Journal articles on the topic 'Rolling (Metal-work)'
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1
Urazov, V., A. D. Danilov, K. Yu Gusev, P. Yu Gusev, and D. N. Meshkov. "The rolling simulation for cold work metal hardening." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 042023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/4/042023.
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Abstract This article describes the results of a calculation and experimental analysis of destructive physical phenomena that appear in critical sections of industrial and power-related equipment, and lead to occurrence of various operational damages. It was shown that pipeline welded connections are the sections most prone to crack development, therefore the traditional strength calculations need to be combined with fracture mechanics criteria and thorough materials analysis of flawing and structural imperfection. The cold work hardening technique was proposed as a solution for the problem of critical sections performance property restoration. The technique uses surface plastic deformation phenomenon to change the material’s throughthickness stress distribution. In order to optimise surface hardening for welded connections prone to defect formation, we proposed a simulation for analysing an actual pipeline sections load. To assess the applicability of the simulation results, the cold work hardening technique was developed and introduced using a full-scale test sample for damaged areas of welded connections in ø426×40 vent pipes at Novovoronezh NPP Unit No.5.
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Ishchenko, Anatoliy, Viktor Artiukh, Vladlen Mazur, Albina Calimgareeva, and Miroslava Gusarova. "Experimental study of horizontal impact forces acting on equipment of thick sheet rolling stands during rolling." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 01041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823901041.
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Technical aspects, methods and results of experimental studies of reversing rolling stands details horizontal accelerations of thick sheet rolling mills 3000 and 3600 are shown. Sequence of horizontal movements of bottom work roll with chocks in windows of housings during normal metal-in, steady rolling and metal-out is given. Usage of obtained experimental data and calculation of horizontal forces of work rolls chocks impacts against housings provided execution of stress calculations of technical solutions for increase of rolling stands durability.
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Wang, Qiao Yi, Yao Zhu, Rui Jin Gao, and Yong Zhao. "Theoretical Study of the Dynamic Effects Based on Work-Roll Model in Metal Sheet Rolling Process." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.595.
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A new analytical model for the configuration of a four-high rolling mill stand is proposed in this article. Using the model, the dominant sources of stiffness in the fifth octave and the third octave models are identified. The assumptions made for the derivation of the model are that the work rolls are isotropic linear elastic, that there is no gap or separation between the work roll and the backup roll at all times. In addition, only the vertical interactions of the work roll and the roll-bite are considered. The nonlinear characteristics of this dynamic system are contributed from the contact area of the work roll and the backup roll. Analyses show that the natural frequency of the nonlinear analytical model matches the fifth octave rolling chatter, and the dominant parameters of the dynamic instability are characterized. The effects of inter-stand tensions, rolling speeds, friction between the work roll and the metal sheet roll-bite, and the thickness of the metal sheet on rolling chatter are discussed in the analysis of the dynamics of the rolling model.
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Chen, Jianjun, Chaojie Wu, and Jiacong Ying. "Application of Extended Finite Element Method for Studying Crack Propagation of Welded Strip Steel in the Cold Rolling Process." Materials 16, no. 17 (August 28, 2023): 5870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16175870.
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In the cold rolling process, edge cracks, particularly those near the welded zone, can inadvertently lead to strip rupture. This study employed the extended finite element method (XFEM) to analyze the crack propagation behavior in welded strip steel during cold rolling. Various tests such as the tensile test, essential work of fracture (EWF) test, spherical indentation method, and elastoplastic finite element simulations were conducted to determine the maximum principal stress and fracture energy utilized in XFEM for the base metal and weld metal, respectively. A continuous cold rolling model was established to investigate the crack propagation behaviors in the base metal, weld metal, and the interface between the base and weld metal. In the continuous rolling process, the crack propagation and expansion speed in the base metal are much larger than that of the weld zone. In addition, the base metal at the back end of the rolled piece is more prone to fracture than the base metal at the front end.
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Lin, Y. J., C. S. Suh, R. Langari, and S. T. Noah. "On the Characteristics and Mechanism of Rolling Instability and Chatter." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 125, no. 4 (November 1, 2003): 778–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1617981.
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A nonlinear model describing the dynamical interaction between work rolls and metal sheets and the initiation of fifth octave rolling chatter is presented. The model, which comprises a work roll sub-model and a metal sheet roll-bite sub-model, enables the instability of strip rolling to be qualitatively and quantitatively studied as a function of rollstack stiffness, rolling speed, inter-stand tension, roll-bite entry and exit thickness, and the sheet force resulted from the interactive action of the work roll with the plastic deformation of the rolled strip. It is concluded that, even though the governing dynamics is highly nonlinear, rolling chatter instability is none other than mode excitation or beating, and thus linear. Analyzed results correspond well with what have been observed in physical rolling mills. Specifically, the natural frequency predicted for a 4-H rolling stand fits the fifth octave chatter at 550∼650 Hz and there is a critical rolling speed (2.54 m/sec for the material and sheet configurations considered in the paper) beyond which rolling instability will occur. This research establishes the fundamental knowledge base required for the understanding of chatter characteristics and mechanism, and thus provides the essential bases for effective control of rolling instability and chatter-free roll mill design.
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Valentyna, POLIUHA, DEMCHENKO Victoriya, and DOSKOCH Olexandr. "METAL ROLLING MARKET IN UKRAINE." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL JOURNAL "COMMODITIES AND MARKETS" 36, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/tr.knute.2020(36)02.
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Background. The production of rolled metal belongs to the field of metallurgy, the mainstay of the Ukrainian economy. Metal rolling is used both in metallurgy and in other industries like aircraft construction, mining, oil and refining. The aim is to characterize the volume of production, sales, imports and exports of rolled metal in Ukraine; comparison of average prices for the investigated product in Ukraine according to trading companies. Materials and methods. The work uses general and special methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, scientific generalization and comparison of data from scientific sources, as well as open sources of statistical information. Results. In the period from 2015 to 2019, there was a generally positive trend of increasing the volume of rolled metal production in Ukraine, with the exception of some types of rolled metal. During 2015–2019 it should be noted the increase in production of rods and bars almost 2 times; pipes – by 30.4 %; corners, shaped and special profiles – more than 4 times; profiled sheets – by 33.3 %; multilayer panels – by 36.8 %; wire – only 13 %. During 2015–2019 there is a decline in production of some types of rolled metal: profile – by 32.8 %; products for railway and tram tracks – almost 2 times; fittings for pipes – by 34.7 %. The largest amount of rolled metal in Ukraine in 2019 was produced by ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih – 4.7 million tons. In 2019 the largest share of rolled metal produced by Metinvest Holding LLC was produced by Zaporizhstal (3.5 million tons) and Ilyich Mariupol MK (2.6 million tons). A fairly wide range of rolled metal products is sold on the Ukrainian market. Sales of rolled metal products in Ukraine during 2015–2019 increased by 14 %. Volumes of rolled metal exports during 2015–2019 significantly exceeded imports. This trend is natural, because on the territory of Ukraine there are quite powerful producers of rolled metal, which are able to compete at a high level with foreign ones. Conclusion. During 2015–2019, there is a tendency to reduce production volumes and increase sales of rolled metal. Exports significantly exceed the volumes of rolled metal imports. In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, rolled metal producers need to optimize their activities by modernizing production and implementing investment projects in their activities to increase their competitiveness.
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Mazur, Vladlen, Viktor Artiukh, Yuriy Sagirov, and Sergey Kuznezov. "Experimental determination and study of horizontal forces during rolling." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823901042.
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Results of experimental and theoretical studies of horizontal accelerations of rolls, chocks and housings of strip/sheet rolling stands are shown. Relations between horizontal forces and dynamic rolling torques, sequence of their arise are described. Significant influence of gaps in system ‘chock – housing’ and radial gaps in main drive lines on values of work rolls chocks horizontal impacts against housings is proved. Influence of rolled metal dimensions, mass and speed of rolled metal before metal-in on dynamic forces of work rolls chocks horizontal impacts against housings is described by means of developed mathematical relation.
