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Journal articles on the topic 'Rolling Rotor Motor'
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1
Pavlenko, Tatyana, Оleksandr Petrenko, Viacheslav Shavkun, and Ivan Aharkov. "Development of a mathematical model of the trolleybus steering system using a rolling rotor switched reluctance motor." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 4 (July 23, 2021): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2021.001938.
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An important part of the overall task of social and economic development of many developed countries is the creation of a unique transport infrastructure or improvement of transport services for the population.
The cumulative solution to many problems is to improve the quality and reliability of elements and equipment in any vehicle design. This determines its efficient operation and the safety of passengers.
A common urban electric transport in megacities is a trolleybus, the reliability of which depends on individual components and assemblies, power supply systems and traffic control.
But this type of transport requires modern scientific and technical solutions for the design of individual components and assemblies, for example, steering, which is directly related to the safe and comfortable transportation of passengers.
An innovative technical solution has been proposed that will increase the energy efficiency of the trolleybus steering system through the use of an electric power steering based on a rolling rotor electric motor. The analysis of the design is carried out and the principle of control of the rolling rotor motor is determined. Functional diagrams of the components of the trolleybus steering system with an electric power steering based on a rolling rotor motor are developed. The electromagnetic and mechanical connections of the motor with the rolling rotor are determined and mathematically described. Factors affecting the steering system when turning the steered wheels are reasoned. A mathematical model of a trolleybus steering system with an electric booster based on an electric rolling rotor motor has been developed. The mathematical model is based on the differential equations of the electrical and mechanical parts. Algebraic equations were used to characterize the electromagnetic connections of the rolling rotor motor. The proposed solution will allow simulating dynamic processes in the trolleybus steering system and evaluating the results. Determination of the efficiency of the steering system was carried out by comparative analysis of the following factors: the control action created by the driver, the condition of the road surface, dynamic and transient electromechanical processes of the system, and the like
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Aharkov, I. "SIMULATION OF TROLLEBUS STEERING SYSTEM WITH ELECTRIC POWER STEERING BASED ON ROLLING ROTOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies" 1, no. 38 (December 24, 2021): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2021-38-88-8.
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The analysis of power steering which used on modern rolling stock is carried out. Their main shortcomings are identified. Given the requirements for the steering of trolleybuses, a solution to increase its efficiency is proposed. Based on the developed mathematical model and functional diagrams of the trolleybus steering system with a electric power steering based on rolling rotor switched reluctance motor, a simulation model of trolleybus steering was created using the Matlab Simulink package. The peculiarity of the simulation model is taking into account the mass and size characteristics of the rolling stock, the parameters of the suspension of the steered axle, the impact of the road surface and the speed of the trolleybus, changes in the parameters of the electric motor magnetic system during operation. The rolling rotor switched reluctance motor which is offered for use as the electric power steering of the LAZ E183D1 trolleybus is calculated. The calculation of the magnetic system of the engine by the finite element method with the subsequent approximation of the obtained results is carried out. With the help of the developed simulation model the simulation of the trolleybus steering system with electric power steering based on rolling rotor switched reluctance motor was performed. Time diagrams of transients in the trolleybus steering system are obtained and their processing and analysis are carried out.
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Yang, Yong Ming, Jiu Chuan Chen, Feng Wen Cheng, and Jun Zhao. "Study on the Forming Mechanism for Second Step on Hollow Rotor Shaft by 4-Roll Cross Wedge Rolling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 288 (February 2013): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.288.271.
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It is very important for accurately grasping stress, strain, and metal flow during the hollow motor shaft rolling, and it is also foundation of forming regularity, rolling force and energy parameter. The cross wedge rolling process of hollow motor shaft was simulated through rigid-plastic finite element software deform-3D. According to the simulation results, the distribution of internal stress, strain field inside the second step of the motor shaft had been obtained, revealed the metal flow ruler for the second step during forming process and it could effected on the metal flow ruler for the first step.
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Polevskii, V. I., and A. V. Sapsalev. "Superhigh-vacuum linear asynchronous motor with rolling rotor and magnetic-flux concentrators." Russian Engineering Research 29, no. 3 (March 2009): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x09030022.
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Khamidov, O. R., and A. V. Grishchenko. "Locomotive asynchronous traction motor rolling bearing fault detection based on current intelligent methods." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 042084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/4/042084.
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Abstract The paper is devoted to current issues of locomotive asynchronous traction motor (ATEM) fault detection using neural networks. Developed sophisticated intelligent methods for monitoring and inspecting the technical condition of ATE bearings. Current absorption spectra are analysed to assess the technical condition of the induction bearing units. The mechanical vibration frequencies of a squirrel cage induction motor are presented. The method of artificial neural networks which are universal approximators and can effectively and efficiently solve problems of monitoring and diagnostics of technical condition of locomotive induction traction motors is applied. A neural network model and framework for monitoring the technical condition of ATED bearings has been developed. They are based on rules and user-provided facts to recognise the situation, make a diagnosis, formulate a solution or make a recommendation. The main failures of the bearing units of squirrel cage ATED are analysed. A methodology has been developed to build a neural network model of the ATED. The structure and architecture of the artificial neural network is defined. An experimental research has been conducted. The results enable the determination of bearing faults in asynchronous traction motors with squirrel cage rotor.
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Grishchenko, A. V., and M. A. Shrajber. "Simulation of thermal processes in asynchronous traction electric motor of a locomotive." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 042088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/4/042088.
