novelists would do nothing but find a millennial intuition and condemnation again
Pradeau, Christophe. "L'idée de cycle romanesque : Balzac, Proust, Giono." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081683.
Full textAlaguillaume, Matthias. "Le roman de cape et d'épée d'Alexandre Dumas père." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040072.
Full textAs a popular kind of historic novel Alexandre Dumas' cloak and dagger novel emerged between history and stories. After describing the way which le Dumas from history to historic novel, we will show - thanks to the theories of Jacques Rancière and Charles Grivel - how historic matter and literary matter melted into a new genre invented by the writer. Afterwards, we will study the fictional aspect of adventure thanks to the works of Vladimir Jankélévitch. Secondly, we will highlight some key elements of the genre such as characters and places. In so doing we will study the themes and the situations developed by the author and we will try and give a definition of Dumas's novelistic expression. The last part will bring under close scrutiny an aspect of Dumas's creation which has often been neglected by critics, that is the relation between Dumas's writing and cinematographic writing. Analysing Dumas' cloak and dagger novel first as a literary representation essentially based on the ability to show pictures and secondly as the expression of a poetics of movement will enable us to have a better grasp of the creative part underpinning dumasian production. Such a power can be construed as an early cinematographic form or, at least, as an esthetical form half way between literature and cinema
Abachi, Mouhanad al. "Le sens de la mort dans le roman français de l'entre-deux guerres : 1918-1939." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100152.
Full textRozenberg, Akoun Nadine. "L' image du juif dans le roman policier français au XXème siècle : évolution et permanence." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082539.
Full textPascaniuc-Caullataille, Oana. "L' univers langagier de San Antonio." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040063.
Full textWhat relationship have San-Antonio's detective novels with consumer society ? Our analysis of San-Antonio's language at three levels (vocabulary, morphosyntax and semantics), using the tools of serial stylistics, allowed us to identify five massive dominant characteristics : the playful, the new, the variant, the familiar universe, the accumulation or excess. Similarly, these dominant characteristics are major features of consumer society. We also identified two cross dominants, variety and simplicity, as well as a relative dominant, the literary, in contrast to the familiar universe. Consequently, the universe of San-Antonio's language can be represented as a complex network of relations between these various dominant characteristics. San-Antonio's detective novels are real consumer goods which seduce the reader due to their particular use of language. They are a true reconstruction of colloquial French, marked with the multitude of procedures we identified as being typical of San-Antonio
Lafon-Viellard, Marie-Hélène. "Du conte au roman dans l'oeuvre d'Henri Pourrat." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070110.
Full textFrench author Henri Pourrat (1887-1959) wrote several novels and many literary essays. He is best known for his tresor des contes, a 13-volume collection of folk tales. The tales he collected around Ambert in France's massif central provide the basic material for his work. The plot of gaspard des montagnes, his first novel, consists of four intertwining tales. Pourrat expanded these tales inserting others and introducing new characters, inspired by tradition. Even when not derived from oral tradition, the structure of his novel uses the same repetitive devices and variations of themes. Gaspard des montagnes was patterned after traditional story-telling and was henri pourrat(s first attempt to rescue popular heritage from oblivion. Similarly for le chasseur de la nuit, his last novel, inspired by a story first recorded by a friend of him. Pourrat reorganized this around another tale that gives its title to the novel and emphasizes its circular structure. The essence of henri pourrat's work, from Gaspard des montagnes to le chasseur de la nuit, is the endeavor to bring new life to popular culture. Not only was pourrat familiar with the riches of this culture, but he was all too aware of its fragility, especially after world war 1. A world was dying and he wanted to save as much as he could through his writings. To him, it was a question of life or death, and the urgency increased when he learned he had tuberculosis. This raised his eagerness to collect stories and recreate so many different voices, disregarding the accepted frontiers of literary classification
Bourdeau, Michèle. "Rome : réalités, images, mythes (de Paul Bourget à Michel Butor)." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA120013.