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Dobryak, V. D., D. Yu Ugryumov, Yu M. Nykolayenko, and I. A. Solovyova. "Condition and development of methods for dividing a hot metal to measured lengths." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy 37 (2023): 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-324-339.
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Analysis of hot metal dividing methods into measured lengths from the point of view of providing the required quality of their ends after separation, as well as high performance methods is the aim of the work. This is especially important for the preparation of hot metal for subsequent processing, including rolling and tube rolling units, where high quality of the ends of the workpieces reduces the end cut and metal consumption ratios, and tube quality also improves the quality of rolled steel shells and pipes. Well-known literary and patent sources in the field of the separation of hot metal into measured lengths both during continuous casting of steel and in subsequent redistribution, are researched in this work. As a result of the analysis, it has been established that widely used methods for the separation of hot metal in practice cannot provide high quality pipe ends after separation, which increases the metal loss in subsequent redistribution. The most promising for the separation of hot metal into measured lengths in rolling and tube-rolling production is hot-abrasive cutting and cutting with rotary saws. They are becoming more common in production. The practical significance of the results presented in this paper are proposals for the use of progressive methods for separation of hot metal both in terms of high productivity and, above all, the required quality of the resulting ends after separation for subsequent redistribution. The development directions of the analyzed methods for the separation of hot metal are considered. A waste-free two-stage method has been proposed for dividing round hot billets into dimensional parts, which improve the quality of the ends for subsequent rolling of pipes.
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Aleshchenko, A. S., A. S. Budnikov, and E. A. Kharitonov. "METAL FORMING DURING PIPES REDUCTION ON A THREE-HIGH ROLLING MILL." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 10 (November 3, 2019): 756–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-10-756-762.
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Pipe rolling plants (PRP) with three-high screw rolling mills are used to produce hot-rolled seamless pipes. In Russia, two such rolling units are used: PRP 160 at Pervouralsk Novotrubny Plant and PRP 200 at Volzhsky Pipe Plant. Recently, the most acute issue is increasing their technological capabilities. There is a need of expanding size and grade mix, as well as non-traditional use of gauge and rolling mill for screw rolling. The paper presents results of experimental study of the process of reduction or un-adjusting rolling of pipes on three-high screw rolling mills with an increase in reduction of diameter up to 25 %. The results of computer finite element modeling in QFORM program are provided. The aim of this work was to study effect of rolling process with increased reduction in diameter on change of metal form in deformation zone and changes in geometrical dimensions at reduction of cups with different wall thickness on the pilot mill. Important role in process of metal forming during screw rolling (especially when rolling hollow products and pipes) plays cupped blank ovality that is equal to the ratio of the roll radius when the metal comes in contact with the roller to the radius under the roller in the cross section of deformation zone. Ovality characterizes stability of change in geometric dimensions of pipes and their resistance to deformation in inter-roll space. The reduction of thin-wall cupped blank is accompanied by large va lues of ovality, deformation process is less stable, and as a result, form defects (faceting) and end defects occur during plug rolling. Ovality at plug rolling increases more intensely in comparison with plugless rolling. Presence of plug limits displacement of metal in axial direction and contributes to displacement of metal in gaps between rollers. At plugged rolling, it is necessary to use rolls with collars allowing main reduction along the wall, thereby localizing reduction zone on the plug, and reducing ovality of cupped blanks.
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Chang, Der-Form. "Thermal stresses in work rolls during the rolling of metal strip." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 94, no. 1 (September 1999): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(98)00449-x.
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Hazeez, Taiwo, Gbeminiyi Sobamowo, Ibrahim Fetuga, Uchechukwu Modebelu, Sodiq Adeleke, and Aderemi Sodeeq. "Thermal stress analysis in hot rolling process." Engineering Today, no. 00 (2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/engtoday2300017h.
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In continuous hot slab rolling, it is important to know the temperature distribution within the strip along the length of the rolling mill because the dominant parameter controlling the kinetics of metallurgical transformations and the flow stress of a rolled metal is temperature. A mathematical model based on finite difference method is utilized to predict the temperature distribution and microstructural changes during the continuous hot slab rolling process. The effects of various parameters such as heat of deformation, the work-roll temperature, the rolling speed, and the heat transfer coefficient between the work-roll and the metal were all taken into account in the analysis. From the parametric analysis carried out, it was shown that the temperature in the deformation zone increases as the percentage reduction in the strip thickness and the rolling process, it affects the temperature distribution in the work-roll significantly , the heat generation on the strip-roll interface increases significantly when the percentage reduction in the strip exceeds a certain value. It was also shown that at low rolling speed, the temperature increase is uniform inside the strip and the roll and the maximum temperature of the strip occurs in the neighborhood of the strip centerline region.
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Snitko, S. A., A. V. Yakovchenko, V. V. Pilipenko, and N. I. Ivleva. "Modeling of ring billets rolling on radial-axial ring-rolling mill." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 8 (October 8, 2020): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-8-665-673.
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On the basis of radial-axial rolling of ring billets, resource-saving technologies for metal forming have been created. Determining the rational parameters of this process is the actual scientific and technical task at development of new profiles. The method of three-dimensional finite element modeling is the most effective tool for improving the technological conditions of ring rolling process. However, as practice has shown, the finite element modeling method requires adaptation to each process of metal forming. This is the subject of the present work. The expediency of using dependency for calculating the metal flow stress for finite-element modeling of ring-rolling processes is substantiated. This dependence was developed on the basis of a theory that takes into account the chemical composition of structural carbon steel, its temperature, strain rate, accumulated deformation, and also the processes of dynamic transformation of the metal structure during hot rolling. A computer program for automated determination of dependency parameters has been developed. The analysis of the accuracy of the obtained dependence was performed in relation to the experimental data. In the course of these calculations, the method of automated determination of the metal flow stress was used by spline interpolation of the experimental data included in the computer database of digital information for a particular steel grade. The average relative error of calculated values of the metal flow stress was 8 % relative to the experimental ones. An improved method is proposed for calculating the parameters of ring billets rolling and reaching the required growth rate of the ring diameter implemented in a finite element modeling system, which is similar to the way the control system of the ring-rolling mill works in solving the same problem (reaching the required growth rate of the ring diameter) when implemented appropriate rolling in practice. When calculating the size of the compression, the iterative process and the method of half division were used. The average deviations of calculated values of the parameters of ring billets rolling from the experimental did not exceed 12.4 %, which makes it possible to apply the proposed approach to study the patterns of the rings rolling process and to improve the rolling technology.
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Chernykh, I. N., K. V. Shendyapin, E. A. Geim, D. V. Ovchinnikov, I. N. Krivonogov, and K. V. Bol’nykh. "Study of deformation conditions at longitudinal pipes rolling from austenite steel grades." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 77, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-3-312-319.