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Abstract This article analyzes the problem of increasing the reliability of AC traction electric machines installed on traction rolling stock. In the course of the study, a finite element model of thermal processes was built, and the thermal state of an asynchronous traction motor (ATED) of a diesel locomotive was studied in the Solid Works program. The basic method for studying thermal processes in ATED was the finite element method (FEM), as well as the basic equations of heat transfer and the theory of heating a multicomponent solid. The constructed finite element model of the ATED rotor of a diesel locomotive makes it possible to determine the dependence of the temperature values of the rotor elements on the current flowing through them. The obtained values of the temperature distribution of the ATED squirrel-cage rotor are recommended to be taken into account in the design, manufacture and testing of AC electric machines of diesel locomotives.
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Bifeng, Zhou, Tang Guoning, and Luo Yiping. "Dynamics modeling and analysis of the permanent-magnet synchronous motors bearing-rotor-magnetic field under rotor demagnetize." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 6 (June 2021): 168781402110254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211025413.
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For the phenomenon of rotor demagnetization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM), studying the dynamic modeling and analysis of demagnetization rotor. Firstly, considering the unbalanced magnetic pulling (UMP) of the rotor under the demagnetization and the nonlinear Hertz contact generated by the rolling bearing, the double rectangular coordinate system of the stator and rotor is constructed, and the mathematical model of the unbalanced magnetic pull UMP is constructed with the rectangular coordinate as the variable. Then, the dynamics Jeffcott model of the bearing-rotor- magnetic fields coupling system in the condition of demagnetization is established. Based on this, the demagnetization status of permanent magnet in PMSM is described from three aspects: (1) rotor offset caused by demagnetization, (2) demagnetization angle, (3) decrease of air-gap MMF at the demagnetization angle. Through the analysis, it is found that there is a “saddle” point in the bifurcation plots of the rotor system with the change of demagnetization angle. The position of the “saddle” point in the bifurcation plots with the change of demagnetization angle is related to the speed. The research results of this paper provide a theoretical basis for demagnetization quantitative diagnosis and demagnetization vibration control of permanent magnet synchronous motor.
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Єгоров, Андрій Володимирович, Олексій Олександрович Дунєв, Андрій Михайлович Маслєнніков, and Володимир Данилович Юхимчук. "High-torque low-speed electric motor with a rolling rotor, as an alternative to existing gear motors." Bulletin of NTU "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" Series: Electrical Machines and Electromechanical Energy Conversion, no. 4 (1329) (April 23, 2019): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2409-9295.2019.4.12.
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Lingaitis, Leonas Povilas, and Lionginas Liudvinavičius. "ELECTRIC DRIVES OF TRACTION ROLLING STOCKS WITH AC MOTORS." TRANSPORT 21, no. 3 (September 30, 2006): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638070.
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The paper considers the variation of circuit design of the electric drives in traction rolling stocks when traditional DC electric machines are replaced with AC electric machines. Simplified circuit diagrams of the electric drives using electric machines of non‐commutator type are offered. Operational defects of DC traction engines are weighed against some positive characteristics of direct current series excitation in traction engines, determining their extensive use in the electric drives of traction rolling stocks. However, the rapid development of semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristors and IGBT transistors, led to the creation of a great variety of semiconductor inverters. This made it possible to develop an autonomous three‐phase power supply system for diesel locomotives and algorithms for the AC traction motors and to obtain engine characteristics matching the tractive force by using voltage frequency and current inverters. A mathematical justification of the engine torque and tractive force control as well as its particular characteristics is provided. The graphs demonstrating the particular ways of changing the electrical parameters of an asynchronous motor with a squirrel‐cage rotor are also presented.
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Stammler, Matthias, Fabian Schwack, Norbert Bader, Andreas Reuter, and Gerhard Poll. "Friction torque of wind-turbine pitch bearings – comparison of experimental results with available models." Wind Energy Science 3, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-97-2018.
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Abstract. Pitch bearings of wind turbines are large, grease-lubricated rolling bearings that connect the rotor blades with the rotor hub. They are used to turn the rotor blades to control the power output and/or structural loads of the turbine. Common actuators turning the blades are hydraulic cylinders or electrical motor–gearbox combinations. In order to design pitch actuator systems that are able to turn the blades reliably without imposing an excessive power demand, it is necessary to predict the friction torque of pitch bearings for different operating conditions. In this paper, the results of torque measurements under load are presented and compared to results obtained using different calculation models. The results of this comparison indicate the various sources of friction that should be taken into account for a reliable calculation model.
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Alshorman, Omar, and Ahmad Alshorman. "A review of intelligent methods for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of stator and rotor faults of induction machines." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2820. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp2820-2829.
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Nowadays, induction motor (IM) is extensively used in industry, including mechanical and electrical applications. However, three main types of IM faults have been discussed in the literature, bearing, stator, and rotor. Importantly, stator and rotor faults represent approximately 50%. Traditional condition monitoring (CM) and fault diagnosis (FD) methods require a high processing cost and much experience knowledge. To tackle this challenge, artificial intelligent (AI) based CM and FD techniques are extensively developed. However, there have been many review research papers for intelligent CM and FD machine learning methods of rolling elements bearings of IM in the literature. Whereas there is a lack in the literature, and there are not many review papers for both stator and rotor intelligent CM and FD. Thus, the proposed study's main contribution is in reviewing the CM and FD of IM, especially for the stator and the rotor, based on AI methods. The paper also provides discussions on the main challenges and possible future works.
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Стриженок, Александр, Aleksandr Strizhenok, Владимир Воробьев, Vladimir Vorobev, Олег Измеров, and Oleg Izmerov. "SEARCH OF NEW DESIGN SCHEMES OF GEARED AND DIRECT-DRIVE TRACTION MECHANISM OF LOCOMOTIVE WITH MASS PARTIAL SPRINGING." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18171.