Full textInthe contemporary french novel, rome is the archetypical city of paradox. The authors' treatments of it point out its antagonisms, its uncertainties, its contradictions. In fact, an evocation of time, for them, is a review of centuries past, but also of the present epoch, unification, fascism, because rome reveals itself as a veritable palimp sest on which one can read the city's multifold histories: the past blends constantly, and identifies itself, with the present. City that they ancher in space seems to exist as multiplicity. The portrait of a three-faced city emerges from their works. It's a profile of three more or less well defined universes: antiquity catholicism, modern times. Their analysis prompts one to retain the epithet baroque as one of the city's prime descriptions. For these authors, rome is the city of the baroque age, but especially the city where present and past, the profane and the sacred, beauty and ugliness shadow and light, the capital and the provincial all exist side by side their interpretation of myths suggests two constants: the she-wolf, the association roma amor. Myths that embody decadence replace the representation born of triumphalist legends. In the sense, by the same token, the anagramme becomes phonetic: unfulfille
Voyer, Marie-Hélène. "En terrains vagues : poétique de l’espace incertain dans le roman français et québécois contemporain." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25528.
Full textBrezinski, Christine. "Variations sur les conduites amoureuses de la séduction à l'amour (Séduction, Amour, Mariage, Adultère) dans le roman français et américain contemporain." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030032.
Full textThe main subject of this study is seduction and it's counterpart love. Seduction is the starting point of the thematic study of each chapter. Through the study of various contemporary french and american novels, we have to draw the map of the new loving landscape and to point out the literary variations of the loving behaviour. This study is not only based on the thematic of the novels but also on their resemblances and their differences. However, it is not only built on the comparison between the literature of the two countries. It is also based on the opposition, in each country, between two forms of seduction and love. The two forms can be summarized as follows : a destructive and dangerous form, and an idyllic one. These two forms are different in each country but we can find resemblances. In french literature, the theme of seduction is simultaneously represented in an evil and a perverse way and in a romantic form, which provides the apology of hapiness and happy couple. In the american literature, seduction is presented in two differents forms. Firstly, there is a cruel seduction, because it happens essentially in extra-marital love affairs. Secondly, there is an ideal seduction. This seduction appearsin a particuliar type of novels. It can be found in sentimental novels, which can be called harlequin romances, and, thus, in love stories written by danielle steel. Hence, we can define two literary worlds privileging the description of love through seduction. The novels studied are novels of society which are the image of a form of throught and of a way of life. But, before beginnning the study of the corpus, we have to look back upon the sources in order to give some definitions but also to remind who were the great tempters in literature
Etcharry, Stephan. "Henri Collet (1885-1951), compositeur : un itinéraire singulier dans l'hispanisme musical français." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040266.
Full textHenri Collet (1885-1951) was not only the music critic of Comedia who created the " Groupe des Six " in his two articles dated 16 and 23 January 1920. He was a Spanish scholar, a Spanish teacher, a translator, a writer, a pianist and a musicologist who described himself mainly as a composer for whom the Spanish inspiration played a dominating part, as we can see from the important catalogue of his musical works. Through a selection of significant pieces - covering the diversity of musical styles and their chronology -, this study examines the stylistic aspects which repeatedly appear in Collet's work in order to get a clearer view of his hispanicism. References to Castillan folklore and to music from the Spanish Renaissance play a major part in his composing process, the concept of intertextuality being placed at the core of his work. Without separating the musicologist's process from that of the composer, the analysis of the scores shows an artistic itinerary that appears to go through three distinctive phases : Castile, Paris and Andalusia. Collet's aesthetic progression goes against the general evolution of French musical hispanicism during the first half of the 20th century, coming back to a romantic and conventional picture of Spain. It starts from the search for authenticity, goes through some kind of settling and eventually ends in a musical idealization of Spain referring to its own intimacy
Machu, Laure. "Les conventions collectives du Front populaire : construction et pratiques du système français de relations professionnelles." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100158.
Full textTo help understand the origins of the French system of industrial relations, this thesis focuses on one major phase of its building, namely the negotiation of collective agreements under the Popular Front. Covering a span of moderate length this study pays special attention not only to the content of collective agreements but also to the practices of parties in the industrial relations system. Last, it takes a comparative approach, cross-checking studies on several sectors in three major industrial areas: the Nord and Seine departments and the Lyon region. Inasmuch as it extends collective agreements to all sectors, the Popular Front must indeed be seen as a founding period. But structural shifts implemented in 1936 are also the result of a developing practice which testifies both that the Government and unions were involved quite early and ever more so, and that thorough consideration was given to ways of reforming industrial relations right after the Laroque report came out in 1934. Three aspects stand out: a collective agreement should permit to exercise control over the business management of a factory, to organize the profession, to pacify and stabilize labour relations. Far from achieving these aims, collective agreements brought into effect by the Popular Front were first and foremost devised to protect the workers and establish a hierarchy among them. Yet, depending on the sector, the meaning granted to these collective agreements and their content may vary, which suggests the important part sector dynamics play when it comes to building a French model of industrial relations
Elias, Fouad Tannous. "Le roman francophone au Proche-Orient (1970-1995) : étude comparée." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120045.