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Stainless steels of austenite class 08–12Х18Н10Т have a high corrosion resistance, which stipulates for their wide application in various areas of industry. Technology of pipes production of the steels is rather specific and requires observation of some conditions. It was shown that temperature of a work-piece heating before deformation is an important parameter of the technology. It was noted that for the piercing of a steel work-piece with various chrome content, there is a rational temperature interval. Nonobservation of the temperature can lead to defects formation on internal pipe surface because of earlier destruction and opening of metal cavity during piercing. The choice of the rolling-out scheme has a direct effect on the work-piece forming in cross-sections. Results of hot rolling of Ø37×2,5 tube samples, manufactured of 08–12Х18Н10Т steel and carbon steel of grade 40 presented. The rolling was done at a laboratory mill. As a result of the experiment the lower limit of ovality of rolls grooves was specified for conditions of rolling of pipes from 08–12Х18Н10Т steels by 2-roll scheme. At the rolling with ovality B/H ≤1,07, defects appeared on the internal tube surface in the form of scratches caused by the mandrel. The rational range of ovality of grooves at multi-stand rolling can be from 1.08 to 1.15. According to criterion of groove overfilling by metal for steels 08–12Х18Н10Т, requirements were formed towards the groove width of the first stand of longitudinal rolling mill. The groove width must be larger than the sleeve diameter: for 3-roll scheme – at least by 2–3%, for 2-roll scheme – at least by 7.0–7.5%. Potential advantages of 3-roll scheme comparing with 2-roll scheme for rolling of 08–12Х18Н10Т steels were established as follows: lower probability of grooves overfilling by metal of the work-piece, absence of defects (scratches caused by mandrel), on the tube internal surface at minimal ovality level of 1.07, lower level of transverse pipe wall non-uniform thickness.
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Ren, Rui, Xiao Ping Zhang, and Xi Chen. "Influences of Edge Rolling on Unsteady Deformation of Metal in Roughing Stage of Continuous Hot Strip Rolling." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 2249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.2249.
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Edge rolling in roughing area of continuous hot strip rolling is a basic method of controlling slab width. Edge rolling will induce dog-bone, width loss and fish tail at head and tail ends of slabs in unsteady deformation zone. A 3D elastic-plastic FEM model for roughing stage of continuous hot strip rolling was established and research on the influences of those technical parameters such as slab width, thickness and reduction of edging roll on unsteady deformation of metal was carried out. The research work provides a scientific basis for the optimization of edge rolling schedule.
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Qiu, Chaoxin, Rui Xu, Xin Xu, and Shengcan Ma. "Finite Element Simulation of Multi-Pass Rolling of a Pure Aluminum Target under Different Rolling Routes and Methods." Metals 14, no. 8 (July 24, 2024): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14080845.
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By coordinating the rolling direction and mode, a multi-rolling plastic deformation process for an aluminum (Al) sputter target is proposed to achieve multiple excellent properties, including a uniform and fine grain structure and low defect risk, which are significant in producing high-quality sputtered films. In this work, therefore, DEFORM 3D 10.2 software is adopted to establish three strategies, clock-synchronous rolling, cross-synchronous rolling, and clock–snake rolling. The effect of different rolling routes and modes on the metal flow velocity (MFV), effective strain distribution (ESD), grain size distribution (GSD), damage, and rolling force (RF) are comparatively investigated. The simulation results show that clock–snake rolling can increase the MFV and effective strain by producing a deeper deformation than the others. It provides sufficient energy for dynamic recrystallization to promote grain refinement. In combination with the microstructure homogeneity promoted by the clock rolling route, the GSD from 6.5 to 44.3 μm accounts for about 80.5% of all the grains because of the fact that a randomly oriented grain region is full of high-angle grain boundaries. Compared with the synchronous rolling mode, the decrement in RF maximum reaches up to 51% during the asynchronous rolling process because component energy is consumed to form cross-sheering stress. It remarkably reduces the risk of defects, with a damage value of less than 73%, and simultaneously improves energy efficiency owing to smaller and uniform grains caused by less RF. The results obtained in this work are of great significance as they can guide practical production in the metal target industry.
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JIANG, Z. Y., D. W. WEI, and A. K. TIEU. "AN INFLUENCE FUNCTION METHOD ANALYSIS OF COLD STRIP ROLLING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920805108x.
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An influence function method has been developed to simulate the asymmetric cold rolling of thin strip with work roll kiss at edges. The numerical simulation model was obtained based on the deformation compatibility of the roll system in rolling and lateral directions. The strip plastic deformation has been considered in the formulation, which is significantly different from the traditional theory of metal rolling. The rolling mechanics and crown of the strip with work roll edge kiss, which are new findings for cold rolling of thin strip, are obtained. A comparison of the rolling force, roll edge kiss force and the strip crown after rolling has been conducted for various cross shear regions in the roll bite. Results show that the calculated strip crown is in good agreement with Ameasured value, and the rolling force and strip crown decrease with an increase of cross shear regions, as well as the work roll edge kiss force and edge wear decrease. The friction also has an influence on the profile of the rolled thin strip.
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Penalva, Mariluz, Ander Martín, Cristina Ruiz, Víctor Martínez, Fernando Veiga, Alain Gil del Val, and Tomás Ballesteros. "Application-Oriented Data Analytics in Large-Scale Metal Sheet Bending." Applied Sciences 13, no. 24 (December 12, 2023): 13187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132413187.
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The sheet-metal-forming process is crucial in manufacturing various products, including pipes, cans, and containers. Despite its significance, controlling this complex process is challenging and may lead to defects and inefficiencies. This study introduces a novel approach to monitor the sheet-metal-forming process, specifically focusing on the rolling of cans in the oil-and-gas sector. The methodology employed in this work involves the application of temporal-signal-processing and artificial-intelligence (AI) techniques for monitoring and optimizing the manufacturing process. Temporal-signal-processing techniques, such as Markov transition fields (MTFs), are utilized to transform time series data into images, enabling the identification of patterns and anomalies. synamic time warping (DTW) aligns time series data, accommodating variations in speed or timing across different rolling processes. K-medoids clustering identifies representative points, characterizing distinct phases of the rolling process. The results not only demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework in monitoring the rolling process but also lay the foundation for the practical application of these methodologies. This allows operators to work with a simpler characterization source, facilitating a more straightforward interpretation of the manufacturing process.
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Wang, Qiao Yi, Rui Jin Gao, Yao Zhu, and Yong Zhao. "Research on Dynamic Characteristics Based on Roll-Bite Model in Metal Elastic-Plastic Deformation Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.657.
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The main issue in cold rolling is the control of rolling chatter, the deformation of the metal sheet roll-bite is ideally homogeneous and elastic-plastic. In addition, only the vertical interactions of the work roll and the roll-bite are considered. The sheet force resulted from the elastic-plastic deformation of the roll-bite is established to be the dominant factor affecting the dynamic response of the work roll. Although the developed rolling system is highly nonlinear, however, the induced instability and chatter in response to various types of sheet force excitations are either modal excitation or resonance-like beating, both of which are characteristically linear. This article establishes the fundamental knowledge base required for the understanding of the characteristics and mechanism of the third and the fifth octave rolling chatters, and thus provides the essential basis for effective control of rolling instability and chatter-free roll mill design.
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Kotova, Tetiana, Olha Nosko, Tetyana Aiupova, and Vladyslav Volynchuk. "The influence of rolling at subcritical temperatures on the low-carbon steel structure and properties formation." Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University 1, no. 103 (December 29, 2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2023.103.1.78.
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Problem. In practice, the rolling of a low-carbon steel sheet due to significant heat losses ends in the austenite – ferrite two-phase structure region, which leads to the metal heterogeneous structure formation, that decreases the sheet steel properties of the and its ability to be drawn.