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The problem of search new design schemes of a traction mechanism for a locomotive with mass drive partial springing is under consideration. New design schemes are offered: a drive with a movable joint of a drive motor and an axial reducing gear and a drive with a disk motor with the separation of a stator and rotor. The authors offer to return to the development of supportframe drives with an axial reducing gear as it is simpler in manufacturing and assemblage on the basis of updated data of their operating modes. The authors also offer their own design of an integrated traction drive with a swivel of a motor and reducing gear which is simpler in manufacturing and assemblage as compared with the foreign analogues.
The introduction of nonsynchronous traction electric motors having a smaller mass and higher reliability as compared with commutator motors resulted in new designs of a supportaxial drive by foreign manufacturers and their introduction in the market of domestic rolling-stock. This work shows an attempt to determine possibilities to eliminate dependence mentioned by means of the analysis of basic problems in the development of supportaxial drive design and new structural scheme searches.
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Kulinich, Yu M., S. A. Shukharev, and A. V. Gulyaev. "Increasing the energy efficiency of auxiliary machines of AC electric locomotive." VNIIZHT Scientific Journal 80, no. 5 (October 26, 2021): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2021-80-5-276-284.
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Currently, an asynchronous variable frequency drive based on semiconductor converters is widely used due to the relative simplicity and reliability of the design. The use of digital microprocessor systems ensures high accuracy and flexibility of drive control. On the domestic rolling stock, the widespread introduction of asynchronous motors began to replace DC traction motors with sequential excitation. In particular, scalar-controlled asynchronous motors are used on serially produced 2TE25A diesel locomotives and EP20 electric locomotives. The auxiliary asynchronous machines of these locomotives are controlled by the vector control method. The use of a new type of engine on the rolling stock makes it possible to achieve a significant increase in the quality of consumed energy and reduce the consumption of electricity for traction of trains. Ensuring the energy efficiency of the drive in a wide range of loads requires further research. In this regard, the issue of saving energy resources becomes very urgent. The article proposes a vector control scheme for asynchronous motors of auxiliary machines of an electric locomotive, which implements an extreme method of control according to the criterion of minimizing the consumed current. The analysis of the engine operation is carried out based on its mathematical model in a rotating coordinate system d — q, which is implemented in the MatLab/Simulink software package. As a result of simulation modeling, it was found that the extreme control system with a variable step allows for each fixed value of the electromagnetic moment of the motor in the minimum time to find the optimal (extreme) value of the magnetic flux of the motor rotor, which corresponds to the minimum value of the stator current. The developed model of the motor with vector control is supplemented with an extreme regulator device, which allows achieving the best energy performance of the motor and reducing electrical losses in all operating modes with a minimum search time. The presented research results can be used in the development of energy-saving control systems for an asynchronous motor.
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Kulinchenko, G. V., A. M. Maslennikov, and V. A. Baguta. "RESEARCH OF DYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF THE ELECTRIC DRIVE ON THE BASIS OF ROLLING ROTOR MOTOR." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 6 (December 16, 2016): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2016.6.02.
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Bolshakov, V. I., K. P. Lopatenko, A. M. Yunakov, and A. A. Chernyshev. "Mathematical and software for the study of the dynamics of the finished rolling mill block wire mill." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, no. 32 (2018): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2018-32-394-401.
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The aim of the work is the development of mathematical and software for the study of transients arising from the management of the finishing unit of the mill of the rolling mill 150. The movements, speeds, accelerations and torques in various connections of the finishing unit were studied. The linear mechanical analogue in the form of an extensive system of discrete masses connected by elastic-dissipative elements was used to estimate the integral characteristics of the block load. Block design calculations include engines, a distribution gearbox, two transmission shafts for rolling rolls of horizontal and vertical stands of the block. The mathematical model for analyzing the oscillation frequencies of a block is represented by a system of second-order linear differential equations. The equations for changing the drive current in the armature circuit of the motor and in the excitation circuit, equalizing the motion of the armature (rotor) of the electric motor, the equations for determining the motor torque are presented. . According to the results of studies of the mill 150, the range of rolling speeds outside the resonant zones was established and the possibility of increasing the rolling speed by 10% was justified. Analysis of the frequencies, the level and nature of dynamic loads allowed us to develop a technical solution to reduce the dynamics of the drive line by changing the gear ratio of the gearbox. The study of the dynamics of the rolling unit of the first in Ukraine high-speed double-strand wire mill 150, put into operation at the Makeevka metallurgical combine, allowed an objective assessment of the optimality of the design parameters of its equipment, reliability and guaranteed life.
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Skora, Marcin, Pawel Ewert, and Czeslaw T. Kowalski. "Selected Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnostic Methods in Wheel Embedded Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motors." Energies 12, no. 21 (November 5, 2019): 4212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12214212.
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In recent years, the number of outer rotor permanent magnet brushless direct current (PM BLDC) motor drives has been intensively growing. Due to the specifics of drive operation, bearing faults are especially common, which results in motor stoppage. In a number of these types of motor applications, the monitoring and diagnostics of bearing conditions is relatively rare. This article presents the results of research aimed at searching for simple and simultaneously effective methods for assessing the condition of bearings that can be built into the drive control system. In the experimental research, four vibration signal processing methods were analysed with regards to the identification accuracy of fault symptoms in the geometric elements of bearings (characteristic frequencies). The results are presented for three cases of bearing faults and compared with a new bearing, they were obtained based on a vibration signal analysis using the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT), Fourier transform of signal absolute values, Fourier transform of an envelope signal obtained using the Hilbert transform, and the Fourier transform of a signal filtered with the Teager–Kaiser energy operator (TKEO).
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Kulinich, Yu M., S. A. Shukharev, V. K. Dukhovnikov, and A. V. Gulyaev. "Modeling vector control of the asynchronous drive of electric rolling stock auxiliary machines." Russian Railway Science 81, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-1-23-30.