Full textThis is a study of the directions of the near eastern french-language novel through the works of three contemporary writers: the six novels of venus khoury-ghata, a lebanese who lives in france; the two novels of i. Souss, a palestinian who is a naturalized french citizen; and the six novels of a. Maalouf, also a lebanese who resides in france. After an historical summary of french in the eastern mediterranean lands, and a description of the social, political, and psychological context in which the near eastern french-language novel developed, we first begin by presenting the writers and their novels. Next, we bring out and compare some common themes: the concept of the east and its relations with the west, religious culture and the religious conflicts both within and among multiconfessional societies, and finally the image of the middle eastern woman and her social status. After this, we try by a socio-historical analysis of certain terms, expressions, and images, to show the influence of the arab-muslim culture upon these writers. The conclusion bringsus to the future of french langauge and culture in the near east and its role in the liberation of arab society, the hopes for peace in the relationships of muslims. Jews, and christians, and fruitful exchange between east and west
Bigey, Magali. "Rencontres en séries. Matériel romanesque, lecteurs et lexique : une analyse du roman sentimental de type sériel (1942-2004)." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA1012.
Full textAssociated with preconceived images and full of prejudices, romance is a consumption product which embedies a social and cultural mirroring. In France for several decades, romance has gained an heterogeneous but loyal readership/audience. What are the motives of those novels which are said to be all similar? What do they represent for the readership? How are they perceived by those who read them? How are they read, apprehended and interpreted? These are some of the questions we try to give an answer to in this multidisciplinary work. The aims of this thesis are several : - On a 61-novel corpus: studying diachronically and morphologically the covers, the characters, the narrative patterns; analysing the lexical evolution on a digitized corpus of two million words thanks to different Natural Language Processing softwares ; - Studying reception, first by interviewing the readers, then by exploring a corpus constituted by messages posted on a discussion forum devoted to romance, applying Natural Language Processing methodologies. This research enabled to unveil the mecanisms involved in the evolution of romance since World War II, and to observe the different modes of reading and reception of these novels
Mugisha, Robert Gasana. "Aspects du roman africain : retour aux sources, ferveurs et refus : thèse." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2023.
Full textKuzmina, Irina. "Inscription du mythe dans le roman français, anglo-saxon et russe du XXe siècle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS005S.
Full textThe thesis Presence of Myth in 20th Century French, American and Russian Literature (Michel Butor's “L'Emploi du temps”, Aldous Huxley's “Brave New World” and Vladimir Nabokov's “Lolita”) is consecrated to the presence of myth referring to the sacred in modern western literature. It is a comparative study of the labyrinth image transcribing itself, in particular, through labyrinth writing, which substitutes itself to three other myths found in the analised novels – Saturn coming from the Latin heritage, Lilith stemming from Biblical and Judaic culture, and Utopia, universal archetype with its countless metamorphosis in Western culture. Such a comparison is possible within the framework of Semiotic studies considering myth, like any language, as a secondary semiological system basing on the paradigmatic nature of the sign
Maleski, Estelle. "Le roman policier à l'épreuve des littératures francophones des Antilles et du Maghreb : enjeux critiques et esthétiques." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30033.