Adverse temperature conditions characteristic of traditional hot rolling technology can be prevented by metal processing in the single-phase ferrite structure region below the critical point Ar1. Rolling of a thin sheet in the subcritical temperature range will ensure obtaining a uniform metal structure, which determines the level of its mechanical properties, as well as the quality of stamped parts
Goal. The purpose of the work is study the rolling modes influence at subcritical temperatures on the low-carbon steel structure and properties formation.Methodology. The microstructure of 08ps steel samples was studied using a metallographic and electron microscope JSM-840 with a "Link-860/|500" microanalysis system, the 08ps steel samples cross-section fine structure was studied using an electron microscope JEM - 200Сx. The metal mechanical properties complex was determined by standard tensile test methods.Results. The 08ps steel structure and properties after rolling at subcritical temperatures were studied. The comparative analysis of the fine structure of the initial blank and deformed samples of low-carbon steel was carried out. It was established that changes are observed in the structure of the deformed samples and the initial blank, which indicate the polygonization and recrystallization processes implementation and do not provide the of metal mechanical properties level provided for by DSTU 2834-94.Originality. Тhe thin structure of a 08ps steel sheet deformed in the subcritical temperature range with air cooling was studied. The development differs in the temperatures of the beginning and end of rolling, as well as the cooling rate in the post-deformation period. It allows to expand theoretical ideas about the patterns of 08ps deformed steel structure formation and to use them in practice. Practical value. The results of the work can be applied in determining rational processing modes, which involve rolling at subcritical temperatures, to increase the complex metal properties and obtain high-quality parts by cold stamping.
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Liu, Shulin, and Yi Li. "Research on forming effect of material with different thickness structure in continuous flexible rolling process." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2174, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2174/1/012053.
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Abstract Continuous flexible rolling is a novel advanced manufacturing technology for vehicle body surface, the forming mechanism of this process is based on the uneven thickness reduction of rolled plate along the transversal direction. In the rolling forming process, working hardening is always an important factor for affecting thickness reduction of rolled plate. In this work, the method of decreasing working hardening was studied deeply in continuous flexible rolling process for 3D surface. By finite element analysis, the forming effect of metal plate with different thickness structure was studied in continuous flexible rolling process. The rolled plate consists of three piece of metal plate; in the comparing experiments, the total thickness of rolled plate is 3mm, from compression surface to tension surface, the thickness ratio of each layer metal plate is 1:1:1, 1:2:2, 2:1:2, 2:2:1 in order. The results show that: with the location of the thinnest metal plate moves down, plastic strain in the middle surface of rolled plate is increasing greatly, the thickness reduction is also improving significantly, and the thickness distribution is almost unchanged. Therefore, to optimize rationally the thickness structure is an effective method to decreasing working hardening, the forming precision of 3D surface can get improving in continuous flexible rolling process.
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Sidelnikov, Sergey, Ivan Dovzhenko, and Irina Belokonova. "Simulation of Process Rolling Plates from Alloy of Al-Mg System Economically Doped with Scandium." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.509.
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The modes of hot and cold rolling of plates from an alloy of the Al-Mg system alloy, doped with scandium in the range of 0.10-0.12%, are modeled. At the first stage of work, using the DEFORM-3D software package, we simulated the process of hot sheet rolling at the Quarto 2800 mill, in order to obtain a billet for further cold rolling. Analysis of the simulation data showed that with the adopted compression mode, the metal forming and temperature conditions of rolling make it possible to obtain plates up to 45 mm thick, without defects, with rational power loading of the equipment. Further modeling of the regime of cold rolling of plates with a thickness of up to 31.5 mm showed that cold rolling can be carried out in 4 passes, provided that the stress and rolling force do not exceed the permissible values. At the second stage of work, we conducted an experimental verification of the obtained simulation results both in industrial and in laboratory conditions. It was found that the value of the total compression leading to the destruction of the samples, depending on the rolling conditions, should not exceed 21-30%. At this degree of deformation, the rolled metal from the alloy under study has high strength and plastic properties. Subsequent industrial verification of the research results confirmed that this alloy is quite advanced technologically, while it has high deformability, both during hot and cold rolling, which allows us to recommend it for sheet deformed semi-finished products in the manufacture of structural products for various purposes.
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Maksimenko, O., О. Nikulin, D. Loboiko, and К. Marchenko. "STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION CONDITIONS ON THE INDICATORS OF THE ROLLING PROCESS IN A WIRE BLOCK." Collection of scholarly papers of Dniprovsk State Technical University (Technical Sciences) 1, no. 38 (September 8, 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2519-2884.38.2021.3.
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Physical modeling of the laws of friction during pressure treatment is a complex problem and is solved with many restrictions and assumptions. Computational experiments open up alternative possibilities for investigating the influence of friction conditions on the rolling process. A deeper analysis of the friction mechanism in the wire block is required, since there is a significant scatter in the data on the coefficient of friction during high-speed rolling of wire rod. The aim of this work is to study the influence of friction conditions in the deformation zone of each of the stands of the wire block on the change in specific tensions, on the longitudinal stability of the rolling process, on the change in the angle of the neutral section and on the broadening of the metal. The study of the influence of these factors is based on the joint solution of the differential equilibrium equation of the elementary volume, isolated in the deformation zone, the plasticity equation. In this work, the range of variation of the coefficient of friction was chosen such as to reveal the patterns of rolling in conditions close to the limiting. The work investigated the influence of the coefficient of friction on the parameters of rolling wire rod with a diameter of 5.5 mm in a wire block. The study was carried out with a change in the coefficient of friction from 0.22 to 0.18 during the rolling of one roll. The friction conditions in the deformation zones of the wire block, affect the tension of the roll, affect both the transverse flow of the metal, and the reduction. The study of the process of rolling wire rod in a wire block showed that a toughening of the friction mode in contact between the metal and the rolls increases the longitudinal stability of the rolled wire in the deformation zone. The minimum value of the friction coefficient at which the process remains stable without loss of equilibrium is close to 0.2. With a decrease in the coefficient of friction, the tension of the metal in the inter-stand spaces sharply increases, which can lead to partial or complete slipping of the strip. The friction conditions in the contact between the rolls and the rolled stock affect the coefficient of transverse deformation and reduction of the metal in the stands of the wire block, as well as the power parameters.
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KOZHEVNIKOVA, I. A., A. V. BYKOV, S. V. ZHILENKO, and A. S. SMIRNOV. "FORMATION OF DEFORMATION MODES DURING METAL ROLLING IN BROADBAND MILLS." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 78, no. 6 (July 29, 2022): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2022-6-502-507.
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o increase the energy efficiency of the process of hot rolling of metal in the finishing groups of stands of wide-strip mills, the reduction mode is traditionally assigned with the maximum load of the first working stands with a gradual decrease towards the last stand, neglecting the hardening of the strip material. This approach can be applied only in the development of rolling modes for ordinary steel grades. It has been established that during the deformation of highstrength steels in the finishing group of the 2000 mill, the greatest work hardening is observed in stands Nos. 7 and 8, thereby, it is not advisable to use increased reductions in them, in this case it is most efficient to load the stands Nos. 6, 9 and 10. In cold rolling, according to classical approaches, higher reductions are used on the first stands, and lower ones, due to the increasing work hardening of the metal, on the last ones. It is shown that when designing energy-efficient modes, it is necessary to take into account the ratio of the volumes of metal in adjacent stands, avoiding the possibility of the conditions of rolling the strip with undercutting. It is possible to ensure stable rolling of strip with tension in the conditions of a 5-stand mill 1700 by reducing relative reductions in stands Nos. 2 and 3, as well as increasing the speed ratio in the second and third interstand intervals. As a result of the research, it was found that interstand specific tensions are an additional tool for reducing the energy intensity of the cold rolling process. When assigning a tension mode with an increase from the first and last intervals to the average, additional energy savings of up to 4.5% can be obtained. Industrial approbation of metal rolling regimes in wide-strip mills, formed on the basis of the above principles, showed that they can reduce the energy consumption for the deformation process without additional capital costs in the range from 2% to 6%, depending on the grade and profile dimensions of the rolled strips.
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Petrousek, Patrik, Tibor Kvackaj, Róbert Kocisko, Jana Bidulska, Miloslav Luptak, Diego Manfredi, Marco Actis Grande, and Róbert Bidulsky. "INFLUENCE OF CRYOROLLING ON PROPERTIES OF L-PBF 316L STAINLESS STEEL TESTED AT 298K AND 77K." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 25, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/ams.v25i4.1366.