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Introduction. The development of power semiconductor devices and technology served the basis for fundamentally new types of frequency-controlled electric drives with traction asynchronous motors on the rolling stock of electrified railways. Therefore, problems of theoretical and experimental study of the operating modes of the mentioned drives become actual. This article is a theme continuation of the asynchronous machines control on the AC locomotive, which was presented in no. 5 of Russian Railway Scientific Journal in 2021.Materials and methods. For analysing the frequency converter operation, the authors used mathematical modeling methods, which allowed evaluating the motor operation in various modes without resorting to time-consuming full-scale tests. Recently, software packages for visual programming have been developed, aimed mainly at domestic users, which are not inferior in their capabilities to leading foreign counterparts. Among such software products is SimInTech software for modeling technical systems, developed by 3V Service. The software focuses on solving various applied problems, particularly, on modeling a vector control system for an asynchronous drive.Results. The authors developed a mathematical model of an asynchronous drive of auxiliary machines of an electric locomotive in a rotating coordinate system d – q by the SimInTech application package and concerning the cross-impact influence of d and q control channels.Discussion and conclusion. The developed complex of an asynchronous motor and a vector control system enable to work out various algorithms for improving the energy efficiency of the operation of asynchronous auxiliary machines of an electric locomotive by applying the proposed algorithm for choosing the optimal value of the rotor flux linkage. The presented vector control structure also enables to implement it on the basis of modern microcontrollers, helping to reduce programming time.
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Titova, T. S., A. M. Evstaf’ev, and A. A. Pugachev. "Improving the energy efficiency of electric drives for auxiliary units of traction rolling stock." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 042085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/4/042085.
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Abstract The review of technical solutions and schematic characteristics of auxiliary drives for traction vehicles has shown that the most rational variant is an electric drive with an induction machine. Given the operating modes of the auxiliary drives and the share of their power consumption in the total locomotive power, the task of using scalar control systems for induction machines becomes relevant. Based on a mathematical model describing the dynamic energy conversion processes in the T-shape substitution circuit of an induction motor, taking into account stator steel losses and current displacement effects in the rotor winding and saturation along the main magnetic path, possibilities for reducing stator current have been investigated. In order to improve the energy efficiency of electric drives two variants of control system have been proposed. One based on search method of self-tuning to the stator current minimum and the other - on maintaining the power factor of induction motor at the level that ensures equality of active and reactive components of stator current. The hardware and software requirements for implementing control systems have been analysed. Modelling using Matlab has shown that both control systems work - power loss reduction can be as low as 50% and as high as 60% in certain modes.
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Hu, Dongmei, Peiyun Xu, Cheng Cao, Xiaojun Yan, Zhihong Hu, Zhihuan Song, and Huibin Li. "Experimental research on the sound recognition of the electric vehicle motor." MATEC Web of Conferences 309 (2020): 03033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202030903033.
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By synthetically applying order tracking method and acoustic holography method, the noise source of the electric vehicle motor was discerned in the bench test. According to profiling of the test data, the motor noise order tracking diagrams and sound holography contour maps were employed to draw the noise map of the electric vehicle motor. It was revealed that the low and medium frequency components of the motor’s noise are mainly related to the rotational passing frequency of the bearing rolling element and cage, as well as the doubling frequencies of the rotational frequencies of the rotor. The medium and high frequency components of motor’s noise are mainly related to motor’s loads and speeds. In the 1000-2500 r/min speed stage of the motor with load, the main order of motor’s noise is the 72nd order and in the speed stage of 3000-5000 r/min, motor’s noise is mainly the 15th, 18th and 26th orders. When the motor speed increases from 5000r/min to 8000r/min, the main order of motor’s noise is the fourth order. When the motor was accelerated in no-load operation, its noise characteristics are different from those of the motor with load. When the motor run at no load and low speed, the 16th and 72nd order are the main order of motor noise, while at high speed, the 2nd order of motor noise and the orders of motor switching frequency noise caused by frequency converter are the main order of motor noise. The above conclusions will give the assistance to further research on the acoustic characteristic of the electric vehicle motor.
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Ewert, Pawel, Czeslaw T. Kowalski, and Teresa Orlowska-Kowalska. "Low-Cost Monitoring and Diagnosis System for Rolling Bearing Faults of the Induction Motor Based on Neural Network Approach." Electronics 9, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091334.
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In this article, a low-cost computer system for the monitoring and diagnosis of the condition of the induction motor (IM) rolling bearings is demonstrated and tested. The system allows the on-line monitoring of the IM bearings and subsequent fault diagnostics based on analysis of the vibration measurement data. The evaluation of the bearing condition is made by a suitably trained neural network (NN), on the basis of the spectral and envelope analysis of the mechanical vibrations. The system was developed in the LabVIEW environment in such a way that it could be run on any PC. The functionality of the application has been tested on a real object. The study was conducted on a low-power IM equipped with a set of specially prepared bearings so as to model the different damages. In the designed computer system, a selected NN for detecting and identifying the defects of individual components of the induction motor’s bearings was implemented. The training data for NNs were obtained from real experiments. The magnitudes of the characteristic harmonics, obtained from the spectral analysis and the envelope analysis, were used for training and testing the developed neural detectors based on Matlab toolbox. The experimental test results of the developed monitoring and diagnosis system are presented in the article. The evaluation of the system’s ability to detect and identify the defects of individual components of bearings, such as the rolling element, and outer race and inner race, was made. It was also shown that the developed NN-based detectors are insensitive to other motor faults, such as short-circuits of the stator winding, broken rotor bars or motor misalignment.