Full textEven though the detective novel does not come under a real literary tradition in the French-speaking regions of the West Indies and the Maghreb, it nevertheless seems to have influenced various authors within theses spaces, wether directly or indirectly, over the last twenty years. Being already complex in essence and declinable in multiple variations that have been explored in different ways since its creation at the fall of the XIXth century, the detective genre, when confronted with the literary spaces of the West Indies and the Maghreb, is affected with new disruptions,which oscillate most of the time between an adaptation more or less dependant on the singularity of the new "setting" it is given and a complete divertion of some of the key principles of the generic frame, which was initially built around a clear codification. The detective novel is reactive to modernity and was very early categorized as a "minor genre. " It acts as a platform for a discourse tuned in to some particular social reality while reflecting a writing that is part of a quite remarkable literary frame. Through a corpus gathering around thirty works from the French-speaking literatures of the West Indies (Guadeloupe and Martinique) and the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), we will see how the adaptation of the detective story frame to these literatures seems to be an effective test, revealing the multiple potentialities the detective fiction offers, while focussing more particularly on the critical and aesthetic stakes engendered by such an "acclimatation" of the genre
Efoua, Zengue Rachel. "L'élément poétique dans les romans camerounais : ou la poésie francophone à l'épreuve de la tradition." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030144.
Full textRambaud, Mathias. "Les représentations chrétiennes dans le roman français contemporain de 1991 à nos jours." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30018.
Full textThe taking back of the Judeo-Christian eschatology by political theorists of the nineteenth century is a topos of the history of ideas. Though it is less obvious, the religious foundation of the democratic ideology of the twentieth century is just as real. As for art, since it is perhaps the last otherness of positivist rational discourse, it leads, in an overterritorialized world, to the extraterritorial field par excellence. The speculative theory of Art showed how literature is much more a logos than a tekhnè, and how the writer is closer to the figure of the messenger than to that of the craftsman. Moreover, in its temptation of origins, artistic inspiration calls for upmanship: word by word, we come to the Word, and from idea to idea to the Holy Spirit. Shall it transpose or criticize it, illustrate or reject it, the book has always had close relations to the Bible – and those relations are much deeper than an simple mediological homothety, where every beginning would count as a genesis. Among the current practices of transplantation of the Christian heritage in the novel, few are architectural ambitions or big extensions; most common are grafts or slags. Fragments of bigger schemes that no longer exist. Our aim is to highlight the new insertions of the sacred in the profane world of literature and to study its unique nature in connection with the current French society. And to demonstrate that between descriptive models, speculative crutches and narrative detours, Christianity, more than a mere referent among others, remains, in spite of society’s secularization, one of the privileged backgrounds of French fictional creation today
Hayek, Katia. "Folklore, surnaturel et réalité dans quelques romans français et tchèques de la postérité "gothique" au premier XIXe siècle : ètude du lien entre la construction imginaire et l'historicité." Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H053.
Full textFolklore, supernatural and reality, the combination of these words may surprise, but the confrontation is fruitful. The link between folklore and the supernatural seems, in part, evident in the popular novel of Gothic romance posterity at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Therefore, crossing the borders of the real and the unreal, commonly accepted in fictitious writing included supernatural, invites us to reconsider the category of the fantastic, and its vocation to entertain, in their relation to the vraisemblance. How may the supernatural folklore have something to say about the real and therefore, about human history?The comparative perspective that dominates the study of some popular French and Czech romances, which are inherited of the Gothic romances, emphasizes the functioning of folkloric motifs within the fictional frameworks. Beyond the ornamental and entertaining functions that are usually attributed to them, they crystallize the tensions that exist between the fictional construction and reality. Supporting the authors’ inspirations and their originality, the continuous presence of folklore in these narratives, leads to a reassessment of the generic framework related to the supernatural and reconsideration of the relationship of these fictions to the historicity. These so-called popular works, destined for a public which is claimed to be no less so, also illustrates contemporaneous time. The writing of the supernatural finally conceals more than one subversive discourse: social, political but also intimate and aesthetic
Vuong, Hoa Hoi. "La description musicale dans le roman du vingtième siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040191.
Full textReffait, Christophe. "Le roman de la Bourse dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, généalogie et logique d'un discours romanesque." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040130.
Full textThe Paris Stock Exchange was intriguing to 19th century writers. But as it stood for "the democratization of capital", it soon became a major source of controversy. After a period of heated debate (1854-1858) in which the press, comedies of manners and pamphlets played great role, the major theses then developed found their way into a novel of manners (1857-1890) that was widely opposed to the market place. The Stock Exchange was then viewed as the principal cause of the breaking p of ancient Régime society, this rhetoric being closely related to the rise of antiqemitism. While Zola's l'Argent (1890-1891) enhances a counter-notion of progress that evokes the American gospel of wealth as exemplified by Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser, it also brings the political approach of economics to completion by showing that both democracy and the market place are ruled by abstractions
Cadin, Anne. "Le moment américain du roman français (1945-1950)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040036.