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<p class="AMSmaintext">The goal of the present work is to evaluate mechanical properties and to analyse the microstructure of 316L stainless steel produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) follow by rolling with different thickness reduction under ambient and cryogenic conditions. The samples before rolling were heat treated. The static tensile test was realized at ambient and cryogenic (77K) conditions. The L-PBF powder metal production technology approved that is a key technology in the AM area, especially for metal powder materials. Mechanical properties tested at 298K and 77K shows that the application of various thermo-deformation rolling conditions increases of strength properties. Achieved mechanical properties are comparable to conventional bulk materials. The strength properties after the rolling under ambient and cryogenic conditions were significantly increased.<strong></strong></p>
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Еrkinbaiuly, Е., and D. R. Ganin. "Increase of durability of railway wheels at JSC “Aktyubinsk ferroalloys plant”." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 78, no. 12 (January 16, 2023): 1060–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2022-12-1060-1066.
Full textAbstract:
Compensate for elastic and thermal deformations of the work rolls, as well as to ensure the possibility of rolling a flat strip, the surface of the barrel of the work rolls is profiled. During the production of steel strips on a continuous mill, the initial grinding profiles of the barrel surfaces change due to their wear. According to a number of studies, the shape of the worn surface will be determined by a number of factors: by sliding the rolled metal along the roll in the deformation zone, which depends, among other things, on the length of the produced strip; temperature conditions in the deformation zone; the presence of a movable intermediate layer between the roll and the strip, for example, mill scale during hot rolling or cutting fluid during cold rolling; chemical composition of the rolled steel; quality of rolling rolls; applied steel strip reduction modes in the mill stands; uneven heating of the rolled metal over the section, as well as some other parameters. A study was carried out on the basis of experimental data on evaluating the profile of the barrel of work rolls after they were dumped and cooled from the rolling stands. It was found that the main parameter affecting the wear of the surface is the length of the strip rolled in a given stand. It has been confirmed that wear along the length of the roll barrel is uneven. A method for calculating the wear of the surfaces of the barrels of the work rolls of a wide-strip mill along their length, based on the operating mode, is proposed. The results of the study can be used to improve the shape of the grinding profiling curve of the work roll barrels and it can be used in models for controlling the shape of a strip, and calculate technological rolling conditions
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Shalaevskii, D. L. "Determination of the wear of the surfaces of barrels of work rolls in a continuous finishing group of stands of a wide-strip hot rolling mill." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 78, no. 12 (January 16, 2023): 1054–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2022-12-1054-1059.
Full textAbstract:
Compensate for elastic and thermal deformations of the work rolls, as well as to ensure the possibility of rolling a flat strip, the surface of the barrel of the work rolls is profiled. During the production of steel strips on a continuous mill, the initial grinding profiles of the barrel surfaces change due to their wear. According to a number of studies, the shape of the worn surface will be determined by a number of factors: by sliding the rolled metal along the roll in the deformation zone, which depends, among other things, on the length of the produced strip; temperature conditions in the deformation zone; the presence of a movable intermediate layer between the roll and the strip, for example, mill scale during hot rolling or cutting fluid during cold rolling; chemical composition of the rolled steel; quality of rolling rolls; applied steel strip reduction modes in the mill stands; uneven heating of the rolled metal over the section, as well as some other parameters. A study was carried out on the basis of experimental data on evaluating the profile of the barrel of work rolls after they were dumped and cooled from the rolling stands. It was found that the main parameter affecting the wear of the surface is the length of the strip rolled in a given stand. It has been confirmed that wear along the length of the roll barrel is uneven. A method for calculating the wear of the surfaces of the barrels of the work rolls of a wide-strip mill along their length, based on the operating mode, is proposed. The results of the study can be used to improve the shape of the grinding profiling curve of the work roll barrels and it can be used in models for controlling the shape of a strip, and calculate technological rolling conditions
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Li, Hongbo, Zhenwei Zhao, Dawei Dong, Guomin Han, Jie Zhang, Haichao Liu, and Xuechang You. "Edge-Drop Control Behavior for Silicon Strip Cold Rolling with a Sendzimir Mill." Metals 8, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8100783.
Full textAbstract:
Edge-drop control is important for silicon strip cold rolling, as the silicon strip is mainly used as a laminated core. Moreover, cold rolling is the key process for the thin strip edge-drop control, and a Sendzimir mill is one of the most popular cold rolling mills for silicon strips. Thus, the mastery of edge-drop control behavior for silicon strip cold rolling with a Sendzimir mill is beneficial for the improvement of the strip profile quality. With the finite element method, two models are built to analyze the edge-drop control behavior, one is the roll system and strip integrated elastic-plastic deformation statics model, and the other is the strip plastic deformation dynamics model. The first model provides the roll gap contour for the second model, then the strip profile can be calculated in the second model, which considers the transverse flow of the metal. Firstly, the compositions of edge-drop for the silicon strip are analyzed systematically, which are the edge-drop for work roll bending, the edge-drop for work roll flattening, and the edge-drop for transverse flow of the metal. Secondly, the influence of different rolling process parameters on the three parts are analyzed, such as the entrance thickness, the rolling reduction, the rolling tension, and so on; further, the influence of the roll contours are also analyzed. Finally, the edge-drop control behavior of the different rolling process parameters and roll contours are obtained. The research results provide theoretical guidance for edge drop control in the Sendzimir mill.
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Zhang, Xiao Ping, Rui Ren, and Hui Ping Kang. "Study on Unsteady Deformation Law in Roughing Stage of Continuous Hot Strip Rolling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 595 (July 2014): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.595.45.
Full textAbstract:
The vertical-horizontal rolling in roughing stage of continuous hot strip rolling is a common production technique of controlling slab width effectively. Vertical rolling will induce dog-bone, width loss and fish tail in unsteady deformation zone of slab head and tail. A 3D elastic-plastic FEM model for roughing stage of continuous hot strip rolling was established using ABAQUS/Explicit and research on the influences of those technical parameters such as slab width, slab thickness, reduction of vertical roll and horizontal roll on unsteady deformation of metal was carried out. The research work provides a scientific basis for the optimization of roughing rolling technical schedule.
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Song, Ren Bo, Yong Lin Kang, and Aimin Zhao. "Fabrication of Semi-Solid Slurry for Steels and Their Rheo-Rolling Process." Solid State Phenomena 141-143 (July 2008): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.141-143.457.
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Semi-solid metal forming (SSM) has been recognized as a new forming technology, which is different from the present metal forming methods. Basic research on SSM has been put into operation and a number of SSM techniques have been widely applied in industry. In the application of SSM technique, at present, it is mainly used to produce the low melting point alloys such as Al-base, Zn-base and Mg-base alloys, but the high melting point alloys, for example steels as the most widely useful metal are not extensively studied and applied. In the present work, the electromagnetic stirring method was used to prepare semi-solid slurry of spring steel–60Si2Mn and stainless steel–1Cr18Ni9Ti. At the same time, spring steel–60Si2Mn and stainless steel–1Cr18Ni9Ti were directly rolled into thick strips in the semi-solid state (Rheo-rolling). It is aimed at studying the microstructure and properties of the strips to establish the feasibility of rheo-rolling for the production of the steel strips. According to the present research work, it has been shown that rheo-rolling process combines the casting and hot rolling into a single step for near net-shape production, compared with the conventional hot-rolled metallurgical process. Besides being such a cost-effective process, rheo-rolling process possesses irregular crystal grains such as rosette-type primary crystals in the microstructures because of sufficient agitation during solidification. The overall homogenization of the macrostructures in the whole part of steel ingot can be achieved.
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Schäfer, Jonathan, Michael Schober, and Arno Plankensteiner. "Sheet Metal Rolling of Molybdenum: Thermo-Mechanical FEM Simulations." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.213.