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Sharma, Amandeep, Lini Mathew, Shantanu Chatterji, and Deepam Goyal. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Fault Diagnosis for Condition Monitoring of Electric Motors." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 13 (May 11, 2020): 2059043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420590430.
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In the era of globalization, manufacturing industries are facing intense pressure to prevent unexpected breakdowns, reduce maintenance cost and increase plant availability. Induction motors are the most sought-after prime movers in modern-day industries due to their robustness. Recently, research has picked up a fervent pace in the area of fault diagnosis of electrical machines. This paper presents the application of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based system to diagnose the vibration and Instantaneous Power (IP)-based responses of rolling element bearings and broken rotor bars in an induction motor. The dimensionality of the extracted features was reduced using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and thereafter the selected features were ranked in order of relevance using the Sequential Floating Forward Selection (SFFS) method for reducing the size of input features and finding the most optimal feature set. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of SVM and ANN is carried out using statistical parameters extracted from vibration and IP signals. The highest accuracy of 92.5% and 98.2% was achieved for vibration and IP signatures, respectively, using the proposed SFFS-based feature selection technique and ANN classification method. The results reveal that ANN has better performance than SVM and the proposed strategy can be used for automatic recognition of machine faults. The use of this type of intelligent system helps in avoiding unwanted and unplanned system shutdowns due to the failure of the motor.
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Shatokhin, Vladimir, Boris Granko, and Vladimir Sobol. "VIBRATION PROCESSES MODELING IN A PERISTALTIC CONCRETE PUMP WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 2(97) (August 27, 2020): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-2-3.
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The research results of the mathematical model development of dynamic processes in a peristaltic concrete pump with a hydraulic drive are presented. Cast concrete occupies a leading place in modern construction. Peristaltic concrete pumps are good proved in this area. Developing of devices for performance of such activities is an actual task. One of contemporary efficient directions in its solving is an adequate modeling of dynamic processes in mentioned devices. The model is development in the form of a differential equation for rotation angle of the pump rotor; contains general geometric characteristics, rotor’s mass characteristics, dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic motor, parameters of the hose and a structural mix. A method has been developed for the resistance torque forming to rotation of the pump rotor from rollers deforming the hose. A model of the friction forces during the movement of the structural mix is proposed. An expression is obtained for the resistance forces as result of gravity forces action on the mix particles in the outlet part of the hose. An approach is proposed for using catalog data to represent the torque of a hydraulic motor as a function of the angular velocity of its rotor. Researches of dynamic processes by using the proposed model are carried out. Important technological regularities of the unit functioning have been established, in particular: the mortar speed may have a significant variable component; the mortar speed and the pump performance increase with a decrease in the length of the outlet hose and a decrease in its height, a decrease in the rolling friction coefficients for the rollers, and not using of the side rollers. The conducted research show that an increase of an altitude leads to a decrease in the average speed of the mixture and the frequency of pulsations. In this case the amplitude of velocity pulsations increases. With an increase in the length of a deferent hose, the amplitude of velocity pulsations changes insignificantly. The rejection of side rollers leads to an increase in the average speed of the mixture motion with minor pulsations. The walls of the hose, however, in this case experience more intense bending stresses, which reduce the product life of the hose.
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Kozhevnikov, A. V., and N. P. Brevnov. "Elaboration of forecasting methods of analysis of metallurgical facilities electric drives technical state." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 77, no. 9 (September 21, 2021): 1033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-9-1033-1038.
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To prevent losses of equipment downtime, analytical algorithms and data of automated control systems sensors are used to estimate time to the equipment failure approach. It was shown that modern technical systems, such as automated electric drives are equipped by measuring devices which allow to accomplish self-diagnostic of the system in real time mode at existing methods of data processing and analysis. This approach is more effective than traditional methods of diagnostic and does not include additional capital expenses for specialized diagnostic equipment and personal qualification. Hypothesis of forecasting of electromechanical driving system state was elaborated and checked for continuous rolling mill runaway roller, based on character of loading modes by using only one parameter – the electric motor current. Based on the data analysis of wide strip rolling mill 2000 runaway rollers operation, normalized curves of distribution of average values of the runaway roller drive current at its normal operation and origination of a malfunction were built. It was shown that a technical system state change is fixed at appearance of a deviation of load current distribution comparing with a standard deviation. Analysis of dynamics of a statistical parameter, the standard error (the difference between actual and standard distribution) at a transition process allowed to make a forecast of roller jamming several days before the malfunction took place. The proposed approach of equipment state estimation can become a base for elaboration of a principally new methods of diagnostic of metallurgical rotor equipment.
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Gu, Jun, Yuxing Peng, Hao Lu, Shuang Cao, and Bobo Cao. "Fault Diagnosis of Spindle Device in Hoist Using Variational Mode Decomposition and Statistical Features." Shock and Vibration 2020 (September 23, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8849513.
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By analyzing nonlinear and nonstationary vibration signals from the spindle device of the mine hoist, it is a challenge to overcome the difficulty of fault feature extraction and accurately identify the fault of rotor-bearing system. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a new approach based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), SVM, and statistical characteristics such as variance contribution rate (VCR), energy entropy (EE), and permutation entropy (PE). Comparisons have gone to evaluate the performance of rolling bearing defect by using EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition), MEEMD (Modified Ensemble EMD), BP (Back Propagation) network, single or multiple statistical characteristics, and different motor loads. The experiment was carried out on the mechanical failure simulator of the main shaft device of the hoist, which verified the reliability and effectiveness of the method. The results show that the diagnosis method is suitable for feature extraction of bearing fault signals, with the highest diagnosis accuracy. It can provide a good practical reference for the fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment of the hoist spindle device and has certain practical value.