Full textFrom 1945 to 1950, the American Novel promulgates his presence on the French literary scenery and appears as a model beyond compare to renew the French novel. Our thesis is dedicated to this American moment of the French novel that opens at the Liberation. The publication of Americanized novels increases and creates a constant interest from the literary critics, sometimes enthusiast, sometimes outraged by the consequences of this “new-blood” injection in the French novel’s veins. “Legitimate” novelists, such as Sartre, Des Forêts, Vailland, are actually as attracted by this miraculous resource as the detective novel writers, such as Simenon, Malet, Meckert, who are the first willing to benefit from the hard boiled success. Simultaneously, two different ways to seize the American substance are appearing: the “serious” novelists embrace it briefly, but go from fascination to disappointment; as to the detective novel writers, they transform a sheer imitation reflex into fertile assimilation. Yet, all those novels have not often been studied. Our work is aiming to expose this American path, taken by a vast panel of French novelists, in an even more so profitable manner since they used the American material as a starting point, an experimentation opportunity, but also as a way to assert their own fictional identity. By reexamining the French novel’s debt towards the one from across the Atlantic, we hope to confer all its significance to this dazzling American moment that establishes the transition between the changes made by the avant gardes in the twenties and the ones undertaken by the New Novelists
Béhotéguy, Gilles. "Livres, lectures et lecteurs dans le roman contemporain français pour la jeunesse (1980-2005)." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20044.
Full textOver the last 25 years, the number of albums and novels in children’s literature that represent books, writers, reading scene in fiction has notably increased. Does this fact lead to the conclusion that literature is a thrilling subject for young people or has it so desperately deserted their cares that authors feel the urge to emphasize it? Our research tries to understand the representation of literature in French contemporary novels for teenagers. It tries to bring out the social, cultural and economic background from where this representation was created and to question its contradictions in the period 1980-2005 between speeches about illiteracy, the rise of the edition for the youth and the quest of legitimacy led by a new wave of writers. In between two postures developed in the fiction, “to read or not to read?” , the French novel for teenagers reveals generic, aesthetic and cultural standards that lead the reader to a reflexion about what is literature. Nevertheless, those novels together lettered and playful reveal also the present time anxiety and confusion that shows over contemporary literature. Author’s anxiety while obsessed with the Great Writer’s figure, anxiety about the inconstant young reader so hard to seduce, anxiety at last of a disoriented post-modern literature seeking values in its past to root its present. All signs of uneasiness that we have tried to embrace under a problematic : Written by troubled pens, what representation of the literature those novels intend to put forward their young readers?
Wagner, Frank. "Les romans métanarratifs au vingtième siècle." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20011.
Full textAlthough generally recognised today, the self-representative dimension of contemporary narrative texts is still the object of major conceptual and terminological divergences. The present thesis sets out to provide a theoretical model capable of taking into account rigourously nearly all the metatextual phenomena present in twentieth-century narrative fiction. The thesis begins with historical and critical analyses, attempting to pinpoint similar techniques in earlier narrative literature, from the Odyssey to Nana. This panorama is followed by a succinct synthesis and then by a series of critical analyses, founded primarily on the methods of modern poetics and designed to prove the diversity of the metatextual resources of four twentieth-century narratives : la Belle Hortense, Charrue, le Vol d'Icare and la Doublure de Magritte. These empirical studies are then analysed together, to synthesise their results, after which a conceptual and terminological overhaul is proposed, applying Bernard Magne's theories to two texts written by Marcel Benabou. This having been accomplished, it was possible to elaborate a theoretical model of the metatextual, the resulting taxonomy being based upon inductive reasoning. The general account of the metatextual originally planned is made possible by the interplay of the different parameters involved and then put to the test empirically to confirm its validity. It is in the hope of rendering this research appropriate to the nature of its object that a "narrative commentary of the critical route followed" is then provided, completed symmetrically by "indications for future lines of research" ; this conclusion is designed to be dynamic and open, like the introduction which it echoes
Leroy, Commerot Hélène. "De la notion de marge en littérature italienne moderne et contemporaine." Grenoble 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE39045.