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Metal forming simulations based on the finite element method are a frequently used tool for the prediction of the deformed shape, material state and reaction forces. The most critical prerequisite for any reliable result is a reasonable description of the constitutive behavior of the underlying material. The presented work focusses on the latter for the case of molybdenum via advanced formulations for the temperature and strain rate dependence. The quality of the results is compared for several approaches. Sheet metal rolling serves as an example application. Verification is based on comparison with data from industrial processes.
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Hemanth, T. S., Y. Arunkumar, and M. S. Srinath. "Study the Effect of Different Roller Shape on the Spread of Material in Rolling Operation Using Manufacturing Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.290.
Full textAbstract:
Simulation plays a vital role in present-day product development. Simulation of manufacturing process in product design and development helps to save valuable resources in terms of materials, energy and also in the optimisation of process parameters. Metal rolling accounts to majority of the materials used in the bulk-forming. It is difficult to predict metal flow in the lateral direction in the conventional metal rolling. Manufacturing the rollers of different shapes and conducting experiments physically consumes valuable resources. These valuable resource are saved using the simulation of rolling operations using FEM-based metal forming simulation software. Simulation experiments are carried out to determine the effect of different shapes of rollers on the spread of material. In this work, spread of the material is analysed when the material is passed through different shaped rollers. Three types of rollers have been designed to study the effect of adding grooves on the spread of materials. It is seen that smaller groove size decreases the spread whereas larger size groove on the rollers increases the spread.
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KIM, INSOO, SAIDMUROD AKRAMOV, and HAE BONG JEONG. "TEXTURE AND FORMABILITY DEVELOPMENT OF ASYMMETRY ROLLED AA 3003 AL ALLOY SHEET." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208051339.
Full textAbstract:
The physical, mechanical properties and formability of sheet metal depend on preferred crystallographic orientations (texture). In this research work, we investigated texture development and formability of AA 3003 aluminum alloy sheets after asymmetry rolling and subsequent heat treatment. After asymmetry rolling, the specimens showed fine grain size. We also investigated the change of the plastic strain ratios after asymmetry rolling and subsequent heat-treating condition. The plastic strain ratios of asymmetrically rolled and subsequent heat treated samples are 1.5 times higher than the initial AA 3003 Al alloy sheets. These could be attributed to the formation of ND//<111> texture component through asymmetry rolling in Al sheet.
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Wang, Shyi Chin. "Briefing of CSC and its R & D Activities for Metal Forming." Key Engineering Materials 626 (August 2014): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.626.576.
Full textAbstract:
China Steel Corporation was founded in 1971 being the largest integrate steel mill in Taiwan. After several stages of expansion projects, its crude steel production has reached 16.5 million tons annually. CSC has made consistent efforts on its technology innovation mainly carried out by two R & D departments. One of the major tasks of its R & D activities is to establish the advanced technologies for the manufacturing better steels and aluminum alloys as well as product application technology for downstream users. This presentation will mainly brief the research activities of CSC in the field of metal forming including rolling, sheet metal forming and thermal mechanical simulations carried out at Gleeble 3800. Work rolls with continuously variable crown (CVC) were applied to produce hot-rolled strips having precise profile and flatness. Lubrication rolling technology with high speed steel rolls was developed to diminish the wearing of work rolls at hot strip mills. The campaign life of rolling cycle was greatly prolonged. Computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulation technology of sheet metal forming has been established which proved to be an effective way to deal with the sever spring back and breakage of the cold forming of high strength steel automobile parts. Hot stamping has also been developed to support the technology innovation of CSC’s downstream customers. Flow stress and microstructure evolution during hot rolling for aluminum alloys were investigated using a Gleeble 3800 simulator. Both high strength AA5182 for can end and low earing AA3104 for can body aluminum sheets have been successfully developed.
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Balakin, Valery, Stanislav Stasevsky, and Yuri Ugryumov. "New material-saving technologies of pipe rolling on pilgrim units." System technologies 6, no. 131 (March 1, 2021): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/1562-9945-6-131-2020-13.
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In this work, based on the analysis of the process of hot pilger rolling of pipes of a wide range of sizes and grades from a round continuous cast billet, new and improved existing metal-saving technologies have been developed to reduce metal losses in the pilger head.Using scientific and patent sources of information in the field of pilger rolling and its mathematical modeling with the calculation of tables for rolling pipes of a wide range of sizes from a round continuous-cast billet with a diameter of 385-470 mm, metal losses into technological scrap on a pilgerstan are determined: a seed and a pilger head.On the basis of the results of the theoretical determination of metal losses in the process scrap on the pilgerstan: the seed and the pilger head, a forecast was made to reduce the weight of the pilger head, which was used to develop new material-saving technologies for pilger rolling of pipes, both thick-walled with D / S = 6 - 12.5, and thin-walled with D / S = 12.5 - 40. Metal losses in the pilger head are the main factor of increased metal consumption coefficients on pilger units, which reduces their competitiveness in comparison with other units when using round continuously cast billets as a starting material.The forecast for the reduction of metal losses in the pilger head made for the first time makes it possible to estimate the reserves for reducing the mass of the pilger head both by eliminating the underflow of the liner and trimming of the pipe end adjacent to the pilger head, and by means of individual parts of its profile part and predicting its decrease to the minimum possible size, ensuring the removal of the pipe from the mandrel using a gate device.To reduce the weight of the pilger head when rolling thick-walled pipes, it is recom-?ended to use improved technologies for butt-end rolling and rolling of the pilger head on the free section of the mandrel.The results of the studies and the proposed new material-saving technologies can be used on pilgrim units when rolling thick-walled (D / S = 6 - 12.5) and thin-walled (D / S = 12.5 - 40) pipes of a wide range of brands (carbon, alloyed, highly alloyed and special) from both continuous casting machine and forged and centrifugally cast billets, as well as ingots.
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Köhler, Kai, Norbert Kwiaton, and Martin Bretschneider. "Skin Pass Rolling of High Manganese Steels." Materials Science Forum 854 (May 2016): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.93.
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Applying a specific roughness on steel sheets, to ensure paintability and sufficient lubrication, is a crucial point for the metal forming processes. Due to the strength of high manganese HSD® steels (X70MnAlSi 15-2.5-2.5), special actions are necessary to obtain the required roughness. At Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH skin-pass rolling experiments on high manganese HSD® steels with different PRETEX® textured work-rolls were performed to investigate the influence of roll-surface-texture and skin-pass rolling force on the roughness transfer. The roughness and texture parameters of the steel sheets and roll surfaces were determined using optical confocal microscopy measurements. It is clearly shown that the work-roll surface texture has a major influence on the roughness transfer from work-rolls to steel sheet surfaces.
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Koohbor, B., and S. Serajzadeh. "Thermomechanical behaviours of strip and work-rolls in cold rolling process." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 46, no. 8 (August 22, 2011): 794–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309324711417693.
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A finite element analysis was developed to determine thermomechanical behaviours of strip and work-roll during cold rolling process under practical rolling conditions. The velocity field was first obtained using a rigid-plastic finite element formulation and then it was used to assess the strain and stress distributions within the strip and at the same time, a thermal finite element model based on streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin scheme was employed to predict temperature distribution within the metal being rolled. In the next stage, the predicted temperature and stress fields at the contact region of strip/work-roll were employed as the boundary conditions to evaluate the thermomechanical behaviour of the work-roll while the effect of back-up rolls was also considered in the mechanical part of the analysis. The model is shown to provide a proper insight for studying the deformation of strip and work-roll during high speed cold rolling process with a relatively low computational cost.
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Kashko, S. A. "Metal consumption rates in rolling production." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2022-2-40-43.