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SZYCA, MIKOŁAJ. "ANALYSIS OF THE BMA K2400 VERTICAL CENTRIFUGE TURBINE IN TERMS OF BALANCING AND VIBRATION DIAGNOSTICS." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-71-80.
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Physical damage to a material is a diffuse defect in the form of vacancies, microcracks, micro-voids or damaged micro-volumes, which reduce the effective or load-bearing part of the material. Surface fatigue defects, such as deformation and cracks, occur in the bearing during the load transfer. Imbalance is a practical problem in the operation of many rotating machines, causing not only increased vibration of the machine, but also leading to accelerated wear of the rotor bearings. The subject of this work is the analysis of the dynamics of the BMA K2400 centrifuge in terms of the possibility of correcting the balance in the given dynamic state. The paper describes the individual stages of solving the problem of excessive machine vibrations, assuming that its bearings were replaced before the diagnostic test. As a result of the lack of effects after replacing the motor bearings and after analyzing the vibration measurement results presented in article, a decision was made to inspect the centrifuge bearings. The diagnostics was performed again, but it concerned only the bearing node No. 1 with the disassembled basket. The measurements were performed using the DIAMOND 401 AX device, equipped with Wilcoxon 780B acceleration sensors with a sensitivity of 100mV/g. The appearance of a technological defect on the outer ring of the bearing, which is a friction pair with a housing, is not a typical damage for this type of machines and was an interesting problem. The consequence of the occurrence of bearing defects may be an increase in statistical values of the vibration signal and the appearance of new amplitudes in the FFT spectra. A vicious circle is created here, where bearings in poor dynamic condition increase the transmission of vibrations through the machine, and high vibrations accelerate the degradation of the bearings. The poor condition of rolling bearings may also prevent dynamic balancing of the rotor, and thus – lead to further propagation of bearing damage caused by an increased level of the machine’s own vibrations.
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Lopez-Ramirez, Misael, Rene J. Romero-Troncoso, Daniel Moriningo-Sotelo, Oscar Duque-Perez, David Camarena-Martinez, and Arturo Garcia-Perez. "Discriminating the lubrication condition from the rotor bearing fault in induction motors using Margenau-Hill frequency distribution and artificial neural networks." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 69, no. 6 (November 13, 2017): 970–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-08-2016-0177.
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Purpose About 13 to 44 per cent of motor faults are caused by bearing failures in induction motors (IMs), where lubrication plays a significant role in maintaining rotating equipment because it minimizes friction and prevents wear by separating parts that move next to each other, and more than 35 per cent of bearing failures can be attributed to improper lubrication. An excessive amount of grease causes the rollers or balls to slide along the race instead of turning, and the grease will actually churn. This churning action will eventually wear down the base oil of the grease and all that will be left to lubricate the bearing is a thickener system with little or no lubricating properties. The heat generated from the churning, insufficient lubricating oil will begin to harden the grease, and this will prevent any new grease added to the bearing from reaching the rolling elements, with the consequence of bearing failure and equipment downtime. Regarding the case of grease excess in bearings, this case has not been sufficiently studied. This work aims to present an effective methodology applied to the detection and automatic classification of mechanical bearing faults and bearing excessively lubricated conditions in an IM through the Margenau-Hill distribution (MHD) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), where the obtained results demonstrate the correct classification of the studied cases. Design/methodology/approach This work proposed an effective methodology applied to the detection and automatic classification of mechanical bearing faults and bearing excessively lubricated conditions in an IM through the MHD and ANNs. Findings In this paper, three cases of study for a bearing in an IM are studied, detected and classified correctly by combining some methods. The marginal frequency is obtained from the MHD, which in turn is achieved from the stator current signal, and a total of six features are estimated from the power spectrum, and these features are forwarded to the designed ANN with three output neurons, where each one represents a condition in the IM: healthy bearing, mechanical bearing fault and excessively lubricated bearing. Practical implications The proposed methodology can be applied to other applications; it could be useful to use a time–frequency representation through the MHD for obtaining the energy density distribution of the signal frequency components through time for analysis, evaluation and identification of faults or conditions in the IM for example; therefore, the proposed methodology has a generalized nature that allows its application for detecting other conditions or even multiple conditions under different working conditions by a proper calibration. Originality/value The lubrication plays a significant role in maintaining rotating equipment because it minimizes friction and prevents wear by separating parts that move next to each other, and more than 35 per cent of bearing failures can be attributed to improper lubrication and it negatively affects the efficiency of the motor, resulting in higher operating costs. Therefore, in this work, a new methodology is proposed for the detection and automatic classification of mechanical bearing faults and bearing excessively lubricated conditions in an IM through the MHD and ANNs. The proposed methodology uses a total of six features estimated from the power spectrum, and these features are sent to the designed ANN with three output neurons, where each one represents a condition in the IM: healthy bearing, mechanical bearing fault and excessively lubricated bearing. From the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the proposed approach achieves higher classification performance, compared to short-time Fourier transform, Gabor transform and Wigner-Ville distribution methods, allowing to identify mechanical bearing faults and bearing excessively lubricated conditions in an IM, with a remarkable 100 per cent effectiveness during classification for treated cases. Also, the proposed methodology has a generalized nature that allows its application for detecting other conditions or even multiple conditions under different working conditions by a proper calibration.
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Руденко, В. В., and В. П. Чернолихова. "АКУСТИЧНА ПОМІТНІСТЬ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ З СИЛОВОЮ УСТАНОВКОЮ, ЩО МІСТИТЬ ЕЛЕКТРОДВИГУН І ПОВІТРЯНИЙ ГВИНТ." Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, no. 88 (November 6, 2020): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2020.88.06.