Full textThe purpose of the present synthesis is a reflexion upon a collection of various articles and essays on literary forms of narrative thus far unrecognized by the literary and intellectual establishment. It consists in four major illustrations of the topic: 1) a socio-historical testimony, a best-seller in 1864, : enrichetta caracciolo's memoirs, a former benedictine nun; 2) a perspective of present italian para-literature; 3) a sample of the popular press in florence between the two world wars: la farfalla (1921-1933); 4) the complete failure of a literary career: the case of alfredo mori (1878-1948), a friend of g. Papini and g. Prezzolini. Through the study of the mechanisms of the various marginalizing processes usually caused by the institution (more specifically social and sexual discrimination of reader as well as of writer), this dissertation which is also based upon many examples borrowed from the italian and french literatures, is designed to show what was meant, down to the senenties, by the notion of "margin" as far as the literary field in the strict sense of the word was concerned. In an apparently reversed situation, but in fact perfectly logical as regards the recent evolution of the book market, this notion should now be applied, not to the fast
Chaudré, Anne-Cécile. "La mythologie du vêtement dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Cohen." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040238.
Full textThis thesis will examine the representation of clothing and the way it is worn in the four novels of Albert Cohen. Solal, Mangeclous, Belle du Seigneur and Les Valeureux make up a complete cycle united by the symbolism of dress. The author has the passion of a great couturier for clothes, and it is as they are dressed that the reader recalls the principal characters in these works. It is thus that the reader feels that he knows them, because the characters and their clothing leave him with an impression of intimacy. Ariane and her sail-like dress flapping in the wind, Solal and his sumptuous dressing gowns, Saltiel and his stockings of dusty rose. In these works, the outfit makes the character, and finally one discovers a garment which is the stuff of heroes. The objective of this thesis is to show that Cohen's entire fictional wardrobe is governed by the principles of symmetry, contrast and hierarchy which amount to a system of mythology. This thesis will study dress in its relationship with words, with language and with literary creation, then as an essential component in the tangled threads which gradually become the fictional community and, finally, for its different symbolic meanings and sentimental destiny. In discovering the rules and original structure, one must demonstrate finally that clothing is one of the fundamental sources for the Cohen dream-world. In the labyrinthine collection which constitutes these four novels, Ariane, a character indisputably passionate about dress, invites one, even by her name, to seize the thread and follow the trail through these works
CHEBIL, BEN SALEM AMEL. "Typologie et poetique de l'incipit dans la fiction narrative du xixe et du xxe siecles." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR20012.
Full textThis thesis is situated in the field of the theory of the text, more precisely in this critical mouvement, specialised in the analysis of the elements of the beginning and the end of the narrative. It is particularly dedicatec to the matter of the beginning of the narrative in the novel of the 2nd half of the 20th century and of the first half of the 20th century. We will first try define the beginning of the novel. It is a field, which vary from a novel to another. It raises the problem of the demarcation of the beginning of the text. In the second part of the thesis, we will try to draw a poetic of the beginning, analysing the different fonctions and strategies : the fonction of the "codification", the fonctions of information and orientation, the fonction of seduction, the fonction of the "dramatisation", finally the fonction of deconstruction and of parody of the traditionnal beginning of the novel. This latter fonction is generally found in the novels written by authors of the rebellious movement of the "nouveau roman". The third part of the thesis is dedicated, on the one hand, to analyse the connection between the different parts of the text, especially the ones that the beginning of a text has with other structures of the novel (elements around the text and the closure) it is dedicated, on the other hand, to situate the beginning of a text in its connections between the different novels of various novelists, to define a poetic of the beginning, which passes through all the novels of the same author (actually emile zola et louis aragon). The conclusion is thematic : it deals with the typology of the beginnings of the tyextx, which still raises a problem and i open on other inaugural schemes, which are not categoried. Beyond the efforts of the theorisation, which ains at reduce the beginning of the text to a normative rhetoric of the inauguration. Each beginning of a text has to be studied in relation to the aesthetic and the stake of its novel. With the evolution and involution of the novel, we are faced to the beginning of the text which passes out to all the attemps of theorisation and typology (confer to novels by claude simon)
Louâpre, Muriel. "La manière noire, le mal à l'oeuvre dans le roman naturaliste et décadent." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR2035.
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