Full textAbstract:
The rationing of material resources is understood as the process of determining the amount of their consumption necessary for the normal production process. The regulatory framework includes a set of norms and standards applied at the enterprise for planning and analytical purposes. The consumption rate is the maximum permitted planned amount of raw materials, materials for the production of a unit of production (work) of established quality in the planned production conditions. The consumption standard is the specific consumption of raw materials or materials attributed to a unit of mass, area, length, volume, which is a component of the consumption standards. The multidimensional nature of technological processes, as well as the multidirectional application of consumption standards determine their classification by the degree of enlargement of the object of rationing (individual; group); by the degree of enlargement of the nomenclature of materials (specific in the nomenclature for production; consolidated for homogeneous types of raw materials, materials for the production of a product or a nomenclature group of products); period of validity. This article presents methods for calculating individual specific metal consumption rates in the production of rolled products at the rolling mill 370/150 of OJSC «BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC».
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Krivtsova, Olga, Alexandr Viventsev, Vitaly Talmazan, Dinislyam Musin, and Alexandr Arbuz. "Study of Used Rolls Profile Influence on the Quality of Hot Rolled Metal." Advanced Materials Research 814 (September 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.814.1.
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The influence of used work rolls profiling on the quality of hot rolled metal was studied. The defect non-flatness is the main reason for hot rolled metal rejection to second grade at the continuous hot rolling mill 1700 of ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC. The most optimal among studied profiling is concave profiling with average cumulative value ΣΔ=1.71mm. This is evidenced by the least volume of hot rolled metal, rejected to the second grade due to non-flatness.There were mathematical models developed, forecasting the volume of metal, rolled with the defect non-flatness with definite cumulative profiling of work rolls.
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Liu, Wen Ke, Kang Sheng Zhang, and Zheng Huan Hu. "Analysis on Temperature Field of Work-Piece during Cross Wedge Rolling." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.352.
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Based on the rigid-plastic deformation finite element method and the heat transfer theories, the forming process of cross wedge rolling was simulated with the finite element software DEFORM-3D. The temperature field of the rolled piece during the forming process was analyzed. The results show that the temperature gradient in the outer of the work-piece is sometimes very large and temperature near the contact deformation zone is the lowest while temperature near the center of the rolled-piece keeps relatively stable and even rises slightly. Research results provide a basis for further study on metal flow and accurate shaping of work-piece during cross wedge rolling.
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Premkumar, M., V. S. Himabindu, S. Banumathy, A. K. Bhattacharjee, and A. K. Singh. "Effect of Modes of Rolling on Evolution of Texture and Yield Locus Anisotropy in a Multifunctional Ti-31Ta-12Nb-2V-8Zr-0.22O Alloy." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 983–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.983.
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Present work describes the evolution of texture during different modes of deformation by cold rolling of a Gum metal or multifunctional β titanium alloy. The starting and cold rolled materials exhibit the presence of β and β with small amount of stress induced martensitic (α˝) phases, respectively. The development of texture has been explained in terms of α and γ fibres. The bulk hardness appears to be independent of modes of deformation by cold rolling. The yield surfaces of as received and solution treated samples exhibit marked anisotropy which persists during different modes of deformation by rolling.
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Laber, Konrad Błażej, Henryk Dyja, and Sebastian Mróz. "The Influence of Rolling Temperature on the Energy and Force Parameters during Normalizing Rolling of Plain Round Bars." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2628.
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The paper presents results of theoretical and experimental studies on the influence of strip temperature reduction at the final stage of the normalizing rolling process in a continuous bar rolling mill on the energy and force parameters. The studies were carried out for 38 mm-diameter round bars of constructional steel S355J2G3 (St52-3 acc. to DIN). At the first stage, numerical modelling of the rolling process was performed for the conditions of the currently used rolling technology. The aim of this stage of the work was to determine the distribution of strip temperature during the rolling process and of strip temperature after the rolling process. The obtained computation results were compared with the measurement results recorded during the actual rolling process using a thermovision camera. A computer program designed for three-dimensional modelling of metal flow during rolling in passes was used for the determination of the distribution of strip temperature during rolling. The second stage of the studies included modelling of the bar rolling technology modified by applying normalizing rolling after introducing accelerated strip cooling at the final stage of rolling. The aim of this stage of the work was to establish the influence of reduced strip temperature on the change in the values of the energy and force parameters of the process. By comparing the computed values of rolling power with those of the permissible power it was found that these values were lower than the permissible power of the rolling machine’s main drives installed in the Rolling Mill under analysis. Thus, it was demonstrated that it was possible to implement the process of normalizing rolling in the conditions of the Shape Mill under study.
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Danzer, R. "Hot Rolling Steels and Super Alloys with Silicon Nitride Tools." Advances in Science and Technology 65 (October 2010): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.65.92.
Full textAbstract:
Tools for rolling steels and super alloys, which are nowadays in general made from steel or cemented carbides, suffer from wear and/or from surface cracking caused by thermal fatigue. New tools made from silicon nitride show improved performance in respect to thermal shock loading and wear. But their low toughness manifests also a high risk of brittle failure. Nevertheless the successful use of silicon nitride rolls with having more than a manifold lifetime (compared to the conventional solutions) has been reported in the last years [1 -3]. In this paper earlier work of the Institut für Struktur- und Funktionskeramik at Montanuniversität Leoben on highly loaded silicon nitride rolls is summarized, where the limits of the Application of silicon nitride rolling tools are discussed. On the extreme example of rolls for super alloy wire rolling the behaviour of small surface cracks in the roll track is discussed. It is shown that – for the investigated conditions - rolling high strength steel wires is manageable but rolling of super alloy wires will cause the growth of fatigue cracks, which may destroy the rolls after some tons of rolled wire. A not trivial problem to be solved is the connection of the ceramic tool with the metal parts of the roll stand. Thermal strains of the metal parts can be several times larger than those of the silicon nitride ceramic and can therefore cause very high thermal misfit strains, even if the heating of metal parts seems to be modest. This case is discussed on the example of a catastrophically failed ceramic tool. This clearly shows that not only the tool but also the joint of the tool to the rest of the machinery has to be designed carefully. In summary this work demonstrates that a successful use of silicon nitride ceramic tools for cold and hot forming of metals and alloys is possible.
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Rydz, Dariusz, Marlena Krakowiak, Teresa Bajor, and Grzegorz Stradomski. "The Analysis of the Impact Relative Rolling Reduction at the Area Connector Bimetallic Plate after the Rolling Process." Solid State Phenomena 199 (March 2013): 514–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.199.514.
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As part of this work the analysis of the impact relative rolling reduction at the connection area of bimetallic plate after the rolling process was carried out. The rolling process was conducted on samples that have been joined by explosive welding method [1-. The scheme of joining bimetallic plates with use of explosive welding method is shown in fig. 1 [. Geometric and structural design of explosively welded connections depends on the type of welded metal, welding process parameters and the thickness of welded components, the geometry of collision, the type of substrate and surface preparation. Regardless of the type of welded metal, there are three basic types of connections obtained with different parameters of welded plates: flat connections without an intermediate layer of the symmetric deformation of grains, wavy connections and the last one with continuous intermediate layer. This paper presents the analysis of sheet metal connection area after direct double-layer combining by explosive welding method and the next stage of their production - the rolling process. Bimetal plates Al99.8-M1E were rolled with relative rolling reduction ε = 10%, 15% and 20%. The analysis of structural changes was made for both kinds of the samples: after the direct connection and after the annealing operations. In addition to analyzing the results of optical microscopy to present a complete picture of changes in the joints the Vickers micro hardness testing were carried out. Fig. 1. Scheme mergers bimetal plate explosive welding method [5]
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Manawan, Maykel, Sovian Aritonang, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah, Antonius Suban Hali, Nono Darsono, Toto Sudiro, Permono Adi Putro, and Risdiana. "XRD Residual Stress and Texture Analysis on 6082T Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.409.