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The presence in operation of many prototypes of UAVs with propeller propellers, the use of such devices at relatively low altitudes and flight speeds makes the problem of reducing the noise generated during UAV flights urgent both from the point of view of acoustic visibility and ecology.The main source of the UAV's acoustic signature is its power plant, which includes the engine and propeller.The tasks of this work, the solution of which requires the implementation of experimental studies, include the determination of the power, spatial and spectral characteristics of the acoustic fields of propeller driven power plants of UAVs with an electric drive. The propeller is one of the main sources of acoustic radiation produced by the power plant. The influence on the acoustic characteristics of the power plant was investigated: changes in the diameter of the propellers with a constant pitch, changes in the number of blades and the number of revolutions (peripheral speeds of the propeller). The possibility of reducing the noise produced by the propeller by changing the nature of the noise spectrum was considered. The rotor rotation noise, especially of its five first harmonics, is one of the most noticeable parts in the noise spectrum of a propeller engine installation. Therefore, a hypothesis was considered and put into practice to reduce the acoustic signature of UAVs by reducing the noise of these components due to their shift to the region of higher frequencies, at which sound vibrations in the air decay faster. A comparison technique is proposed. The measurements were carried out under static conditions, in the KhAI anechoic chamber. Note that the propellers involved in the experiments operated at Reynolds numbers (Re0.75 <1*105), which can significantly affect its aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics. An empirical formula was obtained for the 11 × 6" «Aero-naut» propeller, which makes it possible to estimate the noise produced by this propeller when designing for a given flight mode in a given direction. The possibility was considered in the future to have a database of frequently used propellers. The contribution of harmonic noise components was considered propeller in the direction of its radiation. The contribution of the brushless electric motor to the intensity of acoustic radiation of the UAV power plant is determined. It is noted that the main contribution to the noise of a power plant with a brushless electric motor is made by the propeller. At the same time, the noise of a brushless electric motor can significantly increase in the range of 2 ... 3 kHz with wear of rolling bearings.
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Joshi, Vrunda A., and Ravi N. Banavar. "Motion analysis of a spherical mobile robot." Robotica 27, no. 3 (May 2009): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574708004748.
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SUMMARYA path planning algorithm for a spherical mobile robot rolling on a plane is presented in this paper. The robot is actuated by two internal rotors that are fixed to the shafts of two motors. These are in turn mounted on the spherical shell in mutually orthogonal directions. The system is nonholonomic due to the nonintegrable nature of the rolling constraints. Further, the system cannot be converted into a chained form, and neither is it nilpotent nor differentially flat. So existing techniques of nonholonomic path planning cannot be applied directly to the system. The approach presented here uses simple geometrical notions and provides numerically efficient and intuitive solutions. We also present the dynamic model and derive motor torques for execution of the algorithm. Along the proposed paths, we achieve dynamic decoupling of the variables making the algorithm more suitable for practical applications.
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Tulupov, Viktor D., Mikhail A. Sleptsov, and Aleksandrs A. Briedis. "Ways to Improve the Reliability of Bearings in Traction Induction Machines." Vestnik MEI 2, no. 2 (2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-2-60-70.
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The problem of electric rolling stock traction machinery failures caused by electrical erosion of bearings is addressed. Damages inflicted to traction machinery bearings as a result of electric current flowing through them have been known since long ago. In recent time, however, damages of this kind have become more frequent, because frequency and voltage converters for control of three-phase inductor motors are widely used in the electric rolling stock. An overview of factors causing the occurrence of stray currents generated in frequency converter driven traction motors and sources of these currents is presented. Electric current flows through rolling bearings in the area of the contact between the rolling elements with inner and outer rings, thus causing damage to the bearing metal components' rolling surfaces and degrading the quality of lubricants. To study and analyze the currents through bearings, the stray capacitances existing in traction machines are determined, and their calculation methods are defined, the necessity of which is stemming from the fact that these capacitances influence the generation of parasitic currents. The stray capacitances in traction machines include the capacitance between the stator windings and the stator core pack, the capacitance between the stator windings and the rotor, the capacitance between the rotor and the stator core pack, and the capacitances of the bearings. From the electrical point of view, bearings may also be regarded as capacitances. As long as there is a continuous lubricant film between the inner ring and outer rings and the rolling elements, the bearings behave as capacitors. A difference of potentials across the bearing elements may lead to electrostatic discharges and, hence, to discharge currents through the bearings. One of possible ways to enhance the reliability of traction machine bearing units is to use insulated bearings. The change in the impedance of bearings with ceramic coating and hybrid rolling elements depending on the applied voltage frequency and operating temperature is calculated and analyzed. Conclusions regarding the expediency of using hybrid bearings having rings made of bearing steel and rolling elements made of bearing silicon nitride (Si3N4) are drawn.
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He, Hai Nan, Xiao Chen Wang, and Quan Yang. "High-Precision Section Control Technology for High-Strength Yoke Steel Strip." Materials Science Forum 944 (January 2019): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.944.212.
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The hot-rolled yoke steel plate is used in the manufacture of motor rotors for core components of large generators, which is required to ensure high strength and high-precision plate profile, especially the control of the thickness difference. High-precision cross-section control technology from rough rolling to finishing rolling for high-strength yoke steel is designed. First, through the varying contact backup roll technology and optimization of load distribution in the roughing stand, the profile of transfer bar is improved, which provides the basis for the strip shape control in the finishing mills. Secondly, the approximate rectangular section of a hot strip is obtained by high-precision shape setting and control model for finishing rolling, symmetrical variable taper work roll technology and smart shifting technology in the downstream stands. These methods solve the problem that the shape of the high-strength strip is difficult to control, and significantly enhance the shape regulation ability and control accuracy of the hot-rolled yoke. In addition, this technology has been applied to hot rolling mills with remarkable results and economic benefits.
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Formánek, Ivo, and Radim Farana. "Drive Dynamic Analysis – The Key to Optimal Drive Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 611 (August 2014): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.611.208.
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The paper presents concept and application of mathematical and simulation model of variable-speed drives (hereafter VSD or VSDs). The models were/are used in rolling mills engineering, commissioning and maintenance. The VSDs are the main actuators there. In order to reach optimal performance in terms of material tolerances, wear and tear, and reliability it is necessary to have good VSD control which meets not only technology targets but also properties of the VSD mechanical train (set of motor rotors, shafts, gear boxes, couplings, clutches, spindles, working and backup rolls, etc.). Only the optimal VSD control and appropriate operation and maintenance can ensure trouble-free operation and long lifetime of the VSDs. We have been dealing with the VSDs models since 1990. Since then we have used the models in many practical applications. Currently, we concentrate mainly on an optimal and advanced interstand section control. Apart from various PID control strategies, also Fuzzy control has been tested and analyzed. The paper mentions some of our experiences we have achieved in this area.
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Bradley, W. J., M. K. Ebrahimi, and M. Ehsani. "A General Approach for Current-Based Condition Monitoring of Induction Motors." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 136, no. 4 (April 28, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4026874.
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The development and validation of a novel current-based induction motor (IM) condition monitoring (CM) system is described. The system utilizes only current and voltage signals and conducts fault detection using a combination of model-based and model-free (motor current signature analysis) fault detection methods. The residuals (or fault indicator values) generated by these methods are analyzed by a fuzzy logic diagnosis algorithm that provides a diagnosis with regard to the health of the induction motor. Specifically, this includes an indication of the health of the major induction motor subsystems, namely the stator windings, the rotor cage, the rolling element bearings, and the air-gap (eccentricity). The paper presents the overall system concept, the induction motor models, development of parameter estimation techniques, fault detection methods, and the fuzzy logic diagnosis algorithm and includes results from 110 different test cases involving four 7.5 kW four pole squirrel cage motors. The results show good performance for the four chosen faults and demonstrate the potential of the system to be used as an industrial condition monitoring tool.
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Xu, Lizhong, and Huaiyong Li. "An Electromechanical Integrated Harmonic Piezodrive System." Journal of Mechanical Design 136, no. 3 (January 10, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4026262.
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An electromechanical integrated harmonic piezodrive system is proposed. The key of the proposed piezodrive system is the integration of the piezodrive principle with the harmonic drive and the movable tooth drive principles, which changes the sliding friction between the rotor and the vibrator into a rolling mesh. It can substantially increase the system's output torque, operating life, and efficiency. In this paper, the design of the drive system and its operating principles are presented. Under piezoelectric excitation, the deformation energy of the flexible ring was analyzed and the output torque of the drive system was calculated, revealing that the drive system produces a higher output torque than does a normal bar-type ultrasonic motor.
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Maršík, František, and Zdeněk Trávníček. "Rolling Turbines—Theoretical Considerations and Experimental Verification." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 144, no. 10 (March 2, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4053785.
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Abstract Rolling turbines are fluid motors that may be used in pico hydro applications at very small hydraulic heads of below 1 m and can operate even with untapped (waste) water. The present study proposes a theory of their operation, based on the hydrodynamic stability of vortices. A solid body vortex may be transformed due to viscosity into a more stable potential vortex. Circulation generated in the vortex core is transmitted to a rotor. The rotor, which is the key element, performs a precession motion, rotating concurrently around its axis while processing around another (precession) axis. The mechanical power output is drawn from the precession motion via a shaft. The theoretical results were experimentally validated with three variants of the rotors: one truncated cone and two spherical rotors. It was concluded that the tested rolling turbines operate with an efficiency of 43% to 48% at a hydraulic head of between 0.5 and 1.6 m.
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Shynkarenko, V. F., V. V. Naniy, V. V. Kotlyarova, and A. A. Dunev. "The genetic program of the structural evolution of electric motors with a rolling rotor." Electrical Engineering and Power Engineering, no. 2 (February 22, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-6761-2012-2-7.
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Jenkins, Tyler, Stefan Atay, Gregory D. Buckner, and Matthew Bryant. "Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimal Design of a Rolling-Flying Vehicle." Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, April 7, 2021, 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4050811.
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Abstract This work describes a design optimization framework for a rolling-flying vehicle consisting of a conventional quadrotor configuration with passive wheels. For a baseline comparison, the optimization approach is also applied for a conventional (flight-only) quadrotor. The vehicle range is maximized using a hybrid multi-objective genetic algorithm in conjunction with multi-physics system models. A low Reynolds-number blade element momentum theory aerodynamic model is used with a brushless DC motor model, a terramechanics model, and a vehicle dynamics model to simulate the vehicle range under any operating angle-of-attack and forward velocity. To understand the tradeoff between vehicle size and operating range, variations in Pareto-optimal designs are presented as functions of vehicle size. A sensitivity analysis is used to better understand the impact of deviating from the optimal vehicle design variables. This work builds on current approaches in quadrotor optimization by leveraging a variety of models and formulations from literature and demonstrating the implementation of various design constraints. It also improves upon current ad-hoc rolling-flying vehicle designs created in previous studies. Results show the importance of accounting for oft-neglected component constraints in the design of high range quadrotor vehicles. The optimal vehicle mechanical configuration is shown to be independent of operating point, stressing the importance of a well-matched, optimized propulsion system. By emphasizing key constraints that affect the maximum and nominal vehicle operating points, an optimization framework is constructed that can be used for RFVs and conventional multi-rotors.