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The determination of residual stresses is of great importance for many threated metal applications. In this work, the XRD residual stress analysis was used to characterized tempered aluminum-based specimen 6082T with rotation angles (phi) 0°, 45° and 90°, respectively. Highest stress levels were found in the rolling direction (phi = 0°), while negligible along transfers direction (phi = 90°). In addition, a shear stress along rolling and transverse direction, and also the present of texture along (110) can be observed.
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Tober, Gerhard, Christian Ruback, Maria Kuttig, and Petra Maier. "Influence of Heat Treatment on Rolling and Final Properties of Welded Steels 1.4404 and 1.4571." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.142.
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This study investigates the influence of heat treatment on the properties of welded steels 1.4404 and 1.4571 of high thickness concerning the forming properties by rolling and the final properties. The weld seam is a region in the work piece where the material can have a higher resistance to deformation. The strength of the weld seam is often higher than in the parent metal. Therefore a suitable pre-heat treatment (1050°C for 30 min) was applied to the weld seam and heat affected zone within the cold rolling process to achieve a more homogeneous distribution of strength and ductility over the entire work piece. A second heat treatment (1050°C for 60 min) after the rolling was done to obtain the solution annealed structure of the steels. To compare the effect of the heat treatments and of the deformation during rolling (work hardening) tensile tests were performed after each process step. Here both materials behave slightly differently. Metallographic investigations show how the microstructure is influenced and give a clear picture of the fracture occurring. Force – time behaviour during rolling was monitored and provides information about the improvements by the preliminary heat treatment. Cold rolling of welded plates is characterized by a force peak just when the weld seam is within the gap of the rolls. The application of heat treatment has been found to lower that force peak and ensures less distortion in shape during the cold rolling passes.
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Kawalek, A., H. Dyja, and K. Ozhmegov. "Investigation of influence of plate rolling parameters on the product quality." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 76, no. 6 (July 21, 2020): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2020-6-591-601.
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During plate rolling in most cases a breakdown of symmetry conditions of the strip deformation relative to the upper and lower rolls takes place. The rolling process becomes an asymmetric one. This phenomenon causes an adverse bending of the strip towards the lower or upper roll. Subsequent finishing operations do not ensure the exclusion of the deformed (wavy) shape, since the strip has a high rigidity. With this production, large technological waste, associated with the undulation of the front end of the strip arises. In addition, the work rolls of the rolling mill and auxiliary equipment are subject to increased wear. The introduction of controlled asymmetry into the rolling process by differentiating speed of rotation of the work rolls can be one of the ways to prevent this phenomenon. Using of asymmetry allows to change the stress and strain state in the deformation zone. This method does not increase the load on the rolling stand and the gear of the rolling mill. The paper presents results of investigation of plate rolling parameters (billet feeding angle, degree of deformation, value of the asymmetry coefficient of rolls rotation speed) on the strip curvature. The work was carried out according to conditions of hot rolling of steel grade S355J2+N. For numerical simulation of the rolling process the coefficients of the Hensel–Spittel function were refined. The authors conducted a study of rolling of plates using two types of asymmetry, a geometric (as a result of feeding the workpiece at an angle) and a kinetic (by changing the speed of rotation of individual rolls). The analysis of the results was carried out using numerical simulation based on the modern Forge soft- ware package. According to the results of the work, an analysis of the influence of the parameters of plates hot rolling on the metal flow in the deformation zone is presented. The conditions for reducing the curvature of the end of the strip are determined. The expediency of introducing a controlled asymmetric rolling process by application of different speeds of rotation of the work rolls is shown.
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Lezhnev, Sergey, Abdrakhman Naizabekov, Evgeniy Panin, and Igor Mazur. "The Study of the Microstructure of the Metal after Rolling Thick Workpieces of Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Relief and Smooth Rolls." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 1099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.1099.
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One of the ways to improve the quality of steel production by rolling is the creation of additional streams of the metal flow, i.e. intensification of shear deformation not only in longitudinal but also in transverse direction. From the review of scientific-technical and patent literature it is known that to improve the quality of products when rolling usually use a system of alternating projections and depressions, which is created on the surface of the wide faces of slab or on work rolls. In this case, along with deformation in altitudinal and longitudinal directions, the conditions for deformation of the metal in the transverse direction, which has a positive effect on reducing the anisotropy of properties. Knowing the advantages of rolling with additional shear deformations, we have developed energy-saving technology of plate billets rolling of non-ferrous metals and alloys, allowing to obtain a uniform fine-grained structure throughout the volume of the workpiece, and designed two new constructions of the pair of work rolls with embossed surface as an annular groove, forming a trapezoidal protrusions and depressions alternating each other along the entire length of the barrel (the first pair to unequal treatment of the ledge to the depression and the second pair with equal respect to the ledge to the depression) to implement this technology in practice. In this paper were described results of investigations of microstructure evolution of copper alloys by rolling on the proposed technology in the relief rolls and according to the current technology in smooth rolls.
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Ye, Renhu, and Rui Wang. "Study on effect of heat-assisted rolling on surface morphology and mechanical properties of titanium alloy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2587, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2587/1/012003.
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Abstract This paper mainly investigated the heating influence on surface rolling strengthening of titanium alloy based on the metal thermal softening effect. Surface morphology and mechanical properties of the samples before and after heat-assisted rolling were measured and analyzed. It was found that the surface smoothness and microhardness of the samples rolled at 80°C, 120°C, and 160°C gradually increased as the heating temperature increased. However, the sample rolled at 25°C still had the optimal surface morphology (Ra0.255), the highest surface microhardness (425 HV) and surface residual stress (-497 MPa) because of the characteristics of metal cold work hardening. But the thickness of the hardened layer is much smaller than that of the one rolled at 160°C. In addition, the finite element simulation of the rolling process was carried out, and the dynamic simulation results verified the experimental conclusions. The highest total energy on the surface of the sample rolled at room temperature also indicated its better surface properties.
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Zhou, Lin, Zun Feng Ke, Ying Biao Zhao, Wei Wei He, and Li Ping He. "Technology Innovation of Short Stress Path Mill and Flying Shear." Advanced Materials Research 572 (October 2012): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.572.43.
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In order to improve the accuracy and performance of long products, increase the metal yield, more better ensure high speed and continuous rolling, the structure and principle of short stress path mill and flying shear which are the key equipments in rolling line are emphasized in our research work. Some new technology method and rational mechanical structure are proposed and has been applied to optimize equipments. The requirements of various products and high quantity production in long milling products are ensured.
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Tao, Laihua, Qiaoyi Wang, and Huajie Wu. "Establishment and Numerical Analysis of Rolling Force Model Based on Dynamic Roll Gap." Applied Sciences 13, no. 13 (June 22, 2023): 7394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13137394.
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Applying mathematical models and numerical methods is crucial for describing and simulating the metal cold-rolling process, wherein the accurate prediction of rolling force is an effective way to improve the quality of rolled sheets. This paper considers key influencing parameters such as friction lubrication, stress, tension, and roll-flattening radius during the rolling process and establishes a calculation model for the friction coefficient and roll-flattening radius. By considering the coupling effect of the dynamic roll gap on rolling force, a rolling force model for non-steady-state friction lubrication during the rolling process is obtained. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by comparing it with industrial measurement results. The influences of the friction coefficient, stress, tension before and after rolling, and roll-flattening radius on rolling force are quantitatively studied. The results show that the rolling force increases with an increase in the friction coefficient. When the friction coefficient exceeds 0.2, the rate of increase slows down, approaching dry friction conditions. The rolling force increases linearly with stress but decreases with increasing tension before and after rolling. The rolling force model, considering the roll-flattening radius, provides numerical calculation results that are closer to an industrial measured rolling force. This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism behind the improvement of the cold rolling